高考英语一轮-阅读理解高频单词+主题分类压轴词汇（练习）（原卷版）

这是一份高考英语一轮-阅读理解高频单词+主题分类压轴词汇（练习）（原卷版），共9页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解高频词基础练等内容，欢迎下载使用。

题型一 阅读理解高频词基础练
单项选择
1．（2023高三·全国·专题练习）The twins resemble very much in appearance.We culdn’t _________ them ut.
A．figureB．carry
C．sptD．turn
2．（2024高三·广东广州·阶段练习）It has been ________ that this drug is effective.
A．cmpsedB．prescribedC．restrainedD．demnstrated
3．（2024高三·广东广州·高三模拟）Tickets are limited and will be ________ t thse wh apply first.
A．relievedB．allcatedC．alleviatedD．investigated
4．（2024高三·广东·模拟预测）The cmpany has annunced that it will ________ a full investigatin int the accident.
A．advcateB．exceedC．distributeD．undertake
5．（23-24高三·广东东莞·考试）At any time, we must ________ great imprtance t the wrk f speeding up develping new prducts.
A．attachB．appealC．stickD．cmmit
6．（23-24高三·广东深圳·阶段练习）A symphny rchestra is __________ f a variety f brass, wdwind, percussin and stringed instruments.
A．cnsistedB．cmparedC．cmpsedD．cncluded
7．（23-24高三·福建厦门·期中）The public ________ the gvernment fr taking practical measures t prtect the envirnment.
A．explitedB．applaudedC．dismissedD．arrested
8．（23-24高三·福建厦门·期中）By jining the club, nt nly have I ________ basic writing skills, but I als made sme new friends with similar hbbies.
A．deservedB．calculatedC．categrizedD．acquired
9．（23-24高三·福建厦门·阶段练习）Sme regard AI as a ptential majr threat t humans. Hwever, thers_________ this fear.
A．appreciateB．dismissC．addressD．recall
10．（23-24高三·福建厦门·阶段练习）On arrival at the village, the authr was_________ warmly by lcal villagers.
A．recrdedB．recgnizedC．receivedD．refreshed
11．（23-24高三·福建宁德·阶段练习）These articles ________ the prblems f the mdern wrld, including race relatins and cmmunity develpment.
A．addressB．accelerate
C．accumulateD．disturb
12．（23-24高三·上海·期中）Sme animal and plant species gradually went extinct because they culdn’t _________ t the rapidly changing cnditins in this area.
A．fallB．accmmdateC．belngD．cntribute
13．（23-24高三·上海·期中）Apart frm teaching French, Martin _________ tennis in his spare time.
A．cachedB．addressedC．battedD．greeted
14．（2023·天津·一模）The earliest way f traveling was undubtedly by ft, and humans’ earliest means f_________gds was carrying lads n their back r head.
A．innvatingB．transprtingC．prducingD．measuring
15．（23-24高三·江苏苏州·期中）Fssil fuels are nn-renewable, whse reserves will be used up ne day in the future. In cntrast, renewable energy surces are basically __________, and will be available t us fr a few billin mre years.
A．inadequateB．inexhaustibleC．inaccessibleD．inflexible
16．（23-24高三·江苏苏州·阶段练习）When I received the acceptance letter frm my dream university, I was _________. I culdn’t cntain my jy and excitement.
A．nervusB．ecstaticC．embarrassedD．furius
17．（23-24高三·福建厦门·期中）The hardest part f ging back t cllege was feeling ________ abut the time I spent away frm my kids.
A．ridiculusB．cnfidentC．guiltyD．excited
18．（23-24高三·福建厦门·阶段练习）With the develpment f AI, the line between humans and rbts will be mre _________in the future.
A．absurdB．vilentC．urgentD．blurred
19．（23-24高三·福建厦门·阶段练习）Claire fund it_________ that she, a human being, was being ffered sympathy by a rbt.
