北京市石景山区2025届高三下学期一模英语试卷（Word版附解析）

这是一份北京市石景山区2025届高三下学期一模英语试卷（Word版附解析）试卷主要包含了5分，共15分)， A等内容，欢迎下载使用。
本试卷共10页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。
考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答，在试卷上作答无效。
考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分：知识运用(共两节，30分)
第一节 完形填空(共10小题：每小题1.5分，共15分)
阅读下面短文、掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
As a student planning t study management I realised that classrm alne wuldn’t be enugh t fully prepare me fr the challenges frm the wrld. Eager t gain market-related experience befre university, I stepped int the wrld f ____1____ this summer.
I nticed a prblem in my cmmunity: the electricity supply was nt ____2____, ften being insufficient and leading t frequent pwer cuts that affected daily life. This created a clear need fr a charging statin, s I decided t pen ne t ____3____ the issue. What started as a way t prepare myself fr cllege quickly turned int a meaningful prject, shaping my understanding f hw business can nt nly ____4____ practical needs but als make a lasting impact in a cmmunity.
The respnse t my business was ____5____. On the first three days alne, I made $406.Thai initial success was mre than just encuraging — it was ____6____ that I was slving a real prblem and that the market was there fr my services. Seeing peple stream int the centre, grateful fr the charging service, ____7____ my belief that business is abut addressing needs and serving thers.
The jurney f starting this business was nt withut challenges. When I needed ____8____ t start the business, I negtiated with my relatives t give me tw cws, which I then sld t raise funds. I als drew n technical skills t handle the electrical wrk myself, which ____9____ my startup csts. Tday, the charging center is alive with activities.
The skills I’ve acquired will certainly serve me well as l begin my university jurney. Lking back, I can see hw these _____10_____ lessns have set a stage fr the future.
1. A. medicineB. literatureC. businessD. science
2. A. reliableB. privateC. affrdableD. renewable
3. A. discussB. raiseC. reprtD. address
4. A. prmteB. replaceC. meetD. guide
5. A. disappintingB. incredibleC. strangeD. embarrassing
6. A. prfB. dubtC. hpeD. fear
7. A. cnfusedB. challengedC. cnfirmedD. changed
8. A. incmeB. capitalC. priceD. prfit
9. A. estimatedB. prvidedC. dubledD. reduced
10. A. practicalB. classicC. familiarD. cultural
第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Released in 2023, DeepSeek is ____11____ pen-surce artificial intelligence system. Users can dwnlad, change and even run it lcally ____12____ (satisfy) their specific technical requirements. Its latest mdel, V3.5, delivers exceptinal perfrmance in reasning, text generatin, and data analysis tasks. Many users are chsing DeepSeek nt nly fr its pwerful features but als fr its ____13____ (lw) csts cmpared t any ther ptin n the market.
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
The first public htline, ____14____ is a tl fr enhancing citizen participatin and imprving city management, started in Lndn in 1937. In China, the gvernment htline ____15____ (launch) in big cities during the 1980s and later imprved t be a citizen service platfrm in 2019. Nw, in Beijing, mre than 1,700 peratrs deal with ver 60,000 calls each day. This system ____16____ (prmte) interactin between citizens and the city, ____17____ (respnd) t their appeals and making the city a better place.
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Scrlling thrugh the phne, Zhang Yang nticed Chngqing subway-thrugh-building vides were gaining massive attentin. Curius, he searched the data and fund that the freign turist arrivals ____18____ (keep) rising steadily even befre these vides OSS surfaced. ____19____ (inspire) by this upward trend, he jined a travel startup and set abut designing persnalised cultural trips. As a result, his ____20____ (bking) have dubled these days, prving that such trips are attracting mre freign travelers than crwded turist spts when they lk fr meaningful cnnectins with lcal culture.
第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，38分)
第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
The AI Schlars Prgramme (AISP) ffers high schl students wrldwide a fur-week, n-campus experience in artificial intelligence (AI) at Westbridge Technlgy University (WTU), cnnecting them with leading AI researchers. This fully-funded prgramme cvers curse fees, husing and prgramme-related field trips.
Curse Plan
A virtual Pythn preparatin curse begins ne mnth prir t the start f the campus prgramme. Cding experience is nt required, and instructr supprt will be available fr all students.
Cre academic mdules include lectures n using AI fairly and safely, alng with in-depth seminars led by WTU teaching staff that explre current AI research prjects. Students will apply newly acquired AI skills t real-wrld challenges in a hands-n grup prject, which will be presented at the AISP clsing ceremny.
Site visits with industry leaders are als included t explre emerging career paths in the AI field, alng with academic writing wrkshps fr cllege applicatin.
Applicatin Requirements
Students applying fr AISP must be at least 16 years ld. The cmplete applicatin fr AISP will cnsist f：
an nline applicatin frm;
fficial high schl recrds f academic perfrmance and extra-curricular activities;
a persnal statement demnstrating curisity in AI research and cmmitment t scially respnsible innvatin.
Applicants are strngly encuraged t submit a ne-page maximum summary f the research prpsal, clarifying hw the prject uses AI, its imprtance and intended utcmes. This will prvide valuable infrmatin abut the applicant’s research ptential, technical skills, and ability t plan and cmmunicate their research gals.
Applicatins f 2025 prgramme clse n April 15, 2025, with interviews cnducted thrugh May. Click here t start yur applicatin.
21. What is the main purpse f the AISP?
A. T engage students in AI explratin.
B. T advcate cperatin in AI research.
C. T prvide career guidance in AI industry.
D. T prmte the principles f AI applicatins.
22. What can students learn frm the prgramme?
A. Academic writing n AI develpment.
B. Ways t write an AI research prpsal.
C. AI skills fr slving prblems in reality.
D. Advanced maths and physics with AI fcus.
23. T be cnsidered fr the prgramme, students shuld .
A. pay the tuitin fees in advance
B. uplad a recmmendatin letter
C. submit an nline applicatin frm in May
D. prvide schl recrds and a persnal statement
B
In my early frties, I began painting with waterclurs. Each brushstrke n paper turned int a persnal language, allwing me t express the inexpressible. The feeling f clur being absrbed int the paper was calming, yet it left me lnging fr smething deeper. Over time, I became mre interested in il paints. Althugh they tk lnger t dry, they ffered me a sense f cntrl. Layers f paints cmbined smthly, creating a three-dimensinal effect that waterclurs culdn’t cpy. Oil paints granted me the precius pprtunity t take a few steps back, as if I were a curius explrer appraching a hidden landscape.
Hwever, wrking with il paints wasn’t easy. Getting the right shine r thickness required patience, and at times, I felt annyed by my lack f prgress. Clurs didn’t always behave as expected, and I struggled t achieve the visin in my mind. But the mre I persisted, the mre I understd il paints. They balanced sftness with depth, giving me the chance t create bth delicate and grand images. The prcess f painting became reflective, a practice f explring clurs, textures (纹理) and emtins — smetimes rugh, smetimes peaceful, but always rewarding.
One evening, I nticed a strange shade f blue n my canvas (画布). It seemed ut f place, as if it didn’t belng. My heart skipped a beat, and I stared at it, uncertain if it was part f my recent wrk r a trick f the eye. As I stepped back t examine the canvas, the blue shade slwly began t make sense. It was nt an errr but an invitatin — an unplanned element that added depth t the piece in a way I hadn’t expected. At that mment, I realised that painting, much like life, was nt abut cmplete cntrl but abut embracing the unexpected.
Frm then n I apprached my wrk with a new sense f curisity. I let clurs blend mre freely, allwed accidental mistakes t becme part f the cmpsitin, and accepted that every brushstrke carried its wn stry. Oil painting nt nly gave me a medium t express myself but als taught me patience, resilience, and the beauty f discvery.
Lking at my finished wrk, I n lnger saw just layers f paints. I saw mments f struggle, jy, and grwth wven int the canvas — a reminder that art, like any, is as much abut the prcess as it is abut the final masterpiece.
24. Why did the authr turn t il paints?
A. T enhance creativity.B. T save painting time.
C. T seek deeper artistic cntrl.D. T imprve painting skills.
25. What challenge did the authr face when wrking with il paints?
A. Balancing sftness and sharpness.B. Creating a three-dimensinal effect.
C. Achieving the right shine and thickness.D. Cntrlling the drying time f the paints.
26. What message des the authr want t cnvey?
A. Art is a jurney f welcming imperfectins.
B. A gd picture is wrth a thusand wrds.
C. Beauty is the ultimate gal f fine art.
D. Creating is abut explring ideal self.
C
Researchers frm the NeurMind Institute have develped a new system that uses predatr (捕食者) rbts t chase (追逐) larval (幼体的) zebrafish in an pen water. This innvative apprach is helping scientists study hw the yung fish rapidly learn and adapt in real-wrld cnditins.
Larval zebrafish are a valuable tl fr neurscientists because their transparency enables easy study f the brain and behaviur. Hwever, it’s been difficult fr scientists t study learning in these develping vertebrates (脊椎动物) — an imprtant part f understanding hw the brain wrks. Previus research fund yung zebrafish culd learn simple assciatins. But this type f learning happens slwly and ften unreliably, and it was still unclear whether days-ld zebrafish can learn fast enugh t use their memry in natural situatins, like recgnizing and aviding new predatrs.
The researchers thught that traditinal ways f testing learning in larval zebrafish in the lab, where the cnditins were far frm what the fish wuld encunter in the wild, might nt be effective fr uncvering hw the fish learn. T mdel a real-life situatin, the researchers used small rbtic cylinders (圆柱体), with sme prgrammed t shw predatr-like characteristics.
The researchers created the dynamics: they first placed a rbt that stayed still with a free-swimming zebrafish; after the rbt chased the fish fr a minute, the fish began aviding the rbt’s area fr mre than an hur — a big change frm the nn-avidant behaviur befre the chase experience. When a secnd rbt was intrduced that did nt chase the fish, the zebrafish nly avided the chasing rbt, shwing that they culd distinguish between a threat and a nn-threat.
Using this system, the researchers made an unexpected discvery that nt nly culd larval zebrafish learn extremely quickly in a mre natural cntext, but they culd als d s just five days after beginning their lives as single cells. This was particularly surprising given the fact that a develping zebrafish larva cntains just ne percent r s f the neurns (神经元) in its adult frm. The findings suggest that sme essential learning abilities, like recgnizing predatrs, emerge early in life and are critical fr survival.
Further brain imaging reveals that different regins f the zebrafish brain are invlved in this rapid learning: the hindbrain, a regin cntrlling essential functins, respnds t the appraching predatr; the frebrain, a regin assciated with learning and planning, encdes the presence f the predatr rbt; and the habenula, anther brain area, signals avidance utcmes. All these regins are necessary fr learning, and silencing any f them remves the ability f the fish t learn. It is believed that the new wrk culd ffer insights int hw ther brains prcess real-wrld threats.
27. Why did the researchers develp a new system with larval zebrafish?
A. T bserve their hunting behaviurs.B. T identify their simple assciatins.
C. T examine their brain characteristics.D. T uncver their learning in natural settings.
28. What des the underlined wrd “dynamics” in Paragraph 4 prbably mean?
A. Interactin.B. Functin.C. Structure.D. Standard.
29. What can we learn abut larval zebrafish?
A. They can distinguish between rbts and fish.
B. They learn fast thrugh a multi-reginal brain netwrk.
C They develp learning abilities when reaching adulthd.
D. They can recgnise predatrs with much neurns needed.
30. What will the authr mst prbably discuss in the paragraph that fllws?
A. Explaining the rbt design used in the experiment.
B. Explring danger prcessing in ther species’ brains.
C. Analysing the cnnectin between learning and planning.
D. Describing zebrafish behaviurs in different surrundings.
D
The mn stands alne. Unique in the universe, it is a lifeless and sunbaked wasteland that harburs little except what we bring t it. But that is abut t change.
Half a century after the Apll prgramme, a private spacecraft Nva-C made the first tuchdwn n the mn successfully, bearing scientific instruments, micrfiche (微缩胶片) stry disks, cameras, and sculptures t stay n the mn frever. Its success wuld prmise many mre. Thugh it may seem like an exciting utlk fr humanity’s space explratin ambitins, it als signals a future where the mn becmes a htbed f ungverned business peratins that will irreversibly (不可逆地) transfrm it.
Fr the first time, private capital has reached the mn, expanding beynd scientific gals. This allws private landers, even when carrying gvernment science experiments, t include additinal nn-scientific paylads (有酬负载) fr ther custmers. Items bund t raise varius bjectins, such as human cremains (骨灰) and dehydrated water bears frm past missins, have caused cncerns abut bilgical materials n the mn. There’re a lt mre planned fr future launches, likely sparking further debate.
Befre this decade is ut, with a pwerful enugh telescpe, yu may be able t see evidence f human cnstructin r even habitatin n the mn. In 2023, the glbal space industry was valued at $469 billin, expected t exceed $1 trillin by 2030, driven by grwing satellite use in manufacturing, pwer, and data. “We are nw at a tipping pint, where ideas previusly limited t science fictin represent attractive investment prjects,” a reprt read.
A vluntary agreement has been used since 2020 t fster lunar cperatin. It prmtes internatinal standards, emergency assistance and data sharing. Hwever, it als allws fr expliting (开采) lunar resurces like dust, water, rare earth elements and ther materials.
Explring the mn has value fr science and ptential benefits fr Earth, but humans ften turn explratin int explitatin, and the mn may face the same fate. The mn wn’t be alne fr lng. But it is and will frever be quiet. It plays hst t n thunderstrms, n crashing waves, n bird sngs and n anthems (国歌). We must be its vice. We will sn change its surface, and ur relatinship t it, frever. At the very least, we we the mn a cnsidered discussin f why and hw we will d s.
31. What is the authr’s cncern abut the mn’s future?
A. Unregulated cmmercial activities.B. Illegal human cnstructin.
C. Limited paylad carried t the mn.D. A lack f scientific missins.
32. The “tipping pint” in Paragraph 4 indicates the change .
A. frm cperatin t cmpetitinB. frm science t trade
C. frm lunar landing t settlementD. frm fantasy t adventure
33. What can we infer frm this passage?
A. Lunar resurce explratin hlds great prmise.
B Massive investment is beneficial t lunar develpment.
C. Nn-scientific activities can test lunar envirnmental limits.
D. The existing agreement is insufficient in cntrlling ver-explitatin.
34. What wuld be the best title fr this passage?
A. The Prmising Mn: Playgrund fr All
B. The Mn’s Edge: Ambitin Meets Reality
C. The Mn’s Future: Uncver the Unknwn
D. The Silent Mn: Humanity’s Respnsibility
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The Brain Perceives Unexpected Pain Mre Strngly
Pain perceptin (感知) can vary significantly between individuals and even within the same persn acrss different situatins. In sme cases, an injury r physical illness may lead t strnger pain than expected, while similar injuries at ther times may result in much milder pain. This difference suggests that pain perceptin is nt entirely determined by the physical injury itself. ____35____
____36____ One is the Estimate Hypthesis (假说), which suggests that the brain estimates the intensity f pain based n predictins it makes abut the injury. The ther is the Surprise Hypthesis, which argues that the brain feels pain as the difference between what it expects and what actually ccurred. This difference, als knwn as the predictin gap, plays a key rle in shaping hw pain is experienced. ____37____ Healthy participants were subjected t painful ht-based stimuli (刺激), while bserving visual signals in a virtual reality setting. These signals were either assciated with painful r nn-painful experiences. Participants were then asked t reprt their pain intensity.
The researchers discvered that pain perceptin becmes mre intense as the predictin gap widens. This phenmenn ccurs when the actual pain is much strnger than the brain’s expectatins. Their findings suggest that the brain strengthens pain perceptin when there is a substantial difference between anticipated and actual pain levels. ____38____ It prvides a mre accurate framewrk fr understanding hw the brain prcesses pain. The study als revealed that unexpected events tend t increase pain, supprting the idea that the difference between expectatin and reality causes pain t feel wrse.
Individuals with persistent pain ften experience uncertain fears and anxieties abut their cnditin. This mismatch between their expectatins and the actual experience f pain can further strengthen hw strngly they perceive the pain. ____39____ Gaining deeper insights int hw the brain prcesses pain culd als cntribute t the develpment f mre effective treatments, ultimately imprving recvery frm persistent pain.
A. This evidence supprts the Surprise Hypthesis.
B. It is als strngly influenced by individual expectatins.
C. In this study, hw the brain perceives pain was examined.
D. In cntrast, the gap will determine the intensity f the pain ne feels.
E. T explain this phenmenn, a new study has intrduced tw main assumptins.
F. The findings highlight the imprtance f psychlgical factrs in pain management.
G. Narrwing this gap between expectatin and reality may play a key rle in reducing pain.
第三部分：书面表达(共两节，32分)
第一节(共4小题;第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分)
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
A Jurney with a Painting Drne
In the messy garage f their hme, 16-year-ld Emma stared at the pieces f her brther’s ld brken drne (无人机). Her physics teacher had given the class a task — turning ld technlgy int smething “magical.” While mst students built simple things like slar chargers, Emma dreamed f smething bigger — a drne that culd paint pictures while flying! She drew designs mixing science and art — brushes attached t prpellers (螺旋桨) and clurs guided by GPS. Her classmates laughed, calling it a “flying junk,” but Emma kept wrking.
One rainy afternn, she adjusted the drne’s settings t match music. Every beat released a paint drp. The first try was a mess — bright paints spread everywhere. But Emma nticed a pattern in the chas. After five tries, the drne danced t Beethven’s Fifth Symphny, creating a beautiful abstract painting. Her prject wn the schl’s tp prize and even inspired lcal artists t use her technlgy fr large utdr artwrks.
Emma’s success wasn’t just abut imaginatin. It teaches us three essential keys t unlcking creativity. First, balance is crucial. Creativity grws nt in daydreams alne, but when wild ideas meet real-wrld lgic. Emma didn’t just imagine a painting drne; she grunded her visin in maths and physics, calculating hw t keep brushes steady mid-flight. Secnd, bravery grws thrugh small steps. Early n, Emma almst abandned her idea, fearing thers wuld laugh. But she fught dubt by practising creativity daily. Finally, fun fuels persistence. Emma’s first test spread paints everywhere, but instead f giving up, she fund jy in the chas. Her attempts reminded her that “impssible” ideas can awaken wnder. Creativity isn’t a rare gift fr the chsen few; it’s a muscle that strengthens when we laugh at failures and celebrate small wins.
Mst imprtantly, Emma’s jurney mirrrs a universal truth: creativity, like a child learning t walk, demands patience. Every wbble (蹒跚) and every fall is a track f prgress. When we cheer fr effrt rather than perfectin — whether fr a child’s first steps r ur wn messy drafts — we unlck the curage t keep mving frward.
40. What task did Emma’s physics teacher give t the class?
________________________________________________________
41. Accrding t the authr, what are the essential keys t unlcking creativity?
________________________________________________________
42. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
Emma, valuing the final result instead f small wins, learned frm failures and eventually achieved her gal.
________________________________________________________
43. Hw d yu unlck yur creativity? Please give ne example. (In abut 40 wrds)
________________________________________________________
第二节(20分)
44. 假如你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国好友Jim要参加学校举办的“世界智慧城市”(Glbal Smart City)展示活动。他打算介绍北京，聚焦智慧北京的亮点，向你寻求相关建议、请你用英文回复，内容包括：
1建议内容；
2.说明理由。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua