2020新课标高考牛津版英语第一轮总复习讲义：第1部分Book4　Unit1　Advertising

Book 4　Unit 1　Advertising
晨读暮诵　单元话题——广告

1．treasure n．财富
2．wealth n．财富
3．economy n．经济
4．accumulate v．积累
5．donate v．捐赠
6．incredible adj.难以置信的
7．advertisement n．广告
8．latest adj.最新的
9．purchase v．购买
10．media n．媒介
11．badly need 急需
12．deal with 处理；与……打交道
13．benefit from 从……中受益
14．with the development of economy 随着经济的发展
15．accumulate wealth 积累财富
16．as for 至于，关于

1．I saw your advertisement on the Internet/in a newspaper and I show great interest in…
我在网上/报纸上看到你们的广告，我对……很感兴趣。
2．No matter where you go, what you see and when you look, you will easily find there are many ads around you, such as: toy ads on TV, food ads on computers, etc.
无论你走到哪里，你看到了什么，你什么时候看，你会很容易发现有很多的广告在你的周围，如：电视上的玩具广告，电脑上的食品广告等。
3．Though ad has brought us great convenience, it troubles us a lot at the same time.
虽然广告给我们带来了极大的方便，但同时也给我们带来了很多烦恼。
4．…advertisements have become more and more important in our daily life.
……广告在我们的日常生活中变得越来越重要。
5．Advertising deals with promoting to a bigger market.
广告涉及将产品推销到更大的市场。

随着广告业的发展，广告已与我们的生活息息相关。但是广告是利是弊？上周你班就此进行了讨论。请根据下列意见，用英语写一篇文章，并简要说明自己的看法。
赞成
反对
·能帮助消费者了解商品，做出选择
·能吸引消费者，给人以艺术享受
·公益广告可以帮助人们认识到一些社会问题
·应当适当发展
·虚假广告太多，欺骗消费者
·占用报刊太多的版面，浪费纸张
·占用电视、广播太多的时间
·应该取缔
·你的观点：1.…， 2.…
[参考范文]
With the development of advertising, ads have been connected with people's life.Last week, the students in our class had a discussion about whether it is good or bad.Some people think advertisements don't tell the fact about the products advertised.Also, they take up too much time on TV and the radio，and cover too much space in newspapers and magazines, which waste a lot of paper.What's worse，there are some false advertisements that cheat people into buying their things.Therefore, they believe advertisements should be stopped.
While other people think advertisements can help us make better choices about what to buy by offering us the latest information about various goods.Moreover, many well­done advertisements are popular and eye­catching, which not only attract the consumers' attention but also allow consumers to appreciate arts. Finally, PSAs enable the public to realize some social concerns.So we should develop advertising properly.
In my opinion, advertising is like a two­side sword.Anyway, we can be wise if we are able to distinguish between fiction and fact.


[高频词汇]
1．________(vt.)说服，劝说；使信服
2．________(vt.&vi.)欺骗；作弊(n.)骗子；欺诈行为
3．________(adj.)清白的，无罪的；无恶意的；纯真的
4．________(vt.)治愈；解决(n.)药物，疗法；对策
5．________(n.)评论，评价(vi.)评论，议论
6．________(vt.&vi.)以……为目标；瞄准；(n.)目的，目标
7．________(adj.)心理的；思想的，精神的；智力的
8．________(n.)座右铭；格言
9．________(vt.)推广，宣传；促销；促进，推动
10．________(n.)智力，才智；情报
11．________(vt.)咨询；请教
12．________(vt.)推荐；建议，劝告；介绍
13．________(vt.)购买，采购(n.)采购；购买的东西
14．________(vi.&vt.)成倍增加，迅速增加；乘，乘以
15．________(vt.&n.)设计
16．________(vt.&n.)更新；提供最新信息；使现代化
17．________(n.)方面；层面
18．________(n.)便宜货；协议(vi.)讨价还价
19．________ (vi.)有吸引力； 呼吁， 恳请(n.)吸引力； 呼吁， 恳求
20．________ (vt.)敦促， 力劝； 竭力主张(n.)强烈的欲望， 冲动
【答案】1.persuade　2.cheat　3.innocent　4.cure　
5．comment　6.mental　7.aim　8.motto　9.promote　
10．intelligence　11.consult　12.recommend　13.purchase
14．multiply　15.design　16.update　17.aspect
18．bargain　19.appeal　20.urge
[派生词汇]
1．________(vt.)确定，查明；决定；裁决→________(adj.)坚决的；果断的→________(n.)决心
2．________(vt.&vi.)做广告，宣传→________(n.)做广告→________(n.)广告
3．________(n.)气息；呼吸→________(vi.)呼吸
4．________(vt.&vi.)使受益；得益于(n.)益处；救济金；奖金→________(adj.)有益的
5．________ (n.)分析，分析结果→__________(vt.)分析；分解
6．________ (vi.)做出反应，回应→__________(n.)反应；回应
7．________(vt.)敦促，力劝；竭力主张(n.)冲动→________(adj.)紧急的，急迫的→________(adv.)紧急地→________(n.)紧急的事
[词缀归纳]
在beneficial一词中“­ial”为构成形容词的后缀。常见词还有：commercial adj.商业的，financial adj，财政的，金融的，official adj.官方的，正式的，potential adj.潜在的。
【答案】1.determine；determined；determination
2．advertise；advertising；advertisement　3.breath；breathe　4.benefit；beneficial　5.analysis；analyz(s)e　6.react；reaction　7.urge；urgent；urgently；urgency
[语境活用]
1．I tried to p________ him not to go to the cinema but he didn't listen to me.
2．The regulations are a________ at the prevention of accidents at work.
3．These shoes are a real ________(便宜货)at such a low price.
4．This kind of medicine will c________ your headache.
5．Mr.Smith was p________ to a higher position last month, which made every one of us happy.
6．If you want to sell your old sofa, why not put a ______(广告) in a newspaper?
