2020新课标高考牛津版英语第一轮总复习讲义：第1部分Book4　Unit2　Sportsevents


Book 4　Unit 2　Sports events
晨读暮诵　单元话题——文娱与体育

1．theatre n．剧院
2．culture n．文化
3．museum n．博物馆
4．traditional adj.传统的
5．beneficial adj.有益的
6．voluntary adj.志愿的
7．activity n．活动
8．coach n．教练
9．athlete n．运动员
10．audience n．听众，观众
11．championship n．锦标赛
12．judge n．裁判
13．event n．事件；大事
14．stadium n．(露天大型)体育场
15．gold medal金牌
16．run against和……赛跑
17．have fun with玩得开心
18．be faced with面对
19．build up one's body增强体质
20．fall behind落后

1．For one thing，running can cheer us up；for another，it can keep us healthy.
一方面，跑步可以使我们开心；另一方面，它可以使我们保持健康。
2．You will fall behind unless you start working hard from now on.
除非你从现在开始努力，不然你将会落后。
3．We all had to take part in the training run，with nobody excepted.
我们大家都得参加跑步训练，无人例外。
4．All the players compete for honor as well as gold medals.
运动员们为金牌而战也为荣誉而战。

(2017·高考北京卷)你的英国朋友Jim所在的学校要组织学生来中国旅行，有两条线路可以选择：“长江之行”或者“泰山之旅”。Jim来信希望你能给些建议。请你给他回信，内容包括：
1．你建议的线路；
2．你的理由；
3．你的祝愿。
注意：1.词数不少于50；
2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
[参考范文]
Dear_Jim,_
I'm happy to receive your letter and know you're coming to China.
Of the two trips to the Yangtze River and Mount Tai, both are highly recommended. Personally, I prefer the tour along the Yangtze, the longest river and one of the mother rivers of Chinese civilization. You can learn a lot about the history of China and Chinese people. Moreover, the scenery along the river is amazing, with many well­known sightseeing spots. That's why I think the trip along the Yangtze will be a better choice.
Hope you'll have a good time in China.
Yours，
Li_Hua


[高频词汇]
1．________(n.)委员会
2. ________ (adj.)现代的，当代的；同一时代的
3．________(n.)冠军，优胜者
4．________(n.&vt.)尝试，努力，试图
5．________(n.)交通运输系统；交通工具；运输(vt.)运输，运送
6．________(n.)公民；居民
7．________(adv.)否则，不然
8．________(n.&adj.)常规(的)
9．________(n.)起源，起因；出身
10．________(adv.)往户外，在户外
11．________(n.)洲，大陆
12．________(n.)预算(vi.&vt.)编制预算
13．________(vt.)去除，移开；开除；免除，解除(职务)
14．________(n.)力量；能量；影响力；权力；统治
15．________(adj.)愤愤不平的；令人不快的；味苦的；严寒的
16．________(adv.)与此同时；在此期间
17．________(adj.)宝贵的，珍贵的
【答案】1.committee　2.contemporary　3.champion
4．attempt　5.transport　6.citizen　7.otherwise　8.routine
9．origin　10.outdoors　11.continent　12.budget　13.remove
14．power　15.bitter　16.meanwhile　17.precious
[派生词汇]
1．________(vi.)比赛；竞争→________(adj.)竞争的→________(n.)竞争者→________(n.)比赛；竞争
2．________(n.)重要性，意义→________(adj.)重要的，有意义的
3．________(n.)缺席，不在场；不存在→________(adj.)不在的，缺席的
4．________(adj.)频繁的，经常发生的→________(adv.)频繁地→________(n.)频繁
5．________(n.)技术，工艺，技巧→ ________(adj.)技术的；工艺的→________ (n.)技术；科技
[词缀归纳]
在significance一词中，“­ance”为构成名词后缀。常见还有：acquaintance n．相识的人，熟人，allowance n．津贴，补贴，appearance n．出现；外貌，guidance n．指导；领导。
【答案】1.compete；competitive；competitor；competition
2．significance；significant　3.absence；absent　4.frequent；
frequently；frequency　5.technique；technical；technology
[语境活用]
1．Fortunately, she passed her driving test at the first a________.
2．He suggested that they should set up a special ________(委员会) to look into the problem.
3．It's just a r________ medical examination, nothing to get worried about.
4．We mustn't forget the b________ past when we are relieved of our sufferings.
5．How can I r________ the stains from my coat?
6．Concern for the economic situation was reflected in the government's ________(预算)．
7．I went to college.________(同时), all my friends got well­paid jobs.
8．She is a________(频繁的)visitor to our house.
【答案】1.attempt　2.committee　3.routine　 4.bitter
5．remove　6.budget　7.Meanwhile　8.frequent

1．________ tradition　　　按照传统
2．take part ________ 参加
3．in honour ________ 为向……表示敬意
4．bring…back ________ life 使……重生
5．side ________ side 共同；肩并肩
6．________ the way 领先；带路
7．hang ________ 坚持；不要挂断
8．look forward ________ 盼望，期望
9．come up ________ 提出
10．make contributions________ 对……做出贡献
11．be similar ________ 与……相似
12．knock ________ 打翻，撞倒
13．make way ________ 给……让路，让位于……
14．apply ________ sth. 适用于，应用于
15．pass on ________ 转交，传给，递给
16．join sb.________ doing sth. 和某人一起做某事
【答案】1.by　2.in　3.of　4.to　5.by　6.lead　7.on
8．to　9.with　10.to　11.to　12.over　13.for　14.to　15.to　16.in
[语境活用]
1．The professor felt it a great honour to be asked to speak at the meeting held in honour ________the school's birthday.
