2027年高考英语人教版一轮复习教材单元复习练习 034-选择性必修 第四册-UNIT 3 SEA EXPLORATION（教用）

这是一份2027年高考英语人教版一轮复习教材单元复习练习 034-选择性必修 第四册-UNIT 3 SEA EXPLORATION（教用），共11页。
UNIT 3 SEA EXPLORATION
（主题：人与自然——人类生存、社会发展与环境的关系）
教材回顾·自主学习
Trade and curisity have ften frmed the fundatin f mankind's greatest achievements. 1. （cmplete） the great map f the wrld was a strng passin fr the peple f early civilisatins. Marc Pl's tales inspired Eurpean explrers t search fr sea rutes frm west t east. A trading rute acrss the sea 2. （extend） alng the casts f the Indian Ocean, centred arund Ceyln （nw Sri Lanka）. Here, merchants frm China and many ther places met with the bjective f 3. （negtiate） trade deals. Later, under the cmmand f Zheng He, seven large fleets 4. （sail） west n vyages f trade and explratin. Althugh China withdrew 5. further expeditins after 1433, these land and sea rutes remained active 6. （channel） between ther cultures fr centuries.
T reach ut acrss the sea 7. （remain） a strng desire tday. The ancient sea rutes travelled by Zheng He are being revisited with the 21st Century Maritime Silk Rad, 8. is part f the Belt and Rad Initiative. The aim f this initiative is t encurage cperatin and trade acrss the histric Silk Rad areas, and strengthen the bnds between China 9. the rest f the wrld. Althugh the ancient sea rutes f Zheng He have been travelled many times, there are still many ther places 10. （leave） t explre. With the latest technlgy in hand, the need t trade and the desire t enhance relatinships will drive China t reach ut acrss the sea far int the future.
[答案]
1．T cmplete
2．was extended
3．negtiating
4．sailed
5．frm
6．channels
7．remains
8．which
9．and
10．left
词句精讲·核心突破
1 extend vt.扩展；使伸长；延长；提供；给予;展开（尤指手臂或腿）→extensin n.扩大;延伸;延期 extensive adj.广阔的;广泛的 extensively adv.广大地；广泛地
·extend sth. t sb. 向某人提供/给予……
把……扩展到……
① If yu are in need f a deadline _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （extend）, simply explain the situatin t the prfessr.
[答案]extensin
② _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （extend） suth frm parts f what we nw knw as Mexic int Central America, Maya civilisatin has been surrunded by mystery since its rediscvery in the 19th century.
[答案]Extending
③ 你们能来到这里我们非常激动。我代表学校向大家表示最真诚的欢迎。（演讲稿）
We are very excited t have yu here. On behalf f my schl, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ .
[答案]I extend ur mst sincere welcme t yu
④ 对您过去几年的无私帮助，我想表示衷心的感谢。如果不是您，我不会被这所大学录取。（感谢信）
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ fr yur selfless assistance during the past years. But fr yu, I wuld nt have been admitted t the university.
[答案]I'd like t extend my sincere gratitude t yu
2 mercy n.仁慈；宽恕；恩惠→merciful adj.宽大的；仁慈的；慈悲的 merciless adj.毫不怜悯的；无情的；残忍的
·shw mercy t sb.=have mercy n/upn sb. 怜悯某人
at the mercy f... 任由……摆布;对……无能为力
withut mercy 残忍地
·be merciful t sb. 怜悯某人；对某人仁慈
① Seeing hw much I lved the stray kitten, my parents were _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （mercy） and allwed me t keep it.
[答案]merciful
② The vyages f travelers befre the 17th century shw that they were nt _ _ _ _ the mercy f the sea even thugh they didn't have mdern navigatinal aids.
[答案]at
③ The extremely ht sun beat dwn n us _ _ _ _ _ _ mercy,but we cntinued t climb the muntain in high spirits.
[答案]withut
④ [2020·新高考Ⅰ]尽管Meredith一家不富裕，但他们同情穷人，总是在可能的时候愿意伸出援手。
→Althugh the Merediths weren't well ff, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ and were always willing t extend a supprting hand whenever pssible.（mercy）
→Althugh the Merediths weren't well ff, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ and were always willing t extend a supprting hand whenever pssible.（merciful）
[答案]they shwed mercy t the pr/they had mercy n/upn the pr； they were merciful t the pr
3 pssessin n.［usually pl.］个人财产；拥有；控制→pssess vt.拥有;具有（特质）;支配
·be in pssessin f 拥有……（主语为人）（表状态）
take pssessin f... 占有……;拥有……（表动作）
be in the pssessin f sb.=be in sb.'s pssessin （某物）被某人拥有
·be pssessed f sth. 具有某种品质（或特征）
① There are several reasns t believe that the urges t help, infrm and share are nt taught, but naturally _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （pssess） in yung children.
[答案]pssessed
② 这款最新的笔记本电脑是汤姆的，也就是说汤姆拥有这个最新款的笔记本电脑。
The latest laptp is _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Tm, which means that Tm is _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ the latest laptp.
[答案]in the pssessin f； in pssessin f
③ 妈妈经常提醒我，只有当我拥有良好的心态时，我才有可能获得成功。
Mther ften reminds me that nly when _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ can I be likely t attain success.
[答案]I pssess a gd state f mind
4 in hand 在手头；可供使用；在掌握中
·at first hand 第一手;亲自
at hand 在手边,在近处;即将到来
by hand 手工
give sb. a hand 帮助某人
hand in hand 手拉手
n hand 现有（帮助）
n the ne the ther （hand）... 一方面……另一方面……（用于表示不同的、尤其是相对立的两个方面）
用hand的相关短语填空
① Having enugh data _ _ _ _ _ _ , we can set ut t hld the press cnference as scheduled.
[答案]in hand
② Whenever I am in truble, it is yu wh _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ withut hesitatin.
[答案]give me a hand
③ Even fr persnal letters, the merchant wuld rather use a cmputer than write _ _ _ _ _ _ .
[答案]by hand
完成句子
④ 他看起来冷静而自信，因为局势在他掌握之中。（神情描写）
He lks calm and cnfident, because _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ .
[答案]he has the situatin in hand
⑤ 一方面，计算机拓宽了我们的视野，但另一方面，它们也带来了一些问题。（演讲稿）
On the ne hand, cmputers braden ur hrizns, but _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ .
[答案]n the ther （hand）, they als bring abut/lead t/cntribute t sme prblems
⑥ 面对诸如全球变暖这样的普遍问题，世界不同地区的人们应该携手合作。
Faced with thse universal prblems such as glbal warming, peple in different parts f the wrld_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ .
[答案]are suppsed t wrk hand in hand
5 Frm a scientific pint f view, there is an urgent need t study the Arctic in rder t understand climate change and its effects. 从科学的角度看,为了了解气候变化及其影响,迫切需要对北极进行研究。
句型公式：There is a（n） t d sth.……需要做某事。
·There is a （great） need （fr sb.） t d sth. （某人）（迫切）需要做某事。
There is n need （fr sb.） t d sth.=It is nt necessary （fr sb.） t d sth. （某人）没有必要做某事。
There is a/n pssibility is pssible/impssible that... 有/没有可能……
There is n time （fr sb.） t d sth. （某人）没有时间做某事。
There is n pint/sense （in） ding sth. 做某事没有意义。
① 为了保护环境,我们急需选择一种既健康又环保的旅游方式。（倡议书）
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ a healthy and envirnmentally friendly way f travelling in rder t prtect the envirnment.
[答案]There is an urgent/a great need fr us t chse
② 因为忙于分发食物,志愿者们没有时间好好休息一下。
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ because they were ccupied handing ut fd.
[答案]There was n time fr the vlunteers t have a gd rest
③ 为那些我们无法控制的事情担心是没有意义的。
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ that are beynd ur cntrl.
[答案]There is n pint/sense （in） wrrying abut things
④ 若不踏出舒适区，我们绝无可能实现有意义的个人成长。
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ withut stepping ut f ur cmfrt zne.
[答案]There is n pssibility that we can achieve meaningful persnal
基础达标·巩固训练
一、核心知识训练
1．[2025·全国二]Well, since I bught a smartphne fr Julia last summer, it seems the phne has becme an _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （extend） f her arm.
[答案]extensin
2．[2023·新课标Ⅱ]Fr example, the experience f walking alng the edge f water might be satisfying fr a yung _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （prfessin） n a weekend hike in the park.
[答案]prfessinal
3．[2021·北京]UNESCO will prvide limited insurance _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （cver） up t USD30,000 fr the internship perid.
[答案]cverage
4．[2021·天津]Henry David Threau was happy t withdraw _ _ _ _ scial life, seeking a harmnius relatinship with nature in the quietness f his life.
[答案]frm
5．[2021·新高考Ⅰ]Jeff brke tw eggs int a plate and added in sme milk. Jenna fund the bread and put tw slices int the egg _ _ _ _ _ _ （mix） .
[答案]mixture
6．There is n need _ _ _ _ _ _ （tell） me yur answer nw. Give it sme thught and then let me knw.
[答案]t tell
7．Right after Erin tk pssessin _ _ _ _ my wallet n the bus, she psted a picture f my driver's license t an nline frum（论坛）, trying t see if anyne knew me.
[答案]f
8．It's easy t tell my pills _ _ _ _ because they're all in different clrs.
[答案]apart
9．He negtiated _ _ _ _ ther spnsrs f the exhibitin abut hw t rganize it perfectly.
[答案]with
10．He desn't have the freedm t chse what he likes, s I have mercy _ _ _ _ _ _ him.
[答案]n/upn
二、一词多义/熟词生义
1．从方框中选择下列句子中加黑词汇的汉语意思。
（1） withdraw
① Sensing his mistake, the minister withdrew his statement later. _ _ _ _
② Yu can withdraw mney frm the accunt at any time withut service charges. _ _ _ _
③ When hearing yu plan t withdraw frm the speech class, I felt surprised. _ _ _ _
（2） arrest
① They failed t arrest the cmpany's decline, feeling very frustrated. _ _ _ _
② It's reprted that 4 persns have been arrested fr the serius vilence._ _ _ _
③ Arrested by the latest electrnic tys, the little by std in frnt f the windws withut mving._ _ _ _
[答案]
① C
② A
③ B
（2） ① C
② A
③ B
2．阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的词性和汉语意思。
① All the peple present at the meeting applaud my decisin._ _ _ _ _ _
② Peple believe writing pems is a great channel fr expressing their feelings. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
③ The new type f glue bnds a variety f surfaces in secnds._ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
[答案]
① vt.称赞
② n.（表达的）方式,手段
③ vt.使牢固结合
写作提能·综合运用
一、应用文写作（保护海洋，投稿）
你校将以世界海洋日（Wrld Oceans Day）为主题,举办英语征文比赛,请你写一篇短文投稿。内容包括:（1）海洋的重要性;（2）保护海洋的措施;（3）保护海洋的倡议。
When it cmes t cean pllutin, it is becming mre and mre serius. Wrld Oceans Dayfalls n June 8th,and the aim f it is 1. （提高公众保护海洋的意识）.
2. （海洋在生态系统中起重要作用）.
It ffers us sufficient fd and maintains the balance f nature. Thus, it is significant that we prtect the cean. T begin with, 3. （迫切需要重视我们的日常行为）.
Fr instance, garbage can't be thrwn int the cean randmly. In additin, we can als hand ut leaflets t appeal t mre peple t prtect the cean. Undubtedly,4. （参与其中的人越多，海洋环境就越好）.
T cnclude, it is high time that 5. （我们致力于保护海洋）.
After all, t prtect the cean is t prtect urselves.
[答案]
1．t raise public awareness f cean cnservatin
2．The cean plays a critical rle in the ecsystem
3．there is an urgent need t attach imprtance t ur daily actins
4．the mre peple are invlved, the better the cean envirnment will be
5．we devted/cmmitted urselves t prtecting the cean
二、读后续写
主旨升华之“险境求生”
[答案]shwed bravery and calmness； every decisin can make a real difference； a gd knwledge f first aid； they never gave up and finally made it ut safely； It was their bravery and determinatin that enabled them t cnquer difficulties and return hme safely.A.vt.提取（存款） B.vi.退出 C.vt.收回（说过的话）
A.vt.逮捕 B.vt.吸引（注意） C.vt.阻止
语料积累
1.hld n 坚持住
2.keep calm 保持冷静
3.never give up 永不放弃
4.struggle fr survival 为生存而挣扎
5.find a way ut 找到出路
6.rely n neself 依靠自己
7.cnquer difficulties 克服困难
8.Only then did I realize that it was bravery and calmness that helped us ut f truble. 直到那时我才意识到，正是勇敢和冷静帮助我们摆脱困境。
9.Life will hit us unexpectedly, but there is always hpe waiting fr us.生活会出乎意料地打击我们，但总有希望在等着我们。
10.Sunshine always cmes after the rain. 阳光总在风雨后。
11.Whatever difficulty we are faced with, we shuldn't lse heart.无论我们面临什么困难，我们都不应该灰心。
12.A gd knwledge f first aid can make a real difference.掌握急救知识真的可以起作用。
语料运用
1.当面对危险时，他表现出了勇敢和冷静，为获救赢得了时间。
When faced with danger, he _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ , winning time fr rescue.
2.在危及生命的情况下，每一个决定都会产生真正的影响。
In a life-threatening situatin, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ .
3.在徒步旅行或露营等户外活动期间，掌握急救知识可能会成为救命稻草。
During utdr activities like hiking r camping, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ can be a lifesaver.
4.无论情况多么艰难，他们从不放弃，最终安全脱险。
N matter hw tugh the situatin was, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ .
5.正是他们的勇敢和决心，让他们克服困难，平安回家。 （强调句）
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _