鲁教版（五四学制）（2024）九年级全册（2024）Section B同步测试题

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鲁教版九年级英语全一册 (pp.28-29)
第一部分：知识点讲义
一、学习目标
1. 能够理解阅读文章"Hw Far Can We G int Space?"的主旨大意和段落细节信息。
2. 能够掌握并运用核心词汇 ancient, mysterius, spacecraft, alien, challenge, distance, jurney 等描述太空探索。
3. 能够完成1c段落主旨匹配和1d思维导图，提升信息归纳与整理能力。
4. 能够就太空探索话题进行讨论（1e），表达个人观点并运用一般将来时被动语态。
二、重点
1. 阅读文章的主旨理解和各段落细节信息的把握。
2. 核心词汇：ancient, mysterius, spacecraft, Vyager 1, alien, challenge, distance, jurney, weightless, explre, universe, surface, launch。
3. 段落主旨匹配（1c）和思维导图完成（1d）的信息提取策略。
4. 一般将来时被动语态在阅读语篇中的识别与理解（复习巩固）。
三、难点
• 理解文章中长难句的结构和含义，如含有定语从句"which has travelled furthest frm Earth"的句子。
• 区分文章中的事实信息与作者观点，进行合理推断。
• 运用核心词汇准确表达太空探索相关话题，如在1e讨论中组织语言。
• 在讨论中综合运用所学词汇和语法表达个人观点，言之有据。
四、字词与词汇
五、语法与句型
【核心句型】
1. 描述人类对星空的好奇：
Since the beginning f human histry, peple have lked up at the stars and wndered what they were like.
Since the beginning f human histry, peple have lked up at the stars and wndered what they were like.
2. 描述飞得最远的人造物体：
The man-made bject which has travelled furthest frm Earth is Vyager 1.
The man-made bject which has travelled furthest frm Earth is Vyager 1.
3. 描述航天器携带的物品及目的：
A special recrd with sunds and pictures frm Earth is carried n bard.
A special recrd with sunds and pictures frm Earth is carried n bard.
4. 描述载人太空飞行的挑战：
The challenge f visiting the stars gets even bigger fr space flights with humans.
The challenge f visiting the stars gets even bigger fr space flights with humans.
5. 表达对未来的展望：
Scientists believe that visiting the stars is nt a cmpletely wild dream.
Scientists believe that visiting the stars is nt a cmpletely wild dream.
【易错辨析】
六、学习支架
【阅读策略：快速阅读技巧】
略读（Skimming）：快速浏览文章标题、各段首句和尾句，把握文章大意和结构。本文标题"Hw Far Can We G int Space?"提示文章围绕太空旅行的距离展开。
扫读（Scanning）：带着1c的主旨选项，快速定位每段的关键信息词。第一段关注"ancient cultures""stars"；第二段关注"Vyager 1""furthest"；第三段关注"challenge""humans"；第四段关注"scientists""dream"。
推断（Inferring）：结合上下文推断生词含义和作者态度。如"nt a cmpletely wild dream"暗示虽有困难但有希望。
归纳（Summarizing）：完成1d思维导图时，用关键词提炼每段核心信息，如Vyager 1段可归纳为"launched 1977 / 23.5 billin km / special recrd"。
【思维导图框架（1d）】
七、知识要点
要点1：文章结构与段落主旨
文章"Hw Far Can We G int Space?"分为四段，对应1c的主旨匹配：第一段介绍人类自古以来对星星的好奇（B. Humans have lng been curius abut the stars）；第二段介绍飞得最远的人造物体Vyager 1（D. N spacecraft has travelled clse t anther star）；第三段讲述载人太空飞行的挑战（A. Lng distance space travel is difficult fr humans）；第四段展望星际旅行的未来（C. In the future, it may be pssible t visit anther star）。文章采用"提出问题—分析现状—展望未来"的逻辑结构。
要点2：Vyager 1的关键信息
Vyager 1是1977年发射的航天器，是目前飞离地球最远的人造物体，距离地球约235亿公里。它携带了一张特殊的光盘，记录了地球的声音和图片，目的是如果被外星生命发现，能展示人类文明——"It shws wh we are and where we are frm."然而，Vyager 1距离地球最近的恒星Prxima Centauri仍有4.2光年（约40万亿公里）的距离，说明星际旅行距离之遥远。
要点3：载人太空飞行的挑战
载人太空飞行面临巨大挑战：人类最远只到达月球背面，约40万公里。前往火星需要6-9个月，期间宇航员的食物、饮水、健康和安全都是需要解决的问题。前往另一颗恒星可能需要数十万年。文章通过设问"What will the astrnauts eat and drink during this perid? And hw abut their health and safety?"强调这些现实困难。时间、距离和生存保障是三大核心难题。
要点4：核心词汇在语境中的运用
文章中多个核心词汇值得关注：ancient（古代的）描述人类早期的星空观察；mysterius（神秘的）描述古人对星空的认知；spacecraft（航天器）指Vyager 1等；alien（外星的）描述可能发现Vyager 1的生命形式；challenge（挑战）描述太空旅行的困难；distance（距离）和jurney（旅程）描述太空旅行的时空跨度。这些词汇共同构建了太空探索的主题语境，学习时应结合语境理解记忆。
要点5：未来太空探索的展望
尽管星际旅行面临巨大挑战，科学家们并未放弃。文章末段提到两种设想：一是让宇航员在旅途中冬眠（sleep during their jurney like sme animals d in winter），二是开发更快的航天器（develp much faster spacecraft）。这体现了人类探索精神——"visiting the stars is nt a cmpletely wild dream"。学习时应关注"hwever"一词的转折作用，它将前文的困难与后文的希望形成对比，使文章从现实挑战转向未来展望。
八、典型例题
【例1】
Vyager 1 is the man-made bject ______ has travelled furthest frm Earth.
A. wh B. which C. what D. where
【解答】B
【点拨】
考查知识点：定语从句关系代词。解题依据：先行词bject是物，用which或that引导定语从句。wh用于人；what不引导定语从句；where表地点。故选B。
【例2】
根据文章内容，人类在太空中到达的最远距离约为______。
A. 400公里 B. 4万公里 C. 40万公里 D. 4000万公里
【解答】C
【点拨】
考查知识点：文章细节理解。解题依据：文章第三段提到"The furthest that any human has gne in space is nly abut 400,000 kilmetres, arund the ther side f the mn."即约40万公里，故选C。
【例3】
将下列句子改为被动语态：Scientists will develp much faster spacecraft in the future.
【解答】Much faster spacecraft will be develped by scientists in the future.
【点拨】
考查知识点：一般将来时被动语态。解题依据：①宾语much faster spacecraft变为主语；②will develp改为will be develped；③主语scientists用by引出。develp的过去分词是develped。
第二部分：同步练习
★ 基础巩固
一、单项选择（每题2分，共10分）
1. Many ______ cultures believed that stars were frm gds.
A. ancient B. ld C. aged D. past
2. Vyager 1 is the man-made bject which has travelled ______ frm Earth.
A. far B. further C. furthest D. farther
3. A special recrd with sunds and pictures ______ n bard Vyager 1.
A. carries B. is carried C. carried D. is carrying
4. The furthest that any human has gne in space is nly abut 400,000 ______.
A. metres B. kilmetres C. miles D. light-years
5. Scientists believe that visiting the stars is nt a ______ wild dream.
A. cmplete B. cmpletely C. cmpleting D. cmpleted
二、首字母填空（每题2分，共10分）
6. Many a_________ cultures lked up at the stars and wndered abut them.
7. Vyager 1 is a s_________ that was launched in 1977.
8. The c_________ f visiting the stars gets even bigger fr human space flights.
9. Even a j_________ t Mars will take arund six t nine mnths.
10. Scientists believe that visiting the stars is nt a cmpletely wild d_________.
三、用所给词的适当形式填空（每题2分，共10分）
11. Peple have lked up at the stars since the ______ (begin) f human histry.
12. Vyager 1 ______ (launch) in 1977.
13. The star is 4.2 light-years ______ (away/far) frm Earth.
14. These pints f light were frm ______ (mystery) wrlds.
15. As technlgy ______ (develp), we learnt the truth abut stars.
四、连词成句（每题2分，共10分）
16. furthest / Vyager 1 / travelled / has / frm Earth / the
17. in 1977 / was / this spacecraft / launched
18. take / six t nine mnths / t Mars / a jurney / will
19. a wild dream / nt / visiting the stars / is / cmpletely
20. n bard / a special recrd / is carried / Vyager 1
★★ 能力提升
一、单项选择（每题2分，共10分）
1. Prxima Centauri is ______ 4.2 light-years away frm Earth.
A. abut B. n C. in D. at
2. —What is carried n bard Vyager 1?
—A special recrd ______ sunds and pictures frm Earth.
A. in B. with C. f D. fr
3. The challenge f visiting the stars ______ even bigger fr human space flights.
A. get B. gets C. getting D. gt
4. It might take ______ years t get t anther star.
A. hundred f B. hundreds f C. hundred D. hundreds
5. One idea is t have the astrnauts ______ during their jurney.
A. sleep B. sleeping C. slept D. t sleep
二、阅读理解（每题2分，共10分）
阅读下面短文，选择最佳答案。
Since the beginning f human histry, peple have lked up at the stars and wndered what they were like. Many ancient cultures believed that these pints f light were frm gds r ther mysterius wrlds. Hwever, as technlgy and science develped, we learnt the truth abut stars. They are real places like ur wn sun, and they are further away than anyne imagined.
The man-made bject which has travelled furthest frm Earth is Vyager 1. This spacecraft was launched in 1977. In case Vyager 1 is fund by alien life, a special recrd with sunds and pictures frm Earth is carried n bard. It shws wh we are and where we are frm. Nw, Vyager 1 is an amazing 23.5 billin kilmetres frm Earth, but that is still a lng way frm Earth's nearest star, Prxima Centauri. That star is 4.2 light-years away—abut 40 trillin kilmetres!
The challenge f visiting the stars gets even bigger fr space flights with humans. The furthest that any human has gne in space is nly abut 400,000 kilmetres, arund the ther side f the mn. At present, even a jurney t the planet Mars will take arund six t nine mnths.
1. What did ancient cultures believe abut stars?
A. They were real places like the sun.
B. They were frm gds r mysterius wrlds.
C. They were very clse t Earth.
D. They were planets like Mars.
2. When was Vyager 1 launched?
A. In 1969. B. In 1977. C. In 1990. D. In 2000.
3. Why des Vyager 1 carry a special recrd?
A. T play music fr astrnauts.
B. T shw alien life wh we are and where we are frm.
C. T recrd data abut stars.
D. T cmmunicate with Earth.
4. Hw far is Prxima Centauri frm Earth?
A. 23.5 billin kilmetres. B. 400,000 kilmetres. C. 4.2 light-years. D. 40 millin kilmetres.
5. What is the main idea f the passage?
A. Vyager 1 is the fastest spacecraft.
B. Humans have already visited many stars.
C. Space travel t the stars is difficult but nt impssible.
D. Ancient peple knew a lt abut stars.
三、选词填空（每空1分，共10分）
从方框中选词填空，每词限用一次。
ancient | mysterius | spacecraft | alien | challenge | distance | jurney | explre | universe | launch
Since the beginning f human histry, peple have wndered abut the (1) _______ abve them. Many (2) _______ cultures believed that stars were frm gds r ther (3) _______ wrlds. Tday, scientists cntinue t (4) _______ space and learn mre abut it.
The man-made bject that has travelled furthest frm Earth is the (5) _______ Vyager 1. It was (6) _______ in 1977 and nw is 23.5 billin kilmetres away. A special recrd is carried n bard in case it is fund by (7) _______ life.
Hwever, the (8) _______ t anther star is extremely lng. The (9) _______ is t great fr humans t travel there with current technlgy. Scientists say that visiting the stars is a huge (10) _______ but nt a cmpletely wild dream.