2．There are three more weeks to go before the NMET. Don't let the air out and hang________.
3．Chinese people, ________ tradition, will rush to have their hair cut on the second day of the second lunar month, hoping that it will bring good fortune.
4．In some places of the Great Wall, ten men can walk side________side.
5．I had worked hard all day at the office, and I was looking forward ______ a relaxing evening at home.
6．But for the Indian boy who ________the way, I would have got lost in the jungle.
7．I wish I could pass ________ all my knowledge at one stroke to these young people.
8．The world makes way ________ a man who knows where he is going.
【答案】1.of　2.on　3.by　4.by　5.to　6.led　7.on　8.for

1. [原句]　He dreamt that the Olympics would make it possible for people of all countries to live side by side in peace.
[点拨]　make it＋adj.＋for sb.to do sth.“使某人做某事怎么样”，其中it是形式宾语，不定式短语为真正宾语。
[仿写]　网络使人们更容易了解世界。
The Internet ________________________________.
2. [原句]　I am sure the whole of China must have felt proud when Xu Haifeng won the first gold medal for his country.
[点拨]　must have done表示对过去的肯定性推测，意为“一定”。
[仿写]　我那些无心的话一定伤他很深。
My mindless words ________________________ deeply.
3．[原句]　It was a Frenchman, Pierre de Coubertin, who brought the Olympics back to life.
[点拨]　强调句型：It is/was …that/who …。
[仿写]　正是她告诉他关于这个比赛并鼓励他参加。
It was ____________ told him about the competition and encouraged him to go for it.
4. [原句]　The Eagles went home angry and bitter because they did not win the tournament.
[点拨]　形容词angry and bitter作状语，用来说明主语的状态。
[仿写]　让我们感到宽慰的是，那个迷路的小孩子十天后返回了家里，疲惫不堪却很健康。
To our relief, the missing child returned home ten days later，________________.
【答案】1.made it easier for people to know about the world
2．must have hurt him　3.she who　4.tired but healthy

第一板块　核心词汇
[基础知识要牢记]
1．delighted adj.高兴的，快乐的，愉快的
(1)be delighted at/with/by 　对……感到高兴
be delighted to do sth. 很高兴做某事
be delighted that… 很高兴……
(2)delight n. [U]快乐，高兴；[C]使人高兴的事，乐事
vt.&vi. (使)高兴；以……为乐
have/find/take/delight in(doing)
高兴(做)……；以(做)……为乐
to one's delight/to the delight of sb.
令某人高兴的是
with/in delight 高兴地，乐意地
①They were delighted at the news that their team had won.
听到他们队获胜的消息，他们很高兴。
②Low is a kind­hearted lady with a positive attitude toward life because she takes delight ________ helping others.
洛是个对生活态度积极的善良女人，因为她以帮助别人为乐。
③Much to his ________，he saw his mistress' blue shirt in the distance.
让他非常高兴的是，在远处他看到了女主人蓝色的衬衣。
【答案】②in　③delight
2．compete vi.比赛；竞争
(1)compete with/against…for…　　为争取……而与……对抗/竞争
compete for 为……而竞争
compete in 参加……比赛；在……方面竞争
(2)competition n. 竞争，比赛
competitor n. 对手；竞争者
competitive adj. 有竞争力的
①Advertising is an intensely competitive business.
广告业是一个竞争激烈的行业。
②Many athletes took part in the Olympic Games to compete ________ more than gold medals.
许多运动员参加这届奥运会不仅仅是为了金牌。
③Several advertising agencies are ________ to get the contract.
几家广告公司在竞争这份合同。
【答案】②for　③competing
[巧学助记]
It's an amazing competition—the twin competitors are going to compete with each other in the judo.
这是一场令人惊奇的比赛——这对双胞胎参赛者将在柔道比赛中彼此对抗。

3．absence n．缺席，不在场；不存在；缺乏，没有
(1)absence from work/school　缺勤/缺课
absence of mind 心不在焉
in/during one's absence
＝in/during the absence of sb. 在某人不在时/缺席
in/during the absence of sth. 在缺乏某物时
(2)absent adj. 缺席的；不在的；茫然的
be absent from 不参加；缺席……
①But conscientiousness in the absence of social skills can lead to problems.
但是缺少社会技能的认真负责可能会导致问题。
②He returns to the England team after a long absence ________ international football.
他在离开国际足坛很长一段时间之后重返英格兰队。
③I'll do my best to make up for the missing lessons during my ________.
我会尽力补上我缺课期间落下的功课。
【答案】②from　③absence
4．attempt n．& vt.尝试，努力，试图；企图
(1)attempt to do sth.　努力/企图做某事
(2)make an attempt to do/at doing sth. 试图做某事
at the first attempt 第一次尝试
(3)attempted adj. 未遂的，企图的
an attempted murder 企图谋杀/谋杀未遂
①In an attempt to diffuse the tension I suggested that we break off for lunch.
为了消除紧张感，我建议我们停下来去吃饭。
②Suspected of being involved in the ________ murder, she was questioned by the police.
由于她被怀疑参与了一起谋杀未遂案，她被警察询问了。
③Shelly had prepared carefully for the biology examination, so that she could be sure of passing it ______________ the first attempt.
雪莉认真准备生物考试，这样她可以保证一次就通过。
[词义辨析]
attempt
指尝试或企图做某事，虽然付出了很大努力，但不一定成功，后接名词、不定式，也可用作名词
try
指努力或试图做某事，但并不知道结果成功与否，可接不定式或动名词
manage
指成功地做成某事，尤指困难的事。manage to do sth.相当于succeed in doing sth.
④Tom ________ to pass the driving test but failed while his sister ________ to pass it at her first ________.
【答案】②attempted　③at　④tried　managed　attempt
5．otherwise adv.&conj.否则，不然adv.在其他方面
(1)otherwise (conj.)＝or/or else/if not
(2)otherwise (adv.)＝differently/in another way
＝in the other way/in a different way
①The rent is high，but otherwise(＝in the other way) the house is satisfactory.
房租是贵，可这房子在别的方面倒令人满意。
②I was ill that day, otherwise I ________________ part in the sports meet.
那天我病了，否则我会去参加运动会的。
【答案】②would have taken
[温馨提示]　otherwise作连词且意为“否则，不然”时，其后的句子所述的情况如果与事实相反，则用虚拟语气；如果与事实相符，则用陈述语气。
6．remove vt.去除，移开；拿走；开除；免职；脱去(衣物)；搬迁
remove…from　　　　　　把……从……移开
remove from…to…　　　　　 从……搬到……
remove sb.from school　 开除某人；勒令某人退学
remove one's doubt/trouble　 消除某人的疑虑/烦恼
[一词多义]
写出下列句中remove的含义。
①Our office has removed to Shanghai from Beijing.________
②The company has removed the manager from his post due to his poor performance.________
③If a nest has four eggs and you remove one, the bird will not notice.________
④When all potential for ugliness is removed, so is all of the potential for beauty.________
⑤The doctor asked Mr. King to remove his trousers so that he could give him an examination.________
【答案】①搬迁　②免职　③拿走　④去掉，清除　⑤脱去
7．in honour of纪念……，向……表示敬意
(1)honour n．[U]　　　尊敬；荣誉；[单数]荣幸
　　　　vt. 尊敬，尊重(某人)；给予荣誉
(2)do an honour to sb.＝do sb.an honour 赏光；给……带来荣誉
have the honour of doing/to do sth. 有幸做某事
feel it an honour to do sth. 感到做……是荣幸的事
it is an honour for sb.to do sth.＝it's sb.'s
honour to do sth. 做某事是某人的荣幸
(3)be/feel honoured to do sth. 很荣幸做某事
be honoured as… 被授予……的称号
be honoured with 被授予……
①Earlier this year I had the honour of meeting the President and Mrs Trump.
今年早些时候，我有幸见到了特朗普总统和他的夫人。
②It is my honour ________ here to share with you my opinions on what to learn in senior high school.
我很荣幸能在这里与你们分享关于高中要学习什么的看法。
③He felt ________ to study English literature with you.
与你一起学习英国文学他感到很荣幸。
【答案】②to be　③honoured
8．hang on(＝hold on)不挂断；(在逆境中)坚持；紧紧握住，保留(to sth.)
hang on to　　　　　　　保留，保存；紧紧抓住
hang about/around　　　 闲荡
hang out　　 逗留；闲荡
hang back 退缩；踌躇不前
hang up　　 挂断电话
①“Hang on, Mum，” he said.“This won't take a second.”
他说：“坚持住，妈妈，这用不了多久。”
②When she hung ________，she quickly crawled under her covers，sobbing.
当她挂断电话，她很快爬上了床，盖上东西哭泣。
③Years ago there was a group of kids who would hang ________ at some local ponds in the woods near their houses in Warwick, Rhode Island.
几年前，有一群小孩总在罗得岛州沃里克，他们家附近的小树林中的池塘边闲荡。
【答案】②up　③around/about/out
[巧学助记]Last weekend, I phoned Mary and hung on for several minutes, but in the end she hung up on me, which made me angry.I had to hang around in the street to calm down.
上个周末，我打电话给玛丽，等了几分钟，但最后她挂了我的电话，这让我非常气愤。我不得不在街上闲逛以平静下来。
[易错点拨]hang有两层意思：一作“绞死；吊死”，规则变化；二作“悬挂”，不规则变化，过去式和过去分词都是hung。
9．make way for给……让路，让位于……
make one's way to　　　　前往，到……去
lose one's way 迷路
feel one's way 摸索着走；谨慎行事
pave the way for 为……铺平道路
give way to 让路；让步；屈服
find one's way 找到解决办法；到达，进入
①To make way for the new museum，we have to knock some old houses down near here.
为了给新建博物馆腾地方，我们不得不把这里附近的一些旧房子拆除。
②We ____________ in that small village, otherwise we would have visited more places of interest yesterday.
我们在那个小村庄迷路了，否则我们昨天就可能多参观几处名胜了。
③He ____________ across the room when the lights went out.
当灯熄灭时他摸索着走过房间。
【答案】②lost our way　③felt his way
[词汇训练全通关]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．—More than thirty students competed ________ each other in the English competition.
—But they could only compete ________ three medals.
2．________(delight) at her success，her parents took her to an expensive restaurant to celebrate.
3．As computers are more and more important nowadays，handwritten letters are gradually making way ________ e­mails.
4．The blind crossed the street with the boy________(lead) the way.
5．Up to now，thousands of red phone boxes，the old image of Britain，________(remove) due to mobile phones.
6．—Sorry，I have to hang ________ now.It's time for class.
—OK，I'll call back later.
7．Social support helps people keep away from diseases，and the ________ (absent) of such support makes poor health more likely.
8．The plan was so shallow and impractical that no serious ________ (attempt) was ever made to realize it.
9．Their problem today is somewhat similar ________what they faced many years ago.
10．He is closely ________ (association) in the public mind with horror movies.
【答案】1.with/against；for　2.Delighted　3.for　4.leading
5．have been removed　6.up　7.absence　8.attempt　9.to
10．associated
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．When Ning Zetao arrived, all the people waiting there made way of him.
