2025-2026学年河南省洛阳市洛宁县八年级（上）期末英语试卷(含详细答案解析)

这是一份2025-2026学年河南省洛阳市洛宁县八年级（上）期末英语试卷(含详细答案解析)，共10页。试卷主要包含了阅读五选五，完形填空，补全对话-填空，阅读理解，选词填空-短文，阅读填空，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
Many peple make jurneys t different places.Hwever，the biggest jurney is the self-discvery（自我发现）jurney.Hw d yu start it？ (1)
• Understand what yu value（价值）abut yurself.
(2) It culd be abut hw creative（创造性的）yu are.It culd als be abut yur excellent skills at ftball.This helps yu better understand yur wn values and abilities（能力）.
• (3)
What makes yu happy？It culd be when yu are singing n stage（舞台），when yu help yur dad repair his car，r even when yu are ding a science prject（科学研究）.
• Travel t different places.
Traveling t a new place is a gd way t discver new things.When yu are n yur travel，yu have chances t meet all kinds f peple and get t knw different cultures. (4)
• Ask yurself what yu want t be.
What is yur gal in life？ (5) Ask yurself these questins，and yu will have a better understanding f yurself.These questins will help yu reflect（深思）.
The self-discvery jurney is nt a fixed ne.With time ging by，many experiences in yur life can change yu，which helps yu grw.
根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳答案，使文章意思通顺、内容完整，并将选项填入下列横线上。
A.They can pen yur eyes and increase（增加）yur knwledge.
B.Knw what makes yu happy.
C.Here are sme things yu can d.
D.What d yu like mst abut yurself？
E.Hw will yu achieve（实现）it？
1.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. E
2.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. E
3.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. E
4.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. E
5.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. E
二、完形填空：本大题共15小题，共15分。
One day, a little by visited a(n) (6) man and asked him, "What des the wrd 'great' mean? Wh are great peple and hw d they becme (7) ? " The wise asked the by t (8) tw plants and tld him t plant ne f them inside the huse and the ther (9) . The by did as the man said. Then he asked the by, "Which ne f the tw plants d yu think will grw better? " The by tk a deep (10) and said, "The plant inside the huse will grw bigger (11) it is safe, but the envirnment utside is less (12) . N ne will be there t (13) it. " The wise smiled and asked, "Are yu fully (14) abut this? Yu may (15) the truth by yurself. Cme back ne year later and we will see. " One year later, the by came. In this (16) f time, he kept thinking abut the tw plants, especially when it was t cld r t ht. When he saw the green plant in the huse, he said t the wise, "Lk, (17) happens t this plant inside and it grws well nw. " But when the by went utside, he was very (18) t see a big tree. It's almst 2 meters in (19) . The by culdn't believe his eyes. It was much bigger than the ne inside. T becme great, ne must face many difficulties and slve them. Only after that is he r she able t grw well and (20) .
6.A. wiseB. hnestC. crazyD. fl
7.A. gdB. badC. greatD. terrible
8.A. pushB. bringC. allwD. take
9.A. utB. besideC. insideD. utside
10.A. breathB. smkeC. breakD. stress
11.A. butB. becauseC. andD. s
12.A. usefulB. hnestC. carefulD. cmfrtable
13.A. lk frB. care frC. lk utD. lk ver
14.A. lnelyB. certainC. crazyD. necessary
15.A. cmpareB. regretC. discverD. sense
16.A. mmentB. secndC. peridD. day
17.A. anythingB. smethingC. nbdyD. nthing
18.A. nervusB. upsetC. painfulD. surprised
19.A. heightB. highC. widthD. depth
20.A. shineB. spareC. argueD. review
三、补全对话-填空：本大题共1小题，共10分。
21.根据下面的对话情景，在每个空白处填上一个适当的句子，使对话的意思连贯、完整。
（Bert and Nancy are n the way hme，and Nancy talks abut her wrries.）
A：Hey，Bert.I think I've made Alice mad and I'm nt sure what t d abut it.
B：（1）______？
A：Yu knw Julie is Alice's best friend，right？
B：Uh-huh.
A：Well，the mre I gt t knw Julie，the mre I've realized that we have a lt in cmmn.（2）______ .
B：But what's wrng with that？
A： makes Alice unhappy.
