初中英语人教版（2024）八年级下册（2024）Section B备课课件ppt

这是一份初中英语人教版（2024）八年级下册（2024）Section B备课课件ppt，共24页。PPT课件主要包含了earthquake，typhoon，tsunami，hit，rock，happen，take place，名词 + 名词，形容词 + 名词，动词 + 名词等内容，欢迎下载使用。
能运用自然灾害类核心词汇及对应的动词搭配，自主造句描述自然灾害发生的场景，做到语法正确、表达清晰。
能辨析复合词构词逻辑，理解词义并完成选词填空。
能读懂有关火灾的语篇，梳理高温灾害事件脉络，同时准确使用单词的正确形式完成语篇填空。
Listen and guess
The grund shakes. Buildings fall dwn.There’s strng wind and heavy rain. It cmes frm the sea. Big waves cme frm the cean. It destrys everything.
What disaster is it?
What d we say when these disasters happen?
Sme wrds fr natural disasters g tgether with certain verbs.
Let’s learn
作名词：碰撞/很火的人或物Eg. The sng is a hit. 这首歌很火。作动词：击打,碰撞Eg. The car hit a tree, but n ne was hurt.
作名词：岩石/摇滚乐Eg. He threw a rck int the river.作动词：摇晃/震动/震惊Eg. The explsin rcked the building.
表示“偶然发生”（最常见）Eg. A strange thing happened yesterday.表示“（结果）发生”（某种情况出现）Eg. What happens if we miss the bus?
表示“发生”：多指会议、比赛、节日、变化等。Eg. The meeting will take place next Mnday.表示“举行”：强调经过安排。Eg. The wedding tk place in a garden.
sweep thrugh
表示“迅速蔓延 / 席卷”，强调某事物像风扫过一样，快速传遍一个区域或群体。Eg. The virus swept thrugh the cmmunity.病毒在社区里迅速蔓延。表示“扫视 / 环视”，指目光或光线快速、连续地移动。Eg. Her eyes swept thrugh the crwd.她的目光扫过人群。
字面义：风/气流“吹过”表面Eg. A cld wind blew acrss the lake. 冷风吹过湖面。比喻义：描述一种潮流、感觉或声音快速传开，但暗示来得快去得也快，不像 “sweep thrugh” 那样席卷彻底。Eg. A wave f relief blew acrss the crwd. 一阵如释重负的感觉掠过人群。
earthquake:hit / rcked / happened / tk place
An earthquake hit Japan yesterday.An earthquake rcked Japan yesterday.An earthquake happened in Japan yesterday.An earthquake tk place in Japan yesterday.
typhn:hit / landed / blew acrss
A typhn landed at 9 ’clck last night.A typhn hit the village at 9 ’clck last night.A typhn blew acrss the village at 9 ’clck last night.
tsunami:hit / came / swept thrugh
The tsunami swept thrugh the village.The tsunami hit the village.The tsunami came t the village.
合成词 (Cmpund Wrds)合成词是由两个或多个词组合在一起构成的新词。
一、复合名词 (Cmpund Nuns)
classrm (class + rm) 教室bkstre (bk + stre) 书店earthquake (earth + quake) 地震tthbrush (tth + brush) 牙刷sunglasses (sun + glasses) 太阳镜hmewrk (hme + wrk) 家庭作业basketball (basket + ball) 篮球firefighter (fire + fighter) 消防员
blackbard (black + bard) 黑板highway (high + way) 公路
breakfast (break + fast) 早餐washrm (wash + rm) 洗手间
二、复合形容词 (Cmpund Adjectives)
形容词 + 名词 + -ed：
gd-lking (gd + lking) 好看的kind-hearted (kind + hearted) 好心的
five-year-ld (five + year + ld) 五岁的ten-minute (ten + minute) 十分钟的
well-knwn (well + knwn) 著名的hard-wrking (hard + wrking) 勤奋的
三、常见复合形容词easy-ging 随和的，lng-term 长期的，full-time 全职的，wrld-famus 世界闻名的，left-handed 左撇子的
注意区别分开写 vs 合起来写，含义不同：
合成词的意思通常是两个词意思的结合，但有时也会有特殊含义，需要特别记忆！
black bard = 黑色的木板blackbard = 黑板green huse = 绿色的房子greenhuse = 温室
self-centered
Guess the meaning f the fllwing wrds.
