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      动词(讲义)-2026中考英语一轮总复习讲通练透(全国通用)

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      动词(讲义)-2026中考英语一轮总复习讲通练透(全国通用)

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      这是一份动词(讲义)-2026中考英语一轮总复习讲通练透(全国通用),文件包含广东广州市2026届普通高中毕业班综合测试二数学试题解析版docx、广东广州市2026届高三毕业生二模数学试题docx、广州市二模答案docx等3份试卷配套教学资源,其中试卷共36页, 欢迎下载使用。

      第一部分、及物动词和不及物动词
      考点一:及物动词
      1、及物动词的概念:后面必须跟宾语意义才完整的实义动词,叫做及物动词,“动宾不分家”
      例句:She buys a bk.(buys 是及物动词,a bk 是宾语,句意完整。)
      及物动词的常见用法:
      (1)接名词/代词作宾语:He visited Beijing.(visited+名词Beijing)
      (2)接双宾语(间接宾语+直接宾语):She gave me a pen.(me间接宾语,a pen直接宾语)
      (3)接复合宾语(宾语+宾语补足语):We call her Lily.(her是宾语,Lily是宾语补足语)
      3、常见的及物动及例句:
      buy 例句:She buys a new schlbag every term.(她每学期买一个新书包。)
      give例句: My teacher gives me a lt f help.(我的老师给我很多帮助。)
      visit 例句:We will visit the museum tmrrw.(我们明天要参观博物馆。)
      call 例句:They call their dg Lucky.(他们叫他们的狗幸运。)
      teach 例句: Mr. Li teaches us English.(李老师教我们英语。)
      shw例句: Can yu shw me yur new phne?(你能给我看看你的新手机吗?)
      tell 例句: She tells me a funny stry every night.(她每晚给我讲一个有趣的故事。)
      make例句: My mm makes delicius cakes.(我妈妈做美味的蛋糕。)
      考点二:不及物动词
      概念:本身意义完整后面不须跟宾语的实义动词,叫做不及物动词。关键特征“独来独往”。单独表达含义完整,可以加宾语,也可以不加宾语。加宾语时,则需要加上相应的介词。
      例如:She smiled.(她笑了)。She lives in Shanghai.(加介词in,再接地点Shanghai)。
      常见短语:Listen t me.(听我说) laugh at...嘲笑... talk abut sth.谈论某事
      常见用法:
      (1)单独作谓语:The sun rises in the east.(太阳从东方升起。)
      (2)加介词后接名词(非宾语,是介词宾语):They arrived at the statin.(arrived+介词at+statin,不能说arrived the statin。)
      【随堂练习】单项选择
      1.—If we ________ her painting with his, yu will find hers is much better.
      —Yu are right.
      A.perfrmB.remindC.cmpareD.cver
      【答案】C
      2.They will ________ Shanghai in an hur.
      A.arrive atB.get inC.reach tD.reach
      【答案】D
      3.AI technlgy has wn high praise because it can ________ mre pprtunities t peple.
      A.fferB.prepareC.cstD.prtect
      【答案】A
      4.After the earthquake, the gvernment tried t ________ fd and fresh water t peple in need.
      A.fferB.imprveC.findD.prvide
      【答案】A
      5.Please knck at the dr befre ________ the teachers’ ffice.
      A.enterB.enter intC.enteringD.entering int
      【答案】C
      6.Students shuld pay attentin t ________ the teacher in class.
      A.listeningB.listening tC.listenD.listen t
      【答案】B
      7.Yu can ________ each ther, but yu cannt ________ each ther in class.
      A.help; chat withB.help with; chat with
      C.help; chatD.help with; chat
      【答案】A
      8.The price f the cttn has ______ a lt s that the factries plan t ________ the price f their cttn clthes.
      A.raised; raiseB.risen; raiseC.raised; rise
      【答案】B
      第二部分、系动词
      考点一:系动词的概念和分类
      系动词的定义:表示主语“是什么”或“怎么样”的词,不能单独做谓语,说明主语的身份,特征或状态,相当于桥梁。
      系动词的分类:
      表示“是”的动词be,be动词有:am/is/are/was/were
      例句:She is a student.她是个学生(表身份);The rm was clean.这个房间很干净(表状态)
      (2)感官系动词(看/听/闻/尝/摸):lk(看起来)、sund(听起来)、smell(闻起来)、taste(尝起来)、feel(摸起来/感觉)
      例句:The flwer smells nice.这个花闻起来很好。This shirt feels sft.这个衬衫摸起来很柔软。
      (3)状态变化系动词:becme(变得)、get(变得)、turn(变得,表颜色/性质)、keep(保持)
      例句:He becmes quiet.他变得很安静。The leaves turn yellw.树叶变黄了。
      【随堂练习】单词拼写
      1.Jack and Jim at schl.(用be的正确形式填空)
      【答案】are
      2.They drivers.(用be的正确形式填空)
      【答案】are
      3.She (v. 听起来好像;听起来) very cnfident when she presented her prject.
      【答案】sunded
      4.The flwers in the garden s (闻) sweet n warm afternns.
      【答案】(s)mell
      第三部分、助动词
      考点一:助动词的定义和用法
      1、助动词的定义:本身无实际意义,不能单独作谓语,需配合“实义动词/系动词”,帮助构成时态、语态、疑问/否定句。
      2、助动词的四大分类及用法:
      【基础演练】单项选择
      1.—________ yu have?
      —I have a new bike.
      A.What dB.Hw dC.What areD.Hw are
      【答案】A
      2.—Tim, what a big and happy family yu have! What ________ yur family like?
      —We ________ like travelling and we g travelling twice a year
      A.is; bthB.are; bthC.d; allD.des; all
      【答案】C
      3.—________ Tm in the Rbt Club this term?
      —Yes, but he ________ g there very ften.
      A.Des; desn’tB.Des; isn’tC.Is; desn’tD.Is; des
      【答案】C
      4.The chairpersn warned that we ________ achieve ur dreams if we didn’t wrk hard.
      A.willB.wn’tC.wuldD.wuldn’t
      【答案】D
      5.— _________ we g at 10:00?
      —What abut _________ it a little earlier?
      A.Shall; makingB.Shall; t makeC.Will; making
      【答案】A
      二、完成句子
      6.The girl has finished her hmewrk. (改为一般疑问句,并作否定回答)
      — the girl her hmewrk?
      —N, .
      【答案】 Has finished she hasn’t
      7.Mr. Lake lent his new camera t his best friend last weekend. (改为否定句)
      Mr. Lake his new camera t his best friend last weekend.
      【答案】 didn’t lend
      8.The scientists have just published their grundbreaking findings in a jurnal. (改为一般疑问句)
      the scientists published their grundbreaking findings in a jurnal ?
      【答案】 Have yet
      9.Linda’s father is washing her car nw. (改为否定句)
      Linda’s father her car nw.
      【答案】 isn’t washing
      第四部分、情态动词
      考点一:情态动词的特征和用法。
      1、情态动词的定义: 本身具有一定意义(表能力,许可,推测等)。不能单独作谓语,需要加动词原形,无人称和数的变化。无被动语态,疑问句和否定句中,不用助动词。
      2、高频情态动词的分类和用法:
      【基础练习】单项选择
      1.Rainfrests are the lungs f the earth. They ________ make the air fresher.
      A.canB.mustC.need
      【答案】A
      2.— Is that wman in the lab Ms Jnes?
      — N. It ________ be her. She has gne t the museum.
      A.can’tB.canC.mustn’t
      【答案】A
      3.—Culd yu make paper-cuts when yu were five years ld?
      —N, I ________. I learned it in primary schl.
      A.can’tB.culdn’tC.shuldn’t
      【答案】B
      4.—________ yu please sweep the flr nw?
      —Srry, I ________. I have t d my hmewrk.
      A.Shuld; can’tB.Culd; canC.Culd; can’tD.Can; culdn’t
      【答案】C
      5.My sister met him at the Grand Theatre yesterday, s he ______ yur lecture.
      A.culdn’t have attendedB.needn’t have attended
      C.mustn’t have attendedD.shuldn’t have attended
      【答案】A
      6.—________ I call yu this evening?
      —Sure. I ________ be free after 7 ’clck, s feel free t call me then.
      A.Must; mustB.Shuld; canC.May; canD.Need; shuld
      【答案】C
      7.Write dwn what yu see and hw yu feel during the trip, r yu ________ frget sme f them easily.
      A.mustB.canC.mayD.shuld
      【答案】C
      8.May all yur wishes _________ true.
      A.cmeB.cmesC.t cmeD.cming
      【答案】A
      9.—Where’s Jeff?
      —I’m nt sure. He ________ be playing basketball n the playgrund.
      A.needB.mightC.must
      【答案】B
      10.Yu ________ use mbile phnes during the exam. It’s against the rules.
      A.mustn’tB.needn’tC.culdn’tD.wuldn’t
      【答案】A
      11.—Culd yu tell me hw much yu make an hur?
      —If yu ________ knw, I make $20.00 an hur.
      A.willB.shallC.mustD.need
      【答案】C
      12.—Many peple prefer playing mbile phnes all day t ________ bks.
      —That’s t bad. Everyne ________ be a bk lver. Reading is mre enjyable.
      A.reading ; shuldB.playing; shuldC.play; must
      【答案】A
      13.—Why is Daniel s happy tday?
      —He ______ win the writing cmpetitin. Lk at the prize in his hand.
      A.mayB.canC.mustD.shuld
      【答案】C
      14.—Keep yur desk clean.
      —OK, ________. Thanks.
      A.I dB.I willC.I can
      【答案】B
      15.Yu ________ play ftball in the street. It’s dangerus.
      A.mustn’tB.needn’tC.wuldn’tD.culdn’t
      【答案】A
      16.—Wuld yu mind taking the undergrund t the theatre tnight?
      —________. It will take less time than by car.
      A.Of curse ntB.CertainlyC.Yu’re welcmeD.Yu’d better nt
      【答案】A
      17.Nwadays, peple in China ________ have t take t much cash with them when shpping because they ften use Alipay r WeChat pay.
      A.mustn’tB.needn’tC.shuldn’tD.dn’t
      【答案】D
      18.If yu have truble, yu ________ ask the plice fr help.
      A.ught tB.wuldC.must
      【答案】A
      二、单词拼写
      19.Can we a trip t America this mnth?
      【答案】affrd
      20.—Need I bring my histry textbk t class tmrrw? (情态动词填空)
      —Yes, yu . We’ll learn a new lessn.
      【答案】must
      21.Yu be careful when yu crss the rad.
      【答案】shuld/must
      22.The bk be Tm’s. Lk! His name is n it.
      【答案】must
      23.We shuld be quiet in the library, and we (shuld) eat fd there.
      【答案】shuldn’t
      24. yu play games with us? (用适当的情态动词填空)
      【答案】Can/Culd/Will
      第五部分、使役动词
      考点一:使役动词的用法和分类。
      核心定义:表“使、让、叫”,促使宾语做动作或处于某种状态,初中高频共4个:make, let, have, get,前三者为“直接使役”,get为“间接使役”(需借助介词/不定式)。
      使役动词的分类和用法:
      【基础练习】单项选择
      1.Dancing t music in a square makes peple ________ happy and gives them ________ fun.
      A.feel; muchB.t feel; manyC.feel; a ltD.t feel; lts f
      【答案】A
      2.That’s the bell. Let’s ________ t class.
      A.gB.t gC.ging
      【答案】A
      3.The experienced paper-cutting artist asked the beginners ________ carelessly and had them ________ every step slwly.
      A.nt cutting; t fllwB.nt cut; fllwing
      C.nt t cut; fllwD.nt t cut; t fllw
      【答案】C
      4.I’ll get my hair ________ tmrrw.
      A.t cutB.cutC.cuttingD.cuts
      【答案】B
      分类
      用法
      例句
      be动词
      构成进行时(be+ding)
      She is reading.(现在进行时)
      构成被动语态(be+dne)
      The letter was written.(过去被动语态)
      d/des/did
      构成一般现在/过去时的否定句(dn’t/desn’t/didn’t+动词原形)
      He desn’t like cffee.(否定句)
      构成一般疑问句(句首+D/Des/Did)
      Did yu g yesterday?(疑问句)
      have/has/had
      构成完成时(have/has+dne;had+dne)
      We have finished hmewrk.(现在完成时);They had left.(过去完成时)
      will/shall
      构成一般将来时(will/shall+动词原形,shall多用于第一人称I/we)
      He will cme tmrrw.;We shall start nw.
