2026年高考英语终极冲刺讲义练习(全国通用)清单02动词的时态、语态和主谓一致(二)(抢分清单)(学生版+解析)
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这是一份2026年高考英语终极冲刺讲义练习(全国通用)清单02动词的时态、语态和主谓一致(二)(抢分清单)(学生版+解析),共21页。试卷主要包含了用法,使用被动语态时应注意的几个问题,主动变为被动时宾语的变化等内容,欢迎下载使用。
专题01 动词的语态
1.用法
被动语态的构成为“be+过去分词”,只要变换be的形式就可以得到不同时态的被动语态。除be外,被动语态的构成形式还有“get/becme+过去分词”。 只有及物动词或相当于及物动词的短语才有被动语态, 但注意某些及物动词和动词短语无被动语态: 如:have有;cst花费;lack 缺少;suit 适合;belng t 属于;suffer frm 遭受;date frm/back t 追溯到;cnsist f 由……组成;take part in参加; 不及物动词或短语无被动语态。常考的不及物动词或短语:happen/take place/ccur发生;remain剩下;break ut爆发;last持续;cme ut出版;cme up被提出;lse heart失去信心;run ut用完。情态动词,be ging t, be t, be sure t等结构变为被动语态时,只需将它们后面的动词原形变为“be+过去分词”。
2.使用被动语态时应注意的几个问题
(1)表示主语的某种属性特征或功能的动词,如read,write,sell,wash,clean,ck,draw等,常与well,easily,smthly等副词连用,常用其主动形式表达被动意义,主语通常是物。
Attentin!the sign reads as fllws. 注意,告示如下。
The clth desn’t wash well.这个布料不好洗。
(2)系动词如smell,taste,feel,lk,sund,prve等后接形容词作表语。
Junk fd tastes delicius but it desn’t cntain enugh nutritin.垃圾食品吃起来美味但营养不足。
(3)pen,clse,lck,mve,keep等动词常与wn’t,can’t,wuldn’t 连用。
N matter what he did t the drawer,it wuldn’t pen.不论他怎么对付这抽屉,它就是打不开。
(4)在need,want,require,deserve,bear等动词或wrth等形容词的后面,动名词用主动形式表示被动意义,其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式。
The building needs repairing/t be repaired.这所房子需要修理。
The pet is really wrth reading.这部诗歌的确值得一读。
(5)在某些“主语(人/物)+be+形容词+不定式”结构中用不定式的主动形式表达被动意义。常见的形容词有nice,easy,fit,hard,difficult,imprtant,impssible,pleasant,interesting等。be t blame也属于主动形式表被动意义。
The prblem is difficult t wrk ut.(可看作t wrk ut前省略了fr me)这道题很难计算。
Wh is t blame fr the mistake?这个错误应该归咎于谁?
3.主动变为被动时宾语的变化
(1)主动变为被动时双宾语的变化。
The reprters asked the president sme questins.
→The president was asked sme questins by the reprters.
→Sme questins were asked the president by the reprters.
(2)主动变为被动时,宾语成主语;(作补语的)不定式前需加t(位置不变)。
WI heard him say gd-bye t his friends.
→He was heard t say gd-bye t his friends.
【注意】动词短语变被动语态时,勿掉“尾巴”。
This dictinary must be taken gd care f.
附录:
被动语态的构成(以d为例)
1.(2025天津高考第一次)The reading materials ________ befre the training began, s that everyne had a cpy.
A. have printedB. had printedC. have been printedD. had been printed
【答案】D
【详解】考查时态语态。句意:这些阅读材料在培训开始前就已经印好了,因此每个人都能拿到一份。“打印阅读材料”发生在“培训开始”之前,“began”是过去式,过去的过去需用过去完成时(had + 过去分词),且主语与谓语构成被动关系,故用过去完成时的被动语态。故选D。
2.(2025天津高考第二次)Deng Jiaxian was ne f the 23 scientists wh ________ awarded fr their extrardinary cntributins t China’s “tw bmbs, ne satellite” prject.
