高考英语一轮-阅读理解高频词汇（专项训练）（全国适用）（学生版）

这是一份高考英语一轮-阅读理解高频词汇（专项训练）（全国适用）（学生版），共19页。
目录
TOC \ "1-2" \h \u \l "_Tc17943" 01 课标达标练
\l "_Tc22251" 题型01 词义猜测基础练
\l "_Tc2717" 题型02 词义选择进阶练
\l "_Tc2717" 题型03 同义替换拔高练
\l "_Tc20184" 02 核心突破练
\l "_Tc5699" 03 真题溯源练
考向01 词义猜测基础练
根据语境写出单词的的汉语意思
（一）写出句中recgnise的含义
1．We hadn’t seen each ther fr thirty years, but I recgnised her right away.
2．Kmd Natinal Park, fficially recgnised in 1980, is ppular fr ecturism because f its unique bidiversity.
（二）写出下列句子中make up的含义
3．—Hw d yu think I can make up with Tm?
—Put aside where yu disagree and find what yu have in cmmn.
4．Bdy language is a very imprtant part f cmmunicatin which can make up 50% r mre f what we are cmmunicating t ther persns.
5．Lenard was surprised t knw that his sister shuld have spent tw hurs making up befre a party.
6．They have t make up fr the time wasted this afternn by wrking late tnight.
7．Dn’t believe him. He always makes up sme excuses fr ding smething wrng.
（三）判断下列句子中pick up的含义
8．Instead f walking a few blcks(街区)t pick up a child r the dry cleaning, they send the self-driving minibus.
9．Thanks t the immediate measures taken by the central gvernment, the ecnmy f China picked up sn after the glbal financial crisis.
10．It's surprising that yur brther picked up Russian s quickly—he hasn't lived there very lng.
11．He picked up a wallet n the way t pick up his daughter.
（四）写出句中acquire的含义
12．She has acquired a gd knwledge f English.
13．She has acquired sme very unpleasant habits recently.
14．Manning hped t acquire valuable wrks f art as cheaply as pssible.
（五）写出句中spnsr的含义
15．Spnsred by the Natinal Department f Educatin,the prject attracts many students.
16．The US is spnsring negtiatins between the tw sides.
17．She fund a cmpany t spnsr her thrugh cllege.
18．The bill was spnsred by a famus lawyer.
（六）写出下列句中dismiss的含义
19．Tw mre witnesses were called,heard,and dismissed.
20．Let’s nt just dismiss the idea befre we’ve even thught abut it.
21．They have the pwer t dismiss civil servants wh refuse t wrk.
22．Mr Smith was disappinted t hear that his case was dismissed.
（七）写出present的含义
23．The present situatin f nvel crnavirus utbreak is still severe.
24．Present yur ideas t the rest f the class.
25．The peple present at the party were presented with a bk as a present. ； ；
（八）判断下列句子中admit的含义
26．I dn’t really like the authr, althugh I have t admit his bks are very exciting.
27．One shuld wrk very hard if he wants t be admitted int a gd university.
（九）写出句中critical的含义
28．The President faced a critical situatin that year.
29．It is likely t be a critical turning pint in ne's life.
30．Yu must make a critical examinatin f yur bad behavir.
（十）写出crash在句中的中文意思。
31．Hundreds f hspital recrds were wiped ut when the netwrk crashed.
32．Lightning flashed in the sky, and there was a lud crash f thunder.
33．David admitted that his car crashed int his neighbr’s garden.
34．The wman hurt in the car crash is till under treatment in hspital.
（十一）写出launch在句子中的中文意思。
35．In 1970, China successfully launched a man-made satellite.
36．A range f green campaigns have been launched glbally in respnse t the gravity(严重性) f the climate crisis.
37．There is a grwing need fr smart phnes and many cmpanies are trying t launch new mdels.
38．The lifebat was launched immediately t rescue the fur men.
（十二）写出单词hit在各句中的中文意思。
39．The tanks explded as the plane hit the grund.
40．The regin's ecnmy will take a hit if the airbase is clsed.
41．It hit me that this was a lessn I culd draw frm. I learned smething abut myself in that mment.
42．The bmb failed t hit its target.
43．When I first heard the sng I knew it wuld be a hit.
（十三）判断下列句子中prmte的含义
44．While the riginal purpse f the Wrld Pst Day was t prmte the pstal service wrldwide, nw its significance is mre abut pstal culture.
45．While waiting fr the pprtunity t get prmted, Henry did his best t perfrm his duty.
46．Many nline shps will give custmers a great discunt (折扣) t prmte their gds.
（十四）判断下列句子中 figure的含义
47．She's always had a gd figure.
48．Last night he saw tw dark figures enter the building, and then there was the explsin.
49．It wuld be very nice if we had a true figure f hw many peple in this cuntry haven't gt a jb.
50．He has becme a figure knwn t everyne.
51．I figured that if I tk the night train, culd be in Yunnan by mrning.
考向02 词义选择进阶练
根据语境选择合适的选项
1．Hyptheses are widely ________ abut the cause f the deadly Jeju Air plane crash that killed 179 peple n bard after reprting a bird strike, but n significant cnsensus (共识) has yet been reached.
A．variedB．restredC．renewedD．rushed
2．The luxury clthing brand reprtedly attributed its decline in earnings t a shift twards “affrdable ” amng Chinese cnsumers n tp f ther external factrs.
A．variatinsB．fferingsC．alternativesD．replicas
3．Chinese cartns becme mre ppular and we ________ t see mre in the future.
A．expressB．explainC．enjyD．expect
4．The ld man ________ described his childhd adventures, making us feel like we were right there with him.
A．vilentlyB．virtuallyC．significantlyD．vividly
5．His first ________ t climb the muntain failed, but he decided t try again.
A．effectB．attemptC．intentinD．experiment
6．We visited an art ________ at the museum last weekend.
A．extensinB．perfrmanceC．exhibitinD．cncert
7．The jurnalist gave a detailed ________ f the event in her reprt.
A．accuntB．annuncementC．pininD．prf
8．My uncle is very ________; he always dnates mney t charity.
A．selfishB．generusC．humrusD．serius
9．My little sister wants t remain ________ and she can take gd care f herself even thugh she’s still yung.
A．creativeB．respnsibleC．independentD．patient
10．After careful cnsideratin, she decided t refuse the ffer t jin the prject, citing the ________ as a result f cnflicting cmmitments at the current time.
A．declinatinB．dedicatinC．decisinD．cautin
11．They did everything they culd t make me feel ________ hme.
A．nB．inC．atD．fr
12．The ability t ________ t new envirnments and situatins is a key aspect f successful________ in the natural wrld.
A．adapt; adaptatinB．adpt; adptin
C．adapting, adptinD．adpting, adaptatin
13．She was praised fr her________calculatin, which demnstrated her cmmitment t precisin in her wrk.
A．accurateB．disabledC．previusD．sympathetic
14．She made a mistake and ffered a heartfelt ________ t mend the relatinship.
A．alternativeB．ancestrC．aplgyD．symbl
15．He had t________the respnsibility when the team failed t achieve their gals, and the weight f that failure was a heavy burden n him.
A．mtivateB．vercmeC．delayD．shulder
16．The cmmittee discussed the mixed views n envirnmental plicy, highlighting the________between industrial develpment and cnservatin effrts.
A．cnceptB．anxietyC．cncertD．cnflict
17．The ________ refer t thse wh lived in ancient times, especially the Egyptians, Greeks and Rmans.
A．ancientB．incidentC．cincidentD．mdern
18．Withut the parents’ ________, she was nt allwed t jin the team.
A．selectinB．permissinC．devtinD．bjectin
19．I prefer t keep my private life private, discussing persnal issues privately with trusted friends t ensure my ________ is respected.
A．functinB．fellwC．privacyD．attempt
20．In the vast desert, he felt as if he had been________by the wrld, left alne with his thughts and fears.
A．exchangedB．desertedC．imaginedD．sptted
21．The teacher________ the students fr their exceptinal perfrmance in the science fair.
A．cmmunicatedB．praisedC．frightenedD．replaced
22．The new park has been designed t be________ t everyne, prviding easy access fr peple f all abilities.
A．accessibleB．ptentialC．greedyD．distant
23．The CEO held a meeting regarding the recent layff t cut dwn expenses in cmpany plicy, which made many emplyees feel ________ abut their future.
A．satisfiedB．determinedC．cncernedD．visible
24．The sudden lss f a lved ne deeply ________ the entire family, wh struggled t supprt each ther thrugh the difficult time.
A．weighedB．peratedC．affectedD．frced
25．The manager________ yur prpsal ver the thers due t its creativity.
A．favrsB．chargesC．warnsD．cmpares
26．The singer’s latest album’s success has cntributed significantly t her rising ________
A．ppularityB．prmiseC．cnditinD．subject
27．Cmpleting this prject ________ strict adherence t all safety rules and all team members shuld underg the necessary training.
A．suffersB．preventsC．cnnectsD．requires
28．He tk her advice int cnsideratin, fr she was always ________and helpful.
A．unexpectedB．acceptableC．valuableD．cnsiderate
29．Over several hurs, he wuld tell me abut hw he had ______ a tw-year prfessinal schl t quickly find a jb building highways in rder t help supprt his family.
A．visitedB．financedC．attendedD．funded
30．With their unique identity and spirit cntinues t exist in every crner f the cuntry, ________ cmmunities in Australia have lng been guardians f the land.
A．histricB．diverseC．virtualD．abriginal
考向03 同义替换拔高练
Grup 1
根据句子内容，从每组的选项中选出能匹配句子中划线部分意义的选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
1．I am frightened f walking hme alne in the dark.
2．He didn’t pass the exam at his first attempt, but it was a gd attempt.
3．She tried t explain what had happened but her sn kept interrupting her.
4．Residents are anxiusly waiting fr a decisin.
5．It is imprtant that students develp the awareness f hw much their phnes shuld be used.
6．This is nt nly an hnur fr herself, but als recgnitin and encuragement fr all scientists in China.
7．Nt nly is he knwn as a superher in the film, but he is als regarded as a superman t many in real life.
8．Tu Yuyu and her team have made a remarkable cntributin t mankind.
9．Simple mvements in Beijing Opera ften represent mre cmplex actins.
10．His injuries were s severe that he had n mvement r feeling in his bdy at all.
Grup 2
根据句子内容，从每组的选项中选出能匹配句子中划线部分意义的选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
11．Of the six peple injured in the crash, nly tw survived.
12．We asked fr advice frm the renwned legal expert, Sam Pincher.
13．The gallery is hsting an exhibitin f his wrk.
14．“Just listen fr a mment,” he interrupted her angrily.
15．They gave a summary f their prgress in building the bridge.
16．They were very curius abut the peple wh lived upstairs.
17．The disease has the ptential t cause a glbal health emergency.
18．Nw dctrs believe they have cured him f the disease.
19．She had made their childhd s jyus and carefree.
20．When asked abut the cmpany’s future, the directr respnded that he remained ptimistic.
Grup 3
根据句子内容，从每组的选项中选出能匹配句子中划线部分意义的选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
21．Only I sn fund ut why my weapn had nt entered its skin, but bunced ff.
22．When the directr was 35, he chse t wrk abrad t imprve his career prspects.
23．Because mney was lacking fr the prject, the cmmittee did nt apprve f it.
24．All can wrk well, but why d many adaptatins and indeed remakes fail with bth cinema audiences and critics?
25．Yu shuld be bjective when writing things like summaries r news articles, but feel free t be subjective fr arguments and pinins.
26．It becmes a questin fr screenwriters t decide what is apprpriate fr the screen and what t leave ut.
27．Sme peple find it is difficult t grasp the idea.
28．Hw she manages t fit s much int a wrking day is beynd my cmprehensin.
29．The whispering furniture is as frightening as anything in mdern times.
30．T ften we make decisins based slely upn what we see in the magazines.
题型一 阅读理解
A
Thrughut all the events in my life, ne in particular sticks ut mre than the thers. As I reflect n this significant event, a smile spreads acrss my face. As I think f Shanda, I feel lved and grateful.
It was my twelfth year f dancing and I thught it wuld end up like any ther year: stuck in emptiness, frgtten and withut the belief f any teacher r friend that I really had the ptential t achieve greatness.
Hwever, I met Shanda, a yung, talented chregrapher (舞蹈指导). She influenced me t wrk t the best f my ability, pushed me t keep ging when I wanted t give up, encuraged me and shwed me the real imprtance f dancing. Thrughut ur hard wrk, nt nly did my ability t dance grw, but my friendship with Shanda grew as well.
With the end f the year came ur shw time. As I walked t a backstage filled with ther dancers, I hped fr a gd perfrmance that wuld prve my imprvement. I waited anxiusly fr my turn. Finally, after what seemed like days, the ludspeaker annunced my name. Butterflies filled my stmach as I tk trembling steps nt the big lighted stage. But, with the determinatin t succeed and eagerness t live up t Shanda’s expectatins fr me, I began t dance. All my trubles and nerves went away as I danced my whle heart ut.
As I walked up t the judge t receive my first place shining, gld trphy (奖杯), I realized that dance is nt abut becming the best. It was abut lving dance fr dance itself, a getaway frm all my prblems in the wrld. Shanda shwed me that yu culd let everything g and just dance what yu feel at that mment. After all the dubts that peple had in me, I believed in myself and did nt care what thers thught. Thanks t Shanda, dance became mre than a lve f mine, but a passin.
1．What did the authr think her dancing wuld be fr the twelfth year?
A．A change fr the better.B．A disappintment as befre.
C．A prf f her ptential.D．A pride f her teachers and friends.
2．Hw did Shanda help the authr?
A．By ffering her help with mney.B．By entering her in a cmpetitin.
C．By awakening her passin fr dancing.D．By caching her fr lnger hurs.
3．Hw did the authr feel when she stepped n the stage?
A．Nervus.B．Relaxed.C．Cnfused.D．Prud.
4．What can we learn frm the authr’s stry?
A．Success lies in patience.B．Fame is what the yung lng fr.
C．A gd teacher really matters.D．A yuth is t be treated with respect.
B
The New Year is a time fr celebratin fr almst everyne f the wrld. In Britain, peple g t pubs and nightclubs t dance the ld year away, and t welcme in the new ne at midnight.
In recent years, street parties have becme mre ppular. Thusands f peple gather in squares, main streets r n the river banks t listen t bands playing and t see firewrks displays.
Fr peple wh stay at hme, mst are attracted by the special, live New Year shws n TV. They are waiting fr the cuntdwn, alng with the presenters, frm 10 t 1 as the last secnd f the ld year away and the bells f the New Year are rung.
In Sctland, peple visit their neighbrs and drink, dance n New Year’s Eve. If yu’re invited t a Scttish hme that night, it’s imprtant t knw what t bring with yu: a lump f cal，sme shrtbread and sme whisky.
The cal shws warmth, s yu’re wishing the peple yu visit will have enugh heat in the cming year. The shrtbread represents fd, s yu’re hping that the peple will have enugh t eat in the new year. Sme Scts call whisky “the water f life”, s when yu hand ver yur bttle t yur hsts, it means yu want them t have enugh t drink ver the next 12 mnths.
And there’s ne mre key task yu still have t perfrm if yu can. The first persn t knck n a neighbr’s dr is suppsed t be a tall, dark, and handsme man wh will bring gd luck t the husehld.But what if that’s nt yu? Well, dn’t ring the bell just yet. Wait a while and the right persn is sure t turn up sn!
5．What is the best title fr this passage?
A．Seeing the ld year ff in Britain.
B．Celebratins f a British New Year.
C．Visiting Scttish hmes n New Year’s Eve.
D．Sending gd luck in the New Year.
6．Why d visitrs take things t a Scttish hme n New Year’s Eve?
A．T share gd fd and warmth.
B．T help thse pr families.
C．T send best wishes t the families.
D．T shw richness and genersity.
7．The phrase “the right persn” in the last sentence refers t “ ________ ”.
A．the presenter f a special TV shw.
B．a tall, dark and handsme man.
C．a man with cal, shrtbread and whisky.
D．yur neighbr.
8．We knw frm the passage that ________ .
A．British peple hate t think f the ld year and wish t dance it away quickly.
B．street cncerts have becme mre ppular n New Year’s Eve.
C．British peple let ff firewrks in public places t celebrate the New Year.
D．peple stay at hme ding nthing but wait fr the bell f the New Year t ring.
题型二 七选五
Three Cups Of Cffee A Day Culd Benefit Yur Heart
There is nthing quite like that first drink f mrning cffee, nr the relief f a shrt afternn cffee break in the middle f a wrk day. Nw, a new study shws that nt nly is a cffee (r tea) habit a pleasant part f a day’s rutine, it may als help avid cardimetablic diseases (心血管代谢疾病).
Three cups a day
There has lng been evidence that drinking abut three cups f cffee a day culd be gd fr yur health. 9
Nw, the 2024 study suggests that drinking three cups f cffee a day culd lwer the develpment f cardimetablic multimrbidity (多重病症). 10 . It includes type 2 diabetes, strke, r heart disease.
The researchers fllwed 180,000 British peple in the UK Bibank. 11 At the start f the study, nne f the subjects had a cardimetablic disease. The study shwed that peple wh cnsumed middling amunts f caffeine: three cups f cffee a day, r 200 t 300 milligrams a day, had reduced risks f develping new nset cardimetablic multimrbidity.
Prmising results
Hwever, despite the prmising results f this study, ne shuld still be cautius. There are still questins abut the cnnectin between cffee and heart health. The benefits f cffee still have t be explred.
“ 12 And the psitive relatins are all explained by sme unknwn factr. Fr example, perhaps thse mre likely t cnsume cffee als tend t have a healthier diet r t be mre physically active,” said Dr Gregry Marcus, prfessr f medicine at UC, San Francisc.
Whatever the case, it appears that caffeine can be gd fr yur health. 13 This habit may keep yu healthier.
A．One f its tasks is tracking peple’s lng-term health.
B．Here are the benefits f drinking three cups f cffee a day.
C．S cffee drinkers can cheer and enjy their favrite drinks.
D．It is when a persn develps several cardimetablic diseases.
E．Drinking that much cffee culd reduce the risk f heart attack.
F．It remains pssible that the prtective effects d nt truly exist at all.
G．Peple wh didn’t drink cffee at all had a reduced risk f 48. 1 percent.
（2025年新高考I卷阅读理解C篇）C
When Snja Detrinidad pened her nline shp selling huseplants, she didn’t have high hpes fr it. But the ppsite happened: She was flded, shipping ut 1,200 rders in June f 2020 alne. In the past year, Detrinidad sent ut mre than 70,000 plants. Her success is just ne example f increased time at hme leading t an explsin in the huseplant industry.
“Plants are in fashin right nw,” says Dr. Melinda Knuth, a researcher frm the University f Flrida. “Peple wh live in plant-rich envirnments reprt a higher life satisfactin rating, ” she says. “Adding mre nature t ur envirnment can change ur md and hw we think.” Plants can imprve ur state f mind in a few ways but the biggest is by decreasing ur level f crtisl, the stress hrmne (激素) in ur bdy.
“Students wh are arund plants perfrm better academically than students wh are in a classrm withut plants,” says Knuth. “This prductivity als translates int the wrkplace fr adults. Our study shwed that there was a 30% decrease in sick leave fr peple wh were in plant-rich wrkplaces.”
If yu’re amng the grups f peple wh are enjying the mental and physical health benefits f surrunding yurself with plants, dn’t beat yurself up if ne (r a few!) desn’t make it. “Dctrs practice medicine and lawyers practice law and yu shuld allw yurself the practice it takes t sustain a plant. Tending t plants is an exercise in patience and learning. Be invested in taking care f it, but if it dies, g get anther ne,” Detrinidad says.
8. Hw was Detrinidad’s business when it started?
A. It faced tugh cmpetitin.B. It suffered a great lss.
C. It gt lts f financial supprt.D. It went surprisingly well.
9. What is ne f Knuth’s findings abut plants?
A. They appeal mre t students.B. They purify the envirnment.
C. They raise the crtisl level.D. They enhance prductivity.
10. What des Detrinidad try t explain by mentining dctrs and lawyers?
A. The necessity f scial skills.B. The meaning f sustainability.
C. The imprtance f repeated effrts.D. The value f prfessinal pinins.
11. What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A. Time t Replace HuseplantsB. Plants Bst Yur Md
C. Tips n Chsing HuseplantsD. Plants Brighten Yur Hme
A．unusual r surprising in a way that cause peple t take ntice
B．the act f accepting that sth exists, is true r is fficial
C． Afraid, feeling fear
D．wrriedly r nervusly
E. difficult t understand
F. an act f trying t d sth., especially sth. difficult, ften with n success
G. extremely bad r serius
H. knwing sth., knwing that sth. exists and is imprtant
I. A strng feeling f lve, hatred, anger, enthusiasm, etc.
J. t say r d sth. that makes sb. stp what they are saying r ding
K t think abut sb. /sth. in a particular way
L. hpefully and jyfully
A．having a strng desire t knw abut smething.
B．a cllectin f things, fr example wrks f art, that are shwn t the public.
C． t give a answer t smebdy/smething.
D．a film r a radi r televisin prgramme giving facts abut smething.
E. able t speak, read r write a language, especially a freign language, easily and well.
F. t say r d smething that makes smebdy stp what they are saying r ding.
G. the pssibility f smething happening r being develped r used.
H. famus and respected.
I. t make a persn r an animal healthy again after an illness.
J. a shrt statement that gives nly the main pints f smething, nt the details.
K. t cntinue t live r exist.
L. very happy; causing peple t be happy.
A．nt invlving anything r anyne else
B．happening in a slw way ver a lng perid f time
C． t fficially accept a plan, prpsal etc
D．t hit a surface and then immediately mve away frm it
E. t think that smene r smething is gd, right, r suitable
F. t cmpletely understand a fact r an idea, especially a cmplicated ne
G. a film r televisin prgramme that is based n a bk r play
H. influenced by r based n persnal beliefs r feelings, rather than based n facts
I. crrect r suitable fr a particular situatin r ccasin
J. the ability t understand cmpletely and be aware f a situatin, facts, etc
K. the pssibility that smething gd might happen in the future
L. t speak r say smething very quietly, using yur breath rather than yur vice