2020版新一线高考英语（译林版）一轮复习教学案：第1部分选修8Unit1　Thewrittenword



　Unit 1　The written word

[单词　拼写应用]
核心单词
1．reputation n．名誉，名声
2．desperate adj.铤而走险的，拼命的，绝望的；非常需要，渴望
3．rescue n．& vt.救援，营救
4．intend vt.&vi.打算，计划，想要
5．adore vt.热爱，喜爱，爱慕
6．abuse vt.虐待；辱骂；滥用
7．debt n．债务，欠款
[语境运用]　用所给词的适当形式填空
1．She adores(adore) working with children.
2．He felt they had abused(abuse) his trust by talking about him to the press.
3．The child was rescued(rescue) from the fire，but died soon after of terrible burns.
4．We finished later than we had intended(intend)．
5．I need to pay off all my debts(debt) before I leave the country.
拓展单词
1．poet n．诗人→poetry n．诗歌→poetic adj.诗歌的，诗的→poetess n．女诗人
2．character n．人物，角色；性格→characteristic n．特征，特点 adj.典型的，独特的，特有的
3．novel n．小说→novelist n．小说家
4．crime n．罪行，犯罪行为→criminal n．罪犯 adj.犯罪的，犯法的；刑法的，刑事的
5．tense adj.令人紧张的；神经紧张的；绷紧的→tension n．紧张气氛；紧张，烦躁；矛盾，对立
6．generous adj.慷慨的，大方的；宽厚的，仁慈的→generously adv.慷慨地；大方地→generosity n．慷慨，大方；宽宏大量
7．violent adj.暴力的，粗暴的；猛烈的，强烈的→violence n．暴力，暴行→violently adv.强烈地，激烈地
8．resist vi.&vt.反抗，抵制，抵挡→resistant adj.有抵抗力的→resistance n．反抗，抵抗，抗拒
9．unite vi.&vt.联合，团结，统一，联手→reunite vt.&vi.(使)重逢，再相聚；(使)再结合，再联合→united adj.联合的，统一的→unity n．团结一致，联合(体)，统一(体)
[语境运用]　用所给词的适当形式填空
1．The robbers hit them violently. They couldn't bear it any more so they decided to answer violence with violence and began their violent fightback. (violent)
2．These crimes were committed largely by professional criminals who lived by crime．All citizens should help the police in tracking the criminals down. (crime)
3．After years of united efforts，the three countries found themselves united peacefully instead of by war. They took pride in their unity. Imagine the joyful scene when they were reunited with their former relatives and friends.(unite)
4．He is a kind and generous old man and he generously contributed a lot of money to the village primary school last week. His generosity is worth admiring.(generous)
5．The material，which is resistant to many chemicals，has good resistance to shock. However，some building bosses resist using it because of high costs.(resist)
6．Facing the tense atmosphere，I wanted to scream，for the tension became unbearable.(tense)
7．I'm reading a novel The Mill on the Floss，which was written by the famous novelist，George Eliot.(novel)
阅读词汇
1．bookworm n．极爱读书的人，书迷，书虫　　　　　
2．antique n．古董，文物
3．rigid adj.死板的，固执的；坚硬的，僵直的
4．author n．作者
5．theme n．主题，主题思想；主题音乐
6．millionaire n．百万富翁
7．home-made adj.自制的；家里做的；国产的
8．sneaker n．运动鞋
9．brand new adj.全新的，崭新的
10．modern-day adj.现代的；当代的
11．supreme adj.最高的，至高无上的
12．widow n．遗孀，寡妇
拓展联想
1．“主题”公园
①theme　 ②subject
③issue ④topic
2．“信”相关词集合
①envelope n．信封
②stamp n．邮票
③address vt.写姓名地址
④post v．寄出，邮寄
⑤mailbox n．邮箱
⑥letter n．书信
⑦post office 邮局
3.“debt”用法展示
①be in heavy debt＝be deep in debt 负债累累
②in debt to sb.＝in sb.'s debt 欠某人的人情/债
③be/get out of debt 摆脱债务
④get into debt 负债
⑤pay off debt 还清债务
⑥owe sb.a debt 欠某人一笔债
4.“个性描述”常用形容词
①generous 大方的，慷慨的
②mean 小气的；吝啬的
③warm-hearted 热心肠的
④easy-going 脾气温和的
⑤gentle 温和的，温柔的
⑥selfless 无私的
⑦honest 诚实的
⑧stubborn 固执的
⑨open-minded 虚心的；思想开明的
⑩cruel 残酷的；残忍的
[短语　多维应用]
高频短语
1．on the run 躲避；忙碌，不停地奔波
2．touch on 谈及，涉及
3．appeal to 吸引；呼吁
4．in tune 音调准确；演奏合调
5．let out 放大；泄露；发出
[语境运用]　选用左边短语的适当形式填空
Mr White is my uncle living in the countryside. He is always ①on the run every day to earn money.When ②touching on his dream，he said he would build a school in the village to get all the children to be educated. He ③appeals to people to help him realize his dream.