A. wasB. wereC. hasD. have
【答案】B
【详解】考查主谓一致和动词语态。句意:邓稼先,是因对中国“两弹一星”工程做出卓越贡献而获奖的 23 位科学家之一。wh引导定语从句,先行词是the 23 scientists(复数名词),关系词wh代替先行词在从句中作主语,且与award为被动关系,事情发生在过去,时态用一般过去时,从句用一般过去时的被动语态,be动词用were。故选B。
3.(2024天津高考第一次)The fence between the tw tennis curts ________. Sn children will have enugh space fr ftball games.
A. are remvedB. is t be remved
C. were t be remvedD. was being remved
【答案】B
【详解】考查动词不定式的被动语态结构。句意:两个网球场之间的栅栏将被拆除。很快孩子们就有足够的空间踢足球了。此处为谓语动词的填入,由第二句中的“will”可知,该句应该用将来时,所以选项中动词不定式可以表示将来,主语The fence和动词remve为被动关系,所以为动词不定式的被动语态结构,结合主语The fence为单数名词,所以为动词三单形式。故选B项。
4.(2024天津高考第一次)This nline curse ________, but yu can still access and use the riginal versin.
A. has updatedB. had updated
C. has been updatedD. had been updated
【答案】C
【详解】考查时态语态。句意:这个在线课程已经更新,但你仍然可以访问和使用原始版本。根据“yu can still access and use the riginal versin”可知,此处暗示课程已经更新,但仍可使用原版本。主语This nline curse与谓语update为被动关系,应用现在完成时的被动语态。故选C项。
专题02 主谓一致
一.语法一致原则
1.动名词、动词不定式、从句、不定代词smene,anyne,everyne等作主语时,谓语动词常用单数。
Smene tells me that it is nt wrthwhile t give up my jb. (不定代词作主语)
Serving the peple is my great happiness.(动名词作主语)
Whether we’ll g depends n the weather. (从句作主语)
特别注意:(1)“many a/mre than ne+单数名词”作主语时,谓语动词用单数。(2) what引导的从句作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数形式,但如果从句表示复数意义,则谓语动词用复数形式。
What lies at the rt f his trubles is a sense f insecurity. (主语表示单数)
What the schl needs are qualified teachers. (主语表示复数)
Many a persn thinks it nt wise t leave the city I am living in. (many a/mre than ne+单数名词)
2.主语后有with, tgether with, alng with, except, besides, as well as等加名词或代词构成短语时,谓语动词的数要与前面的主语保持一致。and, 连接两个不同的主语时,谓语动词用复数形式;但是如果由and连接的两个名词表示同一个人或物,谓语动词用单数形式。用and连接的成对名词习惯上被看成是一个整体,如:bread and butter(黄油抹面包),knife and frk(刀叉)等作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
Amy, as well as her brthers, was given a warm welcme when returning t the village last week.(一个人)
Bth yu and I are teachers. (两个人以上)
The dancer and expert is said t perfrm in ur schl n Children’s Day. (一个人)
3.定语从句中关系代词作主语时,从句中的谓语动词要与先行词保持一致。
He is ne f the men wh were chsen t represent the grup.(指代the men)
He is the nly ne f thse bys wh is willing t take n anther assignment. (指代the by)
4. “形复意单”名词如:news;以-ics 结尾的学科名称如:physics,mathematics,ecnmics;国名如:the United States;报纸名如:the New Times;书名如:Arabian Nights(《天方夜谭》);以及the United Natins(联合国)等作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
5. 一些常用作复数或只有复数形式的名词,如gds,stairs,arms等作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。
6. 单复数同形的名词,如means,deer,sheep等作主语时,谓语动词单复数要视情况而定。
二.意义一致原则
1. 集体名词作主语时,若被看作一个整体,谓语动词用单数形式;若被看作构成集体的一个个成员,谓语动词用复数形式。常见的集体名词有family, class, team, grup, public, cmmittee, gvernment, audience等。
2. 表示时间、距离、重量、金额等的复数名词作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数形式。
3.“a number f+复数名词”作主语时,谓语动词用复数;“the number f+复数名词”作主语时,谓语动词用单数;“分数/百分数/the majrity f+名词”作主语时,谓语动词的单复数取决于f后名词的数以及其表示的意义;all, sme, half, mst, the rest等作主语时,谓语动词的单复数取决于主语实际表达的意义。
Tw-thirds f the peple present are against the plan.
The majrity f the damage is easy t repair.
