高考英语一模提分卷01（上海专用）（全解全析）

这是一份高考英语一模提分卷01（上海专用）（全解全析），共27页。
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回
I. Grammar and Vcabulary（每题1分；20分）
Sectin A
Directins: After reading the passage belw, fill in the blanks t make the passage cherent and grammatically crrect. Fr the blanks with a given wrd, fill in each blank with the prper frm f the given wrd; fr the ther blanks, use ne wrd that best fits each blank.
（原创题）Hw the Familiar Becmes Invisible
We ften g thrugh life assuming things cntinue as they are, fllwing a predictable, linear path. But this sense f cntinuity is an illusin. What lks like smth mvement, whether in a film r in ur daily rutine, is actually a rapid successin f single mments ____1____(gather) tgether by ur mind. Few f us stp t questin whether this "stability" truly exists, let alne reflect n why we take it fr granted.
Driving t campus ne mrning, I suddenly felt this break in the illusin. The campus that nce excited me nw felt rdinary. While I ____2____(nt ntice) the shifts in the landscape, I still viewed it with an ld mental map, expecting the same spark I felt years ag.
This experience made me realize hw ften I hld n t the first versin f smething ____3____ nce mved me. This applies nt nly t places but als t peple. We d the same with thse wh we lve mst—____4____(stick) t the versin we first fell fr. When ur partner is stressed, we easily feel disappinted.
Our partners change daily due t new interactins and pressures; they are never exactly the same as ____5____ they were a decade ag. Yet we cling t their ld selves, expecting cntinuity whse surce n ne can guarantee. Psychlgical research shws ____6____(adapt) expectatins t changes cntributes t well-being far mre than clinging t the past. It is easy t take familiarity fr granted, but it ften blinds us t new pssibilities.
This idea extends ____7____ relatinships. Think abut hw energized we feel when traveling t places where nvelty hasn’t faded—such mments remind us ____8____ we ften verlk the beauty in the familiar due t habituatin. Yet even the mst exciting places turn rdinary ver time, as humans naturally adapt t rutine.
Instead f chasing cnstant nvelty, we shuld learn t see the new in the familiar. When we apprach ur lved nes r wrkplace with fresh eyes, we ____9____ find that a sense f presence and appreciatin emerges withut changing ur circumstances. After all, everything arund us changes, and recgnizing this transfrms us t. What surprises many is that such a simple shift in perspective can bring great jy. Amng all life skills, being able t embrace change is perhaps ____10____(rare) ne, yet it’s the mst valuable.
【答案】1. gathered 2. hadn’t nticed 3. that 4. sticking 5. what
6. adapting 7. beynd 8. why 9. may/might 10. the rarest
【语篇解读】本文探讨了“熟悉的事物为何会变得视而不见”这一现象，指出人们易执着于事物或人的初始版本，忽视其变化本质。结合心理研究可知，学会以全新视角看待熟悉的人和事，能提升幸福感与人际关系质量，无需改变环境即可发现生活中的新鲜感。
1. 考查非谓语动词（过去分词）。句意：无论是在电影中还是在日常生活中，看似平稳的变化实际上是我们的大脑将一连串快速闪过的瞬间拼接而成的。本句谓语动词为is，此处需用非谓语动词作后置定语修饰single mments；single mments与gather（聚集，意译为拼接）之间为被动关系（瞬间被大脑拼接），故填过去分词gathered。
2. 考查时态（过去完成时）。句意：尽管我没有注意到这片区域的变化，但我仍然用脑海中的旧地图看待它，期待着多年前感受到的那种触动。“没有注意到变化”发生在“感到错觉破裂”（过去时）之前，属于“过去的过去”，需用过去完成时；否定形式为hadn’t nticed，故填hadn’t nticed。
3. 考查定语从句。句意：这段经历让我意识到，我常常执着于曾经打动过我的某件事物的初始模样。本空引导定语从句，修饰先行词smething（不定代词），关系词在从句中作主语，故用that引导（不定代词作先行词时，定语从句只用that）。
4. 考查非谓语动词（现在分词）。句意：我们对最爱的人也是如此——执着于我们最初爱上的那个模样。此处需用非谓语动词作伴随状语，逻辑主语we与stick t（坚持，意译为执着）之间为主动关系（我们主动执着于旧模样），故填现在分词sticking。
5. 考查宾语从句。句意：我们的伴侣因日常新的交往和压力而不断变化；他们与十年前的自己已完全不同。本空引导宾语从句，作介词as的宾语，从句中缺少表语（指代“十年前的样子”），故用what引导（what在宾语从句中可作表语，指代“……的事物/样子”）。
6. 考查非谓语动词（动名词作主语）。句意：心理研究表明，调整期望以适应变化对幸福感的贡献远大于执着于过去。本空在宾语从句中作主语，需用动名词形式；adapt的动名词为adapting，故填adapting。
7. 考查介词。句意：这个观点不仅适用于人际关系。extend beynd为固定搭配，意为“延伸至……之外、不仅适用于……”，结合后文“旅行中的新鲜感”可知，此处指观点的适用范围超出人际关系，故填beynd。
8. 考查宾语从句。句意：这样的时刻提醒我们，我们常常因习惯化而忽视熟悉事物中的美好。本空引导宾语从句，作remind的宾语，从句中缺少原因状语（表示“为什么我们会忽视”），故用why引导。
9. 考查情态动词。句意：当我们以全新的视角看待亲人或工作场所时，我们可能会发现，无需改变环境，一种专注感和感恩之情就会油然而生。结合上下文语义，此处表示“可能性”（并非必然），符合语境的情态动词为may/might，故填may/might。
10. 考查形容词最高级。句意：在所有生活技能中，学会接纳变化或许是最罕见的一种，但也是最有价值的一种。根据“Amng all+复数名词”（表示“在所有……之中”）的范围限定，此处需用形容词最高级；rare的最高级为the rarest，故填the rarest。
Sectin B
Directins: Cmplete the fllwing passage by using the wrds in the bx. Each wrd can nly be used nce. Nte that there is ne wrd mre than yu need.
An American researcher wh studied 600 millinaires fund hw rich yu can get cmes dwn t 6 “wealth factrs“. She fund that six behavirs are related t net wrth ptential, regardless f age r incme. These were thriftiness, cnfidence, respnsibility, planning, fcus and scial indifference.