6．live up to 达到，符合(期望)
7．bent on (doing) sth. 决心做某事
8．focus...on... 把……集中在……
9．(be) based on 以……为基础
10．compare...to... 把……比作……
[语境运用]　选用左边短语的适当形式填空
Watching the instructive film，Tom was deeply moved and regretted his wasting so much time.He ④was bent on changing himself and ⑤focused his attention on his studies，which made his parents very happy. He said he would try his best to ⑥live up to their expectations.

11．come to one's rescue 救援某人，帮助某人
12．be intended to be/do sth. 目的是作为某物/做某事
13．give away 泄露；出卖；分发
14．consist of 由……组成
15．under the control of 在……控制下
[语境运用]　选用左边短语的适当形式填空
Mr Smith，my neighbour，is a kind-hearted man，who is always ready to ⑦come to others' rescue，and often ⑧gives away old clothes，books and money to the poor.Last year，he set up a group ⑨consisting of 8 people，which ⑩is intended to help those in need.
拓展联想
1．“be＋adj.＋on”短语荟萃
①be dependent on 依赖于
②be keen on 热衷于
③be tough on 严格对待
④be bent on 决心……
⑤be based on 以……为基础
⑥be hard on 对……苛刻
⑦be impressed on 对……印象深刻
2.“v.＋on”短语集锦
①touch on 涉及
②take on 雇用；呈现；承担
③put on 上演；穿上
④hold on 不挂断电话
⑤focus on 专注于
⑥concentrate on 专注于
⑦act on 对……起作用
⑧depend on 取决于
⑨insist on 坚持
⑩work on 操作
3．“控制，掌管”家族
①in control of 控制，掌管
②take control of 控制，掌控
③in charge of 掌管，控制
④in the charge of 由……掌管
⑤under the control of 在……控制下
[句式　结构仿写]
教材原句背诵
句式仿写应用
1．“使役动词/感官动词＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构。
This makes them difficult for some people to read，so they are often left to gather dust on shelves.
夏天让我充满活力，我觉得我有力量做我生活中最困难的事情。
Summer makes me full of energy and I feel I have the strength to do the most difficult things in my life.
2.would rather do...than do...宁愿做……也不愿做……。
Pip's sister often abuses him，but Joe is a kind and simple man who would rather die than see any harm come to Pip.
我宁愿去游览长江，也不愿爬泰山。
I would rather travel along the Yangtze River than climb Mount Tai.
3.“ get＋动词-ed形式”既可作被动结构也可作系表结构，作被动结构时，强调动作的发生；作系表结构时，强调状态的变化。
Oliver gets arrested by the police and is taken to court.
现在越来越多的人对剪纸感兴趣。
Nowadays，more and more people are getting interested in paper-cutting.