4.“the+形容词”表示一类人,在句中作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。
三.就近一致原则
1.由r, , , nt nly... but als...,nt... but...等连接的词语作主语,谓语动词的数常与最近的主语保持一致。
注意:就近原则也适用于疑问句。在疑问句中,同样是依据最近的主语的单复数确定谓语动词的单复数。
Is either Tm r yu t be sent t wrk there?
是你还是汤姆要被派去那里工作?
2.由there, here引起的主语不止一个时,谓语动词的数通常和最邻近的主语保持一致。
There are many girls having a taste fr sweet fd, but neither my sister nr I am interested in candies.
1.(2025新高考I 卷)The players’ persnalities ________(reveal) during the game, and ne’s weaknesses are expsed t the ppnent,
【答案】are revealed
【解析】考查动词语态。句意:她补充说:“玩家的个性在游戏中显露出来,一个人的弱点会暴露给对手。”本句描述一般事实,时态用一般现在时,且主语The players’ persnalities与动词reveal“揭示,显示”为被动关系,所以空处需用一般现在时态的被动语态,主语为复数,be动词用are。故填are revealed。
2.(2025新高考II 卷)The “sunshine scent(香味)” f freshly sunned clthes ________(be) ne f them.
【答案】is
【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:晒过的衣服的“阳光的味道”就是其中之一。本句描述的是一般事实,时态用一般现在时,且主语The “sunshine scent (香味)” f freshly sunned clthes为第三人称单数,be动词用is。故填is。
3.(2025 浙江高考1月)The cncept ________(be) certainly nt new--men have been renting gd suits fr decades--but fr female shppers, it is just taking ff. This clthing-as-service mdel fllws the brader scietal mvement twards shared ecnmies.
【答案】is
【解析】考查动词时态和主谓一致。主语为单数“cncept”,描述一个广泛事实,应用一般现在时,故填is。
附录:
时间:10分钟 满分:16分 得分:_______
一. 单项选择
1.(2026届天津市南开区南开中学高考英语首考)The reading materials________ befre the training began, s that everyne had a cpy.
A. have printedB. had printedC. have been printedD. had been printed
【答案】D
【详解】考查时态语态。句意:这些阅读材料在培训开始前就已经印好了,因此每个人都能拿到一份。“打印阅读材料”发生在“培训开始”之前,“began”是过去式,过去的过去需用过去完成时(had + 过去分词),且主语与谓语构成被动关系,故用过去完成时的被动语态。故选D。
2.(2026届天津市南开区南开中学高考英语首考)Deng Jiaxian was ne f the 23 scientists wh ________ awarded fr their extrardinary cntributins t China’s “tw bmbs ne satellite” prject.
A. wasB. wereC. hasD. have
【答案】B
【详解】考查主谓一致和动词语态。句意:邓稼先,是因对中国“两弹一星”工程做出卓越贡献而获奖的 23 位科学家之一。wh引导定语从句,先行词是the 23 scientists(复数名词),关系词wh代替先行词在从句中作主语,且与award为被动关系,事情发生在过去,时态用一般过去时,从句用一般过去时的被动语态,be动词用were。故选B。
3.(2026届天津市三校联考)Nt nly many ancient Chinese pems but als the classic nvel Dream f the Red Chamber ________ t be translated int dzens f freign languages s far, and great cultural significance ________ t them by peple all ver the wrld.
A. have been prved; is attachedB. has been prved; are attached
C. have been prved; are attachedD. has been prved; is attached
【答案】D
【详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:不仅许多中国古代诗歌,就连经典小说《红楼梦》也已被证实已被翻译成数十种外语,而且它们在全世界范围内都具有极高的文化价值,受到人们的广泛重视。第一空主语与谓语构成被动关系,且Nt als... 谓语动词遵循就近原则,靠近的是 Dream f the Red Chamber(单数),所以第一空用 has been prved;第二空attach great significance t sth.表示“认为…… 有重要意义”,此处为被动关系,主语是 significance(不可数 / 单数),用 is attached。故选D。
4.(2026届天津市河西区第二学期高三年级总复习质量调查(一) The histrical wden bridge acrss the river ________ fr ver a year due t severe ersin, but the latest reprt says the restratin ________ and will repen next mnth.
A. has been clsed; is prgressing B. has been clsed; had prgressed
C. had been clsed; has been prgressing D. had been clsed; was prgressing
【答案】A
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意:河上那座历史悠久的木桥因严重侵蚀已经关闭一年多了,但最新报告称修复工作正在进行,下个月将重新开放。第一空根据时间状语“fr ver a year”可知,此处用现在完成时,bridge与clse是被动关系,且主语为第三人称单数,所以谓语动词用has been clsed;第二空表示现阶段正在进行的动作,结合“and will repen next mnth”可知,此处用现在进行时,谓语动词为第三人称单数,所以第二空为is prgressing。故选A项。
5.(2026届天津市红桥区高三下学期一模)One day I came hme and fund that a present ________ n the desk: a bk called The Art f Prcrastinatin.
A. has been leftB. was leavingC. had been leftD. had left
【答案】C
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意:有一天我回到家,发现桌上留了一份礼物:一本名为《拖延的艺术》的书。分析句子结构可知,fund为谓语动词,其后是由that引导的宾语从句。在这个宾语从句中,a present与leave之间是被动关系,即礼物是被留下的,所以要用被动语态;同时leave这个动作发生在fund之前,fund是一般过去时,那么leave就是过去的过去,要用过去完成时,过去完成时的被动语态结构是“had + been + 过去分词”。故选C。
6.( 2026届天津市河北区高三年级一模)Over the past tw hundred years, each f the Peking Opera masks ________ with unique clurs and patterns t help the audience identify the character immediately.
A. is designedB. had been designed C. was designedD. has been designed
【答案】D
【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意:在过去的两百年里,每一张京剧脸谱都被设计成独特的颜色和图案,以帮助观众立刻识别角色。根据时间状语“Over the past tw hundred years”可知,此处使用现在完成时,each f the Peking Opera masks和design为被动关系,需用被动语态。故选D。
7.(2026届天津市河北区高三年级一模)The list f recmmended bks fr the literature curses ________ twice accrding t the new curriculum guidelines since they were fficially released last mnth.
A. were updatedB. has been updatedC. updatedD. have updated
【答案】B
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意:自从上个月新课程指南正式发布以来,文学课程的推荐书目清单已经根据指南更新了两次。根据“since they were fficially released last mnth”可知,此处需用现在完成时,强调动作从过去持续到现在并可能继续;且主语The list f recmmended bks与谓语动词update之间是被动关系,需用现在完成时的被动语态,构成式为have/has been dne;又因主语为单数,助动词用has。故选B。
8. (2026届天津市耀华中学高三上学期假前训练)Several pages were fund ________ when the bk ________ me.
A. missing, returnedB. gne, was returned t
C. lst, was returnedD. disappeared, was returned t
【答案】B
【详解】考查形容词辨析与被动语态。句意:当这本书被归还给我时,发现有几页不见了。根据“Several pages were fund _______ ”可知,这里考查find sth. adj,表“发现某东西怎么样”,为固定用法,此处可用missing/gne/lst表示“丢失的、不见的”,disappeared一般不作形容词使用;第二空中,the bk和return是被动关系,要用被动语态,且return sth. t sb. 变为被动后是sth. be returned t sb.,且这里时态为一般过去时,因此was returned t符合结构,故选B项。
9.(2026届江苏省江阴市江阴市第二中学第一学期高三1月期末)Mre shpping centers ________ in ur city t prmte the lcal ecnmy in tw years.
A. are being built B. will be builtC. have been builtD. had been built
【答案】B
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意:在两年之后,我市将会建成更多购物中心以促进当地经济。设空处为谓语,根据时间状语in tw years,应用一般将来时;主语shpping centers与动词build之间是被动关系,应用一般将来时的被动语态will be built。 故选B。
10.(2026届天津市河东区第一学期高三年级期末质量检测)S far many a student ________ that hnesty and diligence ________ the key t success.
A. has realized; is B. have realized; are C. has realized; areD. have realized; is
【答案】C
【详解】考查主谓一致。句意:到目前为止,许多学生都已经认识到诚实和勤奋是取得成功的关键。第一空many a + 单数名词,谓语动词用单数;第二空hnesty and diligence作主语,谓语用复数。故选C。
二. 单句语法填空
1.(2026届云南昆明市第一中学高三3月复习诊断)Nw mre rutes ________(develp), including flwer-viewing turs, summer retreats and autumn jurneys, all f which are ppular amng senir travelers.
