安徽合肥百花中学等四校2025-2026学年第二学期高二年级期末考试英语含答案

这是一份安徽合肥百花中学等四校2025-2026学年第二学期高二年级期末考试英语含答案，共16页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，完形填空，语法填空，书信写作，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读理解
The histry f science is built n the breakthrughs f brilliant minds. While many have cntributed, the wrk f these fur individuals fundamentally changed their fields and cntinues t impact ur lives tday.
Ott Hahn
Ott Hahn was a pineer in the field f nuclear chemistry. His mst famus achievement came in 1939 with the discvery f nuclear fissin — a prcess that releases immense energy by splitting atmic nuclei (原子核). This breakthrugh nt nly earned him the Nbel Prize in Chemistry in 1944 but als paved the way fr bth nuclear energy and atmic science. Earlier, in 1921, he als discvered nuclear ismerism, slidifying his rle as a key figure in radichemistry and mdern physics.
Luis Pasteur
Luis Pasteur’s wrk has saved many lives. He discvered that tiny living things called germs (病菌) can cause sickness and make fd g bad. Frm this, he created a way t heat milk s it is safe t drink — nw called pasteurizatin. He is even better knwn fr making vaccines (疫苗) against serius diseases like rabies and anthrax. His imprtant findings helped start mdern germ science and ways t prevent disease, changing hw peple fight infectins.
Nikla Tesla
Nikla Tesla, a visinary inventr, was instrumental in capturing the pwer f electricity. He champined alternating current (AC), which prved far superir t direct current fr carrying electricity ver lng distances. This AC system became the fundatin f ur mdern electrical netwrk. Tesla als held grundbreaking patents in radi transmissin and electrmagnetism (电磁), dreaming up technlgies that wuld nly be realized lng after his time.
James Clerk Maxwell
James Clerk Maxwell transfrmed ur understanding f electricity, magnetism, and light. Thrugh a set f elegant equatins — nw knwn as Maxwell’s equatins — he integrated the theries f electricity and magnetism int a single framewrk: electrmagnetism. His wrk predicted the existence f radi waves and laid the essential grundwrk fr bth relativity and quantum physics.
1．What Nbel Prize did Ott Hahn win in 1944?
A．Medicine.B．Physics.C．Chemistry.D．Literature.
2．What is pasteurizatin used fr?
A．Making flu vaccines.B．Increasing milk prductin.
C．Killing germs n chicken.D．Keeping milk safe t drink.
3．What d Tesla and Maxwell have in cmmn?
A．They studied electrmagnetism.B．They predicted radi waves.
C．They explred atmic nuclei.D．They invented alternating current.
I remember ding the husehld chres t help my mther when I was nine. I hated changing the vacuum cleaner (真空吸尘器) bag and picking up things the machine did nt clean away. Twenty years later, in 1978, with this lifelng dislike f the way the machine wrked, I decided t make a bagless ne.
Easier said than dne, f curse. I didn’t realize that I wuld spend the next five years perfecting my design, a prcess that resulted in 5,127 different prttypes (样机). By the time I made my 15th prttype, my third child was brn. By 2,627, my wife and I were really cunting ur pennies (便士). By 3,727, my wife was giving art lessns fr sme extra cash, and we were getting further and further int debt. These were tugh times, but each failure brught me clser t slving the prblem.
In the early 1980s, I started trying t get licensing agreements fr my technlgy. The reality was very different, hwever. The majr vacuum makers had built a business mdel based n the prfits frm bags and filters (滤网). N ne wuld license my idea, nt because it was a bad ne, but because it was bad fr business. But sn after, the cmpanies that I had talked with started making machines like mine. I had t fight legal battles n bth sides f the Atlantic t prtect the patents n my vacuum cleaner.
I was still in financial difficulties until 1993, when my bank manager persnally persuaded Llyds Bank t lend me $1 millin. Then I was able t g int prductin. Within tw years, the Dysn vacuum cleaner became a best-seller in Britain.
Tday, I still accept risk and the ptential fr failure as part f the prcess. Nthing beats the excitement f inventin.
4．What drve the authr t make a bagless vacuum cleaner?
A．His willingness t help mm.
B．His curisity abut machines.
C．His truble in ding family chres.
D．His discntent with existing cleaners.
5．What des paragraph 2 mainly tell us?
A．The help frm the authr’s wife.
B．The financial prblems f the family.
C．The tugh prcess f the new inventin.
D．The prcedures f making a bagless cleaner.
6．Why did the cmpanies refuse t license the authr’s technlgy?
A．They thught they might suffer lss.
B．They cnsidered it nt gd enugh.
C．They faced legal prblems themselves.
D．They had begun making such machines.
7．What lessn may the authr learn frm the experience?
A．Think twice befre acting.
