八年级英语下学期（湖南长沙专用）期中模拟卷（含答案）

这是一份八年级英语下学期（湖南长沙专用）期中模拟卷（含答案），文件包含中考复习专题语法系列之陈述句变感叹句pptx、中考复习专题语法系列之陈述句变感叹句视频1mp4等2份课件配套教学资源，其中PPT共24页， 欢迎下载使用。
英语
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本学科试卷中听力材料以中速朗读两遍。
试卷分为四部分，共 8 页，61 小题，时量 100 分钟，满分 100 分。7．测试范围：八年级下册 Unit 1~Unit 4（新教材人教版）
8. 难度系数：0.65
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 20 分）
第一节 （共 5 小题；每小题 1 分，计 5 分）
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。
Hw many ways des Bert use t relax when he feels nervus? A．Tw.B．Three.C．Fur. 2．What’s the matter with the girl?
A．She has a tthacheB．She has a stmach ache.C．She has a headache. 3．What’s the size f the nature reserve?
3,140 square kilmetres.
3,401 square kilmetres.
3,410 square kilmetres.
Hw will Lucy deal with her prblem?
By learning t frget.B．By jining a club.C．By seeing a dctr.
What did the dctr ask the man t d?
T take an X-ray.B．T take a rest.C．T take sme medicine.
第二节（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）
听下面 6 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题， 每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听对话，回答下列小题。
What are the speakers talking abut?
Shpping nline.B．Playing sprts.C．Spending free time. 7．What des the wman think f shpping nline?
A．It makes her excited.B．It csts her much mney.C．It relaxes her a lt.
听一段对话，回答以下各小题。
Why des Jim lk unhappy?
A．He made a mistake.B．He culdn’t find his diary. C．His sister read his diary. 9．What des the girl advise Jim t d?
A．Talk t his sister.B．Write diary every day.C．Ask his parents fr help.
听材料，回答以下各小题。
When did the man start t have eye pain?
A．Last Friday.B．Last Saturday.C．Last Sunday. 11．Hw lng des the man spend n his smartphne every day?
A．Fr abut tw hurs.B．Fr abut three hurs.C．Fr abut fur hurs.
听长对话，回答以下各小题。
Which river are the student and the teacher talking abut?
A．The Amazn River.B．The Nile River.C．The Yangtze River. 13．Hw lng is the river?
Abut 6,300 kilmetres.
Abut 6,440 kilmetres.
Abut 6,671 kilmetres.
What will the students learn in the next gegraphy class?
Amazing rainfrests.B．Famus deserts.C．Mre big rivers.
听下面一段对话，回答小题。
Hw des Kate feel nw?
Upset.B．Nervus.C．Angry. 16．Wh gave the smart watch t Kate as a gift?
A．Her friend.B．Her mther.C．Her sister. 17．Why did Millie send a message t Kate?
A．T return the watch t Kate. B．T say srry t Kate.C．T ask Kate fr a gift.
听下面的独白，回答下列小题。
18．When did Jim climb the muntain?
What did Jim d n the grund?
A．He wrte a message with stnes.B．He threw away the stnes.
C．He dug a hle.
第二部分 阅读（共三节，满分 30 分）
第一节 （共 10 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 20 分）
阅读下列材料，从每题所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
A．On Mnday.
B．On Tuesday.
C．On Wednesday.
19．What happened t Jim?
A．He lst an arm.
B．He brke a leg.
C．He had a fever.
Event Ntice
Get ready t explre the future with us! Future Visin Club is hsting a film discussin (讨论) event that cnnects the exciting wrld f Avatar 3 with real-life future predictins. Jin us fr a lively discussin and share yur ideas abut tmrrw! We hpe t see yu!
Event Details AVATAR3
Tpic: Technlgy & Envirnment in Future Life
Film Fcus: Avatar 3: Fire and Ash—This mvie shws hw the Na’vi prtect Pandra, teaching us the imprtance f balancing technlgy and nature. It’s a fun way t imagine what ur wrld might be like in 50 years.
Date: Friday, January 30, 2026
Time: 3:30 :00 p.m.
Place: Schl Hall
Guest Speaker: Mr. Zhang (Science teacher)
Activity: Watch clips (片段), discuss AI technlgy and nature, and share yur wn
ideas
Preparatin: Bring ne shrt written idea abut “Life in 2075”
What can we learn frm the ntice?
A．Avatar 3: Fire and Ash is abut peple’s lives in the past. B．Students shuld prepare a written idea abut life in 2075.
C．Peple will watch clips and perfrm a shrt play at the event. 22．What is the main purpse f this ntice?
T sell tickets fr a new mvie.
T invite students t a discussin.
T intrduce a new science teacher.
B
Last summer vacatin, Jenny’s family visited her grandparents’ farm in the cuntryside.
T make her think f happy family meals, Grandma wanted t teach her the special prk dish. They washed fresh vegetables and cut the prk int pieces. Then, they prepared salt, ginger, dark sy sauce, sugar, and sme ther seasnings (调料).
When Jenny started the ld stve, the fire grew big suddenly! Feeling nervus, Jenny
mved back quickly and kncked ver (打翻) the sugar bwl by accident. Half the sugar fell int the pt! “Oh, n!” Jenny was afraid and cried. She thught she ruined (破坏) the dish. At that mment, Grandma smiled kindly, “Dn’t wrry!”
“Quick! Add vinegar!” she tld Jenny. Jenny quickly added three spns f vinegar.
Meanwhile, Grandpa picked red tmates frm the garden. With a smile, he put them int the pt. “Let’s try smething new!” Sn, a nice and strng sweet-sur smell filled the kitchen.
After cking fr an hur, they pened the pt. They were all surprised! The prk lked s nice, and the tmates became thick sauce. When they ate it, the taste was amazing—sweet but a little sur. Just then, neighburs came ver because f the gd smell. They all said, “Hw delicius!” Their small kitchen was full f laughter and jy.
That evening, they shared the “Lucky Mistake Prk”. Grandpa said wisely, “Smetimes accidents bring happy surprises.” Thrugh this, Jenny learned an imprtant lessn: We can als find beauty in mistakes.
Why did Grandma teach Jenny t ck?
T share memries f family meals.
T prepare fr a birthday party.
T use garden vegetables.
What made them surprised after Jenny and her grandparents cked fr an hur? A．The sweet-sur smell.
B．The prk’s nice lk.
C．The neighburs’ cming.
Which is the right rder f the events?
①Prepared vegetables and prk.②Neighburs praised the dish.
③Put tmates int the pt.④Added vinegar t the pt. A．①→④→③→②B．②→①→④→③C．③→②→①→④
What is the best title fr the passage? A．Grandma’s Special Garden
B．An Unfrgettable Family Trip
C．Beauty in Cking Mistakes
C
Glaciers (冰川) hld abut 70% f the Earth’s fresh water. They are large pieces f clsely packed ice and snw. Glaciers nly frm in very cld places. Every year, new snw falls n tp f the ld snw. The layers (层) f snw press dwn n each ther, and then the snw crystals (晶体) start t change. They get smaller, and air pckets are pushed ut f the snw. This allws the crystals t grw lnger. Over time, the snw layer at the bttm f all the ther snw layers becmes ice. The whle prcess f making a glacier takes abut 100 years.
Sme ice is packed s clsely that it lks blue. The snw n tp f a glacier lks white because it reflects all f the light. But the ice layers f the glacier d nt have many air pckets. They absrb different parts f light and reflect blue light.
Sme f the glaciers n the Earth may be very ld. Scientists think that a few glaciers have ice that is abut 8 millin years ld. Nt all f the glaciers are s ld, thugh. A number f glaciers in Alaska (阿拉斯加) are nly abut 100 years ld.
There are different kinds f glaciers. An ice stream is a kind f glacier that frms n
anther glacier, and it lks like a frzen river. Rck glaciers are made when ice, rck, and ther bjects get mixed tgether.
The underlined wrd “absrb” in Paragraph 2 prbably means “”.
cut dwnB．take inC．make up 28．Why des the writer talk abut Alaska’s glaciers?
Because sme f the glaciers are nt very ld.
Because they are the ldest glaciers n the Earth.
Because the weather in Alaska is very cld.
Hw des the writer supprt his idea in the last paragraph?
A．By asking questins.B．By shwing numbers.C．By giving examples. 30．What is the purpse f this passage?
T make an intrductin abut glaciers.
T describe different kinds f fresh water.
T pint ut the imprtance f glaciers.
第二节 (共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分)
D yu have a sre thrat, a runny nse r a headache? D yu keep cughing r sneezing?
If yu d, yu prbably have a cld r the flu, but which ne d yu have?31
Clds, which usually last abut a week, make a difference t the nse mst. They usually cause a runny nse and sneezing.32Smetimes, they result in a headache, a cugh and sme aching prblems.
33Peple with the flu usually get all the prblems abve. Hwever, they als get a high fever, a dry cugh and much wrse aching. The prblems als last much lnger. Smetimes yu can’t get better fr at least tw weeks.
The flu can be a terrible thing. The ld, wh are less healthy than mst yung peple, can die frm the flu.34The injectin (注射) is necessary and can truly save them.
Try nt t tuch yur nse r eyes if yu have been clse t smene wh has a cld.
35If yu catch a cld r have the flu, g t bed fr a while. Ding what we tell yu will help yu get better. Drink lts f water and stay in a warm, well-aired rm. If yu have a headache, take sme medicine. And it’s a gd idea t cver yur nse and muth when yu sneeze.
Wash yur hands after cleaning yur nse.
What’s wrse, yu may have t pen yur muth t breathe.
Althugh bth clds and the flu result frm viruses, they are different in sme ways.
The flu is much mre serius.
S ld peple shuld have a flu injectin befre winter when the flu is the mst cmmn.
第三部分 语言运用 （共两节，满分 25 分）
第一节 （共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）
根据短文内容，从每小题所给的三个选项中，选出一个正确答案。
Once there was a well-knwn psychlgy prfessr (心理学教授) frm a university. One
day, she was giving a lessn in a rm filled with students. She walked arund n a stage befre teaching ways t deal within life.
As sheraised a glass f water frm the desk, each and every ne f the students expected they’d be asked the “half empty” r “half full” questin., with a smile n her face, the prfessr asked, “Hw heavy is this glass f water I’m hlding?”
Studentsdifferent answers freely, frm 100 g t 700 g. The prfessr replied, “In my pinin, the real weight f this glass desn’t matter. In any situatin, the weight f the glass des nt ever change at all. But theI hld it, the heavier it feels t me.”
As the class ndded their heads, she, “The stress and wrries in life are very like
that glass f water. Think abut them fr a while andhappens. Think abut them a little
lnger and they begin t. And if yu think abut them all day lng, yu will be paralyzed — unable t d anything.”
It’st remember t let g f yur stress and wrries frm time t time. Whatever happens during the day, as early in the evening as yu can, put all yur stress and wrries dwn. Dn’tthem thrugh the evening r int the night. Remember t put the glass dwn!
第二节 （共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分）
阅读下面短文，根据上下文或括号内单词等提示，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
36．A．stress
B．health
C．death
37．A．luckily
B．hardly
C．slwly
38．A．Anyway
B．Instead
C．Still
39．A．gave ut
B．cut ut
C．shuted ut
40．A．shrter
B．lnger
C．harder
41．A．stpped
B．cntinued
C．cpied
42．A．nthing
B．anything
C．smething
43．A．cmpete
B．hurt
C．change
44．A．interesting
B．bring
C．imprtant
45．A．carry
B．cmpare
C．share
When Emperr Ya ruled China, the Yellw River was like an angry dragn breaking everything in its way. Villages disappeared underwater. Fields turned46lakes.
Peple almst lst everything. The emperr asked Yu’s father, Gun,47(cntrl) the flds. Fr nine years, Gun built huge walls t deal with the river. But the wild water brke thrugh almst everything,48(cause) even greater danger.
When Yu tk ver his father’s wrk, he studied the land and tried49new way. Instead f fighting against the river, he walked alng its banks fr ten years, t find hw rainwater
50(natural) passed thrugh muntains t rivers and then t the cean. Then a different idea came t his mind. “Why nt lead the water t the sea?”
With thusands f51(wrk), Yu dug smth channels (平缓的河道) thrugh the
land. Using simple wden tls, they carefully guided the water twards the sea. Yu wrked s hard that when his wife gave birth, he passed52(they) hme three times but didn’t enter. “If I stp,” he tld his team, “the flds53(win).”
Finally, the river calmed dwn and it brught new life t the banks. Where nce were flds, plants nw grew.
Yu’s success taught China an imprtant lessn: Wrking with nature is54(gd) than fighting against it. It still guides engineers tday t keep a balance between humans
55nature. Frm ancient channels t mdern dams like the Three Grges (三峡), China
remembers this wise way.
第四部分 读写综合 （共两节，满分 25 分）
第一节
阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容回答问题。
Nature is full f wnderful sights that never fail t amaze us. Frm the highest muntains t the deepest ceans, every natural wnder tells a stry f nature’s pwer and beauty. Last year, I had the chance t visit tw amazing natural wnders, and the experience changed my view f
nature.
The first wnder I visited was the Zhangjiajie Natinal Frest Park. It is famus fr its tall, strange rcks that stand straight in the frest. The rcks are cvered with green plants, and when the mist cmes, the park lks like a fairyland. I walked alng the path and enjyed the fresh air and beautiful scenery. I als saw many mnkeys playing in the trees, which made the park full f life. This visit made me realize hw beautiful and magical nature is.
The secnd natural wnder I visited was the Dead Sea. Unlike ther seas, the Dead Sea is s salty that n fish can live in it. When yu g int the water, yu can flat easily withut swimming. My parents and I flated in the water and tk many phts. I als learned that the Dead Sea has special minerals that are gd fr ur skin. This experience taught me that nature has many surprises waiting fr us t discver.
Visiting these natural wnders was a great experience. It made me lve nature mre and want t prtect it. I hpe everyne can have the chance t explre nature’s wnders and learn t cherish ur beautiful planet.
What is Zhangjiajie Natinal Frest Park famus fr?
What did the writer see in Zhangjiajie Natinal Frest Park besides the rcks?
Why can peple flat easily in the Dead Sea?
What did the writer learn abut the Dead Sea?
What’s yur favrite natural wnder? Why?
第二节
北美洲的东北部，美国与加拿大边界 (brder n.)
位置
根据要求完成写作 61．大自然藏着许多令人惊叹的景观，各具独特魅力。请根据下表信息，写一篇 80 词左右的英语短文，讲讲尼亚加拉瀑布 (Niagara Falls) 的奇妙吧！
The Niagara
Falls
景观描述
被分为 (be divided int) 两部分：加拿大侧较大，高约 57 米，宽(wide) 约 675 米；美国侧较小，高 50 多米，宽 320 多米
水流全年轰鸣 (ludly) 倾泻而下；其周边的森林是许多动物的栖息
地
评价
世界上最伟大的自然奇观之一
每年约有 1，400 万游客从世界各地前来参观 (百万 millin)
1．A
【原文】A: I will listen t quiet music t relax when I feel nervus. What will yu d, Bert? B: Quiet music makes me sleepy. I will g fr a walk r d sme deep breathing.
