2026高考英语重难点专项突破练习卷3名词性从句引导词嵌套与句式识别 导学案含答案

这是一份2026高考英语重难点专项突破练习卷3名词性从句引导词嵌套与句式识别 导学案含答案，共9页。
核【核心知识·深度解读】
名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。近三年高考语法填空和短文改错中，对于名词性从句的考查不再是简单的that/whether区分，而是强调在复杂句式（嵌套结构）中正确选择引导词，以及识别从句类型对句子结构的完整性的影响。
1. 引导词的三大类型：①连接词that（无意义，不作成分，只起连接作用，宾语从句中可省略，但主语/表语/同位语从句不可省）；②连接词whether/if（“是否”，不作成分，if不能用于主语从句句首）；③连接代词（what, which, wh, whm, whse, whatever, whichever, whever等，在从句中作主/宾/表/定）；④连接副词（when, where, why, hw, whenever, wherever等，在从句中作状语）。
2. 嵌套结构（双重从句）： 如“What surprised us was that he knew nthing abut it.” —— what引导主语从句，that引导表语从句。又如“I wnder whether what he said is true.” —— whether引导宾语从句，what引导主语从句（作said的宾语）。
3. 形式主语/宾语it的运用： 当主语从句过长时，常用it作形式主语，真正的主语从句后置。如“It is bvius that he is lying.”。类似地，形式宾语：I think it necessary that we shuld start early.
4. 同位语从句与定语从句的区别： 同位语从句说明名词的内容（idea, fact, news等），that在从句中不作成分；定语从句对名词进行修饰限定，关系词在从句中作成分。例如：The news that he tld me （定语从句，that作tld的宾语） vs. The news that he wn the game （同位语从句，that不作成分）。
5. 语法填空： “The questin is ______ we can finish the wrk n time.” 此处缺表语从句引导词，且从句成分完整，但意思为“是否”，故填whether。2024·全国甲卷：“______ matters mst is nt the result but the effrt.” 主语从句缺主语，指事情，填What。
题型：语法填空（每空填一词，注意引导词及嵌套）
【语篇一 · 哲理故事】
Once upn a time, a king asked his wise men, “①________ makes a persn truly happy?” The wise men debated fr days, but ②________ they cncluded was unclear. Finally, an ld man said, “The secret is ③________ happiness cmes frm within. ④________ we ften seek it utside is ⑤________ causes disappintment.” The king realized ⑥________ he had been lking in the wrng place. He understd ⑦________ mattered mst was nt wealth but cntentment. Frm then n, he believed ⑧________ his peple deserved a life f dignity. The idea ⑨________ everyne shuld have access t basic needs became his guiding principle. He ften said, “⑩________ yu give t thers returns t yu.” This is ⑪________ his kingdm prspered. And that is ⑫________ we shuld remember: true happiness lies in giving.
①________ ②________ ③________ ④________ ⑤________ ⑥________ ⑦________ ⑧________ ⑨________ ⑩________ ⑪________ ⑫________
【语篇二 · 科学探索】
Scientists are investigating ⑬________ life exists n ther planets. One majr questin is ⑭________ Mars ever had liquid water. The fact ⑮________ evidence is grwing excites researchers. ⑯________ they have discvered s far suggests ⑰________ micrbial life might have existed. Hwever, ⑱________ these findings are cnclusive remains uncertain. The public wnders ⑲________ we will ever knw the truth. Sme believe ⑳________ it's nly a matter f time. Others argue ㉑________ we shuld fcus n slving prblems n Earth. Persnally, I think ㉒________ we explre space is essential fr ur future.
⑬________ ⑭________ ⑮________ ⑯________ ⑰________ ⑱________ ⑲________ ⑳________ ㉑________ ㉒________
【语篇三 · 校园生活】
The teacher asked us ㉓________ we wanted t present ur prjects. She emphasized ㉔________ creativity was mre imprtant than perfectin. One student shared ㉕________ he had learned frm his failure. His experience shwed ㉖________ perseverance pays ff. Anther student explained ㉗________ she chse t study envirnmental science. The reasn was ㉘________ she wanted t make a difference. The teacher cncluded, “㉙________ yu take away frm this class is up t yu. Remember ㉚________ success is nt just abut grades.” The idea ㉛________ learning is a lifelng jurney resnated with all. We finally understd ㉜________ ur teacher always encuraged us t ask “why”.
㉓________ ㉔________ ㉕________ ㉖________ ㉗________ ㉘________ ㉙________ ㉚________ ㉛________ ㉜________
【语篇四 · 科技与生活】
Many peple wnder ㉝________ artificial intelligence will replace humans. The truth is ㉞________ AI is a tl, nt a replacement. ㉟________ matters is hw we use it. Experts predict ㊱________ AI will create new jbs. The questin ㊲________ we are ready fr this change remains. I believe ㊳________ we embrace lifelng learning, we will adapt. After all, this is ㊴________ prgress has always wrked.
㉝________ ㉞________ ㉟________ ㊱________ ㊲________ ㊳________ ㊴________
【语篇五 · 文化交流】
The exchange students shared ㊵________ they lved abut their hst cuntry. One said, “㊶________ impressed me mst is the friendliness.” Anther mentined ㊷________ the fd was different frm ㊸________ he expected. The hst family explained ㊹________ they prepared each meal. They als talked abut ㊺________ the custm f tea drinking riginated. The students agreed ㊻________ cultural exchange enriches understanding. This is ㊼________ prgrams like this are valuable. They all felt ㊽________ they had becme mre pen-minded. The experience cnfirmed ㊾________ diversity shuld be celebrated. And that is ㊿________ we shuld prmte cultural learning.
㊵________ ㊶________ ㊷________ ㊸________ ㊹________ ㊺________ ㊻________ ㊼________ ㊽________ ㊾________ ㊿________
参考答案与解析
① What —— 主语从句，缺主语，指事情，用What。
② what —— 主语从句，cncluded缺宾语，用what。
③ that —— 表语从句，从句完整，用that。
④ That —— 主语从句，从句完整，放句首用That（不可省）。
⑤ what —— 表语从句，causes缺主语，用what。
⑥ that —— 宾语从句，从句完整，that可省略。
⑦ what —— 主语从句，mattered缺主语，用what。
⑧ that —— 宾语从句，从句完整，that可省略。
⑨ that —— 同位语从句，解释idea的内容，从句完整，用that。
⑩ What —— 主语从句，give缺宾语，指物，用What。
⑪ why —— 表语从句，表示结果，用why。
⑫ what —— 表语从句，remember缺宾语，用what。
⑬ whether —— 宾语从句，意为“是否”，介词后用whether。
⑭ whether —— 表语从句，表示不确定，用whether。
⑮ that —— 同位语从句，解释fact的内容，用that。
⑯ What —— 主语从句，discver缺宾语，用What。
⑰ that —— 宾语从句，从句完整，用that。
⑱ whether —— 主语从句，从句完整，意为“是否”，用whether（句首不用if）。
⑲ whether/if —— 宾语从句，意为“是否”，可用whether或if。
⑳ that —— 宾语从句，从句完整，用that。
㉑ that —— 宾语从句，从句完整，用that。
㉒ that —— 宾语从句，从句完整，用that。
㉓ hw/when/where —— 宾语从句，根据语境，可用hw（如何展示），或when/where，本题开放，参考答案hw。
㉔ that —— 宾语从句，从句完整，用that。
㉕ what —— 宾语从句，learned缺宾语，用what。
㉖ that —— 宾语从句，从句完整，用that。
㉗ why —— 宾语从句，表示原因，用why。
㉘ that —— 表语从句，从句完整，用that。
㉙ What —— 主语从句，take away缺宾语，用What。
㉚ that —— 宾语从句，从句完整，用that。
㉛ that —— 同位语从句，解释idea，用that。
㉜ why —— 宾语从句，表示原因，用why。
㉝ whether/if —— 宾语从句，意为“是否”。
㉞ that —— 表语从句，从句完整，用that。
㉟ What —— 主语从句，matters缺主语，用What。
㊱ that —— 宾语从句，从句完整，用that。
㊲ whether —— 同位语从句，解释questin的内容，意为“是否”，用whether。
㊳ that —— 宾语从句，从句完整，用that。
㊴ hw —— 表语从句，表示方式，用hw。
㊵ what —— 宾语从句，lved缺宾语，用what。
㊶ What —— 主语从句，impressed缺主语，指物，用What。
㊷ that —— 宾语从句，从句完整，用that。
㊸ what —— 介词frm后的宾语从句，expected缺宾语，用what。
㊹ hw —— 宾语从句，表示方式，用hw。
㊺ where —— 宾语从句，表示地点，用where。
㊻ that —— 宾语从句，从句完整，用that。
㊼ why —— 表语从句，表示原因，用why。
㊽ that —— 宾语从句，从句完整，用that。
㊾ that —— 宾语从句，从句完整，用that。
㊿ why —— 表语从句，表示原因，用why。
一线教学提示： 引导学生分析句子成分，先找主谓，再判断从句类型。对于引导词的选择，可让学生尝试代入翻译，看是否缺意思、缺成分。强调主语从句放句首that不可省，介词后只用whether不用if，同位语从句that不作成分但不可省。从句类型
常见引导词
注意点
主语从句
that, whether, what, which, wh, when, where, why, hw
that不可省；whether比if常用
宾语从句
that, if/whether, 疑问词
that常省略；介词后不用if；否定前移
表语从句
that, whether, as if, because, 疑问词
because引导表语从句较特殊（This is because...）
同位语从句
that, whether, 疑问词
that不作成分，不能省略；常修饰fact, news, idea等