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2021版浙江高考英语（人教版）一轮复习基础考点聚焦必修4学案5Unit5 Themeparks
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一、语基必备知识
(一)重点词汇——分类记忆
词汇——知其意
1．swing n． 秋千；摇摆
vt.& vi. 摇摆；摆动
2．fantasy n. 幻想；怪念头
3．souvenir n. 纪念品
4．carpenter n. 木匠
5．minority n. 少数；少数民族
6．tournament n.
7．jungle n. 丛林
8．creature n. 生物；动物
9．brand n. 商标；牌子
10．shuttle n.
11．sneaker n. 运动鞋
12．brochure n.
13．craftsman n. 匠人；能工巧匠
14．athletic adj. 运动的
15．diver n. 潜水员
Ⅱ.核心词汇——写其形
1．theme n. 题目；主题(曲)
2．cartoon n. 漫画；动画片
3．unique adj. 独一无二的；仅有的
4．preserve vt. 保存；保留
n. 保护区
5．outing n. 外出；短途旅行；远足
6．sunlight n. 阳光
7．tourism n. 旅游业
8．deed n. 行动；事迹
9．whichever pron. 无论哪一个；任何一个
10．wherever adv.& conj. 无论在什么地方；各处
Ⅲ.拓展词汇——通其变
1．vary vt.& vi.使多样化；变化→various adj.不同的；各种各样的→variety n．变化；多样性
2．long adj.长的→length n．长度；长→lengthen v．加长
3．settle vt.& vi.安家；定居；解决→settler n．移民；殖民者
4．translate v．翻译→translator n．译员；翻译→translation n．翻译；译文
5．advance vt.& vi.前进；促进；提前 n．前进；进步→advanced adj.高级的；先进的
6．admit v．承认；许可进入→admission n．允许进入；入场费；承认
7．amuse vt.使发笑；使快乐→amusement n．消遣；娱乐(活动)
8．attract vt.吸引→attraction n．有吸引力的事物；吸引→attractive adj.吸引人的
9．centre n．中心→central adj.中心的；中央的
1.动物类高频名词一览
①creature 生物；动物
②kangaroo 袋鼠
③squirrel 松鼠
④panda 熊猫
⑤shark 鲨鱼
⑥dolphin 海豚
⑦mouse 老鼠
2.后缀sion高频名词集锦
①admission 承认；允许进入
②impression 印象
③possession 拥有
④conclusion 结论
⑤confusion 困惑；混淆
⑥permission 允许；许可
⑦decision 决定
3.后缀th高频名词荟萃
①length 长度
②strength 力量
③warmth 温暖
④width 宽度
⑤depth 深度
⑥wealth 财富
⑦health 健康
(二)重点短语——记牢用活
1．be__famous__for 以……而闻名
2．be__familiar__with 对……熟悉
3．come__true 实现
4．no__wonder 难怪；不足为奇
5．have__fun 玩得高兴
6．be__modeled__after 根据……模仿；仿造
7．face__to__face 面对面
8．get__close__to 接近
9．come__to__life 活跃起来；苏醒
10．in__advance 提前
11．as__well__as 除……之外，还……；和
12．take__part__in 参加
1.“no＋名词”短语聚焦
①no wonder 难怪
②no doubt 无疑
③no way 没门；不行
④no hurry 不急
⑤no problem 没问题
2.无被动语态的动词短语小结
①come true 变成现实
②belong to 属于
③consist of 由……组成
④date from/date back (to) 追溯到
⑤take place 发生
⑥break out 爆发
(三)重点句式——背熟巧用
句型公式
教材原句
句型1：some... others...有些……有些……
Some__parks are famous for having the biggest or longest roller coasters, others for showing the famous sights and sounds of a culture. 有些主题公园以有最大或最长的过山车而闻名，有些则因展示了文化中的著名景点和声音而闻名。
句型2：“疑问词ever”引导让步状语从句
Whichever__and__whatever__you__like,__there is a theme park for you！
无论你喜欢哪一个，不管你喜欢什么，都会有一个适合你的主题公园！
句型3：whether...or...意为“无论……还是……”，引导让步状语从句
It will bring you into a magical world and make your dreams come true, whether__you__are__travelling through space, visiting a pirate ship or meeting your favourite fairy tale or Disney cartoon character. 无论你是在太空遨游、参观海盗船，还是邂逅你最喜欢的童话故事或者迪斯尼卡通里的人物，它(迪斯尼)会把你带到魔幻的世界，使你的梦想变为现实。
句型4：not only...but also...不但……而且……
Futuroscope is not__only__for__individuals,__but__is__also the perfect mix of fun and learning for class outings. “观测未来”主题公园不仅仅适合个人，也适合学生全班出游，因为它是娱乐与学习的完美结合。
二、语境强化训练
Ⅰ.语境填词——根据提示写出该词的适当形式
1．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)“Of course, we notice it when the sun is shining，” says Karin Ro，who works for the town’s tourism(旅游) office.
2．Unlike traditional parks, theme(主题) parks often want to teach visitors something.
3．(2019·江苏卷书面表达)What’s more, the traditional Chinese dress can’t reflect the unique(独特的) culture of our school.
4．The man is fond of going outdoors for an outing(远足) when he is on holiday.
5．Whichever(无论哪一个) of them you choose, we can be sure that the quality will be the same.
6．One major suggestion at the meeting is that these traditional customs should be preserved(preserve)．
Ⅱ.语境品词——写出加黑词汇在语境中的意义
1．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ阅读A)I once wrote a paper on the influence of fairy tales on Roald Dahl’s writing and it gave me a new appreciation for his strange and delightful worlds.神话故事；童话
2．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ阅读C)The keyboard could offer a strong layer of security by analyzing things like the force of a user’s typing and the time between key presses. These patterns are unique to each person.独特的
3．(2017·江苏卷)Many Chinese brands, having developed their reputations over centuries, are facing new challenges from the modern market.牌子；商标
Ⅲ.派生词练习——用所给词的适当形式填空
1．With the help of the advanced technology，we can complete the task in advance．(advance)
2．There are various goods in the supermarket, and the prices vary from cents to dollars. The variety attracts many customers.(various)
3．The audience was amused by the performance in the amusement park.(amuse)
4．Some tourist attractions in Beijing attract many foreigners to pay a visit because they are attractive．(attract)
5．Tom applied for admission to the graduate program at Northwestern University but wasn’t admitted into it at last.(admit)
Ⅳ.选词成篇
come to life; be famous for; no wonder; get close to; in advance; be modelled after
Shi Jiazhuang Economic College 1.is__famous__for its Dinosaur Hall where the largest and most complete dinosaur fossil in Asia is housed. The fossil is so well preserved that some vivid dinosaur models are displayed in the hall. 2.No__wonder it has become a science and technology centre in this central part of Shi Jiazhuang. If you want to come here on weekends, you’d better book the tickets 3.in__advance. The models are of various kinds and the surroundings 4.are__modelled__after their ancient habitats created in the film Jurassic Park. Some of them seem to 5.come__to__life as they move and make sounds. It is now a place not only for students to study dinosaurs but also for common people to relax. Whoever comes here will be surprised to 6.get__close__to the ancient giant.
Ⅴ.完成句子
1．有一些人在唱歌跳舞，还有一些人在画画。
There are a large number of people in the park.Some__are__singing__and__dancing;__others are drawing.
2．你无论借哪一本书，都必须在一周内归还。
Whichever__book__you__borrow,__you must return it in a week.
3．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)展览不仅展示了不同地区各种各样的剪纸，而且向我们展示了中国剪纸的历史和发展。
The exhibition not__only shows papercuts in different regions, but__also__presents the history and development of papercutting to us in China.
4．在我看来，只要你尽最大努力， 赢不赢没有关系。
As far as I’m concerned, it makes no difference whether__you__win__or__not as long as you try your best.
various adj.不同的；各种各样的
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①(2019·北京卷语法填空)No matter what you like to do, there is a way to get involved in various(vary) activities on Earth Day.
②The research team is made up of pupils, whose ages vary from 10 to 15.
[能力提升]——词汇/句式升级
③(普通表达)Our school has built a new stadium. It has all kinds of wellequipped facilities.(2018·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)
(高级表达)Our school has built a new stadium, which__has__various/varieties__of/a__variety__of__wellequipped__facilities．(定语从句)
(1)for various reasons 由于种种原因
(2)variety n. 变化；多样性；种类
a variety of＝varieties of 种类繁多的
all kinds of 各种各样的
(3)vary vt.& vi. 改变；变化
vary from...to... 从……到……不等
[佳句背诵] One of the advantages is that we can find various topics, such as science, culture and history. 其中优势之一是我们能够找到各种主题，如科学、文化和历史等。
preserve vt.保护；维护；保存(使免受破坏)；保留 n．保护区
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①The society was set up to preserve endangered species from extinction.
②Some suggestions are made at the meeting that these traditional customs(should)__be__preserved(preserve) and handed down one generation after another.
[能力提升]——句式升级
③(普通表达)Because they are wellpreserved in the nature preserve, pandas live a happy life.
(高级表达)Wellpreserved__in__the__nature__preserve,__pandas live a happy life.(分词作状语)
(1)preserve...from... 保护……免受……
(2)nature preserve 自然保护区
(3)wellpreserved adj. 保存良好的
[佳句背诵] It is well known that Shennongjia is one of the beautiful nature preserves, attracting thousands of visitors every day. 众所周知，神农架是一个美丽的自然保护区，每天吸引成千上万的游客。
[名师点津] “一字”之差：
(1)preserve vt.保护；维护 (2)reserve v．保留；预订
advance vt.& vi.促进；前进；提前 n．前进；高升；预先；进步 adj.预先的；事先的
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①This research has done much to__advance(advance) our understanding of language learning.
②Having shown you around our school, we will introduce our most advanced(advance) science lab to you.
③It is known to us that we have made advances (advance) in the space technology in the past ten years.
[能力提升]——微写作
④(2019·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)如果你提前告知我你是否有空我将感激不尽。盼望着早日收到你的来信。
I’d appreciate it if you let me know whether you are available or not in__advance/ahead__of__time. I’m looking forward to hearing from you as soon as possible.
(1)be advanced to... 被提拔为……
(2)in advance(＝ahead of time)
预先；提前(指事先)
make advances in 在……方面取得进步
(3)advanced adj. 高级的；先进的
[佳句背诵] If you are to treat your friends to dinner in a good restaurant at the weekend, you’d better book a table in advance. 如果周末你打算邀请朋友去一个好的饭店吃饭，你最好提前订桌。
[名师点津] (1)advance vt.不与forward连用；
(2)enter(进入)不与into连用；
(3)return(回来)不与back连用
no wonder 难怪；不足为奇
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①He hasn’t slept at all for three days. No wonder that he is tired out.
②There is no need to__worry(worry); everything will be all right.
③Now that we have finished our work, there is no point staying(stay) any longer; we may as well go home.
[能力提升]——微写作
④(2018·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)我想知道这周末你是否想观看一部英文短片Growing Together。
I__wonder__if__you’d__like__to__watch__a__short__English__film—Growing Together this weekend.
(1)No wonder (that) ...＝It’s no wonder (that) ... 难怪……
(2)I wonder if... 我想知道是否……
(3)There is no doubt that... 毫无疑问……
There is no point (in) doing sth.
做某事没有意义。
There is no need to do sth. 没有必要做某事。
[佳句背诵] No wonder children all like going to Disneyland，where they can meet their favourite Disney cartoon characters.
难怪孩子们都喜欢去迪士尼乐园，在那里，他们可以见到他们最喜欢的迪士尼卡通人物。
come to life 活跃起来；苏醒过来
[基础练习]——猜测加黑词的含义
①When the children heard that their teacher came to life, the whole class came to life at once.苏醒过来__活跃起来
[能力提升]——完成句子
②With spring approaching, the flowers in the garden begin__to__come__to__life(开始苏醒过来)．
③When__it__comes__to__education(当谈到教育), the majority of people believe that education is of vital importance.
(1)come to (oneself) 苏醒过来
come back to life 苏醒过来；复活
when it comes to... 当谈及……
(2)bring sth.(back) to life 使……恢复生机
[佳句背诵] When our team had won the first prize in the tournament, everyone of us came to life.
当我们队在比赛中得了一等奖时，我们每一个人都活跃了起来。
“疑问词ever”引导让步状语从句
(教材P34)Whichever and whatever you like, there is a theme park for you!
无论你喜欢哪一个，不管你喜欢什么，都会有一个适合你的主题公园！
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①(2017·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)By the way, whatever difficulty you meet with, I’m always here waiting for you to turn to.
②(2019·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)Whoever is interested in watching the coming volleyball game against Yucai Middle School should book the ticket in advance.
[能力提升]——一句多译
不管你走哪条路，它都会带你到车站。
③Whichever__road__you__take,__it will lead you to the station.
④No__matter__which__road__you__take,__it will lead you to the station.
(1)引导让步状语从句。
(2)whatever, whichever, who(m)ever既可引导让步状语从句，又可引导名词性从句。
(3)no matter what, no matter which, no matter who(m) 只引导让步状语从句。
[佳句背诵] It is generally considered unwise to give a child whatever he or she wants.
孩子要什么就给什么一般认为是不明智的。
not only... but also... 不但……而且……
(教材P38)Futuroscope is not only for individuals, but is also the perfect mix of fun and learning for class outings.
“观测未来”主题公园不仅仅适合个人，也适合学生全班出游，因为它是娱乐与学习的完美结合。
[基础练习]——完成句子/单句语法填空
①They are not__only__experienced__and__knowledgeable__but__also__patient(不仅经验丰富、知识渊博，而且有耐心) and understanding.
②Not__only__did__we__learn__more__about__English__culture__and__its__customs(我们不仅了解了更多的英国文化和习俗), but we also learned about the British lifestyle.
③Not only you but also he donates(donate) money to these homeless people.
[能力提升]——句式升级
④(普通表达)As we all know, reading classics can not only improve our studying career but also enrich our everyday life.
(高级表达)As we all know, not__only__can__reading__classics__improve__our__studying__career but it can also enrich our everyday life.(倒装)
not only...but also...意为“不但……而且……”，连接并列成分。
(1)用于连接两个表示并列关系的成分，着重强调后者，其意为“不但……而且……”；其中的also有时可以省略。
(2)若连接两个句子，且not only位于句首时，not only后面的句子要用部分倒装。
(3)若连接的两个成分作主语，其谓语通常与靠近的主语保持一致。
[佳句背诵] Yao Qizhi, a professor of Tsinghua University, is famous not only in the field of computer but also in the field of AI.
姚期智，一名清华大学教授，不仅在计算机领域而且在人工智能领域都很有名。
Ⅰ.词形转换和动词的形式变换(用所给词的正确形式填空)
1．(2020·东北三省四市联考)The Silk Road has a length(long) of more than 4，000 kilometers and a history of 2，000 years.
2．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)Chinese models are the faces of beauty and fashion campaigns that sell dreams to women all over the world, which means Chinese women are not just consumers of fashion—they are central(centre) to its movement.
3．Now this former royal palace is open to the public as a major tourist attraction(attract)．
4．The young man, who had gained admission(admit) to a university, decided to do some parttime jobs to gain more practical experience.
5．In addition, a great many Tang poems have been__translated(translate) into foreign languages and they are popular with foreign readers.
6．A piece of constructive advice is put forward at the meeting that these traditional customs should be__preserved(preserve)．
Ⅱ.固定用法和搭配(在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式)
1．No wonder he was late for school, he was caught in a heavy traffic jam.
2．Some people have naturally beautiful voices, while others have rich facial expressions.
3．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)I advise you to go to the library to borrow a history book and learn the history of the Tang Dynasty in advance, which can help you better understand the poems to be learned.
4．(2020·太原五校联考)As many as five courses are provided, and you are free to choose whichever suits you best.
5．This kind of friendly and harmonious atmosphere is unique to our company, and you can’t experience it in any other place.
Ⅲ.熟词生义(根据具体语境写出加黑词的词性及含义)
1．(浙江卷)Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears, none of which has been proved.vt.提出
2．They visit the farm area, and learn how people in ancient England ran their farms and took care of their animals.vt.经营；管理
3．However, I quite appreciate your effort to introduce Chinese culture, which will surely bridge the gap between our countries.vt.把……连接起来
提能一 语段填空(在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式)
(一)
Due to the local government’s great effort, 1.tourism(tour) is booming in the 2.central(centre) part of this country. Many scenic spots are receiving an increasing number of visitors by lengthening the opening time and lowering the 3.admission(admit) charges. Many foreigners are coming here for 4.amusement(amuse), so introductions with the English 5.translation(translate) to the scenic spots are seen everywhere.
(二)
Wang Xizhi Park has many excellent exhibitions, most of 1.which are related to traditional Chinese culture. It is 2.more than a place for relaxation and amusement. You can also have fun 3.learning(learn) Chinese calligraphy and painting. Besides, whenever you are hungry, you can taste 4.whatever(what) food you like. Not only 5.does the food taste delicious, but it is cheap. 6.No wonder it has earned itself a nationwide reputation.
提能二 话题写作(用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文)
某英文报的“Tourist Attraction”栏目正面向中学生征文。请根据提示信息写一篇英文短文介绍香港海洋公园。
①位于香港南部，依山而建，面积超过91.5万平方米；②1977年开放，是最受香港人喜爱的公园之一；③游客可以了解海洋生物，体验游乐设施并观看各种动物表演。
1．补全要点句(黑体部分请用本单元所学词汇)
①香港海洋公园，位于香港南部，是一个世界闻名的海洋主题公园和休闲天堂。
Hong Kong Ocean Park, situated in the south of Hong Kong, is a__worldfamous__marine__life__theme__park and a famous leisure paradise.
②它依山而建，占地面积超过91.5万平方米，是世界上最大的海洋馆之一。
Built on a mountain and covering an area of 915，000 square meters, the park is__one__of__the__largest__marine__parks__in__the__world．
③海洋公园于1977年开放，是香港人最喜爱的主题公园之一。
It was opened in 1977, and it’s one__of__the__Hong__Kong__people’s__favourite__theme__parks．
④公园以独特的海洋动物展览而闻名，还有各种娱乐和动物表演。
The__park__is__famous__for__unique__marineanimal__exhibits,__various entertainments and animal shows.
⑤他们提供游客寓教于乐的体验，难怪它每年吸引成千上万的游客。
They offer__tourists__experiences__that__combine__entertainment__with__education,__and no__wonder__it__attracts__thousands__of__tourists__every__year．
⑥无论你何时来这里，香港海洋公园不仅会让你的一天充满惊奇、快乐和兴奋，而且会给你美好的回忆。
No__matter__when/Whenever__you__come__here,__Hong Kong Ocean Park not__only__will__fill__your__day__with__wonders,__pleasure__and__excitement,__but it will also reward you with sweet memories.
2．升级平淡句
⑦用分词作状语升级句③
Opened__in__1977,__it’s__one__of__the__Hong__Kong__people’s__favourite__theme__parks.
⑧用倒装句升级句⑥
No__matter__when/Whenever__you__come__here,__not__only__will__Hong__Kong__Ocean__Park__fill__your__day__with__wonders,__pleasure__and__excitement,__but__it__will__also__reward__you__with__sweet__memories.
3．衔接成美文(注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇：besides，most importantly)
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One possible version：
Hong Kong Ocean Park, situated in the south of Hong Kong, is a worldfamous marine life theme park and a famous leisure paradise.
Built on a mountain and covering an area of 915，000 square meters, the park is one of the largest marine parks in the world. Opened in 1977, it’s one of the Hong Kong people’s favourite theme parks. Besides, the park is famous for unique marineanimal exhibits, various entertainments and animal shows. Most importantly, they offer tourists experiences that combine entertainment with education, and no wonder it attracts thousands of tourists every year.
No matter when/Whenever you come here, not only will Hong Kong Ocean Park fill your day with wonders, pleasure and excitement, but it will also reward you with sweet memories.
(建议用时：35分钟)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2020·嘉兴模拟)For six hundred years，the Tower of London’s most exotic(异国风情的) prisoners were animals.
The Royal Menagerie(动物园) began as a result of kings exchanging rare and strange animals as gifts.In 1235，Henry Ⅲ was delighted to be presented with three wildcats by the Holy Roman Emperor FrederickⅡ.These inspired him to start a zoo at the Tower. Henry’s “wildcats”，although described as leopards，were probably lions.These are the ancestors of the three lions that still appear on the England football team’s shirts today.
In 1251 the lions were joined by a “white bear” probably a polar bear—given by the King of Norway.In 1255, the King of France sent the first elephant ever seen in England and “people flocked together to see the novel sight”．Sadly，the elephant died in 1258.
Poor treatment and cramped conditions meant many of the animals did not survive for long.But the Royal Menagerie continued to grow.Edward Ⅰ created a permanent new home for the Royal Menagerie at the western entrance to the Tower，which became known as the Lion Tower.The terrifying sounds and smells of wild animals must have both impressed and scared visitors.
By 1622，the collection had been extended to include three eagles，two pumas，a tiger and a jackal，as well as lions and leopards，who were the main attractions.
However，the end of the Royal Menagerie came in the 1830s.Campaigners had begun to raise concerns，and the animals were expensive，occasionally dangerous and a nuisance to the guardsmen.The Duke of Wellington sent 150 of the beasts to a new zoo in Regent’s Park, today’s London Zoo.
Despite Alfred Cops’s best efforts to carry on，several further incidents including an escaped wolf and a monkey that bit a guardsman’s leg convinced King William Ⅳ to shut down the Royal Menagerie for good in 1835.The remaining animals were sold to zoos and travelling shows and the Lion Tower was later demolished.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了著名的伦敦塔中皇家动物园的历史。
1．What do we know about the elephant presented in 1255?
A．It caused big trouble.
B．It received much attention.
C．It lived painfully in the Lion Tower.
D．It died before the polar bear came in.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“In 1255，the King of France sent the first elephant ever seen in England and‘people flocked together to see the novel sight’．”可知，1255年，法国国王送给英国一头大象，英国人第一次见到大象，人们成群结队地去观看；据此可知，1255年被赠送的这头大象引起了很大的关注，故B项正确。
2．For what reason was the Royal Menagerie closed at last?
A．Security concerns.
B．The decline of tourism.
C．Pressure from campaigners.
D．The financial burden to raise the animals.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据尾段第一句“Despite Alfred Cops’s best efforts to carry on，several further incidents including an escaped wolf and a monkey that bit a guardsman’s leg convinced King William Ⅳ to shut down the Royal Menagerie for good in 1835.”可知，由于发生了危险事件，包括逃跑的狼和猴子咬人，故威廉四世终于决定永久关闭这家动物园，故A项正确。
3．Which is the best title for the text?
A．The Royal Menagerie
B．Gifts Presented to the King
C．Tourist Attractions in London
D．Miserable Life in the Lion Tower
A 解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章第一段为全文的主题句，结合全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了伦敦塔中的皇家动物园的历史，故A项最能概括文意。
【难句分析】 These are the ancestors of the three lions that still appear on the England football team’s shirts today.
分析：该句为主从复合句。句中“that still appear on the England football team’s shirts today”为that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词“the three lions”，引导词在从句中作主语。
译文：这些是现今仍出现在英格兰足球队的衬衫上的三只狮子的祖先。
B
When Huang Lizhi took her first class in African sociology at the University of the Witwatersrand in South Africa in February, her professor asked her and her classmates what impresses them most when it comes to Africa.
Unexpectedly, Huang, 31, found that words like “poverty” and “safari”—negative words that were often associated with the continent in media reports—were the kind of terms her African classmates didn’t want to hear. Instead, they preferred to hear the question answered in this way: “Africa is the cradle of humankind” and “Africans are passionate and generous”．
Apparently, there are some misunderstandings between us. It’s true that with incidents like the Ebola outbreak in West Africa and the emergence(出现) of pirates off the coast of Somalia hitting the news, it’s easy for us to keep forgetting that Africa has one of the world’s oldest civilizations—Egypt, born by the world’s longest river, the Nile. The proof is in the Great Pyramid of Giza and the Great Sphinx of Giza, which are both popular among tourists. And the tombs of ancient Egypt have also become endless sources for the literature and film industries.
When it comes to the natural environment of Africa, our misunderstandings are only bigger. But the truth is that instead of being extremely hot all year round and covered by desert, the continent has large areas of savannas(稀树草原) where lions, giraffes and zebras live, the snowcapped Kilimanjaro—the highest mountain in Africa—and even thick forest on the island of Madagascar. These misunderstandings are one of the reasons why the 2018 Beijing Summit of the Forum on ChinaAfrica Cooperation was held on Sept. 3 and 4—to understand each other better.
Indeed, only by visiting Africa herself did Huang see the convenient living conditions, the amazing natural beauty and the friendly people. In her eyes, her classmates were as hopeful about the future of their own countries as they were about Africa as a whole, and they were quick to demonstrate both their strong will and activity. “At that moment, I knew exactly what they wanted—they wanted their culture to be respected.”
【解题导语】 本文讲述了一堂非洲社会学课引起了一部分人对非洲的误解，而主人公经过实地考察后消除了之前对非洲地理文化的误解。
4．Which of the following best explains “cradle” underlined in paragraph 2?
A．A small bed for babies.
B．A basket to hold something.
C．A place for people to relax themselves.
D．A place where something important began.
D 解析：词义猜测题。根据下文提到的非洲拥有人类最古老的文明之一——埃及文明以及常识可知，此处表示非洲是人类的摇篮。cradle意为“摇篮”，且结合选项可知，此处cradle引申为“重要事物的发源地”。故选D项。
5．What can we infer about Africa according to the passage?
A．It is very hot all year round.
B．It’s not a safe continent to live on.
C．It’s different from what we imagine.
D．It is bound to have a bright future.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“When it comes to the natural environment of Africa, our misunderstandings are only bigger. But the truth is that...”可知，当提及非洲时，我们对它的误解很大。而第四段中也列举了非洲与我们想象中的不同之处。由此可知，我们对非洲有误解，真实的情况和我们想象中的有所不同。故选C项。
6．What can be a suitable title for the text?
A．Valuing a Culture
B．Understanding Africa
C．Paying a Visit to Africa
D．Discovering a Continent
B 解析：标题归纳题。综观全文可知，本文主人公之前对非洲有很多误解，但亲自游览非洲后，才对非洲有了正确且深入的了解，消除了之前对非洲的误解。故B项最能总结本篇文章的主题，适合作本文的标题，故选B项。
Ⅱ.七选五
(2020·衢州高三模拟)Schools consume a large amount of energy, which has a bad effect on the environment. 1.________， there are lots of ways that you can help your school save energy. Look for simple changes your school can make and band together with others to make an even bigger effect.
2．________. Even something as simple as turning off the lights when you leave a room can help to save energy. Turn off the lights in classrooms that are not being used and in other areas, such as empty bathrooms and unoccupied multipurpose rooms.
Use natural light when the sun is bright. It may not always be necessary for you to have the lights on in your classroom. There may be times of day when the sun is especially bright and enough for what you are doing in your classroom. 3.________．
Set up a recycling station at your school. Recycling is a great way to save energy because it reduces the need to produce new materials. 4.________， then ask your school principal if you can set one up.
Get others involved.5.________. Either as an individual or as a team, you can create and put up signs around your school. Try using signs that remind people of things they can do to save energy and also some signs that raise awareness of saving energy.
A．Post signs about conserving energy
B．Whether you are a teacher or a student
C．If your school does not have one
D．Turn off your computer when it’s not used
E．Shut down the lights when rooms are not in use
F．Other times of day you might only need half of the lights
G．If your school’s garbage company offers recycling services
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，从四个方面阐述学生在校园中如何节约能源、保护环境。
1．B 解析：考查上下文的衔接。根据句子的结构判断，本句是一个从句，七个选项中只有B、C和G三个选项符合要求。根据语境可知，此处表示“不管你是老师还是学生，总有许多可以帮助你们学校节约能源的方法”。故答案为B。
2．E 解析：考查段落主旨句。本段主要讲述在离开教室等地方的时候关灯以便节约能源。本段中的一些提示词，如“turning off the lights” “Turn off the lights”等也暗示了本题的答案。
3．F 解析：考查细节支撑句。本段主要讲述当教室内光线充足时使用自然光。空前句子中的“times of day”与F项中的“Other times of day”形成对应关系。
4．C 解析：考查上下文的衔接。本段谈论在学校内设置回收站回收可循环使用的材料。C选项中的one指代主题句中的a recycling station。
5．A 解析：考查承上启下句。根据下文的“put up signs” “using signs” “some signs”提示词可以判断答案为A。
Ⅲ.语法填空
Creative Teens Can Make a Difference
If you think young people can’t have an effect on the world, think again.Over the years, teens have invented 1.____________(remark) things that solve problems and have changed the ways people do things. And they’re going to continue to invent things in the future.
Take fourteenyearold Eliott Sarrey from France for example. He is the 2.____________(invent) of Bot2Karot，a gardening robot that can take care of a small vegetable garden. The robot 3.____________(control) by an app on a smartphone. It helps people grow and take care of vegetables. It also saves water and energy, and makes gardening easy for people 4.____________ are very busy or have difficulty getting around.
Brooke Martin is 5.____________ animal lover who missed her dog when she was away. She also knew that her dog suffered 6.____________ stress when its owner left. So Brooke invented iCPooch when she was just twelve years old. The iCPooch lets pet owners check on their pets from anywhere in the world 7.____________(use) a tablet or a smartphone.This awardwinning design also allows owners 8.____________(take) advantage of their smartphone camera to video chat with their pets. It has another function, too. Owners can 9.____________(easy) give their pet a treat by touching the DROP COOKIE button on their screen. Pets and owners must be pretty grateful to Brooke for this invention.
Kids all over the world find ways to solve problems every day. Maybe next time you have a problem，you’ll come up with the next 10.____________(amaze) idea.
【解题导语】 本文主要介绍了有创造力的青少年发明的东西对人们生活的影响。
1．remarkable 解析：考查形容词。根据空后的名词“things”并结合语境可知，此处应用形容词形式，所以填remarkable。
2．inventor 解析：考查名词。根据空前的“the”和空后的“of”可知，此处应用名词，所以填inventor。
3．is controlled 解析：考查动词的时态和语态。根据语境可知，此处陈述一个事实，应用一般现在时，而且The robot与control之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，所以填is controlled。
4．who/that 解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处引导定语从句，修饰前面的先行词people，且在定语从句中作主语，所以填who/that。
5．an 解析：考查冠词。根据空前的“is”和空后的“animal lover”以及语境可知，此处用不定冠词，且animal的发音以元音音素开头，所以填an。
6．from 解析：考查固定搭配。根据语境可知，此处表示“承受压力”，应用固定搭配suffer from，所以填from。
7．using 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，pet owners与use之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，应用现在分词短语作方式状语，所以填using。
8．to take 解析：考查固定用法。根据本句中的“allows”和语境可知，此处应为allow sb.to do sth.的用法，意为“允许某人做某事”，所以填to take。
9．easily 解析：考查副词。根据空后的“give”可知，此处需用副词修饰动词，所以填easily。
10．amazing 解析：考查形容词。根据空前的“the next”和空后的“idea”及语境可知，此处应用形容词修饰名词idea，所以填amazing。
写作规范练(四)
(建议用时：45分钟)
Ⅰ.应用文写作
(2020·丽水高三质检)假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Lisa打算参加她所在的中文俱乐部举办的中文诗歌朗诵比赛，向你寻求参赛建议，请你用英语给她写一封邮件。
注意：1.词数80左右(开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数)；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Lisa，
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
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Yours，
Li Hua
One possible version：
Dear__Lisa，
I’m delighted to know you are going to take part in a Chinese poetry reciting contest. The fact that you are so interested in Chinese culture makes me happy. Now I’d like to offer you some practical advice.
You should have a thorough understanding of what you are going to read. Only by doing this can you appreciate its beauty. Moreover, correct your pronunciation by listening to Chinese radio programs because all the announcers speak standard Chinese. What’s more, it is a good idea to make some Chinese friends and communicate with them as often as possible, which can improve your spoken Chinese.
Wish you good luck and success.
Yours，
Li__Hua
Ⅱ.概要写作
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
A typical lion tamer(驯兽师) in people’s mind is an entertainer holding a whip(鞭子) and a chair. The whip get all of the attention, but it’s mostly for show. In reality, it’s the chair that does the important work. When a lion tamer holds a chair in front of the lion’s face, the lion tries to focus on all four legs of the chair at the same time. With its focus divided, the lion becomes confused and is unsure about what to do next. When faced with so many options, the lion chooses to freeze and wait instead of attacking the man holding the chair.
How often do you find yourself in the same position as the lion? How often do you have something you want to achieve (e.g. lose weight, start a business, travel more )—only to end up confused by all of the options in front of you and never make progress?
This upsets me to no end because while all the experts are busy debating about which option is best, the people who want to improve their lives are left confused by all of the conflicting information. The end result is that we feel like we can’t focus or that we’re focused on the wrong things, and so we take less action, make less progress, and stay the same when we could be improving.
It doesn’t have to be that way. Anytime you find the world waving a chair in your face, remember this: All you need to do is focus on one thing. You just need to get started. Starting before you feel ready is one of the habits of successful people. If you have somewhere you want to go, something you want to accomplish, someone you want to become...take immediate action. If you’re clear about where you want to go, the rest of the world will either help you get there or get out of the way.
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One possible version：
What really matters in a lion taming is the chair, which confuses the lion by the four legs. (要点1) So do people in the face of too many options.(要点2) We are always prevented from making progress because we can’t make sound choices before the conflicting information. (要点3) So if you want to be successful, focus on one thing and get started quickly.(要点4)
一、语基必备知识
(一)重点词汇——分类记忆
词汇——知其意
1．swing n． 秋千；摇摆
vt.& vi. 摇摆；摆动
2．fantasy n. 幻想；怪念头
3．souvenir n. 纪念品
4．carpenter n. 木匠
5．minority n. 少数；少数民族
6．tournament n.
7．jungle n. 丛林
8．creature n. 生物；动物
9．brand n. 商标；牌子
10．shuttle n.
11．sneaker n. 运动鞋
12．brochure n.
13．craftsman n. 匠人；能工巧匠
14．athletic adj. 运动的
15．diver n. 潜水员
Ⅱ.核心词汇——写其形
1．theme n. 题目；主题(曲)
2．cartoon n. 漫画；动画片
3．unique adj. 独一无二的；仅有的
4．preserve vt. 保存；保留
n. 保护区
5．outing n. 外出；短途旅行；远足
6．sunlight n. 阳光
7．tourism n. 旅游业
8．deed n. 行动；事迹
9．whichever pron. 无论哪一个；任何一个
10．wherever adv.& conj. 无论在什么地方；各处
Ⅲ.拓展词汇——通其变
1．vary vt.& vi.使多样化；变化→various adj.不同的；各种各样的→variety n．变化；多样性
2．long adj.长的→length n．长度；长→lengthen v．加长
3．settle vt.& vi.安家；定居；解决→settler n．移民；殖民者
4．translate v．翻译→translator n．译员；翻译→translation n．翻译；译文
5．advance vt.& vi.前进；促进；提前 n．前进；进步→advanced adj.高级的；先进的
6．admit v．承认；许可进入→admission n．允许进入；入场费；承认
7．amuse vt.使发笑；使快乐→amusement n．消遣；娱乐(活动)
8．attract vt.吸引→attraction n．有吸引力的事物；吸引→attractive adj.吸引人的
9．centre n．中心→central adj.中心的；中央的
1.动物类高频名词一览
①creature 生物；动物
②kangaroo 袋鼠
③squirrel 松鼠
④panda 熊猫
⑤shark 鲨鱼
⑥dolphin 海豚
⑦mouse 老鼠
2.后缀sion高频名词集锦
①admission 承认；允许进入
②impression 印象
③possession 拥有
④conclusion 结论
⑤confusion 困惑；混淆
⑥permission 允许；许可
⑦decision 决定
3.后缀th高频名词荟萃
①length 长度
②strength 力量
③warmth 温暖
④width 宽度
⑤depth 深度
⑥wealth 财富
⑦health 健康
(二)重点短语——记牢用活
1．be__famous__for 以……而闻名
2．be__familiar__with 对……熟悉
3．come__true 实现
4．no__wonder 难怪；不足为奇
5．have__fun 玩得高兴
6．be__modeled__after 根据……模仿；仿造
7．face__to__face 面对面
8．get__close__to 接近
9．come__to__life 活跃起来；苏醒
10．in__advance 提前
11．as__well__as 除……之外，还……；和
12．take__part__in 参加
1.“no＋名词”短语聚焦
①no wonder 难怪
②no doubt 无疑
③no way 没门；不行
④no hurry 不急
⑤no problem 没问题
2.无被动语态的动词短语小结
①come true 变成现实
②belong to 属于
③consist of 由……组成
④date from/date back (to) 追溯到
⑤take place 发生
⑥break out 爆发
(三)重点句式——背熟巧用
句型公式
教材原句
句型1：some... others...有些……有些……
Some__parks are famous for having the biggest or longest roller coasters, others for showing the famous sights and sounds of a culture. 有些主题公园以有最大或最长的过山车而闻名，有些则因展示了文化中的著名景点和声音而闻名。
句型2：“疑问词ever”引导让步状语从句
Whichever__and__whatever__you__like,__there is a theme park for you！
无论你喜欢哪一个，不管你喜欢什么，都会有一个适合你的主题公园！
句型3：whether...or...意为“无论……还是……”，引导让步状语从句
It will bring you into a magical world and make your dreams come true, whether__you__are__travelling through space, visiting a pirate ship or meeting your favourite fairy tale or Disney cartoon character. 无论你是在太空遨游、参观海盗船，还是邂逅你最喜欢的童话故事或者迪斯尼卡通里的人物，它(迪斯尼)会把你带到魔幻的世界，使你的梦想变为现实。
句型4：not only...but also...不但……而且……
Futuroscope is not__only__for__individuals,__but__is__also the perfect mix of fun and learning for class outings. “观测未来”主题公园不仅仅适合个人，也适合学生全班出游，因为它是娱乐与学习的完美结合。
二、语境强化训练
Ⅰ.语境填词——根据提示写出该词的适当形式
1．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)“Of course, we notice it when the sun is shining，” says Karin Ro，who works for the town’s tourism(旅游) office.
2．Unlike traditional parks, theme(主题) parks often want to teach visitors something.
3．(2019·江苏卷书面表达)What’s more, the traditional Chinese dress can’t reflect the unique(独特的) culture of our school.
4．The man is fond of going outdoors for an outing(远足) when he is on holiday.
5．Whichever(无论哪一个) of them you choose, we can be sure that the quality will be the same.
6．One major suggestion at the meeting is that these traditional customs should be preserved(preserve)．
Ⅱ.语境品词——写出加黑词汇在语境中的意义
1．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ阅读A)I once wrote a paper on the influence of fairy tales on Roald Dahl’s writing and it gave me a new appreciation for his strange and delightful worlds.神话故事；童话
2．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ阅读C)The keyboard could offer a strong layer of security by analyzing things like the force of a user’s typing and the time between key presses. These patterns are unique to each person.独特的
3．(2017·江苏卷)Many Chinese brands, having developed their reputations over centuries, are facing new challenges from the modern market.牌子；商标
Ⅲ.派生词练习——用所给词的适当形式填空
1．With the help of the advanced technology，we can complete the task in advance．(advance)
2．There are various goods in the supermarket, and the prices vary from cents to dollars. The variety attracts many customers.(various)
3．The audience was amused by the performance in the amusement park.(amuse)
4．Some tourist attractions in Beijing attract many foreigners to pay a visit because they are attractive．(attract)
5．Tom applied for admission to the graduate program at Northwestern University but wasn’t admitted into it at last.(admit)
Ⅳ.选词成篇
come to life; be famous for; no wonder; get close to; in advance; be modelled after
Shi Jiazhuang Economic College 1.is__famous__for its Dinosaur Hall where the largest and most complete dinosaur fossil in Asia is housed. The fossil is so well preserved that some vivid dinosaur models are displayed in the hall. 2.No__wonder it has become a science and technology centre in this central part of Shi Jiazhuang. If you want to come here on weekends, you’d better book the tickets 3.in__advance. The models are of various kinds and the surroundings 4.are__modelled__after their ancient habitats created in the film Jurassic Park. Some of them seem to 5.come__to__life as they move and make sounds. It is now a place not only for students to study dinosaurs but also for common people to relax. Whoever comes here will be surprised to 6.get__close__to the ancient giant.
Ⅴ.完成句子
1．有一些人在唱歌跳舞，还有一些人在画画。
There are a large number of people in the park.Some__are__singing__and__dancing;__others are drawing.
2．你无论借哪一本书，都必须在一周内归还。
Whichever__book__you__borrow,__you must return it in a week.
3．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)展览不仅展示了不同地区各种各样的剪纸，而且向我们展示了中国剪纸的历史和发展。
The exhibition not__only shows papercuts in different regions, but__also__presents the history and development of papercutting to us in China.
4．在我看来，只要你尽最大努力， 赢不赢没有关系。
As far as I’m concerned, it makes no difference whether__you__win__or__not as long as you try your best.
various adj.不同的；各种各样的
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①(2019·北京卷语法填空)No matter what you like to do, there is a way to get involved in various(vary) activities on Earth Day.
②The research team is made up of pupils, whose ages vary from 10 to 15.
[能力提升]——词汇/句式升级
③(普通表达)Our school has built a new stadium. It has all kinds of wellequipped facilities.(2018·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)
(高级表达)Our school has built a new stadium, which__has__various/varieties__of/a__variety__of__wellequipped__facilities．(定语从句)
(1)for various reasons 由于种种原因
(2)variety n. 变化；多样性；种类
a variety of＝varieties of 种类繁多的
all kinds of 各种各样的
(3)vary vt.& vi. 改变；变化
vary from...to... 从……到……不等
[佳句背诵] One of the advantages is that we can find various topics, such as science, culture and history. 其中优势之一是我们能够找到各种主题，如科学、文化和历史等。
preserve vt.保护；维护；保存(使免受破坏)；保留 n．保护区
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①The society was set up to preserve endangered species from extinction.
②Some suggestions are made at the meeting that these traditional customs(should)__be__preserved(preserve) and handed down one generation after another.
[能力提升]——句式升级
③(普通表达)Because they are wellpreserved in the nature preserve, pandas live a happy life.
(高级表达)Wellpreserved__in__the__nature__preserve,__pandas live a happy life.(分词作状语)
(1)preserve...from... 保护……免受……
(2)nature preserve 自然保护区
(3)wellpreserved adj. 保存良好的
[佳句背诵] It is well known that Shennongjia is one of the beautiful nature preserves, attracting thousands of visitors every day. 众所周知，神农架是一个美丽的自然保护区，每天吸引成千上万的游客。
[名师点津] “一字”之差：
(1)preserve vt.保护；维护 (2)reserve v．保留；预订
advance vt.& vi.促进；前进；提前 n．前进；高升；预先；进步 adj.预先的；事先的
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①This research has done much to__advance(advance) our understanding of language learning.
②Having shown you around our school, we will introduce our most advanced(advance) science lab to you.
③It is known to us that we have made advances (advance) in the space technology in the past ten years.
[能力提升]——微写作
④(2019·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)如果你提前告知我你是否有空我将感激不尽。盼望着早日收到你的来信。
I’d appreciate it if you let me know whether you are available or not in__advance/ahead__of__time. I’m looking forward to hearing from you as soon as possible.
(1)be advanced to... 被提拔为……
(2)in advance(＝ahead of time)
预先；提前(指事先)
make advances in 在……方面取得进步
(3)advanced adj. 高级的；先进的
[佳句背诵] If you are to treat your friends to dinner in a good restaurant at the weekend, you’d better book a table in advance. 如果周末你打算邀请朋友去一个好的饭店吃饭，你最好提前订桌。
[名师点津] (1)advance vt.不与forward连用；
(2)enter(进入)不与into连用；
(3)return(回来)不与back连用
no wonder 难怪；不足为奇
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①He hasn’t slept at all for three days. No wonder that he is tired out.
②There is no need to__worry(worry); everything will be all right.
③Now that we have finished our work, there is no point staying(stay) any longer; we may as well go home.
[能力提升]——微写作
④(2018·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)我想知道这周末你是否想观看一部英文短片Growing Together。
I__wonder__if__you’d__like__to__watch__a__short__English__film—Growing Together this weekend.
(1)No wonder (that) ...＝It’s no wonder (that) ... 难怪……
(2)I wonder if... 我想知道是否……
(3)There is no doubt that... 毫无疑问……
There is no point (in) doing sth.
做某事没有意义。
There is no need to do sth. 没有必要做某事。
[佳句背诵] No wonder children all like going to Disneyland，where they can meet their favourite Disney cartoon characters.
难怪孩子们都喜欢去迪士尼乐园，在那里，他们可以见到他们最喜欢的迪士尼卡通人物。
come to life 活跃起来；苏醒过来
[基础练习]——猜测加黑词的含义
①When the children heard that their teacher came to life, the whole class came to life at once.苏醒过来__活跃起来
[能力提升]——完成句子
②With spring approaching, the flowers in the garden begin__to__come__to__life(开始苏醒过来)．
③When__it__comes__to__education(当谈到教育), the majority of people believe that education is of vital importance.
(1)come to (oneself) 苏醒过来
come back to life 苏醒过来；复活
when it comes to... 当谈及……
(2)bring sth.(back) to life 使……恢复生机
[佳句背诵] When our team had won the first prize in the tournament, everyone of us came to life.
当我们队在比赛中得了一等奖时，我们每一个人都活跃了起来。
“疑问词ever”引导让步状语从句
(教材P34)Whichever and whatever you like, there is a theme park for you!
无论你喜欢哪一个，不管你喜欢什么，都会有一个适合你的主题公园！
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①(2017·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)By the way, whatever difficulty you meet with, I’m always here waiting for you to turn to.
②(2019·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)Whoever is interested in watching the coming volleyball game against Yucai Middle School should book the ticket in advance.
[能力提升]——一句多译
不管你走哪条路，它都会带你到车站。
③Whichever__road__you__take,__it will lead you to the station.
④No__matter__which__road__you__take,__it will lead you to the station.
(1)引导让步状语从句。
(2)whatever, whichever, who(m)ever既可引导让步状语从句，又可引导名词性从句。
(3)no matter what, no matter which, no matter who(m) 只引导让步状语从句。
[佳句背诵] It is generally considered unwise to give a child whatever he or she wants.
孩子要什么就给什么一般认为是不明智的。
not only... but also... 不但……而且……
(教材P38)Futuroscope is not only for individuals, but is also the perfect mix of fun and learning for class outings.
“观测未来”主题公园不仅仅适合个人，也适合学生全班出游，因为它是娱乐与学习的完美结合。
[基础练习]——完成句子/单句语法填空
①They are not__only__experienced__and__knowledgeable__but__also__patient(不仅经验丰富、知识渊博，而且有耐心) and understanding.
②Not__only__did__we__learn__more__about__English__culture__and__its__customs(我们不仅了解了更多的英国文化和习俗), but we also learned about the British lifestyle.
③Not only you but also he donates(donate) money to these homeless people.
[能力提升]——句式升级
④(普通表达)As we all know, reading classics can not only improve our studying career but also enrich our everyday life.
(高级表达)As we all know, not__only__can__reading__classics__improve__our__studying__career but it can also enrich our everyday life.(倒装)
not only...but also...意为“不但……而且……”，连接并列成分。
(1)用于连接两个表示并列关系的成分，着重强调后者，其意为“不但……而且……”；其中的also有时可以省略。
(2)若连接两个句子，且not only位于句首时，not only后面的句子要用部分倒装。
(3)若连接的两个成分作主语，其谓语通常与靠近的主语保持一致。
[佳句背诵] Yao Qizhi, a professor of Tsinghua University, is famous not only in the field of computer but also in the field of AI.
姚期智，一名清华大学教授，不仅在计算机领域而且在人工智能领域都很有名。
Ⅰ.词形转换和动词的形式变换(用所给词的正确形式填空)
1．(2020·东北三省四市联考)The Silk Road has a length(long) of more than 4，000 kilometers and a history of 2，000 years.
2．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)Chinese models are the faces of beauty and fashion campaigns that sell dreams to women all over the world, which means Chinese women are not just consumers of fashion—they are central(centre) to its movement.
3．Now this former royal palace is open to the public as a major tourist attraction(attract)．
4．The young man, who had gained admission(admit) to a university, decided to do some parttime jobs to gain more practical experience.
5．In addition, a great many Tang poems have been__translated(translate) into foreign languages and they are popular with foreign readers.
6．A piece of constructive advice is put forward at the meeting that these traditional customs should be__preserved(preserve)．
Ⅱ.固定用法和搭配(在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式)
1．No wonder he was late for school, he was caught in a heavy traffic jam.
2．Some people have naturally beautiful voices, while others have rich facial expressions.
3．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)I advise you to go to the library to borrow a history book and learn the history of the Tang Dynasty in advance, which can help you better understand the poems to be learned.
4．(2020·太原五校联考)As many as five courses are provided, and you are free to choose whichever suits you best.
5．This kind of friendly and harmonious atmosphere is unique to our company, and you can’t experience it in any other place.
Ⅲ.熟词生义(根据具体语境写出加黑词的词性及含义)
1．(浙江卷)Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears, none of which has been proved.vt.提出
2．They visit the farm area, and learn how people in ancient England ran their farms and took care of their animals.vt.经营；管理
3．However, I quite appreciate your effort to introduce Chinese culture, which will surely bridge the gap between our countries.vt.把……连接起来
提能一 语段填空(在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式)
(一)
Due to the local government’s great effort, 1.tourism(tour) is booming in the 2.central(centre) part of this country. Many scenic spots are receiving an increasing number of visitors by lengthening the opening time and lowering the 3.admission(admit) charges. Many foreigners are coming here for 4.amusement(amuse), so introductions with the English 5.translation(translate) to the scenic spots are seen everywhere.
(二)
Wang Xizhi Park has many excellent exhibitions, most of 1.which are related to traditional Chinese culture. It is 2.more than a place for relaxation and amusement. You can also have fun 3.learning(learn) Chinese calligraphy and painting. Besides, whenever you are hungry, you can taste 4.whatever(what) food you like. Not only 5.does the food taste delicious, but it is cheap. 6.No wonder it has earned itself a nationwide reputation.