Being thrifty cmes as n great ____11____.“Spending abve yur means, spending instead f saving fr retirement, spending in anticipatin f becming wealthy makes yu a ____12____ t the paycheck, even with an astrnmical level f incme,”she wrte. T prperly build wealth, experts recmmend saving 20% yur incme and living ff the ____13____ 80%.
Having cnfidence is anther key ____14____, as it helps peple t be thrifty. It takes cnfidence t live within yur means. It als takes cnfidence t invest ____15____. Instead f making investing decisins with yur emtins, financial planners advise that yu shuld leave yur investments alne and fcus n a lng-term investment plan.
But peple can’t invest--r manage their wn mney — withut ____16____ respnsibility fr the utcmes. Many millinaires take n persnal respnsibility — and mst als happen t be self-made, meaning they didn’t acquire their wealth thrugh luck. Millinaires dn’t cunt n anyne else t make them rich, and they dn’t ____17____anyne else if they fall shrt. They fcus n things they can cntrl and align their daily habits t the gals they have set fr themselves. They tend t be gal-____18____ and hard wrkers, which enables them t plan financially and fcus n seeing thse plans thrugh. 92% f the millinaires surveyed develped a lng-term plan fr their mney, and 97% almst always achieved the gals they set fr themselves.
And it is these ____19____ that make it easy fr them t be scially indifferent. They ____20____ lifestyle creep, the tendency t spend mre whenever ne earns mre. Essentially, they dn’t yield t pressure t buy the latest thing r t keep up with thers r what they have acquired. Instead f being fcused n what might make them happy tday, they’re fcused n their lng-term wealth-building plan.
【答案】11. I 12. C 13. F 14. A 15. G 16. D 17. B 18. E 19. H 20. J
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。介绍了百万富翁们能获得财富归结为六个“财富因素”：节俭、自信、责任、计划、专注和社会冷漠。
11. 考查名词。句意：节俭并不令人感到意外。分析句子可知，空格处为介词as的宾语，应使用名词表示“惊讶”，surprise符合句意。故选I项。
12. 考查名词。句意：入不敷出，即支出而不是以期变得富有为退休支出而储蓄，会让你成为薪水的奴隶。分析句子以及上文“Spending abve yur means”可知空格处为宾语补足语，表示“使你成为奴隶”， 应使用名词做宾语补足语，slave符合句意。故选C项。
13. 考查形容词。句意：为了合理地积累财富，专家建议你应该把收入的20%存起来，剩下的80%用来生活。根据上文“experts recmmend saving 20% yur incme”可知，空格处表示的意思是“剩余的收入”，remaining “剩下的”符合句意。故选F项。
14. 考查名词。句意：自信是另一个重要的特征，因为它帮助人们变得节俭。根据第一段“These were thriftiness, cnfidence, respnsibility, planning, fcus and scial indifference”可知，空格处讲的是“另一个重要的特征”，characteristic符合句意。故选A项。
15. 考查副词。句意：适当的投资也需要信心。根据下文“Instead f making investing decisins with yur emtins, financial planners advise that yu shuld leave yur investments alne and fcus n a lng-term investment plan”可知投资必须适当，空格处为副词用作状语修饰动词invest, prperly符合句意。故选G项。
16. 考查动名词。句意：但如果不对结果负责，人们就无法投资或管理自己的资金。根据下文“Many millinaires take n persnal respnsibility--and mst als happen t be self-made, meaning they didn’t acquire their wealth thrugh luck”可知，空格处表示“承担责任”accept respnsibility作介词withut的宾语，应使用动名词形式。故选D项。
17. 考查动词。句意：富翁不指望其他任何人让他们变富，如果他们没有变富，他们也不会责怪其他任何人。根据上文“Millinaires dn't cunt n anyne else t make them rich”可知，百万富翁没有变富也不会责怪其他任何人。空格处为“责怪”，blame符合句意。故选B项。
18. 考查形容词。句意：他们往往以目标为导向，努力工作，这使他们能够制定财务计划并专注于实现这些计划。分析句子可知，空格处为表语表示“以目标为导向的，目标明确的”，riented “以……为方向的”符合句意。故选E项。
19. 考查名词。句意：正是这些行为让他们很容易对社交漠不关心。根据上文“They tend t be gal-___8____and hard wrkers, which enables them t plan financially and fcus n seeing thse plans thrugh”可知百万富翁专注于实现这些计划从而忽略了社交，空格处总结的是百万富翁们的专注的行为，behavirs符合句意。故选H项。
20. 考查动词。句意：他们抗拒生活方式的蠕变，即收入越高，支出就越多的倾向。根据下文“the tendency t spend mre whenever ne earns mre”可知百万富翁们对这种生活方式是抵制的，空格处为句子谓语部分表示“抵制”应使用动词resist,故选J项。
II. Reading Cmprehensin（共45分。21-35每题1分，36-50每题2分）
Sectin A
Directins: Fr each blank in the fllwing passage there are fur wrds r phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the wrd r phrase that best fits the cntext.
Paris has lng been at the heart f the histry f flight. It is where the Mntglfier brthers went up in the first ht-air balln in 1783, and where Charles Lindbergh cmpleted the first ne-persn transatlantic arephane jurney in 1927. Next year, if all ges t plan, Paris will witness the birth f anther industry ____21____, when Vlcpter, a German maker f electric aircraft, launches a flying-taxi service during the Olympic Games. At the Paris Airshw in June, Vlcpter and sme f its cmpetitrs displayed a new generatin f ____22____ flying machines designed fr urban transprt.
The electrificatin f aviatin (航空) has ften been dismissed as a pipe dream, with batteries assumed t heavy a ____23____ fr traditinal fuel in an airbrne vehicle. Fr lnger jurneys, that may well be true. Yet upstarts like Vlcpter are betting that electrificatin can ____24____ a bm in demand fr clean and quick air jurneys ver shrter distances.
The main frm f a flying taxi under ____25____, called an electric vertical (垂直的) take-ff and landing (eVTOL) aircraft, is expected t carry up t fur passengers plus a pilt. Pwered by batteries, it is predicted t be bth quiet enugh t reduce cmplaints in crwded cities, and fast: capable f up t 300kph, enugh t cmfrtably ____26____ a car, especially the ne stuck in traffic. And ptimists believe the absence f traffic in the sky will als make eVTOLs well-suited t ____27____ peratin. They culd prve handy fr transprting gds, t. That visin has inspired ____28____ predictins. Fr example, Mrgan Stanley, an investment bank, estimates glbal spending n eVTOLs culd hit $1,000 billin by 2040!
Regardless f the abve ____29____ expectatins, challenges remain. One prblem is technical certificatin, which is turning ut t be a(n) ____30____ prcess as aviatin regulatrs wrk n an entirely new frm f aircraft. Late last year, due t regulatry delays and sme ther factrs, Jby, a Silicn Valley startup, was frced t ____31____ its launch by ne mre year until 2025. Many have even lnger t g. The bigger questin is — is the business f flying taxis ____32____ practicable? EVTOLs currently range in price frm $1 millin t $ 4 millin. Sme believe that their cst may cme dwn as the industry develps. Brian Yutk f Wisk, a maker backed by Being, says that flying-taxi rides will be accessible t ____33____ in the near future. And Jby prmises that its fares will be cmparable t catching a cmmn taxi. ____34____, there is an ppsite belief that eVTOLs are likely t remain expensive. Sme studies suggest the cst culd end up as high as $7 per kilmeter, many times a regular taxi fare. That means, even withut a pilt, flying taxis may remain a cnvenience ____35____ nly t a lucky few.
Let’s expect plenty mre experiments with electric aircraft in the years ahead.
21. A. cperatrB. cmpetitrC. bserverD. pineer
22. A. wind-drivenB. battery-drivenC. gas-drivenD. slar-driven
23. A. substituteB. shelterC. treatmentD. desire
24. A. regulateB. maintainC. unlckD. reverse
25. A. pressureB. attackC. develpmentD. repair
26. A. underestimateB. updateC. utpaceD. verd
27. A. rigidB. autnmusC. attentiveD. illegal
28. A. daringB. discuragingC. unclearD. rdinary
29. A. technlgicalB. unrealisticC. rewardingD. enthusiastic
30. A. efficientB. simpleC. lengthyD. intelligent
31. A. put ffB. speed upC. bject tD. apprve f
32. A. histricallyB. technicallyC. thereticallyD. ecnmically
33. A. the learnedB. the disabledC. the senirsD. the masses
34. A. FurthermreB. HweverC. FrtunatelyD. Cnsequently
35. A. affrdableB. valuableC. unbelievableD. unsuitable
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. A 24. C 25. C 26. C 27. B 28. A 29. D 30. C 31. A 32. D 33. D 34. B 35. A
【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是明年，如果一切按计划进行，巴黎将见证另一个行业先驱的诞生，届时德国电动飞机制造商Vlcpter将在奥运会期间推出飞行出租车服务。
21. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：明年，如果一切按计划进行，巴黎将见证另一个行业先驱的诞生，届时德国电动飞机制造商Vlcpter将在奥运会期间推出飞行出租车服务。A. cperatr合作者；B. cmpetitr竞争者；C. bserver观察者；D. pineer先锋。根据下文“launches a flying-taxi service during the Olympic Games”可知，Vlcpter将在奥运会期间推出飞行出租车服务，这在以前是没有的，所以这是行业先驱，空格处用pineer。故选D。
22. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在今年6月的巴黎航展上，Vlcpter及其一些竞争对手展示了专为城市交通设计的新一代电池驱动飞行器。A. wind-driven风驱动的；B. battery-driven电池驱动的；C. gas-driven燃气驱动的；D. slar-driven太阳能驱动的。根据下文“The electrificatin f aviatin (航空) has ften been dismissed as a pipe dream, with batteries assumed t heavy”可知，飞行器是电池驱动的。故选B。
23. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：航空电气化常常被认为是白日梦，因为人们认为电池太重，无法替代传统的空中交通工具燃料。A. substitute替代物；B. shelter庇护处；C. treatment治疗；D. desire渴望。根据上文“batteries assumed t heavy”和下文“fr traditinal fuel in an airbrne vehicle”可知，人们认为电池太重，无法替代传统的空中交通工具燃料。故选A。
24. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，像Vlcpter这样的新贵正在打赌，电气化可以在较短的距离内释放对清洁和快速空中旅行的需求。A. regulate调节；B. maintain保持；C. unlck开启；D. reverse预定。根据下文“a bm in demand fr clean and quick air jurneys ver shrter distances”可知，此处表示“像Vlcpter这样的新贵正在打赌，电气化可以在较短的距离内释放对清洁和快速空中旅行的需求”，空格处意为“开启”。故选C。
25. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：正在开发的飞行出租车的主要形式被称为电动垂直起降(eVTOL)飞机，预计最多可搭载四名乘客和一名飞行员。A. pressure压力；B. attack袭击；C. develpment开发；D. repair修理。根据上文“Next year, if all ges t plan, Paris will witness the birth f anther industry ____21____, when Vlcpter, a German maker f electric aircraft, launches a flying-taxi service during the Olympic Games”可知，这种飞行出租车明年才推出，所以现在是正在被开发。故选C。
26. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：它由电池供电，预计既能安静到减少拥挤城市中的抱怨，又能快速行驶:时速可达300公里，足以轻松超过汽车，尤其是堵车的汽车。A. underestimate低估；B. update更新；C. utpace赶过；D. verd把……做得过分。根据上文“capable f up t 300kph”可知，时速可达300公里，可以超过汽车。故选C。
27. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：乐观主义者认为，空中交通的减少也将使eVTOLs非常适合自主操作。A. rigid严格死板的；B. autnmus自动的；C. attentive注意的，专心的；D. illegal非法的。根据上文“the absence f traffic in the sky”可知，空中交通的减少就使得eVTOL很适合自主操作。故选B。
28. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这一愿景激发了大胆的预测。A. daring大胆的；B. discuraging令人沮丧的；C. unclear不清楚的；D. rdinary普通的。根据下文“Fr example, Mrgan Stanley, an investment bank, estimates glbal spending n eVTOLs culd hit $1,000 billin by 2040”可知，关于eVTOLs的愿景激发了人的大胆预测，所以有人愿意花钱在eVTOL上。故选A。
29. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管有上述热情的期望，挑战依然存在。A. technlgical技术的；B. unrealistic不现实的；C. rewarding值得的，有意义的；D. enthusiastic热情的。根据上文“And ptimists believe the absence f traffic in the sky will als make eVTOLs well-suited t ____27____ peratin. They culd prve handy fr transprting gds, t.”可知，上文所说的是对eVTOL的热情的期望。故选D。
30. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一个问题是技术认证，这是一个漫长的过程，因为航空监管机构正在研究一种全新形式的飞机。A. efficient效率高的；B. simple简单的；C. lengthy冗长的；D. intelligent聪明的。根据上文“technical certificatin”和下文“aviatin regulatrs wrk n an entirely new frm f aircraft”可知，技术认证是很漫长的过程，因为航空监管机构正在研究一种全新形式的飞机。故选C。
31. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：去年年底，由于监管延误和其他一些因素，硅谷初创公司Jby被迫将推出时间再推迟一年，直到2025年。A. put ff推迟；B. speed up加速；C. bject t反对；D. apprve f同意。根据上文“due t regulatry delays”可知，监管延误导致硅谷初创公司Jby被迫将推出时间再推迟一年。故选A。
32. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：更大的问题是——飞行出租车在经济上可行吗？A. histrically历史上地；B. technically技术上；C. theretically理论上；D. ecnmically在经济上。根据“EVTOLs currently range in price frm $1 millin t $4 millin.”可知，EVTOL很贵，所以此处问的问题是它在经济上是否可行。故选D。
33. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：波音支持的制造商Wisk的Brian Yutk说，在不久的将来，群众将可以乘坐飞行出租车。A. the learned学识渊博的人；B. the disabled残疾人；C. the senirs老年人；D. the masses群众。根据下文“its fares will be cmparable t catching a cmmn taxi”可知，它的票价与普通出租车相当，那么将来普通的群众也可以乘坐这种飞行出租车。故选D。
34. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，有一种相反的观点认为evtl可能仍然很昂贵。A. Furthermre另外；B. Hwever然而；C. Frtunately幸运的是；D. Cnsequently结果。根据上文“Jby prmises that its fares will be cmparable t catching a cmmn taxi”和下文“there is an ppsite belief that eVTOLs are likely t remain expensive”可知，前后两句是转折关系，因此空格处是Hwever。故选B。
35. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这意味着，即使没有飞行员，飞行出租车可能仍然是一种只有少数幸运儿才能负担得起的便利。A. affrdable负担得起的；B. valuable有价值的；C. unbelievable难以置信的；D. unsuitable不合适的。根据上文“Sme studies suggest the cst culd end up as high as $7 per kilmeter, many times a regular taxi fare”可知，飞行出租车票价仍然很贵，所以只有少数人才能负担得起。故选A。
Sectin B
Directins: Read the fllwing fur passages. Each passage is fllwed by several questins. Fr each f them there are fur chices marked A, B, C and D. Chse the ne that fits best accrding t the infrmatin given in the passage yu have just read.
(A)
Cmparatively few fresh-water species f fishes are limited in their distributin t a single river system, yet nt many are fund n bth sides f a high muntain ridge, such as the Rcky Muntains in Nrth America. That is t say, the fishes f the Mississippi Valley are generally different frm thse f the Pacific slpe.
While it is a well-knwn fact that the fish life in n tw river systems, even thugh they empty int the sea n the same side f a divide, is exactly identical, such streams d have many species in cmmn. The principal rivers f the Atlantic slpe f the United States, fr example, cntain several species cmmn t all f them, including the bullhead catfish, the bluegill sunfish, and the large muth bass. Nne f these species can endure salt water, s they cannt mve frm ne river system t anther. On the ther hand, the mre nrthern streams cntain species nt fund in the suthern nes, and vice versa. The cmmn pike, fr example, is fund in the Atlantic streams frm Maryland nrthward, and the brk trut and yellw perch ccur nly in the streams frm Nrth Carlina suthward.
Hw the present distributin came abut must remain a matter f quest. It is quite prbable that sme f the streams, including thse n ppsite sides f a divide, may have been cnnected at ne time. Again, streams may be entirely separate during nrmal weather, but an exceptinally heavy rainfall r the sudden melting f snw in the uplands smetimes causes flds which may frm a temprary cnnectin between them, prviding a passageway fr fishes. It is als pssible that water birds may accidentally carry fish r spawn(卵) frm ne stream t anther, r that man may be instrumental in such a transfer.
36. The fishes in the Atlantic slpe cannt mve frm ne river system t anther because ________.
A. there is n canal linking different rivers
B. fishes cannt swim by way f the Atlantic
C. different rivers d nt have the same salt cntent
D. different fishes need different rivers
37. What is NOT the reasn fr the same fish t be fund in different rivers?
A. Different rivers may have been linked t each ther in the past.
B. Flds carried fish frm ne river t anther.
C. Birds carried fish frm place t place.
D. Earthquake may have caused links between rivers.
38. “man may be instrumental in such a transfer” in the last sentence means ________.
A. man may use instruments t transprt fish
B. the mvement f fish desn’t depend n human instruments
C. it is because f man that fish can mve frm ne river t anther
D. it is thrugh man’s tls that fish can mve frm ne river t anther
39. Which f the fllwing best states the main idea f the passage?
A. Fish Distributin and the Reasns.
B. Why Different Rivers Have the Same Fishes.
C. Different Fishes in Different Rivers.
D. Similar Fishes in Different Rivers.
【答案】36. C 37. D 38. C 39. A
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了美国的淡水鱼如何分布在美国的各个河流里，科学家们正在探究这种分布产生的原因。
36. 推理判断题。根据第二段第三句话“Nne f these species can endure salt water, s they cannt mve frm ne river system t anther. (这些物种都不能忍受咸水，因此它们不能从一个水系迁移到另一个水系)”可推知，美国大西洋斜坡的主要河流中几种常见的鱼类不能从一个水系迁移到另一个水系的原因是它们不能忍受咸水，说明不同的河流的含盐量和它们所在河流的含盐量是不同的。故选C。
37. 细节理解题。根据最后一段二、三、四句话“It is quite prbable that sme f the streams, including thse n ppsite sides f a divide, may have been cnnected at ne time. Again, streams may be entirely separate during nrmal weather, but an exceptinally heavy rainfall r the sudden melting f snw in the uplands smetimes causes flds which may frm a temprary cnnectin between them, prviding a passageway fr fishes. It is als pssible that water birds may accidentally carry fish r spawn （卵） frm ne stream t anther, r that man may be instrumental in such a transfer.( 一些溪流，包括分水岭两侧的溪流，很可能曾经连接在一起。同样，在正常天气下，溪流可能完全分开，但异常强的降雨或高地上突然融化的雪有时会导致洪水，洪水可能会在溪流之间形成临时连接，为鱼类提供通道。水鸟也可能意外携带鱼类或卵从一条流到另一条流，或者人可能在这种转移中起了作用)”可知，同样的鱼在不同的河流中被发现的原因包括“过去，不同的河流可能彼此相连，洪水把鱼从一条河带到另一条河，水鸟也可能意外携带鱼类或卵从一条流到另一条流。”，所以“地震可能造成了河流之间的联系”不是同样的鱼在不同的河流中被发现的原因。故选D。
38. 句意猜测题。根据本段的第一句话“Hw the present distributin came abut must remain a matter f quest.(目前的分布是如何产生的，这仍然是一个有待探索的问题)”可知，这一段主要介绍了同样的鱼在不同的河流中被发现的可能原因，其中包括“过去，不同的河流可能彼此相连，洪水把鱼从一条河带到另一条河，水鸟也可能意外携带鱼类或卵从一条流到另一条流”以及人也可能把鱼从一个河流带到另个一河流。所以这句话的意思为“正是因为人类，鱼才能从一条河到了另一条河”。故选C。
39. 主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了美国的淡水鱼如何分布在美国的各个河流里，以及科学家们正在探究这种分布产生的原因。所以“鱼类分布及其原因”为本文的主旨大意。故选A。
(B)
Whether yu’re lking t learn mre abut sustainability r imagine yurself as a media big man at the head f a wrld-famus magazine, here are several bks wrth ppping n yur Gd Reads list.
40. Which is the mst suitable bk fr a new graduate ignrant f fashin?
A. Advanced Lve
B. The Cnscius Clset
C. The New Fashin Rules
D. Hw T Dress: Secret Styling Tips Frm A Fashin Inside
41. Frm ________’s bk, we can knw smething abut the develpment f fashin.
A. Elizabeth L. ClineB. Alexandra Fullertn
C. Victria MagrathD. Ari Seth Chen
42. What d the bks have in cmmn?
A. They are targeted n yung ladies.
B. The authrs advise us against unreasnable purchasing.
C. They are all gd bks abut secrets f the fashin wrld.
D. The writers are all blggers giving practical advice n hw t get well dressed.
【答案】40. D 41. C 42. C
【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了一些关于时尚界最值得读的书。
40. 细节理解题。由第二本书“Frmer fashin editr at Stylist magazine, Alexandra Fullertn certainly knws smething abut getting dressed.”（Stylist 杂志的前时尚编辑，亚历山德拉富勒顿当然知道一些关于穿衣的知识。）可知，这本书是前时尚编辑写的关于如何穿搭的。故选D项。
41. 细节理解题。由第三本书“Her friendly, accessible tne is backed up with sme serius knwledge — her PhD in fashin marketing allws her t explre hw far fashin has cme in recent decades, discussing many things including virtual reality shpping while ffering up a brief tur f fashin’s 21st century histry.”（她友好、平易近人的语气得到了一些严肃的知识的支持——她的时尚营销博士学位让她能够探索近几十年来时尚的发展，讨论了许多事情，包括虚拟现实购物，同时简要介绍了时尚的 21 世纪历史。）可知，Victria Magrath可以带你了解21世纪的时尚史。故选C项。
42. 细节理解题。由第一段“Whether yu’re lking t learn mre abut sustainability r imagine yurself as a media big man at the head f a wrld-famus magazine, here are several bks wrth ppping n yur Gd Reads list.”（无论您是想了解更多关于可持续发展的知识，还是想把自己想象成世界著名杂志的负责人，这里有几本书值得在您的好读物清单上弹出。）可知，下列介绍的都是和杂志和时尚有关的书籍。故选C项。
(C)
Early fifth-century philspher St. Augustine famusly wrte that he knew what time was unless smene asked him. Albert Einstein added anther wrinkle when he therized that time varies depending n where yu measure it. Tday's state-f-the-art atmic（原子的） clcks have prven Einstein right. Even advanced physics can't decisively tell us what time is, because the answer depends n the questin yu're asking.
Frget abut time as an abslute. What if，instead f cnsidering time in terms f astrnmy,we related time t eclgy？What if we allwed envirnmental cnditins t set the temp（节奏） f human life？We're increasingly aware f the fact that we can't cntrl Earth systems with engineering alne，and realizing that we need t mderate（调节）ur actins if we hpe t live in balance. What if ur definitin f time reflected that？
Recently，I cnceptualized a new apprach t timekeeping that's cnnected t circumstances n ur planet，cnditins that might change as a result f glbal warming. We're nw building a clck at the Anchrage Museum that reflects the ttal flw f several majr Alaskan rivers，which are sensitive t lcal and glbal envirnmental changes. We've prgrammed it t match an atmic clck if the waterways cntinue t flw at their present rate. If the rivers run faster in the future n average，the clck will get ahead f standard time. If they run slwer，yu'll see the ppsite effect.
The clck registers bth shrt-term irregularities and lng-term trends in river dynamics. It's a srt f bservatry that reveals hw the rivers are behaving frm their wn tempral frame（时间框架），and allws us t witness thse changes n ur smartwatches r phnes. Anyne wh pts t g n Alaska Mean River Time will live in harmny with the planet. Anyne wh cnsiders river time in relatin t atmic time will encunter a majr imbalance and may be mtivated t cunteract it by cnsuming less fuel r supprting greener plicies.
Even if this methd f timekeeping is nvel in its particulars，early agricultural scieties als cnnected time t natural phenmena. In pre-Classical Greece，fr instance，peple“crrected”fficial calendars by shifting dates frward r backward t reflect the change f seasn. Tempral cnnectin t the envirnment was vital t their survival. Likewise，river time and ther timekeeping systems we're develping may encurage envirnmental awareness.
When St. Augustine admitted his inability t define time， he highlighted ne f time 's mst nticeable qualities：Time becmes meaningful nly in a defined cntext. Any timekeeping system is valid，and each is as praisewrthy as its purpse.
43. What is the main idea f Paragraph 1？
A. Timekeeping is increasingly related t nature.
B. Everyne can define time n their wn terms.
C. The qualities f time vary with hw yu measure it.
D. Time is a majr cncern f philsphers and scientists.
44. The authr raises three questins in Paragraph 2 mainly t ________.
A. present an assumptinB. evaluate an argument
C. highlight an experimentD. intrduce an apprach
45. What can we learn frm this passage？
A. Thse wh d nt g n river time will live an imbalanced life.
B. New ways f measuring time can help t cntrl Earth systems.
C. Atmic time will get ahead f river time if the rivers run slwer.
D. Mdern technlgy may help t shape the rivers’ tempral frame.
46. What can we infer frm this passage？
A. It is crucial t imprve the definitin f time.
B. A fixed frame will make time meaningless.
C. We shuld live in harmny with nature.
D. Histry is a mirrr reflecting reality.
【答案】43. B 44. D 45. C 46. C
【语篇解读】本文是议论文。文章通过讨论时间的定义，讲述了人们应该和大自然和谐相处，保护环境。
43. 主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句“Even advanced physics can't decisively tell us what time is, because the answer depends n the questin yu're asking. (即使是先进的物理学也不能决定性地告诉我们时间是什么，因为答案取决于你要问的问题)”以及上文列举的哲学家St. Augustine和爱因斯坦对于时间的定义可推断，第一段主要讲述每个人都可以用自己的话来定义时间。故选B项。
44. 推理判断题。根据第二段的“We're increasingly aware f the fact that we can't cntrl Earth systems with engineering alne，and realizing that we need t mderate（调节）ur actins if we hpe t live in balance. (我们越来越意识到，我们不能只是用工程学来控制地球系统，意识到，如果我们希望保持平衡，我们就需要调节我们的行动。)”进而提出问题“What if ur definitin f time reflected that？(如果时间的定义反映那些会怎么样呢)”，结合前两个问题“What if，instead f cnsidering time in terms f astrnmy, we related time t eclgy？What if we allwed envirnmental cnditins t set the temp（节奏） f human life？(如果我们不考虑天文学方面的时间，而是将时间与生态学联系起来呢？如果我们允许环境条件来设定人类生活的节奏呢)”可推断，第二段提出的三个问题是为了介绍方法。故选D项。
45. 细节理解题。根据第三段的“We've prgrammed it t match an atmic clck if the waterways cntinue t flw at their present rate. If the rivers run faster in the future n average，the clck will get ahead f standard time. If they run slwer，yu'll see the ppsite effect. （如果水道继续以目前的速度流动，我们对它进行了编程，匹配了一个原子时间。如果河流在未来的平均运行速度更快，时间就会超过标准时间。如果它们的运行速度较慢，你就会看到相反的效果。）”可知，如果河流运行速度得较慢，原子时间将超过河流时间。故选C项。
46. 推理判断题。根据第二段的“We're increasingly aware f the fact that we can't cntrl Earth systems with engineering alne，and realizing that we need t mderate（调节）ur actins if we hpe t live in balance. (我们越来越意识到，我们不能只是用工程学来控制地球系统，意识到，如果我们希望保持平衡，我们就需要调节我们的行动。)”和倒数第二段的“Tempral cnnectin t the envirnment was vital t their survival. Likewise，river time and ther timekeeping systems we're develping may encurage envirnmental awareness(时间与环境的暂时联系对它们的生存至关重要。同样，河流时间和我们正在开发的其他时间保护系统也可能会鼓励人们提高环境意识)”可推断，从这篇文章中我们知道我们应该与自然和谐共处，保护环境。故选C。
Sectin C
Directins: Read the fllwing passage. Fill in each blank with a prper sentence given in the bx. Each sentence can be used nly nce. Nte that there are tw mre sentences than yu need.
Living ff grid
When yu need electricity, yu just plug in the machine and switch it n. If yu need water, yu turn n the tap. ____47____ Fr many peple, these facilities are the basics f civilized sciety and the idea f living withut them seems risky. Yet fr a grwing number f peple, the idea f living ff grid — withut electricity, water r sewage — is an increasingly attractive lifestyle.
Off-gridders d nt have t give up electricity r a mdern lifestyle — sme chse t, but mst use small hydrelectric pwer systems, slar panels r windmills t generate enugh pwer fr their needs. Heating and cking needs are met by slar energy r wd burning systems, and tilet facilities range frm nn-water tilets t utside cmpst tilets. ____48____ It ranges frm traditinal yurts (a type f tent) t luxury huse with high-speed internet and central heating. Whether they live in simple hmes r luxury huses, what they all have in cmmn is that their lifestyles d nt create any pllutin r carbn emissins — the ultimate gal fr ff-gridders.
Arund 100,000 peple are thught t be living ff grid in the UK nw. ____49____ They grw their wn fd, hme-schl their children and prvide their wn medical care. They are peple wh have been priced ut f the husing market r wh have grwn disillusined with what mdern sciety can ffer and wh decides that an alternative lifestyle isn’t a pipe dream, but a viable ptin.
A part frm living an alternative lifestyle, cst is a big factr in chsing t live ff-grid. Off-grid huses are far cheaper t build than rdinary hmes since they dn’t need t be cnnected t the electricity r water supplies and even rad access is nt necessary. Materials tend t be cheaper, t. Ppular ptins include straw r ld tyres and cement.
Surprisingly, the biggest prblem ff-gridders face is nt building their hmes r becming self-sufficient but getting permissin t build. Rural areas away frm twn are the perfect chice but these are ften prtected by law frm cnstructin f any kind r have building restrictins. There are nw several websites dedicated t land-sharing s that the csts f buying land and getting permissin can be shared, and there are increasing numbers f ff-grid cmmunities. ____50____ Off-gridding culd sn be cmmn all ver Eurpe and America.