_____________________________________________________________
2．What we are told today is of very significance.
_____________________________________________________________
3．Three bullets removed from his wounds.
_____________________________________________________________
4．I feel that it's a honour to meet you here.
_____________________________________________________________
5．No matter how difficulty you meet with, we'll help you out.
_____________________________________________________________
【答案】1.of →for　2.very→great　3.bullets后加were
4．a→an　5.how →what
第二板块　经典句式
[基础知识要牢记]
1．I am sure the whole of China must_have_felt_proud when Xu Haifeng won the first gold medal for his country.
我相信，当许海峰为自己的祖国赢得第一枚金牌时，整个中国一定都为之骄傲。
句中“must have felt proud”是“must have done”结构，它表示对过去情况的肯定推测，此用法只用于肯定句，否定句中用can't/couldn't have done(不可能)。
①Looking at her large empty apartment, I became aware of how lonely my mother must have been in Brazil herself.
看着她宽大而又空荡的房子，我意识到我的母亲自己一个人在巴西一定很孤独。
②Mary ________________________ your money.She has gone home.
玛丽不可能偷你的钱，她回家去了。
【答案】②can't have stolen
[温馨提示]　“must have done”结构的反意疑问句：(1)若陈述句谓语部分有“must have done”，而且有表示过去的时间状语，问句部分用“didn't＋主语”；(2)若没有表示过去的时间状语，问句部分用“haven't/hasn't＋主语”。试比较：
She must have attended the party last week，didn't she?
她上个星期一定参加了聚会，对吗？
The room must have been cleaned，hasn't it?
这个房间一定被打扫过了，是吗？

(2018·高考天津卷，单项选择10)I can't find my purse.I could have left it in the supermarket yesterday, but I'm not sure.
[分析]　根据句中的时间状语yesterday可知，是对过去事情的推测，故用情态动词＋have done, 再根据后句but I'm not sure 可知，此推测为不能肯定的情况，用情态动词could，表示“可能”
[翻译]　我找不到我的钱包了，昨天我有可能把它落在超市了，但我不确定。
2．The Eagles went home angry_and_bitter because they did not win the tournament.
鹰队在锦标赛上铩羽而归，既恼火又愤愤不平。
句中的angry and bitter是形容词短语，在句中作状语。形容词(短语)在句中作状语，可以用来表示原因、时间、方式等，说明主语所处的状态。
①Modest and easy­going, he soon put everyone at ease.
他谦逊又开朗，很快就使大家一点也不紧张了。
②On my way home, I saw a middle­aged man lying by the roadside, very drunk.
在我回家的途中，我看到一个中年男子躺在路边，烂醉如泥。
③The injured driver was stuck in the damaged car，____________.
受伤的司机被困在受损的小汽车里，一动不能动。
【答案】③unable to move
[温馨提示]　形容词作原因状语，有无being区别不大。试比较：
Poor, he couldn't afford a TV set.(形容词作原因状语)
因为穷，他买不起电视机。
Being poor，he couldn't afford a TV set.(现在分词作原因状语)
[句式训练全通关]
Ⅰ.句型转换
1．The decision was made while I was not there.
→The decision was made________________________.
2．Because he felt thirsty and eager to get a little rest, he went into the tea­house and seated himself at a table.
→________________ to get a little rest, he went into the tea­house and seated himself at a table.
3．They must have gone there last night.(变为反意疑问句)
→They must have gone there last night，________________？
4．They must have arrived by now. (变为反意疑问句)
→They must have arrived by now，________________？
【答案】1.in my absence　2.Thirsty and eager
3．didn't they　4.haven't they　
Ⅱ.话题写作
根据提示，利用本单元所学知识，完成下面小作文。
1．众所周知，奥运会每四年举办一次。(It's known that…)
2．许多国家都想申办奥运会，因为它不仅是展示国力的机会，同时也是一种荣誉。(in the meanwhile，honour)
3．在奥运会上，运动员们不仅在为金牌而比赛，也为国家荣誉而战。他们都为奥运会做出了贡献。(compete for，make contributions to)
【参考范文】
It's known that the Olympic Games are held every four years.Many countries hope to bid for hosting Olympics，because it is a chance to display the ability of a country；in the meanwhile，it is an honour to host it.At the Olympic Games，the athletes compete for not only gold medals，but also for the honour of their homeland.They make great contributions to the Olympic Games.

[阅读理解组块练]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Sports and exercise tend to go hand in hand.So people involved in sports gradually become fitter.While this can be achieved by dieting and hitting the gym too，sports make this process fun，as the person involved in a sport is so busy enjoying himself or herself that he or she loses track of time.
A healthy mind comes from a healthy body.It is no surprise that since most sports usually involve exercise，it makes for the mind as the feel­good hormones(荷尔蒙) of the body，called endorphins，are released.They are stress killers and bring a relaxing feeling.
Getting better at a sport is a skill that may not have a financial relation to your life，but it can definitely have an impact on the quality of your life.People respect those who show excellence in any field，and sports are no exception.If this is turned into a skill，then it can even lead to ways of developing a career.
Many popular sports like American football，soccer，basketball，volleyball，etc.，are played in teams.This teaches values and skills like leadership，communication，and sacrifice.Not only does this benefit the person in developing a better game，but it actually helps in all walks of life，as these values are essential if one is to lead a good life.
All sports have an outcome.One side wins，and the other loses.Winning and losing is a part of life.Sports teach this lesson to people.Some people glide along as long as there are no hardships in life，but the moment the life is against them，they find their emotional strength decreasing.Sports definitely teach a person how to take losses with grace and move on to achieve greater things in the face of difficulties.
