2020版一轮复习英语译林江苏专版学案：选修8Unit1Thewrittenword

Unit 1　The written word


一、单词表词汇全查验——运用多媒体，提问默写词汇
Ⅰ.阅读词汇(英译汉)
[第一屏听写]
1．bookworm n．　 　 极爱读书的人，书迷，书虫
2．*drama n. 戏剧，戏剧艺术
3．fiction n. 小说；虚构的事
4．antique n. 古董，文物
5．chapter n. (书的)章，篇，回；时期，时代
6．opera n. 歌剧；歌剧团；歌剧院
7．soap opera n. 肥皂剧　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　

[第二屏听写]
8．*cemetery n. 　 墓地，公墓
9．twist n. 转折，转变；转动；急转弯
vi.&vt. (使)弯曲；转动；蜿蜒
10．plot n. 故事情节；阴谋，密谋
vt. 密谋；绘制(图表)
11．vain adj. 虚荣的，自负的；徒劳的，无结果的
12．rigid adj. 死板的，僵化的，固执的；坚硬的
13．civil adj. 有教养的，有礼貌的；国民的，平民的；民事的(非刑事的)
14．violent adj. 暴力的，粗暴的；猛烈的，强烈的　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　

[第三屏听写]
15．painter n．　　 　 画家
16．*workhouse n. (英国旧时的)劳动救济所
17．millionaire n. 百万富翁
18．vice n. 恶行，恶习，罪恶
19．*threat n. 威胁，恐吓
20．home­made adj. 自制的；家里做的；国产的
21．*bind vt. 捆，绑，系；(使)联合；约束；迫使　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　

[第四屏听写]
22．spin vi.&vt.　　 (使)快速旋转；(使)急转身；纺纱；吐丝结网
n. (高速)旋转
23．sneaker n. 运动鞋
24．pin vt. 使不能动弹，按住；(用大头针等)固定，别上，钉住
n. 大头针；胸针
25．envelope n. 信封
26．brand new adj. 全新的，崭新的
27．chest n. 胸部，胸膛；大箱子　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　
[第五屏听写]
28．*attic n．　　　　 阁楼，顶楼
29．modern­day adj. 现代的；当代的
30．stepmother n. 继母
31．stepsister n. 异父(异母)姊妹
32．rag n. 破布，破衣服；抹布
33．Ireland n. 爱尔兰
34．Scotland n. 苏格兰
35．supreme adj. 最高的，至高无上的
36．holy adj. 神圣的，圣洁的　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　

[第六屏听写]
37．widow n．　　　 　 遗孀，寡妇
38．monument n. 纪念碑，纪念馆，纪念塑像；古迹
39．romantic adj. 浪漫主义的；浪漫的
40．rhyme vi.&vt. (使)押韵
n. 押韵；押韵词；押韵短诗
41．*melodie n. 〈旧〉乐曲，歌曲
42．tune n. 曲调，曲子
vt. 调音，校音；调频道，调节　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　

[第七屏听写]
43．*thou pron.　　　 (第二人称单数的主格)你
44．*thee pron. (第二人称单数的宾格)你
45．*farewell int.&n. 再见，再会
46．spring vi. 突然出现；跳，蹦
47．*bonnie adj. 十分漂亮的，有魅力的
48．*lass n. 女孩，少女
49．*melt vi.&vt. (使)融化，(使)熔化；(使)缓和，(使)软化　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　

Ⅱ.高频词汇(汉译英)
[第八屏听写]
1．poetry n．　　　　　 诗歌
2．characteristic n. 特征，特点
adj. 典型的，独特的，特有的
3．novelist n. 小说家
4．author n. 作者
5．abuse vt. 虐待；辱骂；滥用
6．desperate adj. 铤而走险的，拼命的，绝望的；非常需要，渴望
7．criminal n. 罪犯
adj. 犯罪的，犯法的；刑法的，刑事的　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　

[第九屏听写]
8．tension n．　　　　　 紧张气氛；紧张，烦躁；矛盾，对立
9．generous adj. 慷慨的，大方的；宽厚的，仁慈的
10．bent adj. 弯曲的；驼背的；不诚实的
n. 天赋，爱好
11．theme n. 主题，主题思想；主题音乐
12．reform vt.&vi.&n. (使)改过自新，改造；改革，改良
13．violence n. 暴力，暴行
14．resist vi.&vt. 反抗，抵制，抵挡
15．reunite vt.&vi. (使)重逢，再相聚；(使)再结合，再联合　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　

