上海市华东师范大学第二附属中学2025-2026学年第二学期期中考试卷高二英语试题含答案

这是一份上海市华东师范大学第二附属中学2025-2026学年第二学期期中考试卷高二英语试题含答案，文件包含2026新高考预测卷海南专版答案_4pdf、2026新高考预测卷海南专版_4pdf等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共12页， 欢迎下载使用。
(考试时间：105 分钟 卷面满分：115 分)
第 I 卷 I. Grammar and Vcabulary: (28 分)
Sectin A (8 分)
Directins: Beneath each f the fllwing sentences there are fur chices
marked A, B, C and D. Chse the ne answer that best cmpletes the sentence.
1 ．The explsin heard shrtly befre nn n Friday in Stckhlm is thught
by the gas leak, accrding t witnesses.
A ．t be caused B ．t have been caused
C ．f as being caused D ．f t be caused
2 ．Chemical prcesses in the plastic manufacture the
envirnment badly in sme cuntries nwadays.
A ．invlve … damaging B ．is invlved …damaged
C ．invlving … damage D ．invlved … damage
3 ．I nce in the cuntryside fr ten years, and that’s why I knw much abut vegetables and crps.
A ．had wrked B ．have wrked C ．was wrking D ．wrked
4 ．Thusands f fans Iraq’s victry ver the champin Japan
when bmbs explded, leaving mre than 50 dead and ver 100 wunded.
A ．were celebrating…defending B ．had celebrated…defending
C ．celebrated…defended D ．were celebrating…defended
5 ．He invented a device f great imprtance t deep sea study.
A ．which sme believe it is B ．which sme believe is
C ．sme believe which is D ．sme believe it is
6 ．It was in Hudsn Bay, ice melts in the summer and freezes in the fall, the plar bears’ terrible situatin first came t light.
A ．where that B ．that where
C ．that that D ．where where
7 ．A prblem immediately arse such a device wuld require a stable surce f funds.
A ．making B ．that making C ．t make D ．hw t make
8 ．Only individuals take full respnsibility fr their wn actins rather than shift blame t thers truly mature and ratinal.
A ．d…can they becme B ．when…wh will becme
C ．when…can they becme D ．d…they will becme
9 ．The schlar is still puzzled ver the tensin many peple feel between religin and science.
A ．as B ．hw C ．that D ．when
10 ．The sun was ht and the md was cheerful. a tall yung man with pale skin rapidly turning red.
A ．Walked thrugh the crwd B ．Thrugh the crwd walking
C ．Thrugh the crwd walked D ．Walking thrugh the crwd
11 ．That’s such a well-knwn place everyne wants t visit we can find it in
the map f the wrld.
A ．that as B ．as as C ．that that D ．as that
12 ．Ambitius many natinal net-zer cmmitments sund, they are largely unbacked by enfrceable laws and sufficient shrt-term emissins cuts.
A ．even B ．as C ．in D ．hw
13 ．Health authrities such sweeping restrictins nce vaccinatin rates had reached a sufficiently high level.
A ．needn’t have impsed B ．mustn’t have impsed
C ．shuldn’t impse D ．culdn’t impse
14 ． all natins cmmitted t envirnmental sustainability and supprted n the glbal stage.
A ．May…be respected B ．Shall…be respected
C ．Will…are respected D ．Can…being respected
15 ．In a digitally cnnected wrld, scial media platfrms ranges frm prtecting user privacy t curbing the spread f misinfrmatin and harmful cntent.
A ．what is expected f B ．it is expected that
C ．where it is expected D ．it is expected f
16 ．Whenever we hear f a natural disaster, even in a distant part f the wrld, we feel sympathetic t the peple .
A ．t affect B ．having been affected
C ．t have been affected D ．affected
Sectin B (10 分)
Directins: After reading the passage belw, fill in the blanks t make the passage
cherent and grammatically crrect. Fr the blanks with a given wrd, fill in each
blank with the prper frm f the given wrd; fr the ther blanks, use ne wrd that best fits each blank.
Be yurself — everyne else is taken
In ne f my favrite studies n the meaning in life, students were divided int three grups: ne wrte abut their “true self,” anther abut their “everyday self,”
and the third abut the campus bkstre. They then rated their sense f life meaning.
The researchers were interested in 17 detail the participants prvided in their varius essays, their assumptin being that the mre detailed a descriptin ne
prvides abut ne’s true self, the mre likely ne is 18 (get) authentically in tuch with that sense f self. Nt surprisingly, fr thse wh wrte abut their
everyday self r the campus bkstre, the level f detail shwed n relatin t their sense f life meaning. Yet amng thse wh wrte abut their true selves, greater
essay detail crrelated with a strnger experience f life meaning.
The empirical (实证) research backs up 19 philsphers prpsed
decades ag: There is great value in being able t live authentically and with neself, and such self-actualizatin can make ur lives feel truly wrth 20 (live). As the late philspher Lawrence Becker prclaimed, “Autnmus human lives have a dignity that is immeasurable, incmmensurable, infinite, beynd price.”
This theretical insight is backed up by recent empirical research in
self-determinatin thery, which has argued frcefully that autnmy is a
fundamental human need, the satisfactin f 21 is imprtant fr ur
psychlgical grwth, integrity and well-being. As ur bdy needs fd and water fr
its wellness and health, s ur mind needs a few basic psychscial experiences fr its wellness and health — and amng these needs, autnmy stands tall.
22 the need fr autnmy is built int the human mtivatinal system, it is n wnder that we find smething inherently wrthy and 23 (fulfill) in being able t live authentically. Basic psychlgical needs prvide a rbust
fundatin fr where t find meaning in life. And what 24 (apply) t whle lives is true als fr individual tasks. In my studies, I have shwn hw having
autnmy at wrk is ne f the key qualities that makes wrk meaningful.
While much f life’s meaning derives frm human cnnectin, ne cannt truly cnnect with thers 25 first being in tuch with neself; therwise, it is nt
the genuine self but a hllw persna (人格面具) that engages with thers. Only by understanding ne’s identity and rigins 26 ne begin t relate t thers
authentically.
Sectin C (10 分)
Directins: Cmplete the fllwing passage by using the wrds in the bx. Each wrd can nly be used nce. Nte that there is ne wrd.mre than yu need.
Chinese brand ZXMOTO’s breakthrugh win sparks nline buzz
Chinese mtrcycle manufacturer ZXMOTO has sparked a wave f excitement acrss Chinese scial media after 27 a histric duble victry at the
Superbike Wrld Champinship (WSBK) in Prtugal last weekend, in what many netizens see nt nly as a 28 mment fr Chinese high-end manufacturing, but als as an underdg stry wrthy f a film script.
Brand funder and wner Zhang Xue was 29 with emtin as he
watched the races. At the Prtima circuit, French rider Valentin Debise, racing n a ZXMOTO machine, wn bth Race 1 and Race 2 in the Wrld SSP categry, which
runs as a supprt class t WSBK.
Widely regarded as ne f the wrld’s tp prductin-based mtrcycle racing series, the WSBK has lng been dminated by 30 Eurpean and Japanese
brands such as Ducati and Yamaha. ZXMOTO’s success, therefre, marked a rare mment fr a Chinese mtrcycle maker n the tp f the pdium.
The first victry came n March 28, when Debise rde ZXMOTO’s 820RR-RS t win Race 1 f the Prtuguese rund by nearly fur secnds. He then returned the fllwing day t 31 Race 2, cmpleting a duble triumph. The team’s strng straight-line speed was especially nted by fans and cmmentatrs.
What added t the surprise was the price gap f the mtrcycles. Many Chinese netizens, as well as mtrcycle. enthusiasts in verseas markets, nted this was
32 f China’s manufacturing strength.
“As the Chinese natinal flag was raised n the pdium, and as Zhang Xue
std trackside with tears in his eyes, everyne 33 felt the same emtin
welling up. This was mre than just a champinship — it was the 34 f
China’s mtrcycle cmmunity after 20 years f perseverance, a milestne breaking the lng-standing dminance f Eurpe, the US, and Japan.”
Funded in Chngqing and 35 the initials fits funder, ZXMOTO has risen rapidly in just tw years, a trajectry many Chinese bservers described as an inspiring example f the cuntry’s manufacturing ambitins.
The team’s achievement resnated far beynd the racing cmmunity. Zhang’s name and the ZXMOTO brand quickly gained natinal attentin, while
mtrcycle-related stcks in China als saw 36 amid the excitement.
II. Reading Cmprehensin: (45 分) Sectin A (15 分)
Directins: Fr each blank in the fllwing passage there are fur wrds r
phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the wrd r phrase that best fits the cntext.
Nt-s cld blded
The wrd reptilian (爬虫类的) desn’t describe just lizards and snakes. When humans, it means an unfriendly, unfeeling type f persn.
But scientists agree that reptiles aren’t — they’re misunderstd.
Extensive research has shwn that reptiles experience a wide range f emtins and
that they’re highly scially cmplex animals. A grwing bdy f research pushes
back n the ntin that reptiles nly have the capacity fr survival instincts and nt fr emtinal intelligence.
Despite this wealth f evidence demnstrating reptiles’ emtinal capacity,
hwever, they’ve retained a reputatin fr being as emtinally as they are physically. These miscnceptins can lead t a lack f fr reptiles’ needs in captivity (人工圈养) and in the wild, advcates say. As mre and mre reptilian
species are threatened by habitat lss, scientists and cnservatinists say that
recgnizing reptiles’ capacity fr can help pet wners and plicymakers alike take better care f them.
Yet the myth f the emtinless “lizard brain” . Ppularized in the
1970s by astrnmer and science cmmunicatr Carl Sagan, the term refers t the
parts f the human brain that we use fr . Accrding t this miscnceptin, the human brain evlved ver time by adding mre sphisticated structures t this underdevelped lizard brain, including the limbic (边缘的) system, which is
the surce f ur emtins. Because reptiles are ur evlutinary frerunners, sme researchers lng believed that this instinctual part f the brain was the nly part that riginated with ur ancestrs — and that withut humanlike brain
structures, reptiles didn’t have the capacity fr emtins at all.
Scientists have repeatedly disprven the miscnceptin thrughut the 20th and 21st centuries, with a 2019 review identifying 37 studies supprting reptiles’
emtinal capacity. While they may nt be utwardly in the same way that humans r ther mammals are, reptiles are indeed highly scial animals and have
develped cmplex fr parental care, curtship, and nesting.Yet even as research n reptile cntinues t build, the steretypes arund reptilian
emtins have persisted. Part f this is simply because reptiles their
emtins differently than humans. In a 2021 study, researchers fund that lizards emit chemicals t cmmunicate with each ther, meaning they’re much harder t than their mammalian cunterparts.
37 ．A ．applied t B ．bund by C ．cmpared t D ．relevant t
38 ．A ．senseless B ．hateful C ．cruel D ．emtinless
39．A．cmmnly ignred B．seemingly misleading C．widely accepted
D ．generally rejected
40 ．A ．cld-blded B ．sensitive C ．aggressive
D ．intelligent
41 ．A ．ignrance B ．awareness C ．tlerance D ．adaptability
42 ．A ．emtin B ．survival C ．sensibility D ．suffering
43 ．A ．persists B ．disappears C ．changes D ．emerges
44．A．emtinal respnses B．lgical thinking C．scial cmmunicatin
D ．survival instinct
45 ．A ．dramatically B ．slightly C ．prgressively
D ．ccasinally
46 ．A ．furry B ．feathered C ．scaly D ．leathered
47 ．A ．attractive B ．impressive C ．cperative D ．expressive
48 ．A ．rituals B ．cmmands C ．traditins D ．rules
49 ．A ．evlutin B ．dmesticatin C ．clnizatin D ．scializatin
50 ．A ．hide B ．experience C ．shw D ．cntrl
51 ．A ．read B ．trust C ．capture D ．apprach
Sectin B (22 分)
Directins: Read the fllwing fur passages. Each passage is fllwed by several questins. Fr each f them there are fur chices marked A, B, C and D.
Chse the ne that fits best accrding t the infrmatin given in the passage yu have just read.
(A)
When danger appraches, many creatures seem t fllw the ancient prverb
“the enemy f my enemy is my friend.” Researchers have recently fund subtle ways that animals cmmunicate with ther species in this kind f cperative defense pact. A recent study in Nature Eclgy & Evlutin dcumented mre than 20 bird species n fur cntinents that emit virtually identical “whining(哀鸣)” calls when they spt brd parasites such as cucks. That call, as rnithlgist James Kennerley ntes, is essentially a signal t recruit individuals f different species t cme tgether against this cmmn enemy.
Brd parasites lay eggs in ther birds’ nests, tricking the hst parents int
raising their chicks fr them. At a field site in Australia, Kennerley has witnessed
individuals frm a dzen r mre species attack a cuck in respnse t the chrus f whining calls They can be s fierce that Kennerley and his clleagues need t cage
the taxidermy(标本) cuck used in their experiments t prtect it frm being destryed.
Many birds als share a cmmn vcabulary fr predatrs. Research shws that varius sngbirds — and even red squirrels — prduce recgnizable high-pitched
“seet” calls t warn f a raptr(猛禽) in flight. The calls are t high-pitched fr
raptrs t hear well, s the predatrs remain unaware as infrmatin abut their
arrival spreads thrugh the frest. Besides cperative defense, crss-species
cmmunicatin als aids fd-finding and migratin, thugh sme interactins may be accidental. Clearly, cmplex crss-species cmmunicatin netwrks are pervasive and crucial fr animals’ survival.
52 ．Accrding t the passage, what d we knw abut the “whining” calls f birds? A ．They are unique t each bird species.
B ．They are used t call fr their wn kind.
C ．They can attract different species t fight against cucks.
D ．They were first discvered by researchers in Australia.
53 ．It can be inferred frm the passage that .
A ．all crsss-pecies cmmunicatin is fr defensive purpses
B ．raptrs can easily detect the “seet” calls f sngbirds
C ．Kennerley’s experiment failed because f the aggressive birds
D ．crsss-pecies cmmunicatin is helpful t animals’ survival
54 ．Which f the fllwing statements is incnsistent with the passage?
A ．Brd parasites depend n ther birds t raise their chicks.
B ．Over 20 bird species n fur cntinents use similar “whining” calls.
C ．Red squirrels can prduce “seet” calls t warn f flying raptrs.
D ．All crss-species cmmunicatin is deliberately planned by animals.
55 ．Which f the fllwing titles best fits the passage?
A ．Distant Diplmacy: Crss-species Cmmunicatin in Animals.
B ．Cperative Defense Amng Animals.
C ．Hw Birds Warn Each Other f Dangers.
D ．The Study f Animal Cmmunicatin.
(B)
Artificial intelligence (AI) is a ptentially wrld-changing technlgy with dual prspects: it culd help cure cancers, cntrl autnmus cars, and augment human intelligence, yet there
exists widespread cncern that it might lead t a rbt apcalypse and the dwnfall f humanity.
In the last decade, a particular flavur f AI, called machine learning, has becme
extremely pwerful. Rather than prgrammers giving machine learning AIs a definitive list f instructins, the AIs have t learn independently, with neural netwrks being the mst prevalent apprach.
Neural netwrks
A neural netwrk is an intricate web f cnnectins, inspired by the way
neurns cnnect in the human brain. Inputs wrk their way thrugh the netwrk,
guided by the strength f the cnnectins, t generate apprpriate utputs. Trained by thusands t millins f examples, they gradually refine their perfrmance. Thugh neural netwrks have been arund since the 1940s and 1950s, they nly attained
remarkable success recently, due t the huge rise in bth the amunt f data we
prduce and the amunt f cmputer pwer available — bth essential fr their training. Withut sufficient data r cmputing resurces, even the mst advanced neural netwrk design wuld fail t deliver accurate results.
Artificial general intelligence
Hwever, neural netwrks can’t d everything. A neural netwrk trained t d ne thing is next t useless at ding smething else. Thus, researchers are striving t create artificial general intelligence (AGI), which culd perfrm any task that the
human brain can. But we’re a lng way frm AGI at the mment, and there are
apprehensins that it culd surpass human intelligence and threaten humanity nce realized.
AI prblems
There’s n need t wrry abut AGI just yet, as we’re still far frm reaching it. Instead, current AIs face pressing cncerns. AI is already invlved in making
imprtant decisins, such as parle eligibility in parts f the US, jb suitability, lan
apprval, and insurance assessment. Yet AI is ften biased, picking up prejudices
frm its training data — fr instance, face recgnitin algrithms have lwer accuracy fr nn-white men due t lack f diversity in data. Additinally, AI decisins are
paque; hw neural netwrks reach cnclusins is hard t analyse, making errrs hard t diagnse and accuntability hard t pinpint, which impedes its use in trust-critical fields.
56．Which ne is a necessary cnditin fr neural netwrks t deliver accurate results? A ．Being trained with massive examples and having advanced design.
B ．Being develped with the latest technlgy and tested in varius fields.
C ．Being inspired by the way neurns cnnect in the human brain and well-trained.
D ．Having sufficient data and pwerful cmputing resurces.
57 ．Which f the fllwing is true abut AGI?
A ．It has been initially develped and tested in sme scientific fields.
B ．It is a future gal that is nt yet achieved.
C ．It is an upgraded versin f specialized AI t handle cmplex tasks.
D ．It will definitely bring threats t humanity if fully develped.
58 ．What des the underlined wrd “paque” in the last paragraph mst prbably mean?
A ．Clear and easy t understand
B ．Reliable and trustwrthy
C ．Unclear and hard t explain
D ．Cmplex and unchangeable
(C)
Outging persnality traits are ften assciated with tp crprate rles, but new research suggests businesses miss ut when they fail t find and prmte
executives with mre understated styles. Harvard Business Schl researcher
Francesca Gin has fund that intrverts can play a crucial rle in leading teams.
