2020高考英语新增分方案大一轮复习外研新课改省份专用讲义：必修五Module6AnimalsinDanger

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Module 6 Animals in Danger

一、课前基础自查
(一)分类记单词——省时高效
Ⅰ.阅读单词(知其意)
1．habitat n．　栖息地
2．wildlife n. 野生生物
3．battle n. 战斗
4．ideal adj. 理想的
5．skin vt. 剥皮；去皮
6．dealer n. (尤指买卖贵重商品的)商人
7．insect n. 昆虫
8．whale n. 鲸
9．brink n. 边缘
10．branch n. 分支机构；办事处
Ⅱ.重点单词(写其形)
1．struggle n．　挣扎；斗争
2．spot n. (某事发生的)准确地点；现场
3．condition n. (s)环境；情况
4．meanwhile adv. 同时
5．live adj. 活的
6．lay vt. 产卵；下蛋
7．wonder n. 奇迹
8．focus n. 焦点；集中点
9．waste vt. 浪费
10．monitor vt. 监测
Ⅲ.拓展单词(通其变)
1．endanger vt.使……处于险境；危及→endangered adj.濒危的→danger n．危险→dangerous adj.危险的
2．reserve n．保护区；保护圈 v．保留；预定→reservation n．保留；预定
3．extinct adj.灭绝的；绝种的→extinction n．灭绝；绝种
4．protect vt.保护→protection n．保护→protective adj.保护的
5．worth adj.值……钱→worthy adj.值得……的→worthwhile adj.值得花时间/金钱/精力的
6．aim n．目标；目的→aimless adj.没有目标的
7．involve vt.涉及；包括→involved adj.有关的
8．initial n．首字母 adj.最初的→initially adv.最初
9．continent n．大陆；洲→continental adj.大陆的；大洲的
10．energy n．能量；精力；能源→energetic adj.精力充沛的
[语境活用]
1．We should have a specific aim in life.Living an aimless life means wasting time.(aim)
2．Many animals are already extinct,_or are close to extinction.(extinct)
3．The murder involved many people but only a few proved to be involved in it.(involve)
4．The old man is still full of energy and his wife is even more energetic.(energy)
5．This tent offers little protection against the severe storm, so we should find a house to protect ourselves.(protect)
6．This article is well worth reading, but it is not worthy of being translated.So I feel that all your effort isn't worthwhile.(worth)
7．The tiger endangered the safety of the deer, but the endangered deer dealt with the dangerous situation smartly.Now it is out of danger.(danger)

(二)练中记短语——记牢用活
写准记牢
语境活用(选用左栏短语填空)
1.put_down　　　　放下；写下
2．give_one's_life_to 为……献身
3．at_a_time 一次
4．on_the_spot 当场
5．come_into_fashion 成为时尚
6．get_tough_with 对……采取强硬措施
7．be_concerned_about_sth. 关心某事；担心某事
8．keep_an_eye_on 照看；留神
9．go_for 攻击(某人)；对……也适用
10．feed_on (动物)以……为食
11．stand_for 代表
12．set_up 建立；设立
1.Can you keep_an_eye_on my luggage while I'm away?
2．The government will get_tough_with those who avoid paying taxes.
3．A sheep feeding_on this kind of special grass usually grows much faster.
4．Do you know what the letters MBA stand_for?
5．When the thief was trying to break into the bank, he was caught on_the_spot.
6．Mary is really good at taking notes in class.She can put_down almost every word her teacher says.

(三)仿写明句式——以用为本
教材原句
句式解读
句式仿写
1.Although surprised, the poachers had an advantage — there were more of them.
尽管很吃惊，(但是)偷猎者有一个优势——他们人多。
although引导让步状语从句的省略，其后省略了they were。
尽管面对许多问题，他们没有失去信心。
Although_faced with many problems, they didn't lose heart.
2.But today the government seems to be winning the battle.
但是现在政府好像正在赢得这场战斗。
to be winning为动词不定式的进行时，作seems的表语。
随着社会的发展，我们似乎正在失去很多传统。
With the development of society, we seem_to_be_losing a lot of tradition.
3.Only about 1,000 survive, most of them in Siberia.只有大约1 000只(老虎)幸存下来，大部分在西伯利亚。
“代词＋介词短语”构成独立主格结构。
在我们大学里有100多名留学生，一些来自非洲。
There are more than 100 foreign students in our college, some_of_them_from Africa.

二、课堂重点深化

1．reserve n．保护区；保护圈；预备品，贮存；候补队员vt.储备，保存；保留；预约，预订
　[自主体验]　
写出下列句中reserve的词性和含义
①(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Reserve your spot before availability — and the cherry blossoms — disappear！v.预订
②(2017·江苏高考)Climate change is a continuing process, so Norphel's ice reserves will not last forever.n.贮存
③If you order after that, we reserve the right to either accept or reject order requests at the discounted price.v.保留
④Visit the famous Panda Reserve to see the lovely animals.n.保护区
单句语法填空
⑤When talking to a friend, we should be frank and without reserve.
⑥It is advisable to keep some food in reserve in case of emergency.
⑦We had made our reservation (reserve) six months earlier, but the girl at the front desk said there had been a mistake.
　[系统归纳]
(1)without reserve 　　　毫无保留地；直言不讳地
in reserve 贮存；备用
reserve sth.for sb. 为某人保留某物
(2)reservation n. 保留；预订(房间、座位等)
make a reservation 预订(座位、房间等)
　[重点强化]
佳句时时写
⑧首先，我认为有效的方式就是以一种科学的方式为未来储备水源。
Firstly, an effective way, I think, is to reserve_water_in_a_scientific_way_for_future_use.
僻义牢牢记
⑨He ended up as a reserve, but still qualified for a team gold medal.n.候补队员
2．struggle n．& v．挣扎，奋斗；斗争
　[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①Johnny struggled to_keep (keep) up with Lisette's smooth steps, but he was always one beat behind her.
②They had to struggle for their lives against weather and wild animals.
补全句子
③We have to struggle_against/with_all_kinds_of_difficulties from home and abroad.
我们必须与国内外的各种各样的困难进行斗争。
　[系统归纳]
struggle against　　　　与……斗争
struggle for 为……而斗争
struggle with 与……斗争；和……并肩奋斗
struggle to do sth. 努力/挣扎着做某事
struggle to one's feet 挣扎着站起来
　[重点强化]
佳句时时写
④与大部分的树木不同，这棵树中间弯着，正努力生长以获取更多的阳光。
Unlike most trees, this one bends in the middle, struggling_to_grow to get more sunshine.
3．protect vt.保护；防护
　[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①In the last few years, China has made great achievements in environmental protection (protect)．
②As is known to us all, shoes play an important role in our life, for it can protect our feet from being hurt.
③People there often wear a blue necklace hoping to protect themselves against evils.
补全句子
④Little children live happily under_the_protection_of their parents.
孩子们在家长的呵护下快乐地成长。
　[系统归纳]
(1)protect sb./sth.from　　保护某人/某物使不受……
protect sb./sth.against 防止某人/某物遭受……
(2)protection n. 保护
under the protection of 在……的保护下
　[重点强化]
佳句时时写
⑤(2016·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)我知道你拍照不错而且总是想为环保做些事情。
I know you take good pictures and you've always wanted to do something for_environmental protection.
4．worth adj.值……钱；值得……的
　[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①She is an ordinary woman but she is really worth respecting (respect)．
②The time you spend and the efforts you make will be worthwhile (worth)．
一句多译
这本参考书值得买，因为它对你的学习很有帮助。
③The reference book is_worth_buying,_because it is a great help for your study.(worth)
④The reference book is_worthy_to_be/of_being_bought,_because it is a great help for your study.(worthy)
⑤It_is_worthwhile_buying/to_buy the reference book, because it is a great help for your study.(worthwhile)
　[系统归纳]
(1)be worth＋some money　　值多少钱
be (well) worth doing ... (非常)值得被做(主动形式表示被动意义)
(2)worthy adj. 值得的
be worthy 值得被做
(3)worthwhile adj. 值得花时间/金钱/精力的
It's worthwhile 做……是值得的
　[重点强化]
佳句时时写
⑥(2017·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)既然你对中国传统文化感兴趣，我认为这个剪纸艺术展非常值得体验。
Since you are interested in traditional Chinese culture, I think this papercutting art exhibition is well_worth_experiencing.
5．wonder n．奇迹，奇观，惊奇v.想知道，对……感到惊奇，对……感到疑惑
　[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①I wonder how Mary has kept her figure after all these years.
②I lay on the bed, wondering (wonder) what would happen after all these things.
补全句子
③It's_no_wonder/No_wonder_(that) you're tired; you've been walking for hours.
难怪你累了，你一直走了好几个小时。
　[系统归纳]
(1)It's no wonder that ...＝No wonder that ...　　……不足为奇；难怪……
It's a wonder (that) ... 令人惊奇的是……
in wonder 惊奇地
do/work wonders 创造奇迹
(2)wonder at/about ... 对……感到惊奇
wonder if/how/wh从句想知道……
　[重点强化]
易错对对碰(wonder/wander)
④We spent the morning wandering around the old part of the city.
⑤I am wondering whether you could tell me more about this activity.
佳句时时写(词汇升级)
⑥I want to know if you could give me some advice so that I can get myself better prepared for my stay in Canada.
→I_wonder_if you could give me some advice so that I can get myself better prepared for my stay in Canada.
6．focus n．焦点；集中点vt.(使)集中，聚焦
　[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①(2018·天津高考)There's a new frontier in 3D printing that's beginning to come into focus: food.
②The case has brought the problem of child abuse sharply into focus.
③It shows a common phenomenon nowadays that children are the focus of families, shouldering the hope of their parents.
　[系统归纳]
(1)the focus of 　　　　　　　 ……的焦点
come into focus 成为焦点
bring/throw ...into focus 使……成为关注的焦点
(2)focus one's attention/eyes/energy/mind on ...
集中某人的注意力/目光/精力/思想于……
focus on/upon 集中于
　[重点强化]
佳句时时写
④通过设定目标，你把注意力集中到一个目标上，这个目标反过来使你集中思想去找到达到目标的方法。
By setting goals, you focus_your_attention_on a target, which, in turn, focuses your mind on finding ways to get there.

