2020版新一线高考英语（新题型人教版）一轮复习教学案：第1部分必修5Unit5　Firstaid

Unit 5　First aid

[单词　拼写应用]

核心单词

1．aid n．& vt.帮助；援助；资助

2．barrier n．屏障；障碍(物)

3．organ n. 器官

4．vital adj.至关重要的；生死攸关的

5．pour vt.& vi.倒；灌；注；涌

6．ceremony n．典礼；仪式；礼节

7．treat vi.& vt.治疗，对待，款待

n．款待；招待

8．ambulance n．救护车

9．temporary adj.暂时的；临时的

10．squeeze vt.& vi.榨；挤；压榨

[语境运用]　用所给词的适当形式填空。

1．Men and women must be treated(treat) equally in education and employment.

2．My brother knows little English，which is one of the barriers(barrier) in looking for a job.

3．Alice sat on the sofa quietly with tears pouring(pour) down her face.

4．A terrible accident must have happened there，for two ambulances (ambulance) rushed to the spot just now.

5．Tom took off his wet clothes and squeezed (squeeze)the water out.

拓展单词

1．press v．压，按→pressure n．压力；挤压；压迫(感)

2．injure vt.受伤→injury n．损伤；伤害

3．poison n．毒药；毒害vt.毒害；使中毒→poisonous adj.有毒的

4．vary v．变化→ various adj.各种各样的→variety n．变化；多样(化)；多变(性)

5．mild adj.轻微的；温和的；温柔的→mildly adv.轻微地；温和地

6．swell vi.& vt. (使)膨胀；隆起→swollen adj.肿胀的

7．tight adj.牢的；紧的；紧密的→tightly adv.紧地；牢牢地

8．firm adj.(动作)稳定有力的；坚定的→firmly adv.坚固地；稳定地

9．apply vt.涂；敷；搽；应用；运用vi.申请；请求；使用；有效→applicant n．申请人→application n．申请

10．brave adj.勇敢的→bravely adv.勇敢地→bravery n．勇敢；勇气

[语境运用]　用所给词的适当形式填空。

1．He got injured during the football match and the injury was serious.(injure)

2．The people in the flooded area fought bravely against the natural disaster.Their bravery deserved to be praised.(brave)

3．Don't press me any longer.These days，I can't fall asleep because the coming final exam is putting great pressure on me.(press)

4．The applicants who want to apply for the position should hand in their applications.(apply)

5．We like to live a life full of variety and our tastes are various.(vary)

阅读词汇

1．bleed vi.& vt. 流血

2．ankle  n． 踝(关节)

3．choke vi.& vt.  (使)噎住；(使)窒息

4．cupboard  n． 橱柜；衣柜

5．skin  n． 皮；皮肤

6．ray  n． 光线；射线

7．liquid  n． 液体

8．radiation  n． 辐射；射线

9．tissue n． (生物)组织；薄的织物；手巾纸

10．scissors n．(pl.) 剪刀

11．throat n． 咽喉；喉咙

12．symptom n． 症状；征兆

13．damp  adj. 潮湿的

14．sleeve  n． 袖子

15．blouse  n． 女衬衫

拓展联想

1.“帮助”家族

①aid n．& vt.帮助；援助

②favour n．帮助；好意

③assist vt.帮助；协助

④assistance n．帮助；协助

⑤support n．& vt.支持；帮助

⑥sponsor vt.赞助

2.“­ure”后缀的高频名词小结

①pressure  压力

②pleasure  乐事；快乐

③exposure  暴露；揭发

④failure  失败

⑤mixture  混合物

⑥signature  签名

3.受伤/病症状集合

①symptom n．症状；征兆

②swollen adj.肿胀的

③bleed v．流血

④allergic adj.过敏的

⑤fever n．发烧

⑥flu n．流感

熟词生义

你知道下面句子中黑体词的汉语意思吗？

1．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)Bradford sold the building and land to a local development firm, which plans to build a shopping complex on the land where the theater is located. 综合大楼

2．(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)By the time the group got up to leave，it was pouring outside.下大雨；大雨滂沱

3．Choking back tears, he said Mary died in his arms. 强忍住；克制

[短语　多维应用]

高频短语

1．first aid(对伤患者的)急救

2．fall ill  生病

3．make a difference  区别对待；有影响；起(重要)作用

4．over and over again  反复；多次

5．act as  担任

[语境运用]　选用上边短语的适当形式填空。

In our daily life，we often need to do some temporary treatments when someone is mildly burnt，①falls ill or becomes poisoned suddenly.In order to perform ②first aid properly，we must know about a variety of common symptoms and practice the first aid process ③over and over again.In a word，first aid can ④make a difference in our life.