【答案】are being develped
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意:现在正在开发更多的路线,包括赏花之旅、避暑胜地和秋季之旅,这些都很受老年旅行者的欢迎。develp(开发)是谓语动词,与主语mre rutes之间是被动关系,结合时间状语Nw可知,描述目前正在发生的事情,应用现在进行时的被动语态,主语是复数名词,谓语动词用复数形式。故填are being develped。
2.(2026届福建恒一教育集团高三下学期联合模拟检测二模)The platfrm has enabled Ribeir t realise her dream with a great deal f freedm, as ppsed t a restaurant where the service is impersnal, the menu is knwn in advance, and the meal ________(expect) t be n surprise.
【答案】is expected
【详解】考查短语。句意:这个平台让里贝罗能够以极大的自由度来实现自己的梦想,这与餐厅的模式截然不同。在餐厅里,服务是缺乏人情味的,菜单事先就已公布,而且用餐体验通常不会有太多惊喜。短语be expected t d sth.表示“期望做某事”,结合上文the menu is knwn in advance可知为一般现在时的被动语态,主语为meal,谓语用单数。故填is expected。
3.(2026届河南鹤壁市高中英语学科规范化英语练习)As is ________(advertise), there will be all srts f paper-cutting at the exhibitin.
【答案】advertised
【详解】考查语态。句意:正如宣传的那样,展览上将会有各种各样的剪纸。as(指代整个主句内容)引导非限制定语从句,且在从句中作主语,与advertise是被动关系,空处填过去分词advertised与is构成一般现在时的被动语态。故填advertised。
4.(2026届河南信阳市浉河区信阳高级中学高三下学期03月测试)Knwn as the “king f paper”, Xuan paper has been recrding Chinese culture since it was ________(invent).
【答案】invented
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意:被誉为“纸中之王”的宣纸,自被发明以来,一直记录着中国文化。结合句意,it指代“Xuan paper”,与invent之间为被动关系,所以此处使用invent的过去分词形式与was构成一般过去时的被动语态。故填invented。
5.(2026届河南信阳市浉河区信阳高级中学北湖校区高三上学期01月测试)Then, a small amunt f water ________(add), and the pan is cvered.
【答案】is added
【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意:然后,加入少量的水,盖上锅盖。根据is cvered可知,句子描述客观事实,应用一般现在时,a small amunt f water和add之间是被动关系,应用一般现在时的被动语态,“a small amunt f+不可数名词”作主语,be动词应用is。故填is added。
6.(2026届河南信阳市浉河区信阳高级中学北湖校区高三上学期01月测试(二)It was he rather than I that ________(be) t blame.
【答案】was
【详解】考查强调句与主谓一致。句意:应该受到责备的其实是他,而不是我。此处为强调句It was…that…,且rather than连接主语,谓语与前面主语he一致。根据上文was可知为一般过去时。故填was。
时间:10分钟 满分:20分 得分:_______
一. 单项选择
1 Every by and every girl, as well as teachers wh ________ t visit the museum, ________ asked t be at the schl gate befre 8:30 in the mrning.
A. is, areB. are, isC. is, isD. are, are
【答案】B
【详解】考查主谓一致。句意:每个男孩、每个女孩,还有要去参观博物馆的老师们,都被要求早上 8 点半前在校门口集合。第一空wh指代前面的 teachers(复数),谓语复数are;第二空Every by and every girl作主语时,谓语用单数,所以用 is。故选B。
2. A new library ________ in ur cmmunity next year.
A. buildsB. builtC. will be builtD. is built
【答案】C
【详解】考查动词时态与语态。句意:明年我们社区将新建一座图书馆。根据next year可知,这里应用将来时,且主语a new library与谓语动词build是被动关系,需用一般将来时的被动语态“will be + 过去分词”。故选C项。
3. The ancient temple ________ by wrkers fr nearly a mnth and it ________ t the public next mnth.
A. repairs; pensB. is repaired; will pen
C. has been being repaired; will be penedD. repaired; was pened
【答案】C
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意:这座古寺已经被工人们修缮了近一个月,下个月将对公众开放。主语temple和repair是被动关系,结合时间状语fr nearly a mnth可知,此处表动作持续到现在且仍在进行,用现在完成进行时的被动语态;next mnth表将来,主语it(指代temple)与pen是被动关系,用一般将来时的被动语态,故选C。
4. The bridge ________ fr 50 years, but it is still in gd cnditin.
A. buildsB. is builtC. has builtD. has been built
【答案】D
【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意:这座桥已经建成50年了,但它仍然状况良好。A. builds修建(一般现在时的主动语态);B. is built被修建(一般现在时的被动语态);C. has built已修建(现在完成时的主动语态);D. has been built已被建成(现在完成时的被动语态)。由句意和时间状语“fr 50 years”可知,动作或状态从过去持续到现在,需用现在完成时。主语“The bridge”与动词“build”之间是被动关系,需用现在完成时的被动语态“have/has been dne”,主语为第三人称单数,助动词用has;build的过去分词为built,因此用has been built。故选D项。
5. The results f the exam ________ t the students next Mnday.
A. will annunce B. will be annuncedC. annunceD. are annunced
【答案】B
【详解】考查时态语态。句意:考试结果将于下周一公布给学生。“next Mnday”是将来时间,“results”与“annunce”是被动关系,用一般将来时的被动语态,故选B。
6. Rules ________ t keep rder in the schl, s everyne must fllw them.
A. makeB. are madeC. madeD. will be made
【答案】B
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意:学校制定规则是为了维持秩序,所以每个人都必须遵守。动词make和主语之间是被动关系,表经常性的被动动作,用一般现在时的被动语态,故选B。
7. The classrm ________ when the fire alarm went ff yesterday afternn.
A. cleansB. is cleanedC. was being cleanedD. had been cleaned
【答案】C
【详解】考查过去进行时的被动语态。句意:昨天下午火警响起时,教室正在被打扫。根据时间状语“when the fire alarm went ff yesterday afternn”可知,句子描述的是过去某个时刻正在进行的动作,需用过去进行时,classrm与clean是被动关系,表示教室被打扫,需用被动语态;主语The classrm是单数名词,be动词用was,故选C。
8. The nvel ________ by a famus writer in the 1990s and it has been translated int 10 languages.
A. writesB. wrteC. was writtenD. has been written
【答案】C
【详解】考查时态语态。句意:这部小说是一位著名作家在20世纪90年代写的,已被翻译成10种语言。“in the 1990s”是过去时间,“nvel”与“write”是被动关系,用一般过去时的被动语态,主语The nvel,be动词用was,故选C。
9. Over the past five years, large quantities f mney ________ in imprving the public transprt in ur prvince.
A. have been spentB. were spentC. has been spentD. was spent
【答案】A
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:在过去的五年中,我省投入了大量的资金来改善公共交通。“large quantities f +名词”作主语时,无论名词是可数还是不可数,谓语动词都用复数形式。根据句中时间状语Over the past five years可知,用现在完成时。故选A。
10. Every by and every girl ________ the 2024 New Year Day in ur classrm when suddenly ur belved principal entered the classrm, cnveying the best wishes and expectatins t us.
A. wuld bserve B. bservedC. were bservingD. was bserving
【答案】D
【详解】考查主谓一致及固定句型。 句意:每个男孩和女孩都正在我们的教室里庆祝 2024 年元旦,这时我们敬爱的校长突然走进教室,向我们传达了最美好的祝愿和期望。空处为主句的谓语动词。此处为固定句型:be “正在做某事,这时突然……”,根据entered可知,应用过去进行时。当主语由“ every...”结构连接时,谓语动词用单数形式。故选D。
二. 单句语法填空
1. She hurriedly ran hme, never nce lking back t see whether she as well as her brthers ________(fllw).
【答案】was being fllwed
【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意:她匆匆跑回家,一次都没有回头看看她和她的兄弟们是否被跟踪。空处为从句的谓语动词。根据句子“She hurriedly ran hme”的语境可知,这里是说她在跑回家的过程中担心自己和兄弟们是否正被人跟踪,所以要用过去进行时的被动语态,其结构为“was/were being + 过去分词”。as well as 连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词的单复数形式要与前面的主语保持一致,本句中前面的主语是 she,是第三人称单数,所以be动词要用was。故填was being fllwed。