提能二 话题写作(用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文)
某英文报的“Tourist Attraction”栏目正面向中学生征文。请根据提示信息写一篇英文短文介绍香港海洋公园。
①位于香港南部，依山而建，面积超过91.5万平方米；②1977年开放，是最受香港人喜爱的公园之一；③游客可以了解海洋生物，体验游乐设施并观看各种动物表演。
1．补全要点句(黑体部分请用本单元所学词汇)
①香港海洋公园，位于香港南部，是一个世界闻名的海洋主题公园和休闲天堂。
Hong Kong Ocean Park, situated in the south of Hong Kong, is a__worldfamous__marine__life__theme__park and a famous leisure paradise.
②它依山而建，占地面积超过91.5万平方米，是世界上最大的海洋馆之一。
Built on a mountain and covering an area of 915，000 square meters, the park is__one__of__the__largest__marine__parks__in__the__world．
③海洋公园于1977年开放，是香港人最喜爱的主题公园之一。
It was opened in 1977, and it’s one__of__the__Hong__Kong__people’s__favourite__theme__parks．
④公园以独特的海洋动物展览而闻名，还有各种娱乐和动物表演。
The__park__is__famous__for__unique__marineanimal__exhibits,__various entertainments and animal shows.
⑤他们提供游客寓教于乐的体验，难怪它每年吸引成千上万的游客。
They offer__tourists__experiences__that__combine__entertainment__with__education,__and no__wonder__it__attracts__thousands__of__tourists__every__year．
⑥无论你何时来这里，香港海洋公园不仅会让你的一天充满惊奇、快乐和兴奋，而且会给你美好的回忆。
No__matter__when/Whenever__you__come__here,__Hong Kong Ocean Park not__only__will__fill__your__day__with__wonders,__pleasure__and__excitement,__but it will also reward you with sweet memories.
2．升级平淡句
⑦用分词作状语升级句③
Opened__in__1977,__it’s__one__of__the__Hong__Kong__people’s__favourite__theme__parks.
⑧用倒装句升级句⑥
No__matter__when/Whenever__you__come__here,__not__only__will__Hong__Kong__Ocean__Park__fill__your__day__with__wonders,__pleasure__and__excitement,__but__it__will__also__reward__you__with__sweet__memories.
3．衔接成美文(注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇：besides，most importantly)
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One possible version：
Hong Kong Ocean Park, situated in the south of Hong Kong, is a worldfamous marine life theme park and a famous leisure paradise.
Built on a mountain and covering an area of 915，000 square meters, the park is one of the largest marine parks in the world. Opened in 1977, it’s one of the Hong Kong people’s favourite theme parks. Besides, the park is famous for unique marineanimal exhibits, various entertainments and animal shows. Most importantly, they offer tourists experiences that combine entertainment with education, and no wonder it attracts thousands of tourists every year.
No matter when/Whenever you come here, not only will Hong Kong Ocean Park fill your day with wonders, pleasure and excitement, but it will also reward you with sweet memories.
(建议用时：35分钟)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2020·嘉兴模拟)For six hundred years，the Tower of London’s most exotic(异国风情的) prisoners were animals.
The Royal Menagerie(动物园) began as a result of kings exchanging rare and strange animals as gifts.In 1235，Henry Ⅲ was delighted to be presented with three wildcats by the Holy Roman Emperor FrederickⅡ.These inspired him to start a zoo at the Tower. Henry’s “wildcats”，although described as leopards，were probably lions.These are the ancestors of the three lions that still appear on the England football team’s shirts today.
In 1251 the lions were joined by a “white bear” probably a polar bear—given by the King of Norway.In 1255, the King of France sent the first elephant ever seen in England and “people flocked together to see the novel sight”．Sadly，the elephant died in 1258.
Poor treatment and cramped conditions meant many of the animals did not survive for long.But the Royal Menagerie continued to grow.Edward Ⅰ created a permanent new home for the Royal Menagerie at the western entrance to the Tower，which became known as the Lion Tower.The terrifying sounds and smells of wild animals must have both impressed and scared visitors.
By 1622，the collection had been extended to include three eagles，two pumas，a tiger and a jackal，as well as lions and leopards，who were the main attractions.
However，the end of the Royal Menagerie came in the 1830s.Campaigners had begun to raise concerns，and the animals were expensive，occasionally dangerous and a nuisance to the guardsmen.The Duke of Wellington sent 150 of the beasts to a new zoo in Regent’s Park, today’s London Zoo.
Despite Alfred Cops’s best efforts to carry on，several further incidents including an escaped wolf and a monkey that bit a guardsman’s leg convinced King William Ⅳ to shut down the Royal Menagerie for good in 1835.The remaining animals were sold to zoos and travelling shows and the Lion Tower was later demolished.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了著名的伦敦塔中皇家动物园的历史。
1．What do we know about the elephant presented in 1255?
A．It caused big trouble.
B．It received much attention.
C．It lived painfully in the Lion Tower.
D．It died before the polar bear came in.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“In 1255，the King of France sent the first elephant ever seen in England and‘people flocked together to see the novel sight’．”可知，1255年，法国国王送给英国一头大象，英国人第一次见到大象，人们成群结队地去观看；据此可知，1255年被赠送的这头大象引起了很大的关注，故B项正确。
2．For what reason was the Royal Menagerie closed at last?
A．Security concerns.
B．The decline of tourism.
C．Pressure from campaigners.
D．The financial burden to raise the animals.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据尾段第一句“Despite Alfred Cops’s best efforts to carry on，several further incidents including an escaped wolf and a monkey that bit a guardsman’s leg convinced King William Ⅳ to shut down the Royal Menagerie for good in 1835.”可知，由于发生了危险事件，包括逃跑的狼和猴子咬人，故威廉四世终于决定永久关闭这家动物园，故A项正确。
3．Which is the best title for the text?
A．The Royal Menagerie
B．Gifts Presented to the King
C．Tourist Attractions in London
D．Miserable Life in the Lion Tower
A 解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章第一段为全文的主题句，结合全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了伦敦塔中的皇家动物园的历史，故A项最能概括文意。
【难句分析】 These are the ancestors of the three lions that still appear on the England football team’s shirts today.
分析：该句为主从复合句。句中“that still appear on the England football team’s shirts today”为that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词“the three lions”，引导词在从句中作主语。
译文：这些是现今仍出现在英格兰足球队的衬衫上的三只狮子的祖先。
B
When Huang Lizhi took her first class in African sociology at the University of the Witwatersrand in South Africa in February, her professor asked her and her classmates what impresses them most when it comes to Africa.
Unexpectedly, Huang, 31, found that words like “poverty” and “safari”—negative words that were often associated with the continent in media reports—were the kind of terms her African classmates didn’t want to hear. Instead, they preferred to hear the question answered in this way: “Africa is the cradle of humankind” and “Africans are passionate and generous”．
Apparently, there are some misunderstandings between us. It’s true that with incidents like the Ebola outbreak in West Africa and the emergence(出现) of pirates off the coast of Somalia hitting the news, it’s easy for us to keep forgetting that Africa has one of the world’s oldest civilizations—Egypt, born by the world’s longest river, the Nile. The proof is in the Great Pyramid of Giza and the Great Sphinx of Giza, which are both popular among tourists. And the tombs of ancient Egypt have also become endless sources for the literature and film industries.
When it comes to the natural environment of Africa, our misunderstandings are only bigger. But the truth is that instead of being extremely hot all year round and covered by desert, the continent has large areas of savannas(稀树草原) where lions, giraffes and zebras live, the snowcapped Kilimanjaro—the highest mountain in Africa—and even thick forest on the island of Madagascar. These misunderstandings are one of the reasons why the 2018 Beijing Summit of the Forum on ChinaAfrica Cooperation was held on Sept. 3 and 4—to understand each other better.
Indeed, only by visiting Africa herself did Huang see the convenient living conditions, the amazing natural beauty and the friendly people. In her eyes, her classmates were as hopeful about the future of their own countries as they were about Africa as a whole, and they were quick to demonstrate both their strong will and activity. “At that moment, I knew exactly what they wanted—they wanted their culture to be respected.”
【解题导语】 本文讲述了一堂非洲社会学课引起了一部分人对非洲的误解，而主人公经过实地考察后消除了之前对非洲地理文化的误解。
4．Which of the following best explains “cradle” underlined in paragraph 2?
A．A small bed for babies.
B．A basket to hold something.
C．A place for people to relax themselves.
D．A place where something important began.