[第十屏听写]
16．worn_out adj.　　　 破烂不堪的，废旧的；精疲力尽的
17．spit vt.&vt. 吐唾沫(表示愤怒或鄙视)；吐，唾(唾沫、食物等)
18．rescue n．&vi.&vt. 救援，营救
19．wrap vt. 包，裹；围，缠绕
20．reputation n. 名誉，名声
21．debt n. 债务，欠款
22．adore vt. 热爱，喜爱，爱慕
23．intend vt.&vi. 打算，计划，想要　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　
[第十一屏听写]
24．paragraph n．　　　　 段落
25．bent_on_(doing)_something　 决心做某事(通常指坏事)
26．on_the_run 躲避；忙碌，不停地奔波
27．live_up_to 达到，符合(期望)
28．come_to_one's_rescue 救援某人，帮助某人
29．touch_on 谈及，涉及
30．be_intended_to_be/do_something 目的是作为某物，目的是做某事
31．in_tune 音调准确；演奏合调　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　
二、单元核心考点初热身——提供语境，单元考点自测回顾
(一)分类识记单词——用时少·功效高
识记单词写对
Ⅰ.知其意(英译汉)
1.vice n. 　恶行，恶习，罪恶
2.fiction n. 小说；虚构的事
3.antique n. 古董，文物
4.chapter n. (书的)章，篇，回；时期，时代
5.plot n. 故事情节；阴谋，密谋
vt. 密谋；绘制
6.spring vi. 突然出现；跳，蹦
7.rigid adj.　死板的，僵化的，固执的
8.civil adj. 有教养的，有礼貌的；国民的，平民的；民事的
9.pin vt. 使不能动弹，按住；固定
n. 大头针；胸针
10.envelope n. 信封
11.romantic adj.　浪漫主义的；浪漫的
Ⅱ.写其形(汉译英)
1.author n．　 作者
2.abuse vt. 虐待；辱骂；滥用
3.spit vi. & vt. 　吐唾沫
4.debt n. 债务，欠款
5.reform vi. & vt. & n．
(使)改过自新，改造；改革，改良
核心单词练通
1.The man lost in the desert was desperate (极度渴望的) for water.
2.It became obvious that all her complaints were in vain (徒劳的)．
3.The book's theme (主题) is the conflict between love and duty.
4.The child was rescued (营救) from the fire, but died soon after of terrible burns.
5.All in all the government's policy which is _intended (打算) to control the high housing price seems to work.
6.The present he gave me for my birthday was beautifully wrapped (包，裹) in gold paper.
7.She has always had a high reputation (名誉) for her excellent short stories.
8.Would you please introduce me to Professor Li? I adore (崇拜) him very much.
拓展单词用活
[记全记牢]
1.poetry n．诗歌→poetic adj.诗歌的，诗的→poet n．诗人→poetess n．女诗人
2.characteristic n．特征，特点 adj.典型的，独特的，特有的→character n．人物，角色；性格
3.novelist n．小说家→novel n．小说
4.criminal n．罪犯 adj.犯罪的，犯法的；刑法的，刑事的→crime n．罪行，犯罪行为
5.tension n．紧张气氛；紧张，烦躁；矛盾，对立→tense adj.令人紧张的；神经紧张的；绷紧的
6.generous adj.慷慨的，大方的；宽厚的，仁慈的→generously adv.慷慨地；大方地→generosity n．慷慨，大方；宽宏大量
7.violence n．暴力，暴行→violent adj.暴力的，粗暴的；猛烈的，强烈的→violently adv.强烈地，激烈地
8.resist vi.& vt.反抗，抵制，抵挡→resistant adj.有抵抗力的→resistance n．反抗，抵抗，抗拒
9.reunite vt.& vi.(使)重逢，再相聚；(使)再结合，再联合→unite vi.& vt.联合，团结，统一，联手→united adj.联合的，统一的→unity n．团结一致，联合(体)，统一(体)
[用准用活]
1.The terrorists attacked the city violently and the French government called for an end to the _violence.(violent)
2.The editors wanted her to cut out the poetry from her novel, which made her confused about her dream of becoming a poetess.(poet)
3.After years of united efforts, the three countries found themselves united peacefully instead of by war. They took pride in their unity. Imagine the joyful scene when they were reunited with their former relatives and friends.(unite)
4.He is a kind and generous old man and he generously contributed a lot of money to the village primary school last week. His generosity is worth admiring.(generous)
5.The material, which is resistant to many chemicals, has good resistance to shock. However, some building bosses resist using it because of high costs.(resist)
6.Facing the tense atmosphere, I wanted to scream, for the tension became unbearable.(tense)
7.I'm reading a novel The Mill on the Floss, which was written by the famous novelist,_George Eliot.(novel)
8.Among the three characters in this novel, I adore Hamlet for his special characteristics.(character)