B：（3）______？
A：Because Alice thinks that Julie is nw clser t me.This made her unhappy.D yu have any gd advice？
B：（4）______？ Then Alice wn't feel left ut.
A：Ww!（5）______ !That can make ur friendship strnger.Thank yu very much!
B：Yu're welcme.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
四、阅读理解：本大题共15小题，共30分。
A
When there is heavy snw，kids can have snwball fights and enjy the snw. But it als brings them smething different. Many schls in nrth-east Inner Mnglia ask students t have class nline n snwy days. We ften call it "E-learning" fr shrt. Sme students like it while sme dn't. Here are tw letters frm the lcal junir high schl.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
22.What des "E-learning" mean in the text？ ______
A. Studying by emails.B. Studying nline.
C. English learning.D. Easy learning.
23.Wh can help Anna with her study at hme？ ______
A. Her classmates.B. Her parents.
C. Her friends.D. Her grandparents.
24.Hw des Anna think f E-learning？ ______
A. Relaxing.B. Safe.C. Painful.D. Unusual..
25.Why is Bb wrried abut E-learning？ ______
A. Because he has a wish t study at hme.
B. Because he desn't have cmputers r cellphnes.
C. Because he may lse himself n the internet.
D. Because he misses his classmates and friends.
26.Which f the fllwing is TRUE？ ______
A. Anna desn't like having fun in the snw.
B. Bb thinks they can have class after the snw stps.
C. All students think E-learning is useless.
D. Students dn't need pwer fr E-learning.
B
Xiaming is a small by. One day，he tried t mve a heavy wden bx ut f his rm. The bx was much heavier than Xiaming. He tried his best t mve it，but the bx did nt mve at all. After he had a rest fr a shrt time，Xiaming went n t mve it again. He pushed it with all his strength，but the bx was still in the same place. He was very tired and upset.
At that time，Xiaming's father came hme frm wrk. He stpped t watch what his sn was ding. The father didn't help him，but instead（相反）asked， "Xiaming，did yu try every means t mve the bx？"
"Yes，I did!" the by cried.
"N， " his father said calmly， "yu're nt.Yu have nt asked me t help yu."
Asking fr help is nt a weakness（弱点）. In sme way，even the best amng us need help. It is imprtant t knw when t ask fr help and understand why yu need it. Never be afraid t ask thers fr help when yu're in truble.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
27.Xiaming was ______ when his father came hme.
A. mving a heavy bxB. playing in the rm
C. taking a restD. waiting fr help
28.Hw many times did the by mve the bx befre his father came？______
A. Only nce.B. Twice.C. Three times.D. Never.
29.What did the father d when he saw what his sn was ding？______
A. He became tired and upset.
B. He stpped t lend Xiaming a hand.
C. He stpped t watch and asked a questin.
D. He helped Xiaming and gave sme suggestins.
30.Why did his father say Xiaming didn't try every means t mve the bx？______
A. Because Xiaming didn't use any tls.
B. Because Xiaming didn't ask anybdy fr help.
C. Because Xiaming was a fl t d that.
D. Because Xiaming didn't push the bx with all his strength.
31.What des the stry mainly want t tell us？______
A. It's easy t lse heart when yu're in truble.
B. Peple shuldn't be afraid t ask fr help.
C. Peple shuld never bring thers truble.
D. It's easy t slve prblems by urselves.
C
A great scientific discvery amazed the wrld.Chinese scientists have already fund a new methd t prduce water n the Mn.It culd change hw we think abut living n the Mn in the future!They wrte abut their discvery in a science magazine called The Innvatin.Their discveryindicates that by using lunar sil，scientists can create a lt f water n the Mn.
In the past，it was shwn that there might be ice at the Mn's nrth and suth ples （南北极）.Hwever，there isn't much water in lunar sil-nly a little bit，like 0.0001 percent t 0.02 percent.As a result，it is hard t find and use water there.Humans may have a difficult time living n the Mn.
The researchers，hwever，fund smething exciting，after studying the rcks and sil frm the Mn brught back by the Chang'e-5 spaceship.One f the exciting things they discvered is that lunar sil melts （熔化） when it reaches ver 1，000℃.When it begins t melt，it prduces water vapr （蒸汽）.They learned that just 100 g f lunar sil can give us 5.1 g t 7.6 g f water.S，if we had ne tn （吨） f lunar sil，we culd get between 51 kg and 76 kg f water.That's enugh t give drinking water t 50 peple fr ne day!
All in all，this research pens up new pssibilities （可能性） fr finding water n the Mn.It's imprtant fr future trips t the Mn and peple wh might live there smeday.As we learn mre abut ways t make water frm lunar sil，we get clser t the dream f living n the Mn.This discvery culd help make that dream cme true!
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
32.What des the underlined wrd "indicates" in Paragraph 1 mean？ ______
A. Disagrees.B. Wrries.C. Regrets.D. Shws.
33.Why des the writer mentin the earlier research in Paragraph 2？ ______
A. T shw that it was ttally wrng.
B. T cmpare it with the new discvery.
C. T prve that there is n running water n the Mn.
D. T explain why peple wanted t live n the Mn befre.
34.Which cnditin is needed fr lunar sil t prduce water vapr accrding t the passage？ ______
A. It needs t be mixed with ice frm the Mn's ples.
B. It needs t be brught back t Earth by a spaceship.
C. It needs t reach a temperature ver 1，000℃ and melt.
D. It needs t be kept in a special bx fr a few days.
35.Hw much water may scientists get if they have 1，000 g f lunar sil？ ______
A. 约20克。B. 约60克。C. 约100克。D. 约120克。
36.What's the main idea f the passage？ ______
A. It's pssible t get water n the Mn.
B. The great success f the Chang'e-5 task.
C. The future life n the Mn.
D. There are sme creative ways t make water.
五、选词填空-短文：本大题共1小题，共10分。
37.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
六、阅读填空：本大题共1小题，共5分。
38.阅读短文，根据语篇要求填空，使短文通顺，意思完整，每空限填一词。
Day One
We arrived in Xiamen at arund 10 tasted sme lcal fd.That day，we walked (1) abut 5 hurs.Just as we headed back，we fund a little restaurant at the tp f the muntain.Maybe because it was past lunchtime， (2) weren't many peple when we walked in，and we culd pick the best place.
Day Tw
We gt (3) at 8 headed straight t the beach.We spent the rest f the day by the sea.We went t a seaside cafe，read under a tree in the park，and tk pictures by the beach.The sunset （日落） was (4) beautiful that we didn't leave until it was quite dark.
Day Three
We spent (5) third day in Gulangyu.It was anther wnderful day.We left the next mrning and headed back t Beijing.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
七、书面表达：本大题共1小题，共20分。
39.面对紧张的学习生活，学校专门设立了心理健康信箱，同学们纷纷写信倾诉自己的烦恼，并期望得到回复。假如你是Li Hua，请根据下面表格内提示的内容，给Wei Ming写一封信，给他提一些建议，并安抚他的焦虑情绪。
写作要求：1.文中不得出现真实姓名，校名等相关信息；
2.词数80左右。开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Wei Ming，
I'm srry t hear that yu are a bit nervus these days.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs，
Li Hua
答案和解析
1~5.【答案】C、D、B、A、E
【解析】（1）细节推理题。根据上文Hw d yu start it？（你是如何开始的？）可知，空处应是说提出了一些建议。结合选项， C选项"这里是一些你可以做的事情。"符合语境，故选C。