She and her cllabratrs asked bsses t rate hw extrverted they cnsidered themselves and then studied hw their teams wrked. They fund that extrverts were mre dminant, drve cnversatins and were less receptive t new ideas. Intrverts, n the ther hand, listened t ideas, internalized them and were able t imprve team perfrmance. Gin said that intrverts demnstrate superir perfrmance when they
are leading a team f practive wrkers.
It seems it's easier fr extrverts t climb the crprate ladder, she nted. A
2009 study cnducted by researchers fund that 60 percent f tp level executives
displayed high levels f extrversin. But intrverts clearly have smething t ffer, Gin said, citing examples f successful intrverted leaders, such as Amazn's Jeff Bezs and Bill Gates.
Extrverts feel mre energized by scial interactins whereas intrverts are
mre energized by slitud — but this isn't necessarily linked t hw shy r gd at,
say, public speaking, smene is, says Nancy Ancwitz, a business cmmunicatin
cach and authr f Selfprmtin fr Intrverts: The Quiet Guide t Getting Ahead. Intrverts can use simple cues t make sure their value is nt verlked, Ancwitz
said. "Smetimes it's raising a finger, leaning frward, saying smene' s name — any
f thse cues can wrk. The imprtant part is yu need t be heard, yu need t make yur cntributins knwn, therwise yu can get passed up fr the raises and ther
peple get the credit fr yur hard wrk.”
Sme·leadership traits might cme a little bit mre naturally t extrverts,
accrding t Jennifer Kahnweiler, an executive cach. Kahnweiler, wh defines
intrverts as lw-key thinkers wh are energized by slitude and prefer in-depth
cnversatin t casual chatter, interviewed intrverted executives wh successfully climbed the crprate ranks. These leaders had learned t put careful thught int their scial presentatin at wrk and t manage expectatins s that bsses and
c-wrkers culd see the up-side f their persnal wrk style. The executives she studied had a hyperawareness abut hw they were viewed and managed it t their benefit.
Accrding t Gin f Harvard Business Schl, ne f the key takeaways frm her research is that anyne can learn t practice effective leadership. She fund that
regardless f their persnality type, when pushed t try different styles, peple were able t learn the psitive leadership characteristics f bth intrverts and extrverts.
59 ．Unlike an extrvert, an intrverted leader perfrms best when .
A ．he is engaged in meaningful cnversatins
B ．the wrkers he leads ften take the initiatives
C ．he imprves n the new ideas prpsed by wrkers
D ．he becmes a cllabratr t his bss and wrkers
60 ．Intrverted leaders make their presence felt by .
A ．vercming shyness in public speaking
B ．wrking hard and cntributing t shared gals
C ．sending ut verbal r nnverbal signals
D ．getting credit fr what they have dne
61 ．Like the extrverts, intrverted leaders .
A ．tend t be lw-key but efficient thinkers.
B ．knw hw t cnduct cnversatin with wrkers.
C ．expect their wrkers and bsses t respect them.
D ．try t manage hw ther peple lk at them.
62 ．The new research mainly tells us that .
A ．intrverts can als becme great crprate leaders
B ．intrverts shuld fllw the examples f extrverts
C ．intrverts shuld change their leadership styles
D ．the best leaders cmbine the styles f intrverts and extrverts
Sectin C (8 分)
Directins: Fill in each blank in the article with a prper sentence given belw. Each sentence can be used nly nce. Nte that there are tw mre sentences
than yu need.
Why d we lie?
Yur dg really did eat yur hmewrk, and yu have n idea wh tk the last biscuit frm the sweet jar. Lying is in yur nature, but dn’t wrry — it’s in the
nature f mst humans 63
Humans are scial creatures, and we have ur giant brains t thank fr this. They evlved t be s large because we needed the extra space t be successful at
cmmunicating with thers and keeping ur scial grup happy. This has a lt f
advantages. By building bnds with thers, yu gain access t mre resurces, as
friends and family will share fd and shelter, helping yu ut when yu need it. But t keep these clse cnnectins smetimes we need t lie, as it supprts scial bnds, and therefre yu are mre likely t survive and pass n yur genes.
64 . Ever tld a friend yu lved their cking? Or lied t yur mm abut accidentally breaking smething? That’s these evlutinary mechanisms
kicking in, and whether it was t prtect yur reputatin r just avid upsetting smene, it prbably wrked well t prtect yur relatinships (if yu didn’t get caught that is).
Whatever reasn yu are lying, and hwever cmplex the lie, there are three main
parts f the brain that yu use when yu’re lying. These parts becme mre active when yu lie, and they can be seen using functinal MRI scanners — a much mre advanced versin f a lie detectr.
Hwever, we’ve nt always had the technlgy t help us detect a liar. Fr mst f histry, we have relied n ur bservatin and scial skills. We learned hw t
mnitr ther peple’s behavirs fr signs they were nt telling the truth — unusual eye cntact, sweating mre than usual, r elabrating n a stry with details that just dn’t sund believable. As ur ability t lie evlved, s did ur ability t detect lies. 65
Smetimes lying is used t manipulate thers fr persnal gains, such as cheating peple ut f mney. 66 .
A ．It requires us t remember lts f different infrmatin t keep the stry cnsistent.
B ．This has prven helpful, as nt every lie is tld because we want t keep ur friends.
C．Being able t detect a lie is helpful fr keeping ur resurces safe frm peple wh are dishnest.
D ．It is a skill unique t mdern humans, and ur ancient ancestrs had n ability t cmmunicate deceptively f any kind.
E．It’s a technique that has evlved ver billins f years, s it turns ut yu might nt actually have that much t feel bad abut.
F ．Althugh lying is frwned upn by sciety, it actually evlved as a way t fine- tune ur scial skills and strengthen ur relatinships.
III. Summary Writing(10 分)
67 ．Directins: Read the fllwing passage. Summarize the main idea and the main pint(s) f the passage in n mre than 60 wrds. Use yur wn wrds as far as
pssible.
In Defense f Oversharing
Think abut an rdinary day. Yu feel annyed after a meeting but say nthing. Yu pull back frm a friend wh said smething that hurt yu, withut explaining
why. We rarely even cnsider that revealing a persnal truth is an ptin. And when we d, we tend t think abut it in an unfair way: We verestimate the risks and
underestimate the benefits.
Imagine yu are cnsidering whether t tell a friend that their cmment hurt
yu. Yu will prbably wrry that yur friend might get defensive, feel awkward, r think yu’re being versensitive. What’s less likely t cme t mind are the risks f staying silent: lingering resentment(怨恨), a pattern f emtinal distance, r a
pattern f misunderstandings that slwly hurts the relatinship.
This skew (偏差) makes a certain psychlgical sense. The scial csts f
revealing are ften immediate and instinctive: an awkward pause, a fleeting lk f discmfrt. These mments threaten and teach us quickly what t avid. The benefits f revealing, by cntrast — crrected assumptins, increased trust, a feeling f being knwn — tend t unfld quietly and ver time. They’re harder t feel in the mment, which makes them easy t discunt.
But the prblem runs deeper than individual psychlgy. The very way we talk abut versharing is flawed. We treat revealing as a persnality trait — smething
yu either have r dn’t. Yu’re either “the kind f persn wh vershares,” r nt.
But revealing wisely is a skill. And like any skill, it imprves with practice, feedback, and reflectin.
Treating revealing as a skill makes it less scary. Skills can be learned. They can be dne imperfectly withut being disastrus. And perhaps mst imprtantly,
appreciating the benefits f revealing usually requires actually ding it. Silence never teaches us what might have happened if we had spken. Only revealing des.
Fr mst peple, getting better at this skill desn’t mean turning every
interactin int a cnfessinal(坦白). It means revealing a bit mre than yu nrmally wuld: explaining a reactin instead f swallwing it, sharing a cnstraint instead f letting thers misinterpret yur behavir, and naming uncertainty instead f prjecting cnfidence yu dn’t feel. These are nt grand acts f vulnerability. They are small
mves that make ur scial lives run mre smthly.
第 II 卷 I. Spelling (5 分)
Directins: Write ut the wrds accrding t the relevant definitins. The first letter is given t yu.
68．s adj. better than average r better than ther peple r things f the same type
69 ．p n. the pint when smebdy / smething is best, mst successful, strngest, etc.
70 ．r n. ppsitin t authrity; being unwilling t bey rules r accept nrmal standards f behaviur, dress, etc.
71 ．r v. t refuse t accept r cnsider smething
72 ．s n. the place and time at which the actin f a play, nvel, etc. takes place
73 ．c n. the reprting f news and sprt in newspapers and n the radi and televisin
74．p n. the crrect relatinship in size, degree, imprtance, etc. between ne thing and anther r between the parts f a whle
75 ．u "adv.by" adv. by everyne
"76．t________v.t" 76．t________ v. t find r discver smebdy / smething by lking carefully fr them / it
77 ．c adj. that makes yu pay attentin t it because it is s interesting and exciting
II. Recitatin (6 分)
Text 1
Directins: Fill in each blank with the missing wrds accrding t the text.
Rme and Juliet is a stry f lve, hate and teenage 78 79 strict parents. Macbeth shws the dangers f 80 81 . Othell deals with 82 ,
83 and 84
Text 2
Directins: Fill in each blank with the missing wrds accrding t the text.
Hwever, there are serius 85 prblems.Unlike traditinal jurnalism, citizen
jurnalism is largely unregulated, with little r n 86 — there is n ne t check the facts r trace surces. Such 87 stries can cause 88 r 89 affect the lives f rdinary peple.
III. Phrases (6 分)
Directins: Filling in the blanks with the prper frms f the phrases given in the bx. Each phrase can be used nly nce. There are tw mre phrases than yu need.
90 ．Cnsumers increasingly cnsider handmade crafts machine-made gds in terms f cultural value and artistic appeal!
91 ． cmprehensive evidence and crss-brder intelligence, law enfrcement agencies have successfully cracked several large-scale cyber fraud rings.
92 ．Children trapped in pverty-stricken areas equal access t quality educatin and sufficient medical resurces.
93． preferential tax plicies small and micr enterprises has becme
a crucial step in stabilizing emplyment and stimulating grwth.
94 ．The rewards btained frm hard wrk are rarely the time and energy invested in the early stages f a career.
95 ．Many lcal cmmunities risk ecnmically if lng-term investment and industrial upgrading cntinue t be delayed.
IV. Translatin 15% (3+3+4+5)
Directins: Translate the fllwing sentences int English, using the wrds given in the brackets.
96 ．新闻圈是个信息繁杂，内容常常真伪难辨的领域。(where) (汉译英)
__________________
1 ．B
考查非谓语动词。句意：据目击者称，周五中午前不久在斯德哥尔摩听到的爆炸声被认为是由煤气泄漏引起的。 "sth.is" sth. is thught t d 为固定用法，意为“某物被认为 ”。此处表示爆炸已经发生，且 cause 与 explsin 之间是逻辑上的被动关系，因此应用 t have been caused 。故选 B。
2 ．D
考查时态。句意：如今，在一些国家，塑料制造中涉及的化学过程严重破坏了环境。本句的主语是 Chemical prcesses ，谓语动词是第二个空格。所以第一个空格是个非谓语动词，invlved=which is invlved 。根据句尾的 nwadays 可知,谓语动词是现在时, 因为本题讲的是个发生在现在的事。故选 D。
3 ．D
考查时态。句意：我曾经在农村工作了十年，这就是为什么我对蔬菜和农作物了解很多。根据句意可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，和现在无关，应用一般过去时，表示过去一种事实，应用一般过去时。故选 D。
4 ．A
考查过去进行时和形容词。句意：当炸弹爆炸时，数千名球迷正在庆祝伊拉克战胜卫冕冠军日本队，造成 50 多人死亡，100 多人受伤。“过去进行时+when+一般过去时”意为“正在做某事时这时（另一件事）发生了” ，此处应用过去进行时。defending champin 意为“卫冕冠军” ，此处应用形容词 defending 表示“卫冕的” 。故选 A。
5 ．B
句意：他发明了一种装置，有人认为这种装置对于深海研究具有重要意义。分析句子可知，此处为含有插入语的定语从句，插入语不影响定语从句的基本结构，关系代词需在从句中充当成分且不能重复指代。先行词为 a device（物），用关系代词 which 引导定语从句，且必须置于从句开头。插入语为 sme believe（可直接去掉，不影响从句主干），从句主干应为：which is f great imprtance t deep sea study（which 指代 device ，在从句中作主语）所以该结构为：which (从句主语) + 插入语 (sme believe) + is (谓语)。
6 ．A
句意：正是在哈德逊湾 —— 这片夏季冰层融化、秋季冰层冻结的海域，北极熊的严峻生存状况首次被曝光。第一空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是 Hudsn Bay ，在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词 where ；去掉 it was和第二空句子依然完整，因此第二空考查
强调句，结构为 it was+强调部分+that/wh+其他，本句强调地点状语，应用 that。
7 ．B
句意：一个难题立即出现了：制造这样的设备需要一个稳定的资金来源。空格后面是“such a device wuld require a stable surce f funds” ，句意完整，解释说明 a prblem 的具 体内容，因此应为同位语从句。同位语从句通常由 that 引导，且 that 在从句中不充当成分，只起连接作用。四个选项中只有 B“that making”符合结构，即 that 引导同位语从句，从句主语是动名词短语 making such a device ，谓语是 wuld require。
8 ．C
句意：只有当人们为自己的行为承担全部责任、而非推卸责任给他人时，他们才能真正变得成熟理智。第一空引导时间状语从句，表示“ 当” 需用 when 引导；第二空，nly+状语置于句首，主句使用部分倒装，需要将助动词/情态动词/be动词置于主语 they 之前，becme用原形。
9 ．C
句意：这位学者仍然对许多人在宗教与科学之间感受到的那种矛盾纠结感到困惑。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词 the tensin ，指物，在定语从句中作宾语，需用关系代词 that 引导。
10 ．C
句意：烈日炎炎，气氛欢快，一位皮肤白皙、脸颊迅速泛红的高大年轻男子穿过人群走来。表示地点、方位的介词短语置于句首时，句子需使用完全倒装，谓语动词置于主语之前。本句中介词短语 Thrugh the crwd 放于句首，主句需倒装，谓语动词为 walked ，主语为 a tall yung man 。C 项符合完全倒装结构规则。
11 ．D
考查定语从句和结果状语从句。句意：那是一个众所周知的每个人都想去参观的地方，以致于我们可以在世界地图上找到它。分析句子结构可知，句子可划分为大小两个层次。第一个大层次为“That’s such a gd place we can find it in the map f the wrld” ，应是使用“(如此 以致于 )”结构，that 引导结果状语从句。“That’s such a
well-knwn place everyne wants t visit”为句子的第二个小层次，该层次中，
“ everyne wants t visit”为“ such a well-knwn place ”的定语从句，先行词在从句中作动词“visit” 的宾语，且先行词是“such＋名词” ，关系代词应是用 as 。因此，第一个空为
“as” ，第二个空为“that” 。第二个空 visit 后面没有名词作先行词，因此不是定语从句，因此
是状语从句 such that，而第一个空有先行词因此为定语从句 such as。故选 D 项。
12 ．B
句意： 尽管许多国家的净零排放承诺听起来雄心勃勃，但它们大多缺乏可执行的法律和充分的短期减排措施支持。A. even 甚至； "B.as" B. as 尽管； "C.in" C. in 在 里； "D.hw" D. hw 如何。此处需要引导让步状语从句，“形容词/副词 + as + 主语 + 谓语”是 as 引导让步状语从句的倒装结构，表示“尽管 ”。
13 ．A
句意： 疫苗接种率达到足够高的水平后，卫生部门本没必要实施如此大范围的管控措施。A. needn’t have impsed 本不必实施（实际施行了）；B. mustn’t have impsed 结构错误； must 表推测只用于肯定形式 must have dne；否定推测用 can’t have dne，无 mustn’t have dne 用法；C. shuldn’t impse 是现在/将来不该管控，本句 had reached 为过去完成时，整体语境为过去，时态不匹配；D. culdn’t impse 过去不能实施，语境为已经实施过了，语义不符。根据“nce vaccinatin rates had reached a sufficiently high level”可知，此处表示本不必做却做了。
14 ．A
句意： 愿所有致力于环境可持续性的国家在全球舞台上得到尊重并获得支持。这是一个表示祝愿的句子。“May +主语+动词原形”是一种常见的表示祝愿的结构，表达
“愿 ”。句意为“愿所有致力于环境可持续性的国家在全球舞台上得到尊重并获得支持”。这里用 May all respected 符合表达祝愿的语境。B 选项 Shall 一般用于第一人称的将来时或表示命令、允诺等；C 选项 Will 表将来，不符合祝愿的表达；D 选项 Can 表示能 力或可能性，且“ respected”结构错误。