⇩
1.“主题”公园
①theme　　　　②subject
③issue ④topic
2．“信”相关词集合
①envelope n. 信封
②stamp n. 邮票
③address vt. 写姓名地址
④post v. 寄出，邮寄
⑤mailbox n. 邮箱
⑥letter n. 书信
⑦post office 邮局
3.debt用法展示
①be in heavy debt＝be deep in debt 　 　负债累累　　　　
②in debt to sb.＝ in sb.'s debt 欠某人的人情/债
③be/get out of debt 摆脱债务
④get into debt 负债
⑤pay off debt 还清债务
⑥owe sb. a debt 欠某人一笔债
4.“个性描述”常用形容词
①generous　大方的，慷慨的
②mean 小气的；吝啬的
③warm­hearted 热心肠的
④easy­going 脾气温和的
⑤gentle 温和的，温柔的
⑥selfless 无私的
⑦honest 诚实的
⑧stubborn 固执的
⑨open­minded 虚心的；思想开明的
⑩cruel 残酷的；残忍的

(二)语段串记短语——不枯燥·兴趣高

先 写 对
再 用 准
第一组
1.on_the_run　躲避；忙碌，不停地奔波
2.be_adapted_from 由……改编
3.touch_on 谈及，涉及
4.appeal_to 吸引；呼吁
5.in_tune 音调准确；演奏合调
6.let_out 放大；泄露；发出
7.pick_up 捡起；获得；学会
Mr White is my uncle living in the countryside. He is always ①on_the_run every day to earn money. When ②touching_on his dream, he said he would build a school in the village to get all the children to be educated. He ③appeals_to people to help him realize him dream.
第二组
1.live_up_to　达到，符合(期望)
2.(be)_bent_on_(doing)_sth. 决心做某事
3.focus_..._on_... 把……集中在……
4.come_out 出版，发行
5.at_a_time 每次
6.(be)_based_on 以……为基础
7.compare_..._to_... 把……比作……
Watching the instructive film, Tom was deeply moved and regretted his wasting so much time. He ①was_bent_on changing himself and ②focused his attention on his studies, which made his parents very happy. He said he would try his best to ③live_up_to their expectations.
第三组
1.come_to_one's_rescue　　　　救援某人，帮助某人
2.be_intended_to_be/do_sth. 目的是作为某物/做某事
3.give_away 泄露；出卖；分发
4.consist_of 由……组成
5.be_set_in 以……为背景
6.have_nothing_to_do_with 与……没关系
7.under_the_control_of 在……控制下
Mr Smith, my neighbour, is a kind­hearted man, who is always ready to ①come_to others' rescue,_and often ②gives_away old clothes, books and money to the poor. Last year, he set up a group ③consisting_of 8 people, which ④is_intended_to help those in need.
⇩
1.“be＋adj.＋on”短语荟萃
①be dependent on 依赖于
②be keen on 热衷于
③be tough on 严格对待
④be bent on 决心……
⑤be based on 以……为基础
⑥be hard on 对……苛刻
⑦be impressed on 对……印象深刻
2.“v.＋on”短语集锦
①touch on 　　涉及
②take on 雇用；呈现；承担
③put on 上演；穿上
④hold on 不挂断电话
⑤focus on 专注于
⑥concentrate on 专注于
⑦act on 对……起作用
⑧depend on 取决于
⑨insist on　坚持
⑩work on 操作
3.“控制，掌管”家族
①in control of　控制，掌管
②take control of 控制，掌控
③in charge of 掌管，控制
④in the charge of 由……掌管
⑤under the control of 在……控制下
(三)仿写用活句式——造佳句·表达高
背 原 句
明 句 式
学 仿 写
1.This makes them difficult for some people to read, so they are often left to gather dust on shelves.
对有些人来说，读经典作品是困难的，因此它们经常被搁置在书架上积满了灰尘。
“使役动词/感官动词＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构。充当宾语补足语的是形容词、副词、介词短语、现在分词、过去分词、动词不定式等。
(2016·四川高考写作佳句)夏天让我充满活力，我觉得我有力量做我生活中最困难的事情。
Summer makes_me_full_of_energy and I feel I have the strength to do the most difficult things in my life.
2.Pip's sister often abuses him, but Joe is a kind and simple man who would rather die than see any harm come to Pip.
皮普的姐姐经常辱骂他，但乔却是一个善良、淳朴的人，他宁愿死也不愿看到皮普受到任何伤害。
would rather do ... than do ...意为“宁愿做……也不愿做……”。
(2018·浙江高考写作佳句)我对这份工作很感兴趣，我宁愿通过它提高英语口语，也不愿整日宅在家里看电视。
I'm particularly interested in this job and I would_rather_improve my oral English through it than_stay at home watching TV all day.
3.Oliver gets arrested by the police and is taken to court.
奥利弗被警察抓住并被带到法庭上。
“get＋过去分词”既可作被动结构也可作系表结构，作被动结构时，强调动作的发生；作系表结构时，强调状态的变化。
(2017·全国卷Ⅱ满分作文)现在越来越多的人对剪纸感兴趣。
Nowadays, more and more people are_getting_interested_in_paper­cutting.