1．stand for代表；主张；容忍；接受
　[自主体验]
写出下列句中stand for的含义
①In China, Russia and some other countries, red stands for beauty, life and happiness.代表
②We Chinese stand for peace and wish to settle all disputes by peaceful means.主张
③She has been lying to me, and I won't stand for it.容忍
　[系统归纳]
stand out　　　　　　突出，显眼，杰出
stand by 袖手旁观，无动于衷；支持
stand up for 支持；维护
　[重点强化]
用法条条清(用stand out/stand by填空)
④(2017·江苏高考)A rethink is required — and as a new approach starts to become apparent, two ideas stand_out.
⑤Good Heavens! How could you stand_by and allow such a thing to happen!
佳句时时写(一句多译)
人们通常在中秋节吃代表幸福团圆的月饼。
⑥People usually eat moon cakes which_stand_for_a_happy_reunion on Midautumn Festival.(定语从句)
⑦People usually eat moon cakes standing_for_a_happy_reunion on Midautumn Festival.(分词短语作定语)
2．set up建立；设立，准备，安排
　[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①Ralph W．Emerson would always set down new ideas that occurred to him.
②They agreed to set aside their differences and work together for peace.
一句多译
他开始着手粉刷整幢房子，可是只完成了前面的部分。
③He set_out_to_paint_the_whole_house but finished only the front part.(set out)
④He set_about_painting_the_whole_house but finished only the front part.(set about)
　[系统归纳]
set aside　　　　　　　存储；留出；将……放在一边
set down 放下，写下，登记
set off 出发，动身；引发；使爆炸，燃放
set out 启程，动身；阐述；陈列
set out to do sth.＝set about doing sth. 开始着手做某事
　[重点强化]
佳句时时写
⑤(2018·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)另外，我们学校成立了一支排球队和一支篮球队。
Besides, our school set_up_a_volleyball_team and a basketball team.
3．seem to be doing“好像正在做……”
　[教材原句]　But today the government seems_to_be_winning the battle.
　[自主体验]
①When I entered his room, he seemed_to_be_doing_his_homework.
当我进入他的房间时，他好像正在做作业。
②(2015·浙江高考)On the surface, these people seem_to_be_very_lucky_in_life.
表面上，这些人好像在生活中非常幸运。
③(2017·北京高考)It_seemed_that everything the woman owned was in them.
看起来这位女子拥有的一切都在它们里面。
④It_seemed_as_if everyone had known the truth.
看起来好像所有人都知道了事情的真相。
⑤There_seems_to_be_endless_problems around me.When one is solved, another arises.
我身边好像有没完没了的问题。一个问题解决了，另一个接着就出现了。
　[归纳点拨]
用法规则
(1)seem to be doing “好像正在做……”
(2)seem to be＋adj./n. ... “看起来好像……”
(3)It seems that ... “看起来……”
(4)It seems as if ... “看起来好像……”
(5)There seems to be ... “看起来似乎有……”
注意事项
seem后可跟to do/to be doing/to have done，分别表示“看起来要做……/正在做……/已经做了……”。

　[佳句背诵]
①(精彩开头句)The truth is everyone will have one of those periods when things seem to be going wrong, so you don't have to worry so much.
②(增分要点句)All the others at the party seemed to know each other and I began to feel left out.
③(增分要点句)The little girl showed no anxiety before the competition.She seemed to have prepared for it pretty well.

本单元语篇话题与新课程主题语境“人与自然”中的“人与环境、人与动植物”子话题相对应
一、话题语素积累多一点
话题词汇记一记
子话题(一)　动物
温故浅易词汇
①animal　　②wildlife　③wolf ④panda
⑤elephant ⑥whale ⑦fur ⑧cattle
识记生疏词汇
①creature n．生物，动物　②species n．物种
③beast n．野兽，牲畜 ④dinosaur n．恐龙
⑤zebra n．斑马 ⑥giraffe n．长颈鹿
⑦squirrel n．松鼠 ⑧kangaroo n．袋鼠
⑨koala n．考拉 feather n．羽毛
⑪claw n．爪 ⑫hatch v．孵蛋

子话题(二)　生态保护
温故浅易词汇
①environment　②reduce　③protect ④forbid ⑤extinct ⑥reserve
识记生疏词汇
①decrease v．减少　②profit n．利润
③ecology n．生态，生态学 ④evolution n．进化，演变
⑤primitive adj.原始的，远古的 ⑥preserve vt.保护
⑦victim n．牺牲品，受害者 ⑧survivor n．幸存者

常用词块忆一忆
①wild animals　　　　　　　　野生动物
②polluted environment 被污染的环境
③natural disasters 自然灾害
④illegal killing 非法猎杀
⑤take action 采取行动
⑥in harmony with 与……和谐共处
⑦wildlife species 野生物种
⑧widespread destruction 大范围的毁灭
⑨in the wild 在野外
⑩hunt for food 捕食
⑪give birth to 生育
⑫care for 关心
⑬fully grown 长大
⑭main threat 主要威胁
写作佳句背一背
①The more wild animals we kill, the more debts we will pay in the future.
②All animals and plants are important, because each species contributes to the variety of life forms on the earth and plays an important role in maintaining life.
二、“分步写作”表达准一点
话题应用文分步写作

下面的图表和漫画反映了世界上野生动物种类的变化情况和原因。请根据你对图表和漫画的理解，用英语写一篇短文。内容包括：
1．描述野生动物种类的变化趋势；
2．分析导致野生动物种类变化的原因；
3．谈谈你对保护野生动物的看法和建议。

注意：1.可参照图表、漫画及下面文章开头所给的提示进行必要的发挥；
2．词数80左右；
3．开头已经写好，不计入总词数。
Many animals are in danger of dying out.　

第一步：句写对——给词写句

decrease, hunt, profit, environment, forbid, till, illegal killing, take action, protect, in harmony with　　
1．在最近的38年中，野生动物的种类急剧下降。
The_species_of_wild_animals_have_decreased_sharply_in_the_past_38_years.
2．到2018年仅剩150万。
There_were_only_1.5_million_left_till_2018.
3．对于这个问题有几个原因。
There_are_several_reasons_for_this_problem.
4．非法猎杀是一个重要原因。
Illegal_killing_is_an_important_reason.
5．人类为了时尚和巨大利益猎杀野生动物。
Human_beings_hunt_wild_animals_for_fashion_and_a_big_profit.
6．到了我们采取行动保护野生动物并给予它们一个好的生存环境的时候了。
It_is_high_time_for_us_to_take_action_to_protect_wild_animals_and_give_them_a_good_living_environment.
7．政府应该通过法律禁止大量猎杀。
The_government_should_pass_laws_to_forbid_much_killing.
8．我们只有以这种方式才能和野生动物和谐共处。
We_can_live_in_harmony_with_wild_animals_only_in_this_way.
第二步：量写够——语句扩充
9．在第1句前加入“图表显示”。
The_chart_shows_that_the_species_of_wild_animals_have_decreased_sharply_in_the_past_38_years.
10．在第4句前加入介词短语“除了污染的环境和自然灾害外”。
Apart_from_the_polluted_environment_and_natural_disasters,_illegal_killing_is_an_important_reason.
11．在第5句后加入which引导的定语从句“这导致野生动物的数量急剧减少”。
Human_beings_hunt_wild_animals_for_fashion_and_a_big_profit,_which_has_resulted_in_a_sharp_decrease_in_the_number_of_wild_animals.
第三步：语写美——词句升格
1．用as引导的定语从句改写第9句。
As_is_shown_in_the_chart,_the_species_of_wild_animals_have_decreased_sharply_in_the_past_38_years.
2．用“it's high time that ...”改写第6句。
It_is_high_time_that_we_should_take_action_to_protect_wild_animals_and_give_them_a_good_living_environment.
3．用only开头的倒装句型改写第8句。
Only_in_this_way_can_we_live_in_harmony_with_wild_animals.
第四步：篇连顺——衔接成文
用as a result， generally， in my opinion， in addition等衔接词连句成文。
Many animals are in danger of dying out.As_is_shown_in_the_chart,_the species_of wild_animals_have_decreased_sharply_in_the_past_38_years.As_a_result,_there_were_only_1.5_million_left_till_2018.
Generally,_there_are_several_reasons_for_this_problem.Apart_from_the_polluted_environment_and_natural_disasters,_illegal_killing_is_an_important_reason.Human_beings_hunt_wild_animals_for_fashion_and_a_big_profit,_which_has_resulted_in_a_sharp_decrease_in_the_number_of_wild_animals.
In_my_opinion,_it_is_high_time_that_we_should_take_action_to_protect_them_and_give_wild_animals_a_good_living_environment.In_addition,_the_government_should_pass_laws_to_forbid_much_killing.Only_in_this_way_can_we_live_in_harmony_with_wild_animals.

Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．At the same time, I made up my mind to study harder rather than waste (浪费) precious time on those useless things.
2．Meanwhile (同时), they exchange ideas and feelings with each other, through which they probably acquire more knowledge.
3．It really benefited me a lot to preview lessons, get actively involved (参与) in class, and review what had been taught after class.
4．I wonder (想知道) if you could send some Chinese knots to me.
5．Should we just pay lip service or take practical measures to protect (保护) it?
6．As a matter of fact, many ordinary jobs such as cleaning streets are worth (值得……的) doing.
7．In pursuing a dream, we might focus (集中) on only one way of making it come true, forgetting that there may be alternatives.
8．The picture reminds me of those who succeed in unfavorable conditions (状况)．
9．We turned around and found the girl struggling (挣扎) in the lake, crying for help.
10．I'd prefer to reserve (保留) my judgement until I find all the evidence.
Ⅱ.语境语法填空
1．The living ❶conditions (condition) of the people are improving while the pollution is becoming more serious.We can't stand ❷for this phenomenon and appeal to the government to take measures for environmental ❸protection (protect)．
2．A new reserve will be set up, aiming ❶to_prevent (prevent) poachers from killing the antelopes.We think it is well worth ❷doing (do) and call on people to struggle ❸against/with poachers.
3．Several ❶monitoring (monitor) points appeared on the island and their ❷branches (branch) would be set ❸up in the future.
4．Our society is focusing more attention ❶on the Internet addiction of the youth, which parents are also concerned ❷about. If only the young people didn't waste their precious time ❸on such useless things.
5．We sincerely hope that more and more people can keep an eye ❶on their own behavior and get ❷involved (involve) in the protection of ❸endangered (endanger) animals.
Ⅲ.根据提示补全句子
1．在中国，这些中国结代表友谊、爱和好运。(stand for)
In China, these knots stand_for_friendship,_love_and_good_luck.
2．如果我们发现那些材料有趣，我们将长时间把注意力集中在它们上面。(focus)
If we find those materials interesting, we'll focus_our_attention_on_them for long.
3．尽管很累了，她还是继续工作。(although引导让步状语从句的省略)
Although_very_tired,_she went on working.
4．我想知道你能否给我提供一些如何交朋友的建议。(wonder)
I_wonder_if/whether_you_can_give_me_some_advice on how to make friends.
5．为了确保孩子们的全面发展，似乎父母应该为孩子的成长和学习创造空间。(seem)
It_seems_that parents should create room for children's growth and study, in order to ensure their overall development.
Ⅳ.短文填空
(Ⅰ)根据提示填空
On Monday, the US Fish and Wildlife Service(USFWS) asked for African lions ❶to_be_listed (list) as “threatened” under the Endangered Species Act.This move would help protect them from ❷extinction (extinct)．
The African lion population was predicted to be 75,800 in 1980, according to the International Union for Conservation of Nature(IUCN)．That number ❸has_dropped (drop) by 30%.About 70% of all lion populations inhabit just 10 areas in eastern and southern Africa.
A ❹statement (state) from the US listed the ❺main_threats (主要威胁) to the big cats as loss of habitat, lack of prey, and more ❻conflicts (conflict) with humans.Over time, more humans have moved into areas ❼inhabited (inhabit) by lions.Experts believe human population in subSaharan Africa ❽will_double (double) by 2050, making the problem worse.
Lions once lived in most parts of Africa.Now they are found only in the south Sahara desert and parts of eastern and southern Africa.The service could make some activities ❾illegal (legal), including the buying and selling of hunted lions as trophies.This, it said, would ensure “that people in the United States do not ❿contribute_to/lead_to (导致) the further decline of listed species.”
(Ⅱ)片段选词填空
reduce， well researched， wildlife species， widespread destruction， in the wild， hunt for food， attack， give birth to， care for， fully grown
The grey wolf is one of the world's best known and ❶well_researched animals, with probably more books written about it than any other ❷wildlife_species.
At one time grey wolves could be found over large areas of Europe.Over the last century, however, their numbers and range have been considerably ❸reduced,_mainly as a result of hunting and the ❹widespread_destruction of habitat.As a result, it is not as easy to see them ❺in_the_wild as it used to be.
There are a number of subspecies (亚种) of grey wolf, such as the Italian wolf and the Iberian wolf, which live in the forests of northern Portugal and northwestern Spain.All wolves ❻hunt_for_food in small packs, often catching animals that are much larger than themselves.And although they eat almost anything including deer, sheep, rabbits and even fish and fruit, they rarely ❼attack people.
Grey wolves usually ❽give_birth_to between four and seven cubs.The cubs leave the cave when they are eight to ten weeks old, after which they are ❾cared_for by all members of the pack until they become ❿fully_grown.

一、复现单元考点——增强备考信心
Ⅰ.高考中的语法填空
1．(2018·浙江高考)While regularly eating out seems to have_become (become) common for many young people in recent years, it's not without a cost.
2．(2018·江苏高考)There is a good social life in the village, and I wish I had a second chance to become more involved (involve)．
3．(2017·浙江高考)The manonthestreet interview is an interview in which a reporter hits the streets with a cameraman to interview people on the spot.
4．(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)Most of us are more focused on our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day.
5．(2016·天津高考)Boys who worked in the home or community gained competence (能力) and came to feel they were worthwhile (worth) members of society.
6．(2014·全国卷Ⅰ)Thanks to digital technology and the widely available Internet, Turin notes, the endangered (endanger) languages can be saved and reconnected with speech communities.
7．(2014·山东高考)She asked Ann if she could keep an eye on the dog.
8．(2014·陕西高考)Why do Americans struggle with watching their weight, while the French, who consume rich food, continue to stay thin?
Ⅱ.高考中的完形填空
(选用wonder, focus, set up填空)
1．(2014·浙江高考完形填空)I sat, stunned (惊呆), for about half an hour, __29__ what had just happened.How did I make such a lifechanging difference to that boy without even knowing it? wondering
2．(2012·山东高考完形填空)Kurt Muller and his wife Rita have spent eleven years making meals for the homeless of Berlin, Germany's capital.They first began one long hot summer when most Germans were away on holiday.Kurt and his wife stayed at home, made sandwiches, __41__ a table in the street and gave food to the homeless.set_up
3．(2011·北京高考完形填空)Sometimes I'd get confused and take a shot at the wrong direction — which made me feel really stupid.Fortunately, I wasn't the only one “new” at the game, so I decided to __47__ on learning the game, do my best at each practice session, and not be too hard on myself for the things I didn't know “just yet”．focus
二、复现话题词汇——提高阅读准度
新高考下的命题新视角：良好的环境是人类生存和发展的前提。随着近年来环境的不断恶化，国家越来越重视保护环境、保护动植物，倡导与大自然和谐共存，因此，关于动植物保护的话题也成为高考的热点话题，我们应给予重视和关注。建议同学们多涉猎与动植物相关的英文材料，并以此来促进英语学习。
[话题感悟]
学习目标 ——语篇复现词汇，活学活用记忆更深
( 加蓝词汇为本单元话题词汇，读文时请揣摩其用法)
[1]How could we possibly think that keeping animals in cages in the unnatural environment — mostly for entertainment purposes — is fair and respectful?
[2]Zoo officials say they are concerned about animals.However, most zoos remain “collections” of interesting “things” rather than protective habitats.Zoos teach people that it is acceptable to keep animals bored, lonely, and far from their natural homes.
[3]Zoos claim to educate people and save endangered species, but visitors leave zoos without having learned anything meaningful about the animals' natural behavior, intelligence, or beauty.Zoos keep animals in small space or cages, and most signs only include the species' name, diet, and natural range.The animals' normal behavior is seldom noticed because zoos don't usually take care of the animals' natural needs.
[4]The animals are kept together in small space, with no privacy and little chance for mental and physical exercise.This results in unusual and selfdestructive behavior called zoochosis.A worldwide study of zoos found that zoochosis is common among animals kept in small space or cages.Another study showed that elephants spend 22 percent of their time making repeated head movements or biting cage bars, and bears spend 30 percent of their time walking back and forth, a sign of unhappiness and pain.
[5]Furthermore, most animals in zoos are not endangered.Captive breeding (圈养繁殖) of endangered big cats, Asian elephants, and other species has not resulted in their being sent back to the wild.Zoos talk a lot about their captive breeding programs because they do not want people to worry about a species dying out.In fact, baby animals also attract a lot of paying customers.Haven't we seen enough competitions to name baby animals?
[6]Actually, we will save endangered species only if we save their habitats and put an end to the reasons people kill them.Instead of supporting zoos, we should support groups that work to protect animal natural habitats.
语篇解读：本文讲述了动物园实际上并没有起到保护动物的作用，反而给动物带来一些不好的影响。
1．How does the author describe the animals' life zoos?
A．Dangerous.　　　　　　 B．Unhappy.
C．Natural. D．Easy.
解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第四段的第四句“Another study showed that ...a sign of unhappiness and pain.”可推知，这些圈养在动物园里的动物不开心，故选B。
2．In the state of zoochosis, animals __________.
A．remain in cages B．behave strangely
C．attack other animals D．enjoy moving around
解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第四段的第二句“This results in unusual and selfdestructive behavior called zoochosis.”可知，这些动物在动物园里表现出了非同寻常的自残行为，这种行为是非常奇怪的。故选B。
3．The author tries to persuade readers to accept argument mainly by __________.
A．pointing out the faults in what zoos do
B．using evidence he has collected in zoos
C．questioning the way animals are protected
D．discussing the advantages of natural habitats
解析：选A　推理判断题。作者首先在第一段通过反问句引起读者思考：将动物饲养在非自然环境的笼子中且主要是为了娱乐，这一行为是公平和尊重吗？然后在第二、三、四段描述动物园错误的做法，最后得出结论：不应该支持动物园的行为。故选A。
4．Although he argues against zoos, the author would still agree that __________.
A．zoos have to keep animals in small cages
B．most animals in zoos are endangered species
C．some endangered animals are reproduced in zoos
D．It's acceptable to keep animals away from their habitats
解析：选C　推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Captive breeding (圈养繁殖) of endangered big cats ...　to worry about a species dying out.”可知，动物园通过圈养也繁殖了濒危的大型猫科动物、亚洲象和其他物种。故选C。
学习目标 ——题后把脉规律，练后得法理解更透
推理判断技法(6)——掌握五种类型，巧解写作手法题
常用的写作手法：①列数据(list data/statistics)；②举例子(give examples)；③提问题(ask questions)；④作比较(make comparisons)；⑤分类别(classify facts)等。
判断写作手法时，需注意是否有明显的提示词，如一系列的数据， example等字眼，than或比较级词汇的使用等。如果没有明显的提示词，则需要我们从宏观上来浏览文章的行文结构，从而理清作者是用何种手法组织语篇的。以上文为例，作者首先在第一段通过反问句提问题引起读者思考：将动物饲养在非自然环境的笼子中且主要是为了娱乐，这一行为是公平和尊重吗？然后在第二、三、四段描述动物园错误的做法，最后得出结论：不应该支持动物园的行为。故第3题选A项。

