2020新课标高考牛津版英语第一轮总复习讲义：第1部分Book1　Unit1　Schoollife

Book 1　Unit 1　School life
晨读暮诵　单元话题——学校生活

1．personality n．性格；个性
2．abundant adj.丰富的
3．first­class adj.一流的
4．habit n．习惯
5．participate v．参加
6．strengthen v．加强
7．virtue n．美德
8．board v．寄宿
9．dormitory n．公寓
10．relaxation n．放松
11．spare no effort不遗余力
12．be accustomed to习惯于
13．concentrate on集中精力于
14．the key to success成功的关键
15．build up one's body增强体质
16．overcome difficulty克服困难
17．make up one's mind下决心
18．get into a bad habit染上坏习惯
19．miss a lesson耽误一节课
20．lay a good foundation in在……方面打下良好的基础

1．When facing difficulties，I have enough courage to get them over.
遇到困难时，我有足够的勇气克服它们。
2．Only by reading widely can we gain more knowledge and broaden our horizons.
只有博览群书，我们才能增长知识开阔视野。
3．When it comes to English learning，I think reading is important.
谈到英语学习时，我认为阅读很重要。
4．I'm determined to do well in my lessons so as not to let my parents down.
为了不让我的父母失望，我下决心把功课学好。
5．The after­school activity is a necessary part of the school lives.
课外活动是学校生活中不可或缺的一部分。

(2018·高考全国新课标卷Ⅲ)假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Peter来信询问你校学生体育运动情况。请给他回信，内容包括：
1．学校的体育场馆；
2．主要的运动项目；
3．你喜欢的项目。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
[参考范文]
Dear Peter,
I am exceedingly delighted to hear from you.You asked me in your last letter about the physical exercise in our school and the following information may give you a rough sketch.
To begin with, a fabulous new stadium has been built up, which has become the new landmark in our school.Moreover, with the stadium set up, a wide range of sports events are able to be held, of which ping­pong, football as well as running competitions enjoy great popularity.As for me, I'm intoxicated with basketball since it has been giving me strength to confront the challenges in my life.
All in all, I sincerely invite you to come to our school and see for yourself.
Yours,
Li Hua


[高频词汇]
1．________(adj.) 有乐趣的；令人愉快的
2．________(n. &vt.) 经历，体验
3．________(n.&vt.) 尊敬，敬重
4．________(vt.) 致力于，献身
5．________(n.) 文学
6．________(adj.) 一般的，普通的；平均的
7．________(n.) 难事；斗争；努力(vi.) 奋斗，努力；挣扎
8．________(adj.) 具有挑战性的
9．________(n.) 满意
10．________(n.&vt.) 交换；交流
11．________(adj.) 以前的
12．________(vi.) 毕业；(n.)毕业生
13．________(adj.) 流利的
14．________(vt.)捐赠
15．________(adv.) 不知为什么；不知怎么地
16．________(adj.) 新近的，最近的
17．________(vt.) 通知，告知
18．________(vt.&vi.) 批准，通过；赞成，同意
19．________(vt.&n.) 广播，播放
20．________(n.) 准备，筹备
【答案】1.enjoyable　2.experience　3.respect　4.devote　5.literature　6.average　7.struggle　8.challenging　9．satisfaction　10.exchange　11.former　12.graduate　13.fluent　14.donate　15.somehow　16.recent　17．inform　18.approve　19.broadcast　20.preparation
[派生词汇]
1．________(n.)鼓励→________(vt.)鼓励→________(vt.)使泄气→________(n.)勇气
2．________(n.)满意→________(vt.)使满意→________(adj.)满意的→________(adj.)令人满意的
3．________(adj.)独立的→________(adj.)依赖的，依靠的→________(n.) 独立→________(n.)依赖，依靠
4．________(n.)准备，筹备→________(v.)准备→________(adj.)准备好的
5．________(n.)毕业→________(v.)毕业生
[词缀归纳]
­ation/­ion/­tion为构成名词的后缀，常见的还有：congratulation n．祝贺；consideration n．思路；考虑；contribution n．贡献；devotion n．献身；忠诚；appreciation n．欣赏；感激。
【答案】1.encouragement；encourage；discourage；courage
2．satisfaction；satisfy；satisfied；satisfactory/satisfying
3．independent；dependent；independence；dependence
4．preparation；prepare；prepared　5.graduation；graduate
[语境活用]
1．After________ (毕业) from university, he worked as a newspaper reporter.
2．Your success in passing the exam will be a great________(满意) to your parents.
3．________(体验) a different culture can enrich our knowledge and broaden our view.
4．It is reported that he has been________(致力于) to studying wild animals for 10 years.
5．The job wasn't ________(挑战) for me——I wanted something more creative.
6．The speech contest will be held next Friday.I must make full p ________for it.
7．My classmate Jenny is fond of l________and sometimes writes for newspapers and magazines.
8．On being a________ by the committee, all my plans will be carried out.
9．John had planned to give up, but s________ he changed his mind at the last minute.
10．Though he was born and brought up in Australia, he can speak f________ Chinese.
【答案】1.graduating　2.satisfaction　3.Experiencing
4．devoted　5.challenging　6.preparations　7.literature　8.approved　9.somehow　10.fluent

1．________ free　免费；无偿地
2．make ________ 确保，保证
3．make use ________ 利用，使用
4．be fond ________ 喜欢，喜爱
5．look ________ (on) 回顾，回想起
6．________ average 平均，一般地
7．________ charge of 负责，掌管
8．be happy ________ 对……满足
9．take good care ________ 好好照顾
10．devote…________… 把……奉献给……
11．________ to do sth. 过去常常做某事
12．be available ________ 有用的，空闲的
13．________ the end of 在……的尽头或极限
14．become interested ________ 变得对……感兴趣
15．struggle ________ 与……作斗争
16．more ________ 不仅仅是；超过；非常
【答案】1.for　2.sure　3.of　4.of　5.back　6.on　7.in
8．with　9.of　10.to　11.used　12.for　13.at　14.in
15．against/with　16.than
[语境活用]
1．Young people under 25 make up nearly 40 percent of the Chinese population, and they'll soon be________ charge of the nation.
2．In order to go to a famous university, you must make use ________ each of the three years in Senior High School.
3．I'm lucky to have got two tickets ________ free.Are you free to go to the concert with me?
4．Dogs are more ________ our pets.They are also our best friends.
5．After he graduated, he continued to devote himself _____ the research.
6．I look back ________my time in the UK with satisfaction.
7．The two boxers struggled ________ each other and the referee seperated them.
8．It's human nature for parents to be fond ________ their children.
【答案】1.in　2.of　3.for　4.than　5.to　6.on　7.with/against　8.of

1. [原句]　Going to a British high school for one year was a very enjoyable and exciting experience for me.
[点拨]　动名词短语Going to…作主语。
[仿写]　和家人一起看春晚(the Spring Festival Gala)，对他来说真的是幸福的时刻。
____________________________________ was really a happy moment for him.
2. [原句]　We also had different students in some classes，so it was a struggle for me to remember all the faces and names.
[点拨]　It is/was＋n.＋(for sb.)to do sth.为常用句型，句中的it为形式主语。
[仿写]　对于东京来说，获得2020年夏季奥运会举办权是一个巨大的成功。
________________ for Tokyo ________ the bid for the 2020 Summer Olympic Games.
3. [原句]　Upon finishing his studies，he started travelling in China.
[点拨]　“upon＋doing…”结构中介词upon相当于on，意为“一……就……”，upon/on后可以接动名词或名词。
[仿写]　一听到《小苹果》这首歌，许多人都会情不自禁地跳起舞来。
________________ Little Apple，many people can't help dancing to it.
4. [原句]　The more choices you have，the better your decisions will be.
[点拨]　“the＋比较级，the＋比较级”意为“越……，越……”。　
[仿写]　你站得越高，看得越远。
________ you stand，________ you can see.
5. [原句]　I was a little nervous at first，but everyone was so nice and friendly that I soon stopped worrying.
[点拨]　“so…that…”结构引导的是结果状语从句，意为“如此……以至于……”，多数情况下可与“such…that…”互换。它还可以引导目的状语从句。
[仿写]　《爸爸去哪儿》是个非常好看的节目，以至于今天晚上我还想看看。
Where Are We Going，Dad? is __________________ I'd like to watch it tonight.
【答案】1.Watching the Spring Festival Gala together with his family　2.It is a great success；to win　3.Upon/On hearing the song　4.The higher；the farther　5.so good a programme that

第一板块　核心词汇
[基础知识要牢记]
1．experience vt.经历，体验 n．[U]经验；[C]经历
(1)be a/an…experience for sb.
对某人来说是……的经历
have experience in (doing) sth.
在(做)某事方面有经验
(2)experienced adj. 有经验的，经验丰富的
be experienced in (doing) sth.
在(做)某事方面有经验
①He didn't get the post，due to lack of experience.
他因缺乏工作经验而未能获得那个职位。
②She is ______________ with difficult customers.
她在应对难对付的顾客方面很有经验。
【答案】experienced in dealing
[巧学助记]
An experienced teacher must have much good experience in teaching, because he has experienced a lot and accumulated experience and lessons from his experiences.
一位经验丰富的老师一定在教学上有许多好的经验，因为他经历了太多，也从他的经历中积累了经验和教训。
[温馨提示]　当experience作“经历，体验”时是可数名词，作“经验”时是不可数名词。

(2018·高考北京卷，单项选择3)Travelling along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experience.
[翻译]沿着古老的丝绸之路旅行是一次既有趣又有益的经历。
2．respect n．[U]尊重；[C](事物的)细节，方面vt.尊敬，敬重
(1)have/show respect for…　 尊重……
win/earn the respect of sb. 赢得某人的尊重
in all/some/many respects 在各个/某些/许多方面
out of respect for sb. 出于对某人的尊敬
(2)respect sb.for…　　　　　因……而尊重某人
respect sb.as… 尊敬某人为……
①I have great respect for his ideas, although I don't agree with them.
我非常尊重他的想法，尽管我并不赞同这些想法。
②Though dated ________ some respects，this essay is still popular with many young people.
尽管在某些方面有点过时，但该文章仍受到许多年轻人的喜爱。
③We admire and respect Mo Yan ________ his success in winning the Nobel Prize in literature in 2012.
我们仰慕并尊敬莫言先生，因为他在2012年获得了诺贝尔文学奖。
【答案】②in　③for
3．devote vt.献身，致力于
(1)devote oneself to　　　献身，致力于，专心
devote…to… 把……用于……
(2)devoted adj. 忠实的；深爱的
be devoted to 深爱；致力于，专心于
(3)devotion n. 关爱，关照；奉献；忠诚
①Devoted to his research work, the professor cared little about any other things.
由于一心搞研究，教授很少关心其他事情。
②Devoting herself to teaching the deaf children，the young lady has little time to care for her own daughter.
一心投入到聋童教育事业，这位年轻女士很少有时间照顾她自己的女儿。
③His ________ to his wife and family is touching.
他对妻子和家人的关爱感人至深。
【答案】③devotion

(2016·高考北京卷，阅读理解B)Neighbors devoted their spare time to helping others rebuild.
[翻译]邻居们把他们的空闲时间都用来帮助别人重建。
4．exchange n．&vt.交换；交流；兑换
(1)make an exchange　　　　　交换
in exchange (for…) 作为交换(……)
(2)exchange sth.for sth. 用……交换……
exchange sth. with sb. 与某人交换某物
(3)exchange student 两国交换的留学生
cultural exchange 文化交流
①Do you want to exchange this toaster for another (one) or do you want your money back?
你是想把这台烤面包机换成另一台呢，还是想把钱要回来？
②I want students to thoroughly study the material and exchange their ideas with each other in the classroom.
我想要学生把这个材料研究透并在教室里交流彼此的看法。
③They were given food and shelter______________________________work.
他们为人工作以换取食物和住处。
【答案】③in exchange for
5．inform vt.通知，告知
(1)inform sb.of/about sth.通知某人某事，告诉某人某事
(2)inform sb.that/what/where/how，etc.通知某人……
(3)inform sb.to do通知某人做某事
①Could you please inform us what books you have in stock?
能否告知我们你们库存中都有哪些书籍？
②Shall I inform him ________ the change of the schedule?
我通知一下他日程安排的变化，好吗？
③I regret to inform you that I will not be able to meet you at the airport on time.
很遗憾地通知你，我无法按时到机场去见你了。
【答案】②of
6．approve vt.&vi.批准，认可；赞成，同意
(1)approve sth.　　　　　　　批准/通过某事
approve of (doing) sth. 赞成/同意(做)某事
(2)approval n. 批准；赞成，同意
①Once approved，this law will come into effect soon.
一旦获得通过，这部法律将会很快实施。
②The suggestion was approved, with 25 votes in favour, and 7 against.
这项建议获得批准，25票赞成，7票反对。
③Not everyone ________ the new dance.
并不是每个人都认可这支新的舞蹈。
【答案】③approved of
7．charge n．负责，掌管；费用vt.使承担责任；收费，要价；控告
(1)charge sb. for sth.　　　为某事而向某人收费
charge sb.with sth. 指控某人犯……罪/过错
(2)in charge of　　　　　　负责，掌管
in the charge of 由……负责/掌管
take charge of 负责，掌管
free of charge 免费
①All goods are delivered free of charge.
所有的商品都免运送费。
②The restaurant charges shockingly high prices________its food.
这家餐馆的饭菜价格高得惊人。
③The man was charged ________ kidnapping.
这个人被控告绑架。
【答案】②for　③with
8．for free免费；无偿地
(1)free of charge　　免费
set…free 释放……，使……获得自由
be free to do sth. 随心所欲地做某事
free from/of 没有……的；不涉及……的
(2)free sb.from 把某人从……中解放出来，
使某人摆脱/免除……
①He cleaned up the room，hoping it would be free of/from rats in future.
他打扫房间，希望将来能摆脱老鼠。
②Modern machinery has freed people from that primitive existence.
现代机器已经把人们从原始生活中解放出来。
③Three years ago, five parrots were set ________ in a wild place of Arizona.
三年前，五只鹦鹉在美国亚利桑那州的野外被放飞。
【答案】③free
9．look back(on)回忆，回顾
look around　　　　　　　　环视
look up 查阅；抬头看
look into 调查，向……里看
look up to 尊敬，敬仰
look forward to 盼望，期望
look down on/upon 轻视，瞧不起
look through 仔细检查；浏览
①When you look back on this in a year or two, it won't seem so bad.
当你在一两年后回顾这件事情时，你会发现它并不那么糟糕。
②Nobody looks down ________ you because everybody is too busy to look at you.
没人瞧不起你，因为大家都太忙而无暇看你。
③His son's disappearance is being looked ________ by the police.
警察正在调查他儿子失踪一事。
【答案】②upon　③into
10．make use of利用；使用
(1)make full/good use of　　　　　充分利用
make the best/most of 充分利用
take (full) advantage of (充分)利用
(2)put… to use 加以使用
come into use 开始被使用
be of great use 很有用
It is no use/useless doing sth. 做……是没用的
①It's no use arguing with her—she won't listen.
跟她争论没有用——她不会听的。
②You cannot choose what you are given，but you can choose how you make use ________ it.
你不能选择你被给予什么，但你可以选择如何利用它。
③I usually memorize twenty new words a day and put them ________ use whenever possible.
我通常每天记20个生词，然后尽可能地使用它们。
【答案】②of　③to
[温馨提示]　关于make use of这个短语，除了熟练掌握住它的含义外，还应注意以下两点：
(1)把use提前时，要使用被动语态。
(2)把use提前用作先行词时，其后接定语从句。
具有这种用法的其他常用短语还有：pay attention to；play a role in等。

(2017·高考全国新课标卷Ⅱ，七选五)If you have a door to your office，make good use of it.
[翻译]如果有一扇通往你的办公室的门，好好利用它。
[词汇训练全通关]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．He made up his mind to devote all he could to ________(practice) his spoken English before going to college.
2．The school had promised to keep parents fully ________ (inform) about the conditions of their children at school.
3．I think this is the best use that we can make ________ the Internet.
4．________ (free) from endless homework on weekends，the students now find their own activities，such as attending school literature clubs.
5．I'll take charge ________the whole factory next week when the director is away.
6．The students of Senior 3 in our school often have the tradition of________(exchange) gifts before they graduate from high school every year.
7．________ average，people who don't smoke are healthier than people who do.
8．—What if our demand for more free time to learn by ourselves is not________ (approve) by the school authority?
—Hold on to it until we succeed.
9．China hopes that the United States can fully understand and ________ (respect) China's interests in the Asia­Pacific region.
10．Much to our surprise，he went over all his notes in such a short time，________(prepare) for the next day's examination.
【答案】1.practising　2.informed　3.of　4.Freed　5.of　
6．exchanging　7.On　8.approved　9.respect　10.prepared　
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．As a war reporter, Jenny went through a lot of adventurous experience.
_____________________________________________________________
2．The book was such difficult that the little boy couldn't understand it.
_____________________________________________________________
3．The time and effort he has devoted during the past few years to plant trees in that village are now considered to be very important.
_____________________________________________________________
4．Tim was very upset because he was charged by the police for breaking the law.
_____________________________________________________________
5．The river used to flood large areas but now the water is used to producing electricity.
_____________________________________________________________
【答案】1.experience→experiences　2.such→so　3.plant→planting　4.for→with　5.producing→produce
第二板块　经典句式
[基础知识要牢记]
1．Upon finishing his studies，he started travelling in China.
一完成学业，他就开始了中国之旅。
“upon/on＋doing/n.”中的upon/on是介词，其后常接名词或动名词，常放在句首，表示“一……就……”，相当于时间状语从句。
“一……就……”的其他表达：
as soon as＋从句
no sooner…than…/hardly…when…
the moment/instant/minute…＋从句
immediately/instantly/directly＋从句
①On hearing this news，he started to cry.
一听到这个消息，他就开始哭了起来。
②Upon his return to his hometown, he went to work in the fields.
一回到故乡，他就去地里干活。
③________ the sun rises，the steam begins to go out.
太阳一升起，水汽就开始出来了。
④________ we got into the theatre when the movie began.
我们一进电影院，电影就开始了。
【答案】③The instant/minute/moment　④Hardly had
[温馨提示]　当no sooner，hardly等副词位于句首时，主句用部分倒装，从句不用倒装。
2．I was a little nervous at first，but everyone was so nice and friendly that I soon stopped worrying.
起初我有些紧张，但所有成员都是那么亲切、友好，我很快就不担心了。
(1)句中“so＋adj./adv.＋that…”结构常用来引导结果状语从句。意为“如此……以至于……”。
so＋adj./adv.＋that…
so＋adj.＋a/an＋n.(可数名词单数)＋that…
so＋many/few/much/little(少的)＋n.＋that…
①In fact, his English in one of these articles was so good that Engels wrote him a letter and praised him for it.
事实上，在那些文章中有一篇他的英文写得那么好，以至于恩格斯曾写信赞扬他。
②She is so respectable a teacher that all of us love and respect her.
她是一位如此受人尊敬的老师以至于我们都爱她、尊重她。
(2)such…that…表示“如此……以至于……”，用于引导结果状语从句，其常见形式如下：
such＋adj.＋不可数名词＋that…
such＋adj.＋可数名词复数＋that…
such＋a/an＋adj.＋可数名词单数＋that…(＝so＋adj.＋a/an＋可数名词单数＋that…)
③The Great Wall is ________ a well­known tourist attraction ________ millions of people pour in every year.
长城是如此闻名的旅游胜地，以至于每年有上百万的游客蜂拥而来。
④So loudly did he speak that even people in the next room could hear him.
他讲话声音那么大，隔壁屋里的人都听得见。
【答案】③such；that
[温馨提示]　(1)当名词前面有many，much，few，little等表示数量多少的限定词时，应用so，而不用such。
(2)当so/such…that…结构中的so/such位于句首时，主句要用部分倒装。

(2018·高考天津卷，单项选择12)I didn't mean to eat anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldn't help trying it.
[分析]　本句包含so…that句型。
[翻译]　我不打算吃任何东西，但冰淇淋看起来如此的好以至于我忍不住要试一试。
[句式训练全通关]
Ⅰ.句型转换
1．They cheered up the moment they heard the news that Shenzhou 10 was launched into space successfully.
________ the news that Shenzhou 10 was launched into space successfully，they cheered up.
2．He walked too slowly to get there on time.
He walked so slowly ________________________ get there on time.
3．If you practice paper­cutting more, you will become good at it.
________ you practice paper­cutting, ________ at it you will become.
4．Putting off their homework has been a habit for some students.
________ a habit for some students to put off their homework.
【答案】1.On/Upon hearing　2.that he could not　3.The more；the better　4.It has been
Ⅱ.话题写作
根据提示，利用本单元所学知识，完成下面的小作文。
1．近年来，出国学习如此受欢迎以至于有些家长试图利用一切机会送孩子出国。(make use of)
2．他们认为对孩子来说这是一次永远难忘的经历。(experience)
3．但也有人不赞同。(approve)
4．他们认为只要全身心投入学习，就可以和出国学习的人一样优秀。(devote…to)
【参考范文】
In recent years, studying abroad is so popular that some parents try to make use of all the chances to send their children abroad. In their opinion, it's an experience that will be remembered forever. But some people don't approve. They think if children devote themselves to studying，they will be as excellent as those studying abroad.

[阅读理解组块练]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2018·河南省豫南九校高三一模)Take a trip to one of London's theme parks for an adrenaline­packed day out.From thrilling rides through history, to wild animals—both mythical and real—London's theme parks offer great entertainment for families and groups.
Unlike most London attractions, some amusement parks aren't in central London, but are easily reached by train, coach or car.
Chessington World of Adventures
Whether it's adrenaline­pumping rides, wild animals or underwater adventures you're after, Chessington delivers.There are three main sections: the Theme Park has 10 themed lands with more than 40 rides and attractions including roller coasters, dodgems and rides suitable for younger children.Chessington Zoo houses 1, 000 animals including tigers，lions, giraffes, penguins and a petting zoo.
Shrek' s Adventure
Board the Dream works.Tour Bus for a 4D experience with cheeky Donkey as your guide.You'll be taken through 10 live, fairy­tale­themed shows including Shrek's Swamp and a mirror maze(迷宫)．Suitable for all ages, but particularly those aged 6 to 12 years old.
London Dungeon
Take a scary but humorous 90­minute journey through 1, 000 years of London's history at the ever­popular London Dungeon.There are 18 interactive shows with 20 live theatre actors and two rides to guide you through the city's murky past.Walk the torture Whitechapel Maze with Jack the Ripper, visit a medieval chamber, and be careful not to lose your head on The Tyrant boat ride with King Henry Ⅷ！
KidZania
Set your imagination free at KidZania at Westfield London—the new role­playing park for children that's taking the world by storm.A child­size city complete with shops and locations including a fire station, a bank and a theatre stage where children can role­play around 60 different jobs and professions, KidZania aims to teach life skills such as financial literacy, teamwork and independence.
1．If vistors want to enjoy the excitement of roller coasters, they can go to _________.
A．KidZania　
B．Shrek's Adventure
C．London Dungeon
D．Chessington World of Adventures
2．Who might be most likely interested in London Dungeon?
A．Students studying history.
B．Underwater adventurers.
C．Police officers.
D．Animal lovers.
3．Where does this text probably come from?
A．A science textbook.
B．A news report.
C．A travel guidebook.
D．A geography magazine.
【答案与解析】
1．D　细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“There are three main sections: the Theme Park has 10 themed lands with more than 40 rides and attractions including roller coasters, dodgems and rides suitable for younger children.”可知，该主题公园中有过山车，想体验过山车的游客可以去Chessington World of Adventures。故选D。
2．A　推理判断题。根据第五段第一句“Take a scary but humorous 90­minute journey through 1, 000 years of London's history at the ever­popular London Dungeon.”可推断，学历史的学生最有可能对伦敦地牢感兴趣。故选A。
3．C　推理判断题。根据第一段第一句“Take a trip to one of London's theme parks for an adrenaline­packed day out.”以及下文的具体介绍可知，该文主要介绍了伦敦的几个主题公园，这样的文章应该出现在旅游指南上。故选C。
B
(2018·山西省高三省际名校联考三)If you want to be productive, you must complete work.Almost everything we do has many stages to completion and in many situations, you don't actually create value until you finish the last stage.Farmers can't sell their grain until it is harvested.Automakers can't sell cars that have made it 90% of the way through the assembly line(生产线)．Most employers aren't going to pay you for having a degree unless you finished the last class and graduated.
Now all those things require starting, but if you have work in progress, the most valuable thing you can do is to pick something and finish it.Finishing is where you start benefiting from the value you've created.I've noticed that many successful people aren't the ones who are the smartest or have the best ideas.They are often the ones who do the best job of taking an idea and completing it.A good idea fully carried out is better than a great idea that never gets completed.
Does this mean you need to finish everything you start? Not necessarily, but if you don't think something is worth finishing, be honest with yourself and terminate_the project.Don't leave hundreds of half finished efforts lying around physically or mentally acting like you are going to come back and pick them up.If you need to drop something, do so strategically and intentionally.If you've put significant effort into a project, you may still benefit from finishing it even if you wouldn't start it again based on changed circumstances.For example, if you are in your last few months before graduating from college and realize you don't want to career in what you are majoring in, you probably should go ahead and graduate because there is significant value in having the degree—even if you don't intend to actually work in that field.
What projects do you have that are currently in progress? Can you find something and finish it?
4．Why do many people become successful according to the author?
A．They are the smartest.
B．They have the best ideas.
C．They start things smoothly.
D．They make ideas fully completed.
5．What does the underlined word “terminate” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A．Develop.　　　　　　 B．End.
C．Plan.　 D．Support.
6．According to the author, which of the following is the correct way of creating value?
A．A man decides to finish all he starts to do.
B．Farmers hurry to sell their crops before they are ripe.
C．A college student chooses to study until he gets his degree.
D．A student keeps a half­filled stamp album around for future use.
7．What is the best title for the text?
A．Finishing vs Starting　
B．Well Begun is Half Done
C．Planning vs Performing
D．It is Easier Said than Done
【答案与解析】
4．D　细节理解题。根据文章第二段最后三句可知，成功的人是那些能够把自己的好想法付诸实施并全面完成的人。
5．B　词义猜测题。根据文章第三段第一、二句可知，你不需要完成所有的工作，如果你认为某事不值得去完成，就对自己诚实，终止该项目。由此可推断，terminate“结束，终止”。
6．C　推理判断题。根据第三段第一、二句可知，你没必要去坚持做你认为不值得的事，所以A项不正确。根据第一段第三句可知，农民直到粮食收获才可以出售；所以B项不正确。根据第三段第三句可知，不要把你一半的努力抛到脑后，从生理到心理表现得像是你会回来把它们捡起来，所以D项不正确。根据文章第三段最后一句可知，继续下去然后毕业，因为学位证有很大的价值。所以C项正确。故选C。
7．A　标题概括题。纵观全文，文章主要论述不论做哪些事情都要从头开始，并努力完成，价值才能体现出来。因此本文的标题是完成与开始。
C
I have come to believe that a great teacher is a great artist and that there are as few as there are any other great artists.It might even be the greatest of the arts since it's the medium between the human mind and spirit.

I shall speak only of my first teacher because in addition to the other things，she brought discovery.
She aroused us to shouting，book­waving discussions.She had the noisiest class in school and she didn't even seem to know it.We could never stick to the textbooks.She developed our curiosity so that we brought in facts or truths hidden in our hands like captured fireflies.
She was fired and perhaps rightly so，for failing to teach fundamentals(基础知识)．Such things must be learned.But she left a passion in us for the pure knowable world and she filled me with a curiosity which has never left.I could not do simple arithmetic but through her I sensed that abstract mathematics was very much like music.
When she was fired，a sadness came over us but the light did not go out.She left her signature on us，the literature of the teacher who wrote on our minds.I suppose that to a larger extent I am the unsigned manuscript(手稿)of the high school teacher.What endless power lies in the hands of such a person.
I can tell my son who looks forward with horror to fifteen years of unpleasant study that somewhere in the dusty dark a magic may happen that will light up the years…if he is very lucky.
8．The writer thinks teaching is the greatest of the arts because________.
A．only artists can teach well
B．it's the medium between the human mind and spirit
C．teaching is difficult
D．teaching is important
9．In her class，the teacher paid much attention to________.
A．the quiet class
B．sticking to the textbooks
C．fundamentals
D．students' curiosity
10．Why was the teacher fired?
A．Because her class was noisy.
B．Because she let students shout.
C．Because she didn't teach basic knowledge.
D．Because she wasn't good at teaching.
11．What can be inferred from the passage?
A．The teacher was not suitable for teaching.
B．It was the teacher that made the author interested in abstract math.
C．When the teacher was fired，the light went out.
D．The author thought he was the signed manuscript of the high school teacher.
【答案与解析】
8．B　细节理解题。由文章第一段最后一句可知作者认为教育是人的思想和灵魂的媒介，所以是最伟大的艺术，故B为正确选项。
9．D　细节理解题。由文章第三段最后一句“…developed our curiosity…”可知老师注重培养学生们的好奇心，故D为正确选项。
10．C　细节理解题。由文章第四段第一句“…for failing to teach fundamentals(基础知识)．”可知C为正确选项。
11．B　推理判断题。由文章第四段最后一句“…I sensed that abstract mathematics was very much like music.”可推测在老师的帮助下，作者感到抽象的数学与音乐非常相似。
D
(2018·成都七中高三上期末)When asked about happiness, we usually think of something extraordinary, an absolute delight, which seems to get rarer the older we get.
For kids, happiness has a magical quality.Their delight at winning a race or getting a new bike is unreserved(毫不掩饰的)．
In the teenage years the concept of happiness changes.Suddenly it's conditional on such things as excitement，love and popularity.I can still recall the excitement of being invited to dance with the most attractive boy at the school party.
In adulthood the things that bring deep joy—love, marriage, birth—also bring responsibility and the risk of loss.For adults, happiness is complex.
My definition of happiness is “the capacity for enjoyment”．The more we can enjoy what we have, the happier we are.It's easy to overlook the pleasure we get from the company of friends, the freedom to live where we please，and even good health.
I experienced my little moments of pleasure yesterday.First I was overjoyed when I shut the last lunch­box and had the house to myself.Then I spent an uninterrupted morning writing, which I love.When the kids and my husband came home, I enjoyed their noise after the quiet of the day.
Psychologists tell us that to be happy we need a mix of enjoyable leisure time and satisfying work.I don't think that my grandmother, who raised 14 children, had much of either.She did have a network of close friends and family, and maybe this is what satisfied her.
We, however, with so many choices and such pressure to succeed in every area, have turned happiness into one more thing we've got to have.We're so self­conscious about our “right” to it that it's making us miserable.So we chase it and equal it with wealth and success, without noticing that the people who have those things aren't necessarily happier.
Happiness isn't about what happens to us—it's about how we see what happens to us.It's the skillful way of finding a positive for every negative.It's not wishing for what we don't have, but enjoying what we do possess.
12．What can we learn about the author from Paragraph 5 and 6?
A．She cares little about her own health.
B．She enjoys the freedom of traveling.
C．She is easily pleased by things in daily life.
D．She prefers getting pleasure from housework.
13．What can be inferred from Paragraph 7?
A．Grandma often found time for social gatherings.
B．Psychologists think satisfying work is the key to happiness.
C．Psychologists' opinion is well proved by Grandma's case.
D．Grandma's happiness came from modest expectations of life.
14．People who equal happiness with wealth and success ________.
A．are more likely to be happy
B．are at a loss to make correct choices
C．stress their right to happiness too much
D．consider pressure something blocking their way
15．What can be concluded from the passage?
A．Happy is he who is content.
B．Success leads to happiness.
C．Each man is the master of his own fate.
D．Happiness lies between the positive and the negative.
【答案与解析】
12．C　推理判断题。根据第六段可知，作者讲述了自己因能够不受打扰地写作而感到幸福，安静过后一家人在一起喧闹也感到幸福。由此可推断，作者对日常生活是容易满足的。故选C。
13．D　推理判断题。根据第七段第三句“She did have a network of close friends and family, and maybe this is what satisfied her.”可推断，祖母的幸福来自对生活的适度期盼。故选D。
14．C　推理判断题。根据第八段第三句“So we chase it and equal it with wealth and success, without noticing that the people who have those things aren't necessarily happier.”可推断，以财富和成功来衡量幸福的人其实对幸福施加了太多的压力。故选C。
15．A　推理判断题。从作者对于幸福的论述可以看出，幸福就是对于自己已经拥有的感到满足，而过分追求财富和成功只能给自己更大的压力。故选A。
Ⅱ.七选五
(2018·山东省济南市高三一模)Smartphones store a lot of personal data.These devices know our names, the names of our friends，our addresses and where we are right now.　1　A weather app needs to know where a person is to report the local forecast, for example.
Many smartphone apps don't cost anything to download and use.But don't be fooled.There's still a price.　2　 Those same apps may often send data on to advertisers as well.Those advertisers will pay well to know how people behave and live.Once your data leave a device, you can't get them back.And that data theft may not be harmless.However, those data may tell when someone leaves home and when they get back.　 3 　 Social media sites often have access to a user's images and posts.
Recently a new online tool has been developed to track the misuse of private data.　4　 It tells people when their apps are sending data, which can help spot misuse.SPEProxy identifies the misuse of data using an approach that has already been used to diagnose illness.
In the clinical field, a medical software is used to collect data from a patient. Then it compares them to those typical of many possible illnesses to make a diagnosis.
Right now, people can only track data with the new tool by going to a website.
　5　 It's also a bit awkward to use.People may not want to go to the trouble of getting online to track their data. A more convenient version that people could install on their phones is in urgent need.
A．It is called SPEProxy.
B．That means it's limited.
C．It is more than convenient to use in computers.
D．Your privacy is what's paying for it.
E．Some apps use those data to do their job.
F．Some apps may charge you much money to operate.
G．They can show how and where people spend their days.
【答案】1～5　EDGAB
[语言知识运用组块练]
Ⅰ.完形填空
The story goes that two friends were walking through the desert.During some point of the journey they had a(n)__1__， and one friend slapped the other one in the__2__.

The one who got slapped was hurt，but without__3__anything，he wrote in the sand，“Today my best friend slapped me in the face.”
They__4__walking until they found an oasis(绿洲)，where they decided to take a__5__.The one who had been slapped got__6__in the mire(泥沼)and started__7__，but the friend saved him.
After he__8__from the near drowning，he wrote on a stone：“Today my best friend saved my__9__.”
The friend who had slapped and saved his best friend asked him，“__10__ I hurt you，you wrote in the sand and now you write on a stone.Why？”
The other friend__11__，“When someone hurts us we should write it__12__in the sand where winds of__13__can erase it away.But when someone does something__14__for us，we must engrave it in a stone where no wind can ever erase it.”
Learn to write your hurts in the sand and to carve your__15__in the stone.
They say it__16__a minute to find a special person，an hour to__17__them，a day to love them，but a(n)__18__life to forget them.
__19__this phrase to the people you'll never forget.It's a short message to let them__20__that you'll never forget them.
1．A.agreement　　　　　　 B．discussion
C．argument D．appointment
2.A.nose B．face
C．head D．neck
3.A.saying B．noticing
C．discovering D．spotting
4.A.worked on B．moved on
C．kept on D．put on
5.A.breath B．chance
C．walk D．bath
6.A.interested B．involved
C．surprised D．stuck
7.A.walking B．drowning
C．swimming D．climbing
8.A.learned B．recovered
C．chose D．separated
9.A.pains B．face
C．life D．energy
10．A.After B．Before
C．Unless D．Although
11.A.screamed B．replied
C．repeated D．announced
12.A.up B．on
C．over D．down
13.A.forgiveness B．apology
C．belief D．respect
14.A.damage B．injury
C．good D．harm
15.A.sickness B．quality
C．failure D．benefits
16.A.takes B．costs
C．spends D．pays
17．A.arrange B．appoint
C．appreciate D．approve
18．A.entire B．grateful
C．reliable D．active
19．A.Defend B．Send
C．Advance D．Intend
20．A.remind B．confuse
C．handle D．know
【答案与解析】
1．C　由下文可知一个朋友打了另一个朋友，可推测两个人之间发生了争论。agreement协议；discussion讨论；argument争论；appointment约定。
2．B　由第二段最后一句中的in the face可知，一个朋友一巴掌扇在另外一个朋友的脸上。
3．A　由下文he wrote in the sand可知，被扇的那个人受了伤害，但他一句话也没有说，只是在沙子上写下来。
4．C　句意：他们继续走，直到发现了一个绿洲。work on致力于；move on继续移动；keep on继续；put on穿上。
5．D　由下文的“drowning”可知，他们来到一个绿洲决定要洗个澡。take a bath意为“洗澡”。
6．D　get stuck in是固定搭配，意为“陷入”。
7．B　由下文“After he __8__ from the near drowning…”可知B为正确选项。
8．B　结合语境，此处指他恢复过来后。recover恢复。
9．C　由上文可知，一个朋友救了另一个朋友的“性命”。save one's pains不浪费体力；save one's face保全面子；save one's energy节省体力。
10．A　由语境可知此处指在伤害了你之后，after“在……后面”。
11．B　此处是对问题的回答，故用reply。scream尖叫；repeat重复；announce宣布。
12．D　由上文的write和后文的in the sand可知，应该在沙子里“记下”它。write down意为“写下；记下”。
13．A　由语境可知，此处指“宽容之风”。forgiveness意为“宽容”。
14．C　由下文可知，别人为我们做了好事。do good for意为“为……做了好事”。
15．D　句意：学会将你所受到的伤害写在沙子上，把别人给你的帮助刻在石头上。
16．A　本句是固定句型：it takes sb.some time to do sth.某人花费时间做某事。
17．C　由上下文语境可知，此处指“欣赏一个人需要一个小时”，appreciate意为“欣赏”。
18．A　与前文的an hour，a day相呼应，此处指“用一生的时间去忘记他们”，entire意为“全部的”。
19．B　由下文It's a short message to…可知，此处指“发信息”，故用send。
20．D　由上下文可知此处指“让他们知道你将永远把他们放在心上”。remind“提醒”；confuse“困惑”；handle“处理”；know“知道”。
Ⅱ.语法填空
(2018·辽宁省抚顺市高三模拟)Back in 1995, Jack Ma made his first trip to the US and used the Internet for the first time.After searching for “beer”， he saw that no results came up related 1.________ China.When he then searched for “China” and still saw no results, he decided 2.________ (set) up a Chinese website—the seed for Alibaba was sown.
Ma 3.________ (simple) wanted his company to have a 4.________(globe) and interesting name, and realized Alibaba was a story 5.________(know) across the world.
The company 6.________(found) in 1999 and 7.________ then has grown from 15 employees to over 30,000.Alibaba has directly and indirectly created 40 million 8.________(job) for China.
Ma hopes to keep expanding Alibaba outside of China and is aiming for 2 billion consumers and 10 million small businesses to use 9.________company outside of China.
Ma became the richest man in China, when the company he founded floated on the stock market last year with a value of around $140 billion—the 10.________(large) public offering in history.
【答案】1.to　2.to set　3.simply　4.global　5.known
6．was founded　7.since　8.jobs　9.the　10.largest
[书面表达组块练]
Ⅰ.短文改错
(2018·山东省烟台市高考诊断性测试)This morning, Li Lin and I went to see Mr.Wang, he used to be our English teacher.
On arriving at Mr.Wang's, we presented our gifts to him, which he liked them very much.He talked about some interested things and persons he remembered.When he began to teach us, I was quite poor with English.Learned about this, Mr.Wang offered lots of help to me.Without his help, I wouldn't have made so rapid progress.Mr.Wang is retired now.He leads active life and does some voluntary works.Before we leave, he impressed upon us the importance of knowledge and inspired us to study hardly.We wished him a happy life forever.
【答案】This morning, Li Lin and I went to see Mr.Wang, used to be our English teacher.
On arriving at Mr.Wang's, we presented our gifts to him, which he liked very much.He talked about some things and persons he remembered.When he began to teach us, I was quite poor English. about this, Mr.Wang offered lots of help to me.Without his help, I wouldn't have made rapid progress.Mr.Wang is retired now.He leads active life and does some voluntary .Before we ， he impressed upon us the importance of knowledge and inspired us to study .We wished him a happy life forever.
Ⅱ.书面表达
(2019·浙江“七彩阳光”新高考联盟高二第一学期返校考试)假设你是李华，是校学生会主席，你校将举办英语脱口秀(talk show)比赛，请你根据以下内容，代表学生会写一则英语通知。
时间：8月25日傍晚6：30—8：00
地点：学校报告厅
要求：1.提前十分钟抽题，并就题目发表三分钟演讲；
2．每班选派一位选手参加，评委由我校部分英语老师及外教组成；
3．当场宣布结果。
注意：1.词数80左右。
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
【参考范文】
Notice
An English talk show contest is to be held in the school lecture hall on the evening of August 25th. It will last from 6: 30 p．m. to 8: 00 p．m. One speaker from each class is to take part in the activity. The speaker will have to pick up the topic ten minutes in advance and give a talk show of three minutes.
Some English teachers and foreign teachers of our school will serve as judges. The final results will be announced on the spot. Those who are interested in the events are welcome to join in.
The Students' Union
[单元基础回顾练]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．When I was growing up, I was eager to be ________(independence)of my parents.
2．________ average, men still earn more than women throughout the world.
3．The Chief Manager made a donation of one million ______ the City Museum.
4．The students are working hard every day, making ______ (prepare)for the important examination.
5．________(swim) for some time after a tiring day is very enjoyable and exciting for me in summer.
6．The bird was lucky to miss ________(shoot)．
7．It was Chaucer who really turned English into a ________ (literature) language.
8．________ is necessary for you to know about the Yangtze River, one of the mother rivers of Chinese civilization.
9．So fast ________ the city developing that you can never imagine what it will be like tomorrow.
10．Last night was the most________(enjoy)time I've had in a month of Sundays.
【答案】1.independent　2.On　3.to　4.preparations
5．Swimming　6.being shot　7.literary　8.It
9．is　10.enjoyable
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．The mother left the suitcase in charge of her son while she went to buy the tickets.
_____________________________________________________________
2．As far as I know, education is about learning.The more you learn, the well you are prepared for life.
_____________________________________________________________
3．His mother doesn't approve her going to study in the United States alone.
_____________________________________________________________
4．Visiting Disneyland with my parents last year was unforgettable experience for me.
_____________________________________________________________
5．My father used to taking a nap after supper，but now he's got used to taking a walk.
_____________________________________________________________
【答案】1.charge前加the　2.well→better　3.在approve后加of　4.在was后加an　5.taking→take