人教版（2024）九年级英语上册课件 Unit 5 Power of Ideas（第3课时）Section A 4a-4c

这是一份人教版（2024）九年级上册（2024）Grammar Focus教课内容课件ppt，共35页。PPT课件主要包含了was，was found，pressed，词块拓展，用法拓展，connects，were，needed，used，be created等内容，欢迎下载使用。
1. 掌握并正确运用词汇：telephne, suppse, be suppsed t d, wheel, frzen, eastern, layer, melt, pipe, turism, gain2. 掌握一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态
The fllwing inventins have greatly changed the wrld. D yu knw when they were invented and wh invented them?
What d these verbs in bld have in cmmn?
These verbs are all in the passive vice.
The cmputer prgram was invented by the English wman mathematician Ada Lvelace in 1843.
The Chinese Pinyin was invented by the Chinese linguist(语言学家) Zhu Yuguang in 1958.
The internet was invented by American cmputer scientists Bb Kahn and Vintn Cerf in 1983.
Cmputer prgram
Chinese Pinyin
The internet
一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态
英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。当主语为动作的执行者时，谓语要用主动语态；当主语为动作的承受者时，谓语要用被动语态，如需要提及动作的执行者，可加上“by+动作的执行者”。
They use cmputers.（主动语态，主语they是动作use的执行者）Cmputers are used by them.（被动语态，主语cmputers是动作use的承受者）
① 一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态的句式结构
The car was made by a German cmpany.这辆汽车是由一家德国公司制造的。They aren’t allwed t enter the huse.他们不被允许进入房子。
—Were the trees planted last year? 这些树是去年种的吗？—Yes, they were. 是的，它们是。
② 被动语态的基本用法
The flwers are watered every mrning.每天早上给这些花浇水。The new teacher was liked by all the students.新老师受到所有学生的喜爱。
a. 当不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者，或需要特别强调动作的承受者时，常用被动语态。
Our dream will surely cme true.我们的梦想一定会实现。
b. 不及物动词及词组没有被动结构，如：happen、take place、cme true、run ut等。
This kind f skirt sld well here.这种裙子在这里很好卖。
c. write、wash、sell、read、clean等可作不及物动词，用主动语态，和well、easily等副词连用，含有被动意义。
This cup f range juice tastes strange.这杯橙汁尝起来很奇怪。
d. lk、sund、smell、taste、feel等系动词，常用主动形式表示被动含义。
I saw him crss the rad.我看到他穿过了马路。→ He was seen t crss the rad (by me).
e. 在含有感官动词或使役动词的主动语态中，动词不定式符号t要省去，但变为被动语态时，须加上t。
We can’t laugh at him.我们不能嘲笑他。→ He can’t be laughed at by us.
f. 一些短语动词用于被动语态时，短语动词应当作一个整体，而不能丢掉其中的介词。
③ 主动语态和被动语态的转化
(1) 确定主动句的主语、谓语和宾语。(2) 把主动句里的宾语变为被动句里的主语，若主动句里的宾语是人称代词，要将宾格变为主格。
(3) 把谓语变成被动结构“助动词be+动词的-ed形式”，但时态不能改变。(4) 把主动句中的主语放在介词by后作宾语，若主语是人称代词，应把主格变为宾格。
Read the sentences. Circle the verbs in the passive vice.
Cmplete the sentences with the crrect frms f the verbs in brackets.
1. The telephne ___________ (invent) by Alexander Bell in 1876.2. Peple all ver the wrld ___________ (cnnect) t each ther thrugh the internet.3. The wrd “rbt” ____________ (intrduce) fr the first time in a play in 1920.
was invented
are cnnected
was intrduced
4. It wasn’t suppsed t make such a lud nise when the buttn ______ ________ (press) t start the machine.5. It is believed that the wrld’s ldest wheel _________ (find) in Eastern Eurpe.
such a/an + adj. + 可数名词单数如此……的……
Peple all ver the wrld are cnnected t each ther thrugh the internet. (教材P45 4b)
all ver the wrld 全世界
与arund the wrld同义，在句中作状语。all ver意为“遍布”。
Flwers can be fund all ver the wrld—in gardens, parks and even yur hme.鲜花遍布世界各地——在花园里、公园里，甚至在你的家中。
all ver的相关短语：all ver China 全中国all ver the cuntry 全国all ver the place 到处
It wasn’t suppsed t make such a lud nise when the buttn was pressed t start the machine. (教材P45 4b)
be suppsed t d/be sth. 应当做（某事）或是（某物）
表示按规定、习惯、安排等应该做某事或应该是某物，其否定形式为be nt suppsed t d sth. “不应当做（某事）或是（某物）”。
We’re suppsed t avid pushing when we g upstairs r dwnstairs.我们上下楼梯时应该避免推挤。Yu’re nt suppsed t walk n the grass.你不该践踏草地。
Yu were suppsed t be here an hur ag!你本该在一小时以前就到这儿!
such a/an+adj.+可数名词单数 如此……的……
此处such作限定词，表示“如此程度”。“such a/an+adj.+可数名词单数”表示“如此……的……”，可与“s+adj.+a/an+可数名词单数”互换。
This is such an interesting bk that I have read it twice.= This is s interesting a bk that I have read it twice.这是一本如此有趣的书，我读了两遍。
such也可修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词，结构为“such+adj.+可数名词复数/不可数名词”。I have never seen such beautiful flwers. 我从没见过这么漂亮的花。It’s a pity t waste such delicius fd. 浪费这么好吃的食物真是可惜。
Cmplete the passage with the crrect frms f the verbs in brackets. Make a prfile f the Qinghai-Xizang Railway.
The Qinghai-Xizang Railway was cmpleted in 2006. It _________ (cnnect) Xining t Lhasa, a huge distance f 1,956 kilmetres, and it is the highest railway in the wrld, reaching 5,072 metres abve sea level at Tanggula Pass.
The building f the railway was a great challenge. Creative ideas _____ ______ (need) t slve different prblems. In summer, the tp layer f the frzen grund wuld melt and becme t sft t build n, s pipes _____ _____ (use) t keep the grund hard. Hwever, in sme places, it was impssible t build the railway ver the frzen grund, s tunnels had t ________ (create) instead. In sme ther places, bridges ________ (build) t keep the railway up abve the grund. These bridges are animal-friendly and ______ (allw) animals t pass under the tracks.
As an imprtant and successful prject, the railway has ________ (increase) turism and ecnmic develpment in the area. The lessns learnt and experience gained frm building this railway will help ___________ (imprve) transprt in ther similar places in the wrld.
... the railway has increased turism and ecnmic develpment in the area. (教材P45 4c)
turism /ˈtʊərɪzəm/ n. 旅游业
“I want t be a tur guide,” Lucy said. “I can shw turists arund and help lcal turism.”“我想当一名导游。”露西说，“我可以带游客参观，为当地的旅游业出一份力。”
tur n. 旅行；游览
turist n. 游客
turism n. 旅游业
1. Chinese _______ (speak) by mre and mre peple frm freign cuntries tday.2. The students didn’t understand the questin until it ___________ (explain) again.3. Nw teenagers ____________ (encurage) t d vluntary wrk fr their lcal cmmunities.
一、用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。
was explained
are encuraged
二、按要求完成句子，每空一词。
1. My mm makes me d the dishes every day. (改为被动语态) I am ______ _____ d the dishes every day.2. He bught me a new ty as a birthday present. (改为被动语态) A new ty _____ _______ ____ me as a birthday present.
3. Bb tk gd care f his brther when their mther was ut. (改为被动语态) Bb’s brther _____ ______ gd care f by Bb when their mther was ut.
Inventins play an imprtant rle in ur daily lives. Many great inventins 1.___________ (invent) by smart peple in histry. Fr example, the camera 2.___________ (invent) in the 19th century, and nw it 3.________ (use) by peple all ver the wrld t recrd beautiful mments. The laptp is anther useful inventin. It 4.__________ (prduce) in many cuntries tday, and it helps us wrk and study easily. Paper-making, ne f the greatest inventins in ancient China, 5._______ (use) widely in ur lives nw.
were invented
三、阅读下面短文，用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。
1. 一般现在时：am/is/are +动词的-ed形式2. 一般过去时：was/were +动词的-ed形式
宾语提前变主语，时态人称be体现。动词-ed形式勿变错，原主变宾by后见。
1. 常用被动语态的情况 2. 不及物动词及词组没有被动结构 3. 用主动形式表示被动含义的情况 4. 动词不定式符号t不能省略的情况 5.介词不能省略的情况
主动语态和被动语态的转化