A．superirB．ridiculusC．straightfrwardD．thrilling
20．（23-24高三·福建厦门·期中）The icnic Beijing Natinal Stadium, als knwn as the “Bird’s Nest”, has a ________ f 80,000.
A．distributinB．capacityC．prfileD．frequency
题型二 阅读理解高频短语基础练
单项选择
21．（23-24高三·江苏苏州·期中）Althugh I was disappinted at that time, __________ it is a gd thing I did nt get that jb because it wuld put me far away frm my family.
A．in a wayB．in my wayC．by n meansD．by all means
22．（23-24高三·江苏苏州·期中）As the sun began t rise, a deep sense f well-being __________ me. I suddenly felt full f hpe and energy again.
A．hung verB．fell verC．turned verD．washed ver
23．（23-24高三·江苏苏州·期中）We are running a flwer shp, and females __________ the vast majrity f ur custmers.
A．accunt frB．kick ffC．give rise tD．take in
24．（2024·山东泰安·一模）The cnflict between Russia and Ukraine ________ n the Feb. 24th, 2022.
A．std utB．gt thrughC．tk inD．brke ut
25．（23-24高三·广东东莞·考试）We shuld ________ the disagreements between bth sides n hw t build up a scientific, strict, flexible and effective system in rder t further prmte clser relatinship.
A．put asideB．put upC．put awayD．put dwn
26．（23-24高三·广东东莞·开学考试）—Did Jhnsn pass the examinatin?
—N. Often staying up late made him at his wrst ________ physical situatin.
A．in favr fB．in terms fC．in charge fD．in case f
27．（23-24高三·广东深圳·阶段练习）Wrk hard and practise mre, and yur effrt will __________.
A．pay ffB．give wayC．carry nD．burst nt
28．（22-23高三·河南南阳·阶段练习）Yu shuldn’t _________ that I take care f yur pet dg.
A．take it easyB．take it fr grantedC．take it seriuslyD．take yur time
29．（2024高三·全国·专题练习）Bears _________ fat stres thrughut the summer and fall t have energy enugh t last them thrugh their winter sleep.
A．pack upB．build upC．bring upD．take up
30．（2024高三·天津·模拟）When yu are faced with bstacles in Senir 3, try nt t let discuraging thughts _______. Be ptimistic and trust yurself, and yu’ll make it.
A．take verB．take upC．take nD．take in
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Passage 1 体裁：说明文 主题：研究发现
A new study led by researchers at the Yale Schl f Public Health finds air pllutin may negatively impact standardized test scres. Using data frm the Nrth Carlina Educatin Research Data Center, the researchers tracked 2.8 millin public schl students in Nrth Carlina frm 2001 t 2018 and measured their expsure t PM2.5 fund in plluted air. While previus research has shwn negative effects n academic perfrmance, it has relied n relatively small r less representative samples. “The biggest strength f this study is that we tracked every student in Nrth Carlina in thse years, fr the whle time perid that they were in the public schls,” said Emma Zang, cauthr f the study.
The study als finds that test scres f ethnic minrities and girls are disprprtinately (不成比例地) impacted by PM2.5 levels. “Females and ethnic minrities face sexism and racism,” said Zang. “There are a lt f plicies that are nt friendly twards them. S, when they’re expsed t the same level f air pllutin, they dn’t have the resurces t lessen the negative influences.” Mre privileged ppulatins, hwever, might have mre resurces that allw them t live in a better envirnment, such as in huses with air purifiers.
“The level f PM2.5 pllutin in the US is relatively lw, but students living in areas belw the current air quality standard f annual PM2.5 cncentratin are still negatively impacted by air pllutin when it cmes t their test scres,” said Zang. “We shuld aim t strengthen the annual PM2.5 standard t better prtect ur children.”
Air pllutin is knwn t cntribute t disease and death, and it als negatively affects students’ academic perfrmance even at lw levels f pllutin. The subsequent studies, the researchers said, wuld invlve lking at whether the findings hld true in different areas, and als the reasns behind the ethnic and sexual differences.
31．What’s the greatest advantage f the study?
A．Tracking each student fr 18 years.B．Cllecting mre cmprehensive data.
C．Measuring students’ PM2.5 expsure precisely.D．Building links between air pllutin and test scres.
32．Accrding t Zang, ethnic minrities and girls ________.
A．benefit frm current plicies n PM2.5 pllutin
B．have the lwest test scres due t their identities
C．lack resurces t reduce the impact f air pllutin
D．suffer frm educatinal inequalities wing t their backgrund
33．What’s Zang ding in paragraph 3?
A．Offering a suggestin.B．Raising a dubt.
C．Making a cmparisn.D．Giving a predictin.
34．What might be the fcus f the fllw-up studies?
A．Applicability f the findings t ther regins.B．Ways t address racial and sexual differences.
C．Lng-term impacts f air pllutin n children.D．Establishment f PM2.5 standard fit fr children.
Passage 2 体裁：议论文 主题：网络攻击的问题探讨
In recent years, aggressin n scial media have becme cmmnplace. Mre than half f the victims said they didn’t knw the identity f the perpetratr (作恶者). Mst peple agreed that the annymity (匿名) f the Internet prvides cver fr nasty and harassing (骚扰) behavir.
Des this grwing aggressin n scial media give us a glimpse f ur real human nature? Are we-at ur cre-aggressive beasts? It’s true that hate crimes are n the rise, and plitical divisins app ear t be grwing. The level f public bitterness-especially nline-is substantial. But I dn’t believe that’s because scial media has unlcked ur cruel human nature.
As an evlutinary anthrplgist, I have spent years researching ur transfrmatin as a species. Over the past tw millin years, we have evlved frm grups f apelike beings armed with sticks and stnes t the creatrs f cars, rckets, and natins. Our bigger brains have allwed us t bnd and cperate in mre cmplex and diverse ways than any ther animal. Meanwhile, “yu are whm yu meet.” Hw we perceive, experience, and act in the wrld is shaped by wh and what surrund us n a daily basis. This prcess has deep evlutinary rts and gives humans what we call a shared reality.
I wuld argue that the rise in nline aggressin is a prduct f ur evlutinary scial skills, the scial media bm, and the specific plitical, ecnmic and scial cntext where we find urselves. This explsive cmbinatin has pened up a space fr increasingly mre peple t fan the flames f aggressin and insult nline. Aggressive behavir-especially t thse yu dn’t have t cnfrnt face-t-face-is easier than it’s ever been. And fr the aggressr, there are ften n cnsequences.
Yes, it seems that the wrld is getting mre aggressive, but that’s nt because we are mre aggressive at ur cre. It’s because we haven’t been standing up against bullying, abuse, and aggressive harassment, and prmting pr-scial attitudes and actins ur cntemprary wrld demands. In persn and n scial media, we must d bth.
35．What des the underlined wrd “that” in paragraph tw refer t?
A．Hate crimes n the rise.B．Grwing plitical divisins.
C．Cnsiderable nline bitterness.D．The transfrmatin f humans.
36．What’s the authr’s attitude tward scial media?
A．Critical.B．Objective.C．Apprving.D．Irnic.
37．What des the authr prpse t address the issue f grwing aggressin?
A．Embracing ur aggressive nature t cmpete in tday’s wrld.
B．Strengthening laws t hld perpetratrs respnsible fr their nline actins.
C．Prmting psitive behavirs and interactins in bth real-life and digital spaces.
D．Fcusing nly n reducing annymity n the internet t reduce ffensive behavir.
38．What is mainly discussed in this passage?
A．The impact f scial media n sciety.
B．The influence f evlutin n ur behavir.
C．The reasns behind rising nline aggressin.
D．The factrs in the scial media develpment.
Passage 3 体裁：说明文 主题：某种认知对社交心态的影响
Initial cnversatins can have a huge impact n hw relatinships develp ver time. Peple are ften stuck in the impressins they think they might have made the minute they finish speaking with smene fr the first time: “Did they like me r were they just being plite?” “Were they deep in thught r deeply bred?”
T find ut whether these wrries are necessary, we have cnducted nearly 10 years f research. In ur studies, participants in the UK talked with smene they had never met befre. Afterward, they were asked hw much they liked their cnversatin partner and hw much they believed that their cnversatin partner liked them. This allwed us t cmpare hw much peple believed they were liked t hw much they were actually liked.
Time and time again, we fund that peple left their cnversatins with negative feelings abut the impressin they made. That is, peple systematically underestimate hw much their cnversatin partners like them and enjy their cmpany — a false belief we call the “liking gap”.
This bias (偏见) may seem like smething that wuld ccur nly in initial interactins, but its effects extend far beynd a first impressin. Surprisingly, the liking gap can cnstantly affect a variety f relatinships, including interactins with cwrkers, lng after the initial cnversatins have taken place. Having a larger liking gap is assciated with being less willing t ask wrkmates fr help, less willing t prvide wrkmates with pen and hnest feedback, and less willing t wrk n anther prject tgether.
There are numerus strategies t minimize yur biased feelings. One place t start is shifting yur fcus f attentin. Try t direct yur attentin t yur cnversatin partner, be genuinely curius abut them, ask them mre questins, and really listen t their answers. The mre yu’re zered in n the ther persn, and the less yu’re fcused n yurself, the better yur cnversatin will be and the less yur mind will turn t all the things yu think yu didn’t d well.
39．Why did the authr carry ut 10 years f research?
A．T dismiss natinal cncerns.B．T check ut a ptential bias.
C．T enhance human cmmunicatin.D．T develp harmnius relatinships.
40．What is ne effect f peple’s liking gap?
A．Fewer chances f new prjects.B．Underestimatin f their ability.
C．Bad relatinships with peple arund.D．Lw willingness t interact with thers.
41．What des the authr intend t d in the last paragraph?
A．Restate pinins.B．Deliver warnings.C．Give suggestins.D．Make a summary.
42．Which might be the best title fr the text?
A．Liking Gap May Influence Wrk Perfrmances
B．First Impressins Rely On Initial Cnversatins
C．Peple Prbably Like Yu Mre Than Yu Think
D．Hw Peple Like Yu Matters Less Than Yu Assume
1.（2024年1月浙江卷C篇）
On September 7, 1991, the cstliest hailstrm (花暴) in Canadian histry hit Calgary’s suthern suburbs. As a result, since 1996 a grup f insurance cmpanies have spent abut $2millin per year n the Alberta Hail Suppressin Prject. Airplanes seed threatening strm cells with a chemical t make small ice crystals fall as rain befre they can grw int dangerus hailstnes. But farmers in east-central Alberta — dwnwind f the hail prject flights — wrry that precius misture (水分) is being stlen frm their thirsty land by the clud seeding.
Nrman Stienwand, wh farms in that area, has been addressing public meetings n this issue fr years “Basically, the prvincial gvernment is letting the insurance cmpanies prtect the Calgary-Edmntn urban area frm hail,” Mr. Stienwan d says, “but they’re increasing drught risk as far east as Saskatchewan.”
The Alberta hail prject is managed by Terry Krauss, a clud physicist wh wrks fr Weather Mdificatin Inc. f Farg, Nrth Dakta. “We affect nly a very small percentage f the ttal misture in the air, s we cannt be cusing drught.” Dr. Krauss says. “In fact, we may be helping increase the misture dwnwind by creating wetter grund.”
One dubter abut the safety f clud seeding is Chuck Dswell, a research scientist wh just retired frm the University f Oklahma. “In 1999, I persnally saw significant trnades (龙卷风) frm frm a seeded strm cell in Kansas,” Dr. Dswell says. “Des clud seeding create killer strms r reduce misture dwnwind? N ne really knws, f curse, but the seeding ges n.”
Given the degree f dubt, Mr. Stienwand suggests, “it wuld be wise t stp clud seeding.” In practice, dubt has had the ppsite effect. Due t the lack f scientific prf cncerning their impacts, n ne has succeeded in winning a lawsuit against clud-seeding cmpanies. Hence, private climate engineering can prceed in relative legal safety.
8. What des the prject aim t d?
A. Cnserve misture in the sil.B. Prevent the frmatin f hailstnes.
C. Frecast disastrus hailstrms.D. Investigate chemical use in farming.
9. Wh are ppsed t the prject?
A. Farmers in east-central Alberta.B. Managers f insurance cmpanies.
C. Prvincial gvernment fficials.D. Residents f Calgary and Edmntn
10. Why des Dr. Dswell mentin the trnades he saw in 1999?
A. T cmpare different kinds f seeding methds.
B. T illustrate the develpment f big hailstrms.
C. T indicate a pssible danger f clud seeding.
D. T shw the link between strms and misture.
11. What can we infer frm the last paragraph?
A. Scientific studies have prved Stienwand right.
B. Private climate engineering is illegal in Canada.
C. The dubt abut clud seeding has disappeared.
D. Clud-seeding cmpanies will cntinue t exist.
2.（2023年全国甲卷D篇）
Grizzly bears, which may grw t abut 2.5 m lng and weigh ver 400 kg, ccupy a cnflicted crner f the American psyche — we revere (敬畏) them even as they give us frightening dreams. Ask the turists frm arund the wrld that fld int Yellwstne Natinal Park what they mst hpe t see, and their answer is ften the same: a grizzly bear.
“Grizzly bears are re-ccupying large areas f their frmer range,” says bear bilgist Chris Servheen. As grizzly bears expand their range int places where they haven’t been seen in a century r mre, they’re increasingly being sighted by humans.
The western half f the U.S. was full f grizzlies when Eurpeans came, with a rugh number f 50,000 r mre living alngside Native Americans. By the early 1970s, after centuries f cruel and cntinuus hunting by settlers, 600 t 800 grizzlies remained n a mere 2 percent f their frmer range in the Nrthern Rckies. In 1975, grizzlies were listed under the Endangered Species Act.
Tday, there are abut 2,000 r mre grizzly bears in the U.S. Their recvery has been s successful that the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service has twice attempted t de-list grizzlies, which wuld lsen legal prtectins and allw them t be hunted. Bth effrts were verturned due t lawsuits frm cnservatin grups. Fr nw, grizzlies remain listed.
Obviusly, if precautins (预防) aren’t taken, grizzlies can becme trublesme, smetimes killing farm animals r walking thrugh yards in search f fd. If peple remve fd and attractants frm their yards and campsites, grizzlies will typically pass by withut truble. Putting electric fencing arund chicken huses and ther farm animal quarters is als highly effective at getting grizzlies away. “Our hpe is t have a clean, attractant-free place where bears can pass thrugh withut learning bad habits,” says James Jnkel, lngtime bilgist wh manages bears in and arund Missula.
32. Hw d Americans lk at grizzlies?
A. They cause mixed feelings in peple.
B. They shuld be kept in natinal parks.
C. They are f high scientific value.
D. They are a symbl f American culture.
33. What has helped the increase f the grizzly ppulatin?
A The Eurpean settlers’ behavir.
B. The expansin f bears’ range.
C. The prtectin by law since 1975.
D. The supprt f Native Americans.
34. What has stpped the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service frm de-listing grizzlies?
A. The ppsitin f cnservatin grups.
B. The successful cmeback f grizzlies.
C. The vice f the bilgists.
D. The lcal farmers’ advcates.
35. What can be inferred frm the last paragraph?
A. Fd shuld be prvided fr grizzlies.
B. Peple can live in harmny with grizzlies.
C. A special path shuld be built fr grizzlies.
D. Technlgy can be intrduced t prtect grizzlies.
目录
01 模拟基础练
【题型一】单项选择题高频词基础练
【题型二】单项选择题高频短语基础练
02 重难创新练
03 真题实战练