2019年高考英语（人教版）一轮总复习教师用书：第一部分必修5Unit5　Firstaid




　　　　　
Unit 5　First aid


(对应学生用书第136页)
[单词　拼写应用]
Ⅰ.考纲单词——会拼写、要识记
1．aid　　　　 n．& vt.帮助；援助；资助
2．complex adj. 复杂的
3．squeeze vt.& vi. 榨；挤；压榨
4．vital adj. 至关重要的；生死攸关的
5．pour vt.& vi. 倒；灌；注；涌
6．ceremony n. 典礼；仪式；礼节
7．temporary adj. 暂时的；临时的
8．bleed vt.& vi. 流血
9．choke vi.& vt. (使)噎住；(使)窒息
10．barrier n. 屏障；障碍(物)
11．symptom n. 症状；征兆
12．damp adj. 潮湿的
13．pressure n. 压力
14．ambulance n. 救护车
Ⅱ.派生单词——能辨别
1．injure vt.受伤→injury n．损伤；伤害
2．poison n．毒药；毒害 vt.毒害；使中毒→poisonous adj.有毒的
3．vary v．变化→various adj.各种各样的→variety n．变化；多样(化)；多变(性)
4．mild adj.轻微的；温和的；温柔的→mildly adv.轻微地；温和地
5．swell vt.& vi.(使)膨胀；隆起→swollen adj.肿胀的
6．bear vt.忍受；承受→bearable adj.可忍受的→unbearable adj.难以忍受的；不能容忍的
7．tight adj.牢的；紧的；紧密的→tightly adv.紧地；牢牢地
8．firm adj.(动作)稳定有力的；坚定的→firmly adv.坚固地；稳定地
9．brave adj.勇敢的→bravery n．勇敢；勇气→bravely adv.勇敢地
10．treat vt.&vi.治疗；对待；款待 n．款待；招待→treatment n．治疗；疗法；对待
11．apply vt.& vi.应用；申请→applicant n．申请人→application n．申请
Ⅲ.语境应用(用所给词的适当形式填空)
1．The people in the flooded area fought bravely against the natural disaster.Their bravery deserved to be praised.(brave)
2．We like to live a life full of variety and men's tastes are various．(vary)
3．People had to treat themselves in their own way before they received the treatment sent by the government.(treat)
4．Tom got badly injured in the car accident.The injury to his leg was really serious.(injure)
[拓展联想]
“帮助”家族
①favour 　　 n． 帮助；好意
②assist vt. 帮助；协助
③assistance n. 帮助；协助
④support n．&vt. 支持；帮助
⑤sponsor vt. 赞助
“­ure”后缀的高频名词小结
①pressure压力　 ④failure失败
②pleasure乐事，快乐 ⑤mixture混合物
③exposure暴露；揭发 ⑥signature签名

[短语　多维应用]
Ⅰ.短语回顾——会默写
1．over_and_over_again　 反复；多次
2．a_number_of 若干；许多
3．carry_out 进行；开展
4．fall_ill 生病
5．squeeze_out 榨出；挤出
6．in_place 在适当的位置；适当
7．put_one's_hands_on 找到
8．make_a_difference 区别对待；有影响；起(重要)作用
9．take_off 脱下；起飞
10．prevent...from 阻止……
Ⅱ.语境应用(选用上述短语的适当形式填空)
1．Arriving in London，she suddenly fell_ill because she couldn't bear the changeable weather.
2．The professor always urges us that everything should be put in_place before we leave the lab.
3．I'm sure that our hard work can make_a_difference and everything will be OK.
4．I've told you over_and_over_again not to do that but you won't listen.
5．My writing career took_off when I discovered my own style.
6．Hannah was busy with work then but she still tried her best to squeeze_out some time from her tight schedule to visit her mother.
[拓展联想]
“in＋n.”短语大聚会
①in danger　　　　　 在危险中
②in trouble/difficulty 处于困境中
③in debt 负债，欠账
④in sight 能看到，在视线之内
“make a＋n.”词组荟萃
①make a face　　　 做鬼脸
②make a noise 制造噪音
③make a decision 做决定
④make a comment 作评论

[句式　结构仿写]
教材原句——会背诵
句式仿写——能应用
1.unless引导条件状语从句
Remove clothing using scissors if necessary unless it is stuck to the burn.
1.要是没有充分准备的话，户外运动有时会意味着受伤。
Unless_one_is_fully_prepared，outdoor sports can sometimes mean injuries.
【导学号：65670107】
2.be doing...when...正在做……这时……
John was studying in his room when he heard screaming.
2.昨天下午，我和李明放学回家，这时我们看见一位老太太被一辆车撞倒了。
Yesterday afternoon，Li Ming and I were_going_home_from_school_when we saw an old lady knocked down by a car.
3.It was...that...为强调句型
It was John's quick action and knowledge of first aid that saved Ms Slade's life.
3.正是拥有真诚和信任我们才能创建一个和谐的气氛。
It_was with sincerity and faithfulness that we created a harmonious atmosphere.
4.There's no doubt that...毫无疑问……
There is no doubt that John's quick thinking and the first aid skills he learned at school saved Ms Slade's life.
4.毫无疑问我们报纸的“外国文化”栏目在我们学生中很受欢迎。
(2015年全国卷Ⅰ)There_is_no_doubt_that the “Foreign Cultures” section in our newspaper is very popular among us students.



(对应学生用书第137页)
精讲4个考纲单词
aid n．& vt.帮助；援助；资助
[经典例句]　I couldn't speak any French, but a nice man came to my aid and told me where to go.
我不会说法语，但是一位好心的男士来帮助我并告诉我怎么走。
(1)give sb. first aid　对某人进行急救
with the aid of 在……的帮助下
(2)aid sb. in (doing) sth. 在(做)某事方面帮助某人
aid sb. with sth. 以某事/物帮助某人
aid sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事
①A man immediately rushed to the girl to give her first aid and I joined in without hesitation.一个男子迅速跑过来给女孩急救，我毫不犹豫地加入进来。
②The moment he saw the poor little boy on TV，he determined to aid him in continuing(continue) his study.在电视上看到这个可怜的小男孩，他就决定要帮助他完成学业。
③With the aid of the teacher，all of us in our class have made great progress.在老师的帮助下，我们班所有的人都取得了很大的进步。
vital adj.至关重要的；生死攸关的
[经典例句]　Enough sleep is of vital importance to the students' well being and health.
充足的睡眠对学生的身心健康是非常重要的。
be vital for/to sth.　对……极为重要
It is vital that... ……是极重要的
It is vital to do sth. 做某事很重要
①If we are to make a difference in life，it's vital that we should begin with small things.
如果我们要想在生活中发挥作用，重要的一点就是我们应该从小事开始。
②What's worse, some drivers, cyclists and pedestrians do not think it vital to_obey(obey) traffic rules.(2015年江苏高考)更糟糕的是，一些司机、骑车人、步行者认为遵守交通规则并不重要。
[名师点津]　在句型“It is vital that...”中，从句谓语动词要用虚拟语气，即“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。
链接写作
重要的是我们应从失败中吸取教训。正如谚语所说，“失败乃成功之母”。(2014年福建高考)
①What's_vital_is_that we should learn something from failure. Just as the saying goes，“Failure is the mother of success”．(主语从句)
②It's_vital_that_we_should_learn something from failure.Just as the saying goes，“Failure is the mother of success”．(it作形式主语)

treat vt.& vi.治疗；对待；款待
n．款待；招待
[经典例句]　Young people should always treat the elders with respect.
年轻人应该尊敬老年人。
(1)treat...as...　　把某人当……看待
treat sth. seriously 认真对待某事/物
treat sb./oneself to 用……款待某人/自己
(2)It's my treat. 我请客。
①I'll treat you to lunch at the restaurant in front of our school.
我将请你在我们学校前面的饭馆吃午饭。
②Our teachers are kind to us and treat us as their friends.(天津高考)
我们的老师对我们都很好，并且拿我们当朋友对待。
链接写作
如果这个病人得到适当的救治，他很可能活下来。
①(普通表达)If_the_patient_was_treated in a proper way，he was likely to be saved.(if状语从句)
②(高级表达)If_treated in a proper way，the patient was likely to be saved.(省略句)
③(高级表达)Treated in a proper way，the patient was likely to be saved.(分词作状语)

apply vt.涂；敷；应用 vi.申请；请求；使用
[教材原句]　He slowed the bleeding by applying pressure to the wounds until the police and ambulance arrived.他按住伤口，使血流得慢些，一直等到警察和救护车的到来。
apply...to...把……运用到……中；把……涂到……上
apply to... 适应……；适用于……
apply (to...) for... (向……)申请……
apply oneself to 集中精力于
①When the time came to make the final decision for a course，I decided to apply_for the one that reflected my interest.(2016年浙江高考)当面临做选课的最终决定时，我决定申请反映我兴趣的那门课。
②We should know not only the theory but also how to apply it to practice.我们不仅应知道理论，还应知道怎样把理论应用于实践。
链接写作
【导学号：65670108】
专心学习，你会通过考试的。
①(普通表达)If you apply_yourself_to_your_study，you will pass your exam.
②(高级表达)Apply_yourself_to_your_study and you will pass your exam.
③(高级表达)Applying_yourself_to_your_study，you will pass your exam.(分词作状语)
诠释2个核心短语
in place 在适当的位置；适当
[经典例句]　You'd better put things back in place.Otherwise，it will be difficult to find them.
你最好把东西放在适当的位置，否则很难找到它们。
(1)out of place　不在适当位置；不合适
in place of 代替；取代
in the first place 首先；第一点
(2)take place 发生
take one's place 就座；代替
take the place of 代替；取代
①Firstly I collected all the books, newspapers and other things scattered in the rooms and put them in_place．首先，我把散落在屋子里的所有书、报纸和其他东西收拾起来，并把它们放在适当的位置。
②In_the_first_place，with my experience in teaching for more than ten years，I'm qualified for the job.
首先，凭借十多年的教学经验，我能胜任这项工作。

make a difference区别对待；有影响；起(重要)作用
[经典例句]　It shows that a knowledge of first aid can make a real difference.
这说明了急救知识的确能发挥重要的作用。
(1)make a difference to　对……有作用/有影响
make some/no/little/difference (to...)
(对……)有/没作用或影响
(2)tell the difference (between...and...)
辨别/区分(……与……)
①Luckily my teacher sensed my problem, telling me that every small thing can make a big difference.
幸运的是，老师觉察到了我的问题，告诉我每件小事都能产生重大影响。
②What you have said will make no difference to the naughty boy.
你所说的不会对这个淘气男孩起什么作用。
③The twins are so alike；it's difficult to tell the difference between them.
这对双胞胎长得太像了，很难分辨出来。
突破2个高考句型
(教材P34)Remove clothing using scissors if necessary unless_it_is_stuck_to_the_burn．
除非衣服粘贴在烧伤面上，否则都要把衣服脱掉。如果需要的话，可以使用剪刀。
unless是连词，在本句中引导的是一个条件状语从句。
(1)unless意为“除非；如果不”，引导一个肯定的条件状语从句，可与if...not引导的否定状语从句互换。
(2)unless引导的条件状语从句常用一般现在时表示将来意义，主句多用一般将来时。
(3)在unless引导的条件状语从句中，主语和部分谓语有时可以省略。
①You will never gain success unless you are fully devoted to your work.
你如果不全心全意地去工作，你将永远不会获得成功。
②It is known to all that unless_you_exercise_regularly，you won't keep fit.
众所周知，除非你经常锻炼，否则身体不会健康。
链接写作
①I want you to keep working unless I tell you to stop.(用if从句改写)
I want you to keep working if_I_don't_tell_you_to_stop．
②I won't attend the meeting unless I'm invited.(改为省略句)
I won't attend the meeting unless_invited．
(教材P38)John was_studying in his room when he heard screaming.
约翰正在房间里学习，这时他听到了尖叫声。
when在此句中意为“这时，突然”，相当于at this/that time。
be doing...when...　　　正在……这时……
be about to do...when... 正打算做……这时……
be on the point of doing...when...
正要……这时……
had just done...when... 刚做了……这时(突然)……
①The children were playing football happily on the playground when it began to rain heavily.孩子们正在操场上高兴地踢足球，这时天开始下起大雨。
②The professor had just finished his speech when students rushed out of the classroom.
教授刚结束了演讲，学生们就冲出了教室。
链接写作
我正要放弃这时我最好的朋友鼓励我继续下去。(福建高考)
①I was_about_to_give_up_when my best friend encouraged me to go on.(be about to)
②I was_on_the_point_of_giving_up_when my best friend encouraged me to go on.(be on the point of)
[多角快练]——练单词 练短语 练句型———————————
(对应学生用书第140页)
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．It's me who would like to apply for the position，vice president of our school English club.
2．She opened her eyes with a start and was about to cry out when she heard her father urgently telling her to keep quiet.
3．It's vital that the theory (should)be_applied(apply) to practice, or it could just be something useless.
4．These men made themselves famous for their courage and bravery(brave)．
5．They have earned lots of money，so I firmly(firm) believe that the business is a success.
6．With the aid of our professor，we finished the experiment successfully.
7．All the photographs in this book，unless stated(state)otherwise，date from the 1950s.
8．There's no denying that the attack did a severe injury(injure) to his reputation.
9．There was a big storm after midnight and the rain poured down．
10．When he got up from the ground, he found his knee bleeding(bleed)．
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．Whether he could get support from his parents made great difference to the plan.made后加a
2．Little Tom，who got burned while he was setting off fireworks，is treated in hospital now.is后加being
3．The large number of private cars show that our incomes are increasing.show→shows
4．There is no doubt whether global warming is a security threat to us all.whether→that
5．Mr. Li fell ill, so his colleague attended the conference in the place of him.去掉第二个the

(对应学生用书第140页)
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
根据P33－34课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
There are three types of burns.They 1.________(call) first，second or third degree burns，depending on which layers of the skin are burned.
First degree burns affect only 2.________ top layer of the skin.These burns are not serious and should feel 3.________(good) within a day or two.Examples include mild sunburn and burns caused by 4.________(touch) a hot pan，stove or iron for a moment.
Second degree burns affect 5.________ the top and the second layer of the skin.These burns are serious 6.________ take a few weeks 7.________(heal)．Examples include severe sunburn and burns 8.________ (cause) by hot liquids.
Third degree burns affect all three layers of the skin and any tissue and organs 9.________ the skin.Examples include burns caused by electric shocks，burning clothes，or severe petrol fires.These burns cause very severe 10.________(injure) and the victim must go to hospital at once.
【答案】　1.are called　2.the　3.better　4.touching　5.both　6.and　7.to heal　8.caused　9.under　10.injuries
【导学号：65670109】
Ⅱ.写作改错双练
根据提示利用本单元所学知识完成下面的小作文，并改正学生习作。
1．毫无疑问，懂得一些急救知识很有必要，因为危险无处不在，事故不时发生。(first aid)
2．以烧伤为例，根据哪几层皮肤烧伤称为一度烧伤、二度烧伤和三度烧伤。(take...for example；layer)
3．一度烧伤不严重，把伤处放在缓缓流动的水下冲洗一会儿就可以了。(for a while)
4．二度和三度烧伤较为严重，尽管适当的冷敷(cold compress)可以起一定作用，但重要的是必须马上把患者送到医院。(make a difference；vital)
第一步　练写作
用适当的连接词将上述句子连成一篇短文。
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第二步　练改错
下面是李明针对本文的习作，其中有5处语法错误，请你帮他纠正过来。
There is no doubt whether it is necessary to know some knowledge of first aid as dangers lie everywhere and accidents happen from time to time.Take burns for an example.They are called first，second and third degree burns，depend on which layers of the skin are burned.First degree burns are not serious and it is OK to place burns under gentle running water for a while.Second and third degree burns are more serious and a proper cold compress can make a difference，but it is vital for get the victim to hospital at once.
【答案】　There is no doubt it is necessary to know some knowledge of first aid as dangers lie everywhere and accidents happen from time to time.Take burns for example.They are called first，second and third degree burns， on which layers of the skin are burned.First degree burns are not serious and it is OK to place burns under running water for a while.Second and third degree burns are more serious and a proper cold compress can make a difference，but it is vital get the victim to hospital at once.