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2020高考英语新增分方案大一轮复习外研新课改省份专用讲义：选修8Module6TheTangPoems
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Module 6 The Tang Poems
一、课前基础自查
(一)分类记单词——省时高效
Ⅰ.阅读单词(知其意)
1．acquaintance n．相识的人；泛泛之交
2．farewell n. 告别
3．astronomy n. 天文学
4．altitude n. 高度；海拔
5．merchant n. 商人
6．alcohol n. 酒精；白酒
7．breeze n. 微风，和风
8．sponsor n. 赞助商
9．barrier n. 关卡
10．shabby adj. 肮脏破旧的
11．merry adj. 欢快的
12．chorus n. 合唱；合唱曲
13．arbitrary adj. 任意的；随机的
14.enterprise n．事业
15．surgeon n. 外科医生
Ⅱ.重点单词(写其形)
1．dynasty n. 朝；代
2．shadow n. 影子，阴影
3．channel n. 途径；渠道
4．glance v. 一瞥；迅速看一眼
5．mental adj. 内心的；精神上的
6．reveal v. 揭示，揭露；显露
7．appeal n. 魅力，吸引力
8．anniversary n. 周年纪念日
9．update v. 更新；刷新
10．whichever pron. 无论哪个
11．preview n. 预观；预看
Ⅲ.拓展单词(通其变)
1．expansion n．扩张→expand v．扩大；扩张；膨胀
2．tolerant adj.宽容/容忍的→tolerance n．容忍→tolerate v．忍受
3．specialist n．专家→special adj.特别的；专门的→specially adv.特别地
4．advance n．进步；进展 →advanced adj.先进的；高级的
5．failure n．失败者；失败→fail v．失败
6．suffering n．(肉体或精神上的)痛苦；苦难→suffer v．遭受(痛苦)；患……
7．irregular adj.不规则的；无规律的→regular adj.规则的；有规律的
8．reflection n．倒影→reflect v．反映；反射
9．prove v．证明是；被发现是→proof n．证据；证明
10．approve v．赞成；同意→approval n．赞许；赞成
11．caution v．警告；劝……小心 n．谨慎；小心→cautious adj.小心的；谨慎的→cautiously adv.小心地；谨慎地
12．literary adj.文学的→literature n．文学
13．departure n．启程；上路→depart v．出发；启程
14．donate v．提供；捐→donation n．奉献；捐献；捐赠
15．decorate v．装点；美化→decoration n．装饰(品)→decorative adj.装饰的
16．independence n．独立→independent adj.独立的→dependent adj.依靠的；依赖的→depend v．依靠；依赖
17．imagination n．想象；空想→imagine v．想象→imaginative adj.有想象力的→imaginary adj.虚构的
18．typically adv.典型地，有代表性地；向来，一向→typical adj.典型的
19．reflect v．反映，显示；表达→reflection n．反映；反射；映像；沉思
[语境活用]
1．He failed again, but his repeated failure never discouraged him. He never admitted he was a failure. (failure)
2．The students usually decorate their classroom with paper flowers and balloons. But this year they intend to buy some decorative lights and special decorations. (decorate)
3．Bill Gates has donated a large sum of money to society. And he is highly respected for his donation.(donate)
4．They all agreed to expand the new company, but the expansion will cost them a lot of money.(expand)
5．He is a cautious man and is always doing things with caution. You should get on with him cautiously.(caution)
6．All the readers can't imagine how he can be so imaginative and write so many imaginary stories. We are all amazed at his rich imagination.(imagine)
7．I admire you for your tolerance,_because you can tolerate things which can't be tolerant.(tolerate)
(二)练中记短语——记牢用活
写准记牢
语境活用(选用左栏短语填空)
1.take_hold_of 抓住，握住
2．approve_of_sth. 赞成某事；满意某事
3．a_chorus_of 异口同声的
4．cater_for 满足……的要求
5．correspond_with 与……通信/相一致
6．all_at_once 突然；同时
7．on_second_thoughts 重新考虑后
8．glance_at 瞥见；迅速看一眼
9．take_on 呈现；具有；雇用
10．hand_in_hand 手拉手
1.Ted had made up his mind to give it up, but on_second_thoughts he determined to try a third time.
2．Jim stole a glance at Mary to see if she approved_of what he was suggesting.
3．Our country has indeed undergone rapid development and taken_on a new look.
4．She glanced_at her watch just to make sure that she was not late.
5．The language training programme caters_for teenagers who want to go abroad to study.
6．She still corresponds_with American friends she met in New York two years ago.
(三)仿写明句式——以用为本
教材原句
句式解读
句式仿写
1.As he was not so successful as some of the other young men of his time in the Civil Service Examination to become a government official ...由于他当时没有像其他年轻人一样在科举考试中取得成功……
as/so ... as ...
“和……一样的”。
(2017·天津高考书面表达)实际上，我和我们班上的其他同学一样优秀。
Actually, I'm as_excellent_as_the_other_students in our class.
2.It is said that he drowned when he fell into a river while trying to take hold of the reflection of the Moon.
据说他在试图捉月亮的影子时掉进江里溺水身亡。
while时间状语从句的省略。
我坐在教室里做试卷时感到信心十足、精力旺盛。
While_sitting_in_the_classroom_and_doing my papers, I felt confident and was full of energy.
3.If only people could see me inside.
要是人们能看到我的内心世界就好了。
if only虚拟语气条件句，意为“但愿，要是……就好了”。
要是雨停了就好了，我们就可以出去走走。
If_only_it_would_stop_raining,_we could go out for a walk.
二、课堂重点深化
1．prove linkv.证明是；被发现是 vt.证明，证实
[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①The boy tried to prove himself to_be (be) a good student and he really proved best.
②These results are further proofs (prove) of his outstanding ability.
[系统归纳]
(1)prove sth. to sb. 向某人证明某事
prove oneself to be ... 证明自己是……
prove (to be)＋n./adj. 证明是，结果是
It is proved that ... 据证明……，据证实……
(2)proof n. 证据；证明
There's (no) proof that ... (没)有证据证明……
[重点强化]
佳句时时写
③已经证明经常锻炼对人们的健康有益。
It_has_been_proved_that_taking_exercise_regularly_does_good_to_one's_health.
2．approve vi.赞成；同意 vt.批准；通过
[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①I approve of your trying (try) to make some money, but please don't neglect your studies.
②Many youngsters now measure their status by how much public approval (approve) they get online.
③Do you approve of the idea that success can be measured in terms of money alone?
[系统归纳]
(1)approve of sth./doing sth. 赞成某事/同意做某事
approve of sb.'s doing sth. 同意某人做某事
(2)approval n. 赞成；同意；批准
[重点强化]
易错对对碰(approve, approve of)
④I'm afraid your parents won't approve_of your going there.
⑤The National People's Congress approved the bill.
佳句时时写
⑥如果我的缺席得到批准，我将不胜感激。
I would be grateful if_my_absence_would_be_approved.
3．caution n．谨慎，小心，警告vt.警告；劝……小心；告诫；提醒
[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①We are advised to be cautious about/of making friends on the Internet.
②The nurse was told that the patient needed to be treated with caution (cautious)．
[系统归纳]
(1)caution sb.not to do sth. 警告某人不要做某事
caution sb. about/that ... 警告某人……
with caution 小心地，谨慎地
(2)cautious adj. 小心的，谨慎的
be cautious about/of ... 对……很小心
[重点强化]
佳句时时写
③因此，教育部最好对这一问题采取谨慎的态度。
Therefore, the Ministry of Education had better take_a_cautious_attitude toward_this problem.
4．reflect v．反映，显示；表达；反射；思考，反省
[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①In these cultures, silence is a call for reflection (reflect)．
②Susan's strong love for her country is reflected in her recently published poems.
[系统归纳]
(1)reflect on/upon 仔细考虑/沉思/反省……；回顾
be reflected in 被映照在……中；被反映在……
(2)reflection n. 反映，表现；倒影，影像；思考，反省
on/upon reflection 经过考虑后(改变看法)
a reflection of …… 的反映
[重点强化]
佳句时时写
③正如谚语所说，“读书不思考犹如吃饭不消化。”
As the saying goes, “Reading_without_reflecting_is_like_eating_without_digesting.”
1．cater for满足……的要求；顾及；为……提供所需
[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①Varieties of programs in the TV station cater to/for many different types of interest and taste among the public.
[系统归纳]
cater for sb. 为某人提供服务；满足某人要求
cater for a party/wedding/meeting, etc. 为聚会/婚礼/会议等筹办酒席/提供服务
cater to/for 迎合；投合
[重点强化]
佳句时时写
②我们都知道，满足每一个人的愿望是很困难的。
As we know, it_is_difficult_to_cater_for_everyone's_wish.
2．correspond with与……通信；与……相一致；相符合
[系统归纳]
(1)correspond v． 通信；相一致；类似
correspond to 相当；相称；相似
(2)correspondence n. 通信；一致；符合
keep up correspondence with 与某人保持通信联系
be in correspondence with 与……一致；与……有通信联系
[重点强化]
单句语法填空
①His actions do not correspond with his words.
②In this firm, the manager corresponds to the general in the army.
③My father has been in correspondence (correspond) with old comrades in arms.
佳句时时写
④此外，我会经常和她通信以便她能随时寻求建议。
Besides, I will_correspond_with_her_frequently so that she can seek advice whenever she needs.
3．if only引导虚拟语气的条件句、感叹句
[教材原句] If_only people could see me inside.
[自主体验]
①If only I had (have) more time to study.
②If only I hadn't informed (inform) her of the news, she wouldn't have felt so sad.
③If only I could_go (go) back and reset my goals.
④In a word, only if you learn English in the right way can_you_learn_it_well.
总之，只有使用正确的方法学习英语，你才能学好它。
[归纳点拨]
用法
规则
if only意为“要是……就好了，但愿”，常用来表示强烈的愿望和遗憾，它引导的句子要用虚拟语气。
(1)表示与现在事实相反的愿望时用if only sb. did/were ...
(2)表示与过去事实相反的愿望时用if only sb. had done/been ...
(3)表示与将来事实的愿望用if only sb. would/could/might do/be ...
注意
事项
only if意为“只要；只有”，用于引导条件状语从句时，不用于虚拟语气。另外，“only＋状语”位于句首时，句子要用部分倒装。
[佳句背诵]
①(增分要点句)If only I had another chance. I will study hard.
②(增分要点句)I am afraid of the coming exams. If only I could have time to review my lessons.
本单元语篇话题与新课程主题语境“人与社会”中的“诗歌”子话题相对应
一、话题语素积累多一点
子话题——诗歌
(一)浅易词汇温一温
①discuss ②preparation ③replace ④recite
⑤reflect ⑥series ⑦unique ⑧description
⑨recommend ⑩treasure ⑪practice ⑫tone
(二)生疏词汇记一记
①extraordinary adj. 非凡的 ②background n． 背景
③production n. 作品 ④inspiration n. 灵感；启发
⑤masterpiece n. 杰作 ⑥adaptation n. 改编本；适应
⑦lyric n. 抒情诗 ⑧essay n. 散文；文章；随笔
⑨myth n. 神话 ⑩legend n. 传说；传奇故事
⑪chapter n. 章 ⑫volume n. 卷
⑬entitle vt. 给……定名 ⑭generation n． 代；一代
⑮essential adj. 主要的；根本的 ⑯periodical n. 期刊
⑰draft n. 草稿；草案 vt.起草；草拟
⑱original adj. 原创的 n．原作
⑲intellectual adj. 理智的；智力的
(三)常用词块忆一忆
①be set in 以……为背景
②poetry contests 诗歌竞赛
③remind ...of 提醒……
④read aloud 朗读
⑤exchange of views 交流观点
⑥keep in mind 牢记
⑦works appreciation 作品欣赏
⑧enjoys great popularity among 深受……的欢迎
(四)写作佳句背一背
①Nowadays, many famous poets in ancient China and their great works are still influencing us, among whom Li Bai, Du Fu and Bai Juyi are my favourite ones.
②Taking your advice, I have decided to read the poem once more.
二、“分步写作”表达准一点
话题应用文分步写作
下面是唐朝诗人李绅的名作《悯农》(Sympathy on the Farmers)，请写一篇短文解释一下诗的意思及诗中所蕴含的作者的思想感情。
《悯农》
锄禾日当午，汗滴禾下土。
谁知盘中餐，粒粒皆辛苦。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
第一步：句写对——给词写句
(用方框内的词汇翻译句子)
be wet all over, be written by, fall into, grain, treasure, enjoy great popularity, in order to, remind ... of ..., waste
1．这是李绅写的一首诗。在中国读者中广受欢迎。
The_poem_was_written_by_Li_Shen._It_enjoys_great_popularity_among_Chinese_readers.
2．尽管外面很热，农民依然在劳作。
Although_it's_hot_outside,_the_farmers_are_still_working.
3．他们全身湿透，汗水掉在土地上。
They_are_wet_all_over_and_their_sweat_is_falling_into_the_soil.
4．又有谁确知我们桌上所有的美味佳肴都来自农民的辛苦劳动呢？
Who_knows_exactly_all_the_delicious_dishes_on_our_table_come_from_the_hard_work_of_the_farmers?
5．李绅写这首诗的目的是提醒人们农民辛苦劳动的重要性。很多年轻人浪费许多食物。
Li_Shen_wrote_this_poem_in_order_to_remind_people_of_the_importance_of_the_farmers'_hard_work._Many_young_people_waste_a_lot_of_food.
6．我认为理解这首诗歌并珍惜每一粒粮食是很重要的。
I_think_it's_very_important_to_understand_the_poem_and_treasure_every_grain.
第二步：量写够——语句扩充
7．在第1句中加入过去分词短语entitled “Sympathy on the Farmers”作后置定语；加入介词短语“在唐朝”；并且用定语从句升级。
The_poem_entitled_“Sympathy_on_the_Farmers”_was_written_by_Li_Shen_in_the_Tang_Dynasty,_which_enjoys_great_popularity_among_Chinese_readers.
8．在第2句中加入介词短语“在夏日正午时刻”和“在田地里”。
Although_it's_hot_outside_at_this_summer_noon_time,_the_farmers_are_still_working_in_the_fields.
9．在第3句中加入副词“frequently”和定语从句“庄稼生长的土地上”。
They_are_wet_all_over_and_their_sweat_is_frequently_falling_into_the_soil,_where_the_crops_grow.
10．在第6句中加入“对于今天的年轻一代来说”。
I_think_it's_very_important_for_the_young_generation_today_to_understand_the_poem_and_treasure_every_grain.
第三步：语写美——词句升格
1．用as引导的倒装句改写第8句。
Hot_as_it_is_outside_at_this_summer_noon_time,_the_farmers_are_still_working_in_the_fields.
2．用with复合结构改写第9句。
They_are_wet_all_over_with_their_sweat_frequently_falling_into_the_soil,_where_the_crops_grow.
3．用“it is of＋抽象名词＋主语从句”结构改写第10句。
I_think_it's_of_great_importance_that_the_young_generation_today_should_understand_the_poem_and_treasure_every_grain.
第四步：篇连顺——衔接成文
用it goes like this开头引出对诗的介绍，用but， nowadays，therefore等词汇连句成文。
The_poem_entitled_“Sympathy_on_the_Farmers”_was_written_by_Li_Shen_in_the_Tang_Dynasty,_which_enjoys_great_popularity_among_Chinese_readers._It_goes_like_this:_Hot_as_it_is_outside_at_this_summer_noon_time,_the_farmers_are_still_working_in_the_fields._They_are_wet_all_over_with_their_sweat_frequently_falling_into_the_soil,_where_the_crops_grow._But_who_knows_exactly_all_the_delicious_dishes_on_our_table_come_from_the_hard_work_of_the_farmers?
Li_Shen_wrote_this_poem_in_order_to_remind_people_of_the_importance_of_the_farmers'_hard_work._Nowadays,_many_young_people_waste_a_lot_of_food._Therefore,_I_think_it's_of_great_importance_that_the_young_generation_today_should_understand_the_poem_and_treasure_every_grain.
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．From my point of view, a good student should be healthy both mentally (精神上) and physically.
2．Success is the ability to go from one failure (失败) to another with no loss of enthusiasm.
3．Access to the park by ferryboat adds appeal (吸引力) to this visit.
4．I have some doubt whether your application will be approved (同意) by the manager.
5．What interests me most is literary (文学的) books, especially those written by famous writers.
6．It is also helpful to preview (预看) your lessons before class and take notes in class.
7．Thank you again for the books you generously donated (捐)．
8．The blackboard was decorated (装点) with beautiful words, which read “Happy Teacher's Day！”
9．I'm writing to you to share (分享) my opinions about the problem of heavy traffic every weekend at our school gate.
10．The information included in the documents proved (证明) that my husband had been out of town in his car that day.
Ⅱ.语境语法填空
1．Today, I'd like to share a Tang poem ❶with you, whose subject is about ❷tolerance (tolerant). The poet wants to prove ❸that to be tolerant of those in ❹sufferings (suffer) is a kind of virtue and caution us ❺to_stay (stay) away from mental ❻disorder (order)．
2．Peter ❶typically (typical) approves of ❷donating (donate) money to Buddhism, because he believes it caters ❸for people's belief in Buddha. Anyone who thinks himself or herself is a ❹failure (fail) can turn to Buddha for help.
3．Once upon a time, a merchant set his ❶departure (depart) before he glanced ❷at his suitcase. After arriving at the station, all ❸at once, he realized that he took his suitcase wrongly. How he hopes himself a ❹cautious (caution) man.
Ⅲ.根据提示补全句子
1．玛丽的书写不如汤姆的好。(not so/as ... as)
Mary's handwriting is not_so/as_good_as Tom's.
2．我们在看电视的时候，听到门铃响了。(while省略句)
While_watching_television,_we heard the doorbell ring.
3．我没有找到他，要是我记住了他的电话号码就好了。(if only)
I didn't find him. If_only_I_had_remembered_his_phone_number.
Ⅳ.短文填空
(Ⅰ)根据提示填空
One reason poetry can be so important is that it is so closely ❶concerned (concern) with feelings. Poetry is often full of ideas, too, and sometimes poems can be powerful ❷experiences (experience) of the mind, but most poems are primarily about how people feel rather than how people think. Poems provide, in fact, a language for feeling, and one of poetry's most outstanding ❸values (value) involves its attempt ❹to_express (express) the inexpressible. How can anyone, for example, put into words what it means to be in love or what it feels like to lose someone one cares about? Poetry tries, and it often captures ❺exactly (exact) the shade of emotion that feels just right to a reader. No single poem can ❻be_said (say) to express all the things that love or death feels like, or means, but one of the joys of ❼experiencing (experience) poetry occurs when we read a poem and want to say, “Yes, that is just what it is like; I know exactly what that line means but I've never been able to express it so well.” Poetry can be the voice of our feelings even when our minds are ❽speechless (speech) with grief or joy.
(Ⅱ)片段选词填空
adopt， powerful， social， achievement， recite， civilization， spiritual， affect， in the history of， introduce
In the Tang Dynasty scholars had to be poets. Their readers were not only people of high ❶social position but also common people. Poets ❷recited poems, women singers sang poems and other ranks of people, including old women and children, read Tang poems. This atmosphere ❸affected foreigners who visited the country at that time. As a result, Tang poetry ❹was introduced to some adjacent countries, like Japan and Vietnam.
Tang poetry is a most brilliant page ❺in_the_history_of ancient Chinese literature. It's a miracle in the cultural history of mankind. The Tang Dynasty was a ❻powerful empire with a vast territory. It inherited Chinese ❼civilization that went back to ancient times, was combined with the best of other cultures and ❽adopted the benefits of other nations in the world. Tang poetry wasn't the only ❾spiritual wealth created by the Tang Dynasty people. Philosophy and religion, handwriting and painting, and music and dance all gained new peaks of development. Tang poetry, however, was the jewel in the crown and its greatest ❿achievement.
一、复现单元考点——增强备考信心
Ⅰ.高考中的语法填空
1. (2017·江苏高考)A quick review of successes and failures (fail) at the end of year will help shape your year ahead.
2．(2016·浙江高考)When the time came to make the final decision for a course, I decided to apply for the one that reflected (reflect) my interest.
3．(2015·北京高考)These animals typically (typical) live between the surface of the ocean and a depth of about 3,300 feet — as far as most light can reach.
4．(2015·北京高考)They decorated the apartment with streamers (彩带) and party lights.
5．(2014·湖北高考)Instead of blaming the child who had broken the vase, she gave him a tolerant (tolerance) smile and let him go.
6．(2014·湖北高考)Before building work began, a lot of people didn't want the Shard though the plans were_approved (approve)．
7. (2013·大纲卷)That idea surely results in the imagination (imagine) at work when it comes to making different flavored (味道) chocolates.
8．(2010·江苏高考)China is already spending hundreds of billions of yuan on domestic railway expansion (expand).
Ⅱ.高考中的完形填空
(选用suffering, cautiously填空)
1．(2012·陕西高考完形填空)When it was getting dark, she saw a small, dark wooden house. She opened the door and __30__ stepped in. Suddenly, she heard a strange noise, and she ran out the door and back to the woods.cautiously
2．(2009·浙江高考完形填空)Together，we began to brainstorm ways we could help to ease the __38__ we had seen.
suffering
二、复现话题词汇——提高阅读准度
新高考下的命题新视角：诗歌是中华文明的重要组成部分，是中国传统文化的符号，《中国诗词大会》的开播更是传承和彰显了中华古文明的魅力。百人竞歌咏，佳句绕梁音。高考也以此为话题进行考查，该话题涉及诗歌的类型、发展、诗歌欣赏以及诗人介绍。平时多涉猎有关诗歌的素材，拓展知识面，从容应对高考。
[话题感悟]
学习目标 ——语篇复现词汇，活学活用记忆更深
( 加蓝词汇为本单元话题词汇，读文时请揣摩其用法)
[1]No poem should ever be discussed or “analyzed”， until it has been read aloud by someone, a teacher or a student. Better still, perhaps, is the practice of reading it twice, once at the beginning of the discussion and once at the end, so the sound of the poem is the last thing one hears of it.
[2]All discussions of poetry are, in fact, preparations for reading it aloud, and the reading of the poem is, eventually, the most concrete “interpretation (解释)” of it, suggesting tone, rhymes, and meaning all at once. Hearing a poet read the work in his or her own voice, on records or on films, is obviously a special reward. But even those aids to teaching cannot replace the student and the teacher reading it or, best of all, reciting it.
[3]I have come to think, in fact, that time spent reading a poem aloud is much more important than “analyzing” it and “exchanging of views”， if there isn't time for both. I think one of our goals as teachers of English is to have students love poetry and take it easy when we are reading a poem. Poetry is “a criticism of life”， and “a heightening (提升) of life”. It is “a most appropriate approach to the truth of feeling”， and it “can transform your life”. It also deserves a place in the teaching of language and literature (文学) more central than it presently occupies.
[4]I am not saying that every English teacher must try out poetryteaching. Those who don't like it should not be forced to convey that negative feeling to anyone else. But those who do teach poetry must keep in mind a few things about its essential nature, about its sound as well as its sense, and they must make_room in the classroom for hearing poetry as well as thinking about it.
语篇解读：诗歌是一种艺术形式，那么怎样去鉴赏和学习诗歌呢？通读本文之后，你可能会有所收获。
1．To have a better understanding of a poem, one should________.
A．discuss it with others B．analyze it by oneself
C．copy it down in a notebook D．practise reading it aloud
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据文章第一段的内容特别是第一句话“No poem should ever be discussed or ‘analyzed’， until it has been read aloud by someone, a teacher or a student.”可知答案选D。
2．According to the writer, one of the purposes of teaching English is to get students ________.
A．to understand life B．to enjoy poetry
C．to become teachers D．to become poets
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据文章第三段第二句话“I think one of our goals ... students love poetry and take it easy when we are reading a poem.”可知选B。
3．What does the last sentence in the third paragraph imply?
A．More stress should be laid on the teaching of poetry.
B．Poetry is more important than any other literature genre.
C．One cannot enjoy life fully without a good understanding of poetry.
D．Poetry is the foundation of all language and literature courses.
解析：选A 句意理解题。第三段最后一句主要意思为“诗歌应当在语言和文学教学中占据比现在更重要的地位”。由此可知选A。
4．The underlined phrase “make room” in the last paragraph could be best replaced by “________”．
A．build a booth
B．provide equipment
C．leave a certain amount of time
D．set aside enough space
解析：选C 词义猜测题。根据第三段第一句话“I have come to think ... ‘exchanging of views’， if there isn't time for both.”及最后一段中的“in the classroom for hearing poetry”可知选C。
学习目标 ——题后把脉规律，练后得法理解更透
细节理解技法(9)——“两关注”“一防范”破解间接信息题
间接细节理解题相对于直接细节理解题要难些，因为此类题目的正确选项都经过了命题人对原文信息的语义转换，两者存在表达上的差异。在做间接细节理解题时，要做到“两关注”“一防范”。“两关注”是指关注正确选项的两个特征：一是同义替换，即把文中语言(词汇和结构)改头换面，来表达相同的意思；二是对文章信息的归纳和总结。“一防范”是指防范干扰选项的逼真性，稍有不慎就会落入命题人设置的陷阱中。如上文第2题中应该关注选项B中的动词(enjoy)在原文中的同义词(love)，同时防范落入A项的陷阱中。
Ⅰ.完形填空
I never expected to go to the University of Michigan. I grew up in a small Midwest town where college wasn't __1__ by any means.Many students entered the workplace straight out of high school. For a long time, that is where I thought I would end up.
During my senior year, I started __2__ everywhere. I had the required grades and the ACT (American College Testing) __3__， but I came from a town of nowhere. So you can imagine the emotions of __4__ I had when I received a big envelope in the mail with the word “__5__” written across the top.
Now that the opportunity was open to me, I decided to go. I had received __6__ aid and scholarships, which I think was a __7__ factor in the decision. But no matter how much work I __8__， my parents considered a waste of __9__. I often felt I was lacking __10__. I did the application all by myself. After moving to the college, I did two jobs and paid for my __11__ and bills.
Looking back on it now, I feel that it wasn't __12__ to be selfreliant. But in the long run, I __13__ the lack of support I had at such a key point in my life which taught me to be __14__ and responsible in hard times, to go beyond __15__ and to try things I never thought I would ever be able to try. I believe that's what college is all about.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者出生在美国中西部的一个小城镇，从来没有想过能上大学，但作者通过自己的努力最终考上了大学并通过打工支付自己的学费和日常花销。作者通过自己的经历告诉我们，生活中的困难教会我们独立和有责任心，我们要尝试从来没有想过自己能做的事情。
1．A.expected B．envied
C．admired D．afforded
解析：选A 根据空前后可知，作者在美国中西部的一个小城镇长大，很多学生在高中毕业后就工作了，所以作者没有料到自己能上大学。expect“期待，料想”；envy“羡慕，妒忌”；admire“欣赏，赞赏”；afford“负担得起”。
2．A.delivering B．applying
C．registering D．competing
解析：选B 根据常识可知，此处表示在高中毕业那年，作者开始到处申请(大学)。第三段倒数第二句中的“I did the application ”也是提示。deliver“发表，递送”；apply“申请”；register“登记，注册”；compete“竞争，竞赛”。
3．A.qualifications B．diplomas
C．scores D．certificates
解析：选C 根据本句中的“required grades”及“the ACT (American College Testing)”可知，作者达到所要求的成绩和ACT分数(scores)。此处“grades”与“scores”同义。qualification“资格，学历”；diploma“文凭，学位证书”；score“分数，成绩”；certificate“证明书，文凭”。
4．A.anxiety B．relief
C．calmness D．conflict
解析：选D 根据上文中的“I had the required grades and the ACT (American College Testing) ________， but I came from a town of nowhere.”可知，作者达到了大学的申请条件，但觉得自己来自一个不知名的小镇，因此心情矛盾(conflict)。anxiety“焦虑，忧虑”；relief“宽慰，安心”；calmness“平静，冷静”；conflict“矛盾，冲突”。
5．A.Wishes B．Regards
C．Cheers D．Congratulations
解析：选D 根据下文中的“Now that the opportunity was open to me, I decided to go.”可知，作者最终上了大学，故信封上的字应是“祝贺”。regards“致意，问候”；cheers“干杯(用于祝酒)”；congratulations“祝贺”。
6．A.financial B．spiritual
C．academic D．parents'
解析：选A 根据下文的“scholarships”可知，作者得到了助学金和奖学金。financial aid“(高等院校的)助学金，助学贷款”；spiritual“精神的”；academic“学术的”。
7．A.boring B．driving
C．discouraging D．promising
解析：选B 根据上文可知，作者获得了经济上的帮助，这推动了作者决定去上大学。boring“无聊的”；driving“推进的，起推动作用的”；discouraging“令人沮丧的”；promising“有前途的，有希望的”。
8．A.get in B．take in
C．put in D．persist in
解析：选C 根据语境可知，似乎无论作者付出多少努力，作者的父母都认为是浪费时间。get in“到达”；take in“欺骗”；put in“投入(时间、精力)”；persist in“坚持，执意”。
9．A.space B．money
C．resource D．time
解析：选D 参见上题解析。
10．A.support B．courage
C．motivation D．concern
解析：选A 根据空后的“I did the application all by myself.”及最后一段第二句中的“lack of support”可知，没有人支持作者。support“支持，帮助”；courage“勇气”；motivation“动力，积极性”；concern“关切”。
11．A.feasts B．necessities
C．seminars D．majors
解析：选B 上大学之后，作者做了两份工作，独立支付日用必需品的开销和学费。feast“筵席，宴会”；necessity“必需品”；seminar“讨论会，研讨班”；major“专业”。
12．A.hard B．right
C．easy D．awkward
解析：选C 现在回想一下，作者感觉自力更生并不容易。根据后一句中的“But”可知，作者认为自力更生不容易，但却从中受益匪浅。
13．A.ignore B．appreciate
C．forget D．disapprove
解析：选B 从长远来看，作者感激在生命的关键时刻缺少支持这件事情，这教会作者在困难时期独立并有责任心，教会作者超越预期并且尝试从来没有想过自己能尝试的事情。ignore“忽视，不理”；appreciate“感激，欣赏”；forget“忘记”；disapprove“不同意”。
14．A.independent B．easygoing
C．honest D．considerate
解析：选A 参见上题解析。independent“独立的”；easygoing“随和的”；honest“诚实的”；considerate“考虑周到的”。
15．A.recognition B．description
C．control D．expectation
解析：选D 作者在文章开头提到从来没料到自己能上大学，与此处呼应，故选D项。recognition“识别，承认”；description“描述”；control“控制”；expectation“期待，预期”。
Ⅱ.语法填空
The history of Chinese poetry dates back almost 2,700 years __1__ the Spring and Autumn period (770－476 BC). Records are rare before that time __2__ Qin Shi Huang destroyed all the books that could __3__ (locate). The styles, rules, and regulations for Chinese poetry gradually __4__ (change) over the centuries until the time of the Tang Dynasty (618－907 AD). This became the golden age for Chinese poetry. During that time a number of __5__ (product) poets turned out as many as 50,000 classical poems. All aspects of Chinese society __6__ (high) regarded these poets. Sevencharacter lines became very popular.
Poetry, paintings, and calligraphy(书法) are three of these art forms that go particularly well together. Many poets were also excellent __7__ (paint) and calligraphers. A poem would be written for __8__ purpose of matching a painting and then written into the forefront of the painting with traditional Chinese calligraphy. This gives the paintings deeper __9__ (mean) and more elegance. It is common __10__ (find) this type of poetry, calligraphy art hanging in people's homes.
1．to 考查介词。根据句意可知，中国诗歌的历史可以追溯到2 700年前的春秋时期(公元前770～476年)。该句中的date back to... 是固定短语，表示“追溯到，从……就开始有”。
2．because/since/as 考查状语从句。因为秦始皇毁掉了所有可以找到的书，所以在那之前记录很少。根据语境可知，此处应用because/since/as引导原因状语从句。
3．be located 考查动词语态。在该句中locate表示“查明，找到”，在that引导的定语从句中，that 与locate之间为被动关系，因此用be located。
4．changed 考查动词时态。根据句意可知，唐朝前的几个世纪间，中国诗歌的风格、习惯、规则逐渐发生了变化。这是在描述过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时。
5．productive 考查形容词。空处位于名词poets之前，修饰人，因此用形容词，再结合语境可知，此处应用productive表示“多产的”。
6．highly 考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰谓语动词regarded，因此用副词。high和highly都可作副词，前者表示具体意义的“在高处，向高处”；后者表示抽象意义的“钦佩地，赞赏地；很，非常”。根据语境可知，此处用副词highly。
7．painters 考查名词。根据下文的“calligraphers”可以推断，此处指“画家”，故用painters。
8．the 考查冠词。for the purpose of doing sth.是固定搭配，意为“为了……目的”。
9．meaning 考查名词。根据空前的“deeper”和空后的“more elegance”可知此处用名词meaning，表示“意义”。
10．to find 考查非谓语动词。本句是“It is＋形容词＋to do sth.”句型，其中It是形式主语，不定式是真正的主语。故填to find。
Module 6 The Tang Poems
一、课前基础自查
(一)分类记单词——省时高效
Ⅰ.阅读单词(知其意)
1．acquaintance n．相识的人；泛泛之交
2．farewell n. 告别
3．astronomy n. 天文学
4．altitude n. 高度；海拔
5．merchant n. 商人
6．alcohol n. 酒精；白酒
7．breeze n. 微风，和风
8．sponsor n. 赞助商
9．barrier n. 关卡
10．shabby adj. 肮脏破旧的
11．merry adj. 欢快的
12．chorus n. 合唱；合唱曲
13．arbitrary adj. 任意的；随机的
14.enterprise n．事业
15．surgeon n. 外科医生
Ⅱ.重点单词(写其形)
1．dynasty n. 朝；代
2．shadow n. 影子，阴影
3．channel n. 途径；渠道
4．glance v. 一瞥；迅速看一眼
5．mental adj. 内心的；精神上的
6．reveal v. 揭示，揭露；显露
7．appeal n. 魅力，吸引力
8．anniversary n. 周年纪念日
9．update v. 更新；刷新
10．whichever pron. 无论哪个
11．preview n. 预观；预看
Ⅲ.拓展单词(通其变)
1．expansion n．扩张→expand v．扩大；扩张；膨胀
2．tolerant adj.宽容/容忍的→tolerance n．容忍→tolerate v．忍受
3．specialist n．专家→special adj.特别的；专门的→specially adv.特别地
4．advance n．进步；进展 →advanced adj.先进的；高级的
5．failure n．失败者；失败→fail v．失败
6．suffering n．(肉体或精神上的)痛苦；苦难→suffer v．遭受(痛苦)；患……
7．irregular adj.不规则的；无规律的→regular adj.规则的；有规律的
8．reflection n．倒影→reflect v．反映；反射
9．prove v．证明是；被发现是→proof n．证据；证明
10．approve v．赞成；同意→approval n．赞许；赞成
11．caution v．警告；劝……小心 n．谨慎；小心→cautious adj.小心的；谨慎的→cautiously adv.小心地；谨慎地
12．literary adj.文学的→literature n．文学
13．departure n．启程；上路→depart v．出发；启程
14．donate v．提供；捐→donation n．奉献；捐献；捐赠
15．decorate v．装点；美化→decoration n．装饰(品)→decorative adj.装饰的
16．independence n．独立→independent adj.独立的→dependent adj.依靠的；依赖的→depend v．依靠；依赖
17．imagination n．想象；空想→imagine v．想象→imaginative adj.有想象力的→imaginary adj.虚构的
18．typically adv.典型地，有代表性地；向来，一向→typical adj.典型的
19．reflect v．反映，显示；表达→reflection n．反映；反射；映像；沉思
[语境活用]
1．He failed again, but his repeated failure never discouraged him. He never admitted he was a failure. (failure)
2．The students usually decorate their classroom with paper flowers and balloons. But this year they intend to buy some decorative lights and special decorations. (decorate)
3．Bill Gates has donated a large sum of money to society. And he is highly respected for his donation.(donate)
4．They all agreed to expand the new company, but the expansion will cost them a lot of money.(expand)
5．He is a cautious man and is always doing things with caution. You should get on with him cautiously.(caution)
6．All the readers can't imagine how he can be so imaginative and write so many imaginary stories. We are all amazed at his rich imagination.(imagine)
7．I admire you for your tolerance,_because you can tolerate things which can't be tolerant.(tolerate)
(二)练中记短语——记牢用活
写准记牢
语境活用(选用左栏短语填空)
1.take_hold_of 抓住，握住
2．approve_of_sth. 赞成某事；满意某事
3．a_chorus_of 异口同声的
4．cater_for 满足……的要求
5．correspond_with 与……通信/相一致
6．all_at_once 突然；同时
7．on_second_thoughts 重新考虑后
8．glance_at 瞥见；迅速看一眼
9．take_on 呈现；具有；雇用
10．hand_in_hand 手拉手
1.Ted had made up his mind to give it up, but on_second_thoughts he determined to try a third time.
2．Jim stole a glance at Mary to see if she approved_of what he was suggesting.
3．Our country has indeed undergone rapid development and taken_on a new look.
4．She glanced_at her watch just to make sure that she was not late.
5．The language training programme caters_for teenagers who want to go abroad to study.
6．She still corresponds_with American friends she met in New York two years ago.
(三)仿写明句式——以用为本
教材原句
句式解读
句式仿写
1.As he was not so successful as some of the other young men of his time in the Civil Service Examination to become a government official ...由于他当时没有像其他年轻人一样在科举考试中取得成功……
as/so ... as ...
“和……一样的”。
(2017·天津高考书面表达)实际上，我和我们班上的其他同学一样优秀。
Actually, I'm as_excellent_as_the_other_students in our class.
2.It is said that he drowned when he fell into a river while trying to take hold of the reflection of the Moon.
据说他在试图捉月亮的影子时掉进江里溺水身亡。
while时间状语从句的省略。
我坐在教室里做试卷时感到信心十足、精力旺盛。
While_sitting_in_the_classroom_and_doing my papers, I felt confident and was full of energy.
3.If only people could see me inside.
要是人们能看到我的内心世界就好了。
if only虚拟语气条件句，意为“但愿，要是……就好了”。
要是雨停了就好了，我们就可以出去走走。
If_only_it_would_stop_raining,_we could go out for a walk.
二、课堂重点深化
1．prove linkv.证明是；被发现是 vt.证明，证实
[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①The boy tried to prove himself to_be (be) a good student and he really proved best.
②These results are further proofs (prove) of his outstanding ability.
[系统归纳]
(1)prove sth. to sb. 向某人证明某事
prove oneself to be ... 证明自己是……
prove (to be)＋n./adj. 证明是，结果是
It is proved that ... 据证明……，据证实……
(2)proof n. 证据；证明
There's (no) proof that ... (没)有证据证明……
[重点强化]
佳句时时写
③已经证明经常锻炼对人们的健康有益。
It_has_been_proved_that_taking_exercise_regularly_does_good_to_one's_health.
2．approve vi.赞成；同意 vt.批准；通过
[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①I approve of your trying (try) to make some money, but please don't neglect your studies.
②Many youngsters now measure their status by how much public approval (approve) they get online.
③Do you approve of the idea that success can be measured in terms of money alone?
[系统归纳]
(1)approve of sth./doing sth. 赞成某事/同意做某事
approve of sb.'s doing sth. 同意某人做某事
(2)approval n. 赞成；同意；批准
[重点强化]
易错对对碰(approve, approve of)
④I'm afraid your parents won't approve_of your going there.
⑤The National People's Congress approved the bill.
佳句时时写
⑥如果我的缺席得到批准，我将不胜感激。
I would be grateful if_my_absence_would_be_approved.
3．caution n．谨慎，小心，警告vt.警告；劝……小心；告诫；提醒
[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①We are advised to be cautious about/of making friends on the Internet.
②The nurse was told that the patient needed to be treated with caution (cautious)．
[系统归纳]
(1)caution sb.not to do sth. 警告某人不要做某事
caution sb. about/that ... 警告某人……
with caution 小心地，谨慎地
(2)cautious adj. 小心的，谨慎的
be cautious about/of ... 对……很小心
[重点强化]
佳句时时写
③因此，教育部最好对这一问题采取谨慎的态度。
Therefore, the Ministry of Education had better take_a_cautious_attitude toward_this problem.
4．reflect v．反映，显示；表达；反射；思考，反省
[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①In these cultures, silence is a call for reflection (reflect)．
②Susan's strong love for her country is reflected in her recently published poems.
[系统归纳]
(1)reflect on/upon 仔细考虑/沉思/反省……；回顾
be reflected in 被映照在……中；被反映在……
(2)reflection n. 反映，表现；倒影，影像；思考，反省
on/upon reflection 经过考虑后(改变看法)
a reflection of …… 的反映
[重点强化]
佳句时时写
③正如谚语所说，“读书不思考犹如吃饭不消化。”
As the saying goes, “Reading_without_reflecting_is_like_eating_without_digesting.”
1．cater for满足……的要求；顾及；为……提供所需
[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①Varieties of programs in the TV station cater to/for many different types of interest and taste among the public.
[系统归纳]
cater for sb. 为某人提供服务；满足某人要求
cater for a party/wedding/meeting, etc. 为聚会/婚礼/会议等筹办酒席/提供服务
cater to/for 迎合；投合
[重点强化]
佳句时时写
②我们都知道，满足每一个人的愿望是很困难的。
As we know, it_is_difficult_to_cater_for_everyone's_wish.
2．correspond with与……通信；与……相一致；相符合
[系统归纳]
(1)correspond v． 通信；相一致；类似
correspond to 相当；相称；相似
(2)correspondence n. 通信；一致；符合
keep up correspondence with 与某人保持通信联系
be in correspondence with 与……一致；与……有通信联系
[重点强化]
单句语法填空
①His actions do not correspond with his words.
②In this firm, the manager corresponds to the general in the army.
③My father has been in correspondence (correspond) with old comrades in arms.
佳句时时写
④此外，我会经常和她通信以便她能随时寻求建议。
Besides, I will_correspond_with_her_frequently so that she can seek advice whenever she needs.
3．if only引导虚拟语气的条件句、感叹句
[教材原句] If_only people could see me inside.
[自主体验]
①If only I had (have) more time to study.
②If only I hadn't informed (inform) her of the news, she wouldn't have felt so sad.
③If only I could_go (go) back and reset my goals.
④In a word, only if you learn English in the right way can_you_learn_it_well.
总之，只有使用正确的方法学习英语，你才能学好它。
[归纳点拨]
用法
规则
if only意为“要是……就好了，但愿”，常用来表示强烈的愿望和遗憾，它引导的句子要用虚拟语气。
(1)表示与现在事实相反的愿望时用if only sb. did/were ...
(2)表示与过去事实相反的愿望时用if only sb. had done/been ...
(3)表示与将来事实的愿望用if only sb. would/could/might do/be ...
注意
事项
only if意为“只要；只有”，用于引导条件状语从句时，不用于虚拟语气。另外，“only＋状语”位于句首时，句子要用部分倒装。
[佳句背诵]
①(增分要点句)If only I had another chance. I will study hard.
②(增分要点句)I am afraid of the coming exams. If only I could have time to review my lessons.
本单元语篇话题与新课程主题语境“人与社会”中的“诗歌”子话题相对应
一、话题语素积累多一点
子话题——诗歌
(一)浅易词汇温一温
①discuss ②preparation ③replace ④recite
⑤reflect ⑥series ⑦unique ⑧description
⑨recommend ⑩treasure ⑪practice ⑫tone
(二)生疏词汇记一记
①extraordinary adj. 非凡的 ②background n． 背景
③production n. 作品 ④inspiration n. 灵感；启发
⑤masterpiece n. 杰作 ⑥adaptation n. 改编本；适应
⑦lyric n. 抒情诗 ⑧essay n. 散文；文章；随笔
⑨myth n. 神话 ⑩legend n. 传说；传奇故事
⑪chapter n. 章 ⑫volume n. 卷
⑬entitle vt. 给……定名 ⑭generation n． 代；一代
⑮essential adj. 主要的；根本的 ⑯periodical n. 期刊
⑰draft n. 草稿；草案 vt.起草；草拟
⑱original adj. 原创的 n．原作
⑲intellectual adj. 理智的；智力的
(三)常用词块忆一忆
①be set in 以……为背景
②poetry contests 诗歌竞赛
③remind ...of 提醒……
④read aloud 朗读
⑤exchange of views 交流观点
⑥keep in mind 牢记
⑦works appreciation 作品欣赏
⑧enjoys great popularity among 深受……的欢迎
(四)写作佳句背一背
①Nowadays, many famous poets in ancient China and their great works are still influencing us, among whom Li Bai, Du Fu and Bai Juyi are my favourite ones.
②Taking your advice, I have decided to read the poem once more.
二、“分步写作”表达准一点
话题应用文分步写作
下面是唐朝诗人李绅的名作《悯农》(Sympathy on the Farmers)，请写一篇短文解释一下诗的意思及诗中所蕴含的作者的思想感情。
《悯农》
锄禾日当午，汗滴禾下土。
谁知盘中餐，粒粒皆辛苦。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
第一步：句写对——给词写句
(用方框内的词汇翻译句子)
be wet all over, be written by, fall into, grain, treasure, enjoy great popularity, in order to, remind ... of ..., waste
1．这是李绅写的一首诗。在中国读者中广受欢迎。
The_poem_was_written_by_Li_Shen._It_enjoys_great_popularity_among_Chinese_readers.
2．尽管外面很热，农民依然在劳作。
Although_it's_hot_outside,_the_farmers_are_still_working.
3．他们全身湿透，汗水掉在土地上。
They_are_wet_all_over_and_their_sweat_is_falling_into_the_soil.
4．又有谁确知我们桌上所有的美味佳肴都来自农民的辛苦劳动呢？
Who_knows_exactly_all_the_delicious_dishes_on_our_table_come_from_the_hard_work_of_the_farmers?
5．李绅写这首诗的目的是提醒人们农民辛苦劳动的重要性。很多年轻人浪费许多食物。
Li_Shen_wrote_this_poem_in_order_to_remind_people_of_the_importance_of_the_farmers'_hard_work._Many_young_people_waste_a_lot_of_food.
6．我认为理解这首诗歌并珍惜每一粒粮食是很重要的。
I_think_it's_very_important_to_understand_the_poem_and_treasure_every_grain.
第二步：量写够——语句扩充
7．在第1句中加入过去分词短语entitled “Sympathy on the Farmers”作后置定语；加入介词短语“在唐朝”；并且用定语从句升级。
The_poem_entitled_“Sympathy_on_the_Farmers”_was_written_by_Li_Shen_in_the_Tang_Dynasty,_which_enjoys_great_popularity_among_Chinese_readers.
8．在第2句中加入介词短语“在夏日正午时刻”和“在田地里”。
Although_it's_hot_outside_at_this_summer_noon_time,_the_farmers_are_still_working_in_the_fields.
9．在第3句中加入副词“frequently”和定语从句“庄稼生长的土地上”。
They_are_wet_all_over_and_their_sweat_is_frequently_falling_into_the_soil,_where_the_crops_grow.
10．在第6句中加入“对于今天的年轻一代来说”。
I_think_it's_very_important_for_the_young_generation_today_to_understand_the_poem_and_treasure_every_grain.
第三步：语写美——词句升格
1．用as引导的倒装句改写第8句。
Hot_as_it_is_outside_at_this_summer_noon_time,_the_farmers_are_still_working_in_the_fields.
2．用with复合结构改写第9句。
They_are_wet_all_over_with_their_sweat_frequently_falling_into_the_soil,_where_the_crops_grow.
3．用“it is of＋抽象名词＋主语从句”结构改写第10句。
I_think_it's_of_great_importance_that_the_young_generation_today_should_understand_the_poem_and_treasure_every_grain.
第四步：篇连顺——衔接成文
用it goes like this开头引出对诗的介绍，用but， nowadays，therefore等词汇连句成文。
The_poem_entitled_“Sympathy_on_the_Farmers”_was_written_by_Li_Shen_in_the_Tang_Dynasty,_which_enjoys_great_popularity_among_Chinese_readers._It_goes_like_this:_Hot_as_it_is_outside_at_this_summer_noon_time,_the_farmers_are_still_working_in_the_fields._They_are_wet_all_over_with_their_sweat_frequently_falling_into_the_soil,_where_the_crops_grow._But_who_knows_exactly_all_the_delicious_dishes_on_our_table_come_from_the_hard_work_of_the_farmers?
Li_Shen_wrote_this_poem_in_order_to_remind_people_of_the_importance_of_the_farmers'_hard_work._Nowadays,_many_young_people_waste_a_lot_of_food._Therefore,_I_think_it's_of_great_importance_that_the_young_generation_today_should_understand_the_poem_and_treasure_every_grain.
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．From my point of view, a good student should be healthy both mentally (精神上) and physically.
2．Success is the ability to go from one failure (失败) to another with no loss of enthusiasm.
3．Access to the park by ferryboat adds appeal (吸引力) to this visit.
4．I have some doubt whether your application will be approved (同意) by the manager.
5．What interests me most is literary (文学的) books, especially those written by famous writers.
6．It is also helpful to preview (预看) your lessons before class and take notes in class.
7．Thank you again for the books you generously donated (捐)．
8．The blackboard was decorated (装点) with beautiful words, which read “Happy Teacher's Day！”
9．I'm writing to you to share (分享) my opinions about the problem of heavy traffic every weekend at our school gate.
10．The information included in the documents proved (证明) that my husband had been out of town in his car that day.
Ⅱ.语境语法填空
1．Today, I'd like to share a Tang poem ❶with you, whose subject is about ❷tolerance (tolerant). The poet wants to prove ❸that to be tolerant of those in ❹sufferings (suffer) is a kind of virtue and caution us ❺to_stay (stay) away from mental ❻disorder (order)．
2．Peter ❶typically (typical) approves of ❷donating (donate) money to Buddhism, because he believes it caters ❸for people's belief in Buddha. Anyone who thinks himself or herself is a ❹failure (fail) can turn to Buddha for help.
3．Once upon a time, a merchant set his ❶departure (depart) before he glanced ❷at his suitcase. After arriving at the station, all ❸at once, he realized that he took his suitcase wrongly. How he hopes himself a ❹cautious (caution) man.
Ⅲ.根据提示补全句子
1．玛丽的书写不如汤姆的好。(not so/as ... as)
Mary's handwriting is not_so/as_good_as Tom's.
2．我们在看电视的时候，听到门铃响了。(while省略句)
While_watching_television,_we heard the doorbell ring.
3．我没有找到他，要是我记住了他的电话号码就好了。(if only)
I didn't find him. If_only_I_had_remembered_his_phone_number.
Ⅳ.短文填空
(Ⅰ)根据提示填空
One reason poetry can be so important is that it is so closely ❶concerned (concern) with feelings. Poetry is often full of ideas, too, and sometimes poems can be powerful ❷experiences (experience) of the mind, but most poems are primarily about how people feel rather than how people think. Poems provide, in fact, a language for feeling, and one of poetry's most outstanding ❸values (value) involves its attempt ❹to_express (express) the inexpressible. How can anyone, for example, put into words what it means to be in love or what it feels like to lose someone one cares about? Poetry tries, and it often captures ❺exactly (exact) the shade of emotion that feels just right to a reader. No single poem can ❻be_said (say) to express all the things that love or death feels like, or means, but one of the joys of ❼experiencing (experience) poetry occurs when we read a poem and want to say, “Yes, that is just what it is like; I know exactly what that line means but I've never been able to express it so well.” Poetry can be the voice of our feelings even when our minds are ❽speechless (speech) with grief or joy.
(Ⅱ)片段选词填空
adopt， powerful， social， achievement， recite， civilization， spiritual， affect， in the history of， introduce
In the Tang Dynasty scholars had to be poets. Their readers were not only people of high ❶social position but also common people. Poets ❷recited poems, women singers sang poems and other ranks of people, including old women and children, read Tang poems. This atmosphere ❸affected foreigners who visited the country at that time. As a result, Tang poetry ❹was introduced to some adjacent countries, like Japan and Vietnam.
Tang poetry is a most brilliant page ❺in_the_history_of ancient Chinese literature. It's a miracle in the cultural history of mankind. The Tang Dynasty was a ❻powerful empire with a vast territory. It inherited Chinese ❼civilization that went back to ancient times, was combined with the best of other cultures and ❽adopted the benefits of other nations in the world. Tang poetry wasn't the only ❾spiritual wealth created by the Tang Dynasty people. Philosophy and religion, handwriting and painting, and music and dance all gained new peaks of development. Tang poetry, however, was the jewel in the crown and its greatest ❿achievement.
一、复现单元考点——增强备考信心
Ⅰ.高考中的语法填空
1. (2017·江苏高考)A quick review of successes and failures (fail) at the end of year will help shape your year ahead.
2．(2016·浙江高考)When the time came to make the final decision for a course, I decided to apply for the one that reflected (reflect) my interest.
3．(2015·北京高考)These animals typically (typical) live between the surface of the ocean and a depth of about 3,300 feet — as far as most light can reach.
4．(2015·北京高考)They decorated the apartment with streamers (彩带) and party lights.
5．(2014·湖北高考)Instead of blaming the child who had broken the vase, she gave him a tolerant (tolerance) smile and let him go.
6．(2014·湖北高考)Before building work began, a lot of people didn't want the Shard though the plans were_approved (approve)．
7. (2013·大纲卷)That idea surely results in the imagination (imagine) at work when it comes to making different flavored (味道) chocolates.
8．(2010·江苏高考)China is already spending hundreds of billions of yuan on domestic railway expansion (expand).
Ⅱ.高考中的完形填空
(选用suffering, cautiously填空)
1．(2012·陕西高考完形填空)When it was getting dark, she saw a small, dark wooden house. She opened the door and __30__ stepped in. Suddenly, she heard a strange noise, and she ran out the door and back to the woods.cautiously
2．(2009·浙江高考完形填空)Together，we began to brainstorm ways we could help to ease the __38__ we had seen.
suffering
二、复现话题词汇——提高阅读准度
新高考下的命题新视角：诗歌是中华文明的重要组成部分，是中国传统文化的符号，《中国诗词大会》的开播更是传承和彰显了中华古文明的魅力。百人竞歌咏，佳句绕梁音。高考也以此为话题进行考查，该话题涉及诗歌的类型、发展、诗歌欣赏以及诗人介绍。平时多涉猎有关诗歌的素材，拓展知识面，从容应对高考。
[话题感悟]
学习目标 ——语篇复现词汇，活学活用记忆更深
( 加蓝词汇为本单元话题词汇，读文时请揣摩其用法)
[1]No poem should ever be discussed or “analyzed”， until it has been read aloud by someone, a teacher or a student. Better still, perhaps, is the practice of reading it twice, once at the beginning of the discussion and once at the end, so the sound of the poem is the last thing one hears of it.
[2]All discussions of poetry are, in fact, preparations for reading it aloud, and the reading of the poem is, eventually, the most concrete “interpretation (解释)” of it, suggesting tone, rhymes, and meaning all at once. Hearing a poet read the work in his or her own voice, on records or on films, is obviously a special reward. But even those aids to teaching cannot replace the student and the teacher reading it or, best of all, reciting it.
[3]I have come to think, in fact, that time spent reading a poem aloud is much more important than “analyzing” it and “exchanging of views”， if there isn't time for both. I think one of our goals as teachers of English is to have students love poetry and take it easy when we are reading a poem. Poetry is “a criticism of life”， and “a heightening (提升) of life”. It is “a most appropriate approach to the truth of feeling”， and it “can transform your life”. It also deserves a place in the teaching of language and literature (文学) more central than it presently occupies.
[4]I am not saying that every English teacher must try out poetryteaching. Those who don't like it should not be forced to convey that negative feeling to anyone else. But those who do teach poetry must keep in mind a few things about its essential nature, about its sound as well as its sense, and they must make_room in the classroom for hearing poetry as well as thinking about it.
语篇解读：诗歌是一种艺术形式，那么怎样去鉴赏和学习诗歌呢？通读本文之后，你可能会有所收获。
1．To have a better understanding of a poem, one should________.
A．discuss it with others B．analyze it by oneself
C．copy it down in a notebook D．practise reading it aloud
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据文章第一段的内容特别是第一句话“No poem should ever be discussed or ‘analyzed’， until it has been read aloud by someone, a teacher or a student.”可知答案选D。
2．According to the writer, one of the purposes of teaching English is to get students ________.
A．to understand life B．to enjoy poetry
C．to become teachers D．to become poets
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据文章第三段第二句话“I think one of our goals ... students love poetry and take it easy when we are reading a poem.”可知选B。
3．What does the last sentence in the third paragraph imply?
A．More stress should be laid on the teaching of poetry.
B．Poetry is more important than any other literature genre.
C．One cannot enjoy life fully without a good understanding of poetry.
D．Poetry is the foundation of all language and literature courses.
解析：选A 句意理解题。第三段最后一句主要意思为“诗歌应当在语言和文学教学中占据比现在更重要的地位”。由此可知选A。
4．The underlined phrase “make room” in the last paragraph could be best replaced by “________”．
A．build a booth
B．provide equipment
C．leave a certain amount of time
D．set aside enough space
解析：选C 词义猜测题。根据第三段第一句话“I have come to think ... ‘exchanging of views’， if there isn't time for both.”及最后一段中的“in the classroom for hearing poetry”可知选C。
学习目标 ——题后把脉规律，练后得法理解更透
细节理解技法(9)——“两关注”“一防范”破解间接信息题
间接细节理解题相对于直接细节理解题要难些，因为此类题目的正确选项都经过了命题人对原文信息的语义转换，两者存在表达上的差异。在做间接细节理解题时，要做到“两关注”“一防范”。“两关注”是指关注正确选项的两个特征：一是同义替换，即把文中语言(词汇和结构)改头换面，来表达相同的意思；二是对文章信息的归纳和总结。“一防范”是指防范干扰选项的逼真性，稍有不慎就会落入命题人设置的陷阱中。如上文第2题中应该关注选项B中的动词(enjoy)在原文中的同义词(love)，同时防范落入A项的陷阱中。
Ⅰ.完形填空
I never expected to go to the University of Michigan. I grew up in a small Midwest town where college wasn't __1__ by any means.Many students entered the workplace straight out of high school. For a long time, that is where I thought I would end up.
During my senior year, I started __2__ everywhere. I had the required grades and the ACT (American College Testing) __3__， but I came from a town of nowhere. So you can imagine the emotions of __4__ I had when I received a big envelope in the mail with the word “__5__” written across the top.
Now that the opportunity was open to me, I decided to go. I had received __6__ aid and scholarships, which I think was a __7__ factor in the decision. But no matter how much work I __8__， my parents considered a waste of __9__. I often felt I was lacking __10__. I did the application all by myself. After moving to the college, I did two jobs and paid for my __11__ and bills.
Looking back on it now, I feel that it wasn't __12__ to be selfreliant. But in the long run, I __13__ the lack of support I had at such a key point in my life which taught me to be __14__ and responsible in hard times, to go beyond __15__ and to try things I never thought I would ever be able to try. I believe that's what college is all about.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者出生在美国中西部的一个小城镇，从来没有想过能上大学，但作者通过自己的努力最终考上了大学并通过打工支付自己的学费和日常花销。作者通过自己的经历告诉我们，生活中的困难教会我们独立和有责任心，我们要尝试从来没有想过自己能做的事情。
1．A.expected B．envied
C．admired D．afforded
解析：选A 根据空前后可知，作者在美国中西部的一个小城镇长大，很多学生在高中毕业后就工作了，所以作者没有料到自己能上大学。expect“期待，料想”；envy“羡慕，妒忌”；admire“欣赏，赞赏”；afford“负担得起”。
2．A.delivering B．applying
C．registering D．competing
解析：选B 根据常识可知，此处表示在高中毕业那年，作者开始到处申请(大学)。第三段倒数第二句中的“I did the application ”也是提示。deliver“发表，递送”；apply“申请”；register“登记，注册”；compete“竞争，竞赛”。
3．A.qualifications B．diplomas
C．scores D．certificates
解析：选C 根据本句中的“required grades”及“the ACT (American College Testing)”可知，作者达到所要求的成绩和ACT分数(scores)。此处“grades”与“scores”同义。qualification“资格，学历”；diploma“文凭，学位证书”；score“分数，成绩”；certificate“证明书，文凭”。
4．A.anxiety B．relief
C．calmness D．conflict
解析：选D 根据上文中的“I had the required grades and the ACT (American College Testing) ________， but I came from a town of nowhere.”可知，作者达到了大学的申请条件，但觉得自己来自一个不知名的小镇，因此心情矛盾(conflict)。anxiety“焦虑，忧虑”；relief“宽慰，安心”；calmness“平静，冷静”；conflict“矛盾，冲突”。
5．A.Wishes B．Regards
C．Cheers D．Congratulations
解析：选D 根据下文中的“Now that the opportunity was open to me, I decided to go.”可知，作者最终上了大学，故信封上的字应是“祝贺”。regards“致意，问候”；cheers“干杯(用于祝酒)”；congratulations“祝贺”。
6．A.financial B．spiritual
C．academic D．parents'
解析：选A 根据下文的“scholarships”可知，作者得到了助学金和奖学金。financial aid“(高等院校的)助学金，助学贷款”；spiritual“精神的”；academic“学术的”。
7．A.boring B．driving
C．discouraging D．promising
解析：选B 根据上文可知，作者获得了经济上的帮助，这推动了作者决定去上大学。boring“无聊的”；driving“推进的，起推动作用的”；discouraging“令人沮丧的”；promising“有前途的，有希望的”。
8．A.get in B．take in
C．put in D．persist in
解析：选C 根据语境可知，似乎无论作者付出多少努力，作者的父母都认为是浪费时间。get in“到达”；take in“欺骗”；put in“投入(时间、精力)”；persist in“坚持，执意”。
9．A.space B．money
C．resource D．time
解析：选D 参见上题解析。
10．A.support B．courage
C．motivation D．concern
解析：选A 根据空后的“I did the application all by myself.”及最后一段第二句中的“lack of support”可知，没有人支持作者。support“支持，帮助”；courage“勇气”；motivation“动力，积极性”；concern“关切”。
11．A.feasts B．necessities
C．seminars D．majors
解析：选B 上大学之后，作者做了两份工作，独立支付日用必需品的开销和学费。feast“筵席，宴会”；necessity“必需品”；seminar“讨论会，研讨班”；major“专业”。
12．A.hard B．right
C．easy D．awkward
解析：选C 现在回想一下，作者感觉自力更生并不容易。根据后一句中的“But”可知，作者认为自力更生不容易，但却从中受益匪浅。
13．A.ignore B．appreciate
C．forget D．disapprove
解析：选B 从长远来看，作者感激在生命的关键时刻缺少支持这件事情，这教会作者在困难时期独立并有责任心，教会作者超越预期并且尝试从来没有想过自己能尝试的事情。ignore“忽视，不理”；appreciate“感激，欣赏”；forget“忘记”；disapprove“不同意”。
14．A.independent B．easygoing
C．honest D．considerate
解析：选A 参见上题解析。independent“独立的”；easygoing“随和的”；honest“诚实的”；considerate“考虑周到的”。
15．A.recognition B．description
C．control D．expectation
解析：选D 作者在文章开头提到从来没料到自己能上大学，与此处呼应，故选D项。recognition“识别，承认”；description“描述”；control“控制”；expectation“期待，预期”。
Ⅱ.语法填空
The history of Chinese poetry dates back almost 2,700 years __1__ the Spring and Autumn period (770－476 BC). Records are rare before that time __2__ Qin Shi Huang destroyed all the books that could __3__ (locate). The styles, rules, and regulations for Chinese poetry gradually __4__ (change) over the centuries until the time of the Tang Dynasty (618－907 AD). This became the golden age for Chinese poetry. During that time a number of __5__ (product) poets turned out as many as 50,000 classical poems. All aspects of Chinese society __6__ (high) regarded these poets. Sevencharacter lines became very popular.
Poetry, paintings, and calligraphy(书法) are three of these art forms that go particularly well together. Many poets were also excellent __7__ (paint) and calligraphers. A poem would be written for __8__ purpose of matching a painting and then written into the forefront of the painting with traditional Chinese calligraphy. This gives the paintings deeper __9__ (mean) and more elegance. It is common __10__ (find) this type of poetry, calligraphy art hanging in people's homes.
1．to 考查介词。根据句意可知，中国诗歌的历史可以追溯到2 700年前的春秋时期(公元前770～476年)。该句中的date back to... 是固定短语，表示“追溯到，从……就开始有”。
2．because/since/as 考查状语从句。因为秦始皇毁掉了所有可以找到的书，所以在那之前记录很少。根据语境可知，此处应用because/since/as引导原因状语从句。
3．be located 考查动词语态。在该句中locate表示“查明，找到”，在that引导的定语从句中，that 与locate之间为被动关系，因此用be located。
4．changed 考查动词时态。根据句意可知，唐朝前的几个世纪间，中国诗歌的风格、习惯、规则逐渐发生了变化。这是在描述过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时。
5．productive 考查形容词。空处位于名词poets之前，修饰人，因此用形容词，再结合语境可知，此处应用productive表示“多产的”。
6．highly 考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰谓语动词regarded，因此用副词。high和highly都可作副词，前者表示具体意义的“在高处，向高处”；后者表示抽象意义的“钦佩地，赞赏地；很，非常”。根据语境可知，此处用副词highly。
7．painters 考查名词。根据下文的“calligraphers”可以推断，此处指“画家”，故用painters。
8．the 考查冠词。for the purpose of doing sth.是固定搭配，意为“为了……目的”。
9．meaning 考查名词。根据空前的“deeper”和空后的“more elegance”可知此处用名词meaning，表示“意义”。
10．to find 考查非谓语动词。本句是“It is＋形容词＋to do sth.”句型，其中It是形式主语，不定式是真正的主语。故填to find。
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