2025-2026学年湖南长沙市岳麓区某中学高二下学期期中考试英语试卷（学生版）

这是一份2025-2026学年湖南长沙市岳麓区某中学高二下学期期中考试英语试卷（学生版），共15页。试卷主要包含了5分,满分37等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第一部分 听力(略)
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15 小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
A recent landing n the mn has awakened r renewed peple’s enthusiasm fr the stars and space explratin. Here are fur trip ideas t inspire thse wuld-be astrnauts and astrnmers.
Pic du Midi, France
There are few bservatries where yu can bserve stars befre retiring t a cmfrtable cabin and watch the sunrise. Getting t the Pic du Midi Observatry is als an adventure in itself, invlving a ride n tw cable cars up t a 2,877-meter-high muntain. The guided astrnmy sessins help kids discver Saturn and its rings via pwerful telescpes.
Nrth Yrk Mrs, England
As an Internatinal Dark Sky Reserve in the wrld, this lvely part f Yrkshire, England plays hst t ne f the UK’s family-friendly Natinal Parks Dark Skies Festivals. Well timed t cincide with the latter part f autumn half term in England, the Nrth Yrk Mrs Dark Skies Fringe Festival includes bat bx making, evenings with winter birds and mnlit castal walks.
Kennedy Space Center, America
The NASA-perated Kennedy Space Center Visitr Cmplex is a must fr ambitius astrnauts and space-lvers. Hands-n experiences range frm live presentatins delivered by astrnauts t the new Astrnaut Training Experience Center. Children aged10 t 17 can experience spacewalking and explring Mars.
Munt Teide, Spain
Hme t the largest slar bservatry in the wrld, it sits n Spain’s highest muntain. Ride the cable car up fr a scientist-led tur, which includes the chance t bserve the sun thrugh hand-held slar telescpes. The special family tur includes an attractive 90-minute wrkshp explring hw bservatry physicists carry ut their research.
1. Which trip suits the visitrs expecting the sea view at night?
A. Pic du Midi.B. Munt Teide.
C. Nrth Yrk Mrs.D. Kennedy Space Center.
2. What activity can visitrs d at Kennedy Space Center?
A. Make a bat bx.B. Cntact astrnauts.
C. Attend a scientist-led tur.D. Observe the rings f Saturn.
3. What d Pic du Midi and Munt Teide have in cmmn?
A. They accmmdate family turists.
B. They include a tur led by scientists.
C. They ffer free hand-held telescpes.
D. They are lcated n high muntains.
B
Brn in 1990 in Hebei prvince, Wang Haze, China’s first female space flight engineer, grew up with a strng belief frm her mther that “there is nthing a girl cannt d.” This has cntributed a lt t her grwth, shaping her character and fueling her ambitin.
After earning her master’s degree frm Sutheast University, Wang jined the Beijing Aerspace Prpulsin Institute in 2015, engaged in rcket engine pre-research. When China began the prcess t select its third grup f astrnauts in 2018, she seized the pprtunity and applied. Transitining frm an engineer t an astrnaut required nt nly technical knwledge and skills but als utstanding adaptability, physical fitness and mental resilience.
The training included exhausting physical cnditining, psychlgical training and space envirnment simulatins. During centrifuge (离心机) tests, Wang endured frces six times her bdy weight, with her hands resting n a red buttn that culd stp the machine at any mment. Nt nce did she press it. “I am the nly wman amng the cuntry's third grup f astrnauts,” she says, “and I dn’t think I shuld receive special treatment. I had the cmpetence and cnfidence t cmpete with my ther 17 teammates.”
After years f rigrus training, Wang was selected fr the Shenzhu-19 missin. On Octber 29, 2024, she was intrduced t the public. She spent 183 days in rbit, carrying ut 86 scientific experiments, vide- calling students frm Bulgaria, and intrducing an AI assistant named “Xiahang” t help with daily tasks. On April 30,2025, she returned t Earth safely.
Reflecting n her jurney, Wang said: “Frm being a rcket engine designer t a space engineer, my rle has evlved, yet my unwavering cmmitment t serving my cuntry thrugh space explratin remains the same.” Her stry is pwerful evidence f what determinatin and hard wrk can achieve.
