中考英语二轮专题复习 专题十九：完形填空（解题技巧+专项训练）

这是一份中考英语二轮专题复习 专题十九：完形填空（解题技巧+专项训练），共7页。
考情分析·近三年命题趋势
完形填空是中考英语的必考题型，通常为一篇200-300词的短文，设10-15空，分值占比10%-15%。2023-2025年全国各地市真题卷显示，命题特点为：① 体裁多样（记叙文为主，夹叙夹议、说明文为辅）；② 考点分布（动词及短语辨析约30%，名词约25%，形容词副词约20%，连词介词约15%，代词约10%）；③ 能力要求（上下文逻辑推理、词汇复现、固定搭配、语法知识）。本专题按解题技巧分层，帮助考生掌握完形填空的解题策略。
考点一：解题步骤与技巧
方法点拨：
① 通读全文，把握大意：跳过空格快速阅读，了解文章主题和体裁，注意首尾句。
② 逐题分析，上下求索：根据上下文逻辑、词汇复现、固定搭配、语法知识选择最佳答案。
③ 复读全文，检查验证：将所选答案代入文中，检查是否通顺合理。
考点二：上下文逻辑推理
方法点拨：
① 根据上下文的提示（原词复现、同义词、反义词）推断答案。
② 注意逻辑关系词（but, hwever, s, because, and, r等）提示的语义转折、因果、并列等。
基础巩固（逻辑关系词）
1. I wanted t g ut t play, ______ it began t rain heavily.
A. and B. s C. but D. r
2. He wrked very hard, ______ he gt gd grades.
A. but B. s C. because D. althugh
3. She was very tired, ______ she kept wrking.
A. and B. s C. but D. r
4. I didn't g t the party, ______ I was ill.
A. because B. s C. but D. r
能力提升（上下文语境）
5. The weather was very cld. ______, they still went swimming.
A. Hwever B. S C. Because D. And
6. He is very rich, ______ he is nt happy at all.
A. and B. s C. but D. r
考点三：词汇复现与同义词
方法点拨：完形填空中，前后文经常出现同一个词或其同义词、近义词、反义词，这往往是解题的关键线索。
基础巩固
7. He is a kind man. He ften ______ thers.
A. helps B. laughs at C. frgets D. dislikes
8. I like reading bks, especially ______ stries.
A. interesting B. bring C. difficult D. lng
9. The mvie was s ______ that I almst fell asleep.
A. exciting B. bring C. interesting D. wnderful
能力提升
10. The ld man is very ______. He ften gives mney t pr children.
A. generus B. mean C. lazy D. busy
考点四：固定搭配与习惯用法
方法点拨：动词短语、介词短语、习惯用语等固定搭配是完形填空的常考点，需要平时积累。
基础巩固
11. He is interested ______ playing ftball.
A. in B. n C. at D. fr
12. I lk frward t ______ frm yu sn.
A. hear B. hearing C. heard D. hears
13. She spends tw hurs ______ her hmewrk every day.
A. d B. t d C. ding D. des
14. We shuld try ur best t ______ the peple in need.
A. help B. helping C. helped D. helps
能力提升
15. The teacher tld us ______ play n the street.
A. dn't B. nt t C. t nt D. nt
考点五：语法知识
方法点拨：完形填空也会考查时态、语态、主谓一致、非谓语动词等语法知识。
基础巩固
16. I ______ a letter frm my friend yesterday.
A. receive B. received C. have received D. will receive
17. There ______ a bk and tw pens n the desk.
A. is B. are C. have D. has
18. Neither he nr I ______ interested in the mvie.
A. am B. is C. are D. be
19. The cake ______ by my mther yesterday.
A. made B. was made C. is made D. makes
能力提升
20. If it ______ tmrrw, we will stay at hme.
A. rain B. rains C. will rain D. rained
完形填空篇章练习（一）记叙文
I still remember my first day at schl. I was very nervus because I didn't knw anyne. My mther tk me t the classrm and then she left. I felt s (21)______ that I almst cried. Then a girl came t me and said, "Hi, I'm Lucy. What's yur name?" I tld her my name and she (22)______ me t play with her. Sn we became gd friends. Frm that day n, I was never (23)______ at schl. Lucy was very kind and helpful. She always (24)______ me with my hmewrk. Nw we are still best friends. I'm really (25)______ t have such a gd friend.
21. A. happy B. sad C. excited D. tired
22. A. invited B. frced C. asked D. tld
23. A. lnely B. alne C. happy D. busy
24. A. helped B. helps C. helping D. t help
25. A. lucky B. unlucky C. srry D. wrried
完形填空篇章练习（二）说明文 D yu knw hw t keep healthy? Here are sme tips fr yu. First, yu shuld eat a balanced diet. Eat mre vegetables and fruit, and (26)______ less junk fd. Secnd, exercise is very imprtant. Yu shuld exercise at (27)______ three times a week. It can make yu strng. Third, get enugh sleep. If yu dn't have enugh sleep, yu will feel (28)______ in the daytime. Finally, remember t drink enugh water. Water helps yur bdy wrk (29)______. If yu fllw these tips, yu will have a (30)______ bdy.
26. A. eat B. t eat C. eating D. ate
27. A. last B. first C. least D. mst
28. A. tired B. happy C. excited D. relaxed
29. A. gd B. well C. bad D. badly
30. A. weak B. healthy C. ill D. sick
完形填空篇章练习（三）夹叙夹议
Once upn a time, there was a little girl named Mary. She lived in a small village. One day, she fund a beautiful butterfly in the garden. The butterfly was (31)______ in a spider web. Mary carefully freed it. The butterfly was s (32)______ that it flew arund her and then left. The next day, the butterfly returned with many ther butterflies. They all flew arund Mary, (33)______ her very happy. Frm then n, Mary knew that helping thers wuld bring (34)______ t herself. She decided t (35)______ kind t everyne she met.
31. A. trapped B. flying C. sleeping D. eating
32. A. sad B. grateful C. angry D. tired
33. A. making B. made C. t make D. makes
34. A. sadness B. happiness C. truble D. luck
35. A. be B. is C. are D. being
参考答案
考点二：1-5 C B C A A 6 C
考点三：7-10 A A B A
考点四：11-15 A B C A B
考点五：16-20 B A A B B
篇章一：21-25 B A A A A
篇章二：26-30 A C A B B
篇章三：31-35 A B A B A
教学建议
1. 按技巧分类训练：将完形填空的考点分解为上下文逻辑、词汇复现、固定搭配、语法知识等，每个技巧先讲解再练习，最后综合训练。
2. 强调上下文联系：提醒学生不要孤立看空格，要结合前后句甚至全文理解。遇到生词可通过上下文推测。
3. 培养语篇意识：通读全文把握主旨是第一步，选择答案后一定要代入检查是否通顺。
4. 错题归因：引导学生将错误按原因分类（如逻辑理解错误、固定搭配不熟、词汇不认识），针对性弥补。
5. 限时训练：完形填空通常要求10-12分钟完成一篇，平时要训练速度。
亲爱的同学，完形填空是阅读与语法的结合体，既考理解又考基础。掌握技巧，多加练习，你一定能攻克这个题型！中考在即，愿你沉着应战，满分到手！