主从复合句（讲义）-2026中考英语一轮总复习讲通练透（全国通用）

这是一份主从复合句（讲义）-2026中考英语一轮总复习讲通练透（全国通用），共10页。试卷主要包含了宾语从句，宾语从句的引导词，宾语从句的语序，宾语从句的时态，宾语从句的否定转移等内容，欢迎下载使用。

第一部分、宾语从句
考点：宾语从句的用法
1、宾语从句：就是从句在整个句子中充当宾语的复合句式等。
2、宾语从句的引导词：
3、宾语从句的语序
由 whether/ if 和特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句要用陈述语序，原来的倒装语序改成陈述语序时注意相应的助动词和动词的变化等。
例句：Where des yur father wrk? Can yu tell us? →Can yu tell us where yur father wrks?
你能告诉我们你爸爸在哪里工作吗？
例句：Did yu get hme very late? He asked me. →He asked me if I gt hme very late.
他问我是否到家很晚。
4、宾语从句的时态
5、宾语从句的否定转移
主句如果是 I think/ believe/ imagine/ suppse/ guess/ expect 等，从句的否定一般要转移到主 句中，其反意疑问句与从句一致。例例句：
例句：I dn’t think they’ll wait t the last minute ，will they？
我认为他们不会等到最后一分钟，他们会吗？
例句：I dn’t believe he did this, did he?
我相信他不会做这样的事，他会吗？
【基础练习】
一、单项选择
1．— D yu think Jack can get gd marks?
— I never dubt ________ he will win the race.
A．ifB．thatC．hwD．whether
2．—I beg yur pardn, I didn’t catch yu.
—I just asked _____________.
A．that yu enjyed yur birthday party last nightB．where d yur classmates buy the birthday gifts
C．if yu invited yur classmates t yur birthday partyD．whether yu like the birthday gifts frm yur classmates
3．—D yu knw ________ we’ll get there at 3:00 this afternn?
—I’m afraid we’ll be late.
A．thatB．hwC．whyD．if
4．— Culd yu tell me ________? I’m ging t pick yu up at the airprt.
—At five frty-five this Friday.
A．where yu met meB．wh yu are cming withC．what time yu are arriving
5．—Culd yu please tell me ________?
—The Wright Brthers.
A．when the plane was invented
B．wh the plane was invented by
C．hw the plane was invented
6．—Culd yu tell me ________?
—G alng the street and turn left at the secnd crssing.
A．which is the way t the library
B．hw can I get t the library
C．where I culd buy sme stamps
7．Alice culdn’t find ut ________, s she handed it t the teacher.
A．whse bk was itB．wh’s the bkC．whse bk may itD．whse bk it was
8．Yu can eat ________ yu like. Help yurself.
A．whateverB．whenC．hwever
9．—D yu knw _________ the bkstre clses tday? I need t buy a dictinary.
—I’m nt sure if it clses at 6 p.m., but yu’d better g quickly.
A．whatB．whenC．whereD．why
10．— I’m lking frward t China’s 15th Natinal Games. D yu knw ________?
— Yes, in Guangzhu, Hng Kng and Maca.
A．when will it be heldB．when it will be heldC．where will it be heldD．where it will be held
11．—In tday’s after-schl-service class, we talked abut ________.
—That’s a gd tpic fr teenagers’ mental (心理) health.
A．hw we culd keep a gd feelingB．hw we can get better grades
C．hw can we manage ur timeD．hw culd we be helpful
12．—Fina planned t jin ur dance club. D yu knw ________?
—Maybe she didn’t have enugh time fr it.
A．why she suddenly changes her mind
B．why did she suddenly change her mind
C．why she suddenly changed her mind
13．David will d _________ his mther asks him.
A．hweverB．whateverC．whever
14．Father’s Day is cming. I’m thinking abut ________.
A．what present I gave himB．hw I will give him a surprise
C．if I planned a party fr himD．where we had a big meal
15．—What did yu learn in physics class?
—The teacher tld us the light ________ faster than the sund.
A．travellingB．travelledC．travelD．travels
16．—Lily didn’t appear at the schl party yesterday. D yu knw ________?
—Oh, she had a bad cld.
A．What was wrng with herB．what wrng she was
C．what she happenedD．what happened she was
17．I ________ t interrupt thers while they are talking.
A．think it is nt pliteB．dn’t think it is plite
C．think it’s pliteD．dn’t think it’s nt plite
第二部分、定语从句
考点：定语从句的定义和用法
初中定语从句核心：用句子修饰名词/代词，本质是“加长版的形容词”，分两类核心考点。
The wman wh（lives next dr is a teacher. ）
先行词 连接词 定语从句
2、基本结构：先行词+引导词+定语从句
（1） 先行词：放在引导词前面被从句修饰的名词/代词（比例句：the bk, the girl）。
（2）关系词：连接主句和从句的词，分两类：
关系代词：在从句中作主语/宾语（wh, whm, which, that, whse）
关系副词：在从句中作状语（when时间, where地点, why原因）
（3）定语从句：紧跟先行词，用关系词引导的句子。
3、核心关系词用法
考点：定语从句易错点

1. 关系词“that/which/wh”混淆
错误：先行词既有人又有物时，误用which/wh
正解：必须用that（唯一选项）
例句：The teacher and her class that I visited were great.（√）
2. 介词提前时的关系词错误
错误：介词在关系词前，用了that/wh
正解：只能用“介词+whm（人）/which（物）”，且不可省
例句：The pen with which I write is new.（√）；The pen with that I write is new.（×）
3. “关系代词省略”的过度使用
错误：关系词作主语时，误省略that/which/wh
正解：关系词作主语时绝对不能省，作宾语时才可以省
例句：The girl wh sings well is Lucy.（wh不可省，作主语）；The bk (that) I read is fun.（that可省，作宾语）
4. “where”和“which”的误用
错误：看到“地点”就用where，忽略从句是否缺宾语
正解：从句缺宾语用which，不缺宾语用where
例句：This is the city which we visited.（缺宾语，visited后没名词）；This is the city where we lived.（不缺宾语，lived后有in的含义）
5. whse的所属关系混淆
错误：表“物的所属”时，不会用whse或f which
正解：whse可代人/物，=“f which（物）/f whm（人）”
例句：The huse whse windw is brken = The huse f which the windw is brken.（√）
【随堂练习】
一、单项选择
1．Tmmy said he was the nly persn ________ I culd trust in this twn.
A．whichB．thatC．whseD．hw
2．—Have yu heard f the mst beautiful place ________ he visited last winter?
—Yes, it is the beautiful place in ________ Lu Xun was brn.
A．/, whichB．that, thatC．which, /
3．This is the place ________ he ften mentined, but I have n ________ abut it.
A．/; senseB．which; ideaC．where; humurD．that; dubt
4．The yung man __________ is leaving fr Japan next Saturday.
A．the girl is talking t himB．wh the girl is talking t
C．which the girl is talking tD．wh the girl is talking
5．Success always belngs t thse ________ try their best t make their dream cme true.
A．whseB．whmC．wh
6．That’s the new instrument ________ parts are t small t be seen.
A．thatB．whichC．whse
7．D yu knw the year ________ the Chinese Cmmunist Party was funded?
A．whichB．thatC．whenD．n which
8．The famus actr invited the jurnalist t the small theater ________ his career began. There, he shared the way ________ he imprved his acting skills.
A．where; whereB．which; whereC．where; /D．which: /
9．Shanghai is experiencing anther extreme heatwave, ________ has becme mre frequent in recent years due t climate change.
A．thatB．whichC．whD．when
10．_______, different cultures have different ways f celebrating festivals.
A．It is knwn thatB．As is knwn t allC．What is knwnD．Which is knwn that
11．In the USA, cnversatin is less lively than in many ther cultures, ____ everyne talks at the same time.
A．whichB．thatC．whereD．what
12．Yur supprt is imprtant t ur wrk. ________ yu can d helps.
A．HweverB．WheverC．Whatever
第三部分、状语从句
考点：状语从句的定义和用法
1、状语从句：状语从句是句子的状语由一个从句充当，它可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语和整个句子。状语从句都由从属连词引导，与主句连接，放在句末时，一般不在前面加逗号。
2、状语从句的分类
（1）时间状语从句: 引导连词有 when，while，till，nt …until，since，after ,befre ,as sn as。
例句：I was reading when the phne rang.（电话响时，我正在看书。）
（2）地点状语从句：地点状语从句通常由 where, wherever 引导。
例句：Wherever yu g, I will be right here waiting fr yu.
不管你去哪里，我都会在这等你。
（3）原因状语从句： 原因状语从句：表“为什么”，引导词：because、since，as,fr。
例句：She cried because she lst her ty.她哭了，因为她丢了她的玩具。
注意：because 语势最强，用来说明人所不知的原因，回答why 提出的问题。当原因是显而易见的或已为人们所知，就用 as或 since。
例句：I didn't g, because I was afraid. 我没有去因为我害怕。
Since /As the weather is s bad, we have t delay ur jurney.因为天气不好，我们得推迟我们的旅行。
注意：由 because引导的从句如果放在句末，且前面有逗号，则可以用fr 来代替。但如果不是说明直接原因，而是多种情况加以推断，就只能用 fr。
例句：He is absent tday, because / fr he is ill. 他今天没来，因为他病了。
He must be ill, fr he is absent tday. 他一定是病，因为他今天没来。
注意：because 不能和 s 连用。
（4）目的状语从句：表“为了”，引导词：s that（为了，常接can/culd）。
例句：She studies hard s that she can pass the exam.
（5）结果状语从句：结果状语从句：表“所以”，引导词：s…that（如此…以至于）、such…that。
例句：He is s tall that he can reach the shelf.
（6）让步状语从句：引导连词有 thugh ，althugh; even thugh/if; whatever; hwever
例句：Thugh it’s cld, he still wears a T-shirt. 注意：althugh ，thugh 不能和 but 连用。
（7）比较(方式)状语从句：以 than 为引导连词。常见连词(as) …as.., …than…; the … , the …
例句：Jim is lder than Lily(is). 吉姆比莉莉年长。
Skiing is mre exciting than running. 滑雪比跑步更刺激。
The mre yu practice, the mre knwledge yu will get. 你练习越多，得到知识越多。
注意：than 引导的比较状语从句中的谓语常省略。
（8）条件状语从句：条件状语从句：表“如果”，引导词：if（如果）、unless（除非=if nt）。
规则：主句将来时，从句用一般现在时（主将从现）。
【基础练习】
一、单项选择
1．—Please tell him the news.
—OK. I’ll tell him ________ I see him.
A．as sn asB．sinceC．becauseD．befre
2．Mr Green was talking n the phne ________ I arrived at his ffice.
A．whileB．whenC．as sn asD．befre
3．My dad was cking in the kitchen ________ my mum was cleaning the huse.
A．becauseB．whileC．untilD．but
4．________ Helen’s knwledge and vcabulary increased, she asked mre and mre questins.
A．UnlessB．WhileC．AsD．Befre
5．He has been quite different ________ he achieved his dream in 2024.
A．whenB．sinceC．s thatD．after
6．Please make sure t clse the windws ________ yu leave the classrm.
A．untilB．becauseC．befreD．if
7．We ________ able t sing this English sng perfectly after we practice it several times.
A．areB．wereC．will beD．have been
8．I didn’t realize the imprtance f health ________ I lst it.
A．whileB．untilC．whenD．if
9．By the time yu arrive in Lndn, we ________ in Eurpe fr tw weeks.
A．will stayB．will have stayedC．have stayedD．have been staying
10．________ yu finish yur hmewrk, yu can’t watch TV.
A．IfB．UnlessC．WhenD．Because
11．________ he is 38 years ld, he is still the best tennis player in the wrld.
A．WhenB．BecauseC．Thugh
12．WeChat Pay makes ur life cnvenient. We can buy things ________ we dn’t take any mney.
A．even ifB．s thatC．becauseD．unless
13．Try t help smene in need, ________ it’s lending a listening ear r ffering a praise.
A．becauseB．whetherC．thughD．unless
14．I want t be a vet ________ I lve pets.
A．butB．rC．because
15．There are n buses t the beach this time f day. ________ yu have a car, yu can drive it there at any time yu like.
A．SinceB．AfterC．UnlessD．S
16．The exam must be very difficult, ________ many students failed.
A．thughB．sC．frD．but
17．She studied very hard ________ she culd pass the exam with flying clrs.
A．in rder thatB．as lng asC．even thughD．nw that
18．Read the sentence. “As teenagers, we shuld learn English well s that we have the ability t tell Chinese stries t the wrld.” The underlined wrds “s that” are used t ________.
A．give a reasnB．give an exampleC．ffer sme adviceD．shw the purpse
引导词
用法
例句
易错点
That
从句表事实/陈述，that可省略
I think (that) she is right.（我认为她是对的。）
2. He tld me (that) he liked music.（他告诉我他喜欢音乐。）
动词（think/say/tell）后接陈述句，that省略不影响句意
一般疑问句→if/whether
从句表“是否”，if/whether可互换；whether可接r nt，if不可
She asks if/whether it will rain.（她问是否会下雨。）
2. D yu knw whether he will cme r nt?（你知道他是否会来吗？）
避免“ nt”，要用“ nt”
特殊疑问句→疑问词
用原疑问词（what/wh/where等）作引导词，不可省略
D yu knw what he bught?（你知道他买了什么吗？）
2. I dn’t knw where she lives..（我不知道她住在哪。）
疑问词在从句中需充当成分（主语/宾语/状语等）
分类
用法
例句
易错点
主句现→从句任意时
主句是一般现在时，从句根据实际语境选时态
She says she is reading nw.（现进行时）
2. He tells me he will g tmrrw.（一般将来时）
不受主句限制，看从句动作发生的时间
主句过→从句过时态
主句是一般过去时，从句用过去类时态（过现/过进/过将等）
1. He said he was a student.（一般过去时）2. She tld me she wuld cme sn.（过去将来时）
注意“will→wuld”“is→was”等时态转换
从句是客观真理→现单三
无论主句时态，从句用一般现在时
1. The teacher said the mn ges arund the earth.（月亮绕地球转）2. He tld us light travels fast.（光传播得快）
客观真理/科学事实永用一般现在时，不受主句过去时影响
分类
关系词
指代对象
从句中作用
例句
关系代词
wh
人（主格）
主语
The by wh is smiling is Tm.（微笑的男孩是汤姆）
whm
人（宾格）
宾语（可省）
The girl whm yu met is my sister.（你见的女孩是我姐）
which
物/事
主语/宾语
This is the pen which I lst.（这是我丢的笔）
that
人/物
主语/宾语（可省）
The bk that he gave me is fun.（他给我的书很有趣）
whse
人/物的“……的”
定语（表所属）
The girl whse hair is lng is Lucy.（长发女孩是露西）
关系副词
where
地点
地点状语
This is the park where we played.（这是我们玩过的公园）
when
时间
时间状语
This was the time when he arrived. 这是他到达的时间。
why
原因
原因状语
Nbdy knws the reasn why he is ften late fr schl.
没人知道他为什么上学总迟到。