2．B
【原文】W: Henry, I feel smething is wrng with my stmach. M: h, it might be because yu ate t much ice cream just nw. 3．C
【原文】M: Hw large is the nature reserve?
W: It is three thusand fur hundred ten square kilmetres in area. 4．B
【原文】W: My name is Lacy. I am t shy t talk t ther peple. I want t make mre friends
M: Well. I think yu can jin a club t find sme friends. 5．A
【原文】M: Dctr, I fell dwn while I was playing sccer at schl. My right leg hurts.
W: Let me have a lk. Um, yu’d better take an X-ray.
6．C7．B
【原文】A: I usually shp nline when I’m free. What abut yu, Tm? B: I usually play sprts with my friends.
A: Is it a gd way t make yu feel better? B: Yes, I feel relaxed after ding sprts.
A: I will try this way next time. Shpping nline csts a lt f mney.
8．C9．A
【原文】W: What’s the matter, Jim? Yu lk unhappy.
M: Well, I saw my sister lk thrugh my diary withut asking me just nw. W: Srry t hear that, but did yu talk t her?
M: N, I was s angry that I didn’t want t say anything t her.
W: Why dn’t yu tell her hw yu feel? Then she may knw she made a mistake. M: Maybe yu are right. I’ll have a try.
10．A11．C
【原文】W: Gd mrning. What’s wrng with yu, sir?
M: Gd mrning, dctr. I’ve had a pain in my eyes since last Friday. W: Let me check them nw. Sit dwn, please.
M: Oh, thanks. Is it serius?
W: Nthing serius. But d yu spend t much time n yur smartphne? M: I’m afraid s. I usually use my smartphne fr abut fur hurs every day. W: That’s it. Try nt t use yur smartphne fr t lng.
12．A13．B14．C
【原文】W: Gd afternn, Mr Lee, can yu tell me smething abut the Amazn River? M: Sure. What d yu want t knw?
W: Where is the river? M: It is in Suth America. W: Hw lng is it?
M: It’s abut 6,440 kilmetres and it runs thrugh a large rainfrest. W: What will we learn in the next gegraphy class?
M: Mre big rivers in the wrld.
15．A16．C17．B
【原文】M: Hey, Kate, hw is it ging? W: Nt s gd, t be hnest.
M: What happened? Yu seem a bit upset.
W: My friend Millie brrwed my smart watch, but she brke it yesterday. M: What a pity! Is it the smart watch that yur mther bught fr yu?
W: N, it’s a gift frm my sister. I lve it very much. M: Did yu talk with Millie abut it?
W: N, but she sent a message t me, saying that she was srry fr that and wuld buy a new ne fr me.
M: Since she brke it by accident, I think yu shuld make up with her.
18．C19．B20．A
【原文】
Jim is a member f a sprts club. He is 25 years ld. He climbed the muntain with sme f his grup members n a Wednesday mrning. Unluckily, he lst his way and fell ff a rck. He
brke a leg and culdn’t walk, s he had t stay n the muntain and wait. As time went by, he started t lse hpe. Suddenly, he had a bright idea. He made a fire and wrte a message n the grund with stnes. At the same time, his grup member Jenny was trying t find him. She als called the plice t lk fr him. The plice flew ver the muntain and saw the fire. At last, Jim was saved.
21．B22．B
【导语】本文是一篇活动通知。Future Visin Club 发布通知，邀请同学们参加一场结合电影
《阿凡达 3：火与灰》与现实未来预测的讨论活动。
细节理解题。根据 Preparatin 部分“Bring ne shrt written idea abut ‘Life in 2075’”可知， 参加活动的学生需要准备一个关于 2075 年生活的简短书面想法。故选 B。
主旨大意题。根据通知开头“Future Visin Club is hsting a film discussin (讨论)…Jin us fr a lively discussin…”可知，这则通知的主要目的是邀请学生参与这一电影讨论活动。故选 B。
23．A24．B25．A26．C
【导语】本文讲述了 Jenny 在祖父母农场学做猪肉菜时，意外打翻糖罐，在奶奶的指导下加入醋、爷爷加入番茄，最终做出美味的“幸运失误猪肉”的故事，传达了“失误中也能发现美好”的道理。
原文第1 段提到：“T make her think f happy family meals, Grandma wanted t teach her the special prk dish.”说明奶奶教 Jenny 做饭是为了分享家庭聚餐的美好回忆。
原文第 5 段提到：“After cking fr an hur, they pened the pt. They were all surprised! The prk lked s nice, and the tmates became thick sauce.”说明让他们惊讶的是猪肉好看的卖相。
根据原文事件顺序：①准备蔬菜和猪肉（第 1 段）→④往锅里加醋（第 3 段）→③把番茄放进锅里（第 4 段）→②邻居称赞这道菜（第 5 段），对应顺序为①→④→③→②。 26．全文围绕 Jenny 做饭的失误展开，最终从失误中收获了美味与人生道理，因此最佳标题为“Beauty in Cking Mistakes（烹饪失误中的美好）”。
27．B28．A29．C30．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了冰川的形成过程、颜色成因、年龄差异以及不同类型。
根据第二段内容，冰川顶部的雪反射所有光线所以呈白色，而冰川冰层几乎没有气泡，
会 “吸收” 光线的不同部分、只反射蓝光，因此画线词 absrb 的意思是 “吸收”，与 take in
的意思相近。
根据第三段中“Scientists think that a few glaciers have ice that is abut 8 millin years ld. Nt all f the glaciers are s ld, thugh. A number f glaciers in Alaska (阿拉斯加) are nly abut 100 years ld.”，作者先说明地球上有些冰川非常古老（约 800 万年），接着用转折，举例阿拉斯加的冰川只有约 100 年历史，是为了说明 “并非所有冰川都很古老”。
根据最后一段中“There are different kinds f glaciers.”，作者随后列举了 ice stream（冰流）和 rck glaciers（岩石冰川）两种冰川作为例子，因此是通过举例子支撑观点。
通读全文可知，文章从冰川的淡水占比、形成过程、外观、年龄、类型等多个方面，全面介绍了冰川的相关知识。
31．C32．B33．D34．E35．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了感冒和流感的区别。文章以症状提问开头，引出两种疾病的对比，分别描述感冒和流感的不同表现、流感的严重性及高危人群的预防措施，最后给出应对建议。
第一段以症状提问引出话题，空白处位于段尾，需要承上启下。选项 C“虽然感冒和流感都由病毒引起，但它们在有些方面不同”总结了前文对两种疾病的疑问，同时引出下文对两者区别的具体介绍，逻辑合理。
第二段介绍感冒的症状。空白处前说感冒主要影响鼻子，引起流鼻涕和打喷嚏，空白处后说“有时还会导致头痛、咳嗽和疼痛”。选项 B“更糟的是，你可能得张嘴呼吸”补充了感冒可能导致的另一个症状（鼻塞），与前后文形成并列关系，符合对感冒症状的罗列。
第三段介绍流感的症状。空白处位于段首，应为本段主题句。后文描述流感患者有上述所有症状，还有高烧、干咳和更严重的疼痛，持续时间更长。选项 D“流感要严重得多”准确概括了本段内容，与第二段感冒形成对比。
第四段讲流感的严重性。空白处前说老年人可能因流感死亡，空白处后说注射是必要的并能救他们。选项 E“所以老年人应该在冬天流感最普遍之前接种流感疫苗”与前后文形成因果关系，指出应对措施，衔接自然。
第五段给出预防和应对建议。空白处前说“如果你接触过感冒患者，尽量不要摸鼻子或眼睛”，空白处后说“如果感冒或得流感，躺下休息一会儿”。选项 A“擦完鼻子后要洗手”是预防措施的具体补充，与前后文构成并列的建议，符合段落主题。
36．A37．C38．B39．C40．B41．B42．A43．B
44．C45．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，通过一位心理学教授在课堂上用“举水杯”做演示的故事，告诉我们：生活中的压力和烦恼就像手中的水杯，本身重量不变，但拿得越久，人就越累。我们要学会及时放下压力和烦恼，才能轻松面对生活。 36．句意：在讲授应对生活中压力的方法之前，她在讲台上走来走去。
stress 压力；health 健康；death 死亡。根据下文“stress and wrries”可知，文章主题是压力。故选 A。
37．句意：当她慢慢地从桌子上举起一杯水时。
luckily 幸运地；hardly 几乎不；slwly 慢慢地。根据“As she ... raised a glass f water frm the desk”可知，教授在课堂上做演示，动作应是缓慢的。故选 C。38．句意：学生们本以为会被问到“半空还是半满”的问题，相反，教授笑着问，“我手里这杯水有多重？”。
Anyway 无论如何；Instead 相反，反而；Still 仍然。根据“each and every ne f the students expected they’d be asked the ‘half empty’ r ‘half full’ questin ... ‘Hw heavy is this glass f water I’m hlding?’”可知，此处表示与预期相反，用 Instead。故选 B。39．句意：学生们自由地大声说出不同的答案。
gave ut 分发；cut ut 剪下；shuted ut 大声说出。根据“... different answers freely, frm 100
g t 700 g”可知，学生在课堂上踊跃回答，用 shuted ut。故选 C。40．句意：但是我举的时间越长，我就感觉越重。
shrter 更短；lnger 更长；harder 更难。根据“the heavier it feels t me”可知，举的时间越长， 就会越重。故选 B。
41．句意：全班同学点头，她继续说道。
stpped 停止；cntinued 继续；cpied 复制。根据“The stress and wrries in life are very like that glass f water ...”可知，教授接着讲解道理，用 cntinued。故选 B。42．句意：想它们一会儿，什么事都不会发生。
nthing 没有什么；anything 任何事；smething 某事。根据“Think abut them fr a while ”可知，短时间想压力没有影响。故选 A。43．句意：想它们再久一点，它们就开始让人难受。
cmpete 竞争；hurt 使痛苦，伤害；change 改变。根据“Think abut them a little lnger”可知，
压力想久了会让人感到痛苦。故选 B。44．句意：记得时不时放下你的压力和烦恼是很重要的。
interesting 有趣的；bring 无聊的；imprtant 重要的。根据“... remember t let g f yur stress and wrries frm time t time”可知，放下你的压力和烦恼是很重要的。故选 C。45．句意：不要把它们带着度过傍晚或深夜。
carry 携带，背负；cmpare 比较；share 分享。根据“Dn’t ... them thrugh the evening r int the night.”可知，此处指不要背负着压力度过傍晚或深夜。故选 A。
46．int47．t cntrl48．causing49．a50．naturally51．wrkers 52．their53．will win54．better55．and
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文（历史传说故事），主要讲述了中国远古时期尧帝在位时黄河泛 滥成灾，禹的父亲鲧用堵截的方法治水失败，而禹通过实地考察，采用疏导的方法，历经十年艰辛，最终成功治理水患的故事，并揭示了中国古代“顺应自然、因势利导”的治水智慧。46．句意：田野变成了湖泊。turn int“变成”是动词短语。故填 int。47．句意：皇帝要求禹的父亲鲧去治理洪水。ask sb. t d sth.“要求某人做某事”是动词短语。cntrl 的动词不定式是 t cntrl。故填 t cntrl。
48．句意：但狂暴的洪水几乎冲破了所有东西，造成了更大的危险。此处是现在分词作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果。cause 的现在分词是 causing。故填 causing。49．句意：当禹接手父亲的工作后，他研究了土地，并尝试了一种新的方法。此处泛指“一种新方法”，且 new 以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词 a。故填 a。
50．句意：他没有与河流对抗，而是沿着河岸行走了十年，去发现雨水是如何自然地穿过山脉流入河流再汇入大海的。此处修饰动词 passed，需用副词形式。natural 的副词是naturally“自然地”。故填 naturally。51．句意：带着成千上万的工人，禹开凿了穿过土地的平缓河道。thusands f 后接可数名词复数，wrker 的复数形式是 wrkers。故填 wrkers。
句意：禹工作如此努力，以至于当他的妻子生产时，他三次经过他们的家都没有进去。此处修饰名词 hme，需用形容词性物主代词。they 的形容词性物主代词是 their。故填
their。
句意：他告诉他的团队，“如果我停下，洪水就会赢。”if 引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时。win 的将来时为 will win。故填 will win。
句意：禹的成功给中国上了重要一课：与自然合作比与之对抗更好。根据“than”可知， 此处是比较级。gd 的比较级是 better。故填 better。55．句意：它至今仍指导着工程师们在人类与自然之间保持平衡。“在……
和……之间”是介词短语。故填 and。
56．It is famus fr its tall, strange rcks that stand straight in the frest. 57．
The writer enjyed the fresh air and beautiful scenery and saw many mnkeys playing in the trees. 58．Because the Dead Sea is s salty that n fish can live in it. 59．The writer learned that the Dead Sea has special minerals that are gd fr ur skin. 60．My favrite natural wnder is
Munt Everest. Because it is the highest muntain in the wrld. Standing at its ft, I can feel the great pwer f nature. It represents the challenge and explratin spirit f human beings twards nature, and als shws the magnificent and mysterius side f nature. (答案不唯一，回答合理即
可)61．例文
The Niagara Falls
Niagara Falls is a wnderful natural wnder lying n the brder between the US and Canada in nrtheastern Nrth America.
It is divided int tw parts. The Canadian part is abut 57 meters high and 675 meters wide, while the American part is ver 50 meters high and 320 meters wide. The water falls dwn ludly all year rund. The frests arund it are hme t many animals.
As ne f the greatest natural wnders in the wrld, it attracts abut 14 millin visitrs frm all ver the wrld every year.
【导语】本文讲述了作者游览张家界国家森林公园和死海这两处自然奇观的经历，分享了所
见所感，表达了对自然的热爱与保护自然的呼吁。
文中提到“It is famus fr its tall, strange rcks that stand straight in the frest.”，说明张家界国家森林公园以森林中笔直耸立的高大奇特岩石而闻名。
文中提到“I als saw many mnkeys playing in the trees, which made the park full f life.”， 说明作者在张家界除了岩石，还看到了许多在树上玩耍的猴子。
文中提到“Unlike ther seas, the Dead Sea is s salty that n fish can live in it. When yu g int the water, yu can flat easily withut swimming.”，说明人们能在死海轻松漂浮是因为死海的盐度极高。
文中提到“I als learned that the Dead Sea has special minerals that are gd fr ur skin.”，
说明作者了解到死海含有对皮肤有益的特殊矿物质。
本题为开放性试题，答案不唯一，回答合理即可。
61．[第一步：审题立意]
确定文体：事物介绍类说明文
明确要点：尼亚加拉瀑布的位置、景观描述、整体评价确定人称：第三人称（it/its）
注意事项：词数 80 左右，包含所有表格信息，语言流畅[第二步：构思布局]
总分结构
开头：直接点出瀑布的位置
主体：介绍瀑布的划分、尺寸、水流特点及周边环境结尾：评价瀑布的地位与吸引力
[第三步：要点展开]
位置表达：in the nrtheast f Nrth America/n the brder between the US and Canada
景观描述：be divided int tw parts/57 meters high and 675 meters wide/ver 50 meters high and 320 meters wide/fall dwn ludly all year rund/be hme t many animals
评价表达：ne f the greatest natural wnders in the wrld/attract abut 14 millin visitrs