      分类
      含义
      用法
      例句
      can/culd
      能力、许可、请求、可能性
      表能力:意为 “能,会”,culd 是 can 的过去式,表过去的能力。
      I can speak English.(现在能力);He culd ride a bike at 5.(过去能力)
      表许可 / 请求:can 用于现在时,culd 语气更委婉(不表过去),回答时用 can/can't。
      Culd I brrw yur pen?(请求);Yu can g nw.(许可)
      表可能性:常用于否定句和疑问句,肯定句中表 “理论上的可能性”。
      It can't be true.(否定推测);Can he be at hme?(疑问推测)
      may / might
      许可、请求、推测(可能性比 can 低)。
      表许可 / 请求:may 语气比 can 更正式,might 更委婉,否定回答用can't或mustn't(表 “禁止”)。
      May I cme in? → Yes, yu may. / N, yu can't.
      表推测:常用于肯定句,意为 “可能,也许”,might 表推测时可能性比 may 更小。
      He may be late fr class.(现在推测);It might rain tmrrw.(将来推测)
      must / have t
      必须、义务、推测(肯定语气最强)。
      表 “必须”:must 强调说话人的主观意愿;have t 强调客观需要(有人称、时态变化)。
      Yu must finish yur hmewrk first.(主观要求);It's raining, I have t take an umbrella.(客观需要)
      表推测:仅用于肯定句,意为 “一定,肯定”,语气最强。
      He must be ill. He lks s pale.
      否定式区别:mustn't 意为 “禁止,不许”;dn't have t 意为 “不必”(= needn't)。
      Yu mustn't smke here.(禁止吸烟);Yu dn't have t cme early.(不必早来)
      need
      需要、必要。
      情态动词用法:仅用于否定句和疑问句,后接动词原形,否定式为needn't(不必)。
      例:Need I hand in the paper tday? → N, yu needn't.
      实义动词用法:可用于肯定句、否定句和疑问句,后接t d,否定式为dn't/desn't need t d。
      例:I need t buy a new bk.(肯定句);He desn't need t wait fr me.(否定句)
      shuld / ught t
      应该、建议、责任义务。
      表建议或义务:shuld 语气较委婉,ught t 语气稍强,两者含义相近,ught t 后需接t d。
      例:Yu shuld listen t yur parents.;We ught t help each ther.
      表推测:意为 “应该会,想必”,指有依据的合理推测。
      例:They shuld be hme by nw.(按常理推测他们该到家了)
      分类
      含义
      常用结构
      注意点
      例句
      make
      使;迫使(语气强,带“强制”
      make + 宾 + 动词原形(让某人做) 2. make + 宾 + 形容词(使某人/物处于某种状态)
      被动语态需加t(be made t d)
      She makes me laugh.(让我笑)
      2. The stry makes her sad.(让她难过) 被动:I am made t laugh.
      let
      让;允许(语气弱,表“许可”)
      let + 宾 + 动词原形(允许某人做)
      1. 无被动语态 2. 不可接“宾+形容词”
      My dad lets me play games.(允许我玩游戏)
      错误用法:Let it clean.(应用make it clean)
      have
      使;让(语气中性,日常口语)
      1. have + 宾 + 动词原形(让某人做,主语可参与) 2. have + 宾 + 过去分词(让某事被做,主语不亲自做)
      无被动语态,“被做”用过去分词
      I have him help me.(让他帮我)
      2. She has her hair cut.(让头发被剪=剪头发)
      get
      使;说服(间接使役,表“设法让”,需借助t/过去分词)
      1. get + 宾 + t + 动词原形(说服某人做,比have委婉) 2. get + 宾 + 过去分词(让某事被做,强调“设法完成”)
      不可直接接动词原形,必须加t
      1. I get her t help me.(说服她帮我) 2. He gets his bike repaired.(让自行车被修=修自行车)

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