6．squeeze out榨出；挤出

7．in place  在适当的位置；适当

8．prevent ...from ...  阻止……

9．put one's hands on  找到

10．a knowledge of  懂……；了解……

[语境运用]　选用上边短语的适当形式填空。

⑤A knowledge of common practices for first aid is vital in our daily life.If a person is drowning，you must ⑥squeeze out the water in his stomach at first.As for bleeding badly，⑦put your hands on a clean handkerchief or a piece of cloth，press it on the bleeding point and hold it ⑧in place.The way to deal with being poisoned by the gas is to open the doors and windows to let the fresh air in.

拓展联想

1.“make a＋n.”短语荟萃

①make a difference 区别对待；有影响

②make a mistake  弄错

③make a decision   做决定

④make a promise  许诺

⑤make  a discovery一个发现

⑥make a face做鬼脸

⑦make a noise     制造噪音

⑧make a comment  作评论

2．“in＋n.”短语大聚会

①in danger在危险中

②in trouble 处于困境中

③in debt    负债，欠账

④in sight   能看到，在视线之内

⑤in surprise 吃惊地

⑥in case 以防

⑦in turn反过来

⑧in order秩序井然

[句式　结构仿写]

精讲4个考纲单词

1．aid n．& vt.帮助；援助；资助

(1)单句语法填空

①Neighbours aided him with money when he almost lost everything in the fire.

②He is so kind a boy that he often aided his mother to clean(clean) the table, even the furniture.

③The moment he saw the poor little boy on TV，he determined to aid him in continuing(continue) his study.

(2)[链接写作]——完成句子

在我们英语老师的帮助下，这学期我们取得了很大的进步。

With the aid/help of our English teacher，we have made great progress this term.

先理解再牢记

(1)first aid急救

with the aid of在……帮助下；借助于

come/go to sb.'s aid来(去)帮助某人

(2)aid sb.to do.../in doing...帮助某人做……

aid sb. with...帮助某人……

[佳句背诵]　She believes the story might have had a different ending if those good people had not come to her aid.

2.vital adj.至关重要的；生死攸关的

(1)单句语法填空

①Enough sleep is vital to/for the students' physical and mental health.

②As far as I'm concerned, it is vital to keep (keep) accurate records.

(2)[链接写作]——一句多译

重要的是我们应从失败中吸取教训。

①What's vital is that we should learn something from failure.(主语从句)

②It's vital that we should learn something from failure.(it作形式主语)

先理解再牢记

be vital for/to sth.对……极为重要

It is vital that sb. (should) do sth....……是极重要的

It is vital to do sth.做某事很重要

[名师点津]　It is necessary/vital/important that...(should) do sth., should 可以省略。

3.treatvt.& vi.治疗；对待；款待n.款待；招待

(1)单句语法填空

①(2016·天津卷)After years of regular treatment (treat), she finally became healthy.

②I'll treat you to lunch at the restaurant in front of our school.

(2)[链接写作]——句式升级

(普通表达)If the patient was treated in a proper way，he was likely to be saved.

①(高级表达)If treated in a proper way，the patient was likely to be saved.(省略句)

②(高级表达)Treated in a proper way，the patient was likely to be saved.(分词作状语)

先理解再牢记

(1)treat...as...把……当……看待

treat sth. seriously  认真对待某事/物

treat sb./oneself to  用……款待某人/自己

(2)It's my treat.我请客。

(3)under treatment在治疗中

[佳句背诵]　Our teachers are kind to us and treat us as their friends.

[联想发散]　“把……当……看待”的表达形式：treat...as；regard...as；think of...as等。

4．apply  vi.申请；请求；使用

(1)单句语法填空

①I'd appreciate it if you can take my application (apply) into account at your convenience.

②You must be aware that this rule can't be applied (apply) to every case.

③Now that you have a good command of English, you can apply for the job.

(2)[链接写作]——句式升级

(普通表达)If you apply yourself to your study，you will pass your exam.

①(高级表达)Apply yourself to your study，and you will pass your exam.(祈使句)

②(高级表达)Applying yourself to your study，you will pass your exam.(分词作状语)

先理解再牢记

(1)apply...to...把……运用到……中；把……涂到……上

apply to...适应……；适用于……

apply (to...) for...  (向……)申请……

apply oneself to  集中精力于

(2)application n．申请书，应用

applicant n．申请人

[熟词生义]　Please clean the wound with a clean cloth and then apply the medicine to it.(vt.涂；敷)

诠释2个核心短语

1．in place在适当的位置；适当

(1)单句语法填空

①Some of these books are out of place，making the whole room messy.

②Mary took the place of Tom to arrange the meeting which would take place in the company.

③You'd better put things back in place.Otherwise，it will be difficult to find them.

(2)[链接写作]——词汇升级

(普通表达)Firstly, with a good command of English, I'm quite qualified for the job.

(高级表达)In the first place, with a good command of English, I'm quite qualified for the job.

先理解再牢记

(1)out of place不在适当位置；不合适

in place of  代替；取代

in the first place  首先；第一点

(2)take place  发生

take one's place  就座；代替

take the place of  代替；取代

[联想发散]　“首先”的表达形式：firstly，to begin with，in the first place；at first 等。

2.make a difference区别对待；有影响；起(重要)作用

(1)单句语法填空

①What you have said will make no difference to the naughty boy.

②The twins are so alike；it's difficult to tell the difference between them.

(2)[链接写作]——词汇升级

(普通表达)I will help to clean up the roadside litter whenever possible. I hope my behaviors will work.

(高级表达)I will help to clean up the roadside litter whenever possible.I hope my behaviors will make a difference.

先理解再牢记

(1)make a difference to对……有作用/有影响

make some/no/little difference (to...)

(对……)有/没作用或影响

(2)tell the difference (between...and...)

辨别/区分(……与……)

[佳句背诵]　Only when we match our words with actions can we make a difference in our life.

突破2个高考句型

1．(教材P34)Remove clothing using scissors if necessary unless it is stuck to the burn.

除非衣服粘贴在烧伤面上，否则都要把衣服脱掉。如果需要的话，可以使用剪刀。

[要点提炼]　unless引导条件状语从句。

(1)单句语法填空

①She says that she will have to close the shop unless business improves.

②Unless the weather gets (get) better, I will stay at home.

(2)[链接写作]——句式升级

(普通表达)I won't attend the party to be held tomorrow unless I'm invited.

(高级表达)I won't attend the party to be held tomorrow unless invited.

先理解再牢记

(1)unless意为“除非；如果不”，引导一个肯定的条件状语从句，可与if...not引导的否定状语从句互换。

(2)unless引导的条件状语从句常用一般现在时表示将来意义，主句多用一般将来时。

(3)在unless引导的条件状语从句中，主语和部分谓语有时可以省略。

[佳句背诵]　It is known to all that unless you exercise regularly, you won't keep fit.

2.(教材P38)John was studying in his room when he heard screaming.约翰正在房间里学习，这时他听到了尖叫声。

[要点提炼]　be doing ...when ...正在做某事……这时。

(1)单句语法填空

①The professor had just finished his speech when students rushed out of the classroom.

②We were discussing(discuss) the problem when there was a power failure.

(2)[链接写作]——一句多译

我正要放弃，这时我最好的朋友鼓励我继续下去。

①I was about to give up when my best friend encouraged me to go on.(be about to)

②I was on the point of giving up when my best friend encouraged me to go on.(be on the point of)

先理解再牢记

(1)be doing...when...正在……这时……

(2)be about to do...when...  正打算做……这时……

(3)be on the point of doing...when...

正要……这时……

(4)had just done...when...刚做了……这时(突然)……

[佳句背诵]　The children were playing football happily on the playground when it began to rain heavily.

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．The project, unless approved (approve) by the government, will not be carried out soon.

2．I was about to call the editor when I found my cellphone missing.

3．Susan fell (fall) ill on vacation, which was really unlucky.

4．The girl lay on the ground, and bled ( bleed) heavily.

5．It's I who would like to apply for the position，vice president of  our school English club.

6．These men made themselves famous for their courage and bravery(brave)．

7．They have earned lots of money，so I firmly(firm) believe that the business is a success.

8．There's no denying that the attack did a severe injury(injure) to his reputation.

9．It is essential that these application forms should be sent (send) back as early as possible.

10．The global warming, if not properly controlled (control), might lead to more natural disasters.

Ⅱ.课文语法填空

根据P33－35课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

There are three types of burns.They 1.are called(call) first，second or third degree burns，2.depending(depend) on which layers of the skin are burned.

First degree burns affect only the top layer of the skin.These burns are not serious and should feel 3.better(good) within a day or two.Examples include mild sunburn and burns caused by 4.touching(touch) a hot pan，stove or iron for a moment.

Second degree burns affect 5.both the top and the second layer of the skin.These burns are serious 6.and take a few weeks 7.to heal(heal)．Examples include severe sunburn and burns 8.caused (cause) by hot liquids.

Third degree burns affect all three layers of the skin and any tissue and organs 9.under the skin.Examples include burns caused by electric shocks，burning clothes，or severe petrol fires.These burns cause very severe 10.injuries(injure) and the victim must go to hospital at  once.

Ⅲ.读后续写

阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。

Funny how you can always tell when somebody's laughing behind your back.Jodie hadn't really heard anything，maybe a whisper，but when she turned around，the girls in the back row of the class were looking at her，trying to hide smiles and laughs.She looked back at her teacher—Mr.Swales— was talking about what people do all day.He also wanted to find out what his students wanted to be when they grew up.He called on Billy Mitzer first.

“My daddy works in a bank，” Billy Mitzer said.“I guess I want to work in a bank too.There's lots of money in the bank.”

“My parents have a grocery store，” Emmy DiSalvo said.“Papa's behind the counter and Mama keeps the cash register.But I want to be an airline pilot.”

Jodie liked it when Mr.Swales asked them questions like this.He was about to call on Jodie when the girls in the back row burst out laughing.

Shirley Danes yelled，“Jodie's Daddy is a garbage man！”

Everybody in the class laughed out loud.Everybody except Jodie，that is.She felt her face turn bright red.She looked around the whole classroom.Everyone was laughing.Some kids were even holding their noses.

Jodie looked at Mr.Swales.He was angry.He almost never raised his voice，but now he did.

“Silence！I want everybody to quiet down this instant.”

The laughter stopped immediately.The sound of cars and people going by out on the street came through the windows.“You should be ashamed of yourselves，” Mr.Swales said.“Being a garbage man...I mean，is a difficult and enormously useful job.We should all be grateful to Mr.Harris.Where would we be without him? Up to our ears in garbage，that's where.How would you like that？”

“It's not funny，” Mr.Swales went on.“Garbage is a serious matter.I think you all owe Jodie an apology.And after that，you're all going to write Jodie's father，Mr.Harris，a nice letter to tell him how much you appreciate what he does for all of us.In other words，keeping our city clean.”

注意：

1．所续写短文的词数应为150左右；

2．至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；

3．续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；

4．续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。

Paragraph 1：

Everyone said “Sorry，Jodie”，but Jodie could tell they didn't really mean it.

Paragraph 2：

Jodie's father came to walk her home from school as usual.     

【参考范文】

Paragraph 1：

Everyone said “Sorry，Jodie”，but Jodie could tell they didn't really mean it. Jodie also knew nobody wanted to write her father a letter.Her face was burning red and she felt like crying.Mr.Swales came to her desk and patted her shoulder.“Let's go out in the hall while everyone's writing those letters so we can have a private talk.” Jodie started crying out in the hall.“I'm sorry this happened，” Mr.Swales said.“But remember，hard work done well is something to be proud of.”

Paragraph 2：

Jodie's father came to walk her home from school as usual.She didn't run up to him the way she always did.When they were up in their home，Jodie went to her little room and cried for a good long time before she did her homework.Mr.Harris came into her room.“What happened，Jodie? Why are you so sad？” Jodie told her father what had happened and looked at him.He didn't seem angry or hurt.He laughed and said，“Although my work seems to be a humble one，my devotion to the job will be everlasting.”