2025届北京市第十一中学高三下学期三模英语试题（解析版）

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第一节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Hair was nce my biggest cncern. While my classmates had lng, silky hair dwn their backs, my hair was shrt and curly. I was quite ____1____.
“Yur hair desn’t define yu. It is beautiful,” my mther wuld try t cmfrt me.
Hwever, her ____2____ did little t calm me. Why culdn’t I have lng hair like everyne else? I n lnger wanted t stand ut. I wanted t ____3____ and be accepted.
It wasn’t that I hated my hair, but rather I believed thers did. I was afraid it wuld be regarded ugly by my classmates. I als wrried if they learned I wre extensins (接发), I wuld be ____4____. This was an nging struggle that I kept secret. At schl, I faced lts f questins abut my hair. “Des yur hair even grw? Are thse extensins r yur real hair?”
In tenth grade, I ____5____. I realized I had tw ptins. I culd either believe my classmates were truly ____6____ r cnsider the questins as judgments. Actually, their ____7____ didn’t matter. I culd chse nt t base my happiness n what I believed thers thught f me, but n my wn ____8____.
Over the next tw years, I pushed myself ut f my cmfrt zne and engaged in varius schl r scial activities, where I was surrunded by different peple. Wearing my ____9____ hair, I made it my missin t stand ut. I develped int a mre cnfident persn.
I n lnger live my life limited by what I believe thers think f me. I dn’t hide behind extensins and if I chse t wear them I d s ____10____ and am n lnger secretive. Nw, I wear my hair and live my life hwever I desire.
1. A. thrilledB. surprisedC. cnfusedD. embarrassed
2. A. decisinB. supprtC. answerD. expectatin
3. A. fit inB. get aheadC. reach utD. mve n
4. A. stppedB. challengedC. defeatedD. judged
5. A. struggledB. explredC. changedD. hesitated
6. A. curiusB. helpfulC. awkwardD. trubled
7. A. pininsB. cncernsC. explanatinsD. descriptins
8. A. galsB. skillsC. standardsD. strengths
9. A. silkyB. messyC. stylishD. natural
10. A. eagerlyB. prudlyC. hpefullyD. seriusly
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. A 4. D 5. C 6. A 7. A 8. C 9. D 10. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者曾经为了融入同学，选择戴假发来遮掩自己的头发，后来作者变得自信了，开始接受自己，不再遮遮掩掩。
【1题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很尴尬。A. thrilled激动的；B. surprised惊讶的；C. cnfused困惑的；D. embarrassed尴尬的。根据上文“Hair was nce my biggest cncern. While my classmates had lng, silky hair dwn their backs, my hair was shrt and curly.(头发曾经是我最关心的问题。我的同学都是长长的、柔滑的头发，而我的头发是短而卷曲的)”可知，作者因为自己的头发而尴尬。故选D。
【2题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，她的支持并没有让我平静下来。A. decisin决定；B. supprt支持；C. answer回答；D. expectatin期待。根据上文“Yur hair desn’t define yu. It is beautiful(你的头发不能定义你。它很美)”可知，母亲支持作者。故选B。
【3题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我想融入并被接受。A. fit in融入；B. get ahead取得成功；C. reach ut伸出手；D. mve n前进。根据后文“and be accepted”可知，作者想要融入同学，被接受。故选A。
【4题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我还担心，如果他们知道我戴了假发，会对我评头论足。A. stpped停止；B. challenged挑战；C. defeated击败；D. judged评判，判断。根据上文“I als wrried if they learned I wre extensins, I wuld be”以及后文“This was an nging struggle that I kept secret.(这是一场我一直保密的斗争)”可知，作者担心同学知道自己带了假发会评判自己，后文“cnsider the questins as judgments”也是提示。故选D。
【5题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：十年级时，我变了。A. struggled努力；B. explred探索；C. changed改变；D. hesitated犹豫。根据后文“I realized I had tw ptins. I culd either believe my classmates were truly ____6____ r cnsider the questins as judgments.”可知，作者十年级对自己的头发的看法发生了改变。故选C。
【6题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我要么相信我的同学们真的很好奇，要么把这些问题当作判断。A. curius好奇的；B. helpful有用的；C. awkward尴尬的；D. trubled不安的。根据上文“Des yur hair even grw? Are thse extensins r yur real hair?(你的头发还会长吗？这是接发还是你的真头发？)”以及后文“r cnsider the questins”可知，同学对作者的头发有很多疑问，说明是好奇的。故选A。
【7题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实上，他们的意见并不重要。A. pinins意见；B. cncerns担心；C. explanatins解释；D. descriptins描述。根据上文“At schl, I faced lts f questins abut my hair. “Des yur hair even grw? Are thse extensins r yur real hair?”(在学校，我面对很多关于头发的问题。“你的头发还长吗？这是假发还是你的真头发？”)”可知，此处指同学对于作者头发表的意见。故选A。
【8题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我可以选择不把我的幸福建立在别人对我的看法上，而是建立在我自己的标准上。A. gals目标；B. skills技能；C. standards标准；D. strengths优点。根据上文“I culd chse nt t base my happiness n what I believed thers thught f me, but n my wn”可知，作者不再看重别人的意见，即选择不把幸福建立在别人对自己的看法上，而是建立在自己的标准上。故选C。
【9题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：留着我天生的头发，我把脱颖而出作为自己的使命。A. silky丝绸的；B. messy混乱的；C. stylish时髦的；D. natural天生的。根据后文“I develped int a mre cnfident persn. I n lnger live my life limited by what I believe thers think f me.(我成长为一个更自信的人。我的生活不再局限于别人对我的看法)”可知，作者变得更自信了，说明不再戴假发，留着自己天生的头发。故选D。
【10题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我不会躲在假发后面，如果我选择戴假发，我会骄傲地戴，不再遮遮掩掩。A. eagerly渴望地；B. prudly骄傲地；C. hpefully有希望地；D. seriusly严肃地。根据上文“I dn’t hide behind extensins and if I chse t wear them I d s”以及后文“Nw, I wear my hair and live my life hwever I desire.(现在，我梳着我的头发，过着我想要的生活)”可知，作者变得自信，不会躲在假发后面，即使选择戴假发，也会骄傲地戴，不再遮遮掩掩。故选B。
第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
My wallet tells the whle stry f China’s payment revlutin. When I left the U. S. fr Beijing in late 2008, my wallet ____11____ (pack) with cash and credit cards. Back then, hailing a taxi r buying grceries meant cunting bills r swiping cards. Tday, my smartphne ____12____ (handle) everything — frm scanning QR cdes at street markets t sharing restaurant bills, even ____13____ (pay) rent. China’s transfrmatin int a cashless sciety hasn’t just altered daily life here; it’s redefining glbal standards fr digital payments.