D 解析：词义猜测题。根据下文提到的非洲拥有人类最古老的文明之一——埃及文明以及常识可知，此处表示非洲是人类的摇篮。cradle意为“摇篮”，且结合选项可知，此处cradle引申为“重要事物的发源地”。故选D项。
5．What can we infer about Africa according to the passage?
A．It is very hot all year round.
B．It’s not a safe continent to live on.
C．It’s different from what we imagine.
D．It is bound to have a bright future.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“When it comes to the natural environment of Africa, our misunderstandings are only bigger. But the truth is that...”可知，当提及非洲时，我们对它的误解很大。而第四段中也列举了非洲与我们想象中的不同之处。由此可知，我们对非洲有误解，真实的情况和我们想象中的有所不同。故选C项。
6．What can be a suitable title for the text?
A．Valuing a Culture
B．Understanding Africa
C．Paying a Visit to Africa
D．Discovering a Continent
B 解析：标题归纳题。综观全文可知，本文主人公之前对非洲有很多误解，但亲自游览非洲后，才对非洲有了正确且深入的了解，消除了之前对非洲的误解。故B项最能总结本篇文章的主题，适合作本文的标题，故选B项。
Ⅱ.七选五
(2020·衢州高三模拟)Schools consume a large amount of energy, which has a bad effect on the environment. 1.________， there are lots of ways that you can help your school save energy. Look for simple changes your school can make and band together with others to make an even bigger effect.
2．________. Even something as simple as turning off the lights when you leave a room can help to save energy. Turn off the lights in classrooms that are not being used and in other areas, such as empty bathrooms and unoccupied multipurpose rooms.
Use natural light when the sun is bright. It may not always be necessary for you to have the lights on in your classroom. There may be times of day when the sun is especially bright and enough for what you are doing in your classroom. 3.________．
Set up a recycling station at your school. Recycling is a great way to save energy because it reduces the need to produce new materials. 4.________， then ask your school principal if you can set one up.
Get others involved.5.________. Either as an individual or as a team, you can create and put up signs around your school. Try using signs that remind people of things they can do to save energy and also some signs that raise awareness of saving energy.
A．Post signs about conserving energy
B．Whether you are a teacher or a student
C．If your school does not have one
D．Turn off your computer when it’s not used
E．Shut down the lights when rooms are not in use
F．Other times of day you might only need half of the lights
G．If your school’s garbage company offers recycling services
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，从四个方面阐述学生在校园中如何节约能源、保护环境。
1．B 解析：考查上下文的衔接。根据句子的结构判断，本句是一个从句，七个选项中只有B、C和G三个选项符合要求。根据语境可知，此处表示“不管你是老师还是学生，总有许多可以帮助你们学校节约能源的方法”。故答案为B。
2．E 解析：考查段落主旨句。本段主要讲述在离开教室等地方的时候关灯以便节约能源。本段中的一些提示词，如“turning off the lights” “Turn off the lights”等也暗示了本题的答案。
3．F 解析：考查细节支撑句。本段主要讲述当教室内光线充足时使用自然光。空前句子中的“times of day”与F项中的“Other times of day”形成对应关系。
4．C 解析：考查上下文的衔接。本段谈论在学校内设置回收站回收可循环使用的材料。C选项中的one指代主题句中的a recycling station。
5．A 解析：考查承上启下句。根据下文的“put up signs” “using signs” “some signs”提示词可以判断答案为A。
Ⅲ.语法填空
Creative Teens Can Make a Difference
If you think young people can’t have an effect on the world, think again.Over the years, teens have invented 1.____________(remark) things that solve problems and have changed the ways people do things. And they’re going to continue to invent things in the future.
Take fourteenyearold Eliott Sarrey from France for example. He is the 2.____________(invent) of Bot2Karot，a gardening robot that can take care of a small vegetable garden. The robot 3.____________(control) by an app on a smartphone. It helps people grow and take care of vegetables. It also saves water and energy, and makes gardening easy for people 4.____________ are very busy or have difficulty getting around.
Brooke Martin is 5.____________ animal lover who missed her dog when she was away. She also knew that her dog suffered 6.____________ stress when its owner left. So Brooke invented iCPooch when she was just twelve years old. The iCPooch lets pet owners check on their pets from anywhere in the world 7.____________(use) a tablet or a smartphone.This awardwinning design also allows owners 8.____________(take) advantage of their smartphone camera to video chat with their pets. It has another function, too. Owners can 9.____________(easy) give their pet a treat by touching the DROP COOKIE button on their screen. Pets and owners must be pretty grateful to Brooke for this invention.
Kids all over the world find ways to solve problems every day. Maybe next time you have a problem，you’ll come up with the next 10.____________(amaze) idea.
【解题导语】 本文主要介绍了有创造力的青少年发明的东西对人们生活的影响。
1．remarkable 解析：考查形容词。根据空后的名词“things”并结合语境可知，此处应用形容词形式，所以填remarkable。
2．inventor 解析：考查名词。根据空前的“the”和空后的“of”可知，此处应用名词，所以填inventor。
3．is controlled 解析：考查动词的时态和语态。根据语境可知，此处陈述一个事实，应用一般现在时，而且The robot与control之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，所以填is controlled。
4．who/that 解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处引导定语从句，修饰前面的先行词people，且在定语从句中作主语，所以填who/that。
5．an 解析：考查冠词。根据空前的“is”和空后的“animal lover”以及语境可知，此处用不定冠词，且animal的发音以元音音素开头，所以填an。
6．from 解析：考查固定搭配。根据语境可知，此处表示“承受压力”，应用固定搭配suffer from，所以填from。
7．using 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，pet owners与use之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，应用现在分词短语作方式状语，所以填using。
8．to take 解析：考查固定用法。根据本句中的“allows”和语境可知，此处应为allow sb.to do sth.的用法，意为“允许某人做某事”，所以填to take。
9．easily 解析：考查副词。根据空后的“give”可知，此处需用副词修饰动词，所以填easily。
10．amazing 解析：考查形容词。根据空前的“the next”和空后的“idea”及语境可知，此处应用形容词修饰名词idea，所以填amazing。
写作规范练(四)
(建议用时：45分钟)
Ⅰ.应用文写作
(2020·丽水高三质检)假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Lisa打算参加她所在的中文俱乐部举办的中文诗歌朗诵比赛，向你寻求参赛建议，请你用英语给她写一封邮件。
注意：1.词数80左右(开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数)；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Lisa，
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
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Yours，
Li Hua
One possible version：
Dear__Lisa，
I’m delighted to know you are going to take part in a Chinese poetry reciting contest. The fact that you are so interested in Chinese culture makes me happy. Now I’d like to offer you some practical advice.
You should have a thorough understanding of what you are going to read. Only by doing this can you appreciate its beauty. Moreover, correct your pronunciation by listening to Chinese radio programs because all the announcers speak standard Chinese. What’s more, it is a good idea to make some Chinese friends and communicate with them as often as possible, which can improve your spoken Chinese.
Wish you good luck and success.
Yours，
Li__Hua
Ⅱ.概要写作
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
A typical lion tamer(驯兽师) in people’s mind is an entertainer holding a whip(鞭子) and a chair. The whip get all of the attention, but it’s mostly for show. In reality, it’s the chair that does the important work. When a lion tamer holds a chair in front of the lion’s face, the lion tries to focus on all four legs of the chair at the same time. With its focus divided, the lion becomes confused and is unsure about what to do next. When faced with so many options, the lion chooses to freeze and wait instead of attacking the man holding the chair.
How often do you find yourself in the same position as the lion? How often do you have something you want to achieve (e.g. lose weight, start a business, travel more )—only to end up confused by all of the options in front of you and never make progress?
This upsets me to no end because while all the experts are busy debating about which option is best, the people who want to improve their lives are left confused by all of the conflicting information. The end result is that we feel like we can’t focus or that we’re focused on the wrong things, and so we take less action, make less progress, and stay the same when we could be improving.
It doesn’t have to be that way. Anytime you find the world waving a chair in your face, remember this: All you need to do is focus on one thing. You just need to get started. Starting before you feel ready is one of the habits of successful people. If you have somewhere you want to go, something you want to accomplish, someone you want to become...take immediate action. If you’re clear about where you want to go, the rest of the world will either help you get there or get out of the way.
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One possible version：
What really matters in a lion taming is the chair, which confuses the lion by the four legs. (要点1) So do people in the face of too many options.(要点2) We are always prevented from making progress because we can’t make sound choices before the conflicting information. (要点3) So if you want to be successful, focus on one thing and get started quickly.(要点4)
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