考点新组合
阅读微技能
　　Mr Black, a famous writer, creates many characters in his novels who would rather try and fail than give up their life goals. They found ❶________ possible to live up to their expectations after great efforts. Efforts were never paid in vain. Many readers，❷________ (especial) those who were kept on the run, worshipped him very much. They were bent on taking a load off their minds, ❸________(cheer) up for future life.
1.①处应填代词it。
2.②处用所给词的适当形式填空
especially。
3.③处用所给词的适当形式填空
cheering。

1．vain adj.虚荣的，自负的；徒劳的，无结果的

(1)a vain attempt/effort　 徒劳的尝试/努力
in vain 徒劳地；无意义地
try in vain to do sth. 枉费心机地试图做某事
(2)vainly adv. 徒劳地；不成功地；白费力气地
[多角练透]
单项填空
①After the quarrel, I tried all my best to remove the misunder­standing between us, but all my efforts seemed ________.
A．in vain　　　　　　　 　B．in silence
C．in ruins D．in trouble
解析：选A　句意：争吵过后，我尽力去消除我们之间的误会，但是我的努力似乎都白费了。 in vain “白费地，徒劳无功地”；in silence“保持沉默”；in ruins“毁坏”；in trouble“处于困境中”。根据句意可知选A。
用所给词的适当形式填空
②We tried in vain to_make (make) him change his mind.
③He shouted at them, vainly (vain) trying to attract their attention.
2．live up to达到，符合(期望)；不辜负；遵守(诺言)
[归纳拓展]
❶live on　　　　　　 以……为生；继续存在
❷live out 活过；实践；实现；住在外面
❸live with 忍受，容忍；与……一起生活
❹live through 经历艰难或险境而幸存
[应用领悟]
①I am sure that I can perfectly live up to your expectations.
我确信我不会辜负你的期望。
②For a whole week we had to live on fish and chips.
整整一个星期，我们只得以炸鱼加薯条为主食。
③Looking back, I don't know how I lived through those years.
回顾往事，我真不知道那些年是怎样过来的。
3．on the run 躲避；忙碌，不停地奔波

(1)in the long/short run　　　 从长远/短期来看
a run of 一连串(类似的)事件
(2)on the way 在路上
on the go 十分活跃；非常忙碌
[题点全练]　完成句子
①With three young children to take care of, Helen is kept on_the_run/on_the_go every minute of the day.
海伦照顾着三个小孩，整天都是忙忙碌碌的。
②Education is more valuable than money in_the_long_run.
从长远来看，教育比金钱更有价值。
③Go right home at once, don't stop off anywhere on_the_way.
立刻直接回家去，别在路上随意停留。
4．be bent on (doing) sth. 决心做某事(通常指坏事)；一心想要做某事

bend one's mind/efforts/thoughts to sth.　专心于某事物
bend (sb.) to sth.　 迫使(某人)屈从某物
[题点全练]
用所给词的适当形式填空
①Students should resist the temptation to bend their (they) mind to exams alone.
②He was bent on winning (win) at all costs, which surprised all of us.
完成句子
③Though he is seventy years old, he is_bent_on_studying medicine.
尽管他已七十岁的高龄，但他决心学医。
④However weak the nation may be, it will never bend_to a greater power.
无论这个国家多么弱小， 它决不屈服于强国。
5．would rather do ... than do ...
“宁愿做……而不愿做……”
[教材原句]　Pip's sister often abuses him, but Joe is a kind and simple man who would_rather_die_than_see any harm come to Pip.
皮普的姐姐经常辱骂他，但乔却是一个善良、淳朴的人，他宁愿死也不愿看到皮普受到任何伤害。

(1)would rather常用于以下句型：

(2)would rather 后跟宾语从句时，从句用虚拟语气：

①He would_rather_die_than_give_in to the enemy.
他宁愿死也不愿向敌人投降。
②I would rather you did_not_make_any_comment on the issue for the time being.
我宁愿你对这个问题暂时不要作任何评论。
③I'd rather you hadn't_told_me_the_truth yesterday.
我宁愿你昨天没把事实告诉我。
[真题印证]
④(2010·江苏高考)George is going to talk about the geography of his country, but I'd rather he ________ more on its culture.
A．focus B．focused
C．would focus D．had focused
解析：选B　考查虚拟语气。would rather后的从句中谓语动词用过去式表示对现在或将来事实的虚拟。
考点新组合
阅读微技能
　　Oliver Twist was written by Charles Dickens. It makes me aware that justice will prevail over evil eventually. ❶________ Later he has to work in a workhouse and hardly has time ❷________ (relax). He escapes, but falls under the control of a criminal group. They will beat him if he resists obeying them. Oliver is rescued eventually.
1.①处应填的句子为：__A__。
A.The main character, Oliver Twist, experiences a childhood without parents.
B.I am deeply moved, reading it once again.
C.Charles Dickens is very famous for short stories.
2.②处用所给词的适当形式填空 to_relax。

6．resist vi. & vt.反抗，抵制，抵挡

(1)resist doing sth.　　　　　　　 反对做某事
can't resist doing sth.＝ can't help doing sth.
忍不住做某事
(2)resistant adj. 抵抗的；有抵抗力的
be resistant to 对……有抵抗力
(3)resistance n. 抵制，抗拒；反对
resistance to ... 对……的抵制
[多角练透]　用所给词的适当形式填空/完成句子
①Among them are special windows that are resistant (resist) to dirt and water.
②Generally those who exercise regularly have high resistance (resist) to diseases.
③The boy couldn't_resist/help_showing_off his being praised by the teacher on arriving home.
一到家，这个男孩就忍不住炫耀起自己受到了老师的表扬。
7．rescue n．& vi.& vt.救援，营救

(1)come/go to sb.'s rescue　　　　　 前来/去救某人
(2)rescue sb. from ... 从……营救某人
rescue sth. from ... 使某物免于……
[多角练透]
介词填空
①The lifeboat was sent out to rescue the sailors from the sinking ship.
②When you are in danger, we'll come to your rescue.
完成句子
③I didn't know anybody at the party, but the hostess came_to_my_rescue by introducing me to a few people.
在聚会上，我一个人也不认识，但主人帮我介绍了几个人。
④Some experts appealed to people to_rescue_many_species_from_extinction.
一些专家呼吁人们拯救许多物种以使其免于灭绝。
8．“make＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构
[教材原句]　This makes_them_difficult for some people to read, so they are often left to gather dust on shelves.
对有些人来说，读经典作品是困难的，因此它们经常被搁置在书架上积满了灰尘。

