中考英语三轮冲刺 微专题练习微专题17语篇填空·有提示与无提示·三步填空法

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语篇填空是中考英语的“语法与语篇综合题”，分值占比10%-15%，通常为一篇150-200词的短文，设10个空。近三年真题显示，命题形式分为两种：有提示词填空（约60%）——主要考查动词时态、语态、非谓语动词、词性转换；无提示词填空（约40%）——主要考查冠词、介词、连词、代词、固定搭配。2026年预计会加大语篇连贯性和长难句分析的考查，单纯靠语法规则将难以应对。本专题通过50道精选题目，系统训练有提示和无提示两种题型，帮助考生掌握“三步填空法”。
一线教师观察·来自课堂的真实困惑
我教了十几年毕业班，发现学生在语篇填空上的困惑集中在：
• 有提示词时，不知道要变什么形式（时态、语态、非谓语、词性）。
• 无提示词时，不知道填冠词还是介词还是连词，全靠蒙。
• 遇到长难句就分析不清句子结构。
其实，语篇填空有“三步填空法”：一看成分（缺主语/宾语/状语/定语），二判变化（时态/语态/词性），三查逻辑（连词/代词/固定搭配）。下面的方法是我从无数错题中总结出来的，学生用了都说“原来语篇填空有规律”。
核心策略·三步填空法
有提示词填空：看成分→判变化→填形式
• 第一步：分析句子结构，判断所填词在句中的成分（主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语）。
• 第二步：如果是动词，根据上下文时态、语态、主谓一致确定动词形式；如果是其他词，根据词性转换规律确定形式。
• 第三步：检查拼写，注意不规则动词、词尾变化等。
我的口诀：“动词看时态语态，名词单复要判断；形容词副看比较，词性转换不能乱。”
无提示词填空：看结构→判词类→定语义
• 第一步：分析句子结构，判断缺什么成分（主语、宾语、状语、定语、连接词）。
• 第二步：根据成分确定词类（冠词、介词、连词、代词、助动词）。
• 第三步：根据上下文语义和固定搭配确定具体词。
我的口诀：“缺主宾代名词，缺状语用介词；缺连接看逻辑，固定搭配要牢记。”
专项训练
A. 有提示词填空（动词时态语态·15题）
用所给动词的适当形式填空。
1. My mther ______ (be) a teacher. She ______ (wrk) in a middle schl. She ______ (g) t wrk at 7:00 every mrning.
2. Yesterday, I ______ (see) a film with my friend. It ______ (be) very interesting.
3. Listen! Smene ______ (sing) in the next rm. It ______ (sund) beautiful.
4. If it ______ (rain) tmrrw, we ______ (stay) at hme.
5. The by ______ (nt finish) his hmewrk yet. He ______ (d) it nw.
6. By the end f last year, they ______ (build) three new schls.
7. The bks ______ (sell) well and ______ (sell) ut last week.
8. A new bridge ______ (build) in ur twn next year.
9. The classrm ______ (clean) every day by the students.
10. I ______ (tell) t wait here until the teacher cmes.
11. She ______ (practice) the pian when I came in.
12. He ______ (live) in Beijing since 2010.
13. I ______ (have) breakfast already. I ______ (have) it at 7:00.
14. The film ______ (begin) when I gt t the cinema.
15. They ______ (play) ftball every Saturday afternn.
1. ___________ 2. ___________ 3. ___________ 4. ___________ 5. ___________
6. ___________ 7. ___________ 8. ___________ 9. ___________ 10. ___________
11. ___________ 12. ___________ 13. ___________ 14. ___________ 15. ___________
B. 有提示词填空（非谓语动词·10题）
用所给动词的适当形式填空。
16. I enjy ______ (read) bks in my free time.
17. She wants ______ (be) a dctr when she grws up.
18. He spent tw hurs ______ (finish) the wrk.
19. I heard smene ______ (cry) in the next rm.
20. The teacher tld us ______ (nt talk) in class.
21. My watch needs ______ (repair). It desn't wrk.
22. They decided ______ (g) camping next weekend.
23. I'm lking frward t ______ (hear) frm yu.
24. The by is ld enugh ______ (g) t schl.
25. She culdn't help ______ (laugh) when she heard the jke.
16. ___________ 17. ___________ 18. ___________ 19. ___________ 20. ___________
21. ___________ 22. ___________ 23. ___________ 24. ___________ 25. ___________
C. 有提示词填空（词性转换·10题）
用所给词的适当形式填空。
26. He is a ______ (care) student. He des everything ______ (careful).
27. The stry is very ______ (interest). I'm ______ (interest) in it.
28. Spring is ______ (warm) than winter.
29. This is the ______ (gd) mvie I have ever seen.
30. She is ______ (tall) f the tw sisters.
31. My brther is a ______ (success) businessman. He runs his business ______ (success).
32. I felt ______ (happy) because I lst my wallet.
33. The ______ (excite) children jumped with jy.
34. It's ______ (plite) t talk ludly in public.
35. He is ______ (frty) years ld. Tday is his ______ (frty) birthday.
26. ___________ 27. ___________ 28. ___________ 29. ___________ 30. ___________
31. ___________ 32. ___________ 33. ___________ 34. ___________ 35. ___________
D. 无提示词填空（冠词·介词·连词·代词·固定搭配·10题）
在空白处填入一个适当的词。
36. I have ______ gd friend. His name is Tm. He is ______ American by.
37. He usually ges t schl ______ bike, but tday he came ______ his father's car.
38. She is interested ______ music. She wants t be ______ musician.
39. The meeting will begin ______ 9:00 ______ Mnday mrning.
40. He is tired, ______ he keeps wrking. ______ he is yung, he knws a lt.
41. There is ______ interesting bk n the desk. ______ bk is abut space.
42. I will call yu ______ I arrive in Beijing.
43. ______ yu wrk hard, yu will pass the exam.
44. This is the huse ______ I lived ten years ag.
45. I dn't knw ______ he will cme r nt.
36. ___________ 37. ___________ 38. ___________ 39. ___________ 40. ___________
41. ___________ 42. ___________ 43. ___________ 44. ___________ 45. ___________
E. 篇章综合训练（3篇，共15题）
Passage 1
My name is Li Hua. I'm (46)______ student frm China. I live (47)______ Beijing with my parents. I have (48)______ (be) in this city fr ten years. I like (49)______ (read) bks in my free time. My favrite subject is English. I think it's (50)______ (interest). I want (51)______ (be) a teacher when I grw up.
46. ___________ 47. ___________ 48. ___________ 49. ___________ 50. ___________ 51. ___________
Passage 2
Last weekend, I (52)______ (g) t the park with my family. The sun (53)______ (shine) brightly. We (54)______ (have) a picnic under a big tree. While we (55)______ (eat), a little dg came t us. It (56)______ (lk) hungry. We gave it sme fd. It (57)______ (be) very happy. We (58)______ (enjy) urselves a lt.
52. ___________ 53. ___________ 54. ___________ 55. ___________ 56. ___________ 57. ___________ 58. ___________
Passage 3
Dear Tm,
I'm glad (59)______ (receive) yur letter. I'm srry I didn't answer (60)______ (early) because I was busy. I'm lking frward t (61)______ (see) yu sn. Please write t me (62)______ yu have time.
Yurs,
Li Hua
59. ___________ 60. ___________ 61. ___________ 62. ___________
三轮冲刺·教师备考锦囊
1. “三步填空法”实战演练：每次做语篇填空，都让学生按“看成分→判变化→填形式”三步走，不跳步。
2. “有提示词”分类训练：将提示词分为动词、名词、形容词副词、数词等类别，每类专项训练，强化词形变化规律。
3. “无提示词”语境分析：教会学生从上下文逻辑判断填什么词（并列、转折、因果、指代）。
4. “长难句”断句训练：选取语篇填空中的长难句，教学生划分句子成分，找出主干，提高理解能力。
5. “高频搭配”卡片记忆：让学生把常见的固定搭配（lk frward t, be interested in）做成卡片，每天背诵。
6. 错题归因卡片：让学生把错题按类型（时态错误、非谓语错误、词性转换错误、固定搭配错误）分类，考前反复看。
7. 最后叮嘱：考前两周，每天做一篇语篇填空，保持手感。做完后一定要分析错题原因，写出解题思路。
✨ 冲刺寄语：语篇填空是中考英语的“语法综合演练场”。掌握“三步填空法”，你就能在语篇中游刃有余！愿你和你的学生都能在最后关头，把这部分变成最稳定的得分区！
参考答案与三步填空法点睛
A篇（1-15）：1. is; wrks; ges 2. saw; was 3. is singing; sunds 4. rains; will stay 5. hasn't finished; is ding 6. had built 7. sell; were sld 8. will be built 9. is cleaned 10. was tld 11. was practicing 12. has lived 13. have had; had 14. had begun 15. play
B篇（16-25）：16. reading 17. t be 18. finishing 19. crying 20. nt t talk 21. repairing/t be repaired 22. t g 23. hearing 24. t g 25. laughing
C篇（26-35）：26. careful; carefully 27. interesting; interested 28. warmer 29. best 30. taller 31. successful; successfully 32. unhappy 33. excited 34. implite 35. frty; frtieth
D篇（36-45）：36. a; an 37. by; in 38. in; a 39. at; n 40. but; Thugh/Althugh 41. an; The 42. as sn as/when 43. If 44. where 45. whether
E篇（46-62）：46. a 47. in 48. been 49. reading 50. interesting 51. t be 52. went 53. was shining 54. had 55. were eating 56. lked 57. was 58. enjyed 59. t receive 60. earlier 61. seeing 62. if/when