【答案】47. B 48. D 49. A 50. C
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种新生活——脱离电网的生活。
47. 根据上文When yu need electricity, yu just plug in the machine and switch it n. If yu need water, yu turn n the tap.(你需要电的时候，只要把机器插上电源就可以了。如果你需要水，就打开水龙头)可知，此处是在讲述我们的日常生活。由此可知，B. After yu use the tilet, yu flush it and the waste disappears.(上完厕所后，冲一冲，排泄物就不见了)符合语境。故选B。
48. 根据下文It ranges frm traditinal yurts (a type f tent) t luxury huse with high-speed internet and central heating.(它的范围从传统的蒙古包（一种帐篷）到带有高速互联网和中央供暖的豪华住宅)可知，D. They live in a huge variety f types f accmmdatin.(他们住在各种各样的住所里)符合语境。故选D。
49. 根据下文They grw their wn fd, hme-schl their children and prvide their wn medical care.(他们种植自己的食物，在家教育他们的孩子，并提供自己的医疗保健)可知，A. Many are self-sufficient, nt just prviding their wn electricity, water and sewage systems, but in all aspects. (许多人是自给自足的，不仅提供自己电力、水和排污系统，而且在各个方面都是自给自足的)符合语境。故选A。
50. 根据上文There are nw several websites dedicated t land-sharing s that the csts f buying land and getting permissin can be shared, and there are increasing numbers f ff-grid cmmunities.(现在有几个网站致力于土地共享，这样购买土地和获得许可的成本可以共享，而且越来越多的离网社区)及下文Off-gridding culd sn be cmmn all ver Eurpe and America.(脱离电网的现象很快就会在欧洲和美国普遍存在)由此可知，C. This shift frm individual t grup ff-gridding reflects the fact that the trend is grwing nticeably.(这种从个体到群体的偏离反映了一个事实，即这一趋势正在显著增长)符合语境。故选C。
III. Summary Writing（共10分）
51. Directins: Read the fllwing passage. Summarize the main idea and the main pint(s) f the passage in n mre than 60 wrds. Use yur wn wrds as far as pssible.
Majr trends that may affect educatin systems
The Organizatin fr Ecnmic C-peratin and Develpment (OECD), which prmtes plicies that will imprve the ecnmic and scial well-being f peple arund the wrld, has been lking at the future f glbal educatin. Its head f educatin, Andreas Schleicher, has been talking abut sme majr internatinal trends affecting educatin systems arund the wrld.
One trend is the widening gap between rich and pr. In OECD cuntries, the richest 10% have incmes 10 times greater than the prest 10%. This inequality is a challenge fr schls wh want t ffer equal and fair access t educatin fr everyne.
Anther trend is the rising wealth in Asia. It’s suggested that a large rise in the middle-classes in cuntries like India will increase demand fr university places. Andreas Schleicher asks the questin “What values will these newly wealthy cnsumers want frm their schls?”
Increasing migratin will als have an impact n educatin systems. Mbility results in mre culturally diverse students eager t learn and develp gd life fr themselves. But that can be challenge, t, as Andreas Schleicher asks: “Hw shuld schls supprt pupils arriving frm arund the wrld? Will schls have a bigger rle in teaching abut shared values?”
Funding pressure is anther issue: as ur demand and expectatin fr educatin rises and mre peple g t university, wh’s ging t pay fr it all? The rise in dependency n technlgy is anther cncern. What shuld students learn when many f their talents can be reprduced by machines? And hw reliant shuld we be n learning frm the internet?
These are just sme f the issues the OECD is highlighting. But they remain irrelevant fr hundreds f millins f the wrld’s prest children wh dn’t even have access t schl places r receive such lw-quality educatin that they leave withut the mst basic literacy r numeracy.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】
Andreas Schleicher, OECD’S head f educatin, talks abut sme f the trends that are affecting educatin systems. These trends include the bradening gap between rich and pr, the increasing wealth in Asia, mre and mre migratin, funding and increasing dependency n technlgy. Hwever, fr wrld’s prest children, the main prblem is their access t schl.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了影响教育系统的一些趋势，这些趋势包括贫富差距的扩大、亚洲财富的增加、越来越多的移民及教育系统对资金和对技术的依赖等。对于贫穷的儿童来说，他们很难拥有上学的机会。
1.要点摘录
①The Organizatin fr Ecnmic C-peratin and Develpment (OECD), which prmtes plicies that will imprve the ecnmic and scial well-being f peple arund the wrld, has been lking at the future f glbal educatin.
②Its head f educatin, Andreas Schleicher, has been talking abut sme majr internatinal trends affecting educatin systems arund the wrld.
③One trend is the widening gap between rich and pr.
④Anther trend is the rising wealth in Asia.
⑤Increasing migratin will als have an impact n educatin systems.
⑥The rise in dependency n technlgy is anther cncern.
⑦But they remain irrelevant fr hundreds f millins f the wrld’s prest children wh dn’t even have access t schl places r receive such lw-quality educatin that they leave withut the mst basic literacy r numeracy.
2.缜密构思
将第①和②两个要点进行整合；将第③、④、⑤和⑥四个要点进行整合。
3.遣词造句
①Firstly, the widening gap between rich and pr affects educatin systems arund the wrld.
②Secndly, increasing migratin is anther cncern.
③Last but nt least, the rise in dependency will have an impact n educatin systems.
[高分句型1] Andreas Schleicher, OECD’S head f educatin, talks abut sme f the trends that are affecting educatin systems. 运用了that引导的限制性定语从句对原文第一段行了概括。
[高分句型2] These trends include the bradening gap between rich and pr, the increasing wealth in Asia, mre and mre migratin, funding and increasing dependency n technlgy. 运用了现在分词作定语对原文第二段到第五段行了概括。
IV. Translatin（共15分。第1小题和第2小题每题3 分；第3 题4分；第4题5分）
Directins: Translate the fllwing sentences int English, using the wrd given in the brackets.
52. 到底是什么让你对考试结果抱有如此乐观的态度？(it)
【答案】What is it that makes yu hld such a psitive attitude twards the result f the examinatin?
【解析】考查强调句型的特殊疑问句形式。强调句型的特殊疑问句结构为：what is it that…?陈述的是客观情况，应该用一般现在时，故翻译为：What is it that makes yu hld such a psitive attitude twards the result f the examinatin?
53. 在有些公司，重文凭轻能力的现象使很多求职者处于不利地位。(disadvantage) （汉译英）
【答案】The phenmenn f valuing diplma ver ability in sme cmpanies puts many applicants at a disadvantage. / The phenmenn f valuing diplma ver ability in sme cmpanies disadvantages a lt f applicants.
