专题11 动词专项之动词时态语态2(过去时)(课件)-高中英语语法高考一轮复习全攻略
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这是一份专题11 动词专项之动词时态语态2(过去时)(课件)-高中英语语法高考一轮复习全攻略,共30页。PPT课件主要包含了CONTENTS ,一般过去时,过去进行时,过去完成时,过去将来时,过去完成进行时等内容,欢迎下载使用。
The cmpany launched a new prduct last year.公司去年推出了新产品。He didn’t g t schl yesterday because he was sick.
一般过去时表示过去已发生的动作,并有明确的时间状语,如yesterday, last week, in 2024。
When I was a child, I ften played sccer in the street.They didn’t always agree with each ther when they wrked tgether.
一般过去时表示过去的习惯性或经常发生的动作,常与ften等频度副词连用。
I wish I didn’t have t wrk tday.我倒希望今天不用上班。I wish she had mre free time.我倒希望她有更多空闲时间。
I wish that…表示“我倒希望……”,从句与现在事实相反用一般过去时。
It’s high time the gvernment tk actin t reduce pllutin.It is time that schls shuld teach students practical life skills.
It is (high) time that…“早该……”,从句用一般过去时或shuld d。
I wuld rather (that) it were sunny tmrrw.我倒宁愿明天是晴天。
I wuld rather that…表示“我倒宁愿……”,与现在、将来事实相反均用一般过去时。
If nly he were here with me nw.(要是他现在和我在一起就好了。
If nly…“要是……该多好!”,从句与现在事实相反用一般过去时。
If I were a dctr, I wuld help mre peple.要是我是医生,我会帮助更多人。
If虚拟条件句与现在事实相反,从句用一般过去时。
1.过去进行时表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作,往往有明确时间状语at 7:00 last night。
At 7:00 last night, I was watching a dcumentary n TV.昨晚 7 点,我正在看电视上的纪录片。
2. 过去进行时还表示过去一段时间内频繁发生或一直进行的动作,伴随有时间状语this mrning, yesterday。
While I was studying in my rm, my brther was playing vide games dwnstairs.我在房间学习时,弟弟在楼下玩电子游戏。
3. g, cme, leave等瞬间动词用于过去进行时表示将要发生动作。
The train was leaving at 6:00 a.m., s we had t hurry.火车原定早上 6 点出发,所以我们得加快。
4. 过去进行时与as, when, while等状语从句呼应,表示另一动作发生的背景。
While they were waiting fr the bus, it started raining.他们等公交时,开始下雨了。As the weather was getting clder, we were preparing fr winter.随着天气变冷,我们在为冬天做准备。
5. 频度副词如 always, frever, cntinually, cnstantly 与过去进行时连用时,通过重复的动作传递强烈的感情色彩,如赞扬、喜爱、抱怨、不满、不耐烦等。
She was always changing her mind. 她总是改变主意。In the past he was cnstantly asking me fr mney. 过去他总是不停要钱。
表示某一动作或状态在过去某一时间之前或过去某一动作之前已经完成,核心是“过去的过去”。
By 9 'clck last night, I had finished my hmewrk.昨晚 9 点前,我已经做完作业了。After they had discussed the plan fr hurs, they finally made a decisin.
与befre, until, when, than连用,表示在过去某一时间之前或过去某一动作之前已经完成。
The rain had stpped befre we started ur hike.我们开始徒步前,雨已经停了。When I called her, she had already left fr the airprt.
intend, mean, plan, want等动词过去完成时可以用来表示一个本来打算做而未做的事。
I had intended t call yu yesterday, but I gt stuck in traffic.He had meant t aplgize fr his wrds, but he didn’t have the curage.
It was the first time that…句型that从句用过去完成时。
It was the first time that she hadn’t finished her hmewrk n time.那是她第一次没有按时完成作业。
hardly…when…和n sner… than…句型主句用过去完成时。
Hardly had she finished her speech when the audience burst int applause.N sner had he pened the dr than a cat rushed ut.
If虚拟条件句,I wish that…, If nly…, I’d rather that…等从句表示与过去事实相反用过去完成时。
If nly we had started the prject sner.要是我们早点启动项目就好了。I’d rather yu had tld me the news earlier.我宁愿你早点告诉我这个消息。
I thught I shuld/wuld fail the exam, but I passed.When I was a child, my father wuld read me stries befre bed.
I was abut t leave the huse when it started raining heavily.He was abut t win the race when he tripped and fell.
The new law was t take effect n January 1st f that year.Little did he knw that this decisin was t change his life frever.
She was ging t the supermarket when I met her yesterday.The train was leaving in five minutes, s we ran t the platfrm.
理解: 双无—一个句子无谓语,无连接词,所给动词应考虑填谓语。 双有—一个句子有谓语,且有连接词,所给动词应考虑填谓语。 有谓无连—一个句子有谓语,但是后边动词所在句子无连接词,考虑非谓语。解释:句子谓语三种类型:单谓语、双谓语(A and B)或三谓语(A, B and C)区分谓语和非谓语关键在于长难句分析:括号法-(从句)(非谓语)(介词短语)(名词短语)
单谓语:Ordinary sap can deal with bacteria effectively.双谓语:Our hsts shared many f their experiences and recmmended wnderful places t visit.三谓语:On Saturday afternn, Mrs. Green went t the market, bught sme bananas and visited her cusin.
1. The guide ________ (lead) the way, we had n truble getting ut f the frest. 2. The guide ________ (lead) the way, s we had n truble getting ut f the frest.3. ________ (call) me tmrrw and I’ll let yu knw the lab result. 4. ________ (call) me tmrrw, I’ll let yu knw the lab result.5. He vlunteered t help cntrl traffic, ________ (dnate) an hur f his time every week. 6. He vlunteered t help cntrl traffic, and ___________ (dnate) an hur f his time every __________ n bus, we had t walk ______ n bus and we had t walk hme.9. Jim was listening attentively t the lecture, and all his attentin ____________ (fix) n it.
动词时态语态(过去时)
“Sme f the things that Tang was writing abut were als Shakespeare’s cncerns. I happen t knw that Tang’s play The Peny Pavilin (《牡丹亭》) is similar in sme ways t Rme and Juliet.”
汤显祖所写的一些内容也是莎士比亚所关心的。我碰巧知道汤显祖的戏剧《牡丹亭》在某些方面与《罗密欧与朱丽叶》相似。
Tw years later, a six-meter-tall pavilin, inspired by The Peny Pavilin, was built at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk frm Shakespeare’s birthplace.
两年后,一座六米高的亭子在菲斯花园落成,该花园距离莎士比亚故居仅十分钟步行路程,其灵感来自《牡丹亭》。
Having visited several times ver the last 10 years, I was amazed by the c-existence f ld and new, and hw a city was able t keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while cnstantly grwing.
在过去的10年里,我多次访问北京,我惊讶于这里的新旧共存,惊讶于一个城市如何在不断发展的同时保持如此丰富的文化遗产。
The plan will extend prtectin t a significant number f areas that were previusly unprtected, bringing many f the existing prtected areas fr giant pandas under ne authrity t increase effectiveness and reduce incnsistencies in management.
该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区,将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构,以提高效率,减少管理上的不一致性。
Making chices is part f life. By the time yu brushed yur teeth, yu ____________ (make) several decisins even withut nticing.
句意:当你刷牙的时候,你甚至在不知不觉中已经做了好几个决定。根据时间状语“By the time yu brushed yur teeth”可知,此处表示在过去某一时间点之前已经完成的动作,时态应用过去完成时,谓语用had made。填had made。
Funtain pens __________ (use) in schls lng ag and have been regaining ppularity lately because they are refillable.
句意:钢笔很久以前就在学校里使用了,最近又重新流行起来,因为它们可以重新填充。空格处作谓语,根据时间状语lng ag可知,应用一般过去时,主语Funtain pens和动词use之间是被动关系,应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填were used。
They 64 (be) part f a 15-member explring party that had spent almst five awesme weeks in witness f the natural beauties there.
句意:他们是一个由15人组成的探险队的一部分,他们花了近五个星期的时间来见证那里的自然美景。本空前They指代上文提及的四个男人,时间为1870年,同时联系后文had spent的过去完成时可知,本空时态为过去式且为复数形式,故填were。
Hwever, thugh it’s nice t get a few cents ff a pack f sausages, it wuld help even mre if they culd smetimes __________ (ffer) in smaller packs.
解析:考查含有情态动词的被动语态。句意:然而,虽然一包香肠能便宜几美分是件好事,但如果有时能以小包装出售,那就更好了。动词ffer意为“提供”,和主语构成被动关系,主语they代指前文中的sausages。在情态动词culd后动词应用原形。故填be ffered。
适用场景:描述过去发生的动作、存在的状态、过去的习惯,是高中过去时写作最基础、使用频率最高的时态。结构:主语+动词过去式(规则动词+ed,不规则动词需特殊记忆)写作例句:◦ I visited the ld museum with my classmates last Sunday.(上周日我和同学参观了古老的博物馆。)◦ She was a tp student in junir high schl.(她初中时是尖子生。)
适用场景:描述过去某个具体时间点/时间段正在进行的动作;用于故事背景铺垫,让叙事更生动。结构:主语+was/were+ding写作例句:◦ At 8 'clck last night, I was ding my English hmewrk.(昨晚八点,我正在写英语作业。)◦ When the rainstrm came, we were climbing the muntain.(暴雨来袭时,我们正在爬山。)
适用场景:强调“过去的过去”,即动作发生在过去某个动作/时间之前;用于写作中体现动作先后顺序,提升语法丰富度。结构:主语+had+过去分词写作例句:◦ Befre I came t this schl, I had learned 2000 English wrds.(在来到这所学校之前,我已经学了2000个英语单词。)◦ The mvie had started when we arrived at the cinema.(我们到达电影院时,电影已经开始了。)
适用场景:立足于过去的时间,描述从过去看将要发生的动作,多用于宾语从句、故事叙事。结构:主语+wuld/was ging t+动词原形写作例句:◦ He said he wuld take part in the English speech cntest.(他说他会参加英语演讲比赛。)◦ We were ging t have a picnic, but it rained heavily.(我们本打算去野餐,但是下了大雨。)
过去进行时(过去某时刻正在进行的动作)
I was watching a classic English mvie in the living rm at eight last night when the drbell suddenly rang.
昨晚八点我正在客厅看一部经典的英文电影,突然门铃响了。
主句(过去进行时)+ when引导的时间状语从句(一般过去时)。这是高中必考的经典句型,when 在此处表示“就在那时”,突出一个长动作(看电影)被一个短暂动作(门铃响)打断。
过去完成时(过去的过去)
When I arrived at the railway statin, the train bund fr Beijing had been away fr ten minutes.
当我到达火车站时,那辆开往北京的火车已经离开十分钟了。
句子中出现延续性时间状语 fr ten minutes,短暂性动词 leave 不能和时间段连用,因此将 had left 改为延续性表达 had been away,这是高中时态改错和写作的核心易错点。
一般过去时(叙述过去连续动作)
He walked int the classrm, put dwn his schlbag, tk ut his textbk and began t listen t the teacher carefully yesterday afternn.
他昨天下午走进教室,放下书包,拿出课本,开始认真听老师讲课。
这是一个简单句+并列谓语结构。四个动词 walked、put、tk、began 均使用过去式,通过 and 连接,共同作主语 He 的谓语,体现动作的先后顺序。
The engineer had been wrking cntinuusly fr three whle mnths befre the prject was finally accepted.
那位工程师在项目最终验收之前,已经连续工作了整整三个月。
过去完成进行时,结构为 had been + ding。该时态强调动作从过去某一时间开始,一直持续到过去另一个时间,并且侧重动作的持续性和重复性。
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