【答案】11. was packed
12. handles
13. paying
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要结合作者个人经历说明了钱包见证中国支付变革，智能手机如今处理一切支付。
【11题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：2008 年末，当我离开美国前往北京时，我的钱包里装满了现金和信用卡。主语wallet与谓语动词pack构成被动关系，且根据上文in late 2008可知为一般过去时的被动语态，故填was packed。
【12题详解】
考查时态。句意：如今，我的智能手机无所不能——无论是扫描街边市场的二维码，还是分享餐厅账单，甚至支付房租，它都能搞定。根据上文Tday可知，谓语动词handle为一般现在时，主语为smartphne，谓语用三单形式。故填handles。
【13题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：如今，我的智能手机无所不能——无论是扫描街边市场的二维码，还是分享餐厅账单，甚至支付房租，它都能搞定。even连接并列结构，与动名词scanning、sharing并列，pay用动名词形式。故填paying。
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
In the quiet crner f the animal clinic, Dr. Emily Carter knelt beside Thunder, a rescue dg with a badly injured leg. ____14____ (ease) his pain, she reached fr a small jar cntaining a thick paste — a mixture made frm Angelica sinensis (当归). “This is ____15____ ancient wisdm meets mdern care,” she murmured, carefully applying the herbal remedy ____16____ Thunder’s wund. Day by day, her cwrkers, ____17____ (shck) by Thunder’s rapid recvery, fell silent. Their initial skepticism was drwned by the amazing results.
【答案】14. T ease
15. where 16. t
17. shcked
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了艾米丽医生用当归药膏治疗受伤的救援犬桑德，其快速康复让同事震惊。
【14题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：为了减轻他的痛苦，她伸手拿了一个小罐子，里面装着一种厚厚的膏体——这是由当归草制成的混合物。此处ease作目的状语，用不定式，首字母大写。故填T ease。
【15题详解】
考查表语从句。句意：“这就是古老智慧与现代护理的完美结合之处。”她轻声说道，小心翼翼地将草药疗法涂抹在雷霆的伤口上。引导表语从句，从句缺少地点状语，用连接副词where。故填where。
【16题详解】
考查介词。句意：“这就是古老智慧与现代护理的完美结合之处。”她轻声说道，小心翼翼地将草药疗法涂抹在雷霆的伤口上。apply sth. t sth.意为 “把……涂抹到……上”。故填t。
【17题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：日复一日，被桑德快速康复所震惊的同事们渐渐沉默下来。此处shck与cwrkers构成逻辑被动关系，故用过去分词作定语，故填shcked。
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Over the past decade, campaigners, supprted by envirnmental studies, ____18____ (encurage) us t buy lcal fds. This reduces “fd miles,” ____19____ refers t the distance fd travels frm prducer t retailer. They argue that the higher the fd miles, the greater the carbn emissins. Therefre, buying lcal fd has a ____20____ (lw) carbn ftprint and is mre envirnmentally friendly. Hwever, the truth is mre cmplex. We trust cnsider the entire farming prcess, including factrs like fertilizatin and irrigatin, nt merely transprtatin.
【答案】18. have encuraged
19. which 20. lwer
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了过去十年活动家鼓励买本地食品以减少碳足迹，但真相是需考虑整个农作过程。
【18题详解】
考查时态。句意：在过去十年里，环保研究机构的支持下，环保活动人士鼓励我们购买本地农产品。作谓语，根据上文Over the past decade可知为现在完成时，主语为campaigners，助动词用have。故填have encuraged。
【19题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这减少了“食品里程”，该概念指的是食物从生产者到零售商之间的运输距离。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词fd miles，在从句作主语，指物，故填which。
【20题详解】
考查比较级。句意：因此，购买本地食品的碳排放量更低，也更有利于环保。根据后文mre envirnmentally friendly可知此处用比较级lwer作定语。故填lwer。
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，38分）
第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Thank yu fr purchasing “SmartLife Cmpanin”! This electrnic gadget is designed t be easy t use and can perfrm a variety f tasks t make yur life easier.
Getting Started
T begin using the device, make sure it is fully charged. Yu can d this by cnnecting it t a pwer surce with the included charging cable. Once the device is charged, press the pwer buttn t turn it n.
Using the Tuchscreen
The device features a high-reslutin tuchscreen that allws yu t easily navigate thrugh menus and access different features. T interact with the tuchscreen, simply tap r swipe yur finger n the screen.
Navigatin
T navigate thrugh menus and apps, use yur finger t swipe left r right. T select an ptin, simply tap n it. Yu can als use the n-screen back buttn t return t the previus screen.
Features
The device includes a variety f features that can help yu accmplish a wide range f tasks. Here are sme f the mst useful features:
Email: Use the built-in email app t send and receive email messages.
Calendar: Keep track f yur schedule with the included calendar app.
Camera: Capture phts and vides with the high-quality built-in camera
Music: Play yur favrite sngs and playlists with the built-in music player.
Custmizatin
Yu can custmize the device t suit yur preferences by changing settings such as the wallpaper, language, and sund effects. T access the settings menu, swipe dwn frm the tp f the screen and tap n the gear icn.
Cnclusin
We hpe this manual has been helpful in getting yu started with yur new electrnic gadget. If yu have any questins r cncerns, please dn’t hesitate t cntact ur custmer supprt team fr assistance.
21. What can yu d with the device’s tuchscreen?
A. Send and receive email messages.B. Take phts and vides.
C. Navigate thrugh menus and apps.D. Play music and pdcasts.
22. Yu can custmize SmartLife Cmpanin by ________.
A. adding custm ringtnesB. selecting a different gear icn
C. changing the fnt size and clrD. changing the wallpaper and sund effects
23. The writer’s main purpse in writing the passage is t ________.
A. express sincere appreciatin t the users
B. instruct the users hw t perate the device
C. attract the cnsumers t purchase the device
D. shw the device’s features t the cnsumers
【答案】21. C 22. D 23. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要讲述了“SmartLife Cmpanin”设备的使用指南。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据Using the Tuchscreen部分中“The device features a high-reslutin tuchscreen that allws yu t easily navigate thrugh menus and access different features.(该设备配备高分辨率触摸屏，可让您轻松浏览菜单并访问不同功能)”可知，触摸屏主要功能是“浏览菜单和应用程序”。故选C。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据Custmizatin部分中“Yu can custmize the device t suit yur preferences by changing settings such as the wallpaper, language, and sund effects.(您可以通过更改壁纸、语言和音效等设置来自定义设备，以满足您的偏好)”可知，自定义功能包括更改壁纸和音效。故选D。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。文章从“Getting Started(开始使用)”、“Using the Tuchscreen(使用触摸屏)”、“Navigatin(导航)”、“Features(功能)”到“Custmizatin(自定义)”等部分，详细介绍了如何操作和使用“SmartLife Cmpanin”设备。因此，作者的主要目的是指导用户如何操作该设备。故选B。
B
I was walking hme when a well-dressed man plitely stpped me. “Culd yu tell me which way t Blr and…” He struggled t get the next wrd ut with a pained lk, but I knew better than t finish his sentence fr him. “… Bathurst?” he said after several secnds f trying. When I answered, he tld me that he didn’t actually need t knw. He was practising stuttering (口吃) penly, he explained, hping t becme mre cnfident ding s arund strangers.
“Are yu ding that because it’s Natinal Stuttering Awareness Day?” I asked with excitement, eager t cnnect with ther stutterers. When he asked hw I knew that, I said I grew up with a stutter. He ndded, asking hpefully: “S yur stutter has magically disappeared?” I paused. I understd why he assumed this — I sunded quite fluent. But even as we spke, my stutter had influenced my speech, and that’s why I’d misnamed Internatinal as Natinal t avid the tricky frnt sund that I cntinue t struggle with.
Data shws fur percent f all children stutter, while nly ne percent f them stutter int adulthd-a 75 percent drp. But are the suppsed ex-stutters cmpletely free f their stuttering past? Actually, thugh the severity f my stutter has decreased with age, it has shaped my identity and affected my life tremendusly, infrming the way that I speak, interact and mve arund in the wrld.
Sme define stutter as a disability because it is as cnstant and ut f cntrl as blindness r ther disabilities. There’s n pill, n surgery, n way t get rid f it, n “recvering” frm it. But there is recvering frm the shame and self-hatred that result frm it. Sme researchers have begun t argue that treatment fr stutter shuldn’t be centered arund remving a persn’s stutter, but rather n reducing ne’s negative thughts and behavirs surrunding it.
As fr me, I’d say that my stutter has nt “magically disappeared” because I’ve simply fund ways t cnceal (隐藏) it. But I have a better therapy nw-I will grw alngside it, an identity inseparable frm the way that I speak. Thinking abut this, I decided t tell the man, wh was still lking at me hpefully: “______.”
24. The decent man stpped the authr because he ______.
A. lst his way and asked abut the directin
B. was very eager t cnnect with ther stutterers
C. wanted t be braver when talking t unfamiliar peple
D. was practising giving speeches fluently in pen ccasins
25. Why did the authr misname the Internatinal as Natinal in paragraph 2?
A Because he misremembered the name f this day.
B. Because the Natinal versin is mre familiar t peple.
C. Because it is quite difficult fr him t make the sund “inter”.
D. Because as a stutter, he can’t prnunce the wrd “internatinal”.
26. What might be the authr’s answer in the last paragraph?
A. Yes. I have gt rid f stutter by develping a mre psitive attitude twards life.
B. N. There is n recvering frm stutter and I have simply fund ways t cnceal it.
C. Yes. As I grw lder, I rarely stutter nw and peple arund me dn’t knw I stuttered.
D. N. I will always live with stutter because it is als apart f me and I gladly accept that.
27. What’s the best title fr this passage?
A. My stutter, myselfB. New definitins fr stutter
C. Stutter, a life-changing disabilityD. A special encunter with stutterers
【答案】24. C 25. C 26. D 27. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者遇到一个穿着考究的男人来问路，虽然有口吃，但是男人阻止了作者的接话，因为他想在与陌生人交谈时更勇敢一些。这让作者想到了自己曾经也有口吃，但是作者选择了让口吃成为自己的一部分。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“He was practising stuttering (口吃) penly, he explained, hping t becme mre cnfident ding s arund strangers.(他解释说，他正在公开练习口吃，希望能在陌生人面前更自信)”可知，这个体面的男人阻止了作者，因为他想在与陌生人交谈时更勇敢一些。故选C。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“But even as we spke, my stutter had influenced my speech, and that’s why I’d misnamed Internatinal as Natinal t avid the tricky frnt sund that I cntinue t struggle with.(但就在我们说话的时候，我的口吃已经影响了我的发音，这就是为什么我把“国际”误称为“国家”，以避免我一直在努力解决的棘手的前音)”可知，internatinal与natinal区别在于inter，即，作者在第2段把“国际”误称为“国家”是因为他发“inter”这个音很困难。故选C。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段问题“But are the suppsed ex-stutters cmpletely free f their stuttering past? (但是这些所谓前口吃者是否完全摆脱了口吃的过去呢？)”及最后一段“As fr me, I’d say that my stutter has nt “magically disappeared” because I’ve simply fund ways t cnceal (隐藏) it. But I have a better therapy nw-I will grw alngside it, an identity inseparable frm the way that I speak.(至于我，我想说我的口吃并没有“神奇地消失”，因为我只是找到了隐藏它的方法。但我现在有了更好的治疗方法——我将与它一起成长，一种与我说话方式密不可分的身份)”可知，作者在最后一段的答案可能是：没有。我将永远带着口吃生活，因为它也是我的一部分，我很高兴地接受这一点。故选D。
【27题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“As fr me, I’d say that my stutter has nt “magically disappeared” because I’ve simply fund ways t cnceal (隐藏) it. But I have a better therapy nw-I will grw alngside it, an identity inseparable frm the way that I speak.(至于我，我想说我的口吃并没有“神奇地消失”，因为我只是找到了隐藏它的方法。但我现在有了更好的治疗方法——我将与它一起成长，一种与我说话方式密不可分的身份)”结合文章讲述了作者遇到一个穿着考究的男人来问路，虽然有口吃，但是男人阻止了作者的接话，因为他想在与陌生人交谈时更勇敢一些。这让作者想到了自己曾经也有口吃，但是作者选择了让口吃成为自己的一部分。可知，A选项“我的口吃——我的一部分”最符合文章标题。故选A。
C
The Canadian philspher Charles Taylr has described ur times as the “Age f Authenticity,” meaning an era when peple are willing t publicize their secrets and indulge (放纵) their urges, even if such a drive fr persnal truth crsses traditinal bundaries f self-cntrl. Once, this type f exhibitinism was the preserve f a few celebrities, but nw anybdy can get in n the act, such as the self-disclsure n scial media.
But the “Age f Authenticity” des nt seem t have made us happier. Quite the reverse. One pssible explanatin fr this paradx is that the lwering f self-cntrl is an understandable but significant errr in ur cllective thinking, and it takes us in exactly the wrng directin where happiness is cncerned. Understanding hw this happened can help yu be happier in yur wn life.
Frm a psychlgical perspective, tw brain systems gvern self-management: the behaviral activatin system, which drives reward-seeking, and the behaviral inhibitin system, which avids punishment. When activatin rises r inhibitin falls, self-cntrl decreases; when inhibitin rises r activatin falls, self-cntrl increases.
S which cmbinatin makes us happier verall — mre f the behaviral activatin system and less f the behaviral inhibitin system, r the ther way arund? The answer is bth. A team f eight psychlgists shwed this in a 2018 study n self-cntrl in the Jurnal f Persnality. The team fielded a series f undergraduate surveys. The researchers fund that lw levels f self-cntrl were assciated with the lwest levels f subjective well-being. Mving t a higher level f self-cntrl increased the undergraduates’ happiness. Interestingly, the researchers als discvered a cmplete lack f self-cntrl was assciated with slightly higher mmentary well-being, which might lead t negative scial cnsequences fr thers.
Fr yur wn well-being, and everyne’s, increasing self-cntrl might be much better than lwering it. If yu want t increase yur self-cntrl, be aware f the frces arund yu that may lwer the activity f the inhibitin system in yur brain and thus push yu tward lwer self-cntrl, such as annymity (匿名), and scial pwer. If yu’re seeking t bst yur self-cntrl, shun any scial media frum where yur identity is hidden. If yu pssess an ability t publish material that many ther peple will read, see, r hear, yu shuld ask yurself whether yur desire t attract and retain an audience is leading yu t abandn yur privacy.
Aristtle nce wrte that “virtues are frmed in a man by his ding the actins.” One imprtant chice we have is t behave with either cntrlled grace r uncntrlled entitlement. Neither ptin is in reality mre authentic than the ther because, in becming wh we are thrugh ur chices, bth paths are equally authentic; bth embdy wh we’ve chsen t be as peple. But nly ne path, that f cntrlled grace, leads t greater happiness fr ne and all.
28. “Age f Authenticity” means ______.
A. a perid when peple exercise less self-cntrl
B. an era characterized by a return t traditinal values
C. a time when privacy f persnal truth is encuraged
D. an age where crssing traditinal bundaries are urged
29. Frm the passage, we learn that ______.
A. enhancing inhibitin may imprve lng-term well-being
B. increased activatin leads t higher mmentary happiness
C. activatin prmtes reward-seeking by aviding punishment
D. lwering self-management triggers negative scial cnsequences
30. Peple can imprve self-cntrl by ______.
A. maintaining privacy by reducing nline presence
B. emplying scial pwer t gain ppularity nline
C. embracing annymity when brwsing public frums
D. taking respnsibility fr what they pst n scial media
【答案】28. A 29. A 30. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了加拿大哲学家提出“本真时代”人们少自控，研究表明提升自控力能增幸福感，呼吁以自控获更多快乐。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“The Canadian philspher Charles Taylr has described ur times as the “Age f Authenticity,” meaning an era when peple are willing t publicize their secrets and indulge (放纵) their urges, even if such a drive fr persnal truth crsses traditinal bundaries f self-cntrl.(加拿大哲学家查尔斯·泰勒将我们所处的时代描述为“本真时代”，意指这是一个人们愿意公开自己的秘密、放纵自己的欲望的时代，即便这种追求个人真实性的冲动会突破传统的自我控制界限)”可知，“本真时代”指人们减少自控、放纵冲动的时期。故选A。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“when inhibitin rises r activatin falls, self-cntrl increases(当抑制上升或激活下降时，自我控制能力就会增强)”和第四段“The researchers fund that lw levels f self-cntrl were assciated with the lwest levels f subjective well-being. Mving t a higher level f self-cntrl increased the undergraduates’ happiness.(研究人员发现，自我控制能力较弱的人主观幸福感最低。而提高自我控制能力则能提升大学生的幸福感)”可知，增强抑制能力（自我控制能力就会增强）可能会提升长期的幸福感。故选A。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“If yu’re seeking t bst yur self-cntrl, shun any scial media frum where yur identity is hidden. If yu pssess an ability t publish material that many ther peple will read, see, r hear, yu shuld ask yurself whether yur desire t attract and retain an audience is leading yu t abandn yur privacy.(如果你想提升自我控制能力，就远离那些隐藏个人身份的社交媒体平台。如果你有能力发布他人会阅读、看到或听到的内容，你应该问问自己，你吸引并留住受众的欲望是否导致你放弃了个人隐私)”可知，人们可以通过对自己在社交媒体上发布的内容负责来增强自我控制能力。故选D。
D
Art has always ccupied a special place in sciety. Many peple cnsider artists t be the ultimate authrities n the nature and expressin f beauty. Fr much f histry, the practice f art was mysterius, and artists were viewed as being smewhat dd and ften mad. Even the wrd mst cmmnly assciated with artists — inspiratin — has its wn magical qualities. Literally, “inspiratin” is the breathing in f a spirit. Artists were thught f as peple wh were uniquely inspired t create.
Of curse, artists themselves cntributed t this myth. “Many artists credited their talents t the presence f sme paranrmal pwer.” Whle mvements f art have centered n the suppsedly therwrldly nature f art. Fr example, the Rmantic pets believed that art was a term that meant an ultimate expressin f beauty and truth. The search fr this ideal led them t explre bth natural and divine themes in their wrks.
Anther persistent view f art regarded its divrce frm lgic. Reasn and lgic were the prvince f scientists and philsphers, whereas creativity and insight were the area f the artists. The tw separate aspects f the mind were suppsed t remain distinct.
But in 1704 a majr breakthrugh ccurred. Sir Isaac Newtn, mathematician and physicist, published his study f light, Opticks. One f Newtn’s majr discveries was n the nature f clr. Using a prism (棱镜), Newtn fund that white light is actually cmpsed f all the clrs f the rainbw. He even prvided a scientific explanatin fr the presence f rainbws. The artistic cmmunity was shcked. A scientist had taken a beautiful and magical experience and reduced it t the simple refractin f beams f light thrugh the prism f a raindrp. A scientist had ventured int their sacred territry.
Mre than a hundred years later, Jhn Keats, ne f the mst famus Rmantic pets, accused Newtn f reducing beauty by “unweaving the rainbw.” His clleague, Samuel Taylr Cleridge, famusly remarked that the suls f five hundred Newtns wuld be needed t make ne Shakespeare. And yet, frm anther perspective, Newtn did nt reduce the beauty f the rainbw; he enhanced it. In his search t uncver the secrets f the rainbw, Newtn demnstrated the wnder, creativity, and inspiratin f an artist. He als gave the wrld anther pprtunity t experience the sublime (绝妙的东西). Newtn’s discvery paved the way fr the develpment f the science f spectrscpy (光谱学), a way f analyzing the chemical makeup f light. Nw scientists can lk at the stars and knw their cmpsitin. The sense f wnder this ability creates is nt much different frm the wnder the pet r artist feels when staring at thse same stars.
31. What des the wrd “paranrmal” underlined in Paragraph 2 mst prbably mean?
A. Abnrmal.B. Supernatural.C. Crazy.D. Spiritual.
32. Hw did the Rmantic pets react t Newtn’s discvery abut light and clr?
A. They credited Newtn’s insights t mystical influences.
B. They felt it faded the petic beauty f natural phenmena.
C. They were inspired t integrate mre scientific themes in their petry.
D. They believed it added a new dimensin t the appreciatin f beauty.
33. Why des the authr mentin Jhn Keats’ and Samuel Taylr Cleridge’s views n Isaac Newtn?
A. T shw that Rmantic pets bjected t scientific prgress.
B. T emphasize the superir creativity f pets ver scientists.
C. T state that Shakespeare’s knwledge f beauty was unmatched.
D. T highlight the impact f scientific discveries n artistic perceptin.
34. Which f the fllwing is the best title f the passage?
A. The Interplay f Art and Science
B. Isaac Newtn’s Influence n Arts
C. The Cntrast between Art and Lgics
D. The Artistic Interpretatin f Science
【答案】31. B 32. B 33. D 34. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了艺术与科学之间的相互作用和影响，以及历史上人们对这种关系的看法。
【31题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段中“Of curse, artists themselves cntributed t this myth. “Many artists credited their talents t the presence f sme paranrmal pwer. Whle mvements f art have centered n the suppsedly therwrldly nature f art. (当然，艺术家们自己也助长了这一神话。“许多艺术家将自己的才华归功于某种paranrmal力量的存在。”整个艺术运动都围绕着艺术所谓的超世俗本质展开)”可知，艺术家们将自己的才能归功于某种超自然力量，paranrmal意为“超自然的”。A. Abnrmal不正常的；B. Supernatural超自然的；C. Crazy疯狂的；D. Spiritual精神的。故选B。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“Sir Isaac Newtn, mathematician and physicist, published his study f light, Opticks. One f Newtn’s majr discveries was n the nature f clr. Using a prism (棱镜), Newtn fund that white light is actually cmpsed f all the clrs f the rainbw. He even prvided a scientific explanatin fr the presence f rainbws. The artistic cmmunity was shcked. A scientist had taken a beautiful and magical experience and reduced it t the simple refractin f beams f light thrugh the prism f a raindrp. A scientist had ventured int their sacred territry.(数学家兼物理学家艾萨克・牛顿爵士发表了他关于光的研究《光学》。牛顿的主要发现之一是关于颜色的本质。通过使用棱镜，牛顿发现白光实际上是由彩虹的所有颜色组成的。他甚至为彩虹的存在提供了科学解释。艺术界为之震惊。一位科学家将一种美丽而神奇的体验简化为光线通过雨滴棱镜的简单折射。一位科学家竟敢涉足他们的神圣领域)”和第五段中“Mre than a hundred years later, Jhn Keats, ne f the mst famus Rmantic pets, accused Newtn f reducing beauty by “unweaving the rainbw.” (一百多年后，著名浪漫主义诗人约翰・济慈指责牛顿通过“拆解彩虹”削弱了美)”可知，浪漫主义诗人认为牛顿关于光和颜色的发现削弱了自然现象的诗意美。故选B。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段中“Mre than a hundred years later, Jhn Keats, ne f the mst famus Rmantic pets, accused Newtn f reducing beauty by “unweaving the rainbw.” His clleague, Samuel Taylr Cleridge, famusly remarked that the suls f five hundred Newtns wuld be needed t make ne Shakespeare. And yet, frm anther perspective, Newtn did nt reduce the beauty f the rainbw; he enhanced it. In his search t uncver the secrets f the rainbw, Newtn demnstrated the wnder, creativity, and inspiratin f an artist. (一百多年后，著名浪漫主义诗人约翰・济慈指责牛顿通过“拆解彩虹”削弱了美。他的同事塞缪尔・泰勒・柯勒律治曾有名言：需要五百个牛顿的灵魂才能造就一个莎士比亚。然而，从另一个角度看，牛顿并没有削弱彩虹的美，反而增强了它。在探索彩虹奥秘的过程中，牛顿展现了艺术家般的惊奇、创造力和灵感)”可知，作者提到济慈和柯勒律治对牛顿的看法是为了强调科学发现对艺术感知的影响。故选D。
【34题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据第五段中“Mre than a hundred years later, Jhn Keats, ne f the mst famus Rmantic pets, accused Newtn f reducing beauty by “unweaving the rainbw.” His clleague, Samuel Taylr Cleridge, famusly remarked that the suls f five hundred Newtns wuld be needed t make ne Shakespeare. And yet, frm anther perspective, Newtn did nt reduce the beauty f the rainbw; he enhanced it. In his search t uncver the secrets f the rainbw, Newtn demnstrated the wnder, creativity, and inspiratin f an artist. (一百多年后，著名浪漫主义诗人约翰・济慈指责牛顿通过“拆解彩虹”削弱了美。他的同事塞缪尔・泰勒・柯勒律治曾有名言：需要五百个牛顿的灵魂才能造就一个莎士比亚。然而，从另一个角度看，牛顿并没有削弱彩虹的美，反而增强了它。在探索彩虹奥秘的过程中，牛顿展现了艺术家般的惊奇、创造力和灵感)”可知，文章主要讨论了艺术与科学之间的相互作用和影响，以及历史上人们对这种关系的看法。A选项“The Interplay f Art and Science (艺术与科学的相互作用)”最能概括文章主旨，适合作本文最佳标题。故选A。
第二节 信息还原（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
They had names such as Tm the Terrr, Dirty Face, and Bilgewater. They traveled thusands f miles n warships with histry’s saltiest sailrs. They were valued members f the crew, even issued unifrms fr phtgraphs and their wn tiny beds fr napping. They were the cats that served in the wrld’s navies.
Ship cats are nt a recent phenmenn. They have been serving n ships fr almst as lng as humans have been ging t sea. Ancient Egyptians depicted them hunting frm bats sailing dwn the Nile. ____35____
Cats’ hunting skills n land made them valuable cmpanins at sea. Rats and mice caused majr prblems n ships. ____36____ Cats were a cheap and effective slutin t these prblems — and they were als gd cmpany. On lng vyages, they culd prvide a vessel’s crew with affectin and sftness in the harsh envirnment f a ship.
Nt surprisingly, sailrs develped plenty f beliefs arund cat behavir. Seamen preparing t sail cnsidered it gd luck when cats chse t bard their vessels. ____37____ An even wrse men (预兆)? The sight f tw cats fighting n a pier culd be frewarning that thse setting sail wuld die.
Thugh cats are knwn fr their dislikes t water, their bilgy makes them surprisingly suited t life at sea. Unlike human sailrs wh drank lemn juice t prevent scurvy, cats can make their wn vitamin C. ____38____ Cats are als able t btain mst f the water they need frm their prey, s they d nt require a lt f ptable water as human sailrs d.
____39____ The lng run f the ship cat was ended by stricter internatinal quarantine laws impsed. Many cuntries required a lengthy quarantine perid fr disembarking cats. If lcal fficials caught ne sneaking ff a ship, the captain culd be fined r even placed under arrest.
A. But it was a dreadful sign indeed when a cat decided t jump ship.
B. Therefre, they can survive n a diet that lacks fruits and vegetables.
C. They plluted and cnsumed fd, chewed thrugh equipment, and spread disease.
D. And the cats made their way acrss the Mediterranean abard Greek trading vessels.
E. And in the UK, the cats supplied t the Ryal Navy even received a weekly allwance.
F. Since the beginning f the WWII, hwever, mst navies f the wrld have adpted a similar plicy.
G. Hwever, fllwing the end f the WWII, the special psitin that cats held n Navy ships began t decline.
【答案】35. D 36. C 37. A 38. B 39. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了历史上猫咪在世界海军中的角色、它们的海上生活适应性以及随着国际检疫法的严格最终导致它们从舰船上消失的现象。
【35题详解】
上文“Ancient Egyptians depicted them hunting frm bats sailing dwn the Nile. (古埃及人描绘了他们在尼罗河上乘船捕猎的情景。)”说明猫在古埃及就已经与船有了联系，空处需延续猫随人类航海的历史。D选项“And the cats made their way acrss the Mediterranean abard Greek trading vessels. (猫乘坐希腊商船穿越了地中海。)”承接上文，进一步说明猫在不同文明中的航海历程，逻辑连贯。故选D。
【36题详解】
上文“Rats and mice caused majr prblems n ships. (老鼠在船上造成了严重的问题。)”说明船上老鼠的问题很严重，空处需具体说明问题内容。C选项“They plluted and cnsumed fd, chewed thrugh equipment, and spread disease. (它们污染并消耗食物，啃咬设备，传播疾病。)”具体描述了老鼠在船上所造成的问题，与上文相呼应。故选C。
【37题详解】
上文“Seamen preparing t sail cnsidered it gd luck when cats chse t bard their vessels. (准备出航的水手们认为，当猫选择登上他们的船时，这是好运的象征。)”说明猫上船被视为好运，下文“An even wrse men (预兆)? The sight f tw cats fighting n a pier culd be frewarning that thse setting sail wuld die. (更糟糕的预兆是什么呢？看到两只猫在码头上打架可能预示着那些即将启航的人会遭遇不幸。)”列举更糟糕的预兆。A选项“But it was a dreadful sign indeed when a cat decided t jump ship. (但是，当一只猫决定跳船时，这确实是一个可怕的征兆。)”与上文形成对比，引出相反的预兆，“dreadful sign”与下文“wrse men”呼应。故选A。
【38题详解】
上文“Unlike human sailrs wh drank lemn juice t prevent scurvy, cats can make their wn vitamin C. (与喝柠檬汁以防止坏血病的人类水手不同，猫可以自己制造维生素C。)”说明猫有自我调节的能力。B选项“Therefre, they can survive n a diet that lacks fruits and vegetables. (因此，它们可以在缺乏水果和蔬菜的饮食中生存。)”是上文的结果，逻辑上构成因果关系，解释猫适应海上饮食的原因。故选B。
【39题详解】
下文“The lng run f the ship cat was ended by stricter internatinal quarantine laws impsed. (由于实施了更严格的国际检疫法，船猫的长期存在结束了。)”说明严格的国际检疫法终结了船猫的时代，空处需引出船猫地位的转折。G选项“Hwever, fllwing the end f the WWII, the special psitin that cats held n Navy ships began t decline. (然而，在二战结束后，猫在海军舰艇上的特殊地位开始下降。)”概括了下文的内容，并且与上文提到的船猫的历史地位形成对比。故选G。
第三部分 书面表达（共两节，32分）
第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
Cllecting As a Hbby
Cllecting must be ne f the mst varied f human activities, and it’s ne that many psychlgists find fascinating.
Sme peple cllect because they want t make mney. This culd be called an instrumental reasn fr cllecting. They’ll lk fr, say, antiques that they can buy cheaply and expect t sell at a prfit. But there may well be a psychlgical element, t—buying cheap and selling dear can give the cllectr a sense f achievement.
Anther mtive fr cllecting is the desire t find smething special. Sme may spend their whle lives in a hunt fr this. Psychlgically, this can give a purpse t a life that therwise feels aimless. There is a danger, thugh, that if the individual is ever lucky enugh t find what they’re lking fr, rather than celebrating their success, they may feel empty, nw that the gal that drve them n has gne.
If yu think abut cllecting pstage stamps, anther ptential reasn is its educatinal value. Stamp cllecting pens a windw t ther cuntries, and t the plants, animals, r famus peple shwn n their stamps. In the past, and nwadays, t, a ppular frm f cllecting, was trainsptting. This might invlve trying t see every lcmtive (火车头) f a particular type, using published data that identify each ne, and ticking ff each engine as it is seen. As a by-prduct, many train sptters becme very knwledgeable abut railway peratins, r the technical specificatins f different engine types.
Nt all cllectrs are interested in learning frm their hbbies. Sme peple cllect because f the need fr a sense f cntrl. Stamp cllectrs, fr instance, arrange their stamps in albums very neatly accrding t their preferred principles.
All hbbies give pleasure, but the cmmn factr in cllecting is usually passin. Cllecting can be ttally appealing, and can give a strng sense f persnal achievement. T nn-cllectrs it may appear a strange way f spending time, but ptentially, cllecting has a lt ging fr it.
40. What is the instrumental reasn fr cllecting?
41. What is the danger f hunting fr smething special as a life purpse?
42. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
➢ Cllectrs gain material and psychlgical benefits frm cllecting, but nn-cllectrs may nt see its value, s they are nt advised t have a try.
43. If yu are a cllectr, what d yu cllect? And why? (In abut 40 wrds)
【答案】40. T make mney.
41. After finding what they hunt fr, peple may feel empty and aimless rather than celebrate their success.
42. Cllectrs gain material and psychlgical benefits frm cllecting, but nn-cllectrs may nt see its value, s they are nt advised t have a try.
Accrding t the passage, t nn-cllectrs, cllecting as a hbby may seem like a strange way f spending time, but ptentially, cllecting has many psitive qualities. S cllecting is wrth trying fr nn-cllectrs.
43. (1) I cllect fridge magnets because they are my favurite suvenirs. Whenever I see them, I can recall the memrable time spent during the trips. Mrever, fridge magnets enable me t learn mre abut the typical landmarks and cultural elements f the places I have visited.
(2) I cllect car mdels because I lve cars and receive car mdels as gifts n every special ccasin, which serve as a reminder f my carefree childhd and the cherished lve frm my belved nes. Each car mdel carries a distinct tuching stry and pleasant mment during my grwth.
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了收藏是一种爱好，并说明了收藏的不同原因。
【40题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第二段“Sme peple cllect because they want t make mney. This culd be called an instrumental reasn fr cllecting.”（有些人收藏是因为他们想赚钱。这可以被称为收藏的工具性原因。）可知，收藏的工具性原因是他们想赚钱。故答案为T make mney.
【41题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第三段“There is a danger, thugh, that if the individual is ever lucky enugh t find what they’re lking fr, rather than celebrating their success, they may feel empty, nw that the gal that drve them n has gne.”（然而，有一种危险，那就是，如果一个人幸运地找到了他们想要的东西，那么他们可能会感到空虚，而不是庆祝他们的成功，因为驱使他们前进的目标已经消失了。）可知，将猎取特殊东西作为人生目标的危险是，在找到所追求的东西后，人们可能会感到空虚和漫无目的，而不是庆祝他们的成功。故答案为After finding what they hunt fr, peple may feel empty and aimless rather than celebrate their success.
【42题详解】
考查细节理解。根据最后一段“T nn-cllectrs it may appear a strange way f spending time, but ptentially, cllecting has a lt ging fr it.”（对于非收藏者来说，这似乎是一种奇怪的消磨时间的方式，但潜在的是，收藏有很多好处。）可知，对于非收藏者来说，把收藏作为一种爱好似乎是一种奇怪的消磨时间的方式，但潜在的是，收藏有许多积极的品质。因此，对于非收藏者来说，收藏是值得尝试的，所以所给句子中s they are nt advised t have a try是错误的，需要划线。故答案为Cllectrs gain material and psychlgical benefits frm cllecting, but nn-cllectrs may nt see its value, s they are nt advised t have a try.
Accrding t the passage, t nn-cllectrs, cllecting as a hbby may seem like a strange way f spending time, but ptentially, cllecting has many psitive qualities. S cllecting is wrth trying fr nn-cllectrs.
【43题详解】
开放性题目。如果我是收藏家，我收藏冰箱磁铁，因为它们是我最喜欢的纪念品。每当我看到他们，我都能回忆起旅行中度过的难忘时光。此外，冰箱磁铁使我能够更多地了解我访问过的地方的典型地标和文化元素。故答案为I cllect fridge magnets because they are my favurite suvenirs. Whenever I see them, I can recall the memrable time spent during the trips. Mrever, fridge magnets enable me t learn mre abut the typical landmarks and cultural elements f the places I have visited.
第二节 （20分）
44. 假如你是红星中学高三学生李华，你的英国好友Jim刚刚转到一个新的学校有点不适应，他来信向你求助，现在请你给他回复邮件，主要内容包括：
1．表示理解和安慰；
2．给他具体的建议。
注意：1．词数100左右；
2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jim,
I’m s srry t hear yu’re having truble adjusting t yur new schl. I knw exactly hw yu feel — starting smewhere new can be really challenging and lnely at first. Please dn’t wrry t much; it takes time t settle in.
Here are a few suggestins that might help. Firstly, try jining sme clubs r sprts teams yu’re interested in. It’s a great way t meet peple wh share yur hbbies. Besides, dn’t be afraid t start cnversatins with classmates. Mst peple are friendly and willing t talk.
Remember, things will get easier. Just give yurself sme time and be patient.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国好友Jim回复邮件，表示理解和安慰以及给他具体的建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
建议：suggestin→tip
此外：besides→additinally
方式：way→apprach
记住：remember→keep in mind
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：Besides, dn’t be afraid t start cnversatins with classmates. Mst peple are friendly and willing t talk.
拓展句：Besides, dn’t be afraid t start cnversatins with classmates because mst peple are friendly and willing t talk.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I knw exactly hw yu feel — starting smewhere new can be really challenging and lnely at first.（运用了hw引导宾语从句）
【高分句型2】It’s a great way t meet peple wh share yur hbbies.（运用了wh引导定语从句）