15 ．A
句意： 在数字化互联的世界中，人们对社交媒体平台的要求涵盖从保护用户隐私到遏制虚假信息和有害内容传播等多个方面。空格后为谓语动词 ranges，整句缺少主语，需用主语从句作主语。A 选项中 what 引导主语从句，在从句中作主语，固定搭配 be expected f sb./sth.表示“对 的要求”，结构语义均符合；B 、D 项结构无法充当主语；C 项 where 引导从句在句中作状语，不符合句子成分需求。
16 ．D
句意： 每当我们听到自然灾害的消息，即使是在世界的遥远地区，我们也会同情受影响的人们。这里考查非谓语作定语， 修饰限定前面的名词， the peple 与affect 为被动关
系，且这件事相对于谓语动词已发生，表示被动和完成的动作用过去分词作后置定语，A项 t affect 是动词不定式一般形式，表示将来的动作，B 项 having been affected 是现在分词的完成被动式，一般不用于名词后作后置定语。C 项t have been affected 是不定式的完成被动式，通常不直接作后置定语。
17 ．hw much 18 ．t get 19 ．what 20 ．living 21 ．which 22 ．Given that
23 ．fulfilling 24 ．applies 25 ．withut 26 ．can
文章主要围绕做独一无二的自己展开讨论。
17．考查宾语从句。句意： 研究人员关注参与者在不同文章中所提供细节的丰富程度，他们的设想是：一个人对真实自我的描述越详尽，就越有可能真正触及自我本心。空处引导宾语从句，空格处应填入宾语从句的引导词，修饰不可数名词 detail，应用 hw much。
18 ．考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。设空处为表语，表目的，空处需填 t get。
19 ．考查宾语从句。句意：这项实证研究印证了哲学家们数十年前提出的观点：真诚坦荡、遵从本心的生活极具价值，这种自我实现能让我们的人生真正过得有意义。空处引导宾语从句，作 back up 的宾语，宾语从句中缺宾语，表示“ 的东西”，故用连接代词 what 引导。
20．考查非谓语动词。句意： 同上。固定搭配 be wrth ding sth.意为“值得做某事” ，主动形式表被动含义，空处需填动名词 living。
21．考查定语从句。句意： 自我决定理论的近期实证研究也佐证了这一理论观点，该理论明确提出，自主性是人类的基本需求，满足这一需求对我们的心理成长、人格完整与身心健康至关重要。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为 autnmy，指物，关系词在从句中作 f的宾语，且置于介词 f 之后，需用关系代词 which 引导。
22．考查状语从句。句意： 鉴于自主需求本就根植于人类的动机体系之中，我们会从遵从本心的生活里，感受到与生俱来的价值感与充实感，也就不足为奇了。前后为因果关系， 解释后文“不足为奇” 的原因，表示“鉴于，考虑到”应用 given that 引导状语从句，置于句首，首字母大写。
23 ．考查形容词。句意：同上。and 连接并列形容词，修饰不定代词 smething ，fulfilling意为“令人满足的”，符合语境。
24．考查时态和主谓一致。句意： 适用于整个人生的道理，同样也适用于各项日常事务。空处作谓语，全文为一般现在时，描述客观道理，主语为 what，故谓语动词用第三人称单数形式 applies。
25 ．考查介词。句意：尽管人生的诸多意义源自人与人之间的联结，但一个人若不先认清自我，便无法与他人建立真正的羁绊，否则，与人交往的不是真实的自我，而是空洞的人格面具。此处表示否定的条件，表示“没有”应用介词 withut。
26．考查情态动词。句意： 唯有认清自身的身份与来路，一个人才能真诚地与他人相处。表示“ 能够、可以”，用情态动词 can。
27 ．K 28 ．B 29 ．G 30 ．D 31 ．C 32 ．E 33 ．H 34 ．J
35 ．A 36 ．F
文章主要介绍中国摩托车制造商ZXMOTO 在葡萄牙世界超级摩托车锦标赛（WSBK）上取得历史性双冠，引发中国社交媒体热议，被视为中国高端制造业的突破时刻，彰显了中国制造实力，并带动了相关股票上涨。
27．考查非谓语动词。句意：中国摩托车制造商 ZXMOTO 上周末在葡萄牙世界超级摩托车锦标赛（WSBK）上取得历史性双冠，在中国社交媒体上引发了一波热议，许多网友认为这不仅是中国高端制造业的突破时刻，也是一个值得拍成电影的逆袭故事。空格处为介词 after后的宾语，应填动名词形式，securing“获得”为动词 secure 的动名词形式，符合句意。
28 ．考查名词。句意同上。空格处为 as 的宾语，应填名词，breakthrugh“ 突破”为名词，符合句意。
29．考查动词。句意：品牌创始人和所有者张雪在观看比赛时情绪激动。空格处为谓语动词，根据后文“with emtin”可知，应用一般过去时的被动语态，verwhelmed“（感情上）使受不了，使不知所措”为动词 verwhelm 的过去分词形式，符合句意。
30 ．考查形容词。句意：WSBK 被广泛认为是世界上最顶尖的基于量产的摩托车赛车系列之一，长期以来一直由杜卡迪和雅马哈等老牌欧洲和日本品牌主导。空格处修饰名词 brands作定语，established“ 已确立的，已获确认的”为形容词，符合句意。
31．考查动词。句意：他第二天回来赢得了第二场比赛，完成了双冠。空格处为不定式后的动词原形，claim“赢得（奖项）；夺得（胜利）”为动词，符合句意。
32．考查名词。句意：许多中国网友以及海外市场的摩托车爱好者指出，这是中国制造实力的证据。空格处为表语，且和 this was 保持一致，应填名词单数形式，evidence“证据”为名词，符合句意。
33．考查形容词。句意：当中国国旗在领奖台上冉冉升起，张雪站在赛道边热泪盈眶时，在场的每个人都感受到了同样的激动。present 为形容词，意为“在场的”，修饰 everyne，作后
置定语，符合句意。
34 ．考查名词。句意：这不仅仅是一个冠军——这是中国摩托车界在坚持 20 年后的呐喊，是一个打破欧洲、美国和日本长期主导地位的里程碑。空格处为表语， 且被 the 限定，应填名词单数形式，rar“呐喊”为名词，符合句意。
35 ．考查非谓语动词。句意：ZXMOTO 成立于重庆，以创始人的姓名首字母命名，在短短两年内迅速崛起，许多中国观察家将其描述为中国制造业雄心的鼓舞人心的例子。空格处为非谓语动词，和句子逻辑主语 ZXMOTO 之间是主动关系，应填现在分词形式作状语，
bearing“带有（标记、特征）；显示”为动词 bear 的现在分词形式，符合句意。
36 ．考查名词。句意： 张的名字和 ZXMOTO 品牌迅速引起了全国的关注，而中国摩托车相关股票也在兴奋中上涨。空格处为 saw 的宾语，应填名词，gains“增加；上涨”为名词，符合句意。
37 ．A 38 ．D 39 ．C 40 ．A 41 ．B 42 ．A 43 ．A 44 ．D
45 ．C 46 ．C 47 ．D 48 ．A 49 ．D 50 ．C 51 ．A
主要介绍的是人们对爬行动物存在情感冷漠的误解，而研究表明它们情感丰富且社交复杂，尽管有证据，误解仍存。
37 ．考查动词短语。句意：当这个词用于形容人类时，它指的是一种不友好、无情的人。
A. applied t 应用于，适用于；B. bund by 受 约束；C. cmpared t 与 相比；D. relevant t 与 相关。根据后文“it means an unfriendly, unfeeling type f persn.”可知，这个词用于描述人类时的含义。
38 ．考查形容词。句意：但科学家们一致认为爬行动物并非没有情感——它们被误解了。
A. senseless 无意义的；B. hateful 可恨的；C. cruel 残忍的；D. emtinless 无情感的。根据后文“they’re misunderstd” 以及“Extensive research has shwn that reptiles experience a wide
range f emtins”可知，爬行动物并非没有情感。
39．考查形容词短语。句意：越来越多的研究反驳了这种被广泛接受的观念，即爬行动物只有生存本能，而没有情商。A. cmmnly ignred 普遍被忽视的；B. seemingly misleading 看 似误导的；C. widely accepted 被广泛接受的；D. generally rejected 普遍被拒绝的。由“A grwing bdy f research pushes back n”可知，是反驳一种观念，这种观念应该是被大众广泛接受的， widely accepted 符合语境。
40．考查形容词。句意：然而，尽管有大量证据表明爬行动物有情感能力，但它们在情感上
和身体上一样冷血的名声依然存在。A. cld-blded 冷血的；B. sensitive 敏感的；C. aggressive好斗的；D. intelligent 聪明的。根据前文“it means an unfriendly, unfeeling type f persn”提到人们认为爬行动物情感冷漠，这里说名声依旧。
41．考查名词。句意：倡导者说，这些误解可能导致在圈养和野外环境中，人们对爬行动物的需求缺乏认识。A. ignrance 无知；B. awareness 认识，意识；C. tlerance 容忍；D. adaptability适应性。根据前文“These miscnceptins”可知，因为存在误解，所以人们对爬行动物的需求缺乏认识。
42．考查名词。句意：科学家和自然资源保护者说，认识到爬行动物的情感能力可以帮助宠物主人和政策制定者更好地照顾它们。A. emtin 情感；B. survival 生存；C. sensibility 敏感性；D. suffering 痛苦。根据前文“reptiles experience a wide range f emtins”一直说爬行动物有情感，这里说认识到它们的情感能力能帮助更好照顾它们。
43 ．考查动词。句意：然而，“蜥蜴脑”没有情感的神话依然存在。A. persists 持续存在；B. disappears 消失；C. changes 改变；D. emerges 出现。根据前文“Yet” 以及后文“the steretypes arund reptilian emtins have persisted”可知，这种错误观念依然存在。
44 ．考查名词短语。句意：这个术语由天文学家兼科学传播者卡尔·萨根在 20 世纪 70 年代推广开来，指的是人类大脑中用于生存本能的部分。A. emtinal respnses 情感反应；B.
lgical thinking 逻辑思维； "C.scial" C. scial cmmunicatin 社会交流；D. survival instinct 生存本能。根据后文“Accrding t this miscnceptin, the human brain evlved ver time by adding
mre sphisticated structures t this underdevelped lizard brain” 以及“this instinctual part f the brain”可知，这个词指的是用于生存本能的大脑部分。
45．考查副词。句意：根据这种误解，人类大脑随着时间的推移，通过逐步在这个发育不全的“蜥蜴脑”上增加更复杂的结构而进化，包括边缘系统，这是我们情感的来源。A.
dramatically 显著地；B. slightly 轻微地；C. prgressively 逐步地；D. ccasinally 偶尔。根据后文“mre sphisticated structures t this underdevelped lizard brain”可知，这里说大脑进化是逐步增加复杂结构。
46．考查形容词。句意：因为爬行动物是我们进化的先驱，一些研究人员长期以来认为，大脑的这一本能部分是唯一起源于我们有鳞片的祖先的部分——而且没有类人猿的大脑结构，爬行动物根本没有情感能力。A. furry 多毛的；B. feathered 有羽毛的；C. scaly 有鳞片的；
D. leathered 有皮革的。根据常识可知，爬行动物的特点是有鳞片。
47 ．考查形容词。句意：虽然它们可能不像人类或其他哺乳动物那样在外表上富有表现力，
但爬行动物确实是高度社会化的动物，并且已经发展出了复杂的育雏、求偶和筑巢仪式。
A. attractive 有吸引力的；B. impressive 令人印象深刻的；C. cperative 合作的；D. expressive富有表现力的。根据前文“While they may nt be utwardly”可知，这里说爬行动物不像人类或哺乳动物那样在外表上能明显表现情感。
48．考查名词。句意：虽然它们可能不像人类或其他哺乳动物那样在外表上富有表现力，但爬行动物确实是高度社会化的动物，并且已经发展出了复杂的育雏、求偶和筑巢仪式。A.
rituals 仪式；B. cmmands 命令；C. traditins 传统；D. rules 规则。这里说爬行动物在育雏、求偶和筑巢方面有复杂的行为方式，rituals 可表示这些特定的行为仪式，符合语境。
49．考查名词句意：然而，即使关于爬行动物社会化的研究不断积累，围绕爬行动物情感的刻板印象仍然存在。A. evlutin 进化；B. dmesticatin 驯化；C. clnizatin 殖民化；D.
scializatin 社会化。根据前文“highly scial animals”可知，爬行动物是高度社会化动物，这里说关于它们社会化的研究。
50 ．考查动词。句意：部分原因仅仅是因为爬行动物表达情感的方式与人类不同。A. hide隐藏；B. experience 经历； "C.shw" C. shw 展示，表达；D. cntrl 控制。根据后文“In a 2021 study, researchers fund that lizards emit chemicals t cmmunicate with each ther”可知，蜥蜴通过释放化学物质交流，即表达情感方式不同。
51 ．考查动词。句意：在 2021 年的一项研究中，研究人员发现蜥蜴通过释放化学物质相互交流，这意味着它们比哺乳动物更难被理解。 "A.read" A. read 理解，读懂； "B.trust" B. trust 信任；C. capture捕获；D. apprach 接近。根据前文“In a 2021 study, researchers fund that lizards emit chemicals t cmmunicate with each ther, meaning they’re much harder”可知，因为蜥蜴通过释放化学物质交流，所以比起哺乳动物更难被理解。
52 ．C 53 ．D 54 ．D 55 ．A
文章主要介绍研究发现当危险来临时，许多动物会遵循“敌人的敌人就是朋友”这一原则，以微妙方式与其他物种进行跨物种交流，这种交流在防御、觅食和迁徙等方面对动物生存至关重要。
52 ．细节理解题。根据第一段“A recent study in Nature Eclgy & Evlutin dcumented mre than 20 bird species n fur cntinents that emit virtually identical “whining(哀鸣)” calls when
they spt brd parasites such as cucks. That call, as rnithlgist James Kennerley ntes, is
essentially a signal t recruit individuals f different species t cme tgether against this cmmn enemy.(《自然·生态与进化》杂志最近的一项研究记录了四大洲 20 多种鸟类，当它们发现
像杜鹃这样的巢寄生鸟类时，会发出几乎相同的“哀鸣” 叫声。正如鸟类学家詹姆斯·肯纳利所指出的，这种叫声本质上是一种信号，用来召集不同物种的个体联合起来对抗这个共同的敌人)”可知，鸟类的“哀鸣” 叫声能吸引不同物种的鸟类一起对抗杜鹃。
53 ．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Clearly, cmplex crss-species cmmunicatin netwrks are pervasive and crucial fr animals’ survival.”(显然，复杂的跨物种交流网络无处不在，对动物的生存至关重要)”可知，跨物种交流对动物的生存有帮助。
54．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Besides cperative defense, crss-species cmmunicatin als aids fd - finding and migratin, thugh sme interactins may be accidental.(除了合作防御，跨物种交流还有助于觅食和迁徙，尽管有些互动可能是偶然的。）可知，并非所有的跨物种交流都是动物刻意计划的。
55．主旨大意题。主要介绍研究发现当危险来临时，许多动物会遵循“敌人的敌人就是朋友”这一原则，以微妙方式与其他物种进行跨物种交流，这种交流在防御、觅食和迁徙等方面对动物生存至关重要。A 选项“Distant Diplmacy: Crss-species Cmmunicatin in Animals(远距离外交：动物间的跨物种交流)”为最佳标题。
56 ．D 57 ．B 58 ．C
本文主要介绍了人工智能（AI）的相关内容，包括其潜力、机器学习中的神经网络、人工通用智能（AGI）以及当前 AI 面临的问题。
56 ．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Thugh neural netwrks have been arund since the 1940s and 1950s, they nly attained remarkable success recently, due t the huge rise in bth the amunt f data we prduce and the amunt f cmputer pwer available — bth essential fr their
training. Withut sufficient data r cmputing resurces, even the mst advanced neural netwrk design wuld fail t deliver accurate results.(尽管神经网络自 20 世纪 40 年代和 50 年代就已存在，但直到最近才取得显著成功，这是由于我们产生的数据量和可用的计算机算力的大幅提升——这两者对其训练都至关重要。没有足够的数据或计算资源，即使是最先进的神经网络设计也无法提供准确的结果。)”可知，神经网络要提供准确结果，必须有足够的数据和强大的计算资源。
57 ．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Thus, researchers are striving t create artificial general
intelligence (AGI), which culd perfrm any task that the human brain can. But we’re a lng way frm AGI at the mment, and there are apprehensins that it culd surpass human intelligence and threaten humanity nce realized.(因此，研究人员正在努力创造人工通用智能（AGI），它可以
执行人类大脑能执行的任何任务。但目前我们离 AGI 还有很长的路要走，而且有人担心，一旦实现，它可能会超越人类智能，威胁到人类。)”可知，AGI 是一个尚未实现的目标。
58．词句猜测题。根据最后一段中的“Additinally, AI decisins are paque; hw neural netwrks reach cnclusins is hard t analyse, making errrs hard t diagnse and accuntability hard t
pinpint, which impedes its use in trust-critical fields.(此外，人工智能的决策是 paque 的；神 经网络如何得出结论很难分析，这使得错误很难诊断，责任很难确定，这阻碍了它在关键信任领域的使用。)”可知，神经网络如何得出结论很难分析，错误很难诊断，责任很难确定，所以人工智能的决策是不清晰、难以解释的，由此可知，划线单词意为“不清晰、难以解释的” ，与“Unclear and hard t explain”意思一致。
59 ．B 60 ．C 61 ．D 62 ．A
本文主要探讨了性格内向的人在企业领导角色中的优势及作用，指出内向者也能成为优秀的企业领导者。
59 ．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Gin said that intrverts demnstrate superir perfrmance when they are leading a team f practive wrkers.(吉诺说，当内向者领导一群积极主动的员工时，他们会表现出卓越的表现。)”可知，与外向者不同，内向的领导者在领导主动工作的员工时表现最佳。
60．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Intrverts can use simple cues t make sure their value is nt verlked, Ancwitz said. ‘Smetimes it’s raising a finger, leaning frward, saying smene’s
name — any f thse cues can wrk. The imprtant part is yu need t be heard, yu need t
make yur cntributins knwn, therwise yu can get passed up fr the raises and ther peple
get the credit fr yur hard wrk.’(安科维茨说，内向的人可以用简单的暗示来确保自己的价值不被忽视。“有时候是举起一根手指，身体前倾，说出某人的名字——任何一种暗示都可以。重要的是你需要被听到，你需要让别人知道你的贡献，否则你会错过加薪的机会，而别人会为你的辛勤工作而获得赞誉。”)”可知，内向的领导者通过发出语言或非语言信号来让别人 感受到他们的存在。
61 ．细节理解题。根据第五段中的“These leaders had learned t put careful thught int their
scial presentatin at wrk and t manage expectatins s that bsses and c-wrkers culd see
the up-side f their persnal wrk style. The executives she studied had a hyperawareness abut
hw they were viewed and managed it t their benefit.(这些领导者学会了在工作中仔细思考自己的社交表现，和管理期望，以便老板和同事能够看到他们个人工作风格的优点。她研究的
这些高管们非常清楚别人是如何看待他们的，并利用这一点为自己谋利。)”可知，像外向者一样，内向的领导者也试图管理别人对他们的看法。
62 ．主旨大意题。根据根据第一段“Outging persnality traits are ften assciated with tp
crprate rles, but new research suggests businesses miss ut when they fail t find and prmte executives with mre understated styles. Harvard Business Schl researcher Francesca Gin has fund that intrverts can play a crucial rle in leading teams.(外向的性格特征通常与企业中的高层职位相关联，但新的研究表明，如果企业找不到并提拔风格较为低调的高管，就会错失良机。哈佛商学院研究员弗朗西斯卡·吉诺发现，内向者在领导团队方面可以发挥至关重要的作用。)”可知，新研究表明，企业如果未能发掘和提拔风格更为低调的内向型高管，就会错失良机。随后通过研究结果、具体例子和分析说明，论证了内向者也可以成为优秀的企业领导者。
63 ．E 64 ．F 65 ．B 66 ．C
这篇文章主要介绍了说谎是人类进化的本能，利于维系社交关系。人类说谎与识谎能力同步进化，善意谎言维护情谊，识破恶意谎言则能保护自身利益。
63 ．前文“Lying is in yur nature, but dn’t wrry - it’s in the nature f mst humans.( 说谎是你的天性，但别担心——大多数人类都有这种天性。)”指出“说谎是人类天性，不必担心” ，后文“Humans are scial creatures, and we have ur giant brains t thank fr this. They evlved t be s large because we needed the extra space t be successful at cmmunicating with thers and
keeping ur scial grup happy.( 人类是社会性生物，这要归功于我们那巨大的大脑。它们进化得如此之大，是因为我们需要额外的空间来成功地与他人交流并让我们的社交群体保持快乐。)”开始从进化角度解释说谎的起源。E 选项“It’s a technique that has evlved ver billins f years, s it turns ut yu might nt actually have that much t feel bad abut.( 这是一种进化了数十亿年的技能，所以你其实不必为此感到太内疚。)”完美承接前文的 “别担心” ，同时引出全文核心的 “进化视角” ，逻辑连贯。
64 ．第二段结尾“But t keep these clse cnnectins smetimes we need t lie, as it supprts
scial bnds, and therefre yu are mre likely t survive and pass n yur genes.( 但为了保持这些亲密的联系，有时我们需要说谎，因为这有助于维护社会关系，因此你更有可能生存下来并传递你的基因。)”说明“说谎能维持社会纽带、提升生存概率” ，第三段随即举“善意谎言保护人际关系” 的例子。F 选项“Althugh lying is frwned upn by sciety, it actually evlved as a way t fine- tune ur scial skills and strengthen ur relatinships.( 尽管社会普遍不赞成说
谎，但说谎实际上是随着进化而产生的一种用来完善我们社交技能并增强人际关系的手
段。)”起到承上启下的作用，既总结了第二段的进化结论，又为第三段的具体例子做了铺垫。
65 ．前文“We learned hw t mnitr ther peple’s behavirs fr signs they were nt telling the truth — unusual eye cntact, sweating mre than usual, r elabrating n a stry with details that just dn’t sund believable. As ur ability t lie evlved, s did ur ability t detect lies.( 我们学会了如何观察他人的行为，以寻找他们没有说实话的迹象——不寻常的眼神接触、出汗量超出平常、或者在讲述一个故事时加入一些听起来不太可信的细节。随着我们说谎能力的进化，我们识破谎言的能力也随之增强。)”指出人类的说谎能力和测谎能力是共同进化的。B 选项“This has prven helpful, as nt every lie is tld because we want t keep ur friends.( 这已被证明是有帮助的，因为并非每句谎言都是出于我们想要维系朋友关系的目的。)”是重要的转折过渡：前文一直在讲说谎的积极作用（维持关系），此处通过“并非所有谎言都是善意的” 引出下文第六段关于“恶意说谎（为个人利益操纵他人）”的内容。
66．前文“Smetimes lying is used t manipulate thers fr persnal gains, such as cheating peple ut f mney.( 有时说谎是为了个人利益而操纵他人，比如骗取别人的钱。)” 明确提出 “有些说谎是为了操纵他人谋取私利，比如骗钱” 。C 选项“Being able t detect a lie is helpful fr keeping ur resurces safe frm peple wh are dishnest.( 能够识破谎言有助于保护我们的资源免受不诚实者的侵害。)”直接回应了这一问题，解释了测谎能力在面对恶意谎言时的实际价值，与前文“测谎能力与说谎能力共同进化” 的观点形成闭环。
67 ． Peple usually verestimate the risks f sharing persnal feelings and ignre the harm f silence, fr its csts are immediate while benefits are lng-term. Actually, prper self-revealing is a learnable skill rather than a brn trait. Small and wise expressins f true thughts can reduce
misunderstanding and keep scial relatinships healthy.
本文反驳了人们对“坦诚分享” 的偏见，指出人们往往高估分享的即时尴尬风险、低估自我披露带来的益处；主张将明智的自我表露视为可通过练习提升的技能，而非天生性格特质，并建议通过适度、小范围的坦诚沟通，改善社交关系、减少误解。
1.要点摘录
① We verestimate the risks and underestimate the benefits.
② What’s less likely t cme t mind are the risks f staying silent.
③ But revealing wisely is a skill. And like any skill, it imprves with practice, feedback, and reflectin.
④ Skills can be learned.
⑤It means revealing a bit mre than yu nrmally wuld: explaining a reactin instead f
swallwing it, sharing a cnstraint instead f letting thers misinterpret yur behavir, naming uncertainty instead f prjecting cnfidence yu dn’t feel.
⑥They are small mves that make ur scial lives run mre smthly.
2.缜密构思
将要点①②进行整合；要点③④进行合并，要点⑤⑥进行概括合并。
3.遣词造句
Peple usually verestimate the risks f sharing persnal feelings and ignre the harm f silence, fr its csts are immediate while benefits are lng-term.
Actually, prper self-revealing is a learnable skill rather than a brn trait.
Small and wise expressins f true thughts can reduce misunderstanding and keep scial relatinships healthy.
[高分句型 1] Peple usually verestimate the risks f sharing persnal feelings and
ignre the harm f silence, fr its csts are immediate while benefits are lng-term. (运用了 fr 引导的原因状语从句，并用 while 连接的并列句，对前三段内容进行概括总结)
[高分句型 2] Small and wise expressins f true thughts can reduce misunderstanding and keep scial relatinships healthy.(运用 and 连接的并列结构对最后一段内容进行了高度凝练概括)
68 ．superir 69 ．peak 70 ．rebellin 71 ．reject 72 ．setting 73 ．cverage
74 ．prprtin 75 ．universally 76 ．track 77 ．captivating
68 ．根据汉语意思“优于一般水平的；优于同类人或事物的”。可知，答案为superir。
69 ．根据汉语意思“某人 / 某物状态最佳、最成功、最强盛的巅峰时刻”。可知，答案为peak。
70．根据汉语意思“反抗权威；不愿遵守规则、抵触主流行为举止与着装规范等”。可知， 答案为 rebellin。
71 ．根据汉语意思“拒绝接受或考虑某事”。可知，答案为 reject。
72 ．根据汉语意思“戏剧、小说等故事发生的地点与时间；故事背景”。可知，答案为setting。
73 ．根据汉语意思“报刊、广播、电视上的新闻与体育报道”。可知，答案为 cverage。
74 ．根据汉语意思“事物之间或整体各部分之间，在尺寸、程度、重要性等方面的均衡比例”。可知，答案为 prprtin。
75 ．根据汉语意思“人人地；普遍地”。可知，答案为 universally。
76 ．根据汉语意思“通过仔细搜寻，找到、发现人或事物”。可知，答案为 track。
77 ．根据汉语意思“ 因趣味十足、扣人心弦而引人关注的；极具吸引力的”。可知，答案为captivating。
78 ．rebellin 79 ．against 80 ．uncntrlled 81 ．ambitin 82．jealusy
83 ．racism 84 ．betrayal
本文主要介绍了莎士比亚几部经典作品所涉及的主题内容。
78 ．考查名词短语。句意：《罗密欧与朱丽叶》是一个关于爱情、仇恨以及青少年反抗严厉家长的故事。设空处要表达“反抗”，用 rebellin against，第一空应为 rebellin。
79 ．考查名词短语。句意：《罗密欧与朱丽叶》是一个关于爱情、仇恨以及青少年反抗严厉家长的故事。设空处要表达“反抗”，用 rebellin against，第二空应为 against。
80．考查名词短语。句意：《麦克白》展示了不受控制的野心的危险。设空处要表达“不受控制的野心”，用 uncntrlled ambitin，第三空为 uncntrlled。
81．考查名词短语。句意：《麦克白》展示了不受控制的野心的危险。设空处要表达“不受控制的野心”，用 uncntrlled ambitin，第四空为 ambitin。
82 ．考查名词。句意：《奥赛罗》涉及嫉妒、种族主义和背叛。设空处要表达“嫉妒”，用名词jealusy。
83 ．考查名词。句意：《奥赛罗》涉及嫉妒、种族主义和背叛。设空处要表达“种族主义”，用名词 racism。
84 ．考查名词。句意：《奥赛罗》涉及嫉妒、种族主义和背叛。设空处要表达“背叛”，用名词 betrayal。
85 ．ethical 86 ．accuntability 87 ．uncnfirmed 88 ．panic 89 ．therwise
这篇文章主要介绍了公民新闻相较于传统新闻的致命缺陷 —— 缺乏监管与问责机制，进而导致未经证实的信息泛滥，最终引发公众恐慌并从多方面损害普通人的正常生活。
85 ．考查形容词。句意：然而，这确实存在严重的伦理问题。根据后文“Unlike traditinal jurnalism, citizen jurnalism is largely unregulated”以及“there is n ne t check the facts r
trace surces”指出公民新闻无人监管、不核查事实、无来源追溯，属于新闻行业道德规范缺失，因此用形容词 ethical。
86．考查名词。句意：与传统新闻业不同，公民新闻在很大程度上是不受监管的，几乎没有或完全没有责任约束——没有谁来核查事实或追踪来源。根据下文“there is n ne t check
the facts r trace surces”破折号是解释说明标志，“没人核查事实、没人追溯来源” 的本质是：没有任何人需要为虚假或错误信息承担责任。名词 accuntability“追责机制”直指公民新闻最核心的制度缺陷。符合语境。
87．考查形容词。句意：这类未经证实的报道可能会引发恐慌，或者对普通民众的生活产生其他影响。根据前文“n ne t check the facts”提到无人核实事实，对应产出的就是
uncnfirmed stries“未经证实的报道” 。形容词 uncnfirmed“未经证实的” ，符合语境。
88．考查名词。句意：这类未经证实的报道可能会引发恐慌，或者对普通民众的生活产生其他影响。根据上下文内容可知，未经证实的新闻（尤其是灾难、安全类新闻）最直接、最典型的后果就是引发公众恐慌。panic 为名词“恐慌”符合语境。
89．考查副词。句意：这类未经证实的报道可能会引发恐慌，或者对普通民众的生活产生其他影响。分析句子可知，本句结构为 cause panic r therwise affect the lives f rdinary
peple ，表示“先引发恐慌，再以其他多种形式影响普通人的生活” 。副词 therwise“其他方式；除此之外”在这里起到补充说明危害维度的作用，体现了危害的全面性。
90．are superir t 91．Armed with 92．are deprived f 93 ． Extending t
94 ．in prprtin t 95 ．falling apart
90．考查形容词短语。句意：在文化价值和艺术吸引力方面，消费者越来越认为手工工艺品优于机器制造的商品！根据句意及空后“machine-made gds”可知，空处应表达“优于” ，be superir t 意为“优于” ，符合语境，在句中作宾语从句的谓语，陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语为 handmade crafts ，be 动词用 are。
91．考查动词短语。句意：凭借全面的证据和跨境情报，执法机构已成功破获数起大规模网络诈骗团伙。根据句意及“cmprehensive evidence and crss-brder intelligence”可知，空处应表达“用 武装/装备”，arm with 意为“用 武装/装备”，符合语境，此处为过去分词短语作状语。
92．考查动词短语。句意：贫困地区的儿童被剥夺了接受优质教育和获得充足医疗资源的平等机会。根据句意及空后“equal access t quality educatin and sufficient medical resurces”可知，空处应表达“剥夺”， 意为“剥夺”，符合语境，在句中作谓语，陈述客观事实，
用一般现在时，主语为 Children ，与 deprive 之间为被动关系，用一般现在时的被动语态， be 动词用 are。
93．考查动词短语。句意：将优惠税收政策扩大到小微企业，已成为稳定就业、刺激增长的关键一步。根据句意及空后“preferential tax plicies”和“small and micr enterprises”可知，空处应表达“将 扩大到”， "" 意为“将 扩大到”，符合语境，在句中作主语，用动名词形式，位于句首，首字母大写。
94．考查介词短语。句意：从努力工作中获得的回报很少与在职业生涯早期投入的时间和精力成正比。根据句意及空前“The rewards btained frm hard wrk are rarely”和空后“the time and energy invested in the early stages f a career”可知，空处应表达“与 成正比” ，in
prprtin t 意为“与 成正比” ，符合语境，在句中作表语。
95．考查动词短语。句意：如果长期投资和产业升级继续被推迟，许多当地社区将面临经济崩溃的风险。根据句意及空前“Many lcal cmmunities risk”和空后“ecnmically”可知，空处应表达“崩溃” ，fall apart 意为“崩溃” ，符合语境，risk ding sth.意为“ 冒险做某事” ，所以空处用动名词形式。
96 ．The wrld f jurnalism is a field where infrmatin is verwhelming and the truth f the cntent is ften hard t distinguish.
“新闻圈”用名词短语 the wrld f jurnalism 作主语；“领域”用名词 field 作表语；“信息繁杂，内容常常真伪难辨”用 where 引导的定语从句修饰先行词 a field，where 在从句中作地点状语，其中“信息”用名词 infrmatin 作从句主语，“繁杂”用形容词 verwhelming 作从句表语；“ 内容的真实性” 用名词短语 the truth f the cntent 作并列分句主语，“常常” 用副词 ften 作状语，“真伪难辨” 用形容词短语 hard t distinguish 作分句表语，两个分句由 and连接。描述客观情况，用一般现在时。
97 ．It cmes as n surprise that the directr’s sharp prtrayal f family bnds has tuched audiences f all ages.
根据句意以及句子提示词可知，该句为 It cmes as n surprise that ，表示“这并不令人意外的是 ”的固定句型，表示“这位导演对骨肉亲情的刻画入木三分”可译为 the
directr’s sharp prtrayal f family bnds ，其中，表示“入木三分”应为名词短语 sharp
prtrayal；表示“骨肉亲情”应为名词短语 family bnds；表示“打动了各个年龄段的观众”应为动词短语 tuch audiences f all ages，结合句意可知，此处为陈述已经完成的事情，为现在完成时。
98 ．Althugh time flies, Shakespeare’s wrks remain charming, transcend spatial-tempral and cultural differences, and set the highest benchmark in literature.
表示“尽管时光飞逝”用 althugh“尽管” 引导让步状语从句，从句中“ 时光飞逝”用 time flies ；主句中“莎士比亚的作品”翻译为 Shakespeare’s wrks ，作主语；“依然保持”用 remain作谓语；“魅力不减”用形容词 charming ，作表语；“超越时空文化差异”用 transcend
spatial-tempral and cultural differences ，“树立文学至高标杆”用 set the highest benchmark in literature。remain charming、transcend spatial-tempral and cultural differences 和 set the highest benchmark in literature 为并列关系，用连词 and 连接。
99 ．As if t highlight the inclusiveness f English, massive lanwrds are still included in daily use even if there are native equivalent wrds.
本句话描述客观现实，所以用一般现在时态。主语为“海量外来词”，可用短语 massive lanwrds，该短语在句中作主语。“被纳入”可用被动结构 be included，该结构在句中作谓语。 “ 日常使用之中”可翻译为 in daily use，在句中作状语，本部分译为 massive lanwrds are still included in daily use。“仿佛是为了”用 as if t d 结构，“ 凸显”可用动词 highlight，“英语的包容性”译为 the inclusiveness f English ，本部分译为 As if t highlight the inclusiveness f
English。“ 即便存在本土对应词汇”可用 even if 引导让步状语从句，“ 即便”用 even if，“存在”用 there be 句型，“本土对应词汇”译为 native equivalent wrds ，be 动词用 are ，本部分译为 even if there are native equivalent wrds 。全句按“ 目的状语+主句+让步状语”顺序组合。A.bearing B. breakthrugh C. claim D. established E. evidence
F. gains G. verwhelmed H. present I. recrd J. rar K. securing
arm…with be superir t fall apart in prprtin t cnvert…int extend…t deprive…f
97．这位导演对骨肉亲情的刻画入木三分，打动了各个年龄段的观众，这并不让人意外。(surprise) (汉译英)
98．尽管时光飞逝，莎士比亚的作品依然魅力不减，超越时空文化差异，树立文学至高标杆。(remain) (汉译英)
99．仿佛是为了凸显英语的包容性，即便存在本土对应词汇，海量外来词依然被纳入日常使用之中。(as if) (汉译英)