高考英语二轮专题-动词时态语态2(过去时)(知识清单)(教师版)
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这是一份高考英语二轮专题-动词时态语态2(过去时)(知识清单)(教师版),共24页。学案主要包含了跟踪训练,参考答案等内容,欢迎下载使用。
01 一般过去时典型用法
一般过去时是英语中用于描述过去发生的动作、状态或存在的情况的时态。
1.一般过去时表示过去已发生的动作,并有明确的时间状语,如yesterday, last week, in 2024。
The cmpany launched a new prduct last year.
公司去年推出了新产品。
He didn’t g t schl yesterday because he was sick.
他昨天没去上学,因为生病了。
2.一般过去时表示过去的习惯性或经常发生的动作,常与ften等频度副词连用。
When I was a child, I ften played sccer in the street.
我小时候经常在街上踢足球。
They didn’t always agree with each ther when they wrked tgether.
他们一起工作时,并不总是意见一致。
3. I wish that…表示“我倒希望……”,从句与现在事实相反用一般过去时。
I wish I didn’t have t wrk tday.
我倒希望今天不用上班。
I wish she had mre free time.
我倒希望她有更多空闲时间。
4. It is (high) time that…表示“早该……”,从句用一般过去时或shuld d。
It’s high time the gvernment tk actin t reduce pllutin.
政府早该采取行动减少污染了。
It is time that schls shuld teach students practical life skills.
学校早该教学生实用的生活技能了。
5. I wuld rather that…表示“我倒宁愿……”,与现在、将来事实相反均用一般过去时。
I wuld rather (that) I didn’t have s much wrk nw.
我倒宁愿现在没这么多工作。
I wuld rather (that) it were sunny tmrrw.
我倒宁愿明天是晴天。
6. If nly…表示“要是……该多好!”,从句与现在事实相反用一般过去时。
If nly he were here with me nw.(要是他现在和我在一起就好了。
7. If虚拟条件句与现在事实相反,从句用一般过去时。
If I were a dctr, I wuld help mre peple.
要是我是医生,我会帮助更多人。
【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.He (withdraw) sme mney frm the bank and then went hme.
1.withdrew
解析:考查时态。句意:他从银行取了些钱,然后回家了。句中and then went hme表明事情发生在过去,and连接两个并列的动作,时态应保持一致,所以withdraw(取[钱] )也应用一般过去时,withdraw的过去式是withdrew,故填withdrew。
2.When we asked her pinin, she (reply) that she had changed her mind.
2.replied
解析:考查动词时态。句意:当我们问她的意见时,她回答说她已经改变了主意。分析句子可知,设空处为主句谓语,结合从句谓语动词asked,此处描述的是过去发生的动作,应用一般过去时,故设空处应填reply的过去式replied。故填replied。
3.It is abut time tur peratrs (respect) the law and their wn cde f cnduct.
3.respected/shuld respect
解析:考查虚拟语气。句意:旅游经营者是时候该遵守法律和他们自己的行为准则了。“It is abut time (that)...”是一个固定句型,表示“是……的时候了”,在这个句型中,that引导的从句要用虚拟语气,其谓语动词用一般过去时或者“shuld + 动词原形”,shuld不可省略。故填respected/shuld respect。
4.When a pencil is partly put int water, it lks as if it (break).
4.were brken
解析:考查虚拟语气和动词语态。句意:当铅笔部分放入水中时,看起来好像折了。it和break之间是动宾关系,这里应用被动语态。as if引导的让步状语从句中常用虚拟语气,这里表示与现在情况相反,谓语用过去式,be动词使用were。故填were brken。
5.If nly I _________ (knw) her phne number! Then I culd call her right nw.
5.knew
解析:考查虚拟语气。句意:我要是知道她的电话号码就好了!那我现在就可以给她打电话。“If nly”意为“要是……就好了”,用虚拟语气,由right nw可知,句子描述与现在相反的情况,时态用一般过去时,空格处用过去式knew,故填knew。
02 过去进行时典型用法
1.过去进行时表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作,往往有明确时间状语at 7:00 last night。
At 7:00 last night, I was watching a dcumentary n TV.
昨晚 7 点,我正在看电视上的纪录片。
2. 过去进行时还表示过去一段时间内频繁发生或一直进行的动作,伴随有时间状语this mrning, yesterday。
While I was studying in my rm, my brther was playing vide games dwnstairs.
我在房间学习时,弟弟在楼下玩电子游戏。
3. g, cme, leave等瞬间动词用于过去进行时表示将要发生动作。
The train was leaving at 6:00 a.m., s we had t hurry.
火车原定早上 6 点出发,所以我们得加快。
4. 过去进行时与as, when, while等状语从句呼应,表示另一动作发生的背景。
While they were waiting fr the bus, it started raining.
他们等公交时,开始下雨了。
As the weather was getting clder, we were preparing fr winter.
随着天气变冷,我们在为冬天做准备。
5. 频度副词如 always, frever, cntinually, cnstantly 与过去进行时连用时,通过重复的动作传递强烈的感情色彩,如赞扬、喜爱、抱怨、不满、不耐烦等。
She was always changing her mind.
她总是改变主意。
In the past he was cnstantly asking me fr mney.
过去他总是不停要钱。
【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.The man with his daughters and sns (watch) TV at this mment yesterday.
1.was watching
解析:考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:昨天这个时候,这个男人和他的女儿们、儿子们正在看电视。设空处为谓语动词,根据时间状语“at this mment yesterday”可知,句子应用过去进行时,其结构为“was/were + 现在分词”,句子主语为The man with his daughters and sns,其中with介词短语不影响主语的单复数,实际主语是The man,谓语动词的数应与主语The man保持一致,即用单数形式。故填was watching。
2.Renner (wrk) t get the car ut f the snw when he asked Jhn fr help.
2.was wrking
解析:考查过去进行时。句意:雷纳正在努力把车从雪中弄出来,这时他向约翰求助。本句为含有when引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句,设空处为主句谓语,且与主语Renner之间为主动关系;根据从句谓语asked并结合语境可知,从句动作发生时,主句动作同时进行,故应用过去进行时,其结构为:was/were+动词-ing形式。主语Renner为第三人称单数,be动词应用was。故填was wrking。
3.Simcha Blass (visit) a friend in the Israeli desert in the 1930s when he nticed smething unusual.
3.was visiting
解析:考查时态。句意:20世纪30年代,西姆查·布莱斯正在以色列的沙漠中拜访一位朋友,这时他注意到了一些不寻常的事情。设空处在主句中作谓语且与主语Simcha Blass之间为主动关系;根据时间状语in the 1930s并结合when引可知,从句动作发生时,主句动作正在进行,应用过去进行时,be ding sth. when...表示“正在做某事,这时……”,主语Simcha Blass为第三人称单数,be动词应用was。故填was visiting。
4.Unfrtunately, we had t admit ur mney (run) ut in weeks.
4.wuld run/was running
解析:考查时态。句意:不幸的是,我们必须承认我们的钱几周之内就要用完了。设空处为从句的谓语部分, 根据in weeks.和主句时态提示可知,此处应使用过去将来时;run ut表示状态变化,表示即将发生的事,常用其进行时态表示将来,故也可用过去进行时。故填wuld run/was running。
5.Jim (ck) in the kitchen when he heard a knck at the dr.
5.was cking
解析:考查时态。句意:吉姆正在厨房做饭时听到了敲门声。本题考查固定句型“was/were ding sth. when…”,意为“正在做某事时,发生了……”,从句中使用了一般过去时态,主句中用过去进行时,主语为第三人称单数形式。故填was cking。
01 过去完成时典型用法
1.表示某一动作或状态在过去某一时间之前或过去某一动作之前已经完成,核心是“过去的过去”。
By 9 'clck last night, I had finished my hmewrk.
昨晚 9 点前,我已经做完作业了。
After they had discussed the plan fr hurs, they finally made a decisin.
他们讨论了几个小时计划后,才最终做出决定。
2.与befre, until, when, than连用,表示在过去某一时间之前或过去某一动作之前已经完成。
The rain had stpped befre we started ur hike.
我们开始徒步前,雨已经停了。
When I called her, she had already left fr the airprt.
我给她打电话时,她已经出发去机场了。
3. intend, mean, plan, want等动词过去完成时可以用来表示一个本来打算做而未做的事。
I had intended t call yu yesterday, but I gt stuck in traffic.
我昨天本来打算给你打电话,但堵车了。
He had meant t aplgize fr his wrds, but he didn’t have the curage.
他本来想为自己的话道歉,但没勇气。
4. It was the first time that…句型that从句用过去完成时。
It was the first time that she hadn’t finished her hmewrk n time.
那是她第一次没有按时完成作业。
5. hardly…when…和n sner… than…句型主句用过去完成时。
Hardly had she finished her speech when the audience burst int applause.
她刚结束演讲,观众就爆发出掌声。
N sner had he pened the dr than a cat rushed ut.
他刚打开门,一只猫就冲了出来。
6. If虚拟条件句,I wish that…, If nly…, I’d rather that…等从句表示与过去事实相反用过去完成时。
If the cmpany had launched the prduct earlier, it might have earned mre prfits.
如果公司早点推出产品,可能已经赚更多利润了。
If nly we had started the prject sner.
要是我们早点启动项目就好了。
I’d rather yu had tld me the news earlier.
我宁愿你早点告诉我这个消息。
【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.Helen (leave) her keys in the ffice s she had t wait until her husband came hme.
1.had left
解析:考查时态。句意:海伦把钥匙忘在办公室了,所以她不得不等到她丈夫回来。由s she had t wait可知,海伦在过去的过去把钥匙忘在办公室了,因此时态用过去完成时,故填had left。
2.By the time my husband reached hme yesterday, I (ck) the dinner already.
2.had cked
解析:考查动词时态。句意:昨天我丈夫到家时,我已经做好晚饭了。ck作主句谓语,根据“By the time my husband reached hme yesterday”,描述的是在过去某个时间以前已经完成的动作,用过去完成时。故填had cked。
3.In his letter, he said it was the third time that he (visit) Zhuhai.
3.had visited
解析:考查时态。句意:他在信中说这是他第三次参观珠海。此处为句型it was+序数词+time+that+过去完成时,表示“第几次……”,故填had visited。
4.If my car (be) mre reliable, I wuld have driven t Lhasa instead f flying last summer.
4.had been
解析:考查虚拟语气。句意:如果我的车性能更可靠些,去年夏天我就会开车去拉萨而不是坐飞机了。根据wuld have driven以及last summer可知,本句是对过去情况的虚拟,条件状语从句用过去完成时(had dne),主句用“wuld/culd/might/shuld + have dne”结构。故填had been。
5.He is invlved in the truble nw. If nly he (listen) t his parents!
5.had listened
解析:考查虚拟语气。句意:他现在卷入了麻烦。要是他听了父母的话就好了!此处考查if nly引导的虚拟语气,用于表示与过去相反的愿望,用过去完成时。故填had listened。
01 过去将来时典型用法
1.“shuld/wuld +动词原形”表示从过去的某一时间来看将来要发生的动作,多用于主从复合句中。
I thught I shuld/wuld fail the exam, but I passed.
我原以为会考试不及格,但我通过了。
When I was a child, my father wuld read me stries befre bed.
我小时候,父亲常常在睡前给我读故事。
2. was/were abut t d…when…表示“正要……这时发生另一件事”。
I was abut t leave the huse when it started raining heavily.
我正要出门,这时突然下起了大雨。
He was abut t win the race when he tripped and fell.
他眼看就要赢得比赛了,这时突然绊倒了。
3. g, cme leave等动词的过去进行时表示将要发生的动作。
She was ging t the supermarket when I met her yesterday.
昨天我遇见她时,她正要去超市。
The train was leaving in five minutes, s we ran t the platfrm.
火车五分钟后就要开了,所以我们冲向站台。
4. was/were t d强调计划性,“将要做某事”。
The new law was t take effect n January 1st f that year.
新法律按计划于当年 1 月 1 日生效。
Little did he knw that this decisin was t change his life frever.
他当时不知道,这个决定注定将永远改变他的人生。
【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.It was hped that his health __________ (pick) up sn with the new treatment.
1.wuld pick
解析:考查时态。句意:人们希望在新疗法的作用下他的健康状况能尽快好转。空处为从句谓语动词,根据主句部分的时态和从句中的sn可知,此处应用过去将来时,表示从过去某一时间来看将来会发生的事。故填wuld pick。
2.I was abut __________ (thrw) everything away when my mther came in.
2.t thrw
解析:考查时态。句意:就在我要把所有东西都扔掉的时候,我母亲进来了。此处为句型be abut t d sth. when...,结合上文was abut可知为过去将来时。故填t thrw。
3.When he was __________ (pay) the bill in the restaurant, he suddenly realized that he had left his wallet in the car.
3.t pay
解析:考查时态。句意:当他在饭店正要结账时,他突然意识到他把钱包落在车里了。was/were t d 表示过去将来时,含义为正要做某事。根据句意“正要结账”,可知本句应用was t d 表示过去将来时。故填t pay。
4.Yu prmised that yu __________ (take) care f everything while I was away, but lk at the mess nw!
4.wuld take
解析:考查过去将来时。句意:你答应过我不在的时候你会照顾好一切,可你看看现在这一团糟。主句是一般过去时,从句表示将来,应用过去将来时。故填wuld take。
5.As he prudly signed his name at the bttm f the page, Beethven tried t imagine hw peple __________ (respnd) when they heard it fr the first time.