(1)此结构中，宾语补足语可由名词或形容词、不带to的不定式、过去分词或介词短语充当。
(2)当该结构的宾语是动词不定式短语或从句时，多用it作形式宾语，而把动词不定式短语或从句后置。
①When I reached the theatre, the tickets had been booked up, which made_me_depressed.
当我到达剧院的时候，票已经订完了，这使我很难过。
②He burst into the room without knocking at the door, which made_me_very_angry.
他没敲门就闯进房间，这使我非常生气。
③Our English teacher often makes_us_retell the texts, which is beneficial to our English study.
我们的英语老师经常让我们复述课文，这对我们的英语学习有益。
④The Internet makes_it_easier for people to get the information they want.
互联网使得人们更容易地获取他们所需要的信息。
[名师指津]　make sb. do sth.结构变为被动语态时，省略的动词不定式符号to要补上。
⑤The police made them stand up against the wall.
＝ They were made by the police to_stand_up against the wall.
警察让他们靠墙站着。
考点新组合
阅读微技能
　　Robert Burns was Scotland's supreme literary hero. He had a reputation for being funny and pleasant to be around. In his famous poem A Red, Red Rose published in 1794, ❶________ was intended to be sung. Burns compared the girl he loved ❷________ a red rose, which showed he was in desperate need of genuine love. Burns died at the age of 37 in 1796, and all of Scotland mourned his death.
1.①处应填关系代词which。
2.②处应填介词to。

9．reputation n．名誉；声望；名声

have a good/bad reputation　 名声好/坏
have a reputation for sth. 因……而著名，以……闻名
live up to one's reputation 名不虚传；名副其实
lose/ruin one's reputation 名誉扫地
earn/establish/build a reputation　 赢得/确立/树立声誉
be of great/good/high reputation　 很有声望的；享有盛名的
[题点全练]
完成句子
①I often buy food and other products that are popular and have_a_good_reputation.
我经常买一些受欢迎的和信誉好的食品及其他产品。
②Don't spread rumors, or you'll ruin_his_reputation.
不要散布谣言，否则你会让他名誉扫地。
③It takes twenty years to build_a_reputation and five minutes to ruin it.
花二十年建立起来的声誉可以在五分钟之内完全摧毁。
④He is an outstanding leader who lives_up_to_his_reputation.
他是位杰出的领导人，名不虚传。
单句写作
⑤(2017·北京高考书面表达)“长江之行”和“泰山之旅”都享有盛誉。
Of_the_two_trips_to_the_Yangtze_River_and_Mount_Tai,_both_are_of_great_reputation.
10．intend vt. & vi.打算，计划，想要

(1)intend to do/doing sth.　　 打算做某事
had intended to do sth./intended to have done sth.
本来打算做某事
intend sb. to do sth. 打算让某人做某事
intend sth. for ... 为……准备某物
(2)intended adj. 故意的，有意的；打算中的
be intended for 为……准备/设计的
be intended to be/do sth. 目的是作为某物/做某事
(3)intention n. 意图，目的，企图
have no intention of ... 无意……
with the intention of doing/to do ... 抱有做……的目的/打算
[多角练透]
用intend的适当形式填空
①Those chairs are intended_ for the disabled.
②Ben has not the least intention of giving up his research.
句型转换
③Peter had intended to take a job in business, but abandoned that plan after the unpleasant experience in Canada in 2017.
→Peter intended to have taken a job in business, but abandoned that plan after the unpleasant experience in Canada in 2017.
④The green map is intended for travelers, so it sells well.
→Intended for travelers,_the green map sells well.
单句写作
⑤(2018·天津高考书面表达)我想要强调的是我们团队正在招收新成员，我想邀请你加入。
What_I_intend_to_stress_is_that_our_group_is_looking_for_new_members_and_I_would_like_to_invite_you_to_join.
11．desperate adj.铤而走险的，拼命的，绝望的；非常需要的，渴望的

(1)be desperate for sth.　　　　　 渴望某物
be desperate to do sth. 渴望做某事
in desperate need of 非常需要
(2)desperately adv. 极其，非常；绝望地
[多角练透]
用所给词的适当形式填空
①We're all pulling for each other because we're desperate to_win (win) the Cup back.
②She desperately (desperate) wanted to win her father's approval.
完成句子
③The unattended children are in_desperate_need_of love and attention.
留守儿童非常需要爱和关怀。
④I now understand why they were_so_desperate_for my help.
我现在了解了他们为什么那么迫切地需要我的帮助。
单句写作
⑤(2015·四川高考书面表达)我渴望提高英语口语，你能给我一些建议吗？
I_am_desperate_to_improve_my_spoken_English._Can_you_give_me_some_advice?