Ⅰ.完形填空
Until a few years ago, I had what most people would call a good life.I had a __1__ job that paid the bills; I had a good family I was close to, and I had a place to live and money in the bank for trips and __2__， and there was nothing much wrong in my life. However, I was bored.
I wanted more.I wanted to live __3__ and loudly and make sharp memories instead of the __4__ones of everyday life. But I was afraid.I had never had any __5__ in myself.As a child, even buying something in a shop caused me a great deal of __6__， and even though I did get better as I got older, I never quite __7__ that childhood shyness.
And I tried everything to become confident. I also took tiny steps leading to my goals. But none of them really __8__.
So I __9__ that the small steps weren't enough.I signed up for an internship (实习期的工作) of teaching English in Vietnam, an __10__ huge step, one that __11__ me as much as it excited me.
During my stay in Vietnam, I'd learned to __12__ myself, my skills, my abilities and my decisions.I returned home __13__， even to myself, let alone to others.The __14__ that had controlled my life and the selfdoubt were __15__.
That one big chance changed everything for me，and in me.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者通过去异国他乡支教从而改变人生的励志故事。
1．A.stable　　　　　　 B．temporary
C．difficult D．demanding
解析：选A　根据上文中的“Until a few years ago, I had what most people would call a good life.”可推知，之前作者的生活过得不错，有收入稳定的工作，故选A。stable“稳定的”；temporary“暂时的”；demanding“要求高的”。
2．A.tips B．rewards
C．treats D．fines
解析：选C　根据空前的“money in the bank for trips”可推知，作者生活舒适，有出去旅游和款待他人的资金。treat在此作名词，意为“款待”。tip“小费，窍门”；reward“奖赏，回报”；fine“罚款”。
3．A.easily B．brightly
C．peacefully D．modestly
解析：选B　根据空后的“loudly”可推知，作者对之前的美好生活并不满足，想生活得更加充满活力(brightly)。
4．A.bitter B．clear
C．grey D．sweet
解析：选C　根据上文中的“I was bored”可推知，作者厌倦了之前单调乏味的(grey)生活，希望生活更加丰富多彩一些，与上文中的“make sharp memories”相呼应。
5．A.pride B．confidence
C．interest D．shame
解析：选B　根据下文中的“even buying something in a shop caused me a great deal of __6___”和“childhood shyness”可推知，作者一直以来对自己都缺乏信心(confidence)，与下文中的“And I tried everything to become confident.”相呼应。
6．A.stress B．excitement
C．confusion D．surprise
解析：选A　根据空后的“even though I did get better as I got older”可推知，在孩童时期，去商店买东西都会给作者带来很多心理负担(stress)。
7．A.added to B．talked about
C．got over D．suffered from
解析：选C　根据空前的“never”可推知，作者一直都没有克服(got over)自己孩童时期的害羞。
8．A.continued B．survived
C．failed D．helped
解析：选D　根据句中的“But”可推知，作者尽管尝试了很多方法让自己变得自信，但是都无济于事(helped)。
9．A.figured B．promised
C．predicted D．disagreed
解析：选A　根据空前的“So”可推知，作者认为(figured)小的措施是不够的。
10．A.equally B．impossibly
C．unnecessarily D．occasionally
解析：选B　去越南支教对于一向缺乏自信的作者来讲的确是跨出了不可思议的一大步，故选B。
11．A.ignored B．impressed
C．annoyed D．terrified
解析：选D　此处与上文作者孩童时期的害羞以及尝试多种方法增强自信相呼应，故这样的决定让作者害怕(terrified)，同时又使作者激动万分。
12．A.trust B．enjoy
C．excuse D．forgive
解析：选A　与上文中的“And I tried everything to become confident.”形成对比可推知，作者在越南支教期间学会了自信。
13．A.unconcerned B．unsatisfied
C．unchangeable D．unrecognizable
解析：选D　根据语境可推知，作者从越南回来之后，发生了巨大的变化，几乎让人认不出了。unconcerned“不关心的”；unsatisfied“不满意的”；unchangeable“不可改变的”；unrecognizable“认不出来的”。
14．A.fear B．respect
C．courage D．anger
解析：选A　由空后的“controlled my life”和“the selfdoubt”可推知，作者之前的生活被害怕(fear)控制，与上文中的“that childhood shyness”呼应。
15．A.picked up B．forgotten about
C．worn off D．put off
解析：选C　作者从越南回来之后，发生了巨大的变化，以前的害怕和自我怀疑逐渐消失(worn off)。
Ⅱ.语法填空
(2019·广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试)
Throughout history, people have thought of the ocean as a diverse and limitless source of food.Yet today there is clear evidence that the ocean has a limit.Most of the big fish in our ocean are now __1__ (go)．One major cause is overfishing.People are taking so many fish from the sea that many species cannot replace __2__ (they)．
For centuries, local fishermen caught only enough fish for their own and their community's needs.However, from the early 20th century, people around the world became interested __3__ consuming proteinrich foods.People began __4__ (catch) large quantities of fish for profit and selling them to worldwide markets.In a very short period of time, commercial fishing __5__ (great) reduced the number of large predatory fish, such as cod and tuna.
Today, there are still plenty of fish in the sea, __6__ they're mostly just the little ones.Small fish, __7__ include sardines and anchovies, have more than doubled in number — largely because there are not enough big fish __8__ (eat) them.
Such large fish __9__ (be) necessary, because they hunt and kill the sick and weak smaller fish.Without this weeding out, or survival of the fittest, ecosystems become less stable.As a result, fish are less able to survive __10__ (difficult) such as pollution, environmental change, or changes in the food supply.
语篇解读：本文主要介绍了海洋中大鱼数量减少的原因以及由此而造成的后果。
1．gone　考查形容词。分析句子结构可知，空处作表语，故填形容词gone，意为“不在了，不见了”。注意：此处非被动的含义。
2．themselves　考查代词。根据该从句的主语为many species可知，此处应用其反身代词，表示“自我替换”。
3．in　考查介词。become interested in意为“对……感兴趣”，为固定用法，故用介词in。
4．catching　考查非谓语动词。begin doing/to do sth.意为“开始做某事”，是固定用法，又由句中的“and selling”可知，此处与selling是并列关系，形式应相同，故填catching。
5．greatly　考查副词。修饰动词一般用副词，故用副词greatly修饰动词reduced，在句中作状语。
6．but　考查连词。根据语境可知，此处表示转折，故用连词but。
7．which　考查定语从句。分析句子结构并根据语境可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，修饰先行词Small fish，故用which。
8．to eat　考查非谓语动词。enough ...to do sth.意为“足够的……去做某事”，为固定用法，故用不定式。
9．are　考查主谓一致。根据本句中的they可知， Such large fish表示复数概念，故谓语动词用复数。
10．difficulties　考查名词。根据语境中所列举的各种困难可知，此处用名词的复数形式，故用difficulties。