2020版一轮复习英语译林江苏专版学案：选修6Unit4Helpingpeoplearoundtheworld

Unit 4　Helping people around the world



一、单词表词汇全查验——运用多媒体，提问默写词汇

Ⅰ.阅读词汇(英译汉)
[第一屏听写]
1．troublesome adj.　　 麻烦的，讨厌的，棘手的
2．victim n. 受害者
3．vacant adj. 空着的，未被占用的；(职位)空缺的
4．staff n. 全体员工
5．political adj. 政治的；政府的
6．chaos n. 混乱，杂乱，紊乱

[第二屏听写]
7．mountainous adj.　　 多山的
8．assistant n. 助理，助手
adj. 助理的，副的
9．shelter n. 住所；藏身之处
10．wage n. (通常指按周领的)工资
11．damp adj. 潮湿的
12．muddy adj. 多泥的，泥泞的
[第三屏听写]
13．running water n．　　 自来水
14．ambassador n. 大使
15．boil vt. & vi. 沸腾，煮沸；烹煮
16．carpet n. 地毯
17．wool n. 绒，毛
18．*charity n．　　　　 慈善机构；慈善，赈济；仁爱，宽厚
19．*poverty n. 贫穷，贫困
[第四屏听写]
20．primitive adj.　　 　 原始的
21．heating n. 供暖；供暖系统，暖气设备
22．well n. 水井
23．container n. 容器；集装箱
24．bacteria n. 细菌
25．interpreter n. 口译工作者，口译译员
26．angle n. 角度
Ⅱ.高频词汇(汉译英)
[第五屏听写]
1．worthy adj.　　 　　 令人敬重的；值得的，相称的；有价值的
2．alternative adj. 可供替代的
n. 可供选择的事物
3．means n. 手段，方法
4．acquire vt. 购得；获得，得到；学到
5．worthwhile adj. 重要的，令人愉快的；值得花时间(或花钱、努力等)的
6．obtain vt. (尤指经努力)获得；赢得
7．barrier n. 障碍，隔阂；屏障，障碍物
[第六屏听写]
8．expand vi. & vt.　　 　 扩展，发展(业务)；扩大，增强
9．colleague n. 同事
10．fetch vt. 售得，卖得(某价)；取来，去拿来
11．remote adj. 偏远的，偏僻的
12．export n. 出口产品，输出品；出口，输出
vt. & vi. 出口，输出
13．lack n. & vt. 缺乏
14．description n. 描写(文字)，形容，说明
[第七屏听写]
15．addition n．　　　　　　 增加；添加；此外，另外
16．equal adj. 平等的；同等的
n. 同等的人；相等物
vt. 与……相同或相等
17．voluntary adj. 志愿的；自愿的，主动的
18．contribute vt. & vi. 捐献，捐赠，捐助；贡献；促成，导致
19．urgent adj. 紧急的，紧迫的
20．starvation n. 饥饿；挨饿；饿死
[第八屏听写]
21．possession n．　　　　　 个人财产；拥有，具有
22．commitment n. 承诺，保证；投入，奉献；不得不做的事
23．crowd n. 人群
vi. & vt. 挤满，塞满；使拥挤
24．remind vt. 提醒，使想起
25．make_a_difference 有作用
26．think_back_to 回想
[第九屏听写]
27．remind_somebody_of　 　 让某人想起……，提醒某人……
28．get_hold_of 得到；抓住
29．in_chaos 处于混乱状态
30．break_down 出故障；抛锚
31．under_the_umbrella_of 在……的保护下，在……的管理下
32．draw_someone's_attention_to 使(某人)察觉到
33．in_addition 除……以外(还)，此外
二、单元核心考点初热身——提供语境，单元考点自测回顾
(一)分类识记单词——用时少·功效高
识记单词写对
Ⅰ.知其意(英译汉)
1.troublesome adj.　麻烦的，讨厌的，棘手的
2.victim n. 受害者
3.vacant adj. 空着的；空缺的
4.staff n. 全体员工
5.political adj. 政治的；政府的
6.chaos n. 混乱，杂乱，紊乱
7.mountainous adj.　 多山的
8.assistant n．　　助理，助手
adj. 助理的，副的
9.shelter n. 住所；藏身之处
10.wage n．　(通常指按周领的)工资
Ⅱ.写其形(汉译英)
1.barrier n．障碍，隔阂；屏障，障碍物
2.colleague n. 同事
3.fetch vt.　　　售得，卖得(某价)；取来，去拿来
4.remote adj. 偏远的，偏僻的
5.export n. 出口产品，输出品；出口，输出vt. & vi. 出口，输出
核
心
单
词
练
通
1.There are many means (方式) of recreation in which people engage in their leisure time.
2.His suggestion put forward at the conference is worthy (值得的) of being considered.
3.Ordinary people would then be able to use them to obtain (获得) valuable information.
4.As your horizons expand (扩大), these new ideas can give a whole new meaning to life.
5.I look on it as an opportunity to acquire (学到) fresh skills.
6.They were interrupted by a sudden and urgent (紧迫的) knock at the door.
7.One should never make public property one's private possession (个人财产)．
拓展单词用活
[记全记牢]
1.lack n. & vt.缺乏→lacking adj.缺乏的；短缺的
2.description n．描写(文字)，形容，说明→describe vt.描述，形容；描绘→describer n．描写者
3.addition n．增加；添加；此外，另外→add vt. & vi.添加；相加，求和；增加→additional adj.附加的；另外的
4.equal adj.平等的；同等的n.同等的人；相等物vt.与……相同或相等→equality n．平等；同等→equally adv.相等地
5.voluntary adj.志愿的；自愿的，主动的→volunteer n．志愿者v.自愿做，无偿做
6.contribute vt. & vi.捐献，捐赠，捐助；贡献；促成，导致→contribution n．贡献；捐献；投稿→contributor n．贡献者；捐献者；投稿人
7.starvation n．饥饿；挨饿；饿死→starve vt. & vi.(使)饿死，(使)挨饿　
8.commitment n．承诺，保证；投入，奉献；不得不做的事→commit v．犯罪，做错事；把……托付给；使……承担义务
9.remind vt.提醒，使想起→reminder n．暗示；提醒人的事物
[用准用活]
1.All men are born equal,_so everyone hopes to be treated equally because equality is the basic demand.(equal)
2.The volunteers contributed much time to the project. Dr Win was a major contributor to the project and he made a great contribution.(contribute)
3.Studies show farmland in Africa is often lacking in important nutrients. Lack of nutrients makes the soil poor.(lack)
4.His generous donation filled our need for additional funds, and in addition,_it encouraged more and more people to give a hand.(addition)
5.The old man was starved to death.People felt pity for his starvation.(starve)
6.This girl described what she had seen and heard, giving a vivid description of the event as if she had attended it herself. So she was a good describer.(describe)
7.My son makes a commitment to me that he won't commit the same mistake any more.(commit)
⇩
1.“伸开，扩展”训练营
①expand　扩展，扩大
②extend 伸出，延伸
③spread 伸开，传播
④stretch 伸展，拉长
⑤enlarge 扩大
2.“经济生活”高频动词
①export　　出口；输出
②import 进口；输入
③invest 投资
④bid 出价；投标
⑤distribute 分配；分布
3.“引起，导致”相聚
①cause　　
②bring about
③lead to
④contribute to
⑤result in
⑥account for
4.攻克“空的”形容词
①vacant
②empty
③hollow
④blank

(二)语段串记短语——不枯燥·兴趣高

先 写 对
再 用 准
第一组
1.in_addition　除……以外(还)，此外
2.break_down 出故障；抛锚；损坏；衰弱下来
3.think_back_to 回想
4.contribute_..._to_... 把……捐献给……
5.put_up 建造，搭起；张贴
6.be_made_up_of 由……构成/组成
When I ①think_back_to the voluntary experiences in the remote villages, I can't help feeling sorrowful for the villagers. Their health is ②breaking_down because they work too hard. ③In_addition,_there is a shortage of running water, food and heating equipment. Luckily, the government is trying every means to help them and the public also ④contribute money to them.
第二组
1.in_chaos　处于混乱状态
2.get_hold_of 得到；抓住
3.remind_sb._of 让某人想起……，提醒某人……
4.make_a_difference 有作用(关系、影响)
5.stop_sb._from_doing_sth. 阻止某人做某事
6.look_up 查阅，向上看
The picture on the desk ①reminds me of the people in poverty. The surroundings they live in are ②in_chaos,_and they lack food and education. What's more, they can't ③get_hold_of enough funds to start their own business. In my opinion, if everyone could help the people in need, it will ④make_a_difference to their life.
第三组
1.refer_to　　谈及，提到；与……相关，涉及；查阅，参考
2.draw_one's_attention_to 使(某人)察觉到
3.under_the_umbrella_of 在……的保护下，在……的管理下
4.if_only 但愿
5.far_from 离……远；远非，远不是
6.take_on 雇用；承担；呈现
Zhang Ming is a young man who volunteers to teach children in remote villages. He writes an article ①referring_to left­behind children which ②draws the public's attention_to children whose lives are hard. Many kind citizens volunteer to ③take_on the responsibility to help those children. ④If_only those children had a better life.
⇩
1.“除……以外”家族
①apart from　　除……外(还有/没有)
②aside from 除……外(还有/没有)
③except for 除了(不好的部分)
④except 除……之外(不包括)
⑤besides 除……外(还有)
⑥in addition 此外(单独使用)
⑦in addition to 此外
⑧as well as 除……之外
2.attention短语展示
①draw one's attention to ...
　　　使某人察觉到……
②call one's attention to ...
提醒某人注意……
③fix one's attention on ...
集中注意力于……
④bring ... to one's attention
使某人注意……
⑤pay attention to　　　注意
3.think短语大团圆
①think back to　　回想
②think about 考虑
③think over 仔细考虑
④think of 记起，想起；考虑
⑤think twice 再三考虑
⑥think highly of 对……评价很高
⑦think up 想出，构思出
⑧think out 仔细考虑
(三)仿写用活句式——造佳句·表达高
背 原 句
明 句 式
学 仿 写
1.This land was difficult to farm but now water has been pumped into the fields.
这块地过去难以耕种，但现在水已经被抽进了地里。
“主语＋be＋adj.＋动词不定式”句式，动词不定式用主动形式表示被动意义。
(2017·全国卷Ⅰ满分作文)外国学习者很难理解唐诗的真实含义和文化。
The true meaning and the culture of Tang poems are_difficult_to_understand for a foreign learner.
2.I would rather you hadn't told me about it.
我宁愿你还没有把那件事告诉我。
would rather that ...意为“宁愿，更喜欢……”，从句用虚拟语气。
(2016·北京高考书面表达)我宁愿我现在在北京，这样我就会陪你去书店了。
I would rather I were_in_Beijing now, in which case I would accompany you to the bookstore.
3.If only there were more people donating money to charities！
但愿有更多的人给慈善机构捐款！
if only意为“但愿/要是……就好了”，常引导虚拟语气条件句或感叹句。
(2015·重庆高考书面表达)要是我能回到过去重新设定我的目标该多好。
If_only_I_could_go_back and reset my goals.


考点新组合
阅读微技能
　　A great dream will contribute to working ❶________ a practical goal. First, you should get yourself an idea about realizing your goal. The next step is to break your idea down into attainable steps you can be equal to. And you'd better take a note of every step you take so as to remind you what to do next. In addition, you should also have a persistent pursuit. ❷And_at_last,_you'll_realize_your_dream.
1.①处应填介词out。
2.②处可改为同义句：And finally,_your dream will_come_true.

1．contribute vt. & vi.捐献，捐赠，捐助；贡献；促成，导致；投稿

(1)contribute ... to/towards ...　 (把……)贡献给……；(向……)捐款；投稿
contribute to　　　 促成，导致；有助于；是……的原因
(2)contribution n. 贡献；捐款；稿件
make contributions/a contribution to/towards (doing) ...
对(做)……作出贡献
[多角练透]
用所给词的适当形式填空
①I am firmly convinced of the significance of honesty, which will contribute to building_(build) a warm and harmonious society.
②Failure can make a positive contribution (contribute) to your life unless you learn to use it.
完成句子
③A good goal makes you feel good and contributes_to_your_confidence.
一个好的目标使你感觉良好并有助于增强你的信心。
④She contributed_some_food_and_clothes_to the homeless people.
她为无家可归的人捐献了一些食物和衣服。
⑤Everyone should make_contributions_to_protecting the environment.
每个人都应当为保护环境做贡献。
[名师指津]　contribute to和make a contribution/ contributions to中的to都为介词，后面要接名词、代词或动名词。
2．equal adj.平等的；同等的，相同的；胜任的 vt.与……相同或相等 n．同等的人；相等物

(1)be equal to (doing) sth. (in ...)　　 (在……方面)等于；能胜任(做)某事
equal sb./sth. in (doing) sth. 在(做)某事上比得过、敌得过某人/物
without equal 无与伦比
(2)equality n. 平等，同等；均等
equally adv. 相等地，相同地
[多角练透]
用equal的适当形式填空
①Hong Kong Wetland Park is equally attractive in spring and autumn, for the weather is pleasant in both seasons.
②We Chinese people have persistently urged the equality of nations, big or small.
句型转换
③None of us can equal her, either in beauty or as a dancer.
→None of us is equal to her, either in beauty or as a dancer.
完成句子
④I am_not_equal_to (不能胜任) the position, so I don't apply for it.
⑤His paintings are without_equal (无与伦比) in the Western world.
3．remind vt.提醒，使想起

remind sb. of sth.　　　　　　　 使某人想起某事
remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事
remind (sb.) that/how/what ... 提醒(某人)……
[题点全练]　用所给词的适当形式填空
①Passengers are_reminded (remind) that no smoking is allowed on this train.
②Even if they are reminded not to_drive (drive) after drinking, some drivers are still trying their luck, which is really dangerous.
[联想发散]　根据提示，补全下面“v.＋sb.＋of sth.”短语
①cure sb.of sth.　　　　　 治好某人的病
②accuse sb.of sth. 指控某人某事
③cheat sb.of sth. 骗取某人某物
④inform sb.of sth. 通知某人某事
⑤convince sb.of sth. 使某人相信某事
⑥rob sb.of sth. 抢劫某人某物
4．break down出故障，抛锚；(身体、精神)垮掉；坍塌，崩溃；(谈判，计划等)失败，破裂；(化学)分解
[一词多义]　写出下列句中break down的含义
①Martin Luther King tried to break down racial discrimination.消除
②Let's break down the project into smaller parts in order to deal with them one by one. 将……分成若干部分
③Men are left idle when machines break down.出故障
④You will break down if you take on more work than you can.身体垮掉
⑤Peace talks between the two countries have broken down with no agreement reached.失败，破裂
[归纳拓展]
❻break in　　　　 破门而入；打断(谈话等)
❼break into 强行闯入；突然……起来
❽break out (战争、火灾等)爆发；发生(无被动语态)
❾break up 破裂，分手；结束
break through 突破
break away from 脱离，挣脱
[应用领悟]
①We arrived at work in the morning and found that somebody had broken into the office during the night.
早上我们到达工作地点时发现有人在(前一天)晚上闯进了办公室。
②The police came and broke up the crowds.
警察来了，把人群驱散。
考点新组合
阅读微技能
　　Nowadays, the government is drawing our attention to the importance of protecting the environment. If only people could use some alternative means of transport, such as bikes, buses, etc, our living environment would become better. The non­official environmental organization ________ (refer) to just now advocates the use of bikes. I stick to riding a bike. I hope my behavior will make a little difference.
1.What's the author's attitude towards riding a bike？( A )
A.Favourable.　　B．Opposed.
C.Indifferent.　 　D．Objective.
2.在横线上用所给词的适当形式填空referred。

5．alternative adj.可供替代的，供选择的；其他的n.可供选择的事物；选择对象

(1)have no alternative but to do sth. 别无选择只好做某事
have the alternative of doing sth. 有做某事的选择
an alternative to ... ……的替代品
(2)alternatively adv. 可供选择地
[题点全练]　介词填空/用所给词的适当形式填空
①If you don't like the school lunch, you have the alternative of bringing your own.
②Natural gas is another abundant fuel that experts consider an alternative to gasoline.
③There were so many cars held up by the heavy rain on the road that we had no alternative but to_wait (wait)．
④Alternatively (alternative), you can squeeze fresh lemon juice onto the stain or use the bottled lemon juice.
[名师指津]　“别无选择只好做……”的其他表达形式还有： have no choice but to do sth.; can't do sth.but do sth.; can do nothing but do sth.。在这些结构中若but之前出现实义动词do的某种形式 (does, did, done), but之后要用省略to的动词不定式。
6．means n．手段，方法

(1)a means of (doing) sth.　 (做)某事的方法、途径
means of production/transport/communication
　　　　　 生产工具/运输工具/通信手段
(2)by means of 用，依靠；通过
by all means 无论如何；当然可以(口语)
by no means 决不；无论如何都不(位于句首，句子要倒装)
[多角练透]
用means的相关短语填空
①Thoughts are expressed by_means_of words.
②—Do you think their table tennis team will win the first place at the coming Asian Games?
—By_no_means. Ours is much stronger than theirs.
③—Can I come and have a look at your house?
—Yes, by_all_means.
句型转换
④This is by no means the first time you have been late.
→By no means is this the first time you have been late.
[名师指津]　means是一个单复数同形的名词，常与主谓一致结合起来进行考查。means 作主语，前有every, each, one 等修饰语时，谓语动词用单数；前有several, some, many, few, all等修饰语时，谓语动词用复数。
[联想发散]　表示“做某事的方法”的其他用法还有：
①the approach to (doing) sth.
②the way to do sth./of (doing) sth.
③the method of (doing) sth.
7．refer to指的是；谈及，提到；与……相关，涉及；查阅，参考
[练牢基点]　写出下列句中refer to的含义
①If you don't know the exact meaning of the word, you may refer to the dictionary.查阅，参考
②We all demanded the new type of machine referred to be used as soon as possible.提到
③The new law does not refer to land used for farming.涉及
④What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 2 refer to？指的是
[系统考点]
(1)refer to ...as ...　　　　　 把……称作……
refer ... to ... 把……提交给……
(2)reference n. 谈到，提及；参考，查阅
in/with reference to 关于
[练通重点]　完成句子
⑤The scientist referred_to_the_discovery_as the most exciting new development in this field.
这位科学家把这一发现称作是这个领域中最令人兴奋的新发展。
⑥In_reference_to your letter yesterday, we can't accept the offer.
关于你昨天的来信，我们不能接受信中的建议。
[名师指津]　look up表示“参考，查阅”时，其宾语多为word, information等；而refer to表示“参考，查阅”时，其宾语多为book, dictionary等。
⑦Don't always refer to the dictionary when coming across new words. Only if a word is very important can you look it up in your dictionary.
当遇到生单词时不要总是查词典，只有当一个单词非常重要时，你才可以在词典中查一下。
8．make a difference有作用(关系、影响)

make no/little difference to　 对……没有影响/作用
make some/much difference to 对……有些/很大影响/作用
tell the difference between A and B　 辨别A和B
[题点全练]　完成句子
①Only in this way can_we_make_a_difference_to the planet we live in.
只有这样我们才能对我们所生活的星球有所影响。
②It makes_no_difference_to_me whether he comes here or not.
他来与不来这里对我来说关系不大。
③The twins are so alike; it's difficult to tell_the_difference.
这对双胞胎长得太像了，很难分辨出来。
9．if only 引导的虚拟句
[教材原句]　If_only there were more people donating money to charities!
但愿有更多的人捐款给慈善机构！

if only意为“要是……就好了，但愿”，常用来表示强烈的愿望和遗憾，它引导的句子要用虚拟语气。
if only句式中虚拟语气的三种情况：
(1)表示与现在事实相反的愿望时使用if only sb. did/were ...
(2)表示与过去事实相反的愿望时使用if only sb. had done sth. ...
(3)表示与将来事实相反的愿望时使用if only sb. would/could do ...
①If only she would_listen_to me carefully at the meeting tomorrow.
但愿在明天的会上她能仔细听我讲话。
②If only I could_stay in Spain as an exchange student!
要是我能够在西班牙做一名交换生就好了！
③It's too bad that I failed in the math exam. If only I had_worked hard at it!
我数学考试不及格真是太糟糕了。要是我之前努力学习它就好了！
[名师指津]　only if表示“只有……”，引导条件状语从句。only if本身不是一个固定词组，only是副词，用来修饰整个if从句。若其引导的从句置于句首，且与主句之间没有逗号隔开，则主句要用倒装语序。
④In a word, only if you learn English by using it can_you_learn it well.
总之，只有通过使用英语的方法学英语，你才能学好它。
考点新组合
阅读微技能
　　Over 1 billion people lack food or education, living in poverty. The surroundings they live in are in chaos. What's worse, running water is difficult for them ❶________ (get) in some places. In addition, they can't acquire enough money to start their own business. To help them, there are still many things ❷worthy of being done. Let's start and make the world become especially better.
1.①处用所给词的适当形式填空to_get。
2.用worth改写②处worth_doing。

10．lack n. & vt.缺乏

(1)lack sth.　　　　　　 　　 　 　缺少某物
lack of 缺少……(名词短语)
(2)for lack of 因缺少……
no lack of ... 充足的……
(3)lacking adj. 缺乏的，不足的
be lacking in ...＝be short of ... 在……方面缺乏
[题点全练]　完成句子
①He was set free for_lack_of (因缺少) evidence.
②Though_lacking_money (尽管缺钱), his parents managed to send him abroad for further study.
③Now the problem is that we are_lacking_in_new_ideas (缺乏新思想)．
11．acquire vt.购得；获得，得到，取得

acquire sth.　　　　　　　　　 购得某物；得到某物
acquire a knowledge of ... 学会……，获得……知识
acquire a habit of ... 养成……的习惯
[多角练透]
单项填空
①In order to ________ a good knowledge of French, he gave up his job and went to study in a French school.
A．require　　　　　　 　B．inquire
C．acquire D．address
解析：选C　考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了精通法语，他放弃了工作，去一所法语学校学习。require“需要；要求”； inquire“询问；打听”； address“邮寄”； acquire a good knowledge of“精通；学好”。
完成句子
②We want people to acquire_the_habit_of (养成……的习惯) using public transport instead of their cars.
③The company has recently acquired_new_offices (购得了新办公室) in central London.
12．worthy adj.令人敬重的；值得的，相称的；有价值的
[练牢基点]　写出下列句中worthy的含义
①This is a worthy English­Chinese dictionary.有价值的
②Leeds United were worthy winners of the competition.令人敬重的
③Yuan Longping made great contributions to our country and his achievements are worthy of the highest praise.值得的
[系统考点]
(1)be worthy
(2)worth adj. 　　　 　　　 值……钱；值得……的
be worth
(3)worthwhile adj. 　　　　 值得花时间/金钱/精力的
值得做某事
[练通重点]
选词填空(worthy/worth/worthwhile)
④This article is well worth reading, but it is not worthy of being translated. So I feel that all your effort isn't worthwhile.
一句多译
这本参考书值得买，因为它对你的学习很有帮助。
⑤The reference book is_worth_buying,_because it is a great help for your study.(worth)
⑥The reference book is_worthy_to_be_bought,_because it is a great help for your study.(worthy)
⑦The reference book is_worthy_of_being_bought,_because it is a great help for your study.(worthy)
⑧It_is_worthwhile_buying/to_buy the reference book, because it is a great help for your study.(worthwhile)
13．主语＋be＋adj.＋动词不定式
[教材原句]　This_land_was_difficult_to_farm but now water has been pumped into the fields.
这块地过去难以耕种，但现在水已经被抽进了地里。

此结构中，动词不定式用主动形式表示被动意义。使用此结构应注意：
(1)常用形容词有：difficult, hard, easy, comfortable, (im)possible, pleasant, interesting, exciting等。
(2)动词不定式和句子的主语之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系；若动词不定式为不及物动词，其后必须要加相应的介词。
①The football match is interesting to_watch.
这场足球赛看起来很有趣。
②The story is very interesting for the students to_read.
这个故事对学生来说读起来很有趣。
③Our new English teacher is easy to_get_along_with.
我们的新英语老师很容易相处。
④The armchair looks rather hard, but in fact it is very comfortable to_sit_in.
这把扶手椅看上去很硬，但坐上去很舒服。


[单元语基落实]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Would you tell me the general description (描写) of your present job?
2．Many young workers gave up their days off to do voluntary (志愿的) labor.
3．If you want to acquire (学得) profound knowledge, you must start from the ABC.
4．China exports (出口) many raw materials to foreign countries every year.
5．The matter is urgent (紧急的) and something has got to be done about it at once.
6．All over the world many people still suffer from starvation (挨饿)．
7．He spent his childhood in the remote (遥远的) mountain area.
8．Unfortunately, they lost all their possessions (财产) in the fire.
9．We have obtained (得到) permission from the directors to use some of our funds.
10．He did not want his life to be prolonged by artificial means (方式)．
11．Staff (全体员工) are encouraged to use the library for professional self­development.
12．The government provides them with not only food and shelter (避难所), but also the basic skills for their living.
13．We need to encourage more people to take up the project because it lacks (缺少) labor force.
14．Apart from what you have mentioned above, do you have any alternative (供选择的) suggestions?
15．Before my best friend went abroad, he sent me a book as a gift, which always reminded (提醒) me of him.
Ⅱ.单项填空
1．—Call me at 9：00.I can't afford to miss such a conference.
—Don't worry, sir.You'll surely be ________.
A．reminded　　　　　　　 　B．warned
C．informed D．remembered
解析：选A　答语句意：别担心，先生！我们肯定会提醒你的。remind“提醒”；warn“警告”；inform“通知，告诉”；remember“记得”。只有A项符合题意。
2．Many people believe that hunger is only a problem in the developing countries.________， it is a problem all over the world.
A．For one thing B．In addition
C．As well D．On the contrary
解析：选D　考查介词短语辨析。句意：很多人认为饥饿只是发展中国家的问题。相反，这是一个世界性的问题。for one thing“首先；其一(用来列举理由)”；in addition“另外；除此之外”；as well“还”；on the contrary“正相反”。根据句意可知应选D。
3．It was a difficult job for him.He had tried everything but it made little ________.
A．use B．good
C．difference D．result
解析：选C　考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个工作对他来说有点难，他做了各种各样的努力，但没有什么成效。make a difference“起作用；有影响”，此处的make little difference表示“没有多大作用”，符合题意。
4．Yesterday, the boss demanded that the problems ________ paid special attention to at the meeting.
A．referred to being B．referred to be
C．refer to being D．refer to be
解析：选B　句意：昨天，老板要求在会议上谈到的问题应引起特别注意。refer to的宾语是the problems，并作the problems的后置定语，它们之间是动宾关系，故用被动语态。demand意为“要求”时，宾语从句中的谓语动词常用“(should＋)动词原形”。故选B项。
5．Old­fashioned phones matter when wireless networks ________ in disasters.
A．turn down B．turn out
C．break down D．break out
解析：选C　考查动词短语辨析。句意：在灾难中，当无线网络出故障时，老式的电话意义重大。turn down“调小(声音)；拒绝(提议)”；turn out“最后结果是”；break down“停止转动；出故障”；break out“爆发；突然发生”。根据句意可知，应选C项。
6．Would you like to have a meeting about the matter this afternoon? ________， we could discuss it at dinner.
A．Alternatively B．Precisely
C．Reasonably D．Practically
解析：选A　句意：就这件事，下午开个会好吗？或者晚饭时间边吃边谈？alternatively“非此即彼，二者选一地”；precisely“精确地”；reasonably“合理地”；practically“实际地”。根据句意可知选A。
7．—Do you think he is the only person for the job?
—I'm not quite sure but he'll prove ________ to the task.
A．equal B．essential
C．special D．superior
解析：选A　句意：“你认为他是适合这份工作的唯一人选吗？”“我不确定，但是他会证明自己能胜任这份工作的。”be equal to “与……相等，胜任”，符合句意。essential“基本的，必要的”；special“专门的，特别的”；be superior to“优于，胜过”。
8．(2020届高三·江苏名校联考)The text is too difficult. The explanation of our teacher will help make it easy ________.
A．to understand B．to be understood
C．understood D．understanding
解析：选A　句意：这篇文章太难了，我们老师的解释会使它易于理解。此处用动词不定式的主动表示被动。此种用法常用于“be＋性质形容词＋不定式”结构中，此类形容词有easy, hard, interesting等。
9．Nowadays, more and more senior people in China prefer to raise pets, which has been proven to make positive ________ to a senior citizen's life.
A．contributions B．patterns
C．competitions D．privileges
解析：选A　句意：如今，越来越多的中国老年人喜欢养宠物，这已经被证明对老年人的生活有积极的促进作用。contribution“贡献，促进作用”，符合句意。pattern“模式”；competition“竞赛”；privilege“荣幸”。
10．(2019·常州模拟)On Nov. 11, Alibaba sold more than 127 billion yuan ________ goods on its e­commerce platforms Tao bao. com and Tmall, making headlines all over the world.
A．worth of B．sum of
C．value for D．profit for
解析：选A　worth of“值……价的”，形容词短语作后置定语。此处指所售物品的总价格，而非价值，不可误选value。
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．By_no_means_will I make the same mistake.
我决不会再犯同样的错误。
2．The pills might have cured him, if_only_he_had_taken_them_regularly.
他要是按时服用这些药丸，本来是可能治得好的。
3．Sometimes a small act of kindness can_make_a_difference_to others' life.
有时候一个小小的善举可能对别人的生活产生影响。
4．The problem you_referred_to_is_difficult_to_solve.
你提及的这个问题难以解决。
5．Finally, some good English study websites contribute_a_lot_to_my_improvement_in_English.
最后，一些好的英语学习网站对我英语水平的提高起了很大作用。
Ⅳ.课文段落大意概括
阅读本单元Reading部分，试着以约30个词概括第二段(P50，L9－15)的段落大意。
This paragraph mainly tells us when the United Nations was founded and its member countries. At the same time, we can also learn something about the four main functions of this organization.