4. Why is Wang’s mther mentined in paragraph 1?
A. T shw the surce f Wang's interest.
B. T emphasize family influence n Wang’s character.
C. T shw ff Wang's childhd.
D. T illustrate Wang's riginal dream.
5. What was Wang’s chice after earning her master’s degree?
A. T becme a teacher.B. T wrk as a researcher.
C. T train as an astrnaut.D. T further study abrad.
6. Hw can we describe Wang’s training as an astrnaut?
A. Exhausting but fascinating.B. Painful and bring.
C. Challenging but rewarding.D. Cmpetitive and dangerus.
7. Which f the fllwing is TRUE abut Wang’s Shenzhu-19 missin?
A. She spent mre than 5 mnths in rbit.
B. She set a new recrd fr the lngest space stay.
C. She develped a new AI assistant called “Xiahang”.
D. She lectured t students face t face.
C
Climate-driving migratin (迁徙) is ften viewed as a mdern crisis, but histry tells a different stry. An interdisciplinary team f researchers frm the University f Basel has shwn that large-scale envirnmental instability shaped scieties mre than a thusand years ag.
Their study examined hw severe hydrlgical (水文学的) extremes such as prlnged drughts and destructive flds in the late Tang Dynasty influenced plitical stability in China. The research fcused n nrthern China, particularly the regin surrunding the Yellw River, an area central t agriculture, transprtatin, and plitical pwer.
T understand hw the climate shifted during this critical perid, scientists turned t natural archives (档案) — tree rings. In wetter years, sufficient rainfall allws trees t grw mre quickly, prducing wider rings. In dry years, grwth slws, leaving narrwer rings. The lnger a tree lives, the further back this envirnmental recrd extends, ffering a detailed timeline f past climate cnditins. The team relied n lng-term tree ring datasets frm the Yellw River basin t recnstruct histrical runff (径流量) patterns, which directly affected farming.
Their findings revealed that a rise in severe weather events played a part in the fall f the Tang Dynasty in 907 CE. Mre frequent drughts and flds placed intense pressure n the sldiers respnsible fr defending the frntiers, as well as n their families. Crp failures became cmmn due t extreme weather. With shrtages munting, supply rutes cllapsing, and hunger spreading, many peple migrated suth in search f better cnditins, leading t plitical destabilizatin and cntributing t the Tang Dynasty’s fall.
Hwever, the study’s first authr Michael Kempf emphasizes, “Our results are apprximatins (近似值). The actual cnditins at that time cannt be recnstructed with certainty. It’s a cmplex interplay f many different factrs.” The study cncluded that envirnmental phenmena and their cnsequences can disrupt scial structures and destabilize plitical systems. This is a develpment that culd ccur mre frequently in view f climate change tday.
8. What is the main purpse f the study?
A. T questin tree rings fr climate research.
B. T predict the ptential new climate crises.
C. T link climate change t plitical changes.
D. T analyse the reasn fr ancient migratin.
9. Hw did the researchers get climate data f the Tang Dynasty?
A. By studying ancient trees’ grwth patterns.B. By surveying the ancient migratin rutes.
C. By analyzing fficial histrical dcuments.D. By examining the remains f ancient crps.
10. What did the research find abut the rle f climate in the late Tang Dynasty?
A. It was the majr reasn fr the dynasty’s cllapse.
B. It physically destryed mst f its frntier defence.
C. It directly resulted in the weakening f the dynasty.
D. It set ff a chain f events causing the dynasty’s fall.
11. What des Michael Kempf think f the findings?
A. They verstate envirnmental rles.B. They are estimates and require care.
C. They ignre Tang’s scial structures.D. They are accurate and widely applicable.
D
Bacteria are an annying prblem fr astrnauts. The micrrganisms(微生物) frm ur bdies grw uncntrllably n surfaces f the Internatinal Space Statin, s astrnauts spend hurs cleaning them up each week. Hw is NASA vercming this very tiny big prblem? It’s turning t a bunch f high schl kids. But nt just any kids. It is depending n NASA HUNCH high schl classrms, like the ne science teachers Gene Grdn and Dnna Himmelberg lead at Fairprt High Schl in Fairprt, New Yrk.
HUNCH is designed t cnnect high schl classrms with NASA engineers. Fr the past tw years, Grdn’s students have been studying ways t kill bacteria in zer gravity, and they think they’re clse t a slutin(解决方案). “We dn’t give the students any breaks. They have t d it just like NASA engineers,” says Flrence Gld, a prject manager.
“There are n tests,” Grdn says. “There is n graded hmewrk. There almst are n grades, ther than ‘Are yu wrking twards yur gal?’ Basically, it’s ‘I’ve gt t prduce this prduct and then, at the end f year, present it t NASA.’ Engineers cme and really d an in-persn review, ’s nt a very nice thing at times. It’s a hard business review f yur prduct.”
Grdn says the HUNCH prgram has an impact(影响) n cllege admissins and practical life skills. “These kids are s absrbed in their studies that I just sit back. I dn’t teach.” And that annying bacteria? Grdn says his students are emailing daily with NASA engineers abut the prblem, readying a wrkable slutin t test in space.
12. What d we knw abut the bacteria in the Internatinal Space Statin?
A. They are hard t get rid f.B. They lead t air pllutin.
C. They appear in different frms.D. They damage the instruments.
13. What is the purpse f the HUNCH prgram?
A. T strengthen teacher-student relatinships.
B. T sharpen students’ cmmunicatin skills.
C. T allw students t experience zer gravity.
D. T link space technlgy with schl educatin.
14. What d the NASA engineers d fr the students in the prgram?
A. Check their prduct.B. Guide prject designs.
C. Adjust wrk schedules.D. Grade their hmewrk.
15. What is the best title fr the text?
A. NASA: The Hme f Astrnauts
B. Space: The Final Hmewrk Frntier
C. Nature: An Outdr Classrm
D. HUNCH: A Cllege Admissin Refrm
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
As a student f Chinese language and culture, I was intrduced t many fascinating aspects f the cuntry’s culinary (烹饪的) heritage. One dish that particularly std ut in my studies was Crssing Brıdge Rice Ndles, a specialty frm Yunnan Prvince. In 2024, when I traveled t Yunnan, I finally experienced this famus dish firsthand. ___16___
Walking int a traditinal Yunnan restaurant and settling dwn, I felt anticipatin that nly a lng-awaited experience can bring. ___17___ Each ingredient was presented separately, allwing me t assemble my bwl accrding t my preference. The waiter placed a large bwl f ht brth (肉汤) in frnt f me, fllwed by thinly sliced meats, fresh vegetables, quail eggs, tfu skin, and herbs. Then, the mst exciting part came: white, smth, and silky rice ndles.
Fllwing the traditinal methd, I first added the raw meat slices int the ht brth, watching them ck instantly. Then, I added the vegetables, tfu and eggs, letting them blend int the brth. ___18___ As I lifted the ndles with my chpsticks, their delicate texture was evident — sft, yet firm enugh t hld their shape.
___19___ The brth, made frm slw-simmered chicken and prk bnes, was rich and deeply cmfrting. The rice ndles were incredibly smth, almst jellylike, yet with a satisfying chewiness. The cmbinatin f fresh ingredients created a balance f textures — tender meat, crisp vegetables, and silky ndles, all cming tgether harmniusly.
Trying the dish in Yunnan was an experience that cnnected me t China’s rich culinary heritage and reaffirmed (再次确定) the deep bnd between fd and culture. This dish, with its rich brth, silky ndles, and heartwarming service, is a representatin f the beauty f Chinese cuisine. ___20___
A. The first bite was an explsin f flavrs.
B. The dish was served in a traditinal manner.
C. The experience was nthing shrt f extrardinary.
D. While studying in Beijing, I ften heard abut the dish.
E. Finally, I carefully placed the rice ndles int the bwl.
F. What amazed me the mst was hw familiar the flavrs felt.
G. And nw, it hlds a special place in my persnal jurney as well.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15 小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Hidden deep in the jungle f Clmbia sits Ciudad Perdida, the “Lst City”, which is mre than 600 years lder than Machu Picchu. There are n trains r buses allwing fr____21____ travels t reach its ruins. The nly way t____22____ its beauty firsthand is n ft: a tugh multi-day hike.
Despite this, I culdn’t ____23____the pprtunity t visit Ciudad Perdida. Twelve ther hikers and I went there in____24____with a licensed guide. The dirt path, which____25____thrugh twering palms and dangling vines (垂落的藤蔓), prved____26____ right frm the start. Alng the way we als met the ____27____. They had been left undisturbed fr centuries and there was a deep____28____ between them and the land.
The next mrning, we were ff early t____29____ the heat, but the high temperature and muscle pain had already_____30_____ by the time we reached the final stage — 1,200 stne steps t_____31_____. After I finally lifted my painful bdy up the lng flight f stairs, my eyes intently rested n the scene that had _____32_____ the back-breaking jurney: Ciudad Perdida.
Sitting n ne f the highest terraces (台阶), I lked dwn and admired the beautiful site belw. Althugh I had already_____33_____my gal, the experience was ne I wuld d_____34_____.
It was the challenge that made the jurney a mre_____35_____ne. Earned views were always better.
21. A. lngB. easyC. frequentD. endless
22. A. imagineB. witnessC. rememberD. ignre
23. A. graspB. btainC. prmteD. resist
24. A. cmpanyB. cmbinatinC. harmnyD. cmmunicatin
25. A. brkeB. searchedC. wundD. pulled
26. A. disappintingB. embarrassingC. amazingD. challenging
27. A. researchersB. visitrsC. nativesD. freigners
28. A. bndB. distinctinC. similarityD. cnflict
29. A. dismissB. avidC. testD. abandn
30. A. wn utB. std utC. set inD. gne ff
31. A. cnstructB. pickC. cverD. cunt
32. A. suspendedB. predictedC. simplifiedD. mtivated
33. A. fixedB. vercmeC. memrizedD. accmplished
34. A. againB. therwiseC. thughD. instead
35. A. sensitiveB. rewardingC. ppularD. flexible
第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
UNESCO is fighting t preserve the wrld’s cultural and natural heritage. There are ____36____ (current) arund 1,100 sites in ver 160 cuntries. Unfrtunately, many are in urgent danger due t natural frces, human activities, and rapid develpment.
Natural frces like wind and water gradually wear dwn heritage sites. Fr example, the Great Pyramid f Giza is nw several metres ____37____ (shrt) than befre. Natural disasters can als cause severe damage. In 2003, a terrible earthquake ____38____ (shake) suth-eastern Iran and ruined large parts f Bam, a UNESCO site.
Human activities are particularly harmful. Wars, whether accidental ____39____ n purpse, have destryed invaluable heritage sites. Meanwhile, the fld f turists leads t wear and tear. The temples f Angkr are classic examples ____40____ unique architecture. Thusands f turists climbing the stne steps every day are wearing dwn these ancient buildings.
Human ppulatin grwth ____41____ (increase) the demand fr prductin and cnsumptin f gds, thus ____42____ (put) heritage sites in danger. The Histric Centre f Vienna, ____43____ is famus as Eurpe’s musical capital, is nw n the List f Wrld Heritage in Danger because f high-rise cnstructins.
____44____ surprises us mst is that the disappearance f heritage sites wuld be disastrus. Take the Great Barrier Reef as an example. Its lss wuld harm marine life and destry lcal livelihds. We all share a jint respnsibility t prtect these treasures. Let’s take actin t ensure their ____45____ (survive).
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，你的英国朋友 Jim在给你的邮件中提到他对中国历史很感兴趣，并请你介绍一位你喜欢的中国历史人物。请你给 Jim回信，内容包括：
(1)该人物的简要介绍；
(2)你喜欢该人物的原因。
注意：
(1)写作词数应为80个左右；
(2)开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；
(3)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Jim,
It's great t hear frm yu.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The English writing cmpetitin drew near. Jack, wh had always struggled t put his thughts int cherent wrds, determined t turn t AI fr help.
He simply input the given theme f the cmpetitin, added a few key wrds, and hit “generate”. Much t his delight, in less than 5 minutes, the screen lit up. A vivid and well-structured essay was presented. Jack was amazed by hw effrtlessly the well-chsen wrds flwed n the page. Withut a secnd thught, Jack signed his name and submitted the piece, ignring the tiny vice f guilt frm the bttm f his heart.
His essay std ut amng hundreds f entries and was selected t represent the schl in the municipal-level cntest. When his English teacher, Ms. Cathy, called him t her ffice, Jack’s heart skipped a beat. With a gentle but firm tne, Ms. Cathy lked straight int his eyes and asked, “Jack, I need yu t tell me the truth — did yu write this essay entirely n yur wn?” The questin hung in the air, heavy and inescapable. Jack’s mind went blank fr a mment. The thught f lsing the chance t cmpete, f being laughed at by his classmates fr cheating, verwhelmed him. Taking a shaky breath, he kept his eyes ff the teacher and ndded, “Yes, Ms. Cathy. Every wrd is mine.”
Ms. Cathy ndded, seemingly satisfied, and patted his shulder, “That’s great. Yur genuine hard wrk will pay ff. This essay has a unique perspective, and I’m sure it will shine at the municipal cntest.” But Jack didn’t feel any jy. On the cntrary, a sense f guilt weighed heavily n him. That night, he tssed and turned in bed, unable t fall asleep. The lie he had tld kept eching in his ears. He thught abut Ms. Cathy’s trusting eyes, abut the meaning f the cmpetitin, and abut hw prud he wuld have felt if he had written the essay himself. He was trn between the fear f being expsed and the desire t d the right thing.
注意：
(1)续写词数应为150个左右；
(2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The next mrning, Jack went back t the teacher’s ffice.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Encuraged by Ms. Cathy, Jack decided t rewrite n his wn.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________