（2）细节推理题。根据下文It culd be abut hw creative（创造性的）yu are.It culd als be abut yur excellent skills at ftball.This helps yu better understand yur wn values and abilities（能力）.（它可能是关于你有多有创造力。也可能是关于你出色的足球技术。这有助于你更好地了解自己的价值和能力。）可知，空处应是问你最喜欢自己的什么。结合选项，D选项"你最喜欢自己的什么？"符合语境。故选D。
（3）细节推理题。根据下文What makes yu happy？It culd be when yu are singing n stage（舞台），when yu help yur dad repair his car，r even when yu are ding a science prject（科学研究）.（什么让你快乐？可能是你在舞台上唱歌的时候，可能是你帮你爸爸修车的时候，甚至可能是你在做一个科学项目的时候。）可知，空处应是说知道让自己兴奋的事情。结合选项，B选项"知道让你兴奋的事情。"符合语境。故选B。
（4）细节推理题。根据上文Traveling t a new place is a gd way t discver new things.When yu are n yur travel，yu have chances t meet all kinds f peple and get t knw different cultures. （去一个新的地方旅行是发现新事物的好方法。当你在旅行时，你有机会接触各种各样的人，了解不同的文化。）可知，空处应是说去新的地方旅行的好处。结合选项，A选项"它们可以开阔你的眼界，增长你的知识。"符合语境。故选A。
（5）细节推理题。根据上文What is yur gal in life？（你的人生目标是什么？）以及下文 Ask yurself these questins，and yu will have a better understanding f yurself.These questins will help yu reflect（深思）.（问问自己这些问题，你就能更好地了解自己了。这些问题能帮助你进行反思。）可知，空处应该是问如何实现人生目标，结合选项，E选项"你将如何实现它？"符合语境。故选E。
本文主要介绍了如何开始自我发现之旅，并给出了四条具体措施，包括了解自己的价值、知道让自己兴奋的事情、去不同地方旅行以及问自己想成为什么样的人。
做题时结合原文和题目有针对性找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确的答案。
6~20.【答案】A、C、B、D、A、B、D、B、B、C、C、D、D、A、A
【解析】略
1. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一天，一个小男孩拜访了一位智者，问他："'伟大'这个词是什么意思？谁是伟大的人，他们如何变得伟大？"wise（明智的，有智慧的）；hnest（诚实的）；crazy（疯狂的）；fl（愚蠢的，名词，此处需形容词，语法不符）。根据后文 "The wise asked the by"（这位智者问男孩）可知，小男孩拜访的是智者，故选A。
2. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一天，一个小男孩拜访了一位智者，问他："'伟大'这个词是什么意思？谁是伟大的人，他们如何变得伟大？"gd（好的）；bad（坏的）；great（伟大的）；terrible（糟糕的）。前文连续围绕 "great" 提问，先问 "great" 的含义、谁是伟大的人，接着应问 "如何变得伟大"，语义连贯，故选C。
3. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：智者让男孩带两株植物来，告诉他一株种在房子里，另一株种在外面。push（推）；bring（带来，从别处带到说话人所在处）；allw（允许）；take（拿走，从说话人所在处带到别处）。结合语境，智者让男孩把植物带到自己这里来，用 "bring" 符合 "从别处带来" 的逻辑，故选B。
4. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：智者让男孩带两株植物来，告诉他一株种在房子里，另一株种在外面。ut（向外）；beside（在……旁边，介词，此处需副词，语法不符）；inside（在里面）；utside（在外面）。根据 "ne f them inside the huse"（一株在房子里）可知，此处是 "另一株在外面"，形成对比，故选D。
5. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：男孩深吸一口气，说："房子里的植物会长得更大，因为它很安全，但外面的环境没那么舒适。"breath（呼吸）；smke（烟）；break（休息）；stress（压力）。"take a deep breath" 是固定搭配，意为 "深吸一口气"，符合男孩思考后回答的动作，故选A。
6. 考查连词词义辨析。句意：男孩深吸一口气，说："房子里的植物会长得更大，因为它很安全，但外面的环境没那么舒适。"but（但是，表转折）；because（因为，表原因）；and（和，表并列）；s（所以，表结果）。"房子里的植物长得大" 的原因是 "安全"，后句解释前句的原因，用 "because"，故选B。
7. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：男孩深吸一口气，说："房子里的植物会长得更大，因为它很安全，但外面的环境没那么舒适。"useful（有用的）；hnest（诚实的，修饰人，不修饰环境）；careful（仔细的，修饰人，不修饰环境）；cmfrtable（舒适的）。结合语境，房子里安全，外面环境不如室内 "舒适"，符合男孩对植物生长环境的判断，故选D。
8. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：没人会在那里照顾它。lk fr（寻找）；care fr（照顾，照料）；lk ut（小心，向外看）；lk ver（检查，浏览）。植物在室外，男孩认为没人 "照顾" 它，符合 "担心植物生长" 的语境，故选B。
9. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：智者微笑着问："你对此完全确定吗？你可以自己发现真相。一年后回来，我们再看。"lnely（孤独的）；certain（确定的）；crazy（疯狂的）；necessary（必要的）。智者对男孩的判断提出疑问，问他是否 "确定"，引出后续让男孩自己验证真相的内容，故选B。
10. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：智者微笑着问："你对此完全确定吗？你可以自己发现真相。一年后回来，我们再看。"cmpare（比较）；regret（后悔）；discver（发现，指发现原本存在但未被知晓的事物）；sense（感觉到）。"真相" 是需要男孩通过观察去 "发现" 的，而非 "比较""后悔" 或 "感觉"，故选C。
11. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这段时间里，他一直想着那两株植物，尤其是在天气太冷或太热的时候。mment（时刻，瞬间，侧重短暂时间）；secnd（秒，时间极短）；perid（一段时间，指持续的一段时长）；day（天，单指一天，与 "一年" 不符）。"一年" 是一段持续的时间，用 "perid" 符合语境，故选C。
12. 考查代词词义辨析。句意：当他看到房子里那株绿油油的植物时，对智者说："你看，这株房子里的植物没发生什么事，现在长得很好。"anything（任何事，常用于否定句或疑问句）；smething（某事，常用于肯定句）；nbdy（没人，指人，此处指植物的情况，语法不符）；nthing（没什么事，表否定）。结合 "grws well nw"（现在长得好）可知，植物没发生不好的事，用 "nthing"，故选D。
13. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但当男孩走到外面时，他非常惊讶地看到一棵大树。nervus（紧张的）；upset（沮丧的）；painful（痛苦的）；surprised（惊讶的）。男孩原本认为室外植物生长不好，却看到一棵大树，内心应是 "惊讶的"，故选D。
14. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：它差不多有两米高。height（高度，名词）；high（高的，形容词，此处需名词，语法不符）；width（宽度）；depth（深度）。"2 meters"（两米）描述的是树的 "高度"，而非 "宽度" 或 "深度"，故选A。
15. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：只有这样，他或她才能茁壮成长并绽放光彩。shine（发光，绽放光彩，喻指实现价值）；spare（抽出，节省）；argue（争论）；review（复习，回顾）。结合 "becme great"（变得伟大）可知，此处指经历困难后 "绽放光彩"，实现伟大的价值，故选A。
21.【答案】【小题1】
What's wrng
【小题2】
S we've been spending mre time tgether
【小题3】
Why des it make her unhappy
【小题4】
Why dn't yu invite Alice t jin yu and Julie/Why nt ask Alice t jin yu when yu spend time with Julie
【小题5】
That's a great idea
【解析】1. 根据前文I think I've made Alice mad and I'm nt sure what t d abut it.（我觉得我把爱丽丝惹生气了，而且我不知道该怎么办。）可知，提出自己的困惑，让爱丽丝生气了，不知道该怎么办，此处应是了解具体情况，问发生了什么。故填What's wrng。
2. 根据前句the mre I gt t knw Julie，the mre I've realized that we have a lt in cmmn.（我越了解朱莉，就越意识到我们有很多共同点。）可知，两人很投机，所以是会花更多时间在一起了。故填S we've been spending mre time tgether。
3. 根据下文答语Because Alice thinks that Julie is nw clser t me.（因为爱丽丝觉得朱莉现在和我更亲近了。）可知，要问为什么这件事使她不开心。故填Why des it make her unhappy。
4. 根据上文D yu have any gd advice？（你有什么好建议吗？）以及句末问号可知，此处要给出可以，可以这样建议"为什么不邀请爱丽丝和你以及朱莉一起呢"。故填Why dn't yu invite Alice t jin yu and Julie/Why nt ask Alice t jin yu when yu spend time with Julie。
5. 根据后句That can make ur friendship strnger.Thank yu very much!（那会让我们的友谊更加牢固。非常感谢你！）可知，是在称赞对方的建议。故填That's a great idea。
22~26.【答案】B、B、B、C、B
【解析】短文讲了内蒙古东北部因大雪天实施线上授课（称"E-learning"），学生对此态度分歧明显。支持者安娜认为在家学习更安全，能向老师家长求助，还可节省通勤时间玩雪。反对者鲍勃指出网课易分心、可能断电，且怀念校园社交，建议推迟课程待雪停复课。两封当地初中生的来信分别代表了对极端天气下在线教育的不同观点与体验。
在通读全文的基础上，根据全文大意，展开逻辑思维，瞻前顾后，认真观察选项，仔细推敲，确定最佳答案。