Children and adolescents are filled with physical energy.Teenage is such an impressionable age.If adolescents are given free time they may get involved in wrong activities，may fall in bad company，or may also become anti­social.But when they are involved in sports，their physical energies are used up in a constructive way.
In sports，a person has to make quick decisions depending upon the situation that he is in.Thus，a person who is involved in sports is able to make wise and quick decisions in other areas of life as well.
When something is improving your health，making you physically fitter，earning you respect among people and generally making you feel better about yourself，it is safe to say that such a thing does a whole world of good to your self­confidence.
Sports are one of the few things out there that do not have any drawbacks.With sports，it is never too late.
1．It is implied in the first paragraph that ________.
A．dieting is more effective than sports
B．sports are the best way to keep fit
C．dieting can also contribute to good health
D．sports increase a person's appetite
2．According to the passage，endorphins can help one ________.
A．feel relaxed
B．promote happiness
C．make quick decisions
D．take losses gracefully
3．Paragraph 4 is mainly about the positive effect of sports on ________.
A．strengthening one's abilities
B．improving teamwork
C．broadening the horizons
D．increasing self­confidence
4．According to the passage，sports are likely to prevent children from ________.
A．making great academic achievements
B．being addicted to computer games
C．building their social relationship
D．behaving in a wrong way
【答案与解析】
1．C　推理判断题。第一段的“While this can be achieved by dieting and hitting the gym too”中的this指代的就是上文中的“gradually become fitter”。故选C项。
2．A　细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“They are stress killers and bring a relaxing feeling.”可知答案。
3．B　段落大意题。根据第四段第一句中的“played in teams”可知本段讲的是体育运动可以培养人的团队精神。
4．D　细节理解题。根据第六段可知，十几岁的青少年正处于易受外界影响的年龄，如果自由时间太多，他们可能就会参与到不良活动中，或者结交坏朋友，或者成为反社会的人，即表现出一些不良行为，而参加运动可以防止他们这些行为。
B
(湖南省2018届高三三十四校联考第二次考试)In my very first job with some archaeologists, I wasn't digging objects out of the ground, instead I was employed as an artist, drawing what they found.However, I was soon more interested in the stories behind the objects than in drawing them and that's how my career in archaeology started.I still draw what I find in my work as a specialist on the Silk Road, the old trade route running from Egypt to Mongolia, and I also work on some underwater projects too.
In archaeology, my all­time hero is an American called Raphael Pumpelly.I first heard about him when I was a student on a trip to Turkmenistan, a country right in the heart of Asia.To get around the country, I had to learn Russian so that I could speak to the local people.When I got there I thought, “Wow! I'm one of the first Americans here！” Then an old man told me about an American archaeologist, Raphael Pumpelly, who was there doing the same thing over 100 years ago.
Archaeology's in my family.My wife's in the same profession, and, although our two boys aren't interested in the future in archaeology themselves, we've been on some great digs together and they love what we do because they get to travel with us.Last summer, we took them to Lake Titicaca in South America, in the high areas of the Andes mountain range.My best experience was when I was digging on the Egyptian Red Sea coast.There's very little rain and it's so dry that everything is kept as it was.In an old house, where the owner used to store goods from the ships that came in, I picked up a 700­year­old mat in front of the house and there, under it, after all that time, was the house key with the owner's name carved on it.It felt like he could be on his way home any minute! And I thought, “Hey, I do just that.This man's not much different to me！”
5．While working in Egypt, what did the writer find so interesting?
A．That people from different centuries can be so similar.
B．The fact that the doormat was in such good condition.
C．The way the people managed to live in such a dry place.
D．That there had been so much trade in that area.
6．Which entry will the writer probably make in his diary?
A．Turkmenistan is interesting.I'm the first American to come here but I'm glad this is my last trip away.
B．I have been diving today and found some objects for an exhibition.I've just finished drawing them for my records.
C．I wish my children weren't more interested in archaeology and would not work hard in the open like their parents.
D．It's nearly dark but Raphael's still busy digging in that old house.He can be very annoying.He thinks he's the most important person here.
7．What is the writer's main purpose in writing the text?
A．To describe the life of an archaeologist he admires.
B．To persuade people to take up archaeology as a career.
C．To explain what he enjoys about being an archaeologist.
D．To show how archaeologists work.
【答案与解析】
5．A　推理判断题。根据第三段倒数第四句及“This man's not much different to me！”可知作者看见地垫下的钥匙，感觉700年前的那个人就在回家的路上，感觉彼此没有什么不同。故选A.
6．B　推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句可知作者从事丝绸之路路线的画图，还从事水下工作。B项与画展品和水下工作有关，故选B。
7．C　推理判断题。根据第一段第二句和第三段第四句可知作者在文中介绍了自己作为考古学家喜欢做什么，故选C。
C
A Competitive Sport —Cheerleading
Over the years, cheerleading has taken two primary forms: game­time cheerleading and competitive cheerleading.Game­time cheerleaders' main goal is to entertain the crowd and lead them with team cheers, which should not be considered a sport.However, competitive cheerleading is more than a form of entertainment.It is really a competitive sport.

Competitive cheerleading includes lots of physical activity.The majority of the teams require a certain level of tumbling (翻腾运动) ability.It's a very common thing for gymnasts, so it's easy for them to go into competitive cheerleading.Usually these cheerleaders integrate lots of their gymnastics experience including their jumps, tumbling, and overall energy.They also perform lifts and throws.This is where the “fliers” are thrown in the air, held by “bases” in different positions that require strength and working with other teammates.