[单元语基落实]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Metals will melt (熔化) when heated to a certain temperature.
2．Would you please introduce me to Professor Li? I adore (崇拜) him very much.
3．Can you translate those paragraphs (段落) into English?
4．The police kept after the criminal (罪犯) until they finally caught him.
5．He was so good to me that I can never repay the debt (债) I owe him.
6．They built a monument (纪念碑) in memory of those who died in the great earthquake.
7．Two men sprang (突然出现) out as I was walking through the park.
8．Without the reform (改革) of the economic management system our industry will reverse.
Ⅱ.单项填空
1．(2019·盐城模拟)It was too hard for the firefighters to get close to the burning building.All their attempts to rescue the people trapped were ________.
A．in place　　　　　　　 　B．in return
C．in vain D．in danger
解析：选C　句意：对于消防员来说接近燃烧的大楼太难了。所有营救被困人员的努力都是徒劳的。in place“在适当的位置”；in return“作为回报”；in vain“徒劳”；in danger“在危险中”。根据句意可知选C。
2．He is a worthy leader, who never ________ his power which is given by people.
A．employs B．takes
C．abuses D．overlooks
解析：选C　句意：他是一位值得尊敬的领导，从来不滥用人民赋予他的职权。abuse“滥用，妄用(权力等)”，符合句意。employ“雇用”； take“拿，取”； overlook“忽略，忽视”。
3．The government has ________ parents to work with teachers in the education of their children, which has received good responses.
A．turned to B．devoted to
C．appealed to D．referred to
解析：选C　句意：政府呼吁家长们在孩子的教育上与老师合作，这已得到了很好的回应。turn to“向……求助(或寻求指教等)”；devote to“致力于，献身于”；appeal to“恳请，呼吁”；refer to“提到，涉及”。根据句意可知选C。
4．—Della burst out crying at the news, but I meant no harm.
—I'd rather you ________ her about it.
A．didn't tell B．haven't told
C．hadn't told D．wouldn't tell
解析：选C　考查虚拟语气。句意：“德拉听到这个消息突然大哭起来，可我不是故意的。”“我真希望你没有告诉她这个消息。”would rather在接宾语从句时，从句要用虚拟语气，此处是与过去事实相反的假设，故用过去完成时。
5．(2019·南京质检)The flu virus seems to be________ to medicine, for I have taken medicine for a whole week, but I am still suffering from a bad cold.
A．limited B．resistant
C．opposite D．contrary
解析：选B　limited“有限的”；resistant“有抵抗力的”；opposite“相反的”；contrary“相对的，相反的”。根据下文的信息“吃了一个星期的药，但是感冒还没有康复”可知，上文表示“这种流感病毒产生了抗药性”，因此B项符合句意。
6．Welcome to take this time number G7589 High­speed Rail Train ________ for North Changzhou from Xuzhou; the train will arrive in Changzhou North Station terminal; please take passenger baggage, thanks!
A．bid B．intended
C．bound D．left
解析：选C　句意：欢迎乘坐本次从徐州站开往常州北站的G7589次高铁。本次列车将到达终点站常州北站，请乘客们带好行李，谢谢！be bound for “开往，以……为目的地”，符合句意。be intended for“意图，打算”，不符合句意；其他两项结构皆不存在。
7．Since you can't make the class________what you say in English, you can make yourself________ in Chinese.
A．understand; understand
B．understand; understood
C．to understand; understand
D．understand; to be understood
解析：选B　句意：既然用英语不能使同学们明白你所讲的内容，你可以用汉语让大家听懂。the class和understand之间为主动关系，所以第一个空用动词原形作宾语补足语；yourself和understand之间为被动关系，所以第二个空用过去分词作宾语补足语。
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．I couldn't_resist_having another piece of cake even though I was supposed to lose weight.
虽然我应该减肥，但我忍不住又吃了一块蛋糕。
2．New technologies have_made_it_possible to turn out new products faster and at a lower cost.
新兴科技已经使速度更快且成本更低地生产新产品成为可能。
3．I would_rather_you_forgot the unpleasant experience in the city.
我宁愿你把在城市里不愉快的经历忘掉。
4．At present, our company's products have been widely applied and won_a_good_reputation.
目前，我们公司的产品已经得到了广泛的应用并赢得了良好的声誉。
5．This book is_intended_to_explain why it is so and what can be done about it.
这本书就是要说明为什么会这样，同时我们应该怎么做。
Ⅳ.课文段落大意概括
阅读本单元Reading部分，试着以约30个词概括第一、二段(P2，L1－10)总的段落大意。
Classic literature possesses ancient history and extraordinary wisdom, which distinguishes it from modern works. However, the language characteristics result in difficult comprehension. Even so, people still read them nowadays.