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人教版英语八年级上册期中考试（Unit 1-Unit 5）知识点总结
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这是一份英语人教新目标 (Go for it) 版本册综合优质知识点教案，共59页。教案主要包含了教材内容解析，重点短语和句型归纳，语法讲解等内容，欢迎下载使用。
人教版英语八年级上册期中考试（Unit 1-Unit 5）知识点总结
Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation?
【教材内容解析】
Section A
1. Where did you go on vacation? (P. 1)
on vacation意为“在度假”，结构“on+名词”表示“在某种状态中”。
My family went to Hainan on vacation last year.
2. ...visited my uncle (P. 1)
visit此处用作及物动词，后接人或物做宾语，意为“拜访、看望”，后接表示地点的名词，意为“参观、游览”。
I visited my grandmother last week.
Do you want to visit Shanghai?
3. ...go with anyone? (P. 2)
(1) anyone用作不定代词，意为“有人、任何人”，相当于anybody，用于疑问句和否定句中，在肯定句中用someone或者somebody。但是anyone也可以用在肯定句中，表示“任何一个人”。
Did you meet anyone friendly in that city?
Anyone can be helpful in some way.
(2) anyone只能指人，不可以指物，后面不接of短语；any one既可以指人也可以指物，后可接of短语。
Anyone in my class knows any one of the singers and any one of their sons.
4. ...buy anything special? (P. 2)
(1) buy用作双宾语动词，表示“买”，常用的结构为“buy sb. sth.”或者“buy sth. for sb.”，表示“为某人买某物”。
My father bought me a bike.=My father bought a bike for me.
【拓展】可接双宾语的动词还有give, bring, show, tell, sell等。
give sb. sth.=give sth. to sb. 给某人某物
bring sb. sth.=bring sth. to sb. 把某物带给某人
show sb. sth.=show sth. to sb. 给某人看某物
tell sb. sth.=tell sth. to sb. 告诉某人某物
sell sb. sth.=sell sth. to sb. 把某物卖给某人
(2) 形容词修饰复合不定代词（something/body/one, anything/body/one, nothing/body/one, everything/body/one）时，放在复合不定代词后面。
I have something important to tell you.
5. We took quite a few photos there. (P. 2)
take photos意为“拍照、照相”，take a photo/photos of sb./sth.意为“给……拍照”。
We took many photos on the Great Wall.
Could you take a photo of us?
6. I just stayed at home most of the time to read and relax. (P. 2)
most of表示“……中大多数”，后接可数名词或者不可数名词，作主语时，谓语动词单复数取决于后面所接名词的单复数。
Most of the food goes bad.
Most of us are going to the park.
7. No, I bought nothing. (P. 3)
nothing用作不定代词，表示“没有任何东西”，相当于not anything。
I did nothing special last month.=I didn’t do anything special last month.
8. Did everyone have a good time? (P. 3)
have a good time表示“玩得开心”，后接动词ing，表示“做某事很开心”，have a good time相当于enjoy oneself/have fun。
We had a good time at the party.
=We enjoyed ourselves at the party.
=We had fun at the party.
I had a good time playing with my friends on the playground.
9. How did you like it? (P. 3)
How do you like...?意为“你认为……怎么样”，相当于How do you feel about...?或者What do you think of...?
-How do you like the film?
-Wonderful.
10. Did you go shopping? (P. 3)
go shopping表示“去购物、去买东西”，相当于do some shopping。类似的短语还有：go swimming, go skating, go fishing, go hiking, go boating, go camping等。
I went shopping and bought something for my parents.
11. Of course! (P. 3)
of course意为“当然”，相当于sure或者certainly。
-May I borrow your dictionary?
-Of course!
12. Still no one seemed to be bored. (P. 3)
(1) seem用作系动词，表示“似乎、好像”，常用的结构有：seem+adj./to be/that+句子。
The story seems true.
What he said seemed to be a lie.
It seems that they are going to pull down the house.
(2) bored表示“感到厌倦的”，用来说明人的感受；boring表示“令人厌烦的、单调的”，用来说明事物的特征。
The film was so boring that almost anyone felt bored.
【拓展】以ed结尾的形容词，通常用来修饰或者描述人，以ing结尾的动词，通常用来修饰或者描述物，类似的形容词还有：interesting/interested; exciting/excited; surprising/surprised。
Section B
1. What activities do you find enjoyable? (P. 5)
(1) find这里表示“发现、觉得”，宾语后常接宾语补足语，常用的结构有：find sb./sth+n./adj./doing sth./介词短语。
The students find her a kind teacher.
I find the book useful.
When I passed his house,I found his wife cooking.
Finally, they found the boy in the tree.
(2) enjoyable是enjoy的形容词形式，表示“有趣的、令人愉快的”。
I’m sure that we will have an enjoyable vacation.
The job is enjoyable and I like it.
2. I arrived in Penang in Malaysia this morning with my family. (P. 5)
arrive作不及物动词，表示“到达”，接宾语时，需要加上介词in或者at。
例如：
When did you arrive?
We are arriving at the station at two o’clock.
【拓展】reach表示“到达”时，是及物动词，后面直接接表示地点的名词作宾语。另外两个表示“到达”的动词（get和arrive）都是不及物动词，get to+地点；arrive in/at+地点。
3. ...so we decided to go to the beach near our hotel. (P. 5)
decide表示“决定”时，常用的结构为：decide to do sth.“决定做某事”。
The government decided to build another school in this village.
4. My sister and I tried paragliding. (P. 5)
try doing sth. “尝试做某事”；try to do sth. “尽力做某事”。
The doctor tries to save the sick girl.
The boy tried playing the piano.
【拓展】try也可以用作名词，表示“尝试”，have a try表示“尝试一下”。
I’m going to have a try.
5. I felt like I was a bird. (P. 5)
feel like此处表示“感觉像”，后接从句。
He feels like he is swimming.
【拓展】feel like还可以表示“想要”，后接名词、代词或者动名词做宾语，feel like doing sth.=would like to do sth.=want to do sth.
Do you feel like going out for a walk with me?
=Would you like to go out for a walk with me?
=Do you want to go out for a walk with me?
6. There are a lot of new buildings now...(P. 5)
a lot of相当于lots of表示“许多”，可以用来修饰可数名词复数或者不可数名词。
There is a lot of rain in summer in this place.
【拓展】
只修饰不可数名词的量词有：a little, little, a great deal of, much, too much
只修饰可数名词的量词有：a few, few, several, many, too many, a number of
既可以修饰不可数名词也可以修饰可数名词的量词有：some, any, a lot of, lots of, plenty of
7. I wonder what life was like here in th past. (P. 5)
wonder表示“好奇、想知道”，后接whether/if, what, who, why等引导宾语从句。
I wonder what they are doing now.
I wonder if you can help me.
8. I really enjoyed walking around the town. (P. 5)
enjoy用作及物动词，表示“喜欢”，后接名词、代词或者动名词做宾语。
Do you enjoy music?
I don’t enjoy sleeping with the window open.
9. What a difference a day makes! (P. 5)
本句是what引导的感叹句，what引导的感叹句常用的结构有：“What+a/an+形容词+单数可数名词+主语+谓语”或者“What+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词+主语+谓语”。
What a beautiful flower!
What interesting books these are!
What heavy snow it is!
【拓展】how引导的感叹句的结构为“How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语”。
How beautiful the bird is!
How fast Mary runs!
10. We wanted to walk up to the top, but then it started raining a little so we decided to take the train. (P. 5)
(1) want表示“想要”时，为及物动词，后接不定式作宾语或者用于句型“want sb. to do sth.”中，表示“想要某人做某事”。
They don’t want to throw away the old furniture.
She wants her parents to pay for the car.
(2) start后常接名词、动词不定式或者动名词作宾语，用法相当于begin。
When shall we start the meeting?
Let’s start discussing/to discuss about the next problem.
11. We waited over an hour for the train because there are too many people. (P. 5)
(1) wait for sb./sth.“等待某人或者某事”；wait to do sth.“等待做某事”；can’t wait to do sth.“迫不及待做某事”
We are waiting for the result of the exam.
All the passengers are waiting to get on the bus.
The children can’t wait to rush out after the class is over.
(2) over此处表示“多于、超过”，相当于more than。
My father is over 40 years old.
(3) too much, much too和too many辨析
too much
太多（的）
用作形容词，修饰不可数名词
I have too much homework to do.
用作副词，修饰动词
Don’t eat too much.
much too
太
用作副词，修饰形容词和副词
The picture is much too beautiful.
too many
太多的
用作形容词，修饰可数名词复数
The little boy has too many questions to ask.
12. And because of the bad weather, we couldn’t see anything below. (P. 5)
(1) because of意为“因为、由于”，后接名词、代词或者动名词，because是连词，引导原因状语从句，后接一个句子。
He is late for school because of the bad weather.
=He is late for school because the weather is bad.
(2) below表示“在……以下、低于”，反义词是above，意为“在……之上，超过”。
It was five degrees below zero last night.
13. My father didn’t bring enough money...(P. 5)
(1) bring表示“带来”，强调从别的地方带到说话的地方，常与副词here连用；take表示“带走”，强调从说话的地方带去别的地方，常与副词there连用；carry表示“搬、抬”，没有方向性。
The students brought their homework to school in the morning and take them home after school.
(2) enough可以用作形容词，表示“足够的、充分的”，用来修饰名词，可以放在名词前面，也可以放在名词后面。
The rich man has enough money.
=The rich man has money enough.
【拓展】enough还可以用作副词，修饰形容词或者副词，放在形容词或者副词后面，常用的结构为：be +adj.+enough+to do sth.“足够……能够做某事”。
The boy is old enough to go to school.
The father works hard enough for his family.
14. Well, but the next day was not as good. (P. 5)
当我们要表示双方某方面(如年龄、身高等)程度相同或不同时，常用as…as或not as…as结构，表示“和……一样”或“和……不一样”。如：
Mary is as careful as Linda．玛丽和琳达一样仔细。
He does not run as fast as Tom．他跑步没有汤姆快。
15. ...because we forgot to bring an umbrella. (P. 6)
forget to do sth.“忘记做某事”，强调忘记去做某事，实际上也没有做；forget doing sth.“忘记做过某事”，强调已经做过某事，但是忘记了。
He forgot to take the message to his friend.
Don’t forget to lock the door when you leave.
Don’t you forget meeting me in the street yesterday?
16. Why not? (P. 8)
why not意为“为什么”，表示提出建议，后接动词原形，相当于why don’t you...?
Why not go to the party with me?
=Why don’t you go to the party with me?
17. Everyone in our class took a bag with some food and water. (P. 8)
with此处表示“具有、带有”，还可以表示“和……在一起”或者“用”。
I often go to school with my friends.
Cut the apple with a knife.
18. My legs were so tired that I wanted to stop. (P. 8)
so...that...意为“如此……以至于……”，用来引导结果状语从句，so是副词，后面接形容词或者副词。
Our school is so beautiful that everyone likes it.
He runs so fast that no one can catch up with him.
【拓展】such...that...引导结果状语从句，表示“如此……以至于……”，such后面接名词短语，名词前经常跟有形容词进行修饰。
He is such a smart boy that we all like him.
They are such experienced workers that they will solve the problem soon.
19. My classmates told me to keep going, so I went on. (P. 8)
(1) tell sb. to do sth.“告诉某人做某事”，tell sb. not to do sth.“告诉某人不要做某事”。
The teacher told us to clean the windows.
I told him not to draw on the wall.
(2) keep doing sth.表示“继续做某事、一直做某事”
She kept watching TV for two hours last night.
(3) go on表示“继续”，go on to do sth.表示“（完成一件事后）接着做另一件事”，go on doing sth./go on with sth.意为“继续做同一件事”。
She went on to become a doctor.
You can’t go on working without any rest.
We will go on with the discussion tomorrow.
20. Everyone jumped up and down in excitement. (P. 8)
up and down表示“上上下下、来来回回”。
They looked up and down.
He walks up and down in the room.
21. Twenty minutes later, the sun started to come up. (P. 8)
come up意为“升起、发生”。
It gets hot after the sun has come up.
Please let me know if anything comes up.
【重点短语和句型归纳】
一、 重点短语
1. go on vacation去度假
2. stay at home待在家里
3.go to the mountains去爬山
4.go to the beach去海滩
5.visit museums 参观博物馆
6.go to summer camp去参加夏令营
7.quite a few相当多
8.study for tests为测验而学习
9.go out出去
10.most of the time大部分时间
11.have a good time doing=have fun doing =enjoy oneself玩得高兴
12.of course=sure =certainly当然
13.feel like给……的感觉；感受到
14.go shopping去购物
15.in the past在过去
16.walk around四处走走
17.because of 因为
18. a/one bowl of… 一碗……
19. the next day第二天
20.drink tea喝茶
21.find out找出；查明
22.go on继续
23.take photos照相
24.something important重要的事
25.up and down上上下下
26.come up出来
27.come out 出版发行
28.go out with anyone 跟别人出去
29.say about 发表对…看法
30.rain hard 雨下得大
31.too much 太多
二、 重点句型
1.buy sth. for sb. / buy sb. sth.为某人买某物
2.taste / look/sound/smell good. 尝起来/看起来/听起来/闻起来不错
3.nothing…but+动词原形 除了……之外什么都没有
4.seem+（to be）+ adj. 看起来……
5.arrive in+大地点 / arrive at+小地点 /get to +地点/reach +地点 到达某地
6.decide to do sth.决定去做某事
7.try doing sth.尝试做某事 / try to do sth.尽力去做某事
8.forget doing sth.忘记做过某事/ forget to do sth.忘记做某事
9.enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事
10. want to do sth.想去做某事
11.start doing sth.开始做某事
12.stop doing sth. 停止做某事
13.dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事
14.keep doing sth.继续做某事 keep on doing sth 不停做某事
15.Why not do. sth.=why don’t you do sth为什么不做……呢？
16.so+adj.+that+从句 如此……以至于……
17.tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人（不要）做某事
18.enough +名词，形容词+enough
19.not really 真的没有
20.seem to do sth 似乎好像做某事
21.Bye for now!到这该说再见了。
22.How do you like …=What do you think of…=What do you think about… 你认为……怎么样
【语法讲解】
一 复合不定代词
1、 由some, any, no, every加上one, body, thing构成不定代词，成为复合不定代词。
one
body
thing
some
someone
somebody
something
any
anyone
anybody
anything
every
everyone
everybody
everything
no
no one
nobody
nothing
2、 用法
（1） 复合不定代词相当于名词，在句中可以用作主语、宾语和表语。
Someone is knocking at the door.
I don’t have anything to say today.
Money isn’t everything.
（2） 复合不定代词被形容词、动词不定式修饰时，形容词和动词不定式后置。
I have something important to tell you.
There is nothing wrong with the radio.
（3） 复合不定代词做主语时，表示单数概念，谓语动词用单词形式。
Everything begins to grow in spring.
（4） some-不定代词用在肯定句中或者表示请求的一般疑问句中；any-不定代词多用于疑问句中否定句中。
Will you ask someone to carry the box for me?
Would you like something to drink?
（5） anyone和anything也可以用在肯定句中，表示“任何人”和“任何事”。
Anyone can do it.
I can do anything for you.
二 一般过去时的规则动词和不规则动词
（一）规则变化
构成规则：
在动词末尾直接加-ed . 例如，work -worked , look -looked , play –played
以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，直接加-d . 例如，live –lived , hope –hoped , use –used
以辅音字母+y结尾的，变y为i再加-ed . 例如，study –studied , carry –carried , worry –worried
以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的，双写最后的辅音字母，再加-ed . 例如，stop –stopped , plan–planned
（二）不规则变化
1. 没有变化，即：与动词原形一样。例如，cut –cut , put –put , read –read
2. 变化元音，例如，write- wrote , know –knew , come –came
3. 变化辅音，例如，make –made , spend –spent , send –sent
4. 辅音和元音都变化，例如，leave –left , teach –taught , think –thought
5. 其他情况，例如，is –was , are –were , have –had
Unit 2 How often do you exercise?
【教材内容解析】
Section A
1. What do you usually do on weekends? (P. 9)
on weekends意为“在周末”，泛指每个周末，on the weekend则表示“在这个周末”，特指某个周末；在英式英语中，在周末也可以用at the weekend或者at weekends。
I like going fishing on weekends.
He wants to do something special on the weekend.
2. help with homework (P. 9)
help表示“帮助”时，常用的句型为：help sb. with sth. 帮助某人某事；help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事。
Can you help me with my homework?
He often helps his mother clean do housework.
3. sometimes (P. 9)
sometimes是频度副词，意为“有时”，相当于at times。
I sometimes play computer games on weekends.
【拓展】辨析sometimes, some times, sometime与some time
sometimes
有时
Sometimes he had lunch at school.
some times
几次、几倍
I’ve been to the museum some times.
sometime
某时
I will visit Daming sometime this summer vacation.
some time
一段时间
She has lived here for some time.
4. hardly ever (P. 9)
hardly作副词，表示“几乎不”；hard用作副词表示“努力地、猛烈地”，作形容词表示“硬的、困难的”。
He hardly works.
He works hard.
This is a hard work.
5. How often do you watch TV? (P. 9)
how often意为“多久一次”用来提问频率，常用表示频率的副词或者短语来回答，如twice a week, sometimes, every day, always等。
-How often do you play sports?
-Three times a week.
【拓展】辨析how long, how soon和how often
how long
“多长时间”，提问for和since引出的时间状语
---How long did you stay there?
---For about two weeks.
how soon
“多久”提问“in+一段时间”
---How soon will they come back?
---In two weeks.
how often
“多久一次”，提问动作发生的频率
---How often do you go home?
---Once a week.
how far
“多远”，提问距离的远近
---How far is it from your home to school?
---Three kilometres.
6. use the Internet (P. 10)
Internet作名词，表示“互联网、因特网”，常用的短语为：on the Internet“在互联网上”；surf the Internet“上网”。
You can find much useful information on the Internet.
Most of the students like surfing the Internet.
7. Hi, Claire, are you free next week? (P. 10)
free作形容词表示“空闲的、有空的”，be free相当于have time。
I will be free next week.
=I will have time next time.
【拓展】free作形容词，还可以表示“免费的、自由的”，be free to do sth.“自由地做某事”。
The tickets are free.
You are free to come and go.
8. How come? (P. 10)
How come意为“为什么呢、怎么回事”，用于询问某事为什么会发生，可以单独使用也可以后接陈述句。
How come you didn’t wait for me for a while?
9. Well, how about Tuesday? (P. 10)
How about相当于what about意为“怎么样”，用来征求对方意见或者询问情况，后接名词或者动名词。
It’s sunny today. How/What about playing tennis?
10. Oh, I have to play tennis with my friends. (P. 10)
have to表示“不得不、必须”，强调客观需求；must侧重主观上自己认为有必要做某事。
It is getting dark. I have to go home now.
We must care for our parents.
11. I go to the movies maybe once a month. (P. 11)
maybe作副词，表示“可能、也许”，常常放在句首，可以与may be相互转换。
Maybe he is a foreigner.
=He may be a foreigner.
12. How often do they stay up late? (P. 11)
stay up意为“熬夜”，表示“为……熬夜”时，用“stay up for sth.”。
It is a bad habit to stay up late.
13. He plays at least twice a week. (P. 11)
at least表示“至少”，反义词为at most“最多”。
There are at least 10,000 students in our school.
He can carry three boxes at most.
Section B
1. She says it’s good for my health. (P. 12)
(1) be good for意为“对……有益”，反义词是be bad for“对……有害”。
Doing sports is good for you.
(2) health是不可数名词，意为“健康”，in good health表示“很健康”，形容词为healthy，副词是healthily。
To keep healthy, you should eat healthily.
2. Last month we asked our students about their free time activities. (P. 13)
ask sb. about sth.意为“询问某人某事”。
Someone is asking Lucy about the wonderful building.
3. Here are the results. (P. 13)
here和there置于句首，谓语动词是be动词或者come, go等不及物动词时，主语为名词时，用倒装结构，即主谓调换位置，若主语是代词时，主谓不倒装。
Here comes the bus.
There he goes.
4. We found that only fifteen percent of our students exercise every day. (P. 13)
percent表示“百分之……”，常用“基数词+percent+of+名词”，“percent of+名词”作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于名词的单复数。
Seventy percent of the boys like playing computer games.
Ninety of the work is finished.
5. And twenty percent do not exercise at all!(P. 13)
not...at all意为“一点儿也不、根本不”；not at all表示“没关系、不用谢”。
I don’t know about it at all.
---Thank you very much.
---Not at all.
6. We all know that many students often go online...(P. 13)
此处oneline用作副词，表示“在线、联网”，也可以用作形容词，意为“在线的、联网的”。
Many people like buying things online.
The online games are popular with children.
7. The answers to our questions about watching television were also interesting. (P. 13)
名词answer后常跟介词to，表示“……的答案”，类似的名词还有key，solution，ticket。
Your answer to the question is right.
8. Although many students like to watch sports, game shows are the most popular. (P. 13)
although用作连词，表示“虽然、即使”，相当于though，用来引导让步状语从句。在英语中，although/though和but不能同时出现。
Although it rained heavily, the boys played outside.
=It rained heavily, but the boys played outside.
9. It is good to relax by using the Internet or watching game shows, but we think the best way to relax is through exercise. (P. 13)
(1) by可以用来表示方式，意为“通过”，后接名词或者动名词短语。
He usually goes to work by bus.
The man makes a living by selling newspapers.
(2) way表示“方法”时，后常接动词不定式或者of doing作定语。
Can you think out a way to open the door/of opening the door?
10. Exercise such as playing sports is fun, and you can spend time with your friends and family as you play together. (P. 13)
(1) such as一般用于列举同一类人或物中的一个例子，但必须数量少于前面所提及的总数，只能放在所列举的名词前；for example一般用于列举一个例子，后面经常加上一个句子，位置很灵活，可位于句首、句中，于被列举的事例之间用逗号隔开。
I like fruit; for example, I often eat bananas in the evening.
He knows several languages, such as English and Chinese.
(2) sb. spend+时间/金钱+on sth. “在某事上花费多长时间或者多少钱”； sb. spend+时间+(in) doing sth.“花费多长时间做某事”
The man spent the whole day on his speech.
The family spent 10,000 dollars on their trip.
The boy has spent two hours playing the computer games.
【拓展】辨析spend, pay, take和cost
spend
主语是人
spend...on sth./spend...(in) doing sth.
pay
主语是人
pay for sth./pay +金钱. for sth.
take
主语是it
It takes sb.+时间+to do sth.
cost
主语是物
sth. costs sb.+金钱
11. Jane is a 16-year-old high school student in the United States. (P. 15)
16-year-old意为“16岁的”，其中的名词用单数形式，在句中作定语，16 years old表示“16岁”，在句中作表语。
Li Bo is a seven-year old boy.
=Li Bo is seven years old.
12. However, she has some bad habits, too. (P. 15)
(1) however作副词，表示“但是、然而”，常位于句首，后面常常跟有逗号隔开。
The boy eats much every meal. However, he is very thin.
(2) also, too, as well与either都可以表示“也”，但是用法不同。
also
放在句中行为动词前，be动词、助动词和情态动词之后。
He also wants to go.
too
用于肯定句中，放在句尾，前面用逗号隔开。
He wants to go, either.
as well
用于肯定句中，放在句尾，前面不用逗号隔开。
He wants to go as well.
either
用于否定句句末。
He doesn’t want to go either
13. She says she is afraid. (P. 15)
be afraid of意为“害怕、不敢”，后接名词、代词或者动名词。
She is afraid of snakes.
I was afraid of going through the woods.
[拓展]
1. be afraid to do sth. 意为“胆小不敢做某事”。
He was afraid to go out at night.
2. be afraid that...意为“担心、害怕”。
He was afraid that he would lose.
3. I’m afraid表示“恐怕”。
-Can we go there on time?
-I am afraid not.
14. None (P. 16)
none表示“没有一个（人或物）”，是all“所有的人或物”的反义词，后常接介词of；另外，none强调某一类人或物数量的多少，常用来回答how many/much的提问；nobody(no one)/nothing强调个体，常用来回答what或者who的提问。
None of us agreed to his plan.
---How many students are there in the classroom?
---None.
---Who is knocking at the door?
---No one.
---Mum, I am a little hungry. I’d like some bread.
---Oh, there is none left in the bridge.
【重点短语和句型归纳】
三、 重点短语
1. help with housework帮助做家务
2. on weekends=on the weekend在周末
3. how often多久一次
4. hardly ever几乎从不
5. once a week每周一次
6. be free =be available有空
7. go to the movies去看电影
8. on the Internet在网上
9. swing dance摇摆舞
10. play tennis打网球 play+球类/棋类/中国乐器 play the +西洋乐器 11.stay up late熬夜；睡得很晚
12.at least至少 at most最多
13.have/take dance and piano lessons上舞蹈课和钢琴课
14.go to bed early早点睡觉
15. play sports=do sports进行体育活动
16. be good for对…有好处
17.go camping去野营
18. not…at all一点儿也不……
19.in one’s free time在某人的业余时间
20.the answers to the questions 问题的答案
21.such as比如；诸如
22.go to the dentist去看牙医
23.more than多于；超过 less than少于
四、 重点句型
1. help sb. with sth.帮助某人做某事
2.How about doing…?=what about doing ......怎么样？
3.want sb. to do sth.想让某人做某事
4.How many+可数名词复数+一般疑问句？ 有多少…?
5.主语+find+that从句. ……发现……
6.spend time with sb.和某人一起度过时光
7.It’s+ adj.+（for sb）+ to do sth. 对某人来说，做某事是……的。
8. ask sb. about sth.向某人询问某事
9.by doing sth. 通过做某事（回答how引导的疑问句）
10.What’s your favorite…?你最喜爱的…是什么？
11.the best way to do sth.做某事的最好方式
12.How come ?怎么回事？
【语法讲解】
频度副词
一、频度副词的含义
英语中常见的频度副词有usually, sometimes, always, often, seldom, never等，它们用来表示动作发生的频率，但是在程度上有所区别，频率由高到低依次是：always>usually>often>sometimes>seldom>never。频度副词放在be动词、情态动词和助动词之后，实义动词之前，对频率的提问用how often。
He’s always busy.
I never play a trick on others.
Sometimes I go to school by bus.
二、频度副词在句中的位置
频度副词一般放在实义动词之前，be动词、情态动词和助动词之后。
Lucy is sometimes busy.
I can hardly say a word.
They often have coffee at night.
Unit3 I’m more outgoing than my sister
【教材内容解析】
Section A
1. Both Sam and Tom can play the drums, but Sam plays them better than Tom. (P. 17)
both...and...意为“两者都”，并列两个主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。
Both Tom and Jim are interested in Math.
2. Tara works as hard as Tina. (P. 18)
as...as...意为“和……一样”，两个as中间用形容词或者副词原级。
He is as tall as his father.
I run as fast as he.
【拓展】not as...as...意为“不如……，比不上……”第一个as是副词，在否定句中可以换成so。
She doesn't study as/so hard as her brother.
Lucy is not as/so easygoing as Lily.
3. Oh, which one was Lisa?(P. 18)
which表示“哪一个”，表示在一定数量中进行选择；what用于选择范围较大或者不明确时，表示选择人或物的种类。
There are some books in the box. Which one is yours?