2. What he wants ________(be) a dictinary.
【答案】is
【详解】考查主谓一致和时态。句意:他想要的是一本字典。“What he wants”是主语从句作主语,句子描述的是现在的情况,用一般现在时,be动词用is。故填is。
3. There ________(be) a bk and tw pens n the desk.
【答案】is
【详解】考查there be句型的主谓一致。句意:桌子上有一本书和两支钢笔。句子陈述事实,用一般现在时,根据there be句型“就近一致”原则,靠近be动词的a bk为单数名词短语,因此be动词用单数形式is。故填is。
4. Nt nly the peple f ur natin, ________ all the peple f the wrld have prfited frm his wrk.
【答案】but
【详解】考查固定句型。句意:不仅我们国家的人民,而且全世界的人民都从他的工作中受益了。句型nt (als)...表示“不仅……而且……”。故填but。
5. At present, many a farm ________(destry) because f the unsustainable land use and wrsening drughts.
【答案】is being destryed
【详解】考查谓语动词。句意:目前,由于不可持续的土地利用和日益严重的干旱,许多农场正在遭到破坏。“many a + 单数名词”作主语,谓语动词用单数形式。农场是“被破坏”,且由At present可知,此处表示现在正在进行的动作,所以用现在进行时的被动语态。在句中is being destryed。故填is being destryed。
6. Tm, tgether with his pet dg, ________(take) a walk in the park every evening after dinner.
【答案】takes
【详解】考查主谓一致和时态。句意:汤姆每天晚饭后都会和他的宠物狗一起在公园里散步。空处为谓语动词,本句的主语为Tm,与take为主动关系,根据时间状语every evening可知,这里应用一般现在时,Tm为第三人称单数。故填takes。
7. The ________(injury) were rushed t the nearby hspital by an ambulance.
【答案】injured
【详解】考查名词复数。句意:伤员被救护车紧急送往附近的医院。此处表示“受伤的人”,需用the injured,the+形容词表示“一类人”,作主语时谓语动词需用复数形式。故填injured。
8. T d this ________(be) t cut the feet t fit the shes.
【答案】is
【详解】考查主谓一致。句意:这样做就是削足适履。当不定式短语T d this作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式,且句子描述的是客观事实,用一般现在时。故填is。
9. Tm, tgether with his classmates, ________(prefer) t explre nature rather than stay at hme during vacatins.
【答案】prefers
【详解】考查主谓一致与时态。句意:汤姆和他的同学们假期时更喜欢探索自然而不是待在家里。本句表经常性、习惯性动作,时态用一般现在时,tgether with连接并列主语,使用“就前原则”,即根据主语Tm而定,谓语动词用prefer的第三人称单数形式。故填prefers。
10. Hwever, critics warn that emtin and human cnnectin ________(be) the true sul f pera.
【答案】are
【详解】考查动词时态。句意:然而,批评者们警告称,情感和人与人之间的联系才是歌剧真正的精髓所在。提示词be作从句谓语,句子描述一般性事实,用一般现在时态,主语emtin and human cnnectin是复数含义,谓语用复数形式are。故填are。
类别
现在
过去
将来
过去将来
一般
am/is/
are dne
was/were
dne
will/shall
be dne
wuld/
shuld
be dne
进行
am/is/are
being dne
was/were
being dne
—
—
完成
have/has
been dne
had been
dne
will/shall
have been
dne
wuld/shuld
have been
dne
分清主动被动, 辨析语态
1.看到动词为及物动词, 后面缺少宾语,要想到用被动语态。
2. 主谓关系判断法 如果主语是动作的执行者,与谓语动词为主动关系,用主动语态,如果主语是动作的承受者,与谓语动词为动宾关系,用被动语态。
3.谓语动词性质分析法 判断谓语动词是否具有主动表示被动的性质,如果有则用主动语态; 判断谓语动词是否具有不能用于被动语态的性质若有则用主动语态。
1.找准主语 看主语是单数还是复数,确定谓语动词的形式。
2.牢记三原则 要记住判断主谓一致的三个原则,注意特殊情况。
3. 综合时态,语态 要与动词的时态和语态综合起来,确定谓语动词的形式。
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