7．You are excepted to________ (作出评论)on our service in the hotel.
8．Use your________ (才智) and you're sure to achieve something.
9．He would set his hand to the contract only after he had ________ (咨询) his lawyer.
10．His favorite ________ (格言)is: the essence of life is struggle, rather than taking.
【答案】1.persuade　2.aimed　3.bargain　4.cure
5．promoted　6.advertisement　7.comment　8.intelligence
9．consulted　10.motto

1．believe ________　　相信
2．________ free 免费
3．be meant ________ 旨在，打算
4．even ________ 甚至，即使
5．fool sb.________ doing sth. 欺骗某人做某事
6．fall ________ 上……当，受……骗
7．play tricks ________ 欺骗，愚弄
8．deal ________ 涉及，处理，应付
9．________low prices 以很低的价格
10．do research ________ 对……做研究
11．________ advance 提前
12．appeal ________ 吸引；呼吁
13．get sth. ________ 把某事表达清楚
14．discourage sb. _________… 劝阻某人……
15．be concerned ________ 关心，挂念
16．die ________ 死于……
【答案】1.in　2.for　3.to　4.if/though　5.into　6.for
7．on　8.with　9.at　10.on　11.on　12.to　13.across　14.from　15.about　16.from
[语境活用]
1．She has a lot of letters to deal ________.
2．The advertisements are meant ________improve the company's image.
3．Even________we achieve great success in our work, we should not be conceited.
4．I have tried to get my point________.
5．It shocked me to hear that he died ________the traffic accident.
6．I think what appeals ________me about his painting are the colours he uses.
7．Children, as well as adults, usually play tricks ________each other on Halloween.
8．No matter how hare I try to convince you that is a trick, you fall ________ it every time.
【答案】1.with　2.to　3.if　4.across　5.from　6.to
7．on　8.for

1. [原句]　Even if an ad does not lie，it does not mean it is altogether innocent.
[点拨]　even if 用来引导让步状语从句，它相当于even though。
[仿写]　即使你很忙，你也要尽力把所有的事情做好。
________________，you should try your best to do everything well.
2. [原句]　When it comes to advertisements，we must all use our intelligence and not be a slave to them!
[点拨]　when it comes to…当谈到……的时候
[仿写]　说到房价，我们都感到很无奈。
______________________ the house prices, we all feel hopeless.
3. [原句]　According to the publisher，readers do seem to be interested in this new novel.
[点拨]　“do/does/did＋动词原形”表示对动词的强调。
[仿写]　使我极为高兴的是，这棵植物看上去确实和我们要找的十分的相似。
To my great joy, ________________________ what we were looking for.
【答案】1.Even if/though you are busy　2.When it comes to
3．the plant did look exactly like

第一板块　核心词汇
[基础知识要牢记]
1．persuade vt.说服，劝说；使信服
(1)persuade sb.to do sth./into doing sth. 说服某人做某事
persuade sb. not to do sth./out of doing sth. 说服某人不要做某事
persuade sb.of sth./persuade sb. that… 使某人相信……
(2)persuasion n. 说服，说服力
①Do you think young people are easily persuaded into buying new products?
你认为年轻人很容易被说服买新产品吗？
②How can I persuade you of my honesty?
我如何能够使你相信我的诚实？
③We have done our best to persuade him ________ making a silly decision.
我们已经竭尽全力来说服他不要作出愚蠢的决定。
【答案】③out of
[温馨提示]　若表示“试图说服某人做某事而未能成功”，常用try to persuade sb. to do sth.或advise sb. to do sth.
2．cure vt.治愈；解决　n．药物，疗法；对策
cure sb.of…　　治愈某人的病；改掉某人的不良习惯
a cure for…　 ……的方法；……的对策
beyond cure 无可救药
[词义辨析]cure，treat
cure
强调结果，“治疗，治愈”，其后可直接加疾病或用于cure sb.of sth.结构
treat
强调过程，“治疗”，常用搭配：treat one's＋疾病；treat sb.for＋疾病
[思维发散]类似cure sb.of sth.的短语还有：
rob sb.of sth.　　　抢劫某人某物
inform sb.of sth.　 通知某人某事
warn sb.of sth.　　 警告某人某事
suspect sb.of sth.　 怀疑某人某事
remind sb.of sth.　 提醒某人某事
convince sb.of sth. 使某人相信某事
cheat sb.of sth.　　 欺骗某人某事
accuse sb.of sth.　 指控某人某事
①The doctor ________ him________ cancer./The doctor ________ his cancer.(强调治愈)
医生治好了他的癌症。
②The doctor is________ me________ teeth./The doctor is ________ my teeth.(强调治疗)
医生正在给我看牙。
③So far scientists haven't found out a cure ________ a cold.
迄今科学家没有找出治疗感冒的良方。
【答案】①cured；of；cured　②treating；for; treating　③for
3．benefit vt.&vi.使受益；得益于n.益处；救济金；奖金
(1)benefit sb./sth.　　　对某人/物有益
benefit from/by　　　 从……中受益；得益于
(2)be of benefit to　 对……有益
(3)for one's benefit
＝for the benefit of sb.　 为了某人的利益
(4)beneficial adj.　 有益的；受益的
be beneficial to　 对……有益，对……有好处
[一句多译]
新规定对所有学生都有好处。
①The new regulation will be ________ all the students.
②The new regulation will be________ to all the students.
③All the students will________ the new regulation.
④The new regulation will________ all the students.
【答案】①of benefit to　②beneficial ③benefit from　④benefit
[易错点拨]
benefit作为及物动词，其宾语总是“受益者”，而不能是所受的“益处”。要表示“受益于某事物”，英语习惯上用benefit by/from sth.。
4．recommend vt.推荐；建议，劝告；介绍
(1)recommend sth.to sb.
＝recommend sb.sth.　　　　向某人推荐某物
recommend sth.for 推荐某物作某种用途
recommend sb.as… 推荐某人提任某职务
(2)recommend that sb.(should) do sth.
＝recommend (one's) doing sth.
＝recommend sb.to do sth.　　　 建议某人做某事
It is/was recommended that sb.(should) do sth. 有人建议某人做某事
(3)recommendation n. 推荐；介绍信
①All the workers recommended Lao Li as manager.
所有的工人都推荐老李当经理。
②What can you recommend for removing the ink stain?
你推荐用什么方法可以去除墨迹？
③I'll be glad if you can consider my ________________.
如果你能考虑我的建议我会很高兴。
【答案】③recommendation
[温馨提示]　recommend(建议)后跟宾语从句时，从句的谓语动词用虚拟语气，即“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。
5．determine vt.确定，查明；决定；裁决
(1)determine＋从句　　　　　　　决定……
determine to do sth. 决定做某事
determine on/upon (doing) sth. 决定做某事
(2)determined adj. 有决心的；坚定的
be determined to do sth. 决心做某事
(3)determination n. 决心；果断；坚定
①We determined to leave at once.
我们决心立刻离开。
②Her ________ to do well made her keep on studying.
她想取得好成绩的决心使得她坚持学习下去。
③________ to visit the science museum，she set off at once.
决心参观科学博物馆，她立刻出发了。
【答案】②determination　③Determined
[温馨提示]　高考中常把determined to do作状语作为考查点，有类似用法的还有lost in，caught in，absorbed in；faced with，satisfied with，devoted to等。
6．appeal vi.有吸引力；呼吁，恳请n.吸引力；呼吁，恳求
(1)appeal to sb.for sth.　　为某事向某人呼吁或请求
appeal to sb.to do sth. 恳求/呼吁某人做某事
(2)make an appeal to sb.for sth. 为……向某人呼吁或请求
make an appeal to sb.to do sth. 呼吁/恳求某人做某事
(3)appealing adj. 吸引人的；引起兴趣的
①We appealed to all students and teachers to keep the environment clean and to make our school a beautiful home.
我们呼吁学生和老师保持环境干净，使我们的校园成为一个美丽的家园。
②What's more，it is another effective way to appeal ________ the news media.
另外，这是吸引新闻媒体的另外一种有效的方法。
③He behaved badly and appealed ________ his parents' forgiveness.
他表现不好，恳请父母原谅。
【答案】②to　③for
7．urge vt.敦促，力劝；竭力主张n.强烈的欲望，冲动
(1)urge sb.to do/into doing sth.　　　敦促/力劝某人做某事
urge that…(should) do… 敦促/主张……做……
It is/was urged that sb. should do sth. 坚决要求
(2)have an/the urge to do sth. 渴望做某事
(3)urgent adj. 紧急的，急迫的
(4)urgency n. 紧急情况
[一句多译]
随着高考的临近，老师们敦促我们努力学习。
①Our teachers urge us________ with the College Entrance Examination drawing near.
②Our teachers urge that________ with the College Entrance Examination drawing near.
公众强烈主张政府立即采取措施来阻止森林大火蔓延。
③The public urged the government ________to prevent the forest fire from spreading.
④The public　urged　that the government __________________to prevent the forest fire from spreading.
【答案】①to study hard　②we (should) study hard　③to take immediate measures　④(should) take immediate measures
8．be meant to do sth.旨在，目的是；应该做某事
be meant to do
＝be intended to do 　 　 旨在做，目的是做
mean to do…　　　　　 打算做……
mean doing… 意味着……
be meant for…/to be… 打算用作……/被普遍认为是……
meant to have done sth. 过去本打算做某事(实际上
＝had meant to do sth. 并没有做)
means n. 手段，方法(单复数同形)
by all means 尽一切办法/当然可以/务必
by means of 用……方法
by no means 绝不
①The meeting ______________________deal with some problems concerning the environment.
这个会议旨在处理一些和环境有关的问题。
②I __________________you about it，but I forgot to do so.
我本想告诉你的，可是我忘记了。
③Missing the train means________ for another hour.
错过了火车意味着再等一小时。
【答案】①is meant to　②had meant to tell　③waiting
9．deal with涉及，关于；对待；处理，应付，解决；与……打交道；做生意；探讨
[一词多义]
写出下列句中deal with的含义。
①Although serious problems still remain and need to be dealt with, the world is a safer and healthier place.________
②Tom has been studying how people deal with failure for 40 years.________
③His latest book deals with children's safety at school.________
④It is important to learn to use the related trade rules while dealing with foreign companies.________
【答案】①解决，处理　②对待　③涉及，关于　④与……打交道，做生意
[温馨提示]　deal with和do with均可表示“处理；对待”，与疑问词一起使用时，前者常与how连用，后者常与what连用。
10．get sth.across(to sb.)将(想法、信息等)传达(给某人)；使理解；把……表达清楚
get to sb.　　　　　到达/接触某人
get away with 侥幸成功；(做坏事)不受到惩罚
get along with 与……相处；进展
get through 通过；完成；打通电话
get away from 逃离，摆脱，避免
get down to 开始认真做，开始认真处理
get rid of 摆脱，除掉
①He has created a special way to get his message across while using as few words as possible.
他已经想出了一个特殊的言简意赅地表达自己思想的方法。
②Thankfully，I managed to get ________ the game and the pain was worth it in the end.
幸好，我设法打完了比赛，最终为此做出的努力没有白费。
③Do you think the murderer should get away ________ it?
你认为凶手应当不受惩罚吗？
【答案】②through　③with
[词汇训练全通关]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Having been laughed at，the young man left his hometown，________(determine) never to return without making his mark.
2．The soldier raised his gun calmly ________ (aim) it at the enemy commander，fired.
3．Disadvantages as they have，online games never fail to appeal ________ a large number of teenagers.
4．－I apologize for being so angry with you.I ________(not mean) to be so rude.
－It doesn't matter.
5．The government urged that every effort ________ (make) to bring down food prices.
6．The school recommends parents ________ (permit)their children to swim in rivers or lakes during summer holidays.
7．It is vital to get ________ to teenagers the simple fact that being addicted to the Internet will to some extent do harm to both mental and physical health.
8．—Have you any concrete thoughts on how to deal ________ this difficulty?
—Sorry，I have no idea.
9．I have advised my father again and again to stop smoking but I can't persuade him ________.
10．It was ________ the benefit of your company that we did that.
【答案】1.determined　2.aiming　3.to　4.didn't mean
5．(should) be made　6.(should) not permit　7.across
8．with　9.to　10.of
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．This diagram is meant showing the different stages of the process.
_____________________________________________________________
2．Determining to give up smoking，he threw away his remaining cigarettes.
_____________________________________________________________
3．It's an attractive little home, and I think it's bargain.
_____________________________________________________________
4．Although there is no cure of the common cold，doctors believe that vitamins can help prevent it.
_____________________________________________________________
5．The boy is too young to know what to deal with the trouble.
_____________________________________________________________
【答案】1.showing→to show　2.Determining→Determined
3．bargain前加a　4.of→for　5.what→how或deal→do
第二板块　经典句式
[基础知识要牢记]
1．Even_if an ad does not lie，it does not mean it is altogether innocent.
即使一则广告没有撒谎，也并不意味着这则广告就是完全清白的。
even if意为“尽管，即使”，用来引导让步状语从句，even if 可用even though替换。
①Even if you did something wrong this time，I still counted you as my friend.
尽管这次你做错了，但是我仍然把你当作我的朋友。
②He will come on time ________________.
即使下雨，他还是会准时来的。
③Such people always stick to their views，even if it means that they may get into trouble.
这种人总是坚持自己的观点，即使这意味着他们可能会陷入困境。
【答案】②even if it rains
[温馨提示]　如果整个句子指将来，even if从句中的谓语动词须用一般现在时代替将来时。

(2018·高考全国新课标卷Ⅰ，完形填空)And，even if I weren't excited enough about free credits，news about our instructor was appealing enough to me.
[分析]　even if 引导让步状语从句
[翻译]　即使我对那免费学分不是很兴奋，但是有关这个课程的教师的消息对我足够有吸引力。
2．According to the publisher，readers do seem to be interested in this new novel.
根据出版商的说法，读者的确好像是对这本新小说很感兴趣。
do“的确，确实”，用在谓语动词之前，起强调作用。
①He ________ abroad，which was unexpected.
他的确出国了，这让大家感到很意外。
②However, it seems as though Byron did manage to pass the time pleasantly enough.
然而，似乎拜伦的确设法很愉快地度过了那段时光。
③Do wait for me until I'm back.
一定要等我回来。
【答案】①did go
[温馨提示]　(1)这种强调只能适用于一般现在时和一般过去时的肯定句中。
(2)在肯定句的祈使句中，句首的do用来加强语气，可译成“务必，一定要，千万”。
[句式训练全通关]
Ⅰ.句型转换
1．He has had great success. He remains modest and prudent.
→____________ he has had great success, he remains modest and prudent.
2．We're pleased that she really intends to come.
→We're pleased that she ______________ to come.
3．I hardly know what I should say before you.
→I hardly know ____________ before you.
4．He wrote to his mother last week.(强调谓语动词)
→He ____________ to his mother last week.
【答案】1.Even if/though　2.does intend　3.what to say　4.did write
Ⅱ.话题写作
根据提示，利用本单元所学知识，完成下面小作文。
1．每天无论我们走到哪里，广告总会进入我们的视线。(wherever，come into our sight)
2．广告是一种推销产品或服务的好方法，尽管它们并非都完全跟我们讲真话。(even if, not all…)
3．更为重要的是，好的广告还可以使人们认识到许多社会问题，我们可以从中获益。(aware of)
4．然而，我们必须保持清醒的头脑，否则我们就会上当受骗。(fall for)
【参考范文】
Every day wherever we go，advertisements will come into our sight.Advertisements are a good way to promote products or services，even if not all of them tell us the complete truth.Not only can a good advertisement provide us with appealing pictures，but also it can provide us with a lot of useful information about our life.What's more，a good advertisement can make people aware of many social concerns as well，from which we can benefit a lot.However，we must keep a clear head，otherwise we would fall for them.


[阅读理解组块练]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(湖南省长沙市雅礼中学、河南省实验中学2018届高三联考)LIANG TAO sold 80 pink Givenchy bags in 12 minutes.Becky Fang sold 100 Mini Cooper cars in just five.Both are wanghong, literally “red­hot on the web”．Every day millions of Chinese search social media for wanghong posts or tune in to live­streams for wanghong's opinions on everything.The fans are helping this new Chinese Internet star to make money out of their popularity—and to shake up the country's e­commerce industry in the process.
A few of wanghong have been hired by luxury brands.Jaeger­LeCoultre, a Swiss watchmaker, hired Papi Jiang for a video ad targeting young urbanites (都市人), including her 27m fans on Sina Weibo, a Twitter­like microblog.Zhang Yi of iiMedia Research, a consulting firm, estimates that up to 15% of sales on shopping sites like Taobao or social­media apps such as WeChat are influenced by wanghong's public support.The length of a dress might be decided by a survey of a wanghong's fans; its launch date might be based on the number of hits, shares or comments it collects, some of which can cause last­minute design changes.
This poses a new challenge for retailers(零售商), whose supply chains must respond ever more quickly to wanghong's opinions.Whereas previously a company would look for a celebrity to match its image, wanghong and their admirers are shaping goods.
Another challenge comes directly from wanghong themselves.They increasingly make money not merely from online support or advice but by launching their own e­commerce stores.Sales of goods accounted for just under half of wanghong earnings of 53bn yuan ($8bn) in 2016, estimates Analysys, a Chinese market­research firm (the rest came mostly from live­show tips and adverts)．
Some wanghong are going a step further.In November Becky Fang launched her own clothing line.Part of her motivation, she says, was that the brands she supported did not always match the trends she was sharing with her followers.By creating her own brand, Becky's Fantasy, she have full control of the quality.She also gains a new income.For the time being only 3­5% of wanghong follow Becky Fang's example, iiMedia Research estimates.But it expects the model to become an industry in its own right, including entertainment and e­commerce, and driven by online data.
1．Why can wanghong use their popularity to make money?
A．Because they are Internet stars.
B．Because they use social media.
C．Because their opinions influence fans.
D．Because they can shake the e­commerce industry.
2．What is the characteristic of the products supported by wanghong?
A．It is fans­based.　
B．It is social­media­based.
C．It is design­shared.
D．It is youth­targeted.
3．What are the challenges for retailers?
A．Online support and advice.
B．Increasing sales of goods online.
C．Quick responses to the market changes.
D．Wanghong's opinions and e­commerce stores.
4．Why do some wanghong create their own brands?
A．Because they want to attract more fans.
B．Because they want to share with their followers.
C．Because they want to set up a new industry model.
D．Because the brands they speak for can't satisfy their fans.
【答案与解析】
1．C　细节理解题。根据第一段中Every day millions of Chinese search social media for wanghong posts or tune in to live­streams for wanghong's opinions on everything.The fans are helping this new Chinese Internet star to make money out of their popularity…可知，网红会利用自己的人气赚钱，那是因为他们的观点影响着粉丝。故C项正确。
2．A 推理判断题。根据第二段中The length of a dress might be decided by a survey of a wanghong's fans；…some of which can cause last­minute design changes.可知，网红所支持的产品的特点是以粉丝为基础的。故A项正确。
3．D　细节理解题。根据第三段中This poses a new challenge for retailers(零售商), whose supply chains must respond ever more quickly to wanghong's opinions.和第四段的内容可知，网红的观点和他们开设的网上商店是对零售商的挑战。故D项正确。
4．D　细节理解题。根据最后一段中…the brands she supported did not always match the trends she was sharing with her followers.可知，网红之所以创造他们自己的品牌是因为他们代言的品牌不能满足他们的粉丝。故D项正确。
B
Why do I volunteer with Big Brothers Big Sisters of America？I have many reasons.Perhaps the biggest reason is that someone volunteered to help me.Years ago，I was on the other side of the table.I was lonely and felt kind of lost.More than once，I found myself on the wrong side of a jail cell.If someone hadn't stepped in，I probably wouldn't even be here right now.
I've seen the work that Big Brothers Big Sisters has been doing all over the country and I'm pleased to be part of it.I've never done anything that made me prouder than my volunteering work.Big Brothers Big Sisters helped me get my head on straight.There are no words to describe the joy I get from helping somebody turn their life around.
Don't tell anyone I said that，but volunteering is probably the fastest way to get over sadness or depression.Every time I start to feel bad，I talk to someone who needs my help and it makes me feel better and worse all at the same time.I feel better，because doing good things fills me with a sense of pride.I feel worse because I feel I have no right to complain about my situation especially when I hear what others are going through.
I've_come_a_long_way_from_where_I_was and volunteering is a good way for me to be reminded of that.Volunteering is how I want to leave my mark on the world.I recommend volunteering work to everybody，especially for somebody who isn't sure where they're going in life.Helping someone find their path is often the best way to find yours.
5．But for the one who helped him，the writer________.
A．would have gone to prison
B．would be a dangerous guy now
C．would have been killed by others
D．would be still alone and lost now
6．Why does the writer sometimes feel worse when volunteering?
A．Because he is so sorry for his complaining.
B．Because volunteering is in fact not a piece of cake.
C．Because he is forbidden to complain about his difficulties.
D．Because helping others can't always give him a sense of pride.
7．The underlined part in the last paragraph means________.　
A．going back has been impossible
B．volunteering has improved the writer a lot
C．the writer has a long way to go before getting noticed
D．the writer values the old good days at Big Brothers Big Sisters
8．What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A．Only by helping others can we find the path in life.
B．Big Brothers Big Sisters will become famous one day.
C．The writer has decided to devote his life to volunteering.
D．Big Brothers Big Sisters will leave every member's mark on the world.
【答案与解析】
5．A　推理判断题。由第一段中的最后两句可推断出，如果当时不是那个好心人的主动帮助，作者就险些入狱了。
6．A　细节理解题。由第二段中的最后一句可知，作者得知还有很多比自己遭遇更惨的人后，为自己曾经怨天尤人的态度感到深深的懊悔。
7．B　推理判断题。通读上下文可知，作者从险些入狱到成为一名志愿者，这对他来说无疑是巨大的转变，是志愿服务让他脱胎换骨。
8．C　推理判断题。由该段中的Volunteering is how I want to leave my mark on the world.可知，作者已决定献身于志愿服务事业。其他选项在文中并无信息支持。
C
(安徽省六安市毛坦厂中学2018届高三下学期四月月考)Today different online exercise programs are challenging the concept of traditional fitness models.Gyms and health clubs are no longer limited to “the four walls”．Digital extensions of traditional fitness are appearing, and to reach as many people as possible, the fitness industry is expanding its boundaries through virtual (虚拟的) fitness and accepting the latest scientific findings and technological advancements in health, technology.
Exergames (运动游戏) are a combination of physical exercise and digital games.Now fun and fitness are combined in various digital gaming products, products like Wii Fit Plus, Fitness Evolved, and Kinect Sports.What's more, health technology is often built using principles of neuroscience, a science focused on studying the brain, Fitness Evolved, for example, focuses on stress and how you react to different stressors.This program helps you feel less threatened (受到威胁的) by targeting your specific stressors and then adjusts based on your interaction with the app.
Now there are a lot of smart exergames, one of which is BurnAlong.This online video platform combines the advantages of having a human instructor with the perks of practicing in the comfort of your own home. The platform lets users connect with whoever makes them feel most motivated—be it their favorite gym instructors, or friends who might be living on the opposite side of the country. A wide variety of programs are offered through the platform, as well as different effort levels, so everyone can find something that suits their level of fitness.
Another example is Zwift, an online multiplayer video game besed on indoor cycling.It allows you to join an online cycling group that includes members from over 150 countries.BitGym is also a smart virtual fitness app.As you train, you're given beautiful virtual scenery to look at, complete with natural sounds and location­specific facts. For this app, all you need to do is place your smartphone or tablet on your sports machine.
9．What is the purpose of mentioning Fitness Evolved in Paragraph 2?
A．To show how health technology is built.
B．To explain what exergames actually are.
C．To prove the popularity of digital products.
D．To give a skill of managing stress in sports.
10．What does the underlined word “perks” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A．Ways.　　　　　　 B．Benefits.
C．Chances.　 D．Problems.
11．In which exergame you are exposed to virtual natural beauty?
A．Kinect Sports.　 B．BurnAlong.
C．Zwift.　 D．BitGym.
12．What does the author think of digital gaming products?
A．They are the best in improving health.
B．They cast users a great deal of money.
C．They bring certain convenience to users.
D．They suit people of various age groups.
【答案与解析】
9．A　推理判断题。根据第二段中“This program helps you feel less threatened (受到威胁的) by targeting your specific stressors and then adjusts based on your interaction with the app.”可知，在第二段中提到Fitness Evolved的目的是为了展示虚拟健身科技的设计原理。故选A。
10．B　词义猜测题。根据第三段中“This online video platform combines the advantages of having a human instructor with the perks of practicing in the comfort of your own home.”这个在线视频平台把一个人类教练的优势和在舒适的家中练习的好处结合起来。由此推知，画线词的意思是“利益，好处”，故选B。
11．D　细节理解题。根据最后一段中“BitGym … you're given beautiful virtual scenery…”可知，在BitGym你能欣赏到虚拟的自然美景。故选D。
12．C　推理判断题。根据第二段中“Now fun and fitness are combined … and Kinect Sports.”和第三段中“A wide variety of programs are offered through the platform … that suits their level of fitness.”可知，作者认为数字游戏产品为用户带来了一定的便利。故选C。
D
(湖南省三湘名校教育联盟2018届高三第三次联考)When asked how technology might improve the lives of people with vision impairments (视力障碍), Joann Becker presented a misleadingly simple challenge.“Well，” the vision impairments tech specialist recalls saying.“I'd like to be able to find my bus stop through Be My Eyes”．
Be My Eyes, which went live in 2015, establishes a direct video connection between visually impaired users and sighted volunteers.The assumption is simple: Many people who are blind don't need any actual assistance in completing their daily tasks, but merely need a little help.
A sighted volunteer might be asked to help identify which of two cans contains tomatoes.In this case, the visually impaired user can cook a meal just fine on his/her own—all he/she needs is a quick confirmation that he/she has the correct can.The model appears to be working; more than 540,000 volunteers and nearly 40,000 people with low vision are registered on the app.
“An elderly woman can now help a visually impaired technician set up his computer，” says founder Hans Wiberg, who has very low vision.“She doesn't need to know a thing about computers.She only needs to read what is presented on the screen.Then he can do the rest.”
Early assistive technology centered on dedicated devices (专用设备), because of the niche market (缝隙市场), which sold for hundreds or even thousands of dollars.But the smartphone, multipurpose and near­universal, has completely changed the economy of scale.
“There are larger market forces driving high­powered computation, high­quality engineering and high­quality battery management in the smartphone market than those in a specialty product，” says Aaron Steinfeld, a research professor at the Robotics Institute at Carnegie Mellon University.
“The reality is, most sighted people don't know somebody who is blind.” Becker says.“They think the solutions that a blind person needs are far more expansive, it turns out, they need to be.I think these apps are enabling sighted people to see that blind people just need some simple clues to help them do any number of things in their lives.”
13．What is the first paragraph used for in the text?
A．Showing the main idea.
B．Introducing the topic.
C．Giving one example.
D．Making a conclusion.
14．How does the app Be My Eyes work?
A．By creating a video link between the blind and sighted one.
B．By recognizing which of two cans have tomatoes and cooking.
C．By establishing a high­quality engineering and computation.
D．By flashing the everyday tasks of the technician and volunteers.
15．From the text we can know ________.
A．only people with low vision are registered to use the app
B．slight assistance can help the blind free from some troubles
C．volunteers should be very familiar with high­tech computers
D．Joann Becker thinks it hard to find a bus stop by using Be My Eyes
【答案与解析】
13．B　推理判断题。第二段第一句是本文话题句，由此可知第一段“I'd like to be able to find my bus stop through Be My Eyes”．是为了介绍文章话题。故答案为B。
14．A　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，the app Be My Eyes通过在有视觉障碍的人和视力正常的人之间建立一个视频链接来工作。故选A。
15．B　推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，微小的帮助可以为盲人解决一些麻烦。故选B。
Ⅱ.七选五
(北京市海淀区2018届高三二模英语试题)
Sleep and Teens—Biology and Behavior
How much sleep do teens need? And how much sleep are they realistically getting? Based on current data, most teens need about 9­plus hours to have the best or most suitable sleep night.　1　
Many factors combine to decrease sleep in adolescents.We can think in general of two major factors: biological, the brain processes that regulate the amount and timing of sleep, and behavior, all the psychological, parental, societal, cultural features of teen's life.
　2　These changes lay the ground work for the biological night to occur later during the teen years than before.Circadian Rhythms (daily biological clock) seems to slow down as young people progress through the middle school years.At the same time, the sleep pressure system appears to change in a way that makes it easier to stay awake longer, though without changing the amount of sleep that is needed.
Moreover, many teens have a “technological playground” in their bedrooms: television, computer with 24/7 Internet access, telephones, electronic game stations, MP3 players, and so forth.These technologies provide instant and constant contact with peers.Societal and media pressure to consume these technologies is now higher than ever.Yet society also requires that teens go to school at a time of day that is at odds with their biological and social lives.So we see teens turn to caffeine, late­night Internet and cramming in activity after activity as a means to keep awake.　3　
Problems emerge for lack of sleep.　4　For some, grades begin to suffer as they struggle to keep awake during class and while doing homework.And others may simply feel moody, never knowing how to feel or do their best.Worse still, many teens suffer from both physical and mental illness.
　5　The earlier teens can start this good sleep habit, the easier it will be for them to stay healthy, happy and smart.
A．Sleep experts recommend teens keep consistent sleep and wake schedule.
B．Teens may schedule sleep like any other daily activity and make sleep a priority.
C．Then they are trapped into a terrible situation where they would never get enough sleep.
D．The sleep­wake bio­regulatory factors appear to change significantly during adolescence.
E．Some teenagers struggle to wake up in the morning, often resulting in late or missed school.
F．Teens may be driven to things that can wake them up because they'll fall asleep if they do not.
G．However, it is indicated that most teens fall short of this goal, many by a considerable amount.
【答案】1～5　GDCEA
[语言知识运用组块练]
Ⅰ.完形填空
Years ago，I worked at the Ringling Brothers Barnum & Bailey Circus.One day，as I was passing the elephants，I suddenly stopped，__1__by the fact that these huge creatures were being held by only a small rope tied to their front leg.It was__2__that they could，at any time，break free，__3__strangely enough，they didn't.I asked a trainer the__4__for this.
He said，“When they were very young we used the__5__size rope，and it was enough to hold them.As they grow up，they believe the rope can__6__hold them，so they never try.”
Like the elephants，how many of you believe you cannot do a thing，simply because you__7__once before？Do you often tell__8__“I cannot dance” or “I'm not good at math”？
These are__9__of self­limiting beliefs.You must realize you're__10__for them.A limiting belief that says you're poor at math may have__11__as a reaction to the embarrassing experiences related to math，or the remarks made by someone important to you which__12__you.The cool thing is that because you create the__13__you can choose to change it！Here is how：
First，__14__it with “I am good at math.” Once you change your__15__，your subconsciousness will make this__16__by driving you to act.That might be to take a math course or to go online__17__help，etc.Gradually you'll really see your math skills are__18__.
This is such a simple process that you can__19__it today.Don't be like the poor elephant and make your life__20__at a place because of a limiting belief you developed years ago.
1．A.excited　　　　　　　　 B．confused
C．discouraged D．worried
2．A.impossible B．doubtful
C．uncertain D．obvious
3．A.but B．or
C．and D．so
4．A.case B．result
C．reason D．choice
5．A.same B．bigger
C．smaller D．different
6．A.narrowly B．almost
C．still D．hardly
7．A.did B．failed
C．tried D．succeeded
8．A.yourself B．others
C．your teacher D．your partner
9．A.causes B．stories
C．results D．examples
10．A.conscious B．honest
C．responsible D．depended
11．A.stopped B．referred
C．changed D．originated
12．A.interested B．disappointed
C．bored D．inspired
13．A.belief B．experience
C．embarrassment D．remark
14．A.represent B．compare
C．mix D．replace
15．A.action B．thought
C．aim D．plan
16．A.come true B．run out
C．on guard D．keep cool
17．A.at B．by
C．for D．in
18．A.improved B．judged
C．realized D．recognized
19．A.finish B．continue
C．keep D．begin
20．A.involved B．stuck
C．unfinished D．changed
【答案与解析】
1．B　由这些庞大的动物仅仅用一根细绳绑住前腿可知，作者感到困惑。confused“困惑的”。
2．D　句意：很明显他们在任何时候都可以挣脱。it is obvious that意为“明显的是”。impossible“不可能的”；doubtful“怀疑的”；uncertain“不确定”。
3.A　由下句句意可知此处表转折。故用but。
4.C　根据文章可知作者向驯兽师询问“缘由”。
5.A　the same size rope意为“同样粗细的绳子”。
6.C　由上下文可知，当他们长大的时候，他们相信绳子“依然”能够拴住他们，因此他们从不尝试。
7．B　由语境可知，像大象一样，很多人仅仅因为以前“失败”过一次，就相信自己不能做某事。fail意为“失败”。
8．A　根据后面“I cannot dance”，可知你告诉“你自己”。
9．D　句意：这是自己局限自己的例子。后面提到了数学差的事例(examples)。
10．C　由句意可知，你必须意识到你要对它们负责。be responsible for意为“对……负责”。
11．D　句意：一种局限的信念认为数学差是起源于和数学有关的尴尬的经历。originate意为“起源于”。
12．B　此处是对你重要的人做出的让你“失望地”评价。
13．A　因为是你自己产生的这种“信念”。belief“相信；信念”。
14．D　根据句意可知“用我擅长数学来代替”。replace“代替”。
15．B　由上文可知因为自己失败过而不相信自己能成功，故此处指“一旦改变了思想”。action“行动”；thought“思想”；aim“目标”；plan“计划”。
16．A　句意：你的潜意识驱使着你去行动，让你实现这一切。come true“实现”。
17．C　for help意为“为了寻求帮助”。for是介词，意为“为了”。
18．A　由前文skills可知，此处应用“improve”，表示“提高技能”。improve改善；提高；judge判断；realize实现；recognize认出。
19．D　句意：这是一个如此简单的过程，你可以从今天就开始。
20．B　由上下文可知，不要让生活“固定”在一个地方。be stuck at意为“被困于……”。不要像那只可怜的大象一样，仅仅因为多年前形成的观点，而让你的生活固定在一个地方。
Ⅱ.语法填空
(河北省衡水中学2018届高三模拟押题卷二)Roofs and windows of buildings aren't the only surfaces that can be used to produce solar power.In China，1.________(construct)has begun of the country's first solar highway, in which solar panels are placed underneath transparent concrete.
The solar highway is a 2 km stretch(一段)of road 2.________(lie)on the Jinan City Expressway, and it's divided into three layers.The see­through concrete protects a set of solar panels of two 3.________(size)．Beneath the solar panels 4.________(be)a layer that separates them from the damp ground.
The road 5.________(it)has already been completed, and now it's only a matter of connecting the grid(输电网), 6.________ is expected to be finished by the end of the year alongside the completion of the Jinan Expressway's south section.
This isn't the first solar road China has worked on.Earlier this year, the Qilu Transportation Development Group, also handling the Jinan Expressway solar road，7.________(build)a 160­meter­long solar road in 8.________city of Jinan.It has the ability of heating up to keep the highway clear 9.________ snow and ice and is able to 10.________(wireless) charge electric vehicles.The new solar highway is expected to one day be equipped with the same features.
【答案】1.construction　2.lying　3.sizes　4.is　5.itself　6.which　7.built　8.the　9.of　10.wirelessly
[书面表达组块练]
Ⅰ.短文改错
Many people complain that life changes too fast.But the taste for the food we grew up with hardly fades.I grow up in a family of three generations under one roof.Live together with dozens of relatives proved to be a great fun.My grandma should tell us amazing ancient stories while making cakes in the shape of lovely animals for us.My uncle，he works at a local restaurant，would bring some of his best dishes back home to share in the family.I have traveled to other place in China，but ever have I tasted any dish better than my uncle's.
The TV program，A Bite of China，is more than about food.It is well­received indeed.As food lovers，we attracted by the impressive­looking food，and we are more impressed by people's love for the food，the hometown and their culture.
【答案】
Many people complain that life changes too fast.But the taste for the food we grew up with hardly fades.I up in a family of three generations under one roof. together with dozens of relatives proved to be great fun.My grandma tell us amazing ancient stories while making cakes in the shape of lovely animals for us.My uncle， works at a local restaurant，would bring some of his best dishes back home to share the family.I have traveled to other in China，but have I tasted any dish better than my uncle's.
The TV program，A Bite of China，is more than about food.It is well­received indeed.As food lovers，we attracted by the impressive­looking food， we are more impressed by people's love for the food，the hometown and their culture.
Ⅱ.书面表达
英语课上，老师要求同学们分享自己最喜欢的一则广告。假定下图是你分享的广告，请你根据以下要点提示，准备一篇发言稿。

要点提示：
1．描述这则广告；
2．这则广告如何吸引了你；
3．你从广告中得到的启示。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。
Hello, everyone! I would like to share one of my favorite advertisements with you.
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
That's all.Thank you for listening.
【参考范文】
Hello,_everyone!_I_would_like_to_share_one_of_my_favorite_advertisements_with_you.
My favorite advertisement is a public service advertisement that inspires us to develop a positive attitude towards life.The slogan is “Smile and the Whole World Smiles with You.” The designer uses a tree whose leaves are energetic to represent life.
What attracts me most is that the advertisement sends us a message: if we look at life positively, we will be rewarded with love, confidence, happiness and success.So a positive attitude is the key to our happy life.
In my view, our life is short and all of us may get into trouble from time to time.If we focus on the bright side of life, we will be brave enough to face any difficulty that lies ahead of us so that we can enjoy life to the fullest.
That's_all.Thank_you_for_listening.
[单元基础回顾练]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．China has increased supply of low­rent apartments recently, ________(aim) to help low­income families have places to live in.
2．The Seventeenth Food Exhibition held in Nanjing on January 26th, 2018 ________(appeal) to many people from the world.
3．Since the matter was extremely ________(urge)，two policemen were sent to deal with it on the scene immediately.
4．If you put a stone in the way of an ant, it will go around, over, under or on top, without stopping, until it finds a way to get ________ it needs to be.
5．Please explain it to us again because your meaning didn't really get________.
6．Keeping your body in shape is __________ (benefit) to mental health.
7．At the party they sang，danced，ate，drank and played tricks ________each other.
8．It was meant ________(be) just a one­time show，but it was so popular that they continued it.
9．The programme is designed ________(help)people who have been out of work for a long time.
10．We strongly recommend ________(report) the incident to the police.
【答案】1.aiming　2.appealed　3.urgent　4.where
5．across　6.beneficial　7.on　8.to be　9.to help　10.reporting
Ⅱ.一句多译
1．只有用这种方法才能说服他戒烟。
①Only by this means is it possible to persuade him________ ________ smoke.
②Only by this means is it possible to persuade him________ ________ smoking.
③Only by this means is it possible to persuade him to ________ ________ smoking.
2．这个新规定对所有相关的人都有好处。
①The new regulation will be________ ________to everyone concerned.
②The new regulation will be __________to everyone concerned.
③The new regulation will__________ everyone concerned.
④Everyone concerned will ________ ________the new regulation.
3．随着期末考试的临近，老师敦促我们努力学习。
①Our teacher urges us ________hard with the final exam drawing near.
②Our teacher urges us________ studying hard with the final exam drawing near.
③Our teacher urges that we ________hard，as the final exam is drawing near.
4．如果你不知道如何处理这个问题，我建议你向李先生求教。
①If you don't know ________ ________do with it，I suggest you turn to Mr.Li for advice.
②If you don't know ________ ________deal with it，I suggest you turn to Mr.Li for advice.
5．我建议你在做任何决定之前要认真考虑。
①I recommend you/your__________ carefully before you make any decision.
②I recommend you ________ ________carefully before you make any decision.
③I recommend that you __________carefully before you make any decision.
【答案】1.① not to ② out of　③give up　2.①of benefit
②beneficial　③benefit　④benefit from　3.① to study
②into　③(should) study　4.①what to　②how to
5．① thinking　②to think　③(should)think