snwstrm = snw (雪) + strm (风暴) → 暴风雪earthquake = earth (大地) + quake (震动) → 地震safeguard = safe (安全的) + guard (守卫) → 保护；保障fldwater = fld (洪水) + water (水) → 洪水；涝水landslide = land (陆地) + slide (滑动) → 山体滑坡；塌方manpwer = man (人) + pwer (力量 / 人力) → 人力；劳动力wildfire = wild (野外的) + fire (火) → 野火；山火heartbeat = heart (心脏) + beat (跳动) → 心跳；心跳声
landslide snwstrm earthquake safeguard fldwater manpwer wildfire heartbeat
1. The rescue wrkers need mre _____________ t clear the streets.2. The family built strng rfs t _____________ their huse frm heavy strms.3. The dctr listened t the man’s ____________ carefully.4. During the strm, the ___________ nearly reached ur windws.5. Peple shuld avid driving during a _____________ because it can be very difficult t see clearly n the rads.
 safeguard  
avid ding sth. 避免做某事
Cmplete the sentences using five f these wrds.
refuse drught warn hit safe wildfire
In August 2022, China experienced a great heatwave. It caused _________ in different parts f the cuntry. The heatwave _________ the suthwestern city f Chngqing very hard. Large _________ swept thrugh the frests and muntains there. Over 5,000 firefighters, plice, and vlunteers all wrked tgether t keep the peple and their hmes safe. They put ut the fires, brught mre than 1,500 peple t_________, and _________ thers t stay away frm dangerus areas. It was very hard t fight the fires because f the high temperatures and changeable winds, but the rescue wrkers ________ t give up. By the end f August, they managed t put ut all the fires.
stay away frm 远离
by the end f 到······结束时
wrk tgether t d sth 齐心协力做某事
manage t d sth 设法做成某事
Read the passage again and answer the fllwing questins.
When and where did the heatwave happen?What prblems did the heatwave cause in China? Why was it very hard t fight the fires? Wh wrked tgether t fight the fires? What des “refused t give up” tell us abut the rescue wrkers?What can we learn frm the sentence “they managed t put ut all the fires”?
It tells us that with hard wrk and teamwrk, peple can vercme big difficulties.
In August 2022, in China.
It caused drught and large wildfires.
Because f the high temperatures and changeable winds.
Over 5,000 firefighters, plice, and vlunteers.
It shws they were brave, determined and never gave up hpe.
rescue n. & v. 救援；营救 rescue team 救援队
1. The rescue wrkers need mre manpwer t clear the streets.救援人员需要更多人力来清理街道。
e.g. Firefighters rescued a cat frm the tree.消防员从树上救下了一只猫。 When I frgt my wallet, my friend came t the rescue.  我忘带钱包时，朋友赶来救急.
rescue sb. frm... 从……中救出某人cme t ne's rescue（前来营救某人）
2. Over 5,000 firefighters, plice, and vlunteers all wrked tgether t keep the peple and their hmes safe. 超过5000名消防员、警察和志愿者齐心协力保护人民和他们的家园安全。
vlunteer n. 志愿者；自告奋勇者 v. 自愿做；义务做
vlunteer t d sth. 自愿做某事vlunteer as sth. 自愿充当 vlunteer grup/team 志愿者团队vlunteer wrk/service 志愿工作/服务
e.g. My brther vlunteered t help at the fd bank.我哥哥自愿去食物银行帮忙。The vlunteers wrked day and night t fight the wildfire.志愿者们日夜奋战扑灭野火。She des vlunteer wrk every Saturday mrning.她每个周六上午做志愿工作。 He vlunteered as a tur guide at the museum.  他在博物馆当志愿导游