精讲5个考纲词汇
1．desperate adj.铤而走险的，拼命的，绝望的；非常需要，渴望
(1)单句语法填空
①We're all pulling for each other because we're desperate to win(win) the Cup back.
②She desperately(desperate) wanted to win her father's approval.
(2)[链接写作]——词汇升级
(普通表达)We always long to live in peace with all the other countries in the world.
(高级表达)We are always desperate to live in peace with all the other countries in the world.
先理解再牢记
(1)be desperate for sth.渴望某物
be desperate to do sth.渴望做某事
in desperate need of 非常需要
(2)desperately adv.极其，非常；绝望地
[佳句背诵]　The unattended children are in desperate need of love and attention.
2.resist vi.&vt.反抗，抵制，抵挡
(1)单句语法填空
①Among them are special windows that are resistant(resist) to dirt and water.
②They find these kinds of things extremely boring，and they will resist doing (do) them.
③Generally those who exercise regularly have high resistance to diseases.
(2)[链接写作]——词汇升级
(普通表达)The boy couldn't help showing off his being praised by the teacher on arriving home.
(高级表达)The boy couldn't resist showing off his being praised by the teacher on arriving home.
先理解再牢记
(1)resist doing sth.反对做某事
can't resist doing sth.＝can't help doing sth.忍不住做某事
(2)be resistant to 对……有抵抗力
(3)resistance to...对……的抵制
[佳句背诵]　Some government officials weren't resistant to the temptation of money，and were punished by law in the end.
3.rescue n．&vi.&vt.救援，营救
(1)单句语法填空
①A big rescue operation has been launched for a ship missing in the English Channel.
②When you are in danger，we'll come to your rescue.
(2)[链接写作]——词汇升级
(普通表达)Helicopters saved nearly 20 people from the roof of the burning building.
(高级表达)Helicopters rescued nearly 20 people from the roof of the burning building.
先理解再牢记
(1)come/go to sb.'s rescue 前来/去救某人
(2)rescue sb.from...从……营救某人
rescue sth.from...使某物免于……
[佳句背诵]　Some experts appealed to people to rescue many species from extinction.
4.reputation n．名誉；声望；名声
(1)单句语法填空
①A Beijing resident said，“I often buy food and other products that are popular and have a good reputation.”
②The store has a very good reputation for fair dealing.
(2)[链接写作]——词汇升级
(普通表达)The director is well known/famous for his excellent films in the world.
(高级表达)The director has a good reputation for his excellent films in the world.
先理解再牢记
have a good/bad reputation 名声好/坏
have a reputation for sth.因……而著名，以……闻名
live up to one's reputation 名不虚传；名副其实
lose/ruin one's reputation 名誉扫地
earn/establish/build a reputation 赢得/确立/树立声誉
be of great/good/high reputation 很有声望的；享有盛名的
[佳句背诵]　He is an outstanding leader who lives up to his reputation.
5．intend vt.&vi.打算，计划，想要
(1)单句语法填空
①I intend to continue/continuing(continue) it and see the job through to the finish.
②They intended a large sum of money for the development of the tourist industry.
③His visit was intended(intend) to strengthen ties between the two countries last year.
④We come here with the intention of learning knowledge.
(2)[链接写作]——完成句子
这本书是为儿童写的。
The book is intended for children.
先理解再牢记
(1)intend to do/doing sth.打算做某事
had intended to do sth.本来打算做某事
intend sb.to do sth.打算让某人做某事
intend sth.for...为……准备某物
(2)intended adj.故意的，有意的；打算中的
be intended for 为……准备/设计的
be intended to be/do sth.目的是作为某物/做某事
(3)intention n．意图，目的，企图
have no intention of...无意……
with the intention of doing/to do...抱有做……的目的/打算
[联想发散]　had intended to do sth.表示“本打算做而实际没有做的事”。类似用法的动词还有：mean(计划)，hope(希望)，want(想要)，plan(计划)，wish(希望)，consider(考虑)等。
诠释2个核心短语
1．be bent on(doing) sth.决心做某事(通常指坏事)；一心想要做某事
(1)写出下列句中be bent on (doing) sth.的含义
①The reason why she is bent on becoming an actress is still unknown to us all.一心想要做某事
②I am bent on changing myself and work hard at English from now on.决心做某事
(2)单句改错(每句仅有一处错误)
①He bent on winning at all costs，which surprised all of us.He后加was
②Most people bend on fate，but I don't.on→to
先理解再牢记
bend one's mind/efforts/thoughts to sth.专心于某事物
bend (sb.) to sth.(迫使某人)屈从
bend the truth 歪曲事实
[联想发散]　“决心做某事”的表达还有：
①make up one's mind to do sth.
②decide/determine to do sth.
③be determined to do sth.
④make a decision to do sth.
2.live up to 达到，符合(期望)；不辜负；遵守(诺言)
(1)写出下列句中live up to的含义
①Had she lived up to her promise，she would have made it to Yale University.遵守(诺言)
②He failed to live up to his parents' expectations.不辜负
③The team called “The Hopers”certainly lived up to its name.达到，符合(期望)
(2)[链接写作]——完成句子
靠他的薪水生活越来越难了。
It was becoming more and more difficult to live on his salary．(live on)
先理解再体会
live on 以……为生，继续存在
live out 活过；实践；实现；住在外面
live with 忍受，容忍
live through 经历艰难或险境而幸存
live a...life 过着……的生活
[佳句背诵]　Looking back，I don't know how I live with those years.
突破1个高考句型
(教材P3)Pip's sister often abuses him，but Joe is a kind and simple man who would rather die than see any harm come to Pip.皮普的姐姐经常辱骂他，但乔却是一个淳朴、善良的人，他宁愿死也不愿意看到皮普受到任何伤害。
[句型公式]　would rather do...than do...宁愿做……也不愿做……
(1)单句语法填空
①We would rather make(make) delicious dumplings with our own hands than buy(buy) some for them.
②I would rather you hadn't known(not know)it.
(2)[链接写作]——一句多译
为了过低碳生活，越来越多的人宁愿骑自行车，也不愿开车。
①To live a low-carbon life，more and more people would rather ride a bicycle than drive．(would rather...than)
②To live a low-carbon life，more and more people would ride a bicycle rather than drive．(would do...rather than)
③To live a low-carbon life，more and more people prefer to ride a bicycle rather than drive．(prefer to...rather than)
④To live a low-carbon life，more and more people prefer riding a bicycle to driving．(prefer...to...)
先理解再体会
(1)would rather 常用于以下句型：

(2)would rather后跟宾语从句时，从句用虚拟语气：

[佳句背诵]　I would rather you forgot the unpleasant experience in the city.


Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．I have a sweet tooth and can't resist eating(eat) chocolate and ice cream.
2．He was so desperate for a job that he would have done anything.
3．The fisherman made it a rule never to cast his net more than four times a day.
4．Henry would rather that his girlfriend worked(work) in the same department as he does.
5．We have contributed a lot of food and clothing to the refugees，which will help them live through the winter.
6．We must bring the criminal(crime) who killed the writer to justice，try him and punish him.
7．It was generous of her to contribute such a large sum of money to the Hope Project.
8．I would like to touch on the most sensitive question people always try to avoid.
9．He has been trying hard all the time to live up to what his parents expect of him.
10．I don't sing perfectly in tune，but I think I put more expression into my lyrics than a lot of other singers do.
Ⅱ.单句改错(每句仅有一处错误)
1．In modern times，people have to learn to live through all kinds of pressure although they are living a comfortable life.through→with
2．Before the race，he was fine. But afterwards he worn out.worn前加was
3．When a person is on run I will not bother him with matters. run前加the
4．I'd rather I hasn't said that at the meeting yesterday. hasn't→hadn't
5．The man said that he had nothing do with the murder in the bank.do前加to
6．I was bent at believing in myself，and I tried to study better.at→on
7．Although a teenager，Fred could resist told what to do and what not to do.told前加being
8．Some glasses got breaking when we were moving house.breaking→broken
9．All their attempts to rescue the child from the burning building were in a vain.去掉a
10．He couldn't make himself hear because of the noise，so we didn't know what he was saying.hear→heard

Ⅰ.课文语法填空
根据P2－3课文内容，在空格处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
As we all know，classics are the antiques of the 1．literary(literature) world. They are examples of great writing and wisdom，and even those written centuries ago can still 2.be found(find) in bookshops and libraries today. Even some films are based 3.on them.Charles Dickens is one of England's greatest writers.Great Expectations is one of his famous 4.works(work). The story begins when Pip is seven.
There is a twist in the plot 5．when a very generous stranger gives Pip a large fortune. Pip moves to London. Money and 6.education(educate) have changed him. He becomes vain and ashamed 7.of his background and even dislikes 8.it when Joe comes to visit him because he isn't a gentleman. He wins Estella's love. In the end，Pip has changed a lot. He learns 9．happiness (happy) and friends are 10.more important(important) than wealth.
Ⅱ.写作改错双练
根据提示，利用本单元所学知识完成下面的小作文，并改正学生习作。
1．Mr Black 因为在他的小说中塑造了许多宁愿屡试屡败也不放弃生活目标的人物而享有盛名。他们发现努力与期望是相符的。(would rather do...than do，reputation，find it＋adj.＋to do，live up to)
2．另外，他的很多作品涉及人们的生活，呼吁人们加强团结，抵制暴力，对他人慷慨、有礼貌，对未来不要绝望，呼吁勇敢地变革。(touch on，resist，generous，desperate，reform)
3．他的作品给人以全新的感觉，使很多读者，尤其是那些忙于生活的人们相信努力不会白费。(brand new，on the run，in vain)
4．他们决定放下心中的负担，为未来努力。(be bent on doing sth.)
第一步：练写作
用适当的连接词将上述句子连成一篇短文。








第二步：练改错
下面是李明针对本文的习作，其中有5处语法错误，请你帮他纠正过来。
Mr Black had a good reputation for creating many characters who would rather try and fail than to give up their life goals in his novels.They found it possible to live up to their expectations after great efforts.
In addition most of his work touched on people's life，and he appealed to the people to strength unity，resist violence，be generous and civil，not to be desperate of the future and persuade people to reform bravely.His works gave people a brand new feeling，which made many readers，especially those who were kept on the run believe efforts were never paid in vain.So they are bent on taking loads off their minds struggle for their future life.
【答案】
Mr Black had a good reputation for creating many character who would rather try and fail than give up their life goals in his novels.They found it possible to live up to their expectations after great efforts.
In addition most of his touched on people's life，and he appealed to the people to unity，resist violence，be generous and civil，not to be desperate the future and persuade people to reform bravely.His works gave people a brand new feeling，which made many readers，especially those who were kept on the run believe efforts were never paid in vain.So they are bent on taking loads off their minds for their future life.