上海市青浦区2025-2026学年第二学期高三年级学业质量调研英语试卷（二模）含答案

这是一份上海市青浦区2025-2026学年第二学期高三年级学业质量调研英语试卷（二模）含答案，共21页。
I. Grammar and Vcabulary
Sectin A
Directins: After reading the passage belw,fill in the blanks t make the passage cherent and grammatically crrect. Fr the blanks with a given wrd,fill in each blank with the prper frm f the given wrd;fr the ther blanks, use ne wrd that best fits each blank.
“Unhappy” Hrse Drives New Year Sales Bm
On 17 February 2026, China welcmed the Year f the Hrse, which symblizes energy and diligence. But the huge success f a faulty ty suggests that many Chinese are nt feeling the
festive atmsphere.
A red hrse ty prduced by Happy Sister in the city f Yiwu in the east f China
1 (mean) t wear a brad smile, but a factry errr meant it hit the shps, wearing a
wrried lk. Because the smile was placed upside dwn, the hrse’s nstrils (鼻孔) 2 be interpreted as tears.
Despite the errr, the ty went viral n scial media. Peple jked that the crying hrse is hw yu lk at wrk, while the smiling ne is hw yu lk 3 wrk.
By mid-February, the wner f Happy Sister said she was receiving daily rders f mre than 15,000 units, causing the extra prductin lines 4 (intrduce) immediately. The small wrkshp, which had struggled with slw sales fr mnths, suddenly
fund 5 flded with rders and struggling t keep up with demand.
Many Chinese white-cllar wrkers have endured the 996 system, 6 emplyees are required t wrk frm 9 am t 9 pm, six days a week. Thugh the practice was banned in 2021
after an emplyee died suddenly frm a late-night shift, lng vertime hurs are still cmmn tday.
Jacb Cke, CEO f an e-cmmerce firm, said, “Cnsumer prducts and internet memes
(网络梗) serve as a channel fr peple t discuss wrk pressure, a cnnectin shwing
7 frmal cmmunicatins ften fail t cnvey.” The crying hrse is a perfect example f
this, as it gives wrkers an alternative way t express their tiredness 8 they are criticized fr vicing their true feelings directly.
Meanwhile, rders fr the “crying hrse” have pured in wrldwide, with its image
9 (expect) t appear n varius prducts. The wner never fund ut wh sewed the
hrse’s smile n upside dwn. “Since we can’t figure ut exactly 10 mistake it was, we will just give everyne a bnus,” she said.
Sectin B
Directins: Fill in each blank with a prper wrd chsen frm the bx. Each wrd can be used nly nce. Nte that there is ne wrd mre than yu need.
The Surprising Truth abut Bdy Fat
If yu melted dwn the average UK adult, yu wuld find arund 22 kilgrams f creamy
yellw fat. It’s 11 t arund 88 pieces f butter and enugh t fill tw-thirds f a small suitcase r cast int 446 dinner candles.
What a disturbing thught! Peple have lng 12 bdy fat as nthing mre than extra weight, smething t get rid f. Yet this unwanted fat is underging a thrugh
13 . Far frm an inactive burden, it is a dynamic rgan with its wn memry and is capable f influencing everything frm appetite t immunity (免疫).
Due t limited research resurces, early studies culd nly 14 describe fat as a single stre fr extra calries, failing t recgnize its rle as a smart regulatr f ur bdy. Fat, it turns ut, isn’t a single thing. Cntaining a mix f prtective cells, nerves and bld vessels (血管), it has develped int smething _____15_____int the verall cntrl f bld sugar, bdy temperature and ther bdily functins.
The first 16 that we were underestimating ur bdy fat came in the 1990s with the discvery f leptin, a hrmne released by fat cells which acts n the brain t cntrl appetite and 17 energy cnsumptin. On the cntrary, when peple quickly lse fat, leptin
levels drp, which the brain interprets as a sign that energy stres might be 18 lw. It
respnds by strengthening hunger signals and reducing energy lss t help peple regain that lst fat.
The discvery f leptin revealed a hidden netwrk between fat and the rest fthe bdy.
Since then, we have discvered that fat cells release many mre hrmnes and ther signaling
chemicals, gradually prving ur ld pinins are 19 wrng. Sme scientists are even dedicated t 20 it instead — nt just t tackle weight prblems, but t imprve ur
brader health.
II. Reading Cmprehensin
Sectin A
Directins: Fr each blank in the fllwing passage there are fur wrds r phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the wrd r phrase that best fits the cntext.
Camera traps, nce belved tls fr wildlife enthusiasts t capture animal mments, have
prgressed int pwerful scientific instruments revealing a grundbreaking truth: mst mammals (哺乳动物) d nt keep t fixed daily schedules. Instead, they flexibly their activity
patterns t avid human presence. A grundbreaking glbal study published in Science Advances, emplying 8.9 millin bservatins frm ver 20,000 camera trap sites acrss 38 cuntries and six cntinents, has verturned decades f cnventinal classificatins f animal behavir.
Fr generatins, scientists categrized mammals int fixed grups: day-active, night-active, dawn-and-dusk-active, r active all the time. Hwever, this research — led by ver 200
internatinal researchers — uncvered that nly 39% f the 445 studied species fit neatly int
these bxes. A striking 74% regularly shifted their behavir envirnmental changes and human activities, demnstrating remarkable behaviral flexibility. Fr instance, elk, a kind f
large deer, develp well as bth day-active and night-active in remte regins with minimal
human disturbance but t strictly night-active habits in areas with heavy hiking, hunting, r urban develpment. Gray fxes and wild snwshe rabbits exhibited similar adaptive shifts,
survival ver fixed rutines.
This behaviral adjustment is a critical survival . Human activities ften damage
animals’ access t fd, water, shelter, r breeding pprtunities. By altering when they search fr fd r reprduce, mammals reduce direct with humans and ease stress. The camera trap
data — cllected frm backyards t wilderness — has created the largest standardized wildlife activity database, ffering incmparable int hw humans shape the natural wrld.
The study challenges the belief that mammals’ activity patterns are fixed. Camera trap data prves mst species mdify their habits based n factrs, especially in
high-human-activity regins where animals change their natural schedules t avid cntact. These shifts are calculated survival respnses: when resurces are disturbed, mammals shift their active perids t risk.
Beynd reshaping scientific understanding, these findings have practical fr
cnservatin. Knwing species avid humans by shifting t night activity guides wildlife
managers in designing prtectin plans. What began as a way t take animal phts has becme a tl that deepens ur f human-wildlife cexistence. This new understanding als
encurages us t ur wn behaviur t better share the planet.
Fr cnservatinists, the findings ffer clear fr prtectin plans, reducing human-wildlife cnflict and prmting harmnius cexistence. As human impact grws, recgnizing these adaptive shifts will be t preserving bidiversity.
21 ．A ．devte B ．adjust C ．track D ．generate
22 ．A ．in respnse t B ．in cntrast t C ．in reference t D ．in prprtin t
23 ．A ．respnd B ．bject C ．cntribute D ．switch
24 ．A ．ruling B ．spreading C ．priritizing D ．taking
25 ．A ．gesture B ．strategy C ．target D ．exchange
26 ．A ．cnflict B ．cperatin C ．negtiatin D ．cexistence
27 ．A ．admissins B ．divisin C ．insights D ．intrductin
28 ．A ．temprarily B ．accidentally C ．ccasinally D ．naturally
29 ．A ．unknwn B ．particular C ．external D ．sustainable
30 ．A ．multiply B ．detect C ．minimize D ．vercme
31 ．A ．distractins B ．limitatins C ．transfrmatins D ．implicatins
32 ．A ．cnfusin B ．cmprehensin C ．ignrance D ．inspiratin
33 ．A ．regulate B ．classify C ．cnceal D ．suspect
34 ．A ．criticisms B ．guidelines C ．preference D ．distinctin
35 ．A ．cntrary B ．irrelevant C ．secndary D ．crucial
Sectin B
Directins: Read the fllwing three passages. Each passage is fllwed by
several questins r unfinished statements. Fr each f them there are fur chices marked A, B, C and D. Chse the ne that fits best accrding t the infrmatin given in the passage yu have just read.
(A)
Fr nearly tw decades, I’ve studied what makes sme peple luckier than thers. Luck isn’t a lightning strike — it’s mre like the wind, always blwing. The difference lies in whether we’ve built a sail t catch it.
Twelve years ag, n an early mrning flight t Ecuadr, I decided t break my rutine.
Instead f putting n headphnes t sleep, I started a cnversatin with the man next t me — a
publisher. Later, I tk anther risk: I shwed him a bk prpsal I’d written fr a class prject. He plitely declined, but we exchanged cntacts. Mnths later, I had lunch with his team, during which ne f his editrs turned t me and asked, “Have yu ever thught abut writing a bk?” I smiled and replied, “Actually, yes.” I pulled ut the very same prpsal. This time, it fund the
right audience. Within tw weeks, I had a publishing cntract. Within tw years, the bk became a hit. All f this started with a simple “hell.”
Seven years ag, I was verseeing three highly cmpetitive fellwship prgrams at Stanfrd. When rejectin letters went ut, I expected disappintment. But a yung man named Brian sent a gracius nte: “I knw I’ve been rejected twice, but I want t thank yu fr the pprtunity. I
learned s much thrugh the prcess.” Struck by his maturity, I invited him t meet. Then,
drawing frm his experience n Stanfrd’s ftball team, we designed an independent study n leadership, which later inspired him t start a cmpany called Play fr Tmrrw. That single thank-yu nte changed bth ur paths.
Once, in my creativity class, I asked students t brainstrm bth the best and wrst ideas fr a new restaurant. After cllecting them, I tre up the “best” ideas and redistributed the “wrst” — like a restaurant in a garbage dump, r ne serving cckrach sushi. Their task: turn the terrible
idea int smething brilliant. Within minutes, they transfrmed them. The garbage dump
restaurant became a place that repurpsed unused fd frm Michelin-starred kitchens. The
cckrach sushi bar became a place fr special ingredients. The exercise revealed a truth: even the mst unlikely ideas cntain seeds f pssibility.
Luck rarely cmes frm nwhere. It grws frm small risks, genuine gratitude, and a willingness t see ptential where thers dn’t. .
36 ．Which f the fllwing is TRUE abut the authr’s experience twelve years ag?
A ．She was rejected at first, thugh her bk gt well received finally.
B ．She fllwed her rutine f keeping t herself n the flight t Ecuadr.
C ．She had a chance encunter with an editr because f a simple “hell”.
D ．She apprached the publisher, hping t present him with a bk prpsal.
37 ．The underlined wrd “verseeing” (paragraph 3) mst prbably means .
A ．bserving materials B ．watching things frm abve
C ．reviewing pieces f wrk D ．supervising the peratin
38 ．Based n the authr’s experiences in the passage, which f the fllwing wuld she mst likely encurage?
A ．Shwing appreciatin t whever ignred yur prpsal.
B ．Transfrming unlikely ideas int useful and creative slutins.
C ．Saying “hell” t strangers wishfully t encunter sme authrities.
D ．Keeping abandning gd ideas t creatively make fr new ptentials.
39 ．Which f the fllwing sentences best serves as the ending f the passage?
A ．If yu knw where luck cmes frm, it will naturally cme t yu in the end.
B ．S wait patiently fr the wind t cme — frtune will finally find its way t yu.
C ．The wind f luck is always blwing — yu just need t raise yur sail t catch it.
D ．Once yu take risks, shw gratitude and accept chances, yu’re sure t be lucky.
(B)
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40 ．This article is mst likely t be .
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C ．a ckbk preview that shws sample recipes
D ．a cking guide that teaches basic cking skills
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B ．By including step-by-step instructins with clr phtgraphs fr every recipe.
C ．By helping yu get rid f fatty, high-sdium cnvenience items frm yur fds.
D ．By teaching yu hw t make mney-saving hmemade versins f basic dishes.
42．Which f the fllwing is mentined as a feature f Taste f Hme made frm SCRATCH?