1. 细节理解题。根据第一段 "Many schls in nrth - east Inner Mnglia ask students t have class nline n snwy days. We ften call it "E - learning" fr shrt." （内蒙古东北部的许多学校在下雪天都会要求学生进行线上上课。我们通常将其简称为"E - learning"。）可知，"E - learning" 指的是在线学习（studying nline）。故选B。
2. 细节理解题。根据Anna信中 "When we have any prblems in study，we can ask nt nly ur teachers but als ur parents." （当我们学习中遇到任何问题时，我们不仅可以向老师请教，还可以向父母寻求帮助。）可知，在家学习时，她的父母可以帮助她学习。故选B。
3. 细节理解题。根据Anna在信中 "Ging t schl n a heavy - snw day is really dangerus. We can keep safe by studying at hme."（在大雪天去上学真的很危险。我们可以在家里学习来保证安全。）可知她认为在线学习是安全的。故选B。
4. 细节理解题。根据Bb在信中 "I may lse myself when I use the cmputers r cellphnes."（当我使用电脑或手机时，可能会失去自我意识。）可知他可能在网上迷失自我。故选C。
5. 细节理解题。根据Bb在信中 "Why nt try delaying （推迟） the classes and wait until the snw stps？"（为何不试着推迟上课时间，等到雪停了再继续上课呢？）可知他认为雪停后可以上课。故选B。
27~31.【答案】A、B、C、B、B
【解析】小明努力搬不动重箱子，父亲提醒他"你还没向我求助"，让他明白寻求帮助不是软弱。故事告诉我们，遇到困难时，懂得求助是智慧的表现。
答阅读题时，先弄清楚短文的主旨大意和文章的脉络，然后在文章中找到对应的信息，再和选项作对比，得出正确答案。
1. 推理判断题。根据第一段"Xiaming went n t mve it again."（小明继续搬动它。）第二段"At that time，Xiaming's father came hme frm wrk."（正在那时，小明的爸爸下班回家了。）可知，但小明爸爸回家时，小明正在搬动箱子，故选A。
2. 细节理解题。根据第一段"He tried his best t mve it，but the bx did nt mve at all.After he had a rest fr a shrt time，Xiaming went n t mve it again."（他尽最大努力去移动它，但是箱子一点也不动。休息了一会儿后，小明又继续移动它。）可知，在爸爸来前，小明搬动了两次箱子，故选B。
3. 细节理解题。根据第一段"He stpped t watch what his sn was ding.The father didn't help him，but instead（相反）asked"（他停下来看他的儿子在做什么。父亲没有帮助他，而是问他。）可知，父亲停下来观察并且问问题，故选C。
4. 细节理解题。根据第四段"yu're nt.Yu have nt asked me t help yu."（你不是。你没有要求我帮助你。）可知，爸爸说小明没有想尽一切办法搬箱子是因为小明没有向他人请求帮助，故选B。
5. 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，小明努力搬不动重箱子，父亲提醒他"你还没向我求助"，让他明白寻求帮助不是软弱，不要害怕向他人请求帮助，故选B。
32~36.【答案】D、B、C、B、A
【解析】（ 1）词义猜测题。根据文章第1段Their discvery indicates that by using lunar sil，scientists can create a lt f water n the Mn.（他们的发现……，通过使用月球土壤，科学家可以在月球上创造大量的水。）可猜测出，应是他们的发现"表明"通过使用月球土壤，科学家可以在月球上制造大量的水。因此，"indicates"在这里表示"表明"的意思。故选D。
（ 2）推理判断题。根据文章第2段In the past，it was shwn that there might be ice at the Mn's nrth and suth ples （南北极）.（过去，人们发现月球的北极和南极可能有冰。）可知，过去认为月球两极可能有冰，但月球土壤中水含量极低，难以获取。根据第3段 The researchers，hwever，fund smething exciting，after studying the rcks and sil frm the Mn brught back by the Chang'e-5 spaceship.One f the exciting things they discvered is that lunar sil melts （熔化） when it reaches ver 1，000℃.（然而，研究人员在研究了嫦娥五号飞船从月球带回的岩石和土壤后，发现了一些令人兴奋的东西。他们发现的令人兴奋的事情之一是，当月球土壤达到1000℃以上时就会融化。）可知，新发现是通过加热土壤产生水）。因此，提及早期研究是为了与新的发现进行对比，突出新方法的突破性。故选B。
（ 3）细节理解题。根据文章第3段One f the exciting things they discvered is that lunar sil melts when it reaches ver 1，000°C.When it begins t melt，it prduces water vapr.（他们发现的令人兴奋的事情之一是，月球土壤在超过1000摄氏度时就会融化。当它开始融化时，就会产生水蒸气。）可知，月球土壤需要达到1，000°C以上并熔化才能产生水蒸气。故选C。
（ 4）细节理解题。根据文章第3段They learned that just 100 g f lunar sil can give us 5.1 g t 7.6 g f water.（他们了解到仅仅100克月球土壤就能给我们提供5.1克到7.6克的水。）计算可知，1，000 g（即1 kg）月球土壤可产水51 g至76 g，大约在60克左右。故选B。
（ 5）主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据第一段A great scientific discvery amazed the wrld.Chinese scientists have already fund a new methd t prduce water n the Mn.It culd change hw we think abut living n the Mn in the future!They wrte abut their discvery in a science magazine called The Innvatin.Their discvery indicates that by using lunar sil，scientists can create a lt f water n the Mn.（一项伟大的科学发现震惊了世界。中国科学家已经发现了一种在月球上制造水的新方法。它可能会改变我们对未来在月球上生活的看法！他们在名为《创新》的科学杂志上发表了他们的发现。他们的发现表明，通过使用月球土壤，科学家可以在月球上创造大量的水。）可知，文章围绕中国科学家发现利用月球土壤制造水的方法这一核心展开，阐述了其原理、产水量以及对未来月球探索的意义。因此，文章的主要内容是"在月球上获取水是可能的"。故选A。
本文是一篇新闻报道。主要报道了中国科学家发现利用月球土壤在月球上制造水的新方法，阐述了这一发现对未来月球探索和居住的重要意义。
答阅读题时，先弄清楚短文的主旨大意和文章的脉络，然后在文章中找到对应的信息，再和选项作对比，得出正确答案。
37.【答案】【小题1】
why
【小题2】
myself
【小题3】
find
【小题4】
well
【小题5】
grades
【小题6】
s
【小题7】
attentin
【小题8】
sure
【小题9】
mistakes
【小题10】
easier
【解析】1. 考查副词。句意：但是我不知道为什么每次重要的考试我都做不好。空格前面的词语是动词，空格后面的词语是一个句子，所以要用why来填空，引导宾语从句。故填why。
2. 考查代词。句意：这让我问我自己。空格前面的词语是动词，所以要用反身代词myself来填空，作宾语。故填myself。
3. 考查动词。句意：我过去在学校也发现考试很难，即使我的功课非常好。used t d sth.固定短语，过去常常做某事，所以要用动词原形来填空。故填find。
4. 考查副词。句意：考试会带来不同程度的压力，有时在压力下很难做好。空格前面的词语是动词，所以要用副词well来填空，修饰动词。故填well。
5. 考查名词。句意：当我学会更冷静、更自信时，我在考试中取得了更高的分数。根据in exams（在考试中）所以要用复数名词来填空，表示一类事物。故填grades。
6. 考查连词。句意：你已经为考试做了准备，所以请相信你也能考好。空格后面的词语是一个句子，所以要用连词s来填空，引导结果状语从句。故填s。
7. 考查名词。句意：多注意你的试卷。pay attentin t固定短语，注意。故填attentin。
8. 考查形容词。句意：尽量确保你花时间阅读问题并准确理解它们，如果可能的话，计划好你的答案。make sure固定短语，确保。故填sure。
9. 考查名词。句意：当你非常紧张的时候，你可能会错过一些事情或者犯一些简单的错误。make mistakes固定短语，犯错。复数名词来填空，表示一类事物。故填mistakes。
10. 考查形容词比较级。句意：如果你能更习惯考试的感觉，那么真正的考试可能会容易得多。空格前面的词语是副词much，所以要用形容词比较级easier来填空。故填easier。
38.【答案】【小题1】
fr
【小题2】
there
【小题3】
up
【小题4】
s
【小题5】
the
【解析】（1）考查介词。句意：那天我们走了大约5个小时。空格后的"abut 5 hurs"（大约5个小时）表示一段时间，"fr+一段时间"表示动作持续了多久，此处表示走了大约5个小时。故填fr。
（2）考查there be句型。句意：也许是因为已经过了午餐时间，我们走进来的时候人不多，我们可以选择最好的地方。此处应用there be句型的否定结构表示"没有"，此处表示餐馆没有很多人。故填there。
（3）考查固定短语。句意：我们早上8点起床，直接去了海滩。get up意为"起床"，此处表示早上8点起床。故填up。
（4）考查固定短语。句意：日落如此美丽，直到天完全黑了我们才离开。"s+形容词或副词+that从句"意为"如此……以至于……"，此处表示日落如此美丽，以至于作者他们直到天黑才离开。故填s。
（5）考查冠词。句意：我们在鼓浪屿度过了第三天。空格后的"third"是序数词，序数词前通常要加定冠词the。故填the。
本文主要讲述了作者在厦门三天的旅行经历。
语法填空题要根据上下文语境，运用语法和词汇知识，反复推敲以求得解答。充分考虑到上下文具体语境，需要考生弄懂上下文的语境。
39.【答案】Dear Wei Ming，
I'm srry t hear that yu are a bit nervus these days. I knw that yu have a busy schl life and it can make yu feel wrried. Dn't think t much abut bad grades. Just try yur best in class and d yur hmewrk carefully. As fr the wrries abut pr health, yu shuld d mre sprts t keep healthy. If yu dn't feel well, yu can talk with yur friends r teachers. Als, dn't frget t take breaks and relax.
