北京市房山区2025届高三下学期一模英语试卷（Word版，附解析）

这是一份北京市房山区2025届高三下学期一模英语试卷（Word版，附解析），共6页。试卷主要包含了5分，共15分）， A等内容，欢迎下载使用。
本试卷共 10页，100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 知识运用（共两节，30分）
第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
It was ht. And it was Saturday! “I ___1___ pulling weeds!” I thught. Still, I made sure t pull every annying weed. My dad culd ___2___ a single weed a mile away. And if he sptted even ne, I’d be stuck wrking all day.
“Dad, I’m dne,” I shuted frm the garden, feeling sure that I had dne a gd jb. But then Dad ___3___ ut f the huse.
“Dn’t shut!” he said, waving an angry finger, “yu missed a spt.”
I sighed and went back t wrk. Atter a while, I lked back at Dad. He still wre that mad lk n his face, his eyes searching the garden as if he culd find every tiny imperfectin.
“Okay,” he said, ___4___, “I guess yu’ re dne.” As Dad walked back t the huse, I wndered if he liked me.
Tw weeks later, n the mrning f anther weed picking weekend, I wke up feverish. “Let’s g,” Dad said, ___5___ me frm the bed. “Yu need t see a dctr.” “Please, n,” I said in a ___6___ vice, “I’d rather pull weeds.” He tk me anyway, and the dctr said I had pneumnia (肺炎).
That night a (n) ___7___ wke me frm my sleep. I saw my dad wh came up t me and put his hand against my ___8___. Then, I saw him ___9___ smething n my table. When he left, I fund a necklace with a charm shaped like a small dg, just like my favrite pet. I held it t my heart and cried. My dad, wh never hugged me r said, “I ___10___ yu”, had just said it all.
1. A. preferB. tlerateC. avidD. hate
2 A. seeB. markC. remveD. ignre
3. A. bundedB. struggledC. slippedD. strmed
4. A. turning awayB. breaking dwnC. ndding ffD. rushing frward
5. A. wakingB. liftingC. shakingD. rescuing
6. A. cnfidentB. strangeC. cheerfulD. weak
7. A. screamB. niseC. alarmD. whisper
8. A. armB. shulderC. freheadD. wrist
9. A. layB. thrwC. writeD. adjust
10. A. respectB. trustC. lveD. miss
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Li Yikun started as a kitchen assistant and later ___11___ (becme) a fd deliveryman. While ___12___ (wrk), he pursued a cllege degree. Curius abut mechanical devices, he hped t find a jb related t mechanical peratin. When an e-cmmerce platfrm hired drne pilts, Li decided t give it a sht. He landed his dream jb, ___13___ has increased his incme and interest in drnes. By nw, he ___14___ (btain) a drne instructr certificate.
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Ne Zha 2, ___15___ (base) n a Chinese flk character, earned mre than 8 billin yuan during the week-lng Chinese New Year hliday. It brke the recrd set by 2021’s The Battle f Lake Changjin. Ht ff its dmestic success, it ___16___ (shw) verseas next week, including in the US, Canada and Australia. “It nt nly shws the strng pwer f Chinese animatin, but als ___17___ (demnstrate) the endless pssibilities f traditinal Chinese stries in the mdern cntext,” reads ne review.
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Since the launch f Tiangng’s first cmpnent ___18___ 2021, Chinese space fficials have discussed selecting and sending freign astrnauts t the space statin. Nw, China’s Tiangng space statin is expected t welcme its first freign ___19___ (visit)—a Pakistani astrnaut. ___20___ (achieve) this histric missin, China and Pakistan will spend abut a year cmpleting the selectin prcess befre sending the chsen candidates t China fr systematic training. This initiative marks a majr step in internatinal cperatin and inspires glbal space explratin.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，38分）
第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）
阅读下列短文：从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
AI Schlars Live Online is a 10-sessin (25-hur) artificial intelligence bt camp fr high schl students, teaching fundamental AI cncepts and guiding them t build a scially impactful prject. Taught by graduate students frm well-knwn universities, participants receive persnalized instructin in small grups with 5 students per teacher.
Requirements
· High Schl Students (Grades 9-12) r equivalent.
· N prir prgramming r cmputer science experience is required, but an interest in AI is appreciated.
· Advanced grups are available fr students with prir experience.
Hw Live Online Sessins Wrk
Persnalized Instructin: Students will receive persnalized guidance, engage in AI discussins, wrk n prgramming exercises, and pet feedback thrugh live screen share.
Team Learning: Students will wrk tgether n AI demnstratins, activities, and interact with multiple instructrs. They will als attend instructr research sptlights and present at a final event.
AI Learning Online Platfrm: Students will get access t materials n ppular prgramming languages, cding assignments, and mre than five AI prjects in healthcare, ecnmics, and media t cntinue their AI jurney.
First Half f Prgram (Sessins 1-5): Students will explre AI applicatins, fundatinal cncepts, and develp prgramming skills. They will participate in grup discussins, wrk n hands-n cding assignments individually, and demnstrate their effrts using screen share.
Secnd Half f Prgram (Sessins 6-10): Students will apply their AI skills t a mentr-led scial gd prject and attend cllege and career preparatin wrkshps. They will als discuss AI mral issues, jin an AI panel, and present their wrk at a final prject fair.
21. What des the AI Schlars Live Online prgram mainly fcus n?
A. AI knwledge fr cllege entrance examinatin.B. Basic cmputer knwledge and peratins.
C. AI cncepts and prject building.D. Advanced prgramming skills.
22. Accrding t this passage, applicants are required t _______.
A. have a backgrund in cmputer science r Al educatin
B. be in grades 9 t 12 r at a similar educatin level
C. have previus experience in advanced AI curses
D. be graduate students frm famus universities
23. During the prgram students will _______
A. cnduct practical cding assignments independently
B. get respnses thrugh face-t-face cmmunicatin
C. watch AI demnstratins ffered by instructrs
D. create an Al-driven rute fr a glbal jurney
B
Since he was a little by, Masn, 18, has been a “tinkerer”. His mm says, “He is always building smething and cming up with new inventins.” Fur years ag, a vide played at schl demnstrated the dangers f getting trapped in grain and tld the stry f a farmer wh had nearly lst his life in a grain bin (谷仓). That stry stuck with Masn.
He began researching hw grain bins wrk and sketching ideas. He wuld wake up in the middle f the night with new ideas, turn n his light, and jt them dwn. Eventually, he came up with the idea f the Grain Gyre: an auger (螺旋钻) n the bttm f the bin that mves the crp up and dumps it back ut n tp in the center. This way, the farmer wuldn’t need t g int the bin and risk getting hurt. He shared his idea with his teacher, wh encuraged him t build a mdel. Masn’s dad gave him full freedm t use all the parts and tls in his shed. It tk a few tries, but Masn wrked until his design came t life and did exactly what he wanted.
Afterwards, Masn’s grandparents dnated a grain bin and the crn needed t fill it frm their farm. His brther pured the cncrete. One f his friends did the electrical wrk. Tday, a grain bin sits at the end f the driveway. Cameras inside the bin shw the Grain Gyre in actin n a screen set up next t the bin. The entire system can be cntrlled manually with a switch munted n the bin r remtely frm an app n the user’s smartphne r tablet.
Masn is still thinking abut ways t make the Grain Gyre better. He is develping a scial media presence t share vides f hw his inventin actually wrks. The next step is t find a manufacturer t license and build the Grain Gyre.
After graduating frm high schl, Masn plans t attend cmmunity cllege t becme a mechanic specializing in engines. Masn culd very well be clse t becming a successful businessman while still a teenager, but that’s nt why he invented the Grain Gyre. He says his mtivatin remains the same tday as when he first came up with the idea: “T keep farmers safe.”
24. What made Masn start thinking abut the Grain Gyre?
A. His experience f being trapped t a crnfield.
B. His father’s encuragement t create a new inventin.
C. An inventin that helps farmers address crp shrtages.
D. A stry abut a farmer nearly lsing his life in a grain bin.
25. Hw did Masn’s family and friends help with the Grain Gyre?
A. They prvided resurces and supprt.
B. They assisted with designing the system.
C. They funded the prject and managed prductin.
D. They psted a vide f the inventin n scial media.
26. Accrding t the last paragraph, we can learn that Masn is _______.
A. extremely braveB. quietly ambitius
C. scially respnsibleD. academically passinate
27. What can we cnclude frm this passage?
A. Family teamwrk leads t greater success.
B. Caring innvatin slves real-wrld dangers.
C. Starting a business demands persnal ambitin.
D. Frmal educatin prvides slutins t difficult prblems.
C
Until a few weeks ag, I relied n restaurant hygiene (卫生) ratings when deciding where t dine. The UK’s Fd Standards Agency assigns scres frm 0 t 5, with 0 indicating urgent imprvement is needed. These ratings were a reliable predictr fr thse wh are careful abut fd. Hwever, a recent reprt revealed that sme businesses misrepresent their hygiene scres, psting a 5 when their ratings are as lw as 0. When cheating behavirs like this are successful, they tend t spread, as peple ften cpy behavirs assciated with success. Over time, this can damage the shared signals n which sciety depends.
Research in bilgy and scilgy prvides insights int this phenmenn. In the natural wrld, animals signal infrmatin t ther rganisms. Fr example, dgs bare their teeth t warn f pssible attacks, and male red deer rar t indicate their size. Hwever, sme animals cheat. A type f bird’s chicks cpy the sunds f ther birds’ yung t cheat adult birds int feeding them. This dishnest behavir evlved because it wrks, similar t hw cheating can spread in human sciety.
Amng humans, technlgical advancements have increased the ways we can misrepresent ur intentins and identities. This includes “cat fishing” in digital interactins, where individuals mask their true identities t cheat thers nline. Generative artificial intelligence is further increasing these pprtunities. Scilgists in a bk describe hw AI can be used t cheat peple in hstile interactins, even in wars. Fr example, vice editing can allw individuals t pse as senir military fficials r children in need f mney. In the digital age, anyne can assume any identity.
Frtunately, humans have fund ways t slve trust issues. We are gd at identifying wh is trustwrthy ver time. We learn t recgnize patterns f behavir indicative f cheating. Just as cheating tactics (手法) spread, s d the technlgies fr detecting them, such as passwrds, face r vice recgnitin, and new technlgies t prevent deepfakes (深度伪造).
Peple are als skilled at develping nrms that impse csts n cheaters. Laws have been created t fine r imprisn thse guilty f impersnatin. While we are still in the early stages f develping effective rules arund AI, the awareness f the dangers these tls pse is a step in ur defense.
What matters fr keeping trust is the reliability f the signals we use in cmmunicatin. Whether it’s hygiene scres r trick emails, we need a mechanism t determine reliability. This is achieved thrugh effective plicing — punishing thse wh prve untrustwrthy — and educating urselves t avid unreliable peple, places, and things. If we can trust that hygiene ratings are reliable, we can use them t guide ur behavir.
28. What can we learn frm Paragraph 1?
A. Restaurant businesses are cmpetitive.
B. Shared signals can be a driving frce in success.
C. Cheating behavirs can harm trust within sciety.
D. Rating systems are develped with scientific methds.
29. What is the authr’s view n technlgical advancements?
A. Objective.B. Dubtful.C. Optimistic.D. Pessimistic.
30. It is implied in this passage that we shuld _______.
A. adpt stricter legal punishment fr deepfakes
B. priritize fficial rules ver individual awareness
C. increase reliance n technlgical slutins t detect dishnesty
D. cmbine legal measures with public awareness t reduce distrust
D
Earth is a bright spt f value in the universe, partly because it cntains human beings wh, driven by curisity and a nn-instrumental desire t address hard questins, engage in philsphy. Philsphical inquiry makes the entire planet better than it wuld therwise be.
Is science better and mre significant than philsphy mre central t the specialness f Earth? Of curse, science can extend ur lifespans and empwer us t transfrm the envirnment. But the lngevity and pwer f ne species aren’t what make Earth special. Cnsider instead, the greatest achievements f science: the Cpernican/ Galilean/ Newtnian revlutin, Darwin’s thery f natural selectin, Einstein’s thery f relativity, quantum mechanics, breakthrughs in genetics and brain science. These transfrmed ur understanding f the universe and ur place within it. The distinctive value f human science lies in its philsphical strength— its pwer t guide us tward the bradest and mst fundatinal questins abut urselves and the universe. Art is the same: at its best, it ges beynd decratin and amusement, cnfrnting us with the puzzles f human existence. In their mst ambitius frms, the arts and sciences merge int philsphy, expressing ur philsphical urges.
A metaphr: as the circle f light expands, s t des the ring f darkness arund it. Philsphy lives in that ring f darkness. Within the circle f light lies what is straightfrwardly knwable thrugh cmmn sense, mainstream science r ther established methds. In the penumbra (半影) are matters f guesses r ideas. There’s n sharp line between light and dark, and n sharp beginning r end t the penumbra.
As the light grws, the penumbral ring expands t match. There will always be darkness beynd, and philsphical questining will chase it. We will never cmplete the prject f understanding the fundamental structure f the wrld. Generatins f philsphers will die withut getting satisfactry answers t their mst searching questins.
Billins f years ag, stars explded, frming planets, and life emerged. Sme beings develped the ability t wnder abut their place in the universe, their values, and their capacity fr reflectin. When we philsphize, we becme a means by which the universe, after billins f years, mmentarily thinks abut itself in dubt and amazement. Nthing is mre naturally valuable r wrthy f respect and wnder.
31. What des the authr intend t d by mentining the brightness f Earth?
A. Make an assumptin.B. Present an argument.C. Give a suggestin.D. Raise a questin.
32. What des the phrase “merge int” underlined in Paragraph 2 prbably mean?
A. Change t.B. Replace with.C. Stand fr.D. Cmbine int.
33. What can be inferred abut philsphy frm the metaphr f penumbra?
A. It will decline as knwledge advances.B. It will cntinue due t expanding unknwns.
C. It aims t distinguish between light and dark.D. It remains separate frm established methds.
34. The authr believes that _____.
A the pursuit f endless questins is significant
B. human beings are a highly emtinal species
C. science is the primary surce f philsphical ideas
D. the physical characteristics f Earth make it exceptinal
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Sustainable mmentum (动力) is abut creating a steady pattern in yur life, where cmmitment t a task becmes as habitual as breathing. And creating a life pattern that fuels creativity and prductivity is quite simple, yet pwerful: plan weekly and d daily. ___35___ Let’s lk at it in detail.
PLAN WEEKLY
___36___ What yu plan fr Mnday might nt be achievable by Wednesday. This is where a weekly big picture prves invaluable. Instead f rigidly planning every day, give yurself the breathing space f a week.
When yu plan weekly, yu’ re affrded the luxury f arranging hurs with mre flexibility. Say, a surprise appintment crps up n Tuesday? N wrries. ___37___ Shuffling (变换次序)within a week prvides a smther shift than trying t rearrange a jam-packed day.
Additinally, planning with a weekly perspective ffers a bird’s eye view f yur gals. It’s nt just abut pa king tasks, but abut matching them with yur brader bjectives. ___38___
DO DAILY
Genuine prgress is abut taking cnstant, purpseful steps. It’s nt abut waiting fr a vast, free blck f time. Instead, it’s abut making realistic, day-t-day advancements.
___39___ Imagine having t eat an entire cake in ne g. Impssible, right? But what if yu had ne slice a day? That’s the principle here. Instead f massive tasks, slice them int smaller, mre digestible pieces. This way, yu’re less likely t be verwhelmed (压垮) by the scale f a task and mre likely t take steady actin.
A. Break dwn the tasks.
B. Cnsistency is the key.
C Day-t-day life can be unpredictable.
D. Adjust yur fcus blcks accrdingly.
E. It’s a principle that allws mmentum t grw naturally.
F. S it ensures yu’ re always headed in the directin yu desire.
G. The cmbinatin f flexibility with daily actinable tasks fuels mmentum.
第三部分 书面表达（共两节，32分）
第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
Have yu ever taken the time t stp and listen t nature? Deeply, quietly and patiently? If nt, dn’t wrry. Deep listening is a skill that can be develped. T listen deeply t nature means recgnizing behavirs, relatinships, and interactin patterns between species and gaining insights.
If yu’d like t try deep listening, visit a quiet natural place, turn ff yur devices, and clse yur eyes. Extend yur hearing int the landscape, fcusing in all directins. At first, yu’ll hear individual creatures, but sn yu may ntice interactins and patterns, helping yu cmprehend the living system as a whle.
We can learn valuable lessns abut cperatin and cmpetitin by deeply listening t nature. Peple ften simplify relatinships int cperatin r cmpetitin, but nature shws that cperatin plays a greater rle than we think. Many species, like birds in mixed flcks (群), wrk tgether by sharing infrmatin abut fd and threats. This cperatin, especially when embracing diversity, is key t addressing humanity’s existential threats, which are intercnnected and require cllabrative (合作的) slutins. Similarly, in cmpetitive interactins, many animals use specialized behavirs, like singing r play fighting, t negtiate rather than engage in direct cmpetitin, highlighting the imprtance f cmmunicatin and shared respect in cnflict reslutin.
In sme cuntries, deep listening is even part f the educatin system, teaching children t understand and live with the eclgical cmmunities arund them. In this educatin system, plants and animals are bth central knwledge hlders and teachers. Humans prvide supprt fr children’s learning frm these knwledge hlders. In this way, children cme t knw, understand, and care fr the land.
Deep listening t nature helps us appreciate and care fr Earth’s eclgical cmmunities. It teaches hw species adapt, survive, and thrive (茁壮成长), ffering guidance fr ur wn cultures as we face grwing scial and envirnmental uncertainty.
40. What is deep listening t nature?
___________________________________________________
41. Why d many animals use specialized behavirs?
___________________________________________________
42. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
In the deep listening educatin system, humans are the central knwledge hlders and teachers.
___________________________________________________
43. Apart frm what is mentined in this passage, what ther lessns can yu learn frm nature? (In abut 40 wrds)
___________________________________________________
第二节（20分）
44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你与本校外国交换生 Jim准备组队参加学校举办的主题为“Technlgy Meets Chinese Traditinal Culture”的创意大赛。请你用英文给 Jim发一封邮件，内容包括：
1.分享你的创意设计；
2.询问Jim的建议。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua