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2021高三全国统考英语（话题版）一轮学案：第1编话题四Book2Unit2TheOlympicGames
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话题四 文学、艺术与体育
[对应教材] Book 2 Unit 2 The Olympic Games Book 2 Unit 5 Music
Book 3 Unit 1 Festivals around the world Book 3 Unit 3 The Million Pound Bank Note
Book 6 Unit 1 Art Book 6 Unit 2 Poems Book 8 Unit 4 Pygmalion
(一)核心素养下的话题解读
“文学、艺术与体育”是高中课程标准中“人与社会”主题语境内容要求之一，该内容包括“小说、戏剧、诗歌、传记、文学剧本、经典演讲、文学名著等；绘画、建筑等领域的代表性作品和人物；影视、音乐等领域的概况及其发展；体育活动、大型体育赛事、体育与健康、体育精神”等方面。这些话题贴近学生的实际生活。高考英语通过这些话题让学生了解古今中外的文学与艺术形式，提高生活品味；通过了解体育活动与赛事，培养体育精神，提高强身健体的意识。
[高考探究]
“文学、艺术与体育”这个话题常与阅读理解、完形填空、七选五、语法填空、书面表达等相结合进行考查，分值占有一定的比例。例如：
话题四
卷别
试题类型
文章大意
文学、
艺术与
体育
2019全国卷Ⅱ
阅读A篇
作家Jo Usmar推荐的四本好书
2019全国卷Ⅲ
阅读A篇
两部戏剧和音乐剧的内容、导演等信息简介
2018全国卷Ⅰ
阅读A篇
四种骑自行车游览华盛顿的活动
2017全国卷Ⅰ
阅读C篇
介绍了爵士乐并探讨了其未来的发展
2017全国卷Ⅱ
阅读A篇
有关莎士比亚戏剧的演出信息
续表
话题四
卷别
试题类型
文章大意
文
学
、
艺
术
与
体
育
2016全国卷Ⅱ
阅读A篇
介绍了四个地方与表演相关的活动
2016全国卷Ⅱ
阅读D篇
摄影师参加南极探险，临死前拍下令人震撼的图片
2016全国卷Ⅲ
阅读A篇
有关音乐演出的广告
2016全国卷Ⅲ
阅读B篇
著名作家尤多拉·韦尔蒂的写作素材的趣事
2015全国卷Ⅰ
阅读C篇
艺术家莎尔瓦多·达利的巴黎作品展
2018全国卷Ⅱ
七选五阅读
晨练的好处并呼吁大家早起锻炼
2018全国卷Ⅲ
七选五阅读
作者对跳舞的热爱及跳舞的好处
2015全国卷Ⅱ
七选五阅读
进行马拉松训练的具体做法
2018全国卷Ⅰ
语法填空
跑步的好处——帮助人们延年益寿
2018全国卷Ⅲ
书面表达
告知英国朋友你校学生体育运动的情况
2017全国卷Ⅱ
书面表达
邀请外教参观中国剪纸艺术展
2017全国卷Ⅲ
书面表达
邀请留学生朋友加入校乒乒球队
(二)构建思维导图，提升思维品质
图一 Book 2 Unit 2 The Olympic Games
图二 Book 2 Unit 5 Music
图三 Book 3 Unit 1 Festivals around the world
图四 Book 3 Unit 3 The Million Pound Bank Note
图五 Book 6 Unit 1 Art
图六 Book 6 Unit 2 Poems
图七 Book 8 Unit 4 Pygmalion
(三)根据思维导图，完成概要写作
图一：概要写作
①The Olympic Games got its name because it was in Olympia, Ancient Greece that the Games were held. ②They are the biggest sports meetings in the world, including the Winter and the Summer Olympics, both of which are held every four years. ③Nowadays, all countries can take part in them if their athletes, including women, reach the standard for the games. ④A special village is built for the competitors to live in, several stadiums for competitions, a gymnasium as well as a main reception building. ⑤As for the prize, the olive wreath has been replaced by medals, but it's still about being able to run faster, jump higher and throw further. ⑥To be honest, it's a great responsibility to host the Olympic Games. China succeeded in bidding for the right to host the 29th Olympics in Beijing, which is a great honor for the Chinese.
图二：概要写作
Have you ever dreamed of being famous as a musician? ①At first, many singers may form a band to practise their music. And then they may get the chance to give performances in pubs or clubs. ②Later they may gradually become popular. However, the Monkees started in a different way. It began as a TV show. Only one of them was good enough and the other three members pretended singing. To be honest, it couldn't be called a real band at the beginning. Anyhow, their shows were humorous and they became popular. ③After a year or so, they became more serious about their work and produced their own records and started touring. ④About 1970 the Monkees broke up, ⑤but they reunited in the mid1980s and ⑥in 1996 produced a new record to celebrate their former happy time as a real band.
图三：概要写作
①Festivals and celebrations of all kinds have been held everywhere since ancient times. ②The Japanese festival, Obon, is held to honour the dead or to satisfy the ancestors, who might return either to help or to do harm. Moreover, some festivals can also be held to honour famous people, such as the Dragon Boat Festival in China, the USA Columbus Day and so on. In contrast, harvest and Thanksgiving festivals can be very happy events, when people are grateful because their food is gathered for the winter and the agricultural work is over. The most energetic and important festivals are the ones that look forward to the end of winter and the coming of spring, such as the Spring Festival in China, and Japan's Cherry Blossom Festival.
③All in all, festivals let us enjoy life and be relaxed.
图四：概要写作
It was the summer of 1903. ①③Two old and wealthy brothers made a bet. ②④One believed that with a million pound bank note a man could survive a month in London, while the other doubted it. At this moment, they saw Henry, a penniless young man wandering on the pavement outside their house. ⑤At the sight of Henry, they called him into the house, where they gave him an envelope, asking him to open it after 2 pm. Feeling hungry, Henry walked into a restaurant, where he was treated coldly because of his poor appearance. After a long meal, it was time to open the envelope. To his surprise, there was a million pound bank note in it. Seeing the note, the owner and hostess opened their eyes wide. Immediately, they changed their attitude to Henry.
图五：概要写作
This text describes only the most important styles of Western art, starting from the sixth century AD.
①During the Middle Ages, the main aim of painters was to represent religious themes, which created a feeling of respect and love for God. ②During the Renaissance, people began to adopt a more humanistic attitude to life. One of the most important discoveries during this period was how to draw things in perspective. ③The Impressionists were the first painters to work outdoors. Their paintings were not as detailed as those of earlier painters. ④On the one hand, some modern art is abstract. On the other hand, some paintings of modern art are so realistic that they look like photographs.
⑤These styles are so different. Who can predict what painting styles there will be in the future?
图六：概要写作
①There are various reasons why people write poetry, either telling a story or conveying certain emotions.
②The first poetry for a young child is nursery rhymes. The language is concrete but imaginative. They delight small children because they rhyme, have strong rhythm and a lot of repetition. Another form of poem that students can easily write is the cinquain, a poem made up of five lines, conveying a strong picture in just a few words. Also, Haiku is a Japanese form of poetry that is made up of 17 syllables. It is easy to write and can create a special feeling using the minimum of words. English speakers also enjoy Tang poems from China. A lot of Tang poetry has been translated into English.
③With so many different forms of poetry to choose from, students may certainly give it a try!
图七：概要写作
①②It was in London, England in 1914 outside a theatre. It was pouring with rain. Professor Higgins was hiding from the rain listening to people's language and watching their reactions. While watching, he made notes. ③Nearby, a dirty flower girl, Eliza Doolittle, wearing poorly was also sheltering from the rain. She tried to sell flowers to Higgins, but failed. Then another man, Colonel Pickering, now spoke to Higgins, who was convinced that the quality of a person's English decided his/her position in society. ④Higgins made a bet with Pickering that he could transfer the uneducated, dirty flower girl, Eliza, who came from the lower class, into a lady of a higher social class and fool everyone into thinking she really was. Through efforts, ⑤Higgins succeeded in changing Eliza into a lady. This story proved the Pygmalion Effect.
1．Hardly had we arrived at the training center when we signed up to participate in the Walking Contest.
我们一到达训练中心就报名参加了健步走比赛。
2．Having realized the importance of doing sports, most of us begin to take a series of effective steps, thus bringing some positive changes.
意识到进行锻炼的重要性，我们当中的大多数人开始采取一系列有效措施，因此引起了一些积极的变化。
3．There is no doubt that taking exercise does good to our health.
毫无疑问进行锻炼对我们的身体有好处。
4．Sports are flourishing in China now. Of various kinds of sports, I like jogging in particular.
现在运动在中国很盛行。在各种运动中，我尤其喜欢慢跑。
自主排查 夯基固本
Ⅰ 核心单词
(1)compete (vi.) 比赛；竞争→competition (n.) 竞争→competitive (adj.) 竞争的；有竞争性的→competitor (n.) 竞争者
(2)admit (vt.& vi.) 容许；承认；接纳→admission (n.) 准入；准许→admitted (过去式/过去分词)
(3)host (vt.) 做东；主办；招待 (n.) 主人
(4)responsibility (n.) 责任；职责→responsible (adj.) 有责任心的
(5)replace (vt.) 取代；替换；代替→replacement (n.) 替换；更换
(6)charge (vt.& vi.) 收费；控诉 (n.) 费用；主管
(7)advertise (vt.& vi.) 做广告；登广告→advertiser (n.)广告商→advertisement (n.) 广告
(8)bargain (vi.) 讨价还价；讲条件 (n.) 便宜货
(9)deserve (vi.& vt.) 应受(报答或惩罚)；值得
Ⅱ 阅读单词
(1)ancient (adj.) 古代的；古老的
(2)magical (adj.) 巫术的；魔术的；有魔力的
(3)volunteer (n.) 志愿者；志愿兵 (adj.) 志愿的；义务的 (vt.& vi.) 自愿
(4)regular (adj.) 规则的；定期的；常规的
(5)athlete (n.) 运动员；运动选手
(6)motto (n.) 座右铭；格言；警句
(7)swift (adj.) 快的；迅速的
(8)physical (adj.) 物理的；身体的
(9)foolish (adj.) 愚蠢的；傻的
(10)pain (n.) 疼痛；痛苦
[单句语法填空]
1．When at college, we did voluntary work ________ (regular)．
答案：regularly
2．You'd better stop doing anything ________ (fool)．
答案：foolish
3．The study suggests that governments have a responsibility to encourage people to be more ________ (physical) active.
答案：physically
4．My sister bought this Tshirt at such a low price. She was really good at ________ (bargain)．
答案：bargaining
5．At the comingofage ceremony, all of the students promised to take their ________ (responsible) as adults.
答案：responsibility
6．Lee's ________ (admit) to a key university made his family wild with joy.
答案：being admitted
7．He is unfit for his job and must ________ (replace)．
答案：be replaced
8．The little girl tried her best to win the ________ (compete)．
答案：competition
9．He ________ (fine) for parking his car in the wrong place.
答案：was fined
10．She's in a ________ (hope) situation, which we will keep a very close eye on.
答案：hopeless
联想积累
1．与“运动员”相关的常见名词
①athlete 运动员 ②competitor 竞争者
③champion 冠军 ④coach 教练员
⑤captain 队长 ⑥referee 裁判员
⑦amateur 业余选手
⑧professional 职业选手
2．含有否定后缀less的形容词
①homeless 无家可归的
②breathless 上气不接下气的
③careless 粗心的
④childless 无子女的
⑤endless 没完没了的
⑥faithless 不忠实的
⑦fearless 无畏的
⑧aimless 无目的的
⑨countless 无数的；不计其数的
1．take_part_in 参加；参与
2．stand_for 代表；象征；表示
3．as_well 也；又；还
4．in_charge 主管；看管
5．on_purpose 故意地；蓄意地
6．make a bargain with sb. 与某人达成协议
7．pick up 拾起；接收；搭车；(偶然)学会
8．work out 计算出；理解；解决；锻炼；制定出……
9．one after another 一个接一个地
10．on a regular basis 定期地；经常地
[选词填空]
1.We are very happy to have the chance to ________ the competition on behalf of our school.
答案：take part in
2．It wasn't too long before we had ________ a plan acceptable to all.
答案：worked out
3．The Internet has brought a lot of benefits but has created some serious problems ________.
答案：as well
4．They made joint efforts and solved the problems ____________.
答案：one after another
5．I'll ________ you ________ at your home at 8 o'clock in the morning.
答案：pick; up
6．As we all know, our national flag ________ our country.
答案：stands for
联想积累
“动词＋for”短语小结
①stand for 代表；象征；表示
②wait for 等候
③long for 渴望
④ask for 要求得到
⑤hope/wish for 希望得到
⑥care for 照看；照料；喜欢
⑦beg for 恳求
⑧apply for 申请
⑨answer for 对……负责
⑩arrange for 安排
⑪call for 需求，需要
⑫leave for 动身去
课文原句
句式梳理
仿写训练
This is important because the more you speak English,
thebetteryourEnglish will become.
这很重要，因为你说英语越多，你的英语就会变得越好。
the＋比较级＋ ... ，the＋比较级＋ ...
“越……(就)越……”。前面部分相当于条件句，后面相当于主句。
As our teacher says, “_____________________________________in your studies.”
正如老师所说，你越努力，在学习上取得的进步越大。
答案：The harder you work, the greater progress you'll make
直击重点 突破考点
① compete vi. 比赛；竞争(P9)
单句语法填空
①Online voting becomes increasingly popular, and many ________ (compete) get people involved in it.
②England has to win tonight's qualifying match to go through to the next round of the ________ (compete)．
③Nobody can entirely keep away from this ________ (compete) world.
④You cannot compete ________ others in the job market if you don't have a special skill.
⑤Runners from many countries are competing ________ the international prize.
答案：①competitors ②competition ③competitive ④with/against ⑤for
(1)compete in 参加……比赛；在……方面竞争
compete for 为……而竞争
compete with/against ... for ... 为争取……而与……对抗/竞争
(2)competition n. 比赛
competitor n. 竞争者；对手
competitive adj. 有竞争力的
compete多用作不及物动词，必须跟适当的介词才能跟宾语。表示“与某人比赛”用with或against；表示比赛的目的用for；表示比赛参与的项目时用in。
② admit vt. 容许；承认；接纳(P10)
单句语法填空
①All of my classmates are working hard in order to be admitted ________ a key university.
②When the police questioned him, George admitted ________ (steal) the car.
③Up till now ________ (admit) to college is gained by exam only.
答案：①to/into ②stealing/having stolen ③admission
(1)admit (doing/having done) sth. 承认(做过)某事
admit＋n.＋to be ... 承认……是……
admit sb./sth. into/to 允许某人/某物进入/加入
be admitted to/into ... 被录取，被接纳，被允许进入……
be admitted as ... 作为……被接受
(2)admission n. 进入；入场费；承认
③ replace vt. 取代；替换；代替；把……放回原处(P10)
(1)单句语法填空
It is generally believed that teachers will never ________ (replace) with computers in class.
答案：be replaced
(2)单句写作
①She can't attend the meeting, so her assistant will _______________________.
她无法出席会议，所以她的助手将代替她出席。
②Now that these basics were ____________， I was ready to go all out to carry out the plan.
既然基本工作已经就绪，我准备全力以赴执行计划。
答案：①take the place of her/take her place ②in place
(1)replace sb./sth. 取代某人/某物
replace A with B 用B替换A
(2)in place of 代替
take one's place＝take the place of sb. 代替某人
take place 发生
in place 在正确的位置；准备妥当
out of place 不在适当的位置；不恰当
④ charge vt.& vi. 收费；控诉 n. 费用；主管(P12)
单句写作
①The activity of “Foreign Language Festival” will be ______________ president of the Student Union.
这次的“外语节”活动由学生会主席负责。
②The boss asked him to ________________ the office for a few days while she was away.
老板让他在她离开时掌管办公室几天。
③We can deliver goods to your door ____________.
我们可以免费送货上门。
答案：①in the charge of ②take charge of ③free of charge
(1)charge sb. for sth. 为某物向某人收取费用
charge sb. with (doing) sth. 控告某人(做)某事
(2)take charge of 掌管/负责……
in charge of 控制/管理/负责……
in the charge of 受……的管理/由……负责
free of charge (＝for free) 免费
⑤ bargain n. 便宜货 vi. 讨价还价；讲条件(P14)
单句写作
①Dealers __________________ growers ________ the price of coffee.
商人正在与种植者就咖啡的价格进行商洽。
②In my opinion, the Chinese knots were ______________ at that price.
在我看来，以那样的价格购买这些中国结真是合算。
答案：①are bargaining with; about/over ②a good bargain
bargain with sb. about/over ... (＝make a bargain with sb. about/over sth.)就某事和某人讨价还价
a good/bad bargain 买得合算/不合算
It's a real bargain. 这可真是个便宜货。
① take part in参加；参与(P9)
(1)单句改错
He will take a part in an important race across the Atlantic.
____________________________________________________________
答案：去掉take后的a
(2)单句写作
①It goes without saying that ________________________ can broaden our horizons.
不言而喻，积极参加社会活动能开阔我们的视野。
②As is known, China is ____________________________ the international affairs.
众所周知，中国在国际事务中正起着越来越重要的作用。
答案：①taking an active part in social activities ②playing a more and more important part in
take part in＝participate in 参加；参与
take an active part in 积极参加
play a part in 在……中起作用；在……中扮演角色
(1)take part in是固定短语，part前一般不用冠词，但是当part前有形容词修饰时，形容词前要用不定冠词。
(2)在使用take part in时，若其后无宾语，则不加介词in。
② stand for 代表；象征；表示；主张；支持；容忍(P9)
单句写作
①“FOMO” is an acronym that ____________ “fear of missing out”．
“FOMO”是fear of missing out的首字母缩略词，表示“害怕错过”。
②Zhou Dongyu, the socalled “Mou girl”， ________________ when she starred in the film Soulmate (《七月与安生》)．
“谋女郎”周冬雨在她主演的电影《七月与安生》中表现出色。
③I never ____________ when he is in trouble. Instead, I'm ready to lend a hand.
当他有麻烦时，我从不袖手旁观，而是帮他一把。
答案：①stands for ②stood out ③stand by
stand out 显眼；引人注目
stand by 袖手旁观；站在一边
stand up for 支持；维护
stand up to 抵抗
③ as well 也；又；还(常放在句子末尾，作为副词短语使用)(P10)
(1)单句改错
Tom, as well as his friends, are going to visit the exhibition.
____________________________________________________________
答案：are→is
(2)单句写作
①Air is necessary for people. It is necessary for plants ____________.
对人而言，空气是必不可少的，对植物来说也是一样。
②It's raining outside. We ________________ stay indoors, doing some reading.
外面下雨了，我们倒不如待在家里，看点书。
答案：①as well ②may/might as well
as well 也(置于肯定句句末)
as well as 也；和(用来连接两个并列成分)
as well as ... 同……一样好
may/might (just) as well do sth. 倒不如做某事；不妨做某事
as well as常用来连接两个并列成分，如名词、形容词、动词等，通常不位于句首。它强调的是前一项，后一项只是顺便提及。因此连接并列主语时，谓语动词与前一项一致；翻译时要先译后面，再译前面。
① [教材原句]No other countries could join in, nor could slaves or women! (P10)
别的国家不能参加，奴隶和妇女也不能参加！
单句写作
①He didn't visit the Summer Palace last summer, ______________________.
他去年暑假没有去游览颐和园，我也没有。
②If you go to climb the Stork Tower this weekend, ____________.
如果你周末去登鹳雀楼，我也去。
③Lily graduated from Beijing University and is teaching in a faraway village. ________________________________.
李丽北京大学毕业，现在在边远乡村任教。张华也是。
④—Putin has been named the world's most powerful person by Forbes magazine for the fourth year in a row.
—____________________.
——普京连续四年被《福布斯》杂志评为全球最具影响力人物。
——确实是。
答案：①neither/nor did I ②so will I ③So it is with Zhang Hua./It is the same with Zhang Hua ④So he has
(1)“nor/neither＋助动词/系动词/情态动词＋主语”构成倒装句型，意为“……也不这样”，表示某人或某物也有前面说过的情况(否定情况)。
(2)“so＋助动词/系动词be/情态动词＋主语”，意为“……也是如此”，表示某人或某物也有前面说过的情况(肯定情况)。
(3)“so＋主语＋助动词/系动词be/情态动词”，表示说话人同意对方的观点或对前文内容加以强调或肯定，意为“……的确如此”。
(4)如果前面句子的谓语既有肯定又有否定，或者形式不同，就用句型So it is/was with ... 或It is/was the same with ...。
② [教材原句]A new village for the athletes and all the stadiums will be built to the east of London. (P10)
在伦敦东部将要建一个能够容纳运动员和所有运动场馆的村子。
单句语法填空
①It is reported that a space station ________ (build) on the Moon in years to come.
②The 2022 Winter Olympic Games ________ (hold) in Beijing.
③If you are caught smoking at school, you ________ (punish)．
答案：①will be built ②will be held ③shall be punished
一般将来时的被动语态由“will/shall＋be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成，当单纯地表示将来要发生的动作或存在的状态时，常与表示将来的时间状语(如tomorrow, next week, in a few years)等连用。
其否定式及疑问式：
(1)否定式：won't/shan't＋be＋及物动词的过去分词
(2)一般疑问式：will/shall＋主语＋be＋及物动词的过去分词
(3)特殊疑问式：疑问词＋will/shall＋主语＋be＋及物动词的过去分词
(4)①be going to be done
②be to be done
③be about to be done
也可用来表达相同意思。
课文回练 升华运用
There are certain similarities and many significant differences between the modern __1__ ancient Olympics. The similarities are: both __2__ (hold) every four years; they have __3__ (run) races; also there is no prize money for winners.
However, there are differences between them. In ancient Olympics, there was only one set of Games and no women and no slaves could take part. The __4__ (compete) only came from Greece. __5__ modern Olympics, there __6__ (be) two main sets of Games—the Winter and the Summer Olympics. Only __7__ (that)who have reached the __8__ (agree)standard for their event will be admitted as competitors. They may come from anywhere in the world. There are over 250 sports and each one has its own standard. Women are not only allowed, but also play __9__ very important role in almost all the events.
Hosting the Olympic Games is a great honour. The Olympic motto is “__10__ (swift), Higher and Stronger.”
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5.________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________ 9.________ 10.________
答案：1.and 2.are held 3.running 4.competitors 5.In 6.are 7.those 8.agreed 9.a 10.Swifter
基础达标 自主训练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．If you pass the exam, you will ________ (admit) into the college.
答案：be admitted be admitted to/into “准许进入……”。
2．In my opinion, it is you rather than he that should take ________ (responsible) for the accident.
答案：responsibility take responsibility for sth. “为某事承担责任”。
3．To my annoyance, there are too many TV ________ (advertise) between the programs.
答案：advertisements 由many可知此空应填名词advertisement “广告”，且应用其复数形式。
4．He was disabled from birth, but he never felt frustrated, ________ did he give in to any difficulty.
答案：nor 分析句子结构可知，最后一个分句应用部分倒装结构，由前一分句中的never可知，此句表示“也从不”，故填nor。
5．They replaced their beloved old cars ________ expensive new sports cars.
答案：with replace A with B “用B替换A”。
6．A business as perfectly managed as that one does deserve ________ (success)．
答案：to succeed/success deserve to succeed/deserve success “应该取得成功”。
7．There have been a huge number of entries for this year's poetry ________ (compete)．
答案：competition this year's poetry competition “今年的诗词大会”。
8．Eating properly and exercising ________ (regular) can make one enjoy a healthier and longer life.
答案：regularly 由前面的properly可知，此处应填副词修饰exercising。
9．He bargained ________ the merchant for an hour before he bought the vase.
答案：with bargain with sb. “与某人讨价还价”。
10．The more willing you are to help others, the ________ (many) friends you'll make.
答案：more “The＋比较级＋ ..., the＋比较级＋ ...”表示“越……就越……”。
Ⅱ.单句写作
1．The Chinese red flag ______________ (代表) the unity of people led by the Chinese Communist Party.
答案：stands for
2．Finally, we should ________________ (参加) outdoor activities frequently, which can enrich our school life.
答案：take part in
3．He is ____________________________ of the cultural relics in the Forbidden City.
他负责修复紫禁城的文化遗产。
答案：in charge of the recovery
4．______________________________________________________________
我们第二天早晨开车去机场接专家。(pick up)
答案：We drove to the airport the next morning to pick up the experts.
5．_________________________________________________________
这些剪纸成了废品。是意外还是他故意所为？
答案：These papercuttings are in ruins. Was it an accident or did he do it on purpose?
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2019·福建厦门第一中学第一学期市质检模拟考)It's never easy for __1__ Asia athlete to shine in track and field events. But Su Bingtian, 28, __2__ (know) as the “Chinese flying man”， became the first male Chinese sprinter to win a __3__ (globe) medal in an individual event. __4__ March 3, he took the silver in the men's 60 m final at the World Indoor Championships in the UK. In the final, Su Bingtian ran his personal best of 6.42 seconds, __5__ (break) the Asian record of 6.43, which he also set last month in Germany.
The last time a Chinese athlete achieved a milestone was in 2004, __6__ Liu Xiang won a gold medal in Athens in the 110 m hurdles. Inevitably, Su __7__ (compare) to Liu. “Liu Xiang is my idol and also my friend，” Su told Xinhua News Agency.
As a matter of fact, Su had expected __8__ (win) a bronze during the final. “There is no difference between silver __9__ bronze. Even a bronze could prove that Chinese sprinters have made breakthroughs in major world __10__ (compete)，” he said.
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________
5．________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________
9．________ 10.________
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国运动员苏炳添在国际大赛中取得非常好的成绩，证明中国在短跑项目上取得重大进步。
1．an 考查冠词。文中第一次提及单数名词Asian athlete，且Asian是以元音音素开头的单词，故用不定冠词an。
2．known 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，know与其逻辑主语Su Bingtian属于被动关系，故用过去分词形式known。
3．global 考查词性转换。修饰名词medal用形容词，故用global。
4．On 考查介词。具体日期前用介词on。
5．breaking 考查非谓语动词。break与其逻辑主语(前面的句子)属于主动关系，故用现在分词形式breaking。
6．when 考查定语从句的引导词。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为2004，且引导词在从句中作时间状语，故用when。
7．is compared 考查动词的时态和语态。compare在句中作谓语，与主语Su为被动关系，故用被动语态，且此处是陈述一个事实，用一般现在时，故用is compared。
8．to win 考查非谓语动词。expect to do sth.为固定用法，意为“期待做某事”，故用to win。
9．and 考查固定搭配。between ... and ... 为固定搭配，意为“在……与……之间”，故用and。
10．competitions 考查词性转换。此处表示“在世界大赛上”，major为形容词修饰名词，故用competition，competition作“比赛”讲时为可数名词，需用复数competitions。
Ⅳ.短文改错
An English party will be holding in the school hall at seven o'clock in the evening on November 12. We have prepared much wonderful programs for you. First, some teachers and students will give lectures on the important of English study. Beside, some students will introduce our rich experience of English study to us. In the end, some students will sing English songs for us. We're sure of that these wonderful programs will impress you deep. Everyone was welcome to take an active part it. Don't forget the time and address and don't forget to tell us what you think of a party. Wish you had a pleasant time.
答案：
An English party will be in the school hall at seven o'clock in the evening on November 12. We have prepared wonderful programs for you. First, some teachers and students will give lectures on the of English study. ， some students will introduce rich experience of English study to us. In the end, some students will sing English songs for us. We're sure that these wonderful programs will impress you . Everyone welcome to take an active part it. Don't forget the time and address and don't forget to tell us what you think of party. Wish you had a pleasant time.