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(C)
① Many tech cmpanies assume that training artificial intelligence n mre data can help fix the nging prblem f AI’s multiplying human biases r prejudices.
② T put this assumptin t test, Abeba Birhane at the Mzilla Fundatin and her
clleagues cnducted a study where they cmpared tw data sets prvided by the Large-scale
Artificial Intelligence Open Netwrk (LAION), a nn-prfit that ffers pen-surce data sets fr AI training. One cntained 400 millin samples and the ther 2 billin, each an image cupled
with text descriptins.
③ The researchers trained AIs n millins f randmized samples frm bth data sets, and then challenged the AIs t classify human faces with neutral expressins taken frm a separate
pen-surce data set. There were several grups the AIs culd use, including: human being, animal, thief, criminal and suspicius persn.
④ Cmpared with thse trained n the smaller data set, AIs trained n the larger ne were mre than twice as likely t label black female faces as “criminal”, and five times as likely t d s fr black male faces. “The findings shw that the larger, the wrse, as ppsed t the ‘larger, the better’,” says Birhane.
⑤ A related cntent analysis f the tw data sets als shwed that the larger f the tw had statistically significant increases in the percentage f samples that cntained hateful r aggressive speech aimed at specific grups f peple.
⑥ “They’re the first nes I knw f that have lked at the impact f scale and hw
different data set sizes impact biases,” says Sasha Luccini at Hugging Face, a cmpany
develping tls fr sharing AI cde and data sets. Such findings challenge what has becme an unquestined assumptin that scaling up data sets makes fr mre diverse and less biased training data.
⑦ Jenia Jitsev at LAION says such claims are “t strng”, based n the specific
evaluatins used in the study. Still, he says the rganizatin is interested in wrking with the researchers n future evaluatins fthe LAION data sets.
⑧ “Many tech cmpanies and rganizatins still aren’t perfrming basic quality checks t erase biased r hateful samples frm training data sets,” says Vinay Prabhu, an independent
researcher in San Francisc and c-authr f the study. “Here are the lw-hanging fruits, and yu’re nt even picking the lw-hanging fruits.”
⑨ Anther challenge is that cmpanies such as OpenAI, Micrsft and Ggle ften train their AIs n their clsed data sets. The researchers suggest that such data sets may be even mre biased than the pen-surce versins ffered by LAION and ther rganizatins.
⑩ With LAION making data sets accessible t the public, Birhane says, “We hpe that big crpratins als fllw suit and pen up.”
43．Which statement abut the research prcedure and findings is TRUE accrding t the passage? A ．AIs were asked t classify faces frm a clsed data set int different grups.
B ．AIs trained n a larger data set tended t relate black faces t negative labels.
C ．The researchers trained AIs t cmpare images between tw LAION data sets.
D ．The cntent analysis shwed mst samples were biased twards certain peple.
44 ．What des Vinay Prabhu imply abut the tech cmpanies and rganizatins by making
remarks that “Here are the lw-hanging fruits, and yu’re nt even picking the lw-hanging fruits.” (in paragraph ⑧)?
A ．They believe cllecting larger data sets can tackle human biases.
B ．They’ve remved the mst biased samples frm the trained data set.
C ．They’ve made little prgress by fcusing n hw t reduce bias first.
D ．They skip an easy fix t screen ut biased cntent with quality checks.
45 ．Which f the fllwing statements crrectly reflects Abeba Birhane’s pinin?
A ．Their research may help prevent biases frm building up in large data sets.
B ．It is the first time researchers have assessed hw data sizes affect biases.
C ．It is hped that big crpratins will make their data sets publicly accessible.
D ．The finding is s strng and yet s incnclusive that mre studies are needed.
46 ．Which f the fllwing best serves as the title f this article?
A ．Fight Against Racism: Larger Data Sets Gain an Upper Hand
B ．Mre Data, Mre Bias: An Unexpected Finding n AI and Racism
C ．T Be Biased r Nt T Be: A Cmparative Analysis f AI Surces
D ．Racism Is Spreading: The Find Challenges a Lng-held Assumptin
Sectin C
Directins: Read the fllwing passage. Fill in each blank with a prper sentence given in the bx. Each sentence can nly be used nce. Nte that there are tw
sentences mre than yu need.
The Lengthy Seed Experiment
One f humanity’s lngest-running and mst classic scientific experiments, the William Beal Seed Viability Experiment, was initiated in 1879 by renwned btanist William James Beal at
Michigan State University. 47 At the time Beal started the experiment, little was knwn abut seed lngevity, and his wrk aimed t fill this gap with systematic, lng-term bservatin.
The experiment’s design was elegantly simple yet strictly scientific, ensuring reliable and
cnsistent results ver time. Beal carefully cllected seeds frm 23 cmmn plant species native
t the Michigan area, ranging frm wildflwers t grasses. This simple but strict design was key t the experiment’s lng-term success and reliability. He then mixed each grup f seeds with damp sand t clsely imitate the natural sil envirnment, prviding water and the prtectin seeds
wuld experience undergrund. These mixtures were sealed in 20 identical glass bttles, which were buried upside dwn n the university campus t prevent water build-up and rt. The bttles were placed in a quiet, undisturbed area, ensuring they wuld nly be tuched during scheduled digs. Initially, a bttle was dug up every five years t test seed survival ability. 48
Over mre than 140 years f cntinuus bservatin, the results have been remarkable and unexpected. While mst seeds lst their ability t grw within just a few decades, a small number f species have challenged all expectatins. As f the 2021 dig, seeds f sme plants successfully grew in labratry tests — prving their extrardinary ability t survive inactive in sil fr ver a century.
49 The experiment’s results have had a far-reaching impact n cnservatin and agricultural practices.
50 Scientists cntinue t debate why certain species maintain survival ability far
lnger than thers — whether it is due t the thickness f their seed cats, the amunt f internal nutrient strage, r ther unique bilgical features. Additinally, the experiment’s cntrlled
cnditins, including cnsistent sil cmpsitin, temperature, and dampness levels, raise
questins abut hw well the results translate int the diverse and ften unpredictable natural habitats fund arund the wrld. As the experiment cntinues (with the next dig planned fr 2040), it remains a pwerful prf t scientific patience and dedicatin, ffering invaluable insights that nly the passage f time can reveal.
A．Later, the interval was extended t 10, then 20 years, t lengthen the experiment’s lifespan and gather data ver a lnger perid.
B ．Hwever, the experiment’s findings have raised mre questins than they have answered.
C．Many scientists dubt whether the experiment will cntinue t prvide useful data in the future.
D．Its gal was t clse a majr gap in btanical knwledge abut hw lng seeds can stay alive in
nature.
E ．What’s mre, this surprising result has greatly changed peple’s traditinal understanding f seed life.
F ．Later, they dug up all bttles at nce t check the results immediately.
III. Summary Writing
51．Directins: Read the fllwing passage. Summarize the main idea and the main pint(s) f the
passage in n mre than 60 wrds. Use yur wn wrds asfar as pssible.
51.
Frest Lss Is Driving Msquites t Humans
Running alng Brazil’s castline, the Atlantic Frest supprts an extrardinary range f life, including hundreds f species f birds, fishes, mammals, and ther kinds f animals. Human
develpment has reduced the frest t rughly ne third f its riginal size. As peple mve
deeper int nce untuched habitats, wildlife is pushed ut, and msquites that nce fed n many different animals appear t be shifting their attentin tward humans, accrding t a study
published in Frntiers in Eclgy and Evlutin.
“Our study shws that msquites in the remaining frest areas have a clear preference fr humans,” said Dr. Jernim Alencar, a bilgist.
T find ut what msquites were feeding n, the research team set traps in tw nature
reserves in Ri de Janeir. They cllected ver 1,700 msquites frm 52 different species.
Female msquites that had recently fed n bld were studied in the lab. Scientists tk ut
DNA frm the bld inside the msquites and read a specific gene that wrks like a bilgical barcde. Each animal species has its wn versin f this genetic marker. By matching the
barcdes t reference databases, the team culd identify the animals that had been bitten.
The results shwed that amng the 27 identifiable bld meals, 18 came frm humans, 6 frm birds, and ne each frm an amphibian (两栖动物), a dg, and a muse.
Scientists believe that as frests disappear, natural hsts becme scarce. Msquites are
frced t seek new bld surces, and humans becme the mst cnvenient chice. In the regins studied, msquites spread viruses such as Yellw Fever, dengue, Zika, Mayar, Sabiá, and
Chikungunya. These infectins can pse serius health risks and may lead t lng-term diseases.
Althugh the study has sme limitatins, such as the small number f detectable samples, its findings are valuable. They can help guide msquit cntrl effrts and imprve early warning
systems fr disease utbreaks. “Knwing that msquites in an area have a strng preference fr humans serves as an alert fr transmissin risk,” c-authr Machad said.
IV. Translatin
Directins: Translate the fllwing sentences int English, using the wrds given in the brackets.
52 ．毋庸置疑，那些古老的遗迹总是令人心驰神往。（There be ）(汉译英)
53 ．要想养活这些娇嫩的花儿，就得保证光照充足、浇水及时和营养充分。（survive）(汉译英)
54 ．这位年轻的天文学家从未料到，儿时观星的爱好，竟会逐渐演变成自己的职业追求。 （evlve）(汉译英)
55．这座重建后的博物馆，其设计初衷是让参观者放慢脚步，而非走马观花。它邀请人们以自己的方式去探索、思考、畅想未来。（rush）(汉译英)
V. Guided Writing
56 ．Directins: Write an English cmpsitin in 120-150 wrds accrding t the instructins given belw in Chinese.
56．近来，“成为中国人”在国外社交平台上掀起了一股风潮，提到外国网友模仿我们晨练气功、喝温水、煲汤煮粥、在家穿拖鞋、泡脚等习惯。假如你是浦润中学的高三学生李青， 在学校公众号上浏览到主题为“Small Habits, Gentle Wisdm”的英文征稿活动。请你写一篇英文短文投稿，内容需包括：
1 ．介绍你的家庭中最具代表性的一种日常习惯;
2 结合自身经历与感受，谈谈这一习惯如何影响你的生活;
3 ．说明其中蕴含的生活智慧或文化内涵。
（注：文中不得出现真实的姓名及学校名称。）
1 ．was meant/had been meant 2 ．culd/might 3 ．after/ff 4 ．t be intrduced
5 ．itself 6 ．where 7 ．what/smething 8 ．in case 9 ．expected 10 ．whse
11 ．B 12 ．C 13 ．H 14 ．F 15 ．E 16 ．D 17 ．G 18 ．I
19 ．A 20 ．K
21 ．B 22 ．A 23 ．D 24 ．C 25 ．B 26 ．A 27 ．C 28 ．D
29 ．C 30 ．C 31 ．D 32 ．B 33 ．A 34 ．B 35 ．D
36 ．A 37 ．D 38 ．B 39 ．C
40 ．A 41 ．D 42 ．B
43 ．B 44 ．D 45 ．C 46 ．B
47 ．D 48 ．A 49 ．E 50 ．B
51．The study shws that frest lss in Brazil’s Atlantic Frest has frced msquites t shift their feeding preference t humans. By analyzing DNA frm msquit bld meals, researchers fund mst came frm humans. This greatly increases the risk f viral disease transmissin. The findings prvide key insights t guide msquit cntrl and early warning systems. (57 wrds)
52 ．There is n denying that thse remains frm the distant past have always fascinated peple.
53．These delicate flwers need sufficient sunlight, timely watering, and adequate nutrients, if they are t survive.
54 ．The yung astrnmer never anticipated that his childhd hbby f stargazing wuld eventually evlve int his prfessinal pursuit.
It never ccurred t the yung astrnmer that his hbby f stargazing since his childhd wuld eventually evlve int his (future) career pursuit.
55 ．Designed t slw visitrs dwn rather than make them walk thrugh it in a rush, the rebuilt museum invites visitrs t explre, reflect and imagine what lies ahead in their wn way.
56．
A. plainly B. equivalent C. dismissed D. clue E. integrated F. imprecisely G. bst H. reassessment I. running J. reserve K. reprgramming