What is in the box?
4. You can tell that Lisa really wanted to win, though. (P. 18)
(1) win表示“赢得”后接比赛、奖项等表示物的名词作宾语；beat表示“打败”，后接某人、团队等表示人的名词作宾语。
They finally beat the other side and won the basketball match.
Who won the first prize in the singing contest.
(2) 这里的though作副词，表示“可是、然而”，放在句末，前用都好隔开。
Jim said that he would come. He didn’t, though.
5. But the most important thing is to learn something new and have fun. (P. 18)
(1) 此处动词不定式作表语，放在be动词后面。
My work is to clean the room every day.
His dream is to be a teacher.
(2) have fun意为“玩得高兴”，后接动名词。
Did you have fun visiting that country?
Section B
1. ...is talented in music. (P. 20)
talented作形容词，表示“有才能的、有天赋的”，be talented in表示“在……方面有天赋”。
Li Yundi is talented in swimming.
2. ...truly cares about me. (P. 20)
care about意为“关心、在意”。
Thy cared about their uncle a lot.
3. ...makes me laugh. (P. 20)
(1) make sb. do sth.“使某人做某事”；make sb./sth.+形容词 “使某人/某物怎么样”
His parents made him stay at home.
The news made us excited.
(2) laugh表示“笑、发笑”，laugh at表示“嘲笑”。
Don’t laugh at others.
4. serious (P. 20)
此处serious表示“严肃的、稳重的”，另外serious还可以表示“严重的、认真的”，be serious about意为“对……认真”。
Is she serious about giving up her job?
5. That’s why I like reading books and I study harder in class. (P. 21)
That’s why...意为“那是为什么……”，强调结果；that’s because表示“那是因为……”，强调原因。
That’s why I didn’t want to leave here.
That’s because he is not old enough.
6. I’m shy so it’s not easy for me to make friends. (P. 21)
(1)本句结构为“It’s+adj.+for sb.+to do sth.”结构，意为“做某事对某人来说……”，此结构中的形容词多为描述事物特征的词，如easy, important, dangerous, necessary等。
It is important for you to study hard.
It is not easy to learn a foreign language.
【拓展】It’s+adj.+of sb.+to do sth.意为“某人做某事是……的”，此结构中的形容词多是kind, nice, right, wrong, clever, foolish,polite等描述行为者性格、品质的词。
It is very kind of you to lend me so much money.
(2) make friends表示“交朋友”，后常接介词with，表示“和某人交朋友”。
He likes making friends with others.
7. ...you don’t need a lot of them as long as they’re good. (P. 21)
as long as意为“只要”，引导条件状语从句，从句用一般现在时表示将来。
You will get good grades as long as you work hard.
8. My best friend Larry is quite different from me. (P. 21)
be different from意为“与……不同”，反义词是the same as“和……相同”。
The car is different from that one.
This bag is the same as that one.
9. However, Larry often helps to bring out the best in me. (P. 21)
bring out意为“使显现、使表现出”。
I want to bring out the meaning of the poem.
10. Larry is much less hard-working, though. (P. 21)
less用于形容词或者副词比较级之前，意为“不如、赶不上”，相当于not as/so...as...。
Lesson One is less interesting than Lesson Two.
=Lesson One is not as interesting as Lesson Two.
11. I always get better grades than he does, so maybe I should help him more. (P. 21)
get better grades意为“取得好成绩”，grade作名词，可以表示“成绩、等级”。
If you study hard, you will get good grades.
12. I don’t really care if my friends are the same as me or different. (P. 21)
(1) if此处引导宾语从句，表示“是否”，相当于whether。
I wonder if he can help us with the problem.
(2) the same as 表示“与……相同”，反义词为be different from“与……不同”。
My answer is the same as yours.
13. A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart. (P. 21)
(1) reach for one’s hand意为“伸手帮某人一把”，reach这里是不及物动词，意为“伸出（手臂、胳膊）”。
Can you reach for my hand?
(2) touch one’s hand意为“打动某人的心、令某人感动的”。
The story touches my heart.
14. In fact, she is funnier than anyone I know. (P. 21)
in fact意为“事实上、实际上”，相当于as a matter of fact或者actually。
In fact, she is talented in music.
15. We can talk about and share everything. (P. 21)
(1) talk是不及物动词，后接宾语时，需要加上介词，talk about sth.“谈论某事”；talk with sb.“同某人谈话”。
They are talking about their hobbies.
(2) share表示“分享、合用”时，常用的结构为share sth. (with sb.)“（同某人）分享某物”。
The boy doesn’t want to share toys with other children.
16. I’m different from Jeff because I’m louder than the other kids in my class. (P. 22)
other, the other, another, others和the others辨析
other: 意为“别的、其它的”，常用来修饰可数名词。
the other: 表示“两者中另一个”，是特指；the other之后也可以加复数名词，特指“其它的”。
another: 表示“三者中另一个”。
others: 用作代词，泛指“其他的人或物”是复数概念。
the others: 特指在一个整体中的“其余的人或物（全部）”。
We study Chinese, English, Math and other subjects.
There are three people in the room. One is a girl and the other two are boys.
You should think of others.
There are fifty-five students in our class. Thirty of us are girls and the others are boys.
17. My best friend is similar to Larry. (P. 22)
be similar to意为“与……类似”。
Your handwriting is similar to his.
18. Call the English Study Center at 443-5667 for more information. (P. 24)
(1) call...at...意为“拨打……找……”。
Please call Mr. Green at 473-8989.
(2) information是不可数名词，表示“一条消息”用a piece of information。
You can get more information through the Internet.
【重点短语和句型归纳】
五、 重点短语
1. more outgoing更外向
2.as+形容词/副词原形as…与……一样 not as/so…as不如
3.the singing competition唱歌比赛
4.be similar to与……相像的/类似的
5.care about关心；介意 take care of =look after照顾
6.be like a mirror像一面镜子
7.the most important最重要的
8.as long as只要；既然
9.bring out使显现；使表现出
10.get better grades取得更好的成绩
11.reach for伸手取
12.in fact事实上；实际上
13.make friends交朋友
14.one…,the other… 一个…，另一个
15.touch one’s heart感动某人
16.be talented in music有音乐天赋
17.share everything 分享一切
18.talk about 谈论
六、 重点句型
1. have fun doing sth. 做某事有乐趣
2. want to do sth. 想要做某事
3. as+形容词或者副词原级+as 与……一样……
4. be good at doing sth. 擅长做某事
5. make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事
6. It’s+形容词+for/of sb. to do sth. 做某事对某人来说是怎么样的
7. That’s why...这就是……的原因
【语法讲解】
形容词和副词的比较级
① 形容词比较级的变化规则。
I. 规则变化
构成法
原级
比较级
最高级
单音节词+er/est
short
shorter
shortest
cold
colder
coldest
以不发音e结尾的词+r/st
wide
wider
widest
large
larger
largest
单个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词，双写末尾辅音字母+er/est
big
bigger
biggest
hot
hotter
hottest
以辅音字母+y结尾的词，变y为i+er/est
heavy
heavier
heaviest
busy
busier
busiest
多音节词在前面+more/most
important
more important
most important
beautiful
more beautiful
most beautiful
II. 不规则变化
原级
比较级
最高级
good/well
better
best
bad/badly/ill
worse
worst
old
older/elder
oldest/eldest
many/much
more
most
little
less
least
far
farther/further
farthest/furthest
② 形容词比较级用法。
I. 比较级用于两者进行比较，结构为“A is 比较级 than B”。
e.g: 1. My bike is more beautiful than hers.我的自行车比她的漂亮。
2. He works harder than before. 他工作比以前努力。
II. 表示两者之间选择，用“which/who is 比较级，A or B？”表示“两者之间较……之一”时，用“the + 比较级”结构。
e.g: 1. Which is nearer to the sun, the moon or the earth? 哪个离太阳更近，月球还是地球？
2. He is the thinner of the two. 他是两人中较瘦的那个。
III.“越来越……”用“比较级and 比较级”结构，多音节和部分双音节词用“more and more 原级”。
e.g: 1. The weather is becoming colder and colder. 天气变得越来越冷了。
2. She is becoming more and more beautiful. 她变得越来越美了。
IV. 表示“越……越……”时，用“the+比较级，the+比较级”结构。
e.g: The more careful you are, the more points you will get. 你越细心，得分越多。
Unit4 What's the best movie theater?
【教材内容解析】
Section A
1. comfortable seat. (P. 25)
seat作名词，表示“座位”，常用短语为book a seat“预定座位”；take/have a seat“坐下”。
There are enough seats in the meeting room.
Take/have a seat.
2. close to home (P. 25)
close此处用作形容词，表示“离……近”，常用的句型为be close to“靠近”，反义词是far。
The cinema is close to my home.
3. You can buy clothes the most cheaply there. (P. 26)
cheaply这里是副词，表示“便宜地、低廉地”。
His parents live as cheaply as possible.
4. The DJs choose songs the most carefully. (P. 26)
choose用作及物动词，表示“选择”，后接名词或者不定式作宾语，名词形式为choice。
They are choosing food for the party tonight.
He chose to sing an English song.
5. Can I ask you some questions? (P. 26)
some意为“一些”，常用语肯定句中，用于疑问句中，表示提出建议、请求并期待给予肯定回答。
---Can I have some bread?
---Of course. Here you are.
6. How do you like it so far? (P. 26)
so far意为“到目前为止、迄今为止”。
Have you got any information about him so far?
7. Thanks for telling me. (P. 26)
thanks for意为“因……而感谢”，后接名词或者动名词，相当于thank you for...。
Thanks a lot for your help.
Thank you for telling me the news.
【拓展】thanks for表示“因……而感谢”，thanks to表示“幸亏、由于”。
8. No problem. (P. 26)
no problem用来回答别人的感谢，意为“不用谢、别客气”，相当于You’re welcome或者Not at all。No problem还可以表示“没问题”，表示乐意去做某事。
---Thank you very much.
---No problem.
---Could you post the letter for me?
---No problem.
9. It has the worst service. (P. 27)
service作名词，表示“服务”，动词为serve，表示“为……服务”。
The restaurant gives bad service.
Science serves the people.
10. I think 970 AM is pretty bad. (P. 27)
pretty此处用作副词，意为“相当、十分”。
Both of them are pretty hard-working.
11. 10 minutes by bus. (P. 27)
10 minutes by bus意为“乘公交车需要10分钟”，表示距离，而不是时间，提问时用how far，类似的表达还有：15 minutes’ walk, two hours by train.
Section B
1. most creative (P. 28)
creative作形容词，表示“有创造性的”，动词形式为create“创造”。
He is a creative singer.
This idea is very creative.
2. Who was the best performer? (P. 28)
performer用作名词，表示“演员、表演者”，performance意为“演出、表演”，perform是动词，意为“表演”。
He wants to be a famous singer.
This performance is successful.
3. It’s always interesting to watch other people show their talents. (P. 29)
watch sb. do sth.“观看某人做某事”，强调事情发生的全过程；watch sb. doing sth.“看见某人正在做某事”，强调动作正在发生。
I watched him get into the room quickly.
He watched them eating.
4. Talents shows are getting more and more popular. (P. 29)
“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”。
It is getting colder and colder.
Our school is becoming more and more beautiful.
5. Now, there are similar shows around the world, such as China’s Got Talent.(P. 29)
around the world意为“世界各地”，相当于all over the world或者throughout the world。
The Great Wall attracts visitors from around the world.
6. All these shows have one thing in common. (P. 29)
have...in common意为“有共性”。
He and his brother has nothing in common.
The twins have much in common.
7. ...the funniest actors and so on. (P. 29)
and so on意为“等等”，用在所举例子的后面。
This shop sells trousers, shoes, hats and so on.
8. All kinds of people join these shows. (P. 29)
(1) all kinds of表示“各种各样的”，a kind of“一种”，different kinds of“不同种类的”。
Children take part in all kinds of activities in school.
(2) join这里作及物动词，意为“参加”，指加入某个党派、团体或者组织，成为其中一员。
We are playing football. Will you join us?
He wants to join the reading club because he loves reading.
【拓展】join, join in与take part in的区别
join指加入某个党派、团体或者组织，也可以加入到某人当中去。
join in指参加小规模的活动，如唱歌、游戏等。
take part in指参加某项活动，并在其中发挥积极的作用。
9. That’s up to you to decide. (P. 29)
be up to sb.意为“由某人来决定”，常用的句型为“It’s up to sb. to do sth.”。
It’s up to me to help you with your English.
Whether we will go to the zoo is up to my father.
10. When people watch the show, they usually play a role in deciding the winner. (P. 29)
play a role in意为“在……中发挥作用或者扮演什么角色”。
Schools play the most important role in education.
The actress plays the leading the role in the film.
11. And the winner always gets a very good prize. (P. 29)
get a prize意为“获得奖品”，prize用作可数名词，表示“奖品”。
Li Ming got different prizes at the sports meeting.
12. However, not everybody enjoys watching these shows. (P. 29)
not与every以及含有every的不定代词连用时，表示部分否定，意为“并不是每个人都……”。
Not everyone is interested in the film.
13. Some think that the lives of the performers are made up. (P. 29)
make up此处意为“编造（故事、谎言）”，另外，make up还可以表示“化妆”。
The story is made up.
She likes making herself up every morning.
14. For example, some people say they are poor farmers but in fact they are just actors. (P. 29)
for example意为“例如”，用来举例说明。
Students like junk food. For example, they often eat hamburgers for lunch.
[拓展] for example一般用于列举一个例子，后面经常加上一个句子，位置很灵活，可位于句首、句中，于被列举的事例之间用逗号隔开；such as一般用于列举同一类人或物中的一个例子，但必须数量少于前面所提及的总数，只能放在所列举的名词前。
I like fruit; for example, I often eat bananas in the evening.
He knows several languages, such as English and Chinese.
15. However, if you don’t take these shows too seriously, they are fun to watch. (P. 29)
seriously此处是副词，意为“严肃地、认真地”，take...seriously表示“认真对待……；把……当真”。
I just joked, but he took it seriously.
16. And one great thing about them is that they give people a way to make their dreams come true. (P. 29)
come true意为“实现、成为现实”。
Your dream will come true as long as you study hard.
17. ...is at one of the small coffee shops near the park. (P. 31)
one of...“……之一”，后接名词或者代词复数，one of+the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数，意为“最……的之一”。
He is one of my friends.
Yi Jianlian is one of the most famous basketball players in China.
【重点短语和句型归纳】
七、 重点短语
1. movie theater电影院
2. close to…离……近
3. clothes store服装店
4.in town在镇上
5.so far到目前为止
6. 10 minutes by bus坐公共汽车10分钟的路程
7. talent show才艺表演
8. have …in common有相同特征的 in common 共同，共有
9. around the world世界各地；全世界
10. more and more……越来越……
11. and so on等等
12. all kinds of……各种各样的 kind of 稍微，有点 what kind of 哪种类型的
13. be up to是……的职责；由……决定
14. not everybody并不是每个人
15. make up编造（故事、谎言等）
16. for example例如
17. take…seriously认真对待
18. give sb. sth.=give sth to sb 给某人某物
19.come true（梦想、希望）实现；达到
20.play a role in doing =play a part in doing 在…方面发挥作用/有影响
21.comfortable seats舒适的座位
22.big screens大屏幕
23.buy tickets quickly 买票快
24.waiting time 等待时间
25.my way around 周围的路
26.get a very good prize得到一个非常不错的奖品
八、 重点句型
1.Can I ask you some…?我能问你一些……吗？
2.Thanks for doing sth.因做某事而感谢。
3.See/watch sb. do sth.观看某人做某事
4.one of+可数名词的复数 ……之一
5.can’t wait to do sth 迫不及待做某事 wait for 等待
6.What do the people say about the performers? 人们对这些表演者有何评论？
7.be fun to do sth 很高兴要去做某事 be fun doing sth 很高兴一直做某事
8.make one’s dream come true 愿某人梦想成真
【语法讲解】
形容词和副词最高级
一、 变化规则
I. 规则变化
构成法
原级
最高级
单音节词+est
short
shortest
cold
coldest
以不发音e结尾的词+st
wide
widest
large
largest
单个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词，双写末尾辅音字母+est
big
biggest
hot
hottest
以辅音字母+y结尾的词，变y为i+est
heavy
heaviest
busy
busiest
多音节词在前面+most
important
most important
beautiful
most beautiful
II. 不规则变化
原级
最高级
good/well
best
bad/badly/ill
worst
old
oldest/eldest
many/much
most
little
least
far
farthest/furthest
二、用法
I. 表示三者及以上人或物进行比较时用最高级，结构为“the + 最高级+in/of + 范围”。
e.g: 1. The picture is the best of all. 这幅画是所有画中最好的。
2. She is the most beautiful girl in the class. 她是班上最美的女孩。
II. 表示在三者及以上之间选择，用“which/who is the+最高级，A, B or C？”。
e.g: Who is the tallest, Tom, Kate or Bill? 汤姆、凯特、比尔，谁最高？
III. 表示“最……之一”用“one of the最高级+可数名词复数”。
e.g: She is one of the most popular teachers in our school. 她是我们学校最受欢迎的老师之一。
IV. 形容词最高级前面加序数词，表示“第几……”。
e.g: She is the second tallest girl in our class. 她是我班上第二高的女孩。
V. 比较级和最高级之间的互换。
例如：
He is taller than any other boy in our class.
= He is taller than the other boys in our class.
= He is the tallest boy in our class.
注意比较以下两个句子：
Shanghai is larger than any other city in China.（范围之内）
= Shanghai is larger than any city in Japan.（范围之外）
Unit 5 Do you want to watch a game show?
【教材内容解析】
Section A
1. What do you think of talk shows? (P. 33)
show用作可数名词，意为“节目”，talk show表示“访谈节目”。
He is a talk show host.
What’s your favourite TV show?
【拓展】show用作名词，还可以表示“展览、表演”，on show表示“在展览中”，另外，show还可以用作及物动词，表示“给……看、展示”。
Some famous paintings are on show now.
Can you show your new phone to me?
2. I don’t mind them. (P. 33)
① mind doing sth. 介意做某事
Would you mind opening the window please?
② mind sb’s/sb doing sth. 介意某人做某事
Do you mind my/me calling you at night?
3. news (P. 33)
news用作不可数名词，表示“新闻”，a piece of news表示“一则新闻”，news在句中作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
The news makes the children excited.
No news is good news.
4. can’t stand (P. 33)
stand此处用作及物动词，表示“忍受”，用于否定句和疑问句中，can’t/couldn’t stand doing sth.“不能忍受做某事”。
I can't stand the bad weather.
He can’t stand living here any longer.
5. Then let’s watch a talk show. (P. 33)
(1) let作使役动词，意为“允许、让”，let sb. (not) do sth.“让某人做某事”。
Let me help you with the housework.
(2) watch是及物动词，意为“观看、注视”。
The girl often watches TV at home.
【拓展】watch, read, look和see辨析
watch指全神贯注、目不转睛地看，强调看活动的画面，如电视、球赛等，含有欣赏的味道；
read看有文字内容的东西，如看书、看报、看杂志等。
look强调看的动作，但不一定能看到；
see强调看的结果
I’m watching TV, and I see a boy and a girl. The boy is reading a book and the girl is looking at a picture.
6. Lin Hui thinks she can learn some great jokes from sitcoms. (P. 34)
learn...from...意为“从……学到……”，learn常用的结构还有：learn from“向……学习”，learn about“了解”，learn to do sth.“学习做某事”。
What did you learn from the story?
We should learn from each other.
Are you learning to use the computer?
7. She plans to watch Days of Our Past tonight. (P. 34)
① plan作动词，常用的结构有：plan for sth.“为某事做计划”；plan to do sth.“计划做某事”。
The are planning for the party tonight.
What do you plan to do this summer holiday?
② plan也可以用作名词，用于make a plan for结构中，表示“为……做计划”。
We should make a plan for the future.
8. Because I hope to find out what’s going on around the world. (P. 34)
(1) hope用作及物动词，表示“希望”，常用的结构为：hope to do sth. 希望做某事；hope that+句子 希望……。
I hope to travel around the world.
I hope that he will get better sooner.
【拓展】wish用作动词，常用的结构有：wish to do sth.“希望做某事”；wish sb. to do sth.“希望某人做某事”；wish that+句子“祝愿……”。
I wish to travel around the world.
How I wish you to study hard！
He wishes that he could fly to the moon.
(2) find, look for和find out辨析
find意为“找到”，强调寻找的结果；look for意为“寻找”，强调寻找的过程；find out意为“查明”，多指通过调查、询问、研究之后“搞清楚、弄明白”之意，通常含有通过困难曲折之意，多指找出较难找到的、无形的、抽象的东西。
I looked for it everywhere, but I could not find it.
Please find out when the train leaves.
9. We had a discussion about TV shows. (P. 34)
have a discussion about意为“讨论关于……”，discussion是discuss的名词形式。
We had a discussion about buying a house.
10. I like to follow the story and see what happens next. (P. 34)
happen表示“发生”的时候，作不及物动词，常用的结构为：sth. happens to sb.“某人发生了某事”。
An accident happened to him yesterday and now he lies in hospital.
【拓展】happen为不及物动词，意为“发生”，常用于偶然或者突发性事件，take place指经过事先安排的事件发生。
An accident happened in that street.
The story took place last month.
11. Well, they may not be very exciting, but you can expect to learn a lot from them. (P. 34)
(1) may情态动词，这里表示“可能、也许”，may not意为“可能不”；另外，may作情态动词， 还可以表示“许可、准许”。
They may go to the beach next week.
May/Can I go to the cinema tonight?
(2) expect to do sth. 期待做某事；expect sb. to do sth. 期待某人做某事
The fans are expecting to see the football star.
The man expects his son to pass the exam successfully.
12. I hope to be a TV reporter one day. (P. 34)
one day可以表示过去或者将来的某一天，表示将来某一天时，可与some day互换；some day表示将来的某一天。
One day I met my Chinese teacher on the street.
He will come to know it some/one day.
13. You can learn some great jokes. (P. 35)
joke用作可数名词，表示“笑话、玩笑”，常用的短语为：tell a joke/jokes讲笑话；play a joke on sb.开某人玩笑。
He likes telling jokes.
Tom played a joke on me just now.
Section B
1. meaningless (P. 36)
meaningless用作形容词，表示“毫无意义的”，反义词是meaningful“有意义的”。
It is meaningless to spend so much time on the Internet.
We should live a meaningful life.
2. But one very famous symbol in America culture is a cartoon. (P. 37)
famous表示“出名的、著名的”，相当于known，常用的结构为：be famous for“因……而出名”；be famous as“作为……而出名”。
The writer is famous for his novels.
The professor is famous as an expert in cancer.
3. Over 80 years ago, he first appeared in the cartoon Steamboat Willie. (P. 37)
appear作不及物动词，表示“出现”，反义词是disappear，表示“消失”。
The sun appears slowly on the sea.
【拓展】appear也可以作系动词，后接形容词或者to be。
What he said appeared wrong.
His idea appears to be a good one.
4. When this cartoon came out in New York on November 18, 1928, it was the first cartoon with sound and music. (P. 37)
come out此处表示“发行、出版”，另外还可以表示“出来、开花”。
My first book came out in 2003.
The sun is coming out.
Some flowers began to come out.
5. In the 1930s, he made 87 cartoons with Mickey. (P. 37)
in the 1930s意为“在20世纪30年代”，表示“在……世纪……年代”要用“in the 年份s/’s”。
in the 1970s/1970’s 在20世纪70年代
6. Some people might ask how this cartoon animal became so popular. (P. 37)
might作情态动词，意为“可能、也许”，表示推测，语气较弱。
Your uncle might come to the party, but I’m not sure.
7. one of the main reasons is that Mickey was like a common man, but he always tried to face any danger. (P. 37)
(1) reason用作可数名词表示“原因”，常与介词of连用，表示“……的原因”。
You have no reason for doing that.
(2) face这里用作及物动词，表示“面临、面对”。
You should face the fact.
8. However, he was always ready to try his best. (P. 37)
(1) be/get ready for sth.“为……做准备”；be/get ready to do sth.“准备做某事、乐意做某事”
The students are reviewing lessons to get ready for the coming final exams.
The kind girl is ready to help anyone in trouble.
(2) try one’s best意为“尽力”，相当于do one’s best，try/do one’s best to do sth.“尽力做某事”。
Tom is trying his best to reach the top of the mountain.
9. What is Mickey Mouse a symbol of? (P. 38)
a symbol of意为“……的象征”。
For the whole world, pandas have become the symbol of China.
10. She dressed up like a boy and takes her father’s place to fight in the army. (P. 39)
(1) dress up意为“乔装打扮、装扮”。
Girls like dressing up as princesses.
【拓展】辨析wear, put on和dress
wear
穿着
侧重于穿戴的状态
The girl wears a red coat today.
put on
穿上
侧重于穿戴的动作
Put on your coat. It is cold outside.
dress
给……穿衣服
指给自己或者他人穿衣服
The boy is too young to dress himself.
(2) take sb’s place意为“替代、替换”，相当于take the place of。
I had to go out for learning, so Amy took my place at the meeting.
11. ...they did a good job in the movie. (P. 39)
do a good job意为“干得好”，相当于do well。
She did a good job in the talent show.
12. ...and you want to see something enjoyable, choose Mulan! (P. 39)
形容词修饰不定代词时，放在不定代词后面。
There's something interesting in the newspaper.
【重点短语和句型归纳】
九、 重点短语
1. think of认为
2. learn from从……获得；向……学习
3. find out查明；弄清楚
4. talk show谈话节目
5. watch a movie看电影
6. a pair of一双；一对
7. try one’s best to do sth尽某人最大努力做某事
8.have a discussion about就……讨论
9.one day（过去/将来）有一天 some day 将来某一天
10.dress up打扮；梳理
11.take sb.’s place代替；替换
12.do a good job干得好
13.something enjoyable令人愉快的东西
14.interesting information有趣的资料
15. look like看起来像
16. a symbol of……的象征
17.over 80 years ago80多年前
18.face any danger 面对任何危险
19.be famous for 因…而著名 be famous as+职业作为..而出名
20. in the cartoon 在卡通片中
十、 重点句型
1. let sb. do sth.让某人做某事
2.plan to do sth.计划/打算做某事
3. hope to do sth.希望做某事 happen to do sth.碰巧做某事
expect to do sth.盼望做某事 be ready to do sth.乐于做某事
4.be serious about对…当真
5.I can’t stand them我无法忍受他们
6.I don’t mind them.我不介意他们
【语法讲解】
动词不定式作宾语
① 常见的能带动词不定式作宾语的动词有：want，like，love，wish，hope，need，try，ask，seem，help，learn，decide，plan，start，begin，forget，remember，choose ，prepare，agree等。
Kate wants to be a doctor when she grows up．
He decided to buy a new MP4．
We all hope to go to Taizhou next month．
I don’t like to be late for school.
I forgot to bring the MP4 hem.
② 有些动词后面接复合宾语时，常用it作形式宾语，而真正的宾语则由动词不定式来担当，并位于宾语补足语之后。常见的这样的动词有find，think，feel，make等。
I find it interesting to play computer games我发现玩电脑游戏很有趣。
We all think it very difficult to finish the work in an hour.
③ “疑问词+不定式”结构
疑问词who，what，which，when，where和how后接动词不定式可在句中作宾语、主语、表语。
I don’t know What to do next．
Can you tell me how to get to the hospital?
人教版英语八年级上册期中考试（Unit 1-Unit 5）知识点总结
Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation?
【教材内容解析】
Section A
1. Where did you go on vacation? (P. 1)
on vacation意为“在度假”，结构“on+名词”表示“在某种状态中”。
My family went to Hainan on vacation last year.
2. ...visited my uncle (P. 1)
visit此处用作及物动词，后接人或物做宾语，意为“拜访、看望”，后接表示地点的名词，意为“参观、游览”。
I visited my grandmother last week.
Do you want to visit Shanghai?
3. ...go with anyone? (P. 2)
(1) anyone用作不定代词，意为“有人、任何人”，相当于anybody，用于疑问句和否定句中，在肯定句中用someone或者somebody。但是anyone也可以用在肯定句中，表示“任何一个人”。
Did you meet anyone friendly in that city?
Anyone can be helpful in some way.
(2) anyone只能指人，不可以指物，后面不接of短语；any one既可以指人也可以指物，后可接of短语。
Anyone in my class knows any one of the singers and any one of their sons.
4. ...buy anything special? (P. 2)
(1) buy用作双宾语动词，表示“买”，常用的结构为“buy sb. sth.”或者“buy sth. for sb.”，表示“为某人买某物”。
My father bought me a bike.=My father bought a bike for me.
【拓展】可接双宾语的动词还有give, bring, show, tell, sell等。
give sb. sth.=give sth. to sb. 给某人某物
bring sb. sth.=bring sth. to sb. 把某物带给某人
show sb. sth.=show sth. to sb. 给某人看某物
tell sb. sth.=tell sth. to sb. 告诉某人某物
sell sb. sth.=sell sth. to sb. 把某物卖给某人
(2) 形容词修饰复合不定代词（something/body/one, anything/body/one, nothing/body/one, everything/body/one）时，放在复合不定代词后面。
I have something important to tell you.
5. We took quite a few photos there. (P. 2)
take photos意为“拍照、照相”，take a photo/photos of sb./sth.意为“给……拍照”。
We took many photos on the Great Wall.
Could you take a photo of us?
6. I just stayed at home most of the time to read and relax. (P. 2)
most of表示“……中大多数”，后接可数名词或者不可数名词，作主语时，谓语动词单复数取决于后面所接名词的单复数。
Most of the food goes bad.
Most of us are going to the park.
7. No, I bought nothing. (P. 3)
nothing用作不定代词，表示“没有任何东西”，相当于not anything。
I did nothing special last month.=I didn’t do anything special last month.
8. Did everyone have a good time? (P. 3)
have a good time表示“玩得开心”，后接动词ing，表示“做某事很开心”，have a good time相当于enjoy oneself/have fun。
We had a good time at the party.
=We enjoyed ourselves at the party.
=We had fun at the party.
I had a good time playing with my friends on the playground.
9. How did you like it? (P. 3)
How do you like...?意为“你认为……怎么样”，相当于How do you feel about...?或者What do you think of...?
-How do you like the film?
-Wonderful.
10. Did you go shopping? (P. 3)
go shopping表示“去购物、去买东西”，相当于do some shopping。类似的短语还有：go swimming, go skating, go fishing, go hiking, go boating, go camping等。
I went shopping and bought something for my parents.
11. Of course! (P. 3)
of course意为“当然”，相当于sure或者certainly。
-May I borrow your dictionary?
-Of course!
12. Still no one seemed to be bored. (P. 3)
(1) seem用作系动词，表示“似乎、好像”，常用的结构有：seem+adj./to be/that+句子。
The story seems true.
What he said seemed to be a lie.
It seems that they are going to pull down the house.
(2) bored表示“感到厌倦的”，用来说明人的感受；boring表示“令人厌烦的、单调的”，用来说明事物的特征。
The film was so boring that almost anyone felt bored.
【拓展】以ed结尾的形容词，通常用来修饰或者描述人，以ing结尾的动词，通常用来修饰或者描述物，类似的形容词还有：interesting/interested; exciting/excited; surprising/surprised。
Section B
1. What activities do you find enjoyable? (P. 5)
(1) find这里表示“发现、觉得”，宾语后常接宾语补足语，常用的结构有：find sb./sth+n./adj./doing sth./介词短语。
The students find her a kind teacher.
I find the book useful.
When I passed his house,I found his wife cooking.
Finally, they found the boy in the tree.
(2) enjoyable是enjoy的形容词形式，表示“有趣的、令人愉快的”。
I’m sure that we will have an enjoyable vacation.
The job is enjoyable and I like it.
2. I arrived in Penang in Malaysia this morning with my family. (P. 5)
arrive作不及物动词，表示“到达”，接宾语时，需要加上介词in或者at。
例如：
When did you arrive?
We are arriving at the station at two o’clock.
【拓展】reach表示“到达”时，是及物动词，后面直接接表示地点的名词作宾语。另外两个表示“到达”的动词（get和arrive）都是不及物动词，get to+地点；arrive in/at+地点。
3. ...so we decided to go to the beach near our hotel. (P. 5)
decide表示“决定”时，常用的结构为：decide to do sth.“决定做某事”。
The government decided to build another school in this village.
4. My sister and I tried paragliding. (P. 5)
try doing sth. “尝试做某事”；try to do sth. “尽力做某事”。
The doctor tries to save the sick girl.
The boy tried playing the piano.
【拓展】try也可以用作名词，表示“尝试”，have a try表示“尝试一下”。
I’m going to have a try.
5. I felt like I was a bird. (P. 5)
feel like此处表示“感觉像”，后接从句。
He feels like he is swimming.
【拓展】feel like还可以表示“想要”，后接名词、代词或者动名词做宾语，feel like doing sth.=would like to do sth.=want to do sth.
Do you feel like going out for a walk with me?
=Would you like to go out for a walk with me?
=Do you want to go out for a walk with me?
6. There are a lot of new buildings now...(P. 5)
a lot of相当于lots of表示“许多”，可以用来修饰可数名词复数或者不可数名词。
There is a lot of rain in summer in this place.
【拓展】
只修饰不可数名词的量词有：a little, little, a great deal of, much, too much
只修饰可数名词的量词有：a few, few, several, many, too many, a number of
既可以修饰不可数名词也可以修饰可数名词的量词有：some, any, a lot of, lots of, plenty of
7. I wonder what life was like here in th past. (P. 5)
wonder表示“好奇、想知道”，后接whether/if, what, who, why等引导宾语从句。
I wonder what they are doing now.
I wonder if you can help me.
8. I really enjoyed walking around the town. (P. 5)
enjoy用作及物动词，表示“喜欢”，后接名词、代词或者动名词做宾语。
Do you enjoy music?
I don’t enjoy sleeping with the window open.
9. What a difference a day makes! (P. 5)
本句是what引导的感叹句，what引导的感叹句常用的结构有：“What+a/an+形容词+单数可数名词+主语+谓语”或者“What+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词+主语+谓语”。
What a beautiful flower!
What interesting books these are!
What heavy snow it is!
【拓展】how引导的感叹句的结构为“How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语”。
How beautiful the bird is!
How fast Mary runs!
10. We wanted to walk up to the top, but then it started raining a little so we decided to take the train. (P. 5)
(1) want表示“想要”时，为及物动词，后接不定式作宾语或者用于句型“want sb. to do sth.”中，表示“想要某人做某事”。
They don’t want to throw away the old furniture.
She wants her parents to pay for the car.
(2) start后常接名词、动词不定式或者动名词作宾语，用法相当于begin。
When shall we start the meeting?
Let’s start discussing/to discuss about the next problem.
11. We waited over an hour for the train because there are too many people. (P. 5)
(1) wait for sb./sth.“等待某人或者某事”；wait to do sth.“等待做某事”；can’t wait to do sth.“迫不及待做某事”
We are waiting for the result of the exam.
All the passengers are waiting to get on the bus.
The children can’t wait to rush out after the class is over.
(2) over此处表示“多于、超过”，相当于more than。
My father is over 40 years old.
(3) too much, much too和too many辨析
too much
太多（的）
用作形容词，修饰不可数名词
I have too much homework to do.
用作副词，修饰动词
Don’t eat too much.
much too
太
用作副词，修饰形容词和副词
The picture is much too beautiful.
too many
太多的
用作形容词，修饰可数名词复数
The little boy has too many questions to ask.
12. And because of the bad weather, we couldn’t see anything below. (P. 5)
(1) because of意为“因为、由于”，后接名词、代词或者动名词，because是连词，引导原因状语从句，后接一个句子。
He is late for school because of the bad weather.
=He is late for school because the weather is bad.
(2) below表示“在……以下、低于”，反义词是above，意为“在……之上，超过”。
It was five degrees below zero last night.
13. My father didn’t bring enough money...(P. 5)
(1) bring表示“带来”，强调从别的地方带到说话的地方，常与副词here连用；take表示“带走”，强调从说话的地方带去别的地方，常与副词there连用；carry表示“搬、抬”，没有方向性。
The students brought their homework to school in the morning and take them home after school.
(2) enough可以用作形容词，表示“足够的、充分的”，用来修饰名词，可以放在名词前面，也可以放在名词后面。
The rich man has enough money.
=The rich man has money enough.
【拓展】enough还可以用作副词，修饰形容词或者副词，放在形容词或者副词后面，常用的结构为：be +adj.+enough+to do sth.“足够……能够做某事”。
The boy is old enough to go to school.
The father works hard enough for his family.
14. Well, but the next day was not as good. (P. 5)
当我们要表示双方某方面(如年龄、身高等)程度相同或不同时，常用as…as或not as…as结构，表示“和……一样”或“和……不一样”。如：
Mary is as careful as Linda．玛丽和琳达一样仔细。
He does not run as fast as Tom．他跑步没有汤姆快。
15. ...because we forgot to bring an umbrella. (P. 6)
forget to do sth.“忘记做某事”，强调忘记去做某事，实际上也没有做；forget doing sth.“忘记做过某事”，强调已经做过某事，但是忘记了。
He forgot to take the message to his friend.
Don’t forget to lock the door when you leave.
Don’t you forget meeting me in the street yesterday?
16. Why not? (P. 8)
why not意为“为什么”，表示提出建议，后接动词原形，相当于why don’t you...?
Why not go to the party with me?
=Why don’t you go to the party with me?
17. Everyone in our class took a bag with some food and water. (P. 8)
with此处表示“具有、带有”，还可以表示“和……在一起”或者“用”。
I often go to school with my friends.
Cut the apple with a knife.
18. My legs were so tired that I wanted to stop. (P. 8)
so...that...意为“如此……以至于……”，用来引导结果状语从句，so是副词，后面接形容词或者副词。
Our school is so beautiful that everyone likes it.
He runs so fast that no one can catch up with him.
【拓展】such...that...引导结果状语从句，表示“如此……以至于……”，such后面接名词短语，名词前经常跟有形容词进行修饰。
He is such a smart boy that we all like him.
They are such experienced workers that they will solve the problem soon.
19. My classmates told me to keep going, so I went on. (P. 8)
(1) tell sb. to do sth.“告诉某人做某事”，tell sb. not to do sth.“告诉某人不要做某事”。
The teacher told us to clean the windows.
I told him not to draw on the wall.
(2) keep doing sth.表示“继续做某事、一直做某事”
She kept watching TV for two hours last night.
(3) go on表示“继续”，go on to do sth.表示“（完成一件事后）接着做另一件事”，go on doing sth./go on with sth.意为“继续做同一件事”。
She went on to become a doctor.
You can’t go on working without any rest.
We will go on with the discussion tomorrow.
20. Everyone jumped up and down in excitement. (P. 8)
up and down表示“上上下下、来来回回”。
They looked up and down.
He walks up and down in the room.
21. Twenty minutes later, the sun started to come up. (P. 8)
come up意为“升起、发生”。
It gets hot after the sun has come up.
Please let me know if anything comes up.
【重点短语和句型归纳】
一、 重点短语
1. go on vacation去度假
2. stay at home待在家里
3.go to the mountains去爬山
4.go to the beach去海滩
5.visit museums 参观博物馆
6.go to summer camp去参加夏令营
7.quite a few相当多
8.study for tests为测验而学习
9.go out出去
10.most of the time大部分时间
11.have a good time doing=have fun doing =enjoy oneself玩得高兴
12.of course=sure =certainly当然
13.feel like给……的感觉；感受到
14.go shopping去购物
15.in the past在过去
16.walk around四处走走
17.because of 因为
18. a/one bowl of… 一碗……
19. the next day第二天
20.drink tea喝茶
21.find out找出；查明
22.go on继续
23.take photos照相
24.something important重要的事
25.up and down上上下下
26.come up出来
27.come out 出版发行
28.go out with anyone 跟别人出去
29.say about 发表对…看法
30.rain hard 雨下得大
31.too much 太多
二、 重点句型
1.buy sth. for sb. / buy sb. sth.为某人买某物
2.taste / look/sound/smell good. 尝起来/看起来/听起来/闻起来不错
3.nothing…but+动词原形 除了……之外什么都没有
4.seem+（to be）+ adj. 看起来……
5.arrive in+大地点 / arrive at+小地点 /get to +地点/reach +地点 到达某地
6.decide to do sth.决定去做某事
7.try doing sth.尝试做某事 / try to do sth.尽力去做某事
8.forget doing sth.忘记做过某事/ forget to do sth.忘记做某事
9.enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事
10. want to do sth.想去做某事
11.start doing sth.开始做某事
12.stop doing sth. 停止做某事
13.dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事
14.keep doing sth.继续做某事 keep on doing sth 不停做某事
15.Why not do. sth.=why don’t you do sth为什么不做……呢？
16.so+adj.+that+从句 如此……以至于……
17.tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人（不要）做某事
18.enough +名词，形容词+enough
19.not really 真的没有
20.seem to do sth 似乎好像做某事
21.Bye for now!到这该说再见了。
22.How do you like …=What do you think of…=What do you think about… 你认为……怎么样
【语法讲解】
一 复合不定代词
1、 由some, any, no, every加上one, body, thing构成不定代词，成为复合不定代词。
one
body
thing
some
someone
somebody
something
any
anyone
anybody
anything
every
everyone
everybody
everything
no
no one
nobody
nothing
2、 用法
（1） 复合不定代词相当于名词，在句中可以用作主语、宾语和表语。
Someone is knocking at the door.
I don’t have anything to say today.
Money isn’t everything.
（2） 复合不定代词被形容词、动词不定式修饰时，形容词和动词不定式后置。
I have something important to tell you.
There is nothing wrong with the radio.
（3） 复合不定代词做主语时，表示单数概念，谓语动词用单词形式。
Everything begins to grow in spring.
（4） some-不定代词用在肯定句中或者表示请求的一般疑问句中；any-不定代词多用于疑问句中否定句中。
Will you ask someone to carry the box for me?
Would you like something to drink?
（5） anyone和anything也可以用在肯定句中，表示“任何人”和“任何事”。
Anyone can do it.
I can do anything for you.
二 一般过去时的规则动词和不规则动词
（一）规则变化
构成规则：
在动词末尾直接加-ed . 例如，work -worked , look -looked , play –played
以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，直接加-d . 例如，live –lived , hope –hoped , use –used
以辅音字母+y结尾的，变y为i再加-ed . 例如，study –studied , carry –carried , worry –worried
以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的，双写最后的辅音字母，再加-ed . 例如，stop –stopped , plan–planned
（二）不规则变化
1. 没有变化，即：与动词原形一样。例如，cut –cut , put –put , read –read
2. 变化元音，例如，write- wrote , know –knew , come –came
3. 变化辅音，例如，make –made , spend –spent , send –sent
4. 辅音和元音都变化，例如，leave –left , teach –taught , think –thought
5. 其他情况，例如，is –was , are –were , have –had
Unit 2 How often do you exercise?
【教材内容解析】
Section A
1. What do you usually do on weekends? (P. 9)
on weekends意为“在周末”，泛指每个周末，on the weekend则表示“在这个周末”，特指某个周末；在英式英语中，在周末也可以用at the weekend或者at weekends。
I like going fishing on weekends.
He wants to do something special on the weekend.
2. help with homework (P. 9)
help表示“帮助”时，常用的句型为：help sb. with sth. 帮助某人某事；help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事。
Can you help me with my homework?
He often helps his mother clean do housework.
3. sometimes (P. 9)
sometimes是频度副词，意为“有时”，相当于at times。
I sometimes play computer games on weekends.
【拓展】辨析sometimes, some times, sometime与some time
sometimes
有时
Sometimes he had lunch at school.
some times
几次、几倍
I’ve been to the museum some times.
sometime
某时
I will visit Daming sometime this summer vacation.
some time
一段时间
She has lived here for some time.
4. hardly ever (P. 9)
hardly作副词，表示“几乎不”；hard用作副词表示“努力地、猛烈地”，作形容词表示“硬的、困难的”。
He hardly works.
He works hard.
This is a hard work.
5. How often do you watch TV? (P. 9)
how often意为“多久一次”用来提问频率，常用表示频率的副词或者短语来回答，如twice a week, sometimes, every day, always等。
-How often do you play sports?
-Three times a week.
【拓展】辨析how long, how soon和how often
how long
“多长时间”，提问for和since引出的时间状语
---How long did you stay there?
---For about two weeks.
how soon
“多久”提问“in+一段时间”
---How soon will they come back?
---In two weeks.
how often
“多久一次”，提问动作发生的频率
---How often do you go home?
---Once a week.
how far
“多远”，提问距离的远近
---How far is it from your home to school?
---Three kilometres.
6. use the Internet (P. 10)
Internet作名词，表示“互联网、因特网”，常用的短语为：on the Internet“在互联网上”；surf the Internet“上网”。
You can find much useful information on the Internet.
Most of the students like surfing the Internet.
7. Hi, Claire, are you free next week? (P. 10)
free作形容词表示“空闲的、有空的”，be free相当于have time。
I will be free next week.
=I will have time next time.
【拓展】free作形容词，还可以表示“免费的、自由的”，be free to do sth.“自由地做某事”。
The tickets are free.
You are free to come and go.
8. How come? (P. 10)
How come意为“为什么呢、怎么回事”，用于询问某事为什么会发生，可以单独使用也可以后接陈述句。
How come you didn’t wait for me for a while?
9. Well, how about Tuesday? (P. 10)
How about相当于what about意为“怎么样”，用来征求对方意见或者询问情况，后接名词或者动名词。
It’s sunny today. How/What about playing tennis?
10. Oh, I have to play tennis with my friends. (P. 10)
have to表示“不得不、必须”，强调客观需求；must侧重主观上自己认为有必要做某事。
It is getting dark. I have to go home now.
We must care for our parents.
11. I go to the movies maybe once a month. (P. 11)
maybe作副词，表示“可能、也许”，常常放在句首，可以与may be相互转换。
Maybe he is a foreigner.
=He may be a foreigner.
12. How often do they stay up late? (P. 11)
stay up意为“熬夜”，表示“为……熬夜”时，用“stay up for sth.”。
It is a bad habit to stay up late.
13. He plays at least twice a week. (P. 11)
at least表示“至少”，反义词为at most“最多”。
There are at least 10,000 students in our school.
He can carry three boxes at most.
Section B
1. She says it’s good for my health. (P. 12)
(1) be good for意为“对……有益”，反义词是be bad for“对……有害”。
Doing sports is good for you.
(2) health是不可数名词，意为“健康”，in good health表示“很健康”，形容词为healthy，副词是healthily。
To keep healthy, you should eat healthily.
2. Last month we asked our students about their free time activities. (P. 13)
ask sb. about sth.意为“询问某人某事”。
Someone is asking Lucy about the wonderful building.
3. Here are the results. (P. 13)
here和there置于句首，谓语动词是be动词或者come, go等不及物动词时，主语为名词时，用倒装结构，即主谓调换位置，若主语是代词时，主谓不倒装。
Here comes the bus.
There he goes.
4. We found that only fifteen percent of our students exercise every day. (P. 13)
percent表示“百分之……”，常用“基数词+percent+of+名词”，“percent of+名词”作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于名词的单复数。
Seventy percent of the boys like playing computer games.
Ninety of the work is finished.
5. And twenty percent do not exercise at all!(P. 13)
not...at all意为“一点儿也不、根本不”；not at all表示“没关系、不用谢”。
I don’t know about it at all.
---Thank you very much.
---Not at all.
6. We all know that many students often go online...(P. 13)
此处oneline用作副词，表示“在线、联网”，也可以用作形容词，意为“在线的、联网的”。
Many people like buying things online.
The online games are popular with children.
7. The answers to our questions about watching television were also interesting. (P. 13)
名词answer后常跟介词to，表示“……的答案”，类似的名词还有key，solution，ticket。
Your answer to the question is right.
8. Although many students like to watch sports, game shows are the most popular. (P. 13)
although用作连词，表示“虽然、即使”，相当于though，用来引导让步状语从句。在英语中，although/though和but不能同时出现。
Although it rained heavily, the boys played outside.
=It rained heavily, but the boys played outside.
9. It is good to relax by using the Internet or watching game shows, but we think the best way to relax is through exercise. (P. 13)
(1) by可以用来表示方式，意为“通过”，后接名词或者动名词短语。
He usually goes to work by bus.
The man makes a living by selling newspapers.
(2) way表示“方法”时，后常接动词不定式或者of doing作定语。
Can you think out a way to open the door/of opening the door?
10. Exercise such as playing sports is fun, and you can spend time with your friends and family as you play together. (P. 13)
(1) such as一般用于列举同一类人或物中的一个例子，但必须数量少于前面所提及的总数，只能放在所列举的名词前；for example一般用于列举一个例子，后面经常加上一个句子，位置很灵活，可位于句首、句中，于被列举的事例之间用逗号隔开。
I like fruit; for example, I often eat bananas in the evening.
He knows several languages, such as English and Chinese.
(2) sb. spend+时间/金钱+on sth. “在某事上花费多长时间或者多少钱”； sb. spend+时间+(in) doing sth.“花费多长时间做某事”
The man spent the whole day on his speech.
The family spent 10,000 dollars on their trip.
The boy has spent two hours playing the computer games.
【拓展】辨析spend, pay, take和cost
spend
主语是人
spend...on sth./spend...(in) doing sth.
pay
主语是人
pay for sth./pay +金钱. for sth.
take
主语是it
It takes sb.+时间+to do sth.
cost
主语是物
sth. costs sb.+金钱
11. Jane is a 16-year-old high school student in the United States. (P. 15)
16-year-old意为“16岁的”，其中的名词用单数形式，在句中作定语，16 years old表示“16岁”，在句中作表语。
Li Bo is a seven-year old boy.
=Li Bo is seven years old.
12. However, she has some bad habits, too. (P. 15)
(1) however作副词，表示“但是、然而”，常位于句首，后面常常跟有逗号隔开。
The boy eats much every meal. However, he is very thin.
(2) also, too, as well与either都可以表示“也”，但是用法不同。
also
放在句中行为动词前，be动词、助动词和情态动词之后。
He also wants to go.
too
用于肯定句中，放在句尾，前面用逗号隔开。
He wants to go, either.
as well
用于肯定句中，放在句尾，前面不用逗号隔开。
He wants to go as well.
either
用于否定句句末。
He doesn’t want to go either
13. She says she is afraid. (P. 15)
be afraid of意为“害怕、不敢”，后接名词、代词或者动名词。
She is afraid of snakes.
I was afraid of going through the woods.
[拓展]
1. be afraid to do sth. 意为“胆小不敢做某事”。
He was afraid to go out at night.
2. be afraid that...意为“担心、害怕”。
He was afraid that he would lose.
3. I’m afraid表示“恐怕”。
-Can we go there on time?
-I am afraid not.
14. None (P. 16)
none表示“没有一个（人或物）”，是all“所有的人或物”的反义词，后常接介词of；另外，none强调某一类人或物数量的多少，常用来回答how many/much的提问；nobody(no one)/nothing强调个体，常用来回答what或者who的提问。
None of us agreed to his plan.
---How many students are there in the classroom?
---None.
---Who is knocking at the door?
---No one.
---Mum, I am a little hungry. I’d like some bread.
---Oh, there is none left in the bridge.
【重点短语和句型归纳】
三、 重点短语
1. help with housework帮助做家务
2. on weekends=on the weekend在周末
3. how often多久一次
4. hardly ever几乎从不
5. once a week每周一次
6. be free =be available有空
7. go to the movies去看电影
8. on the Internet在网上
9. swing dance摇摆舞
10. play tennis打网球 play+球类/棋类/中国乐器 play the +西洋乐器 11.stay up late熬夜；睡得很晚
12.at least至少 at most最多
13.have/take dance and piano lessons上舞蹈课和钢琴课
14.go to bed early早点睡觉
15. play sports=do sports进行体育活动
16. be good for对…有好处
17.go camping去野营
18. not…at all一点儿也不……
19.in one’s free time在某人的业余时间
20.the answers to the questions 问题的答案
21.such as比如；诸如
22.go to the dentist去看牙医
23.more than多于；超过 less than少于
四、 重点句型
1. help sb. with sth.帮助某人做某事
2.How about doing…?=what about doing ......怎么样？
3.want sb. to do sth.想让某人做某事
4.How many+可数名词复数+一般疑问句？ 有多少…?
5.主语+find+that从句. ……发现……
6.spend time with sb.和某人一起度过时光
7.It’s+ adj.+（for sb）+ to do sth. 对某人来说，做某事是……的。
8. ask sb. about sth.向某人询问某事
9.by doing sth. 通过做某事（回答how引导的疑问句）
10.What’s your favorite…?你最喜爱的…是什么？
11.the best way to do sth.做某事的最好方式
12.How come ?怎么回事？
【语法讲解】
频度副词
一、频度副词的含义
英语中常见的频度副词有usually, sometimes, always, often, seldom, never等，它们用来表示动作发生的频率，但是在程度上有所区别，频率由高到低依次是：always>usually>often>sometimes>seldom>never。频度副词放在be动词、情态动词和助动词之后，实义动词之前，对频率的提问用how often。
He’s always busy.
I never play a trick on others.
Sometimes I go to school by bus.
二、频度副词在句中的位置
频度副词一般放在实义动词之前，be动词、情态动词和助动词之后。
Lucy is sometimes busy.
I can hardly say a word.
They often have coffee at night.
Unit3 I’m more outgoing than my sister
【教材内容解析】
Section A
1. Both Sam and Tom can play the drums, but Sam plays them better than Tom. (P. 17)
both...and...意为“两者都”，并列两个主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。
Both Tom and Jim are interested in Math.
2. Tara works as hard as Tina. (P. 18)
as...as...意为“和……一样”，两个as中间用形容词或者副词原级。
He is as tall as his father.
I run as fast as he.
【拓展】not as...as...意为“不如……，比不上……”第一个as是副词，在否定句中可以换成so。
She doesn't study as/so hard as her brother.
Lucy is not as/so easygoing as Lily.
3. Oh, which one was Lisa?(P. 18)
which表示“哪一个”，表示在一定数量中进行选择；what用于选择范围较大或者不明确时，表示选择人或物的种类。
There are some books in the box. Which one is yours?
What is in the box?
4. You can tell that Lisa really wanted to win, though. (P. 18)
(1) win表示“赢得”后接比赛、奖项等表示物的名词作宾语；beat表示“打败”，后接某人、团队等表示人的名词作宾语。
They finally beat the other side and won the basketball match.
Who won the first prize in the singing contest.
(2) 这里的though作副词，表示“可是、然而”，放在句末，前用都好隔开。
Jim said that he would come. He didn’t, though.
5. But the most important thing is to learn something new and have fun. (P. 18)
(1) 此处动词不定式作表语，放在be动词后面。
My work is to clean the room every day.
His dream is to be a teacher.
(2) have fun意为“玩得高兴”，后接动名词。
Did you have fun visiting that country?
Section B
1. ...is talented in music. (P. 20)
talented作形容词，表示“有才能的、有天赋的”，be talented in表示“在……方面有天赋”。
Li Yundi is talented in swimming.
2. ...truly cares about me. (P. 20)
care about意为“关心、在意”。
Thy cared about their uncle a lot.
3. ...makes me laugh. (P. 20)
(1) make sb. do sth.“使某人做某事”；make sb./sth.+形容词 “使某人/某物怎么样”
His parents made him stay at home.
The news made us excited.
(2) laugh表示“笑、发笑”，laugh at表示“嘲笑”。
Don’t laugh at others.
4. serious (P. 20)
此处serious表示“严肃的、稳重的”，另外serious还可以表示“严重的、认真的”，be serious about意为“对……认真”。
Is she serious about giving up her job?
5. That’s why I like reading books and I study harder in class. (P. 21)
That’s why...意为“那是为什么……”，强调结果；that’s because表示“那是因为……”，强调原因。
That’s why I didn’t want to leave here.
That’s because he is not old enough.
6. I’m shy so it’s not easy for me to make friends. (P. 21)
(1)本句结构为“It’s+adj.+for sb.+to do sth.”结构，意为“做某事对某人来说……”，此结构中的形容词多为描述事物特征的词，如easy, important, dangerous, necessary等。
It is important for you to study hard.
It is not easy to learn a foreign language.
【拓展】It’s+adj.+of sb.+to do sth.意为“某人做某事是……的”，此结构中的形容词多是kind, nice, right, wrong, clever, foolish,polite等描述行为者性格、品质的词。
It is very kind of you to lend me so much money.
(2) make friends表示“交朋友”，后常接介词with，表示“和某人交朋友”。
He likes making friends with others.
7. ...you don’t need a lot of them as long as they’re good. (P. 21)
as long as意为“只要”，引导条件状语从句，从句用一般现在时表示将来。
You will get good grades as long as you work hard.
8. My best friend Larry is quite different from me. (P. 21)
be different from意为“与……不同”，反义词是the same as“和……相同”。
The car is different from that one.
This bag is the same as that one.
9. However, Larry often helps to bring out the best in me. (P. 21)
bring out意为“使显现、使表现出”。
I want to bring out the meaning of the poem.
10. Larry is much less hard-working, though. (P. 21)
less用于形容词或者副词比较级之前，意为“不如、赶不上”，相当于not as/so...as...。
Lesson One is less interesting than Lesson Two.
=Lesson One is not as interesting as Lesson Two.
11. I always get better grades than he does, so maybe I should help him more. (P. 21)
get better grades意为“取得好成绩”，grade作名词，可以表示“成绩、等级”。
If you study hard, you will get good grades.
12. I don’t really care if my friends are the same as me or different. (P. 21)
(1) if此处引导宾语从句，表示“是否”，相当于whether。
I wonder if he can help us with the problem.
(2) the same as 表示“与……相同”，反义词为be different from“与……不同”。
My answer is the same as yours.
13. A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart. (P. 21)
(1) reach for one’s hand意为“伸手帮某人一把”，reach这里是不及物动词，意为“伸出（手臂、胳膊）”。
Can you reach for my hand?
(2) touch one’s hand意为“打动某人的心、令某人感动的”。
The story touches my heart.
14. In fact, she is funnier than anyone I know. (P. 21)
in fact意为“事实上、实际上”，相当于as a matter of fact或者actually。
In fact, she is talented in music.
15. We can talk about and share everything. (P. 21)
(1) talk是不及物动词，后接宾语时，需要加上介词，talk about sth.“谈论某事”；talk with sb.“同某人谈话”。
They are talking about their hobbies.
(2) share表示“分享、合用”时，常用的结构为share sth. (with sb.)“（同某人）分享某物”。
The boy doesn’t want to share toys with other children.
16. I’m different from Jeff because I’m louder than the other kids in my class. (P. 22)
other, the other, another, others和the others辨析
other: 意为“别的、其它的”，常用来修饰可数名词。
the other: 表示“两者中另一个”，是特指；the other之后也可以加复数名词，特指“其它的”。
another: 表示“三者中另一个”。
others: 用作代词，泛指“其他的人或物”是复数概念。
the others: 特指在一个整体中的“其余的人或物（全部）”。
We study Chinese, English, Math and other subjects.
There are three people in the room. One is a girl and the other two are boys.
You should think of others.
There are fifty-five students in our class. Thirty of us are girls and the others are boys.
17. My best friend is similar to Larry. (P. 22)
be similar to意为“与……类似”。
Your handwriting is similar to his.
18. Call the English Study Center at 443-5667 for more information. (P. 24)
(1) call...at...意为“拨打……找……”。
Please call Mr. Green at 473-8989.
(2) information是不可数名词，表示“一条消息”用a piece of information。
You can get more information through the Internet.
【重点短语和句型归纳】
五、 重点短语
1. more outgoing更外向
2.as+形容词/副词原形as…与……一样 not as/so…as不如
3.the singing competition唱歌比赛
4.be similar to与……相像的/类似的
5.care about关心；介意 take care of =look after照顾
6.be like a mirror像一面镜子
7.the most important最重要的
8.as long as只要；既然
9.bring out使显现；使表现出
10.get better grades取得更好的成绩
11.reach for伸手取
12.in fact事实上；实际上
13.make friends交朋友
14.one…,the other… 一个…，另一个
15.touch one’s heart感动某人
16.be talented in music有音乐天赋
17.share everything 分享一切
18.talk about 谈论
六、 重点句型
1. have fun doing sth. 做某事有乐趣
2. want to do sth. 想要做某事
3. as+形容词或者副词原级+as 与……一样……
4. be good at doing sth. 擅长做某事
5. make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事
6. It’s+形容词+for/of sb. to do sth. 做某事对某人来说是怎么样的
7. That’s why...这就是……的原因
【语法讲解】
形容词和副词的比较级
① 形容词比较级的变化规则。
I. 规则变化
构成法
原级
比较级
最高级
单音节词+er/est
short
shorter
shortest
cold
colder
coldest
以不发音e结尾的词+r/st
wide
wider
widest
large
larger
largest
单个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词，双写末尾辅音字母+er/est
big
bigger
biggest
hot
hotter
hottest
以辅音字母+y结尾的词，变y为i+er/est
heavy
heavier
heaviest
busy
busier
busiest
多音节词在前面+more/most
important
more important
most important
beautiful
more beautiful
most beautiful
II. 不规则变化
原级
比较级
最高级
good/well
better
best
bad/badly/ill
worse
worst
old
older/elder
oldest/eldest
many/much
more
most
little
less
least
far
farther/further
farthest/furthest
② 形容词比较级用法。
I. 比较级用于两者进行比较，结构为“A is 比较级 than B”。
e.g: 1. My bike is more beautiful than hers.我的自行车比她的漂亮。
2. He works harder than before. 他工作比以前努力。
II. 表示两者之间选择，用“which/who is 比较级，A or B？”表示“两者之间较……之一”时，用“the + 比较级”结构。
e.g: 1. Which is nearer to the sun, the moon or the earth? 哪个离太阳更近，月球还是地球？
2. He is the thinner of the two. 他是两人中较瘦的那个。
III.“越来越……”用“比较级and 比较级”结构，多音节和部分双音节词用“more and more 原级”。
e.g: 1. The weather is becoming colder and colder. 天气变得越来越冷了。
2. She is becoming more and more beautiful. 她变得越来越美了。
IV. 表示“越……越……”时，用“the+比较级，the+比较级”结构。
e.g: The more careful you are, the more points you will get. 你越细心，得分越多。
Unit4 What's the best movie theater?
【教材内容解析】
Section A
1. comfortable seat. (P. 25)
seat作名词，表示“座位”，常用短语为book a seat“预定座位”；take/have a seat“坐下”。
There are enough seats in the meeting room.
Take/have a seat.
2. close to home (P. 25)
close此处用作形容词，表示“离……近”，常用的句型为be close to“靠近”，反义词是far。
The cinema is close to my home.
3. You can buy clothes the most cheaply there. (P. 26)
cheaply这里是副词，表示“便宜地、低廉地”。
His parents live as cheaply as possible.
4. The DJs choose songs the most carefully. (P. 26)
choose用作及物动词，表示“选择”，后接名词或者不定式作宾语，名词形式为choice。
They are choosing food for the party tonight.
He chose to sing an English song.
5. Can I ask you some questions? (P. 26)
some意为“一些”，常用语肯定句中，用于疑问句中，表示提出建议、请求并期待给予肯定回答。
---Can I have some bread?
---Of course. Here you are.
6. How do you like it so far? (P. 26)
so far意为“到目前为止、迄今为止”。
Have you got any information about him so far?
7. Thanks for telling me. (P. 26)
thanks for意为“因……而感谢”，后接名词或者动名词，相当于thank you for...。
Thanks a lot for your help.
Thank you for telling me the news.
【拓展】thanks for表示“因……而感谢”，thanks to表示“幸亏、由于”。
8. No problem. (P. 26)
no problem用来回答别人的感谢，意为“不用谢、别客气”，相当于You’re welcome或者Not at all。No problem还可以表示“没问题”，表示乐意去做某事。
---Thank you very much.
---No problem.
---Could you post the letter for me?
---No problem.
9. It has the worst service. (P. 27)
service作名词，表示“服务”，动词为serve，表示“为……服务”。
The restaurant gives bad service.
Science serves the people.
10. I think 970 AM is pretty bad. (P. 27)
pretty此处用作副词，意为“相当、十分”。
Both of them are pretty hard-working.
11. 10 minutes by bus. (P. 27)
10 minutes by bus意为“乘公交车需要10分钟”，表示距离，而不是时间，提问时用how far，类似的表达还有：15 minutes’ walk, two hours by train.
Section B
1. most creative (P. 28)
creative作形容词，表示“有创造性的”，动词形式为create“创造”。
He is a creative singer.
This idea is very creative.
2. Who was the best performer? (P. 28)
performer用作名词，表示“演员、表演者”，performance意为“演出、表演”，perform是动词，意为“表演”。
He wants to be a famous singer.
This performance is successful.
3. It’s always interesting to watch other people show their talents. (P. 29)
watch sb. do sth.“观看某人做某事”，强调事情发生的全过程；watch sb. doing sth.“看见某人正在做某事”，强调动作正在发生。
I watched him get into the room quickly.
He watched them eating.
4. Talents shows are getting more and more popular. (P. 29)
“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”。
It is getting colder and colder.
Our school is becoming more and more beautiful.
5. Now, there are similar shows around the world, such as China’s Got Talent.(P. 29)
around the world意为“世界各地”，相当于all over the world或者throughout the world。
The Great Wall attracts visitors from around the world.
6. All these shows have one thing in common. (P. 29)
have...in common意为“有共性”。
He and his brother has nothing in common.
The twins have much in common.
7. ...the funniest actors and so on. (P. 29)
and so on意为“等等”，用在所举例子的后面。
This shop sells trousers, shoes, hats and so on.
8. All kinds of people join these shows. (P. 29)
(1) all kinds of表示“各种各样的”，a kind of“一种”，different kinds of“不同种类的”。
Children take part in all kinds of activities in school.
(2) join这里作及物动词，意为“参加”，指加入某个党派、团体或者组织，成为其中一员。
We are playing football. Will you join us?
He wants to join the reading club because he loves reading.
【拓展】join, join in与take part in的区别
join指加入某个党派、团体或者组织，也可以加入到某人当中去。
join in指参加小规模的活动，如唱歌、游戏等。
take part in指参加某项活动，并在其中发挥积极的作用。
9. That’s up to you to decide. (P. 29)
be up to sb.意为“由某人来决定”，常用的句型为“It’s up to sb. to do sth.”。
It’s up to me to help you with your English.
Whether we will go to the zoo is up to my father.
10. When people watch the show, they usually play a role in deciding the winner. (P. 29)
play a role in意为“在……中发挥作用或者扮演什么角色”。
Schools play the most important role in education.
The actress plays the leading the role in the film.
11. And the winner always gets a very good prize. (P. 29)
get a prize意为“获得奖品”，prize用作可数名词，表示“奖品”。
Li Ming got different prizes at the sports meeting.
12. However, not everybody enjoys watching these shows. (P. 29)
not与every以及含有every的不定代词连用时，表示部分否定，意为“并不是每个人都……”。
Not everyone is interested in the film.
13. Some think that the lives of the performers are made up. (P. 29)
make up此处意为“编造（故事、谎言）”，另外，make up还可以表示“化妆”。
The story is made up.
She likes making herself up every morning.
14. For example, some people say they are poor farmers but in fact they are just actors. (P. 29)
for example意为“例如”，用来举例说明。
Students like junk food. For example, they often eat hamburgers for lunch.
[拓展] for example一般用于列举一个例子，后面经常加上一个句子，位置很灵活，可位于句首、句中，于被列举的事例之间用逗号隔开；such as一般用于列举同一类人或物中的一个例子，但必须数量少于前面所提及的总数，只能放在所列举的名词前。
I like fruit; for example, I often eat bananas in the evening.
He knows several languages, such as English and Chinese.
15. However, if you don’t take these shows too seriously, they are fun to watch. (P. 29)
seriously此处是副词，意为“严肃地、认真地”，take...seriously表示“认真对待……；把……当真”。
I just joked, but he took it seriously.
16. And one great thing about them is that they give people a way to make their dreams come true. (P. 29)
come true意为“实现、成为现实”。
Your dream will come true as long as you study hard.
17. ...is at one of the small coffee shops near the park. (P. 31)
one of...“……之一”，后接名词或者代词复数，one of+the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数，意为“最……的之一”。
He is one of my friends.
Yi Jianlian is one of the most famous basketball players in China.
【重点短语和句型归纳】
七、 重点短语
1. movie theater电影院
2. close to…离……近
3. clothes store服装店
4.in town在镇上
5.so far到目前为止
6. 10 minutes by bus坐公共汽车10分钟的路程
7. talent show才艺表演
8. have …in common有相同特征的 in common 共同，共有
9. around the world世界各地；全世界
10. more and more……越来越……
11. and so on等等
12. all kinds of……各种各样的 kind of 稍微，有点 what kind of 哪种类型的
13. be up to是……的职责；由……决定
14. not everybody并不是每个人
15. make up编造（故事、谎言等）
16. for example例如
17. take…seriously认真对待
18. give sb. sth.=give sth to sb 给某人某物
19.come true（梦想、希望）实现；达到
20.play a role in doing =play a part in doing 在…方面发挥作用/有影响
21.comfortable seats舒适的座位
22.big screens大屏幕
23.buy tickets quickly 买票快
24.waiting time 等待时间
25.my way around 周围的路
26.get a very good prize得到一个非常不错的奖品
八、 重点句型
1.Can I ask you some…?我能问你一些……吗？
2.Thanks for doing sth.因做某事而感谢。
3.See/watch sb. do sth.观看某人做某事
4.one of+可数名词的复数 ……之一
5.can’t wait to do sth 迫不及待做某事 wait for 等待
6.What do the people say about the performers? 人们对这些表演者有何评论？
7.be fun to do sth 很高兴要去做某事 be fun doing sth 很高兴一直做某事
8.make one’s dream come true 愿某人梦想成真
【语法讲解】
形容词和副词最高级
一、 变化规则
I. 规则变化
构成法
原级
最高级
单音节词+est
short
shortest
cold
coldest
以不发音e结尾的词+st
wide
widest
large
largest
单个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词，双写末尾辅音字母+est
big
biggest
hot
hottest
以辅音字母+y结尾的词，变y为i+est
heavy
heaviest
busy
busiest
多音节词在前面+most
important
most important
beautiful
most beautiful
II. 不规则变化
原级
最高级
good/well
best
bad/badly/ill
worst
old
oldest/eldest
many/much
most
little
least
far
farthest/furthest
二、用法
I. 表示三者及以上人或物进行比较时用最高级，结构为“the + 最高级+in/of + 范围”。
e.g: 1. The picture is the best of all. 这幅画是所有画中最好的。
2. She is the most beautiful girl in the class. 她是班上最美的女孩。
II. 表示在三者及以上之间选择，用“which/who is the+最高级，A, B or C？”。
e.g: Who is the tallest, Tom, Kate or Bill? 汤姆、凯特、比尔，谁最高？
III. 表示“最……之一”用“one of the最高级+可数名词复数”。
e.g: She is one of the most popular teachers in our school. 她是我们学校最受欢迎的老师之一。
IV. 形容词最高级前面加序数词，表示“第几……”。
e.g: She is the second tallest girl in our class. 她是我班上第二高的女孩。
V. 比较级和最高级之间的互换。
例如：
He is taller than any other boy in our class.
= He is taller than the other boys in our class.
= He is the tallest boy in our class.
注意比较以下两个句子：
Shanghai is larger than any other city in China.（范围之内）
= Shanghai is larger than any city in Japan.（范围之外）
Unit 5 Do you want to watch a game show?
【教材内容解析】
Section A
1. What do you think of talk shows? (P. 33)
show用作可数名词，意为“节目”，talk show表示“访谈节目”。
He is a talk show host.
What’s your favourite TV show?
【拓展】show用作名词，还可以表示“展览、表演”，on show表示“在展览中”，另外，show还可以用作及物动词，表示“给……看、展示”。
Some famous paintings are on show now.
Can you show your new phone to me?
2. I don’t mind them. (P. 33)
① mind doing sth. 介意做某事
Would you mind opening the window please?
② mind sb’s/sb doing sth. 介意某人做某事
Do you mind my/me calling you at night?
3. news (P. 33)
news用作不可数名词，表示“新闻”，a piece of news表示“一则新闻”，news在句中作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
The news makes the children excited.
No news is good news.
4. can’t stand (P. 33)
stand此处用作及物动词，表示“忍受”，用于否定句和疑问句中，can’t/couldn’t stand doing sth.“不能忍受做某事”。
I can't stand the bad weather.
He can’t stand living here any longer.
5. Then let’s watch a talk show. (P. 33)
(1) let作使役动词，意为“允许、让”，let sb. (not) do sth.“让某人做某事”。
Let me help you with the housework.
(2) watch是及物动词，意为“观看、注视”。
The girl often watches TV at home.
【拓展】watch, read, look和see辨析
watch指全神贯注、目不转睛地看，强调看活动的画面，如电视、球赛等，含有欣赏的味道；
read看有文字内容的东西，如看书、看报、看杂志等。
look强调看的动作，但不一定能看到；
see强调看的结果
I’m watching TV, and I see a boy and a girl. The boy is reading a book and the girl is looking at a picture.
6. Lin Hui thinks she can learn some great jokes from sitcoms. (P. 34)
learn...from...意为“从……学到……”，learn常用的结构还有：learn from“向……学习”，learn about“了解”，learn to do sth.“学习做某事”。
What did you learn from the story?
We should learn from each other.
Are you learning to use the computer?
7. She plans to watch Days of Our Past tonight. (P. 34)
① plan作动词，常用的结构有：plan for sth.“为某事做计划”；plan to do sth.“计划做某事”。
The are planning for the party tonight.
What do you plan to do this summer holiday?
② plan也可以用作名词，用于make a plan for结构中，表示“为……做计划”。
We should make a plan for the future.
8. Because I hope to find out what’s going on around the world. (P. 34)
(1) hope用作及物动词，表示“希望”，常用的结构为：hope to do sth. 希望做某事；hope that+句子 希望……。
I hope to travel around the world.
I hope that he will get better sooner.
【拓展】wish用作动词，常用的结构有：wish to do sth.“希望做某事”；wish sb. to do sth.“希望某人做某事”；wish that+句子“祝愿……”。
I wish to travel around the world.
How I wish you to study hard！
He wishes that he could fly to the moon.
(2) find, look for和find out辨析
find意为“找到”，强调寻找的结果；look for意为“寻找”，强调寻找的过程；find out意为“查明”，多指通过调查、询问、研究之后“搞清楚、弄明白”之意，通常含有通过困难曲折之意，多指找出较难找到的、无形的、抽象的东西。
I looked for it everywhere, but I could not find it.
Please find out when the train leaves.
9. We had a discussion about TV shows. (P. 34)
have a discussion about意为“讨论关于……”，discussion是discuss的名词形式。
We had a discussion about buying a house.
10. I like to follow the story and see what happens next. (P. 34)
happen表示“发生”的时候，作不及物动词，常用的结构为：sth. happens to sb.“某人发生了某事”。
An accident happened to him yesterday and now he lies in hospital.
【拓展】happen为不及物动词，意为“发生”，常用于偶然或者突发性事件，take place指经过事先安排的事件发生。
An accident happened in that street.
The story took place last month.
11. Well, they may not be very exciting, but you can expect to learn a lot from them. (P. 34)
(1) may情态动词，这里表示“可能、也许”，may not意为“可能不”；另外，may作情态动词， 还可以表示“许可、准许”。
They may go to the beach next week.
May/Can I go to the cinema tonight?
(2) expect to do sth. 期待做某事；expect sb. to do sth. 期待某人做某事
The fans are expecting to see the football star.
The man expects his son to pass the exam successfully.
12. I hope to be a TV reporter one day. (P. 34)
one day可以表示过去或者将来的某一天，表示将来某一天时，可与some day互换；some day表示将来的某一天。
One day I met my Chinese teacher on the street.
He will come to know it some/one day.
13. You can learn some great jokes. (P. 35)
joke用作可数名词，表示“笑话、玩笑”，常用的短语为：tell a joke/jokes讲笑话；play a joke on sb.开某人玩笑。
He likes telling jokes.
Tom played a joke on me just now.
Section B
1. meaningless (P. 36)
meaningless用作形容词，表示“毫无意义的”，反义词是meaningful“有意义的”。
It is meaningless to spend so much time on the Internet.
We should live a meaningful life.
2. But one very famous symbol in America culture is a cartoon. (P. 37)
famous表示“出名的、著名的”，相当于known，常用的结构为：be famous for“因……而出名”；be famous as“作为……而出名”。
The writer is famous for his novels.
The professor is famous as an expert in cancer.
3. Over 80 years ago, he first appeared in the cartoon Steamboat Willie. (P. 37)
appear作不及物动词，表示“出现”，反义词是disappear，表示“消失”。
The sun appears slowly on the sea.
【拓展】appear也可以作系动词，后接形容词或者to be。
What he said appeared wrong.
His idea appears to be a good one.
4. When this cartoon came out in New York on November 18, 1928, it was the first cartoon with sound and music. (P. 37)
come out此处表示“发行、出版”，另外还可以表示“出来、开花”。
My first book came out in 2003.
The sun is coming out.
Some flowers began to come out.
5. In the 1930s, he made 87 cartoons with Mickey. (P. 37)
in the 1930s意为“在20世纪30年代”，表示“在……世纪……年代”要用“in the 年份s/’s”。
in the 1970s/1970’s 在20世纪70年代
6. Some people might ask how this cartoon animal became so popular. (P. 37)
might作情态动词，意为“可能、也许”，表示推测，语气较弱。
Your uncle might come to the party, but I’m not sure.
7. one of the main reasons is that Mickey was like a common man, but he always tried to face any danger. (P. 37)
(1) reason用作可数名词表示“原因”，常与介词of连用，表示“……的原因”。
You have no reason for doing that.
(2) face这里用作及物动词，表示“面临、面对”。
You should face the fact.
8. However, he was always ready to try his best. (P. 37)
(1) be/get ready for sth.“为……做准备”；be/get ready to do sth.“准备做某事、乐意做某事”
The students are reviewing lessons to get ready for the coming final exams.
The kind girl is ready to help anyone in trouble.
(2) try one’s best意为“尽力”，相当于do one’s best，try/do one’s best to do sth.“尽力做某事”。
Tom is trying his best to reach the top of the mountain.
9. What is Mickey Mouse a symbol of? (P. 38)
a symbol of意为“……的象征”。
For the whole world, pandas have become the symbol of China.
10. She dressed up like a boy and takes her father’s place to fight in the army. (P. 39)
(1) dress up意为“乔装打扮、装扮”。
Girls like dressing up as princesses.
【拓展】辨析wear, put on和dress
wear
穿着
侧重于穿戴的状态
The girl wears a red coat today.
put on
穿上
侧重于穿戴的动作
Put on your coat. It is cold outside.
dress
给……穿衣服
指给自己或者他人穿衣服
The boy is too young to dress himself.
(2) take sb’s place意为“替代、替换”，相当于take the place of。
I had to go out for learning, so Amy took my place at the meeting.
11. ...they did a good job in the movie. (P. 39)
do a good job意为“干得好”，相当于do well。
She did a good job in the talent show.
12. ...and you want to see something enjoyable, choose Mulan! (P. 39)
形容词修饰不定代词时，放在不定代词后面。
There's something interesting in the newspaper.
【重点短语和句型归纳】
九、 重点短语
1. think of认为
2. learn from从……获得；向……学习
3. find out查明；弄清楚
4. talk show谈话节目
5. watch a movie看电影
6. a pair of一双；一对
7. try one’s best to do sth尽某人最大努力做某事
8.have a discussion about就……讨论
9.one day（过去/将来）有一天 some day 将来某一天
10.dress up打扮；梳理
11.take sb.’s place代替；替换
12.do a good job干得好
13.something enjoyable令人愉快的东西
14.interesting information有趣的资料
15. look like看起来像
16. a symbol of……的象征
17.over 80 years ago80多年前
18.face any danger 面对任何危险
19.be famous for 因…而著名 be famous as+职业作为..而出名
20. in the cartoon 在卡通片中
十、 重点句型
1. let sb. do sth.让某人做某事
2.plan to do sth.计划/打算做某事
3. hope to do sth.希望做某事 happen to do sth.碰巧做某事
expect to do sth.盼望做某事 be ready to do sth.乐于做某事
4.be serious about对…当真
5.I can’t stand them我无法忍受他们
6.I don’t mind them.我不介意他们
【语法讲解】
动词不定式作宾语
① 常见的能带动词不定式作宾语的动词有：want，like，love，wish，hope，need，try，ask，seem，help，learn，decide，plan，start，begin，forget，remember，choose ，prepare，agree等。
Kate wants to be a doctor when she grows up．
He decided to buy a new MP4．
We all hope to go to Taizhou next month．
I don’t like to be late for school.
I forgot to bring the MP4 hem.
② 有些动词后面接复合宾语时，常用it作形式宾语，而真正的宾语则由动词不定式来担当，并位于宾语补足语之后。常见的这样的动词有find，think，feel，make等。
I find it interesting to play computer games我发现玩电脑游戏很有趣。
We all think it very difficult to finish the work in an hour.
③ “疑问词+不定式”结构
疑问词who，what，which，when，where和how后接动词不定式可在句中作宾语、主语、表语。
I don’t know What to do next．
Can you tell me how to get to the hospital?
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