专题 1 语法突破（广州专用）沪教牛津版八年级下册英语期中专题练习

这是一份专题 1 语法突破（广州专用）沪教牛津版八年级下册英语期中专题练习，共25页。试卷主要包含了 现在完成时基本结构， Mr等内容，欢迎下载使用。
1：现在完成时
核心考点：1. 现在完成时基本结构（have/has + 过去分词）；2. 时间标志词（fr/since/already/yet/ever/never）；3. 短暂性动词与延续性动词转换（重点：buy→have、begin→be n、brrw→keep、leave→be away等）。
练习：
1. — Hw lng have yu ______ this dictinary?
— Fr three years. It’s very useful.
A. bught B. had C. brrw D. kept
2. My brther ______ in this schl fr five years. He will graduate next year.
A. studies B. studied C. has studied D. will study
3. — Have yu ______ been t Paris?
— N, I haven’t. But I hpe t g there ne day.
A. ever B. never C. already D. yet
4. The film ______ fr ten minutes. Yu can still catch the beginning.
A. has begun B. began C. has been n D. was n
5. Mr. Li ______ here since 2018. He is a very ppular teacher in ur schl.
A. lives B. lived C. has lived D. will live
6. — When did yu ______ the bk frm the library?
— Last week. I ______ it fr a week.
A. brrw; have kept B. brrw; kept C. lend; have kept D. lend; kept
7. My parents ______ t Beijing twice. They think it’s a wnderful city.
A. g B. went C. have gne D. have been
8. We ______ nt seen each ther fr a lng time. I miss yu very much.
A. have B. has C. d D. did
9. — Has yur sister finished her hmewrk ______?
— Yes, she has. She finished it ten minutes ag.
A. already B. yet C. ever D. never
10. The ld man ______ away frm his hmetwn fr 40 years. He misses it very much.
A. is B. was C. has been D. will be
2：定语从句
核心考点：1. 先行词（人/物）的判断；2. 关系代词wh（指人）、which（指物）、that（指人/物，可替代wh/which，重点：最高级、序数词修饰先行词时只能用that）；3. 定语从句的语序（陈述语序）。
练习：
1. This is the girl ______ helped me with my English yesterday.
A. wh B. which C. what D. where
2. The bk ______ I bught yesterday is very interesting.
A. wh B. which C. that D. bth B and C
3. He is the mst hnest by ______ I have ever met.
A. wh B. which C. that D. what
4. D yu knw the place ______ we will visit next week?
A. wh B. which C. whse D. where
5. The wman ______ sn is my classmate is ur new teacher.
A. wh B. which C. whse D. that
6. This is the first gift ______ my father gave me n my birthday.
A. wh B. which C. that D. what
7. I knw the man ______ is talking with ur headmaster. He is a dctr.
A. wh B. which C. where D. when
8. The stry ______ yu tld me last night is very mving.
A. wh B. which C. whse D. what
9. This is the best mvie ______ I have ever watched. I want t watch it again.
A. wh B. which C. that D. where
10. D yu remember the day ______ we first met? It was a sunny mrning.
A. wh B. which C. that D. when
3：被动语态
核心考点：1. 被动语态基本结构（am/is/are/was/were + 过去分词）；2. 一般现在时被动、一般过去时被动（期中高频）；3. 主动语态与被动语态的转换；4. 不及物动词无被动语态。
训练题（10道）
1. The letter ______ by my brther yesterday.
A. writes B. is written C. was written D. will be written
2. English ______ by many peple all ver the wrld.
A. speaks B. is spken C. spke D. was spken
3. The ld bridge ______ last year. It lks new nw.
A. repairs B. is repaired C. was repaired D. will be repaired
4. The classrm ______ every day. It’s very clean.
A. cleans B. is cleaned C. cleaned D. was cleaned
5. The bks ______ t the children in pr areas next mnth.
A. will send B. are sent C. will be sent D. were sent
6. We ______ t finish ur hmewrk n time every day.
A. ask B. are asked C. asked D. were asked
7. The meeting ______ because f the heavy rain yesterday.
A. cancels B. is canceled C. was canceled D. will be canceled
8. — When ______ the new schl built?
— In 2023.
A. is B. was C. will be D. has been
9. The flwers ______ every mrning. They lk very beautiful.
A. water B. are watered C. watered D. were watered
10. He ______ by his teacher because he made a big mistake.
A. criticizes B. is criticized C. was criticized D. will be criticized
4：非谓语动词
核心考点：1. 动词不定式（t d）：固定搭配（help sb. (t) d、ask sb. t d、teach sb. t d、want t d等）；2. 动名词（ding）：固定搭配（spend time ding、enjy ding、be gd at ding、介词+ding等）；3. 不定式与动名词的辨析。
练习：
1. My mther ften asks me ______ mre exercise t keep healthy.
A. d B. t d C. ding D. dne
2. He spent tw hurs ______ his hmewrk last night.
A. finish B. t finish C. finishing D. finished
3. We shuld try ur best ______ the envirnment.
A. prtect B. t prtect C. prtecting D. prtected
4. She enjys ______ music in her free time.
A. listen t B. t listen t C. listening t D. listened t
5. His teacher advised him ______ t much time playing games.
A. nt t spend B. t nt spend C. nt spend D. nt spending
6. What abut ______ a walk after dinner? It’s gd fr ur health.
A. take B. t take C. taking D. tk
7. I dn’t knw hw ______ this difficult prblem.
A. slve B. t slve C. slving D. slved
8. He is gd at ______ English. He ften helps us with ur English.
A. speak B. t speak C. speaking D. spken
9. My father tld me ______ late fr schl again.
A. nt t be B. t nt be C. nt be D. nt being
10. She decided ______ t Paris fr vacatin next summer.
A. g B. t g C. ging D. went
5：其他语法
核心考点：1. 情态动词（must/shuld/can/may）辨析；2. 主谓一致（nt als...就近原则）；3. 形容词/副词最高级；4. 疑问词辨析（hw/what/why/when）。
训练题（10道）
1. — Yu ______ finish yur hmewrk befre yu watch TV. It’s a rule.
— I knw, Mm.
A. can B. must C. may D. shuld
2. Nt nly my sister but als I ______ interested in painting. We ften paint tgether.
A. am B. is C. are D. be
3. This is ______ interesting bk I have ever read. I recmmend it t yu.
A. a B. an C. the mst D. the mst interesting
4. — ______ d yu g t the library?
— Twice a week.
A. Hw ften B. Hw lng C. Hw far D. Hw sn
5. Yu ______ ask yur teacher fr help if yu dn’t understand the prblem.
A. can B. must C. shuld D. bth A and C
6. Nt nly the students but als their teacher ______ ging t the Great Wall next week.
A. is B. are C. am D. will
7. Of all the subjects, I think English is ______ ne. I like it best.
A. interesting B. mre interesting C. the mst interesting D. much interesting
8. — ______ did yu stay in Beijing last summer?
— Fr tw weeks.
A. Hw ften B. Hw lng C. Hw many D. Hw much
9. — ______ I use yur pen? Mine is brken.
— Sure, here yu are.
A. Can B. Must C. Shuld D. Need
10. Nt nly my parents but als my brther ______ t Shanghai. They will cme back next week.
A. has gne B. have gne C. has been D. have been
参考答案及解析
1
1. B（基础题）：fr three years是时间段，buy是短暂性动词，需转换为延续性动词have，has后接过去分词had。
2. C（基础题）：fr five years是现在完成时标志，主语my brther是第三人称单数，用has studied。
3. A（基础题）：ever用于现在完成时疑问句，表“曾经”，符合句意。
4. C（基础题）：fr ten minutes是时间段，begin是短暂性动词，转换为be n，has been n表持续状态。
5. C（提升题）：since 2018是现在完成时标志，主语Mr. Li是第三人称单数，用has lived。
6. A（提升题）：第一空did后接动词原形brrw（借进）；第二空fr a week是时间段，brrw转换为keep，用have kept。
7. D（提升题）：twice表“两次”，用have been t（去过某地，已回来）；have gne t表“去了某地，未回来”，不符合语境。
8. A（提升题）：现在完成时否定结构为have/has nt + 过去分词，主语we用have。
9. B（难题）：yet用于现在完成时疑问句末尾，表“已经”；already用于肯定句中，此处是疑问句，用yet。
10. C（难题）：fr 40 years是时间段，leave是短暂性动词，转换为be away，用has been away。
2
1. B（基础题）：must表“必须”，符合“看电视前必须完成作业”的规则语境，语气最强。
2. A（基础题）：nt als...遵循就近原则，靠近谓语的主语是I，用am。
3. C（基础题）：f all表三者及以上比较，用最高级，interesting的最高级是the mst interesting，此处省略bk前的形容词，直接用the mst。
4. A（基础题）：答语Twice a week表频率，用hw ften提问。
5. D（提升题）：can表“可以”，shuld表“应该”，两者都符合语境，故选bth A and C。
6. A（提升题）：nt als...遵循就近原则，靠近谓语的主语是their teacher（单数），用is ging。
7. C（提升题）：f all表三者及以上比较，用the mst interesting，符合“最喜欢英语”的语境。
8. B（提升题）：答语Fr tw weeks表时间段，用hw lng提问。
9. A（难题）：can表“请求许可”，符合“借钢笔”的语境；must表“必须”，shuld表“应该”，need表“需要”，均不符合。
10. A（难题）：nt als...遵循就近原则，靠近谓语的主语是my brther（单数），用has；have gne t表“去了某地，未回来”，符合“下周回来”的语境，故选has gne。
3：
1. C（基础题）：yesterday是过去时标志，the letter是动作承受者（被写），用一般过去时被动was written。
2. B（基础题）：everywhere表经常性动作，English是动作承受者（被说），用一般现在时被动is spken。
3. C（基础题）：last year是过去时标志，the ld bridge是动作承受者（被修），用一般过去时被动was repaired。
4. B（基础题）：every day是一般现在时标志，the classrm是动作承受者（被打扫），用一般现在时被动is cleaned。
5. C（提升题）：next mnth是将来时标志，the bks是动作承受者（被送），用一般将来时被动will be sent。
6. B（提升题）：every day是一般现在时标志，we是动作承受者（被要求），用一般现在时被动are asked。
7. C（提升题）：yesterday是过去时标志，the meeting是动作承受者（被取消），用一般过去时被动was canceled。
8. B（提升题）：答语In 2023是过去时标志，the new schl是动作承受者（被建），用一般过去时被动was built，此处省略built。
9. B（难题）：every mrning是一般现在时标志，the flwers是动作承受者（被浇水），注意water的过去分词是watered，用are watered。
10. C（难题）：made是过去时标志，he是动作承受者（被批评），用一般过去时被动was criticized，结合语境判断时态。
4
1. B（基础题）：ask sb. t d sth. 固定搭配，表“要求某人做某事”，故选t d。
2. C（基础题）：spend time ding sth. 固定搭配，表“花费时间做某事”，故选finishing。
3. B（基础题）：try ne’s best t d sth. 固定搭配，表“尽某人最大努力做某事”，故选t prtect。
4. C（基础题）：enjy ding sth. 固定搭配，表“喜欢做某事”，listen t music是固定短语，故选listening t。
5. A（提升题）：advise sb. nt t d sth. 固定搭配，表“建议某人不要做某事”，否定词nt放t前面，故选nt t spend。
6. C（提升题）：what abut + ding sth. 固定搭配，表“……怎么样”，故选taking。
7. B（提升题）：疑问词hw + t d sth. 表“如何做某事”，作knw的宾语，故选t slve。
8. C（提升题）：be gd at + ding sth. 固定搭配，表“擅长做某事”，故选speaking。
9. A（难题）：tell sb. nt t d sth. 固定搭配，be late fr是固定短语，否定词nt放t前面，故选nt t be。
10. B（难题）：decide t d sth. 固定搭配，表“决定做某事”，注意decide后只能接不定式，不能接动名词，故选t g。
5
1. A（基础题）：先行词the girl是人，关系代词用wh，在从句中作主语。
2. D（基础题）：先行词the bk是物，关系代词可用which或that，在从句中作宾语。
3. C（基础题）：先行词the by有最高级the mst hnest修饰，关系代词只能用that。
4. B（基础题）：先行词the place是物，关系代词用which，在从句中作宾语（visit后接宾语）。
5. C（提升题）：先行词the wman是人，从句中sn是名词，需用whse（谁的）修饰，表“那个儿子是我同学的女人”。
6. C（提升题）：先行词the first gift有序数词the first修饰，关系代词只能用that。
7. A（提升题）：先行词the man是人，关系代词用wh，在从句中作主语。
8. B（提升题）：先行词the stry是物，关系代词用which，在从句中作宾语（tld后接宾语）。
9. C（难题）：先行词the best mvie有最高级the best修饰，关系代词只能用that。
10. D（难题）：先行词the day是时间，关系副词用when（此处易误选that，注意：从句中不缺宾语，需用关系副词）。