B．Failure is the mther f success.
C．Actins speak luder than wrds.
D．A gd beginning makes a gd ending.
The idea that yu can use humr, laughter, and play t make yu healthier prbably seems t simple t be true. Hwever, it is really true and simple. The sense f humr, laughter and play plays an imprtant part in keeping yu healthy.
Treat the blues with a sense f humr, which is clsely tied t laughter. Laughter is infectius. Have yu ever heard a big laugh f a yung child and been able t keep yurself frm smiling? When laughter is shared between peple, it makes them clser t each ther and increases their happiness. Smiling is the beginning f laughter and a smile is als just as infectius as laughter is. Yu can experience smething by smiling at everyne arund yu, and yu will feel happier just by sharing a smile, even with a stranger.
Play is an imprtant part f making sure that we stay healthy. We are ften encuraged t make sure ur children play, and are tld f the benefits f being ut playing. Hwever, what we ften frget is that it is just as imprtant fr ld peple t make play be part f their life as it’s fr children. Physical play is imprtant fr the ld and it certainly helps prevent illness. While the studies are still in the early stages, the studies that have been dne have shwn that physical play certainly plays a part in preventing cgnitive (认知的) falling.
Anyway, adding humr, laughter, and play t ur life will influence us mentally, physically and scially and bring us many advantages. S we shuld make full use f humr, laughter and play t make ur life mre active, mre interesting and happier.
8．What des the underlined wrd “infectius” in Paragraph 2 prbably mean?
A．Playing an imprtant rle.B．Keeping peple in high spirits.
C．Quickly influencing ther peple.D．Preventing illness frm spreading.
9．What can laughter increase accrding t the authr?
A．Cgnitive ability.B．Gd relatinships.
C．A sense f humr.D．Happiness and trust.
10．What des the authr think the ld shuld d?
A．They shuld have a gd rest.
B．They shuld play like children.
C．They shuld prevent cgnitive falling.
D．They shuld take part in physical play.
11．Which f the fllwing wuld be the best title fr the text?
A．Humr, Laughter and Play fr HealthB．Always Keep Our Bdy Healthy
C．Have an Active and Happy LifeD．Let Our Bdy and Mind Relax
Listening t music while driving is a cmmn habit fr many peple. It helps us stay awake, imprves ur md, and makes lng trips mre enjyable. Over 80% f drivers play music n mst jurneys, especially yunger drivers wh find it hard t cncentrate withut it.
Researchers have studied the effects f music n driving fr many years in virtual driving envirnments. They measure things like speed, reactin time, and crash incidents under different music cnditins. The results shw that music can bth help and harm driving perfrmance.
Overall, listening t music tends t lead t mre simulated (模拟的) crashes, prer speed cntrl, and less stable fllwing distances cmpared t driving in silence. Hwever, music can temprarily help tired drivers stay alert n lng, dull drives, thugh this effect fades after 15-25 minutes.
Lud r fast-paced music is ften thught t be risky, but research shws the picture is mre cmplex. High vlume tends t slightly increase speed, while lw vlume makes peple drive mre slwly. Fast music des nt always make driving wrse, but very energetic r aggressive sngs can lead t riskier behaviur, especially fr yung r inexperienced drivers. Music that drivers chse themselves tends t be less distracting (分心的) than music they d nt like, as it helps them stay calm and fcused.
Inexperienced drivers are mre easily affected by music. Studies shw that when they listen t upbeat r fast music, they are mre likely t speed, miss rad signs, and react slwly t dangers. In cntrast, calm r slw music can help them stay mre aware and respnd better t dangers n the rad.
Fr safer driving, it is best t listen t recgnizable sngs, at a mderate vlume, and avid very lud r aggressive tracks. New drivers, in particular, may want t lwer the vlume r even turn ff the music in difficult driving cnditins.
12．Hw d mst researchers study the effects f music n driving?
A．By cnducting experiments in driving simulatrs.
B．By analyzing real car crash data invlving music.
C．By surveying drivers’ persnal preferences fr music.
D．By measuring drivers’ physical health after lng trips.
13．Which type f driver shuld be mst cautius abut listening t music while driving?
A．Drivers wh are feeling excited.B．Drivers with little driving experience.
C．Drivers wh prefer ppular music.D．Drivers travelling lng distances.
14．What is the safest practice fr drivers regarding music?
A．Listening t lud music n bring rad trips.
B．Enjying fast music t keep the brain active.
C．Chsing familiar sngs at a medium vlume.
D．Letting the passengers chse the music t enjy.
15．What is the main purpse f the text?
A．T discurage drivers frm listening t music.
B．T explre the driving habits between different drivers.
C．T criticize yung drivers fr their bad listening habits.
D．T explain hw music affects driving and ffer advice.
Ways t keep a lng-distance friendship
A lng-distance friendship is between tw peple wh live quite far apart — far enugh that they dn’t see each ther n a regular basis. S a lt f effrt is required t maintain it. 16 .
Stay in tuch
A friendship wn’t last withut cnnectin. 17 . Fr example, starting a grup chat is a great way t share yur updates. Sharing phts with yur friends als makes therm feel that yu are still part f each ther’s daily life.
18
Shwing thughtfulness desn’t cst t much. It desn’t need expensive gds, lts f mney r hurs f planning. Smething plain, like a card r a small gift, can mean a lt mre t them than yu may think. 19 .
Remain reliable
20 . Even thugh yu can’t bring them ice cream r a cpy f their favrite mvie after they’ve had a bad day, letting them knw they can talk t yu at any time will cmfrt them.
Remember even if yu’re nt living next t yur friends any mre, it desn’t mean yur friendship has t end. It just takes time and effrt t maintain a lng-distance friendship.
A．Shw thughtfulness
B．Remember imprtant dates
C．Let yur friends knw yu are always reliable
D．Yu can visit each ther in new hmes at weekends
E．There are many ways fr us t stay in tuch with friends
F．Here are sme ways t keep a lng-distance friendship strng
G．Shwing thughtfulness in little ways culd make their entire day
二、完形填空
Upn mving int their new flat in Bristl, fur yung men were immediately 21 by their neighbr’s adrable dg, Stevie. Having grwn up with animals, they were 22 fr furry cmpaninship. Hwever, their strict landlrd 23 pets, s they gathered their curage t write a letter t their neighbr, expressing their desire t be friends with the dg and ffering t walk r play with it anytime.
A respnse arrived sn, written frm Stevie’s 24 . She intrduced herself as an energetic dg 25 by Sarah, agreeing t be their friend n the 26 f five daily ball thrws and belly scratches whenever she demanded. The bys were verjyed. Their first meeting with Stevie was 27 they’d hped fr. She was energetic and friendly, and the walk was a blast.
Subsequently, regular play dates became a rutine. The bys lked frward t their time with Stevie, and Sarah cherished hw the interactins brke the 28 neighbrhd barriers. In an era where peple ften remain strangers t thse next dr, this small cnnectin felt 29 . As time went by, their bnd grew strnger and acts f kindness became the 30 — they helped Sarah carry grceries, and she shared hmemade ckies with them. What started as a request fr dggy dates had 31 int a genuine friendship.
When the bys had t mve, they were heartbrken t say gdbye t Stevie. Sarah 32 them her dr wuld always be pen fr them. Their stry later 33 nline, tuching peple arund the wrld. It serves as a gentle 34 that kindness and curisity can bridge even the mst rdinary divides and a simple act f 35 can transfrm strangers int lifelng friends.
21．A．attackedB．annyedC．cnfusedD．captivated
22．A．gratefulB．respnsibleC．desperateD．suitable
23．A．frbadeB．requiredC．fearedD．ignred
24．A．memryB．perspectiveC．imaginatinD．intentin
25．A．adaptedB．raisedC．supprtedD．abandned
26．A．qualificatinB．affectinC．ambitinD．cnditin
27．A．everythingB．nthingC．anythingD．smething
28．A．strangeB．unexpectedC．usualD．harmnius
29．A．nrmalB．wrthlessC．invaluableD．inevitable
30．A．standardB．nrmC．galD．pririty
31．A．evlvedB．dividedC．jumpedD．burst
32．A．cnvincedB．infrmedC．assuredD．persuaded
33．A．paid ffB．went viralC．hit the sptD．tk a twist
34．A．reminderB．celebratinC．indicatinD．suggestin
35．A．hnestyB．patienceC．kindnessD．bldness
三、语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Qian Xuesen is a great scientist, an utstanding man. He, brn in Hangzhu, was admitted t the aernautics department f the MIT (美国麻省理工学院航空系) in 1935. After 36 (graduate) with his PhD (博士学位), he was emplyed as 37 assistant researcher at University. Qian’s missile (导弹) designs laid the fundatin fr the missile develpment in the 1940s and 1950s, 38 (make) him a wrld-knwn rcketeer (火箭工程师).
When he 39 (hear) f the exciting news f the funding f the Peple’s Republic f China in 1949, Qian decided t return t hmeland withut hesitatin t cntribute 40 his wn natin.
Upn returning t China, Qian Xuesen was 41 (active) invlved in research wrk. Under his 42 (participate) and guidance, China successfully launched its first missile in 1960. In 1965, Qian planned 43 (develp) the first artificial satellite included in the cuntry’s key prjects, 44 was finally launched int space in 1970.
In 1999, Qian Xuesen 45 (award) the “Tw Bmbs and One Satellite Meritrius Medal” (两弹一星功勋奖章) by the gvernment f PRC, and was cnsidered as the “Father f China’s Missiles” fr his significant cntributins t China’s space industry.
四、书信写作
46．假定你是李华，你的交换生好友Tny准备参加“用英语讲中国故事”演讲比赛，想请你推荐一个彰显中华传统美德的经典历史故事。请给他回复一封邮件，内容包括：
1.故事简介；
2.推荐理由；
3.表达祝愿。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Tny,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
五、书面表达
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When Le transferred t a new high schl in the middle f the term, he rarely spke a single wrd. Cming frm a quiet small twn far away, he was extremely shy and quiet, always sitting silently at the back f the classrm. He never participated in any grup activities, and even when the teacher asked him simple questins, he wuld lwer his head shyly and reply in a lw vice.
But during the art class, Jake, the mst lively and playful by in their class, secretly glanced at Le’s painting and culdn’t hide the surprise n his face. One day, Ms. White, their art teacher, annunced a city-wide art cmpetitin, calling n students t create paintings that culd reveal their innermst dreams and true emtins. While ther students chatted happily and actively shared their creative ideas, Le sat all alne in his seat, staring blankly at his blank canvas (画布), lking lst and discuraged.
Ms. White walked ver and knelt beside him, saying gently, “Everyne has a unique vice in art and yurs is just waiting t be heard.” Le lked up at her fr the first time, his eyes full f dubt but als a faint spark f hpe. She stayed with him patiently, asking abut his beautiful hmetwn and his hidden hbbies, and little by little, Le began t pen up his heart. With her encuragement, Le finished his painting and submitted it t the teacher after class, never expecting anyne t ntice.
A mnth later, as sn as classes ended, Jake rushed ver t Le with a bright grin. “Cme n, let’s g t the ntice bard. The result f the art cmpetitin is due ut tday!” he said excitedly. Le shk his head and whispered, “I’m nt ging. It has nthing t d with me anyway.” Mments later, lud, excited cheers came frm the hallway.
注意：
1．续写词数为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。
Jake dashed back and annunced the gd news.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Everyne sn fund Le’s gradual change.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
《安徽合肥百花中学等四校2025-2026学年第二学期高二年级期末考试 英语》参考答案
1．C 2．D 3．A
4．D 5．C 6．A 7．B
8．C 9．B 10．D 11．A
12．A 13．B 14．C 15．D
16．F 17．E 18．A 19．G 20．C
21．D 22．C 23．A 24．B 25．B 26．D 27．A 28．C 29．C 30．B 31．A 32．C 33．B 34．A 35．D
36．graduating 37．an 38．making 39．heard 40．t 41．actively 42．participatin 43．t develp 44．which 45．was awarded
46．One pssible versin:
Dear Tny,
Regarding the Chinese histric stry yu want, I recmmend “Kng Rng Sharing Pears”. Kng Rng, a fur-year-ld by, chse the smallest pear fr himself, leaving the larger nes fr his brthers.
The stry is a perfect chice because it highlights traditinal Chinese values that are still relevant tday. It teaches the imprtance f humility and cnsideratin. By sharing this stry, yu can cnvey the timeless lessn that true greatness lies in thinking f thers. This will nt nly enrich yur speech but als cnnect with audiences frm different backgrunds.
Hpe my recmmendatin is helpful. Best wishes fr yur speech!
Yurs,
Li Hua
47．Jake dashed back and annunced the gd news. “Le, yu wn first place!” he shuted, his vice full f excitement. Le’s eyes widened in disbelief. He shk his head slightly, thinking it must be a mistake. But Jake grabbed his arm and pulled him tward the hallway. There, n the ntice bard, was Le’s painting, a peaceful village with starry skies and children laughing. Ms. White std nearby, smiling prudly. “I knew yu culd d it,” she said sftly. Fr the first time, Le felt seen. A shy smile appeared n his face as classmates gathered arund, ffering their cngratulatins.
Everyne sn fund Le’s gradual change. He began t speak mre in class, his vice n lnger a whisper but clear and steady. He jined grup activities and even helped ther students with their art prjects. Jake became his clse friend, and tgether they painted pictures n the classrm wall. Le n lnger sat at the back alne. He had fund his vice, nt thrugh wrds alne, but thrugh clrs and brushes. Ms. White’s wrds had planted a seed, and nw Le was finally blming. Smetimes a single act f kindness is all it takes t help a quiet heart find its way.
题号
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
答案
C
D
A
D
C
A
B
C
B
D
题号
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
答案
A
A
B
C
D
F
E
A
G
C
题号
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
答案
D
C
A
B
B
D
A
C
C
B
题号
31
32
33
34
35





答案
A
C
B
A
D