5.wuld respnd
解析:考查时态。句意:当贝多芬自豪地在页面底部签名时,他试图想象人们第一次听到这个名字时会有什么反应。分析句子可知,这里考查谓语动词,主语peple与respnd为主动关系,再由tried t imagine可知,这里时态应用过去将来时,表示从过去的某一时间来看将来要发生的动作或呈现的状态。故填wuld respnd。
如何区分谓语和非谓语
理解:双无—一个句子无谓语,无连接词,所给动词应考虑填谓语。
双有—一个句子有谓语,且有连接词,所给动词应考虑填谓语。
有谓无连—一个句子有谓语,但是后边动词所在句子无连接词,考虑非谓语。
解释:句子谓语三种类型:单谓语、双谓语(A and B)或三谓语(A, B and C)
区分谓语和非谓语关键在于长难句分析:括号法-(从句)(非谓语)(介词短语)(名词短语)
示例:
单谓语:Ordinary sap can deal with bacteria effectively.
双谓语:Our hsts shared many f their experiences and recmmended wnderful places t visit.
三谓语:On Saturday afternn, Mrs. Green went t the market, bught sme bananas and visited her cusin.
谓语和非谓语实战训练:
1. The guide ________ (lead) the way, we had n truble getting ut f the frest.
2. The guide ________ (lead) the way, s we had n truble getting ut f the frest.
3. ________ (call) me tmrrw and I’ll let yu knw the lab result.
4. ________ (call) me tmrrw, I’ll let yu knw the lab result.
5. He vlunteered t help cntrl traffic, ________ (dnate) an hur f his time every week.
6. He vlunteered t help cntrl traffic, and ______ (dnate) an hur f his time every week.
7.There ______ n bus, we had t walk hme.
8.There ______ n bus and we had t walk hme.
9. Jim was listening attentively t the lecture, and all his attentin ________ (fix) n it.
10. Jim was listening attentively t the lecture, all his attentin ________ (fix) n it.
【参考答案】
1.leading 2.led 3.Call 4.Calling 5.dnating 6.dnated 7.being 8.was 9.was fixed 10.fixed
动词时态语态(2)综合能力提升
一、单项填空(高考真题)
1.(2025北京卷)Making chices is part f life. By the time yu brushed yur teeth, yu __________ (make) several decisins even withut nticing.
1. had made
解析:考查动词时态。句意:当你刷牙的时候,你甚至在不知不觉中已经做了好几个决定。根据时间状语“By the time yu brushed yur teeth”可知,此处表示在过去某一时间点之前已经完成的动作,时态应用过去完成时,谓语用had made。故填had made。
2. (2024九省联考卷)Funtain pens __________ (use) in schls lng ag and have been regaining ppularity lately because they are refillable.
2. were used
解析:考查动词时态和语态。句意:钢笔很久以前就在学校里使用了,最近又重新流行起来,因为它们可以重新填充。空格处作谓语,根据时间状语lng ag可知,应用一般过去时,主语Funtain pens和动词use之间是被动关系,应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填were used。
3.(2024新课标II卷)“Sme f the things that Tang was writing abut __________ (be) als Shakespeare’s cncerns. I happen t knw that Tang’s play The Peny Pavilin (《牡丹亭》) is similar in sme ways t Rme and Juliet.”
3. were
解析:考查时态和主谓一致。句意:“汤显祖所写的一些内容也是莎士比亚所关心的。我碰巧知道汤显祖的戏剧《牡丹亭》在某些方面与《罗密欧与朱丽叶》相似。”这里为本句谓语动词,根据句意以及定语从句时态可知,本句时态为一般过去时;主语为“sme f the things”,复数。故填were。
4.(2024新课标II卷)Tw years later, a six-meter-tall pavilin, inspired by The Peny Pavilin, __________ (build)at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk frm Shakespeare’s birthplace.
4. was built
解析:考查时态和语态。句意:两年后,一座六米高的亭子在菲斯花园落成,该花园距离莎士比亚故居仅十分钟步行路程,其灵感来自《牡丹亭》。这里为本句谓语动词,根据时间状语“Tw years later”可知,本句时态为一般过去时;主语为“a six-meter-tall pavilin”,单数,和动词“build”之间为被动关系,所以用被动语态。故填was built。
5.(2024全国甲卷)They 64 (be) part f a 15-member explring party that had spent almst five awesme weeks in witness f the natural beauties there.
5. were
解析:考查时态。句意:他们是一个由15人组成的探险队的一部分,他们花了近五个星期的时间来见证那里的自然美景。本空前They指代上文提及的四个男人,时间为1870年,同时联系后文had spent的过去完成时可知,本空时态为过去式且为复数形式,故填were。
6.(2024浙江1月卷)Hwever, thugh it’s nice t get a few cents ff a pack f sausages, it wuld help even mre if they culd smetimes __________ (ffer) in smaller packs.