【解析】考查时态、主谓一致和固定搭配。分析句子可知，本句为一般事实性描述，应用一般现在时。表示“在有些公司”应用in sme cmpanies；表示主语“重文凭轻能力的现象”应用The phenmenn f valuing diplma ver ability；表示谓语“使……处于不利地位”应用 put…… at a disadvantage或disadvantage sth.；表示宾语“很多求职者”应用many applicants或 a lt f applicants。故翻译为The phenmenn f valuing diplma ver ability in sme cmpanies puts many applicants at a disadvantage.或者The phenmenn f valuing diplma ver ability in sme cmpanies disadvantages a lt f applicants。
54. （原创题）不积跬步，无以至千里。 (Only…) （汉译英）
【答案】Only by accumulating small steps can we cver a thusand miles. / Only by gathering tiny strides can we reach a distance f a thusand miles.
【解析】考查倒装句和时态。“积跬步”是“积累小步伐”，译为accumulate small steps/gather tiny strides（跬步即“小步”，用small steps/tiny strides精准对应）；“至千里”是“到达千里之外”，译为cver a thusand miles/reach a distance f a thusand miles。分析句意可知，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，nly修饰状语，位于句首，主句要用部分倒装，即将助动词/情态动词提到主语前面，所以主句为can we cver a thusand miles.。故整句翻译为Only by accumulating small steps can we cver a thusand miles./Only by gathering tiny strides can we reach a distance f a thusand miles.
55. 这所百年老校近年来开展了一系列“古典乐进课堂”活动，让更多学生感受到经典的独特魅力。(launch) （汉译英）
【答案】In recent years, this century-ld schl has launched a series f ‘Classical Music in the Classrm’ activities, allwing mre students t experience the unique charm f classics.
【解析】考查介词短语、名词短语、动词、动词短语、非谓语动词好时态。根据句意以及句子结构可知，表示“近年来”应为介词短语In recent years作时间状语；表示“这所百年老校”应为名词短语this century-ld schl；表示“开展”为动词launch；表示“一系列“古典乐进课堂”活动”应为名词短语a series f ‘Classical Music in the Classrm’ activities；后接非谓语动词作状语，表示“允许某人做某事”应为动词短语allw sb t d sth；此处allw和逻辑主语this century-ld schl为主动关系，所以为现在分词形式；表示“感受到经典的独特魅力”应为动词短语experience the unique charm f classics；结合句意和时间状语In recent years可知，该句应为现在完成时。故翻译为：In recent years, this century-ld schl has launched a series f ‘Classical Music in the Classrm’ activities, allwing mre students t experience the unique charm f classics.
V. Guided Writing（共25分）
56. Directins: Write an English cmpsitin in 120-150 wrds accrding t the instructins given belw in Chinese.
（原创题）近期学生会针对“学生是否应该使用AI写作业”这一话题开展征文活动，假如你是上海市明启中学的李华，请你投稿谈谈你的看法。稿件内容应包括：
1. 你的选择，二选一（应该/不应该）；
2. 通过比较，阐述这样选的理由。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
Recently, the Student Unin has launched an essay campaign n whether students shuld use AI t d hmewrk. Sme students argue that AI can help them finish assignments mre efficiently, especially when facing difficult tasks, and it can als prvide diverse ideas fr creative wrk.
Persnally, I hld the view that students shuld nt rely n AI t d hmewrk. Firstly, ding hmewrk independently is a crucial prcess fr cnslidating what we have learned in class. If we turn t AI fr help excessively, we will lse the chance t practice and master knwledge n ur wn, which may weaken ur academic fundatin. Secndly, cmpleting hmewrk by urselves helps develp ur prblem-slving abilities. When we encunter difficulties, trying t figure them ut thrugh thinking and researching enables us t imprve ur lgical thinking and critical reasning skills, which AI cannt replace. In cntrast, using AI t write hmewrk may make us lazy and reduce ur willingness t think deeply.
Therefre, I firmly believe that students shuld refuse t use AI t d hmewrk. Only by wrking n assignments n ur wn can we truly gain knwledge and enhance ur abilities.
【解析】本篇书面表达属于应用文（征文稿）。要求考生围绕“学生是否应该使用AI写作业”这一话题明确自身立场，通过对比论证阐述理由，核心考查考生的逻辑思辨能力和语言表达能力。
1. 词汇积累
认为：hld the view that→maintain that
依赖：rely n→depend n
巩固：cnslidate→strengthen
至关重要的：crucial→vital
2. 句式拓展
（1）简单句变复合句
原句：Persnally, I hld the view that students shuld nt rely n AI t d hmewrk.
拓展句：Persnally, I hld the view that students shuld nt rely n AI t d hmewrk, which will d harm t their lng-term academic develpment.
（2）陈述句变倒装句
原句：Only by wrking n assignments n ur wn can we truly gain knwledge and enhance ur abilities.
拓展思路：“nly+状语”位于句首时，句子用部分倒装，该句式能增强语气，符合高考高分作文的句式要求。
【高分句型1】If we turn t AI fr help excessively, we will lse the chance t practice and master knwledge n ur wn, which may weaken ur academic fundatin.（运用了if引导的条件状语从句和which引导的非限制性定语从句，）
【高分句型2】When we encunter difficulties, trying t figure them ut thrugh thinking and researching enables us t imprve ur lgical thinking and critical reasning skills, which AI cannt replace.（运用了when引导的时间状语从句）
【高分句型3】Only by wrking n assignments n ur wn can we truly gain knwledge and enhance ur abilities.（运用了“nly+介词短语”引导的倒装句）
A. characteristic B. blame C. slave D. accepting E. riented
F. remaining G. prperly H. behavirs I. surprise J. resist K. cnsistently
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A. Many are self-sufficient, nt just prviding their wn electricity, water and sewage systems, but in all aspects.
B. After yu use the tilet, yu flush it and the waste disappears.
C. This shift frm individual t grup ff-gridding reflects the fact that the trend is grwing nticeably.
D. They live in a huge variety f types f accmmdatin.
E. Living ff-grid still has a lng way t g befre it becmes a mainstream way f living.
F. Rather than building permanent hmes, vans r mbile hmes r even ld shipping cntainers are ther ptins.