Competitive cheerleading is also an activity that is governed by rules under which a winner can be declared.It is awarded points for technique, creativity and sharpness.Usually the more difficult the action is, the better the score is.That's why cheerleaders are trying to experience great difficulty in their performance.
Besides, there is also a strict rule of time.The whole performance has to be completed in less than three minutes and fifteen seconds, during which the cheerleaders are required to stay within a certain area.Any performance beyond the limit of time is invalid.
Another reason for the fact that competitive cheerleading is one of the hardest sports is that it has more reported injuries.According to some research, competitive cheerleading is the number one cause of serious sports injuries to women.Emergency room visits for it are five times the number than for any other sport, partially because cheerleaders don't use protective equipment.Smiling cheerleaders are thrown into the air and move down into the arms of the teammates, which may easily cause injuries.Generally, these injuries affect all areas of the body, including wrists, shoulders, ankles, head, and neck.
There can be no doubt that competitive cheerleading is a sport with professional skills.Hopefully, it will appear in the Olympics since cheerleaders are just as athletic and physically fit as those involved in the more accepted sports.It should be noted that it is a team sport and even the smallest mistake made by one teammate can bring the score of the entire team down.So without working together to achieve the goal, first place is out of reach.
8．What is the main purpose of competitive cheerleading?
A．To compare skills of participants.　　
B．To make the audience feel amused.
C．To attract more people to watch events.　
D．To cheer up the competitors on the court.
9．The underlined word “integrate” in Paragraph 2 probably means “________”．
A．examine　　　　　　 B．combine　
C．identify　 D．replace
10．We can learn from the passage that competitive cheerleading ________.
A．lacks necessary guidelines to follow
B．enjoys greater popularity than other sports
C．requires more designed actions than gymnastics
D．has a relatively high rate of damage to the body
11．Which of the following shows the structure of the passage?
I: Introduction　P: Point　Sp: Sub­point (次要点)　C: Conclusion
A.　　　 B．
C. D．
【答案与解析】
8．A　细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句、第二段第一句及“There can be no doubt that competitive cheerleading is a sport with professional skills.”可知竞技拉拉队是一项竞争性强的、具有专业技能的运动。故选A.
9．B　词义猜测题。通常这些拉拉队长会将他们的体操经验融入其中，包括跳跃、翻滚和整体能量。integrate指“整合，结合，融入”与combine同义，故选B。
10．D　细节理解题。根据第五段第一句和最后一句及本段的数据说明，可知竞技拉拉队很容易造成队员受伤，并会造成身体多个部位的伤害。故选D。
11．C　推理判断题。文章第一段是总体介绍竞技拉拉队，第二段介绍其包括内容和标准，第三、四段介绍其难度很高，第五段介绍竞技拉拉队受伤率很高。最后一段得出结论竞技拉拉队是一项具有专业技能的运动。属于总分总结构，故选C。
D
Doing yoga regularly offers many benefits, including making you feel better about your body as you become stronger and more flexible(柔韧的), strengthening your muscles, reducing stress, and improving your mental and physical health. But will it help you lose weight?
Practicing any type of yoga will build strength, but some types may not raise your heart rate enough to help you carry out your weight­loss plan. It depends on the type of yoga you select and how frequently you practice it.
In order to lose weight, you must eat healthily and burn calories by doing exercise that raises your heart rate on a regular basis. Some types of yoga, such as Iyengar, in which yoga poses are held for several minutes with a resting period between each pose, will build muscles and improve your posture(姿势), but will not give you the workout you need to lose weight.
If you plan to make yoga your primary form of exercise, you must do a 90­minute yoga class at least three times a week. Many people also choose to combine yoga with running, walking or other aerobic(有氧的) exercises in order to reach their weight­loss goals.
The type of yoga you need to do is called vinyasa or flow yoga. This style of yoga is based on the performance of a series of poses called sun salutations (拜日式). Vinyasa includes many popular and athletic yoga styles. For weight­loss purposes, try Ashtanga, Power Yoga and Hot Yoga.
Keep yourself exercising by doing yoga at home on the days you can't make a class. Follow along with a video or audio recording if you are new to yoga. When you are ready to plan your own workouts, use these yoga ideas to help you come up with some right choices that will fit your schedule.
12．What are the benefits of regularly practicing yoga?
①improving health　②feeling better　③reducing stress
④losing weight
A．①②③　　　　　　 B．②③④
C．①②④ D．①③④
13．According to the passage, all the following can help you lose weight EXCEPT ________.
A．Ashtanga B．Power Yoga
C．Flow yoga D．Iyengar
14．Paragraph 3 mainly tells us that ________.
A．eating healthily helps us to lose weight
B．all types of yoga can reduce our weight
C．any type of yoga will build our strength
D．some types of yoga can't help burn calories
15．This text is mainly written to ________.
A．show the advantages of practicing yoga
B．help us lose weight by practicing yoga
C．give us suggestions on practicing yoga
D．explain the importance of yoga classes
【答案与解析】
12．A　细节理解题。由文章第一、二段内容可知答案。
13．D　细节理解题。由第三段和倒数第二段内容可知答案。
14．D　主旨大意题。该段从减肥原理和瑜伽的运动量两方面入手指出有的类型的瑜伽锻炼达不到燃烧脂肪(减轻体重)的目的。
15．B　推理判断题。通过阐述“瑜伽能不能减肥以及如何减肥”，作者旨在指导我们怎样利用某些类型的瑜伽达到减肥目的。
Ⅱ.七选五
(山西省太原市2018届高三第二次模拟考试)We were high in the mountains of Xishuangbanna, as far south as you can get in Yunnan, skirting the borders of Myanmar and Laos.The drive was typical, textbook beauty: mountains thick with rubber tree forests, pu'er tea plantations and banana palms and tiny Dai villages.Hidden among the fields of green, I spotted an odd collection of wooden boxes near a tent on the side of the road.　1　
We had run into the current home of Wei Dajing, a 17­year­old apprentice (学徒) beekeeper who was manning his hives.Wei was fresh to the beekeeping life, and had been on the job for just two months and was here to learn from a master beekeeper.Their tent and hive set­up is always temporary.　2　 This particular spot was stationed at a sunny patch of yellow flowers.“Once these flowers die, the rubber trees will be flowering, so we will move toward them，” he told Sam.
Like thieves in the night, the beekeepers will stealthily pack up their hives in the dark once the bees go to sleep.“They are most active around midday when they are collecting their nectar (花蜜)．　3　 ” Wei explained.
The hives were humming, and bees were invasively buzzing around Wei as he spoke to us.Pieces of fruit lay drying among the hives, used to feed the bees and give them an extra boost of energy once Wei bottles up their hard­earned honey.Sam, who also has a couple of his own small hives in his backyard, tells us you must always leave a little bit of honey in the hive.　4　
We waved goodbye to Wei.Back at Sam's house, he gave us a bowlful of local honey.　5　 Lacking the usual sweetness of honey but instead rich with a more savory, spiced flavor, it tasted just like China.
A．It was smooth, thin and runny.
B．Wei skillfully collected honey from the hives.
C．Otherwise the bees get fed up and abandon you.
D．Maybe it is the flowers that give such unique taste to the honey.
E．By 10 p．m. they are asleep in their hives, which is when we move.
F．I asked our excellent guide and new best friend, Sam, to pull over.
G．Wei and his master move their camp as the flowers bloom and die.
【答案】1～5　FGECA
[语言知识运用组块练]
Ⅰ.完形填空
My first full time job after high school was selling vacation packages by telephone for a well­known company.One day，the man that answered the phone sounded a bit out of__1__.I started with my normal tone，and__2__to hear the normal response，“I don't want any”， and be hung up on.__3__he spoke in a faint，__4__voice and began to tell me how he wished he could take a__5__like the one I was offering，but he couldn't because he was dying of emphysema(肺气肿)．He__6__how he was on oxygen，and it took almost all his__7__just to get to the phone to answer the call.I__8__，and my heart fell into my stomach.He told me smoking is what was__9__him.He told me to spend every day with my__10__ones，and tell them all the time how much I love them.At this point，I was in__11__，and couldn't control myself.I put my phone on hold to prevent another__12__from coming in so I could__13__myself.
I decided to send him a card telling him I appreciated his__14__and that I would pray for him and his family.We__15__to write back and forth over the next few months or so，and became very__16__of each other.
About a year later I received a letter from his wife.She told me how Frank's battle with the disease had__17__come to an end.She wanted to thank me for the letters，and then explained how Frank__18__many lives over the years.At his funeral，to__19__just that，they read the first letter I had written to Frank to show__20__he affected a 19­year­old he had never even met.
I will never forget how much that meant to me.
1．A.date B．question
C．work D．breath
2．A.expecting B．deciding
C．offering D．refusing
3．A.Instead B．Besides
C．Once D．Therefore
4．A.exciting B．angry
C．normal D．weak
5．A.job B．vacation
C．present D．risk
6．A.agreed B．imagined
C．explained D．admitted
7．A.time B．energy
C．money D．courage
8．A.doubted B．promised
C．apologized D．smiled
9．A.killing B．boring
C．relaxing D．moving
10．A.respected B．skilled
C．required D．loved
11．A.trouble B．charge
C．tears D．place
12．A.patient B．call
C．worker D．letter
13．A.enjoy B．collect
C．behave D．protect
14．A.advice B．family
C．card D．picture
15．A.forgot B．hated
C．continued D．planned
16．A.careful B．tired
C．ashamed D．fond
17．A.luckily B．finally
C．hopefully D．strangely
18．A.saved B．experienced
C．touched D．ruined
19．A.change B．prevent
C．receive D．show
20．A.how B．when
C．where D．why
【答案与解析】
1．D　由下文知老人得了肺气肿，生命垂危，说话时听起来有一点气喘吁吁。out of breath意为“上气不接下气”。
2．A　由本句后半部分中的内容可知作者“预料”对方的正常回答是不需要任何旅行，并将电话挂断。
3．A　老人的反应与其他人不同，“而是”用微弱的声音与作者进一步交谈。
4．D　下文中提到老人因患有肺气肿而奄奄一息，由此可知他的声音非常“微弱”。
5．B　第一段第一句提到作者的工作是通过电话向别人推销旅游套餐，所以老人希望自己能够参加作者所推荐的“旅行”。
6．C　老人希望自己能够参加旅行，可是心有余而力不足，于是向作者作出“解释”。
7．B　老人需要靠氧气维持自己的生命，接电话几乎耗尽了他所有的“力气”。
8．C　作者想不到对方是一位生命垂危的老人，而且对自己非常客气，于是因冒昧打扰而“道歉”。本句后半部分中的内容也是线索提示。
9．A　老人告诉作者说抽烟是“杀害”自己的罪魁祸首。
10．D　老人告诫作者与自己所爱的人共同度过生命中的每一天，并一直告诉他们自己是多么爱他们。
11．C　此刻，作者“泪流满面”，无法控制自己。
12．B　作者的工作是通过电话向别人推荐旅行套餐，所以握住电话的目的是不让其他“电话”打进来。
13．B　老人的一席话深深地打动了作者，作者情不自禁，潸然泪下，此时需要镇静。collect oneself意为“镇定下来”。
14．A　上文提到老人告诫作者珍惜自己的所爱的人，所以作者非常感激他的“建议”。
15．C　随后的几个月中，作者和老人“继续”写信进行交流。
16．D　随着交流的深入，双方都变得非常“喜欢”彼此。
17．B　老人的妻子告诉作者说老人与疾病的斗争“最终”走到了尽头，言外之意是老人已经不在人世。
18．C　上文提到老人的话让作者深受感动，由此可知多年来老人“感动”了很多生命。
19．D　在老人的葬礼上，为了“表明”这一点，他们宣读了作者写给老人的第一封信。
20．A　通过读作者写给老人的信来展现老人是如何影响他从未见过的人。
Ⅱ.语法填空
In many countries，it is not unusual for families of different backgrounds 1.________(live) together in the shared space.However，in the United States，this idea may still be considered strange.