6. be ffered
解析:考查含有情态动词的被动语态。句意:然而,虽然一包香肠能便宜几美分是件好事,但如果有时能以小包装出售,那就更好了。动词ffer意为“提供”,和主语构成被动关系,主语they代指前文中的sausages。在情态动词culd后动词应用原形。故填be ffered。
7.(2023新课标II卷)As a little girl, I _________ (wish) t be a zkeeper when I grew up.
7. wished
解析:考查动词时态。句意:作为一个小女孩,我希望长大后成为一名动物园管理员。分析句子结构可知,本句缺少谓语动词,所以wish作本句谓语,和主语I之间是主动关系,根据后文的grew可知用一般过去时。故填wished。
8.(2023全国乙卷)Having visited several times ver the last 10 years, I _________ (amaze) by the c-existence f ld and new, and hw a city was able t keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while cnstantly grwing.
8. was amazed
解析:考查时态和语态。句意:在过去的10年里,我多次访问北京,我惊讶于这里的新旧共存,惊讶于一个城市如何在不断发展的同时保持如此丰富的文化遗产。这里为本句谓语动词,根据下文“hw a city was able t keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while cnstantly grwing.”可知,本句用一般过去时;主语I和动词amaze之间为被动关系,所以用被动语态。故填was amazed。
9.(2023北京卷)Sn after mving t Switzerland, I _________ (thrw) a huse-warming party and was greatly surprised when all 30 guests shwed up exactly n time.
9. threw
解析:考查动词时态。句意:搬到瑞士后不久,我要举办一个乔迁派对,当所有30位客人都准时出现时,我感到非常惊讶。根据后文and was greatly surprised when all 30 guests shwed up可知,句子陈述过去发生的事情,应用一般过去时。故填threw。
10.(2023北京卷)Years later, having mved t France. I turned up at the appinted hur fr a dinner, nly t find that n ther guest _________ (arrive) and my hstess was still in her sleeping suit.
10. had arrived
解析:考查动词时态。句意:多年以后,搬到法国后,我在约定的时间赴宴,却发现没有其他客人到场,女主人还穿着睡衣。此处表示的动作发生在主句动词turned up之前,属于“过去的过去”,应用过去完成时。故填had arrived。
11.(2022新课标I卷)The plan will extend prtectin t a significant number f areas that __________ (be) previusly unprtected, bringing many f the existing prtected areas fr giant pandas under ne authrity t increase effectiveness and reduce incnsistencies in management.
11.were
解析:考查时态和主谓一致。句意:该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区,将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构,以提高效率,减少管理上的不一致性。设空处在that引导的限制性定语从句中作谓语,先行词为a significant number f areas,先行词在从句中作主语,根据“previusly (之前地)”可知从句的时态应为一般过去时,根据主谓一致,从句主语复数,从句谓语复数形式。故填were。
12.(2022新课标II卷)Henry _________ (fix) his car when he heard the screams. He lked up and saw Eric hanging frm the balcny.
12. was fixing
解析:句意:听到尖叫声时,亨利正在修车。根据句子结构,设空处应该填写谓语动词。根据空后的when he heard the screams,可知,这是“was/were ding…when…”句型,设空处的动作是正在发生的,同时该句描述的是过去的事实。故使用过去进行时。fix为动词,意为“修理”,其过去进行时为was fixing。故填was fixing。
13.(2021新课标I卷)What cmes next is the endless series f steps. Yu can’t help wndering hw hard it _________ (be) fr the peple then t put all thse rcks int place.
13. was
解析:考查主谓一致和时态。主语是第三人称单数it,时间状语是then,所以用was。
14.(2021全国甲卷)The Xi'an City Wall is the mst cmplete city wall that has survived China's lng histry. It _________ (build) riginally t prtect the city in the Tang dynasty and has nw been cmpletely restred (修复).
14. was built
解析:句意:它最初是为了保护唐代的城市而建造的,现在已经完全修复了。分析句子可知,空格处为谓语,动词build和主语之间是被动关系,应用被动语态(be dne),根据句意和时间状语the Tang dynasty可知,用一般过去时,谓语动词用过去式,主语it为第三人称单数,主谓一致,故填was built。
15.(2021浙江卷)After Lincln was elected President f the US in 1861, they rented the huse and _________ (sell) mst f their furniture.
15. sld
解析:考查动词。句意:1861年林肯当选美国总统后,他们租了房子,卖掉了大部分家具。分析句子成分可知,设空处和前面的动词rented一起做并列谓语;根据时间状语1861可知,此处用一般过去时态,提示词sell的过去式形式是sld。故填sld。
16.(2021新课标II卷)I kept ging. Whenever I heard f businesses using plastic, I'd send an email. One f the biggest cmpanies I wrte t _________ (be) Alaska Airlines Paris.
16. was
解析:考查时态和主谓一致。句意:我给写信的最大的公司之一是巴黎阿拉斯加航空公司。 根据定语从句的谓语动词“wrte” 可知这里描述发生在过去的事情,用一般过去时;ne f + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数结构中,谓语动词用单数,所以填was。
17.(2021全国甲卷)We _________ (hire) ur bikes frm the rental place at the Suth Gate. My bike was ld and shaky but did the jb.
17. hired
解析:考查动词时态。句意:我们从南门的租赁处租了自行车。分析句子可知,此处为谓语动词,根据上下文可知,此处描述过去发生的事情,用一般过去时,谓语动词用过去式。故填hired。
18.(2020新课标)The 80,000 bjects cllected by Sir Hans Slane, fr example, _________ (frm) the cre cllectin f the British Museum that pened in 1759.
18. frmed
解析:考查动词时态。句意:例如,汉斯•斯隆爵士的8万件藏品构成了1759年开馆的大英博物馆的核心藏品。此处是谓语动词,根据时间状语in1759可知,应使用一般过去时。故填frmed。
19. (2020全国I卷)The unmanned Chang’e-4 prbe (探测器) - the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese mn gddess _________ (tuch) dwn last week in the Suth Ple-Aitken basin.
19. tuched
解析:考查动词时态及语态。句意:无人月球探测器嫦娥四号——名字的灵感来源于古代的中国月亮女神——上周在南极艾特肯盆地着陆。此处是句子的谓语,根据时间状语last week可知应使用一般过去时,故填tuched。
20.(2020全国III卷)The artist was sure he wuld _________ (chse), but when he presented his masterpiece t the emperr’s chief minister, the ld man laughed.
20. be chsen
解析:考查动词时态及语态。句意:画家确信他会被选中,但是当他把他的杰作送给皇帝的宰相时,这位老人笑了。本句中主语he与谓语动词chse构成被动关系,且wuld后跟动词原形。故填be chsen。
二、动词时态语态助力读后续写
1. (2024课标I卷) 令我欣慰的是,他第二天回了电话,我们约好很快见面。
_________________________________________________________________________________
2. (2024课标I卷) 我又向他露出抱歉的微笑,恳求他延期付款。
_________________________________________________________________________________
3. (2024课标I卷) 我坚定地和他握手,然后跳下车,疯狂地向公共汽车跑去,跳上了公共汽车。
_________________________________________________________________________________
4. (2024课标I卷) 我告诉他,多亏了他的慷慨和及时的帮助,一切都很顺利。
_________________________________________________________________________________
5. (2024课标I卷) 我还送给他一件我在布拉格买的很有吸引力的纪念品,他欣然接受了。
_________________________________________________________________________________
6. (2024浙江1月卷) 老师注意到了她的努力,称赞了她的创新思维。
_________________________________________________________________________________
7. (2024浙江1月卷) 她每走一步,都给那些追随她的人留下了灵感的遗产。
_________________________________________________________________________________
8. (2023课标I卷) 当我被邀请上台领奖时,我对我的老师表示感谢。
_________________________________________________________________________________
9. (2023课标I卷) 颁奖典礼结束后,我去了老师的办公室。我的老师在等我。
_________________________________________________________________________________
10. (2023浙江1月卷) 当我爬上车开车离开时,我知道我会永远珍惜我们共同的回忆。
_________________________________________________________________________________
【参考答案】
1. T my relief, he called back the next day, and we agreed t get tgether sn.
2. Flashing him anther aplgetic smile, I begged him fr a delayed payment.
3. Giving him a firm handshake, I jumped ut f the car, made a mad run fr the bus, and jumped nt it.
4. I tld him that thanks t his genersity and timely help, everything had gne smthly.
5. I als gave him an attractive suvenir I had bught at Prague, which he accepted with delight.
6. Her effrts were nticed by the teacher, wh praised her innvative thinking.
7. And with each step she tk, she left behind a legacy f inspiratin fr thse wh fllwed in her ftsteps.
8. When I was invited t the stage t receive the award, I expressed my thanks t my teacher.
9. I went t my teacher’s ffice after the award presentatin. My teacher was waiting fr me.
10. I knew that I wuld always cherish the memries we shared as I climbed int my car and drve away.
三、过去时态与语法填空
(2025高二·全国·专题练习)阅读短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The China Railway Express, 1 majr internatinal freight (货运) train service, runs acrss China, Eurpe, and Belt and Rad Initiative (BRI) partner cuntries, ffering new 2 (pssibility) fr cperative and sustainable trade. 3 (praise) by the internatinal cmmunity, the transprtatin service, 4 nt nly regenerates the prsperity f the ancient Silk Rad but als enhances peple’s livelihds, serves as a vital public gd 5 (prmte) win-win cperatin and ecnmic vitality acrss Eurasia and beynd.
After a decade f grundbreaking and innvative effrts, the remarkable BRI prject, which cnnects 120 cities in China 6 219 cities acrss 25 Eurpean cuntries, 7 (cmplete) ver 85,000 trips by the end f February, 2024, accrding t China Railway Grup Limited (CREC).
In the January-February perid f 2024, 8 (near) 3,000 trips were registered between the cntinents as CREC pened new rutes linking Xi'an, Chngqing and Yiwu in China t Tbilisi in Gergia, Baku in Azerbaijan and Istanbul in Türkiye, dispatching (发送) a ttal f 18 trains alng the rutes.
The freight train service accmplished a ttal f 2, 928 trips t deliver 317,000 cntainers f gds in the first tw mnths f 2024, 9 (mark) a year-n-year increase f 9 percent in trips 10 (frequent) and 10 percent in carg vlume.
【答案】1.a 2.pssibilities 3.Praised 4.which 5.t prmte 6.with 7.had cmpleted 8.nearly 9.marking 10.frequency
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了跨越中国、欧洲及“一带一路”倡议合作伙伴国家之间的国际货运火车服务——中欧班列。
1.考查冠词。句意:中欧班列作为一项主要的国际货运火车服务,跨越中国、欧洲以及“一带一路”倡议的合作伙伴国家,为合作与可持续贸易提供了新的可能性。此处表示泛指“一项主要的国际货运火车服务”,应用不定冠词,且majr为辅音音素开头的单词,故应用a。故填a。
2.考查名词的数。句意:中欧班列作为一项主要的国际货运火车服务,跨越中国、欧洲以及“一带一路”倡议的合作伙伴国家,为合作与可持续贸易提供了新的可能性。设空处使用名词作宾语,pssibility为可数名词,此处表示复数意义,故使用复数形式。故填pssibilities。
3.考查非谓语动词。句意:该运输服务受到国际社会的赞誉,它不仅重现了古代丝绸之路的繁荣,还改善了民生,成为促进欧亚大陆及其他地区双赢合作与经济活力的重要公共产品。句中serves为谓语动词,praise在句中应用非谓语动词形式,与逻辑主语the transprtatin service构成被动关系,故应用过去分词作状语。句首单词首字母要大写。故填Praised。
4.考查定语从句。句意:该运输服务受到国际社会的赞誉,它不仅重现了古代丝绸之路的繁荣,还改善了民生,成为促进欧亚大陆及其他地区双赢合作与经济活力的重要公共产品。此空引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词the transprtatin service,先行词在从句中作主语,指物,应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
5.考查非谓语动词。句意:该运输服务受到国际社会的赞誉,它不仅重现了古代丝绸之路的繁荣,还改善了民生,成为促进欧亚大陆及其他地区双赢合作与经济活力的重要公共产品。修饰a vital public gd,表示该公共产品的目的或功能,应用不定式作后置定语。故填t prmte。
6.考查介词。句意:据中国铁路工程集团有限公司(CREC)介绍,经过十年的开创性和创新性努力,这一非凡的“一带一路”项目连接了中国120个城市和25个欧洲国家的219个城市,截至2024年2月底,已完成85000多次行程。结合句意,表示“连接……和……”可知,用固定搭配“cnnect…with…”。故填with。
7.考查动词时态。句意:据中国铁路工程集团有限公司(CREC)介绍,经过十年的开创性和创新性努力,这一非凡的“一带一路”项目连接了中国120个城市和25个欧洲国家的219个城市,截至2024年2月底,已完成85000多次行程。根据后文“by the end f February, 2024”可知,表示到过去某一时间已经发生或完成了的动作,即“过去的过去”,应用过去完成时。故填had cmpleted。
8.考查副词。句意:2024年1月至2月期间,随着CREC开通连接中国西安、重庆和义乌至格鲁吉亚第比利斯、阿塞拜疆巴库和土耳其伊斯坦布尔的新线路,两大洲之间注册了近3000次行程,沿途共发送了18列火车。修饰后文“3,000 trips”应用副词nearly“将近,差不多”,作状语。故填nearly。
9.考查非谓语动词。句意:2024年前两个月,该货运列车服务共完成2928次行程,运送317000个集装箱货物,行程次数同比增长9%,货运量同比增长10%。accmplished为谓语动词,设空处应用非谓语动词形式,上文陈述内容与动词mark之间为逻辑上的主谓关系,此处应用现在分词作结果状语,表示自然而然的结果。故填marking。
10.考查名词。句意:2024年前两个月,该货运列车服务共完成2928次行程,运送317000个集装箱货物,行程次数同比增长9%,货运量同比增长10%。设空处应用frequent的名词frequency,作介词宾语。故填frequency。
(24-25高一下·山西太原·期末)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In recent years, medicinal herbal tea drinks have becme increasingly ppular in the health market. Many hspitals nw use these drinks 11 an effective treatment fr minr health issues, frm calming nerves and imprving sleep t 12 (prmte) hair grwth. Sme Chinese hspitals even adjust their herbal tea frmulas(配方) accrding t 13 (seasn). Fr example, in summer the drinks ften fcus n cling the bdy, while in winter they aim t relieve thrat discmfrt.
14 (base) n Chinese medicine frmulas, the drinks cmbine mdern 15 (cnvenient)with ancient medicinal wisdm. “I can prepare the tea by 16 (simple) biling the dried herbs. It’s a perfect replacement fr milk tea.” Gu Xiafan shared, 17 recently used the nline service f a traditinal Chinese medicine hspital and 18 (ffer) herbal tea.
This ppularity f the herbal drinks is als reflected in rising sales at traditinal herb shps, including the well-knwn Beijing Tng Ren Tang. 19 grwing number f health-cnscius cnsumers have develped a strng interest in such tea drinks.
Hwever, experts remind the public herbal tea drinks are still a frm f medicine. Therefre, 20 (ensure) safety, cnsumers shuld btain prper prescriptins(处方) befre use.
【答案】11.as 12.prmting 13.seasns 14.Based 15.cnvenience 16.simply 17.wh 18.was ffered 19.A 20.t ensure
【导语】这是一篇说明文,文章主要介绍了近年来草药茶在健康市场的流行趋势情况以及专家们的建议。
11.考查介词。句意:如今,许多医院都将这些饮品用作治疗轻微健康问题的有效手段,其功效涵盖缓解紧张情绪、改善睡眠以及促进头发生长等方面。由句意此处应填介词as,意为“作为一种有效治疗的手段”,故填as。
12.考查非谓语动词。句意:如今,许多医院都将这些饮品用作治疗轻微健康问题的有效手段,其功效涵盖缓解紧张情绪、改善睡眠以及促进头发生长等方面。由句意及空前的frm calming nerves and imprving sleep t可知应填动名词形式,意为“从……到……”,t为介词,其后接需动名词形式,作宾语,故填prmting。
13.考查名词单复数。句意:一些中国医院还会根据季节对他们的草药茶配方进行调整。根据上下文可知应填复数形式seasns(强调不同季节),故填seasns。
14.考查非谓语动词。句意:这些饮品基于中医配方,既具备现代的便利性,又融合了古老的药用智慧。空处应填非谓语动词,be based n意为“依据;依赖”,此处为过去分词短语作状语且空处位于句首,首字母需大写,故填Based。
15.考查名词。句意:这些饮品基于中医配方,既具备了现代的便利性,又融合了古老的药用智慧。由句意及空前的cmnbine mdern可知应填名词形式cnvenience,作宾语,且为不可数名词,故填cnvenience。
16.考查副词。句意:我只需将干燥的草药放入锅中煮沸,就能泡好茶了。由句意此处应填副词形式simply,作状语,修饰biling,故填simply。
17.考查非限制性定语从句。句意:“这简直就是奶茶的完美替代品啊。”郭晓凡说道。她最近使用了一家中医医院的在线服务,并得到了一份草药茶。此处为非限制性定语从句,先行词为Gu Xiafan,指人,从句缺少主语,应用关系代词wh,故填wh。
18.考查动词时态语态。句意:“这简直就是奶茶的完美替代品啊。”郭晓凡说道。她最近使用了一家中医医院的在线服务,并得到了一份草药茶。空处应填定语从句的谓语动词,与used并列,动作发生在过去且主语wh与ffer之间为被动关系,应用一般过去时的被动语态,故填was ffered。
19.考查不定冠词。句意:越来越多注重健康的消费者对这类茶饮料产生了浓厚的兴趣。a grwing number f意为“越来越多的”,固定搭配,空处位于句首,故填A。
20.考查不定式。句意:因此,为了确保安全,消费者在使用前应获取相应的处方。由句意,此处应填不定式形式,作目的状语,故填t ensure。
相关学案
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