难项分析：
第一处：holding→held 考查动词的时态。hold和句子的主语An English party之间是被动关系，故用被动形式，即“be＋done”的形式，故用held。
第六处：删除of 考查固定搭配。be sure that ... “确定……”，为固定用法，故of多余。
第九处：part后加in 考查介词。take part in ... “参加……”，为固定搭配，后跟名词或代词作宾语，故加介词in。
话题四 文学、艺术与体育
[对应教材] Book 2 Unit 2 The Olympic Games Book 2 Unit 5 Music
Book 3 Unit 1 Festivals around the world Book 3 Unit 3 The Million Pound Bank Note
Book 6 Unit 1 Art Book 6 Unit 2 Poems Book 8 Unit 4 Pygmalion
(一)核心素养下的话题解读
“文学、艺术与体育”是高中课程标准中“人与社会”主题语境内容要求之一，该内容包括“小说、戏剧、诗歌、传记、文学剧本、经典演讲、文学名著等；绘画、建筑等领域的代表性作品和人物；影视、音乐等领域的概况及其发展；体育活动、大型体育赛事、体育与健康、体育精神”等方面。这些话题贴近学生的实际生活。高考英语通过这些话题让学生了解古今中外的文学与艺术形式，提高生活品味；通过了解体育活动与赛事，培养体育精神，提高强身健体的意识。
[高考探究]
“文学、艺术与体育”这个话题常与阅读理解、完形填空、七选五、语法填空、书面表达等相结合进行考查，分值占有一定的比例。例如：
话题四
卷别
试题类型
文章大意
文学、
艺术与
体育
2019全国卷Ⅱ
阅读A篇
作家Jo Usmar推荐的四本好书
2019全国卷Ⅲ
阅读A篇
两部戏剧和音乐剧的内容、导演等信息简介
2018全国卷Ⅰ
阅读A篇
四种骑自行车游览华盛顿的活动
2017全国卷Ⅰ
阅读C篇
介绍了爵士乐并探讨了其未来的发展
2017全国卷Ⅱ
阅读A篇
有关莎士比亚戏剧的演出信息
续表
话题四
卷别
试题类型
文章大意
文
学
、
艺
术
与
体
育
2016全国卷Ⅱ
阅读A篇
介绍了四个地方与表演相关的活动
2016全国卷Ⅱ
阅读D篇
摄影师参加南极探险，临死前拍下令人震撼的图片
2016全国卷Ⅲ
阅读A篇
有关音乐演出的广告
2016全国卷Ⅲ
阅读B篇
著名作家尤多拉·韦尔蒂的写作素材的趣事
2015全国卷Ⅰ
阅读C篇
艺术家莎尔瓦多·达利的巴黎作品展
2018全国卷Ⅱ
七选五阅读
晨练的好处并呼吁大家早起锻炼
2018全国卷Ⅲ
七选五阅读
作者对跳舞的热爱及跳舞的好处
2015全国卷Ⅱ
七选五阅读
进行马拉松训练的具体做法
2018全国卷Ⅰ
语法填空
跑步的好处——帮助人们延年益寿
2018全国卷Ⅲ
书面表达
告知英国朋友你校学生体育运动的情况
2017全国卷Ⅱ
书面表达
邀请外教参观中国剪纸艺术展
2017全国卷Ⅲ
书面表达
邀请留学生朋友加入校乒乒球队
(二)构建思维导图，提升思维品质
图一 Book 2 Unit 2 The Olympic Games
图二 Book 2 Unit 5 Music
图三 Book 3 Unit 1 Festivals around the world
图四 Book 3 Unit 3 The Million Pound Bank Note
图五 Book 6 Unit 1 Art
图六 Book 6 Unit 2 Poems
图七 Book 8 Unit 4 Pygmalion
(三)根据思维导图，完成概要写作
图一：概要写作
①The Olympic Games got its name because it was in Olympia, Ancient Greece that the Games were held. ②They are the biggest sports meetings in the world, including the Winter and the Summer Olympics, both of which are held every four years. ③Nowadays, all countries can take part in them if their athletes, including women, reach the standard for the games. ④A special village is built for the competitors to live in, several stadiums for competitions, a gymnasium as well as a main reception building. ⑤As for the prize, the olive wreath has been replaced by medals, but it's still about being able to run faster, jump higher and throw further. ⑥To be honest, it's a great responsibility to host the Olympic Games. China succeeded in bidding for the right to host the 29th Olympics in Beijing, which is a great honor for the Chinese.
图二：概要写作
Have you ever dreamed of being famous as a musician? ①At first, many singers may form a band to practise their music. And then they may get the chance to give performances in pubs or clubs. ②Later they may gradually become popular. However, the Monkees started in a different way. It began as a TV show. Only one of them was good enough and the other three members pretended singing. To be honest, it couldn't be called a real band at the beginning. Anyhow, their shows were humorous and they became popular. ③After a year or so, they became more serious about their work and produced their own records and started touring. ④About 1970 the Monkees broke up, ⑤but they reunited in the mid1980s and ⑥in 1996 produced a new record to celebrate their former happy time as a real band.
图三：概要写作
①Festivals and celebrations of all kinds have been held everywhere since ancient times. ②The Japanese festival, Obon, is held to honour the dead or to satisfy the ancestors, who might return either to help or to do harm. Moreover, some festivals can also be held to honour famous people, such as the Dragon Boat Festival in China, the USA Columbus Day and so on. In contrast, harvest and Thanksgiving festivals can be very happy events, when people are grateful because their food is gathered for the winter and the agricultural work is over. The most energetic and important festivals are the ones that look forward to the end of winter and the coming of spring, such as the Spring Festival in China, and Japan's Cherry Blossom Festival.
③All in all, festivals let us enjoy life and be relaxed.
图四：概要写作
It was the summer of 1903. ①③Two old and wealthy brothers made a bet. ②④One believed that with a million pound bank note a man could survive a month in London, while the other doubted it. At this moment, they saw Henry, a penniless young man wandering on the pavement outside their house. ⑤At the sight of Henry, they called him into the house, where they gave him an envelope, asking him to open it after 2 pm. Feeling hungry, Henry walked into a restaurant, where he was treated coldly because of his poor appearance. After a long meal, it was time to open the envelope. To his surprise, there was a million pound bank note in it. Seeing the note, the owner and hostess opened their eyes wide. Immediately, they changed their attitude to Henry.
图五：概要写作
This text describes only the most important styles of Western art, starting from the sixth century AD.
①During the Middle Ages, the main aim of painters was to represent religious themes, which created a feeling of respect and love for God. ②During the Renaissance, people began to adopt a more humanistic attitude to life. One of the most important discoveries during this period was how to draw things in perspective. ③The Impressionists were the first painters to work outdoors. Their paintings were not as detailed as those of earlier painters. ④On the one hand, some modern art is abstract. On the other hand, some paintings of modern art are so realistic that they look like photographs.
⑤These styles are so different. Who can predict what painting styles there will be in the future?
图六：概要写作
①There are various reasons why people write poetry, either telling a story or conveying certain emotions.
②The first poetry for a young child is nursery rhymes. The language is concrete but imaginative. They delight small children because they rhyme, have strong rhythm and a lot of repetition. Another form of poem that students can easily write is the cinquain, a poem made up of five lines, conveying a strong picture in just a few words. Also, Haiku is a Japanese form of poetry that is made up of 17 syllables. It is easy to write and can create a special feeling using the minimum of words. English speakers also enjoy Tang poems from China. A lot of Tang poetry has been translated into English.
③With so many different forms of poetry to choose from, students may certainly give it a try!
图七：概要写作
①②It was in London, England in 1914 outside a theatre. It was pouring with rain. Professor Higgins was hiding from the rain listening to people's language and watching their reactions. While watching, he made notes. ③Nearby, a dirty flower girl, Eliza Doolittle, wearing poorly was also sheltering from the rain. She tried to sell flowers to Higgins, but failed. Then another man, Colonel Pickering, now spoke to Higgins, who was convinced that the quality of a person's English decided his/her position in society. ④Higgins made a bet with Pickering that he could transfer the uneducated, dirty flower girl, Eliza, who came from the lower class, into a lady of a higher social class and fool everyone into thinking she really was. Through efforts, ⑤Higgins succeeded in changing Eliza into a lady. This story proved the Pygmalion Effect.
1．Hardly had we arrived at the training center when we signed up to participate in the Walking Contest.
我们一到达训练中心就报名参加了健步走比赛。
2．Having realized the importance of doing sports, most of us begin to take a series of effective steps, thus bringing some positive changes.
意识到进行锻炼的重要性，我们当中的大多数人开始采取一系列有效措施，因此引起了一些积极的变化。
3．There is no doubt that taking exercise does good to our health.
毫无疑问进行锻炼对我们的身体有好处。
4．Sports are flourishing in China now. Of various kinds of sports, I like jogging in particular.
现在运动在中国很盛行。在各种运动中，我尤其喜欢慢跑。
自主排查 夯基固本
Ⅰ 核心单词
(1)compete (vi.) 比赛；竞争→competition (n.) 竞争→competitive (adj.) 竞争的；有竞争性的→competitor (n.) 竞争者
(2)admit (vt.& vi.) 容许；承认；接纳→admission (n.) 准入；准许→admitted (过去式/过去分词)
(3)host (vt.) 做东；主办；招待 (n.) 主人
(4)responsibility (n.) 责任；职责→responsible (adj.) 有责任心的
(5)replace (vt.) 取代；替换；代替→replacement (n.) 替换；更换
(6)charge (vt.& vi.) 收费；控诉 (n.) 费用；主管
(7)advertise (vt.& vi.) 做广告；登广告→advertiser (n.)广告商→advertisement (n.) 广告
(8)bargain (vi.) 讨价还价；讲条件 (n.) 便宜货
(9)deserve (vi.& vt.) 应受(报答或惩罚)；值得
Ⅱ 阅读单词
(1)ancient (adj.) 古代的；古老的
(2)magical (adj.) 巫术的；魔术的；有魔力的
(3)volunteer (n.) 志愿者；志愿兵 (adj.) 志愿的；义务的 (vt.& vi.) 自愿
(4)regular (adj.) 规则的；定期的；常规的
(5)athlete (n.) 运动员；运动选手
(6)motto (n.) 座右铭；格言；警句
(7)swift (adj.) 快的；迅速的
(8)physical (adj.) 物理的；身体的
(9)foolish (adj.) 愚蠢的；傻的
(10)pain (n.) 疼痛；痛苦
[单句语法填空]
1．When at college, we did voluntary work ________ (regular)．
答案：regularly
2．You'd better stop doing anything ________ (fool)．
答案：foolish
3．The study suggests that governments have a responsibility to encourage people to be more ________ (physical) active.
答案：physically
4．My sister bought this Tshirt at such a low price. She was really good at ________ (bargain)．
答案：bargaining
5．At the comingofage ceremony, all of the students promised to take their ________ (responsible) as adults.
答案：responsibility
6．Lee's ________ (admit) to a key university made his family wild with joy.
答案：being admitted
7．He is unfit for his job and must ________ (replace)．
答案：be replaced
8．The little girl tried her best to win the ________ (compete)．
答案：competition
9．He ________ (fine) for parking his car in the wrong place.
答案：was fined
10．She's in a ________ (hope) situation, which we will keep a very close eye on.
答案：hopeless
联想积累
1．与“运动员”相关的常见名词
①athlete 运动员 ②competitor 竞争者
③champion 冠军 ④coach 教练员
⑤captain 队长 ⑥referee 裁判员
⑦amateur 业余选手
⑧professional 职业选手
2．含有否定后缀less的形容词
①homeless 无家可归的
②breathless 上气不接下气的
③careless 粗心的
④childless 无子女的
⑤endless 没完没了的
⑥faithless 不忠实的
⑦fearless 无畏的
⑧aimless 无目的的
⑨countless 无数的；不计其数的
1．take_part_in 参加；参与
2．stand_for 代表；象征；表示
3．as_well 也；又；还
4．in_charge 主管；看管
5．on_purpose 故意地；蓄意地
6．make a bargain with sb. 与某人达成协议
7．pick up 拾起；接收；搭车；(偶然)学会
8．work out 计算出；理解；解决；锻炼；制定出……
9．one after another 一个接一个地
10．on a regular basis 定期地；经常地
[选词填空]
1.We are very happy to have the chance to ________ the competition on behalf of our school.
答案：take part in
2．It wasn't too long before we had ________ a plan acceptable to all.
答案：worked out
3．The Internet has brought a lot of benefits but has created some serious problems ________.
答案：as well
4．They made joint efforts and solved the problems ____________.
答案：one after another
5．I'll ________ you ________ at your home at 8 o'clock in the morning.
答案：pick; up
6．As we all know, our national flag ________ our country.
答案：stands for
联想积累
“动词＋for”短语小结
①stand for 代表；象征；表示
②wait for 等候
③long for 渴望
④ask for 要求得到
⑤hope/wish for 希望得到
⑥care for 照看；照料；喜欢
⑦beg for 恳求
⑧apply for 申请
⑨answer for 对……负责
⑩arrange for 安排
⑪call for 需求，需要
⑫leave for 动身去
课文原句
句式梳理
仿写训练
This is important because the more you speak English,
thebetteryourEnglish will become.
这很重要，因为你说英语越多，你的英语就会变得越好。
the＋比较级＋ ... ，the＋比较级＋ ...
“越……(就)越……”。前面部分相当于条件句，后面相当于主句。
As our teacher says, “_____________________________________in your studies.”
正如老师所说，你越努力，在学习上取得的进步越大。
答案：The harder you work, the greater progress you'll make
直击重点 突破考点
① compete vi. 比赛；竞争(P9)
单句语法填空
①Online voting becomes increasingly popular, and many ________ (compete) get people involved in it.
②England has to win tonight's qualifying match to go through to the next round of the ________ (compete)．
③Nobody can entirely keep away from this ________ (compete) world.
④You cannot compete ________ others in the job market if you don't have a special skill.
⑤Runners from many countries are competing ________ the international prize.
答案：①competitors ②competition ③competitive ④with/against ⑤for
(1)compete in 参加……比赛；在……方面竞争
compete for 为……而竞争
compete with/against ... for ... 为争取……而与……对抗/竞争
(2)competition n. 比赛
competitor n. 竞争者；对手
competitive adj. 有竞争力的
compete多用作不及物动词，必须跟适当的介词才能跟宾语。表示“与某人比赛”用with或against；表示比赛的目的用for；表示比赛参与的项目时用in。
② admit vt. 容许；承认；接纳(P10)
单句语法填空
①All of my classmates are working hard in order to be admitted ________ a key university.
②When the police questioned him, George admitted ________ (steal) the car.
③Up till now ________ (admit) to college is gained by exam only.
答案：①to/into ②stealing/having stolen ③admission
(1)admit (doing/having done) sth. 承认(做过)某事
admit＋n.＋to be ... 承认……是……
admit sb./sth. into/to 允许某人/某物进入/加入
be admitted to/into ... 被录取，被接纳，被允许进入……
be admitted as ... 作为……被接受
(2)admission n. 进入；入场费；承认
③ replace vt. 取代；替换；代替；把……放回原处(P10)
(1)单句语法填空
It is generally believed that teachers will never ________ (replace) with computers in class.
答案：be replaced
(2)单句写作
①She can't attend the meeting, so her assistant will _______________________.
她无法出席会议，所以她的助手将代替她出席。
②Now that these basics were ____________， I was ready to go all out to carry out the plan.
既然基本工作已经就绪，我准备全力以赴执行计划。
答案：①take the place of her/take her place ②in place
(1)replace sb./sth. 取代某人/某物
replace A with B 用B替换A
(2)in place of 代替
take one's place＝take the place of sb. 代替某人
take place 发生
in place 在正确的位置；准备妥当
out of place 不在适当的位置；不恰当
④ charge vt.& vi. 收费；控诉 n. 费用；主管(P12)
单句写作
①The activity of “Foreign Language Festival” will be ______________ president of the Student Union.
这次的“外语节”活动由学生会主席负责。
②The boss asked him to ________________ the office for a few days while she was away.
老板让他在她离开时掌管办公室几天。
③We can deliver goods to your door ____________.
我们可以免费送货上门。
答案：①in the charge of ②take charge of ③free of charge
(1)charge sb. for sth. 为某物向某人收取费用
charge sb. with (doing) sth. 控告某人(做)某事
(2)take charge of 掌管/负责……
in charge of 控制/管理/负责……
in the charge of 受……的管理/由……负责
free of charge (＝for free) 免费
⑤ bargain n. 便宜货 vi. 讨价还价；讲条件(P14)
单句写作
①Dealers __________________ growers ________ the price of coffee.
商人正在与种植者就咖啡的价格进行商洽。
②In my opinion, the Chinese knots were ______________ at that price.
在我看来，以那样的价格购买这些中国结真是合算。
答案：①are bargaining with; about/over ②a good bargain
bargain with sb. about/over ... (＝make a bargain with sb. about/over sth.)就某事和某人讨价还价
a good/bad bargain 买得合算/不合算
It's a real bargain. 这可真是个便宜货。
① take part in参加；参与(P9)
(1)单句改错
He will take a part in an important race across the Atlantic.
____________________________________________________________
答案：去掉take后的a
(2)单句写作
①It goes without saying that ________________________ can broaden our horizons.
不言而喻，积极参加社会活动能开阔我们的视野。
②As is known, China is ____________________________ the international affairs.
众所周知，中国在国际事务中正起着越来越重要的作用。
答案：①taking an active part in social activities ②playing a more and more important part in
take part in＝participate in 参加；参与
take an active part in 积极参加
play a part in 在……中起作用；在……中扮演角色
(1)take part in是固定短语，part前一般不用冠词，但是当part前有形容词修饰时，形容词前要用不定冠词。
(2)在使用take part in时，若其后无宾语，则不加介词in。
② stand for 代表；象征；表示；主张；支持；容忍(P9)
单句写作
①“FOMO” is an acronym that ____________ “fear of missing out”．
“FOMO”是fear of missing out的首字母缩略词，表示“害怕错过”。
②Zhou Dongyu, the socalled “Mou girl”， ________________ when she starred in the film Soulmate (《七月与安生》)．
“谋女郎”周冬雨在她主演的电影《七月与安生》中表现出色。
③I never ____________ when he is in trouble. Instead, I'm ready to lend a hand.
当他有麻烦时，我从不袖手旁观，而是帮他一把。
答案：①stands for ②stood out ③stand by
stand out 显眼；引人注目
stand by 袖手旁观；站在一边
stand up for 支持；维护
stand up to 抵抗
③ as well 也；又；还(常放在句子末尾，作为副词短语使用)(P10)
(1)单句改错
Tom, as well as his friends, are going to visit the exhibition.
____________________________________________________________
答案：are→is
(2)单句写作
①Air is necessary for people. It is necessary for plants ____________.
对人而言，空气是必不可少的，对植物来说也是一样。
②It's raining outside. We ________________ stay indoors, doing some reading.
外面下雨了，我们倒不如待在家里，看点书。
答案：①as well ②may/might as well
as well 也(置于肯定句句末)
as well as 也；和(用来连接两个并列成分)
as well as ... 同……一样好
may/might (just) as well do sth. 倒不如做某事；不妨做某事
as well as常用来连接两个并列成分，如名词、形容词、动词等，通常不位于句首。它强调的是前一项，后一项只是顺便提及。因此连接并列主语时，谓语动词与前一项一致；翻译时要先译后面，再译前面。
① [教材原句]No other countries could join in, nor could slaves or women! (P10)
别的国家不能参加，奴隶和妇女也不能参加！
单句写作
①He didn't visit the Summer Palace last summer, ______________________.
他去年暑假没有去游览颐和园，我也没有。
②If you go to climb the Stork Tower this weekend, ____________.
如果你周末去登鹳雀楼，我也去。
③Lily graduated from Beijing University and is teaching in a faraway village. ________________________________.
李丽北京大学毕业，现在在边远乡村任教。张华也是。
④—Putin has been named the world's most powerful person by Forbes magazine for the fourth year in a row.
—____________________.
——普京连续四年被《福布斯》杂志评为全球最具影响力人物。
——确实是。
答案：①neither/nor did I ②so will I ③So it is with Zhang Hua./It is the same with Zhang Hua ④So he has
(1)“nor/neither＋助动词/系动词/情态动词＋主语”构成倒装句型，意为“……也不这样”，表示某人或某物也有前面说过的情况(否定情况)。
(2)“so＋助动词/系动词be/情态动词＋主语”，意为“……也是如此”，表示某人或某物也有前面说过的情况(肯定情况)。
(3)“so＋主语＋助动词/系动词be/情态动词”，表示说话人同意对方的观点或对前文内容加以强调或肯定，意为“……的确如此”。
(4)如果前面句子的谓语既有肯定又有否定，或者形式不同，就用句型So it is/was with ... 或It is/was the same with ...。
② [教材原句]A new village for the athletes and all the stadiums will be built to the east of London. (P10)
在伦敦东部将要建一个能够容纳运动员和所有运动场馆的村子。
单句语法填空
①It is reported that a space station ________ (build) on the Moon in years to come.
②The 2022 Winter Olympic Games ________ (hold) in Beijing.
③If you are caught smoking at school, you ________ (punish)．
答案：①will be built ②will be held ③shall be punished
一般将来时的被动语态由“will/shall＋be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成，当单纯地表示将来要发生的动作或存在的状态时，常与表示将来的时间状语(如tomorrow, next week, in a few years)等连用。
其否定式及疑问式：
(1)否定式：won't/shan't＋be＋及物动词的过去分词
(2)一般疑问式：will/shall＋主语＋be＋及物动词的过去分词
(3)特殊疑问式：疑问词＋will/shall＋主语＋be＋及物动词的过去分词
(4)①be going to be done
②be to be done
③be about to be done
也可用来表达相同意思。
课文回练 升华运用
There are certain similarities and many significant differences between the modern __1__ ancient Olympics. The similarities are: both __2__ (hold) every four years; they have __3__ (run) races; also there is no prize money for winners.
However, there are differences between them. In ancient Olympics, there was only one set of Games and no women and no slaves could take part. The __4__ (compete) only came from Greece. __5__ modern Olympics, there __6__ (be) two main sets of Games—the Winter and the Summer Olympics. Only __7__ (that)who have reached the __8__ (agree)standard for their event will be admitted as competitors. They may come from anywhere in the world. There are over 250 sports and each one has its own standard. Women are not only allowed, but also play __9__ very important role in almost all the events.
Hosting the Olympic Games is a great honour. The Olympic motto is “__10__ (swift), Higher and Stronger.”
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5.________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________ 9.________ 10.________
答案：1.and 2.are held 3.running 4.competitors 5.In 6.are 7.those 8.agreed 9.a 10.Swifter
基础达标 自主训练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．If you pass the exam, you will ________ (admit) into the college.
答案：be admitted be admitted to/into “准许进入……”。
2．In my opinion, it is you rather than he that should take ________ (responsible) for the accident.
答案：responsibility take responsibility for sth. “为某事承担责任”。
3．To my annoyance, there are too many TV ________ (advertise) between the programs.
答案：advertisements 由many可知此空应填名词advertisement “广告”，且应用其复数形式。
4．He was disabled from birth, but he never felt frustrated, ________ did he give in to any difficulty.
答案：nor 分析句子结构可知，最后一个分句应用部分倒装结构，由前一分句中的never可知，此句表示“也从不”，故填nor。
5．They replaced their beloved old cars ________ expensive new sports cars.
答案：with replace A with B “用B替换A”。
6．A business as perfectly managed as that one does deserve ________ (success)．
答案：to succeed/success deserve to succeed/deserve success “应该取得成功”。
7．There have been a huge number of entries for this year's poetry ________ (compete)．
答案：competition this year's poetry competition “今年的诗词大会”。
8．Eating properly and exercising ________ (regular) can make one enjoy a healthier and longer life.
答案：regularly 由前面的properly可知，此处应填副词修饰exercising。
9．He bargained ________ the merchant for an hour before he bought the vase.
答案：with bargain with sb. “与某人讨价还价”。
10．The more willing you are to help others, the ________ (many) friends you'll make.
答案：more “The＋比较级＋ ..., the＋比较级＋ ...”表示“越……就越……”。
Ⅱ.单句写作
1．The Chinese red flag ______________ (代表) the unity of people led by the Chinese Communist Party.
答案：stands for
2．Finally, we should ________________ (参加) outdoor activities frequently, which can enrich our school life.
答案：take part in
3．He is ____________________________ of the cultural relics in the Forbidden City.
他负责修复紫禁城的文化遗产。
答案：in charge of the recovery
4．______________________________________________________________
我们第二天早晨开车去机场接专家。(pick up)
答案：We drove to the airport the next morning to pick up the experts.
5．_________________________________________________________
这些剪纸成了废品。是意外还是他故意所为？
答案：These papercuttings are in ruins. Was it an accident or did he do it on purpose?
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2019·福建厦门第一中学第一学期市质检模拟考)It's never easy for __1__ Asia athlete to shine in track and field events. But Su Bingtian, 28, __2__ (know) as the “Chinese flying man”， became the first male Chinese sprinter to win a __3__ (globe) medal in an individual event. __4__ March 3, he took the silver in the men's 60 m final at the World Indoor Championships in the UK. In the final, Su Bingtian ran his personal best of 6.42 seconds, __5__ (break) the Asian record of 6.43, which he also set last month in Germany.
The last time a Chinese athlete achieved a milestone was in 2004, __6__ Liu Xiang won a gold medal in Athens in the 110 m hurdles. Inevitably, Su __7__ (compare) to Liu. “Liu Xiang is my idol and also my friend，” Su told Xinhua News Agency.
As a matter of fact, Su had expected __8__ (win) a bronze during the final. “There is no difference between silver __9__ bronze. Even a bronze could prove that Chinese sprinters have made breakthroughs in major world __10__ (compete)，” he said.
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________
5．________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________
9．________ 10.________
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国运动员苏炳添在国际大赛中取得非常好的成绩，证明中国在短跑项目上取得重大进步。
1．an 考查冠词。文中第一次提及单数名词Asian athlete，且Asian是以元音音素开头的单词，故用不定冠词an。
2．known 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，know与其逻辑主语Su Bingtian属于被动关系，故用过去分词形式known。
3．global 考查词性转换。修饰名词medal用形容词，故用global。
4．On 考查介词。具体日期前用介词on。
5．breaking 考查非谓语动词。break与其逻辑主语(前面的句子)属于主动关系，故用现在分词形式breaking。
6．when 考查定语从句的引导词。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为2004，且引导词在从句中作时间状语，故用when。
7．is compared 考查动词的时态和语态。compare在句中作谓语，与主语Su为被动关系，故用被动语态，且此处是陈述一个事实，用一般现在时，故用is compared。
8．to win 考查非谓语动词。expect to do sth.为固定用法，意为“期待做某事”，故用to win。
9．and 考查固定搭配。between ... and ... 为固定搭配，意为“在……与……之间”，故用and。
10．competitions 考查词性转换。此处表示“在世界大赛上”，major为形容词修饰名词，故用competition，competition作“比赛”讲时为可数名词，需用复数competitions。
Ⅳ.短文改错
An English party will be holding in the school hall at seven o'clock in the evening on November 12. We have prepared much wonderful programs for you. First, some teachers and students will give lectures on the important of English study. Beside, some students will introduce our rich experience of English study to us. In the end, some students will sing English songs for us. We're sure of that these wonderful programs will impress you deep. Everyone was welcome to take an active part it. Don't forget the time and address and don't forget to tell us what you think of a party. Wish you had a pleasant time.
答案：
An English party will be in the school hall at seven o'clock in the evening on November 12. We have prepared wonderful programs for you. First, some teachers and students will give lectures on the of English study. ， some students will introduce rich experience of English study to us. In the end, some students will sing English songs for us. We're sure that these wonderful programs will impress you . Everyone welcome to take an active part it. Don't forget the time and address and don't forget to tell us what you think of party. Wish you had a pleasant time.
难项分析：
第一处：holding→held 考查动词的时态。hold和句子的主语An English party之间是被动关系，故用被动形式，即“be＋done”的形式，故用held。
第六处：删除of 考查固定搭配。be sure that ... “确定……”，为固定用法，故of多余。
第九处：part后加in 考查介词。take part in ... “参加……”，为固定搭配，后跟名词或代词作宾语，故加介词in。
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