But this type of housing，2.________(call) co­housing，is gaining 3.________(popular) in the United States，too.Co­housing complexes are popping up across the country.For many people，this way of life is a relief to the busy modern lifestyle.A co­housing community has 4.________(private) owned houses and shared land.There is often 5.________“common house” with a kitchen and dining room，meeting room，and maybe，a workshop of library or music room.About 25 co­housing communities 6.________(build) in recent years，and 150 more are planned.
A co­housing complex is a place 7.________ residents shop，cook，and eat together.Residents of a co­housing complex like its sense of shared community.Children have other kids to play 8.________，which many families like.Other 9.________(resident) like the feeling of living in a “village”．Residents also say that they can live in co­housing for 10.________(little)money than they would pay for nearby apartments.
【答案】1.to live　2.called　3.popularity　4.privately　5.a
6．have been built　7.where　8.with　9.residents　10.less
[书面表达组块练]
Ⅰ.短文改错
On Friday we paid the visit to a small town at the foot of the mountains.And early on the next morning，we set off to climb to the top.Soon we got at our destination; rocks，trees and streams brought us to nature.It took us almost the whole day to get to the top，that is 1,200 feet above sea level.We were stricken the beauty of the mountains.Before night fell，we put up our tent and slept in our sleep bags.When the day broke，we watch the sun rising over the mountains.It was beautifully.After breakfast we packed our thing and went down the mountains.On our way back，I collected some leaves and stones.They would always remind us of the trip to the mountains.
【答案】
On Friday we paid visit to a small town at the foot of the mountains.And early the next morning，we set off to climb to the top.Soon we got our destination; rocks，trees and streams brought us to nature.It took us almost the whole day to get to the top， is 1,200 feet above sea level.We were stricken the beauty of the mountains.Before night fell，we put up our tent and slept in our bags.When the day broke，we the sun rising over the mountains.It was .After breakfast we packed our and went down the mountains.On our way back，I collected some leaves and stones.They would always remind of the trip to the mountains.
Ⅱ.书面表达
本周是星光中学的“英语周”，周二你们有幸邀请伦敦大学Smith教授给高二(1)班学生上了一节英语课。假定你是学校英语报记者，请你用英语写一篇短文，报道此次活动，内容应包括：
1.Smith上课的情况；
2.学生们的表现与评价；
3.你的看法。
注意：
1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。




【参考范文】
On Tuesday of this English Week we had the honor of inviting Professor Smith，from London University，to give a class to the students of Class One，Grade Two.His class left the students a deep impression.
Professor Smith had a free talk with the students in simple English.He spoke slowly and clearly so that the students could follow him well.Meanwhile，he would repeat just in time what the students did not understand.Greatly inspired，most of the students took an active part in his class.After class，many students interviewed by us sang high praise from Professor Smith's teaching.
From his lesson，I came to know that it is not so difficult to learn English well if you talk more in English.
[单元基础回顾练]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Hang ________ at your present job until you can get another.
2．Some people believe ________has happened before or is happening now will repeat itself in the future.
3．________was at 5 o'clock that the visitors finally arrived at Pudong International Airport.
4．Before you leave, make sure to keep the boat ________ (tie) to the tree over there.
5．________ the temperature falling so rapidly, we couldn't go on with the experiment.
6．__________ (surprise) and happy, Tony stood up and accepted the prize.
7．Mr.Clark working in our company is from the United States.But he is a Canadian ________origin.
8．Do you know how long it was ________you realized that he was always helping me?
9．We had an anxious couple of weeks ________(wait) for the results of the experiment.
10．Children need friends ________ their own age to play with.
【答案】1.on　2.whatever　3.It　4.tied　5.With
6．Surprised　7.by　8.before　9.waiting　10.of　
Ⅱ.用情态动词的适当形式填空
1．I have told you the truth.________I keep repeating it?
2．—It's the office! So you ________ know eating is not allowed here.
—Oh, sorry.
3．I advised him to give up smoking, but he ________listen to my advice, and went on as ever before.
4．—What does the sign over there read?
—No person ________smoke or carry a lighted cigarette, cigar or pipe in this area.
5．—Why are you figuring out these figures by hand?
—Oh, my computer has crashed.It __________work.
6．It's really strange that they__________ have left without saying goodbye to us.
7．You can't imagine that a well­behaved gentleman __________ be so rude to a lady.
8．The head teacher said that we________ have a day off on Sunday if we did a good job in the exam.
9．The traffic is heavy these days.I ________arrive a bit late, so could you save me a place?
10．He's strange — he ________ sit for hours without saying anything.
【答案】1.Must　2.must　3.wouldn't　4.shall　5.won't　6.should　7.should　8.could 　9.might　10.will