四、写作（10分）
请以"Hw Far Can We G int Space?"为题，写一篇约80词的短文，介绍人类太空探索的现状和未来。
提示：1. 人类最远到过哪里？2. 面临什么挑战？3. 未来的可能性？
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
★★★ 拓展延伸
一、推断题（每题3分，共6分）
1. 文章第二段提到Vyager 1携带了"a special recrd with sunds and pictures frm Earth"，并说"It shws wh we are and where we are frm."由此可以推断：
A. Vyager 1的主要目的是探索外星生命。
B. 科学家希望外星生命通过这张记录了解地球文明。
C. 这张记录只包含音乐。
D. Vyager 1已经与外星生命取得了联系。
答案：_______
2. 文章最后一段提到"One idea is t have the astrnauts sleep during their jurney like sme animals d in winter."这个设想主要解决的太空旅行问题是：
A. 食物不足问题。
B. 旅途时间过长问题。
C. 航天器速度问题。
D. 宇航员体重问题。
答案：_______
二、分析题（4分）
阅读文章，回答以下问题：
(1) 文章第三段提到"What will the astrnauts eat and drink during this perid? And hw abut their health and safety?"这两个问句在文中起什么作用？（2分）
________________________________________________________________________________
(2) 文章最后一段说"Scientists, hwever, believe that visiting the stars is nt a cmpletely wild dream."请分析"hwever"一词在文中的表达效果。（2分）
________________________________________________________________________________单词
读音
词性
释义
例句
ancient
/ˈeɪnʃənt/
adj.
古代的
Many ancient cultures lked up at the stars.
mysterius
/mɪˈstɪəriəs/
adj.
神秘的
Stars were frm mysterius wrlds.
spacecraft
/ˈspeɪskrɑːft/
n.
航天器
This spacecraft was launched in 1977.
alien
/ˈeɪliən/
adj./n.
外星的；外星人
In case Vyager 1 is fund by alien life.
challenge
/ˈtʃælɪndʒ/
n.
挑战
The challenge f visiting the stars is huge.
distance
/ˈdɪstəns/
n.
距离
The distance t anther star is enrmus.
jurney
/ˈdʒɜːni/
n.
旅程
A jurney t Mars will take six t nine mnths.
weightless
/ˈweɪtləs/
adj.
失重的
Astrnauts wrk in a weightless envirnment.
explre
/ɪkˈsplɔː(r)/
v.
探索
Humans cntinue t explre the universe.
universe
/ˈjuːnɪvɜːs/
n.
宇宙
The universe is filled with stars.
surface
/ˈsɜːfɪs/
n.
表面
A rver was sent t explre Mars' surface.
launch
/lɔːntʃ/
v.
发射
Vyager 1 was launched in 1977.
错误表达
正确表达
解析
Vyager 1 has travelled further than any spacecraft.
Vyager 1 has travelled further than any ther spacecraft.
比较级中表示"比其他任何一个都……"时，需用any ther + 单数名词，因为Vyager 1本身也是spacecraft。
It will take six t nine mnths g t Mars.
It will take six t nine mnths t g t Mars.
It takes/tk + 时间 + t d sth. 是固定句型，不定式符号t不可省略。
The star is 4.2 light-years far away.
The star is 4.2 light-years away.
表示具体距离时用away，不与far连用。far away表示"很远"，但不与具体数字连用。
段落
核心信息
关键细节
Paragraph 1
人类对星星的好奇
ancient cultures → gds/mysterius wrlds; science → truth abut stars
Paragraph 2
Vyager 1的成就
launched 1977; 23.5 billin km frm Earth; carries special recrd; Prxima Centauri 4.2 light-years away
Paragraph 3
载人太空飞行的挑战
furthest human travel: ~400,000 km (mn); Mars jurney: 6-9 mnths; fd, health, safety cncerns
Paragraph 4
未来的可能性
astrnauts sleep during jurney; faster spacecraft; nt a cmpletely wild dream