Cheer up, my dear friend! Everything will be OK if yu pay mre attentin t yur schl life.

Yurs, Li Hua
【解析】Dear Wei Ming，
I'm srry t hear that yu are a bit nervus these days.（表达感受）I knw that yu have a busy schl life and it can make yu feel wrried.【高分句型一】Dn't think t much abut bad grades.Just try yur best in class and d yur hmewrk carefully.As fr the wrries abut pr health，yu shuld d mre sprts t keep healthy.If yu dn't feel well，yu can talk with yur friends r teachers.【高分句型二】Als，dn't frget t take breaks and relax.（介绍担忧并给出建议）
Cheer up，my dear friend!Everything will be OK if yu pay mre attentin t yur schl life.

Yurs， Li Hua
【高分句型一】
I knw that yu have a busy schl life and it can make yu feel wrried.
翻译：我知道你有着繁忙的学业生活，这可能会让你感到焦虑。
分析：句子中应用了that引导的宾语从句。
【高分句型二】
If yu dn't feel well，yu can talk with yur friends r teachers.
翻译：如果你感觉不舒服，你可以和你的朋友或者老师谈谈。
分析：句子中应用了if引导的条件状语从句。
能够根据提示进行书面表达，能够围绕主题准确使用一定的语法、词汇、短语和句型等，清楚连贯地表达自己的思想，进而完成写作任务。
Yes! by Anna，13
Ging t schl n a heavy-snw day is really dangerus. We can keep safe by studying at hme. When we have any prblems in study，we can ask nt nly ur teachers but als ur parents. What's mre，we can save the time f ging t and cming back frm schl and use it t d smething we like，such as having fun in the snw.
N! by Bb，14
Is it necessary t study nline？E-learning is nt fr me. I may lse myself when I use the cmputers r cellphnes. Smetimes，the pwer （电力） might be ut because f the heavy snw. I miss my classmates and friends at schl. S I hpe the heavy snw can stp sn. Why nt try delaying （推迟） the classes and wait until the snw stps？
s；grade；attentin；find；sure；why；I；easy；mistake；well
David，
Studying hard at schl ften helps me imprve my grades.But I dn't knw (1) I can't d well every time I have an imprtant exam.It makes me questin (2) .What shuld I d？
Michael
Hi Michael，
I used t (3) exams difficult in schl t，even when my schlwrk was really gd.Exams can bring a different level f stress，and smetimes it can be hard t d (4) under pressure.When I learned t be calmer and mre cnfident in myself，I gt higher (5) in exams.
The best thing is t stay calm in the exam.Yu've studied fr the exam， (6) please be cnfident that yu can d well in the exam，t.Pay mre (7) t yur papers.And try t make (8) yu're taking time t read the questins and understand them exactly，and if pssible，plan ut yur answers.Yu might miss things r make simple (9) when yu're really nervus.
It might als be wrth asking yur teacher fr sme practice exam papers.If yu can get mre used t the feeling f the exams，the real exam then might be much (10) .It's als wrth talking t yur teacher，friends and parents abut this situatin.They may be able t help yu wrk ut the prblems and find slutins.
David
Wei Ming's feeling
Wei Ming's wrries
Yur advice
nervus
busy schl life nervus bad grades pr health
...