人教版八年级下册英语Unit 1 Time to Relax 单元基础卷（含听力和解析）

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人教版八年级下册Unit 1 Time to Relax基础卷 听力原文+答案+解析（考试时间：80分钟 满分：120分）第一部分 听力（20分）听力原文Ⅰ. 短对话理解（每段读1遍）W: What do you usually do in your free time? M: I don’t like playing musical instruments. I often do calligraphy to calm myself down. Q: What does the boy do in his free time?M: Lucy, you always get up early. Is it to catch the early bus? W: No. I get up early to do exercise in the park every morning. Q: Why does Lucy get up early?M: Did you see your mother when you got home yesterday? W: Yes. She was painting a picture in the living room. She loves painting very much. Q: What did the girl see her mother do?W: I usually go hiking with my family on weekends. What about you? M: I want to try horse riding. My friend said it’s very interesting. Q: Which activity does the boy want to try?M: Do you practice calligraphy every week? W: Yes. I practice it for half an hour every Saturday and half an hour on Sunday. Q: How long does the girl practice calligraphy every week?W: What did the teacher tell you in class today? M: She told us not to give up easily when we meet difficulties in hobbies. Q: What does the teacher tell the students not to do?W: Tom, you play football every afternoon. Why do you like it so much? M: I have a lot of stress from study. Playing football helps me reduce it. Q: Why does Tom like playing football?M: Hi, Lily. What are you up to? W: I’m watching TV. What about you? M: I’m collecting postcards. I have many from foreign countries. Q: What is the boy up to?W: You swim very well. Who taught you? M: My father wanted me to learn swimming, but he was busy. So an instructor taught me. Q: Who taught the boy to swim?M: What’s your hobby? W: I like collecting stamps. It helps me know more about foreign cultures. I think it’s very meaningful. Q: What does the girl think of her hobby?Ⅱ. 长对话理解（每段读2遍）第一段对话（第11-12小题）M: Lily, what’s your favorite hobby? Do you like playing the guitar? W: No. My favorite hobby is collecting stamps. I have a big album of stamps. M: When did you start collecting stamps? W: I started when I was 7 years old. My uncle gave me my first stamp as a birthday gift. Q11: What is Lily's favorite hobby? Q12: When did Lily start her hobby?第二段对话（第13-15小题）W: Jack, you are learning programming recently. Why? M: Because I want to be a programmer in the future. It’s my dream job. W: Is it difficult to learn? How do you learn it? M: It’s a little difficult, but interesting. I learn from an instructor. He is very strict but helpful. W: Do you like it? M: Yes. I think programming is very interesting. It makes me think carefully. Q13: Why does Jack want to learn programming? Q14: How does Jack learn programming? Q15: What does Jack think of programming?听力答案（20分）Ⅰ. 短对话理解（1-10小题）：1.B 2.B 3.A 4.A 5.B 6.A 7.B 8.C 9.C 10.BⅡ. 长对话理解（11-15小题）：11.C 12.B 13.B 14.C 15.B第二部分 笔试（100分）Ⅰ. 完形填空（每小题1分，共15分）答案：16.A 17.D 18.B 19.A 20.C 21.B 22.C 23.A 24.D 25.B 26.A 27.C 28.B 29.A 30.D解析16.A：考查动词辨析。encourage sb to do（鼓励某人做）；push（推动，语气强硬）；advise（建议，用法为advise sb to do）；order（命令）。结合奶奶的身份，用encourages更贴切，句意为“奶奶教我画画，并鼓励我坚持练习”。17.D：考查动词短语。give up（放弃）；get over（克服）；put off（推迟）；turn down（拒绝）。前文说“害怕犯错”，奶奶应鼓励“不要轻易放弃”，故选D。18.B：考查动词辨析。push sb to do（鞭策某人做）；hope（希望，用法为hope to do，不能接sb to do）；want（想要，want sb to do，但语气不如push贴合“鼓励尝试新风格”）；allow（允许）。结合语境，奶奶鞭策“我”尝试新风格，选B。19.A：考查介词。in one’s bedroom（在某人卧室里），固定搭配，选A。20.C：考查动词辨析。reduce stress（减轻压力），对应业余爱好的好处；increase（增加）、add（添加）、raise（提高）均不符合语境，选C。21.B：考查名词辨析。stress（压力）；inspiration（灵感）；fear（恐惧）；sadness（悲伤）。得到表扬会带来灵感，选B。22.C：考查固定搭配。spend time doing sth（花费时间做某事），故选finishing，句意为“我花了三天时间完成参赛作品”。23.A：考查形容词辨析。interested（感兴趣的，修饰人）；interesting（有趣的，修饰物）；bored（无聊的，修饰人）；boring（无聊的，修饰物）。make sb + 形容词（修饰人），结合语境“这次经历让我对画画更感兴趣”，选A。24.D：考查动词辨析。express feelings（表达情感），固定搭配；show（展示）、tell（告诉）均不与feelings搭配，选D。25.B：考查连词。前文“当画家不容易”，后文“会坚持尝试”，表转折，用but，选B。26.A：考查连词。if（如果）；though（虽然）；because（因为）；unless（除非）。句意为“如果我永不放弃，我相信能实现梦想”，表条件，选A。27.C：考查疑问词。how to stick to things（如何坚持事情），结合句意“爱好教我们如何坚持”，选C。28.B：考查时态。her words是第三人称单数，结合上下文用现在完成时has inspired，表“她的话一直激励着我”，选B。29.A：考查动词辨析。keep it（坚持它，指代画画）；hold（持有）、take（带走）、bring（带来）均不符合语境，选A。30.D：考查形容词辨析。meaningful（有意义的）；meaningless（无意义的）；boring（无聊的）；difficult（困难的）。结合全文，画画让生活更丰富有意义，选D。Ⅱ. 阅读理解（每小题2分，共30分）答案：31.B 32.A 33.C 34.B 35.D 36.C 37.D 38.B 39.A 40.B 41.C 42.B 43.A 44.C 45.A解析A篇31.B：细节理解题。由第一段“I started learning it at the age of eight”可知，Tom8岁开始学长笛，选B。32.A：细节理解题。由第一段“I practice playing the flute for 40 minutes every evening”可知，每天晚上练习40分钟，选A。33.C：细节理解题。由第三段“Next term, I want to join the school music club”可知，下学期想加入学校音乐俱乐部，选C。B篇34.B：细节理解题。由第二段“She has over 150 postcards”可知，Linda有超过150张明信片，选B。35.D：细节理解题。由第三段“He goes hiking with his father every weekend”可知，Mike和爸爸一起徒步，选D。36.C：细节理解题。由第四段“she grows tomatoes, carrots, flowers and some green vegetables”可知，Lucy种了花和蔬菜，选C。37.D：推理判断题。由第二段“collecting postcards helps her relax”、第三段“Hiking makes Mike strong”、第四段“gardening is a great way to relax”可知，三人都认为爱好能让人放松，选D。C篇38.B：细节理解题。由第一段“It is not only a fun activity but also good for people's health”可知，游泳有趣且有益健康，选B。39.A：细节理解题。由第二段“they asked her to learn swimming with a professional instructor”可知，父母让她学游泳，选A。40.B：细节理解题。由第二段“After two months of continuous practice, she could swim well”可知，花了两个月时间学好游泳，选B。41.C：细节理解题。由第三段“Always swim with your parents or a teacher”可知，学游泳要和父母或老师一起，选C。D篇42.B：细节理解题。由第一段“They can help us relax... develop new skills and make more friends”可知，爱好能帮助放松和学习技能，选B。43.A：细节理解题。由第二段“you should first think about your own interests... You should also consider your time”可知，选爱好要考虑兴趣和时间，选A。44.C：细节理解题。由第三段“Reading, for example, is a cheap and meaningful hobby”可知，阅读是便宜的爱好，选C。45.A：词义猜测题。前文“不要轻易放弃”，后文“会享受爱好的乐趣”，可推测persistence意为“坚持”，选A。Ⅲ. 任务型阅读（每小题2分，共10分）答案：46.B 47.A 48.D 49.C 50.F解析46.B：段落主旨匹配。由“Choosing a hobby you like”可知，本段讲“选自己喜欢的爱好”，对应选项B。47.A：段落主旨匹配。由“Don't be afraid to try new things”可知，本段讲“尝试新事物”，对应选项A。48.D：段落主旨匹配。由“Set a time for your hobby every week”可知，本段讲“设定固定时间”，对应选项D。49.C：段落主旨匹配。由“Share your hobby with others”可知，本段讲“和他人分享”，对应选项C。50.F：段落主旨匹配。由“Don't give up easily... Persistence is the key”可知，本段讲“坚持不懈”，对应选项F。Ⅳ. 词汇部分（共25分）A. 选词填空（每小题1分，共5分）答案：51.inspires 52.express 53.stress 54.fear 55.managed解析51.inspires：考查动词时态和词义。inspire sb to do（激励某人做），主语the story是第三人称单数，用一般现在时inspires，句意为“傅星的故事激励很多学生勇敢面对恐惧”。52.express：考查动词。express feelings（表达情感），like to do后接动词原形，选express。53.stress：考查名词。reduce stress（减轻压力），为固定搭配，填名词stress。54.fear：考查名词。his后接名词，fear of flying（飞行恐惧），填fear。55.managed：考查动词时态。manage to do（设法完成），结合语境“比赛前设法完成画作”，用一般过去时managed。B. 短文填空（每小题1分，共10分）答案：56.manager 57.when 58.playing 59.stress 60.for 61.because 62.improving 63.from 64.because 65.too解析56.manager：考查词性转换。a后接名词，manage的名词形式为manager（经理），句意为“我叔叔是一家公司的经理”。57.when：考查连词。when引导时间状语从句，句意为“他20岁的时候开始弹吉他”。58.playing：考查固定搭配。practice doing sth（练习做某事），填playing。59.stress：考查名词。work stress（工作压力），对应中文提示，填stress。60.for：考查介词。play for sb（为某人演奏），句意为“周末他为家人弹吉他”。61.because：考查连词。后文“轻柔优美”是喜欢民谣的原因，用because表原因。62.improving：考查非谓语动词。for是介词，后接动名词improving。63.from：考查固定搭配。learn from others（向别人学习），填from。64.because：考查连词。前文“不要放弃爱好”，后文“能让生活更有意义”，表原因，用because。65.too：考查副词。too用于肯定句末尾，表“也”；either用于否定句末尾，本句是肯定句，填too。C. 语法填空（每小题1分，共10分）答案：66.our 67.with 68.makes 69.was 70.has encouraged 71.without 72.a 73.colorful 74.With 75.teenagers解析66.our：考查形容词性物主代词。修饰名词skills，用we的形容词性物主代词our，句意为“培养我们的技能”。67.with：考查介词。learn sth with sb（和某人一起学某事），句意为“两年前我和奶奶一起开始学书法”。68.makes：考查时态。it是第三人称单数，结合上下文用一般现在时makes，句意为“它让我感到平静”。69.was：考查时态和主谓一致。主语the prize是单数，结合前文“last month”用一般过去时was。70.has encouraged：考查时态。结合语境“这个奖项极大地激励了我”，用现在完成时has encouraged，表对现在的影响。71.without：考查介词。句意为“没有努力，我无法进步”，without（没有）符合语境。72.a：考查冠词。hobby是可数名词单数，用不定冠词a修饰，句意为“每个人都应该有一个爱好”。73.colorful：考查词性转换。make sth + 形容词，color的形容词形式为colorful（多彩的）。74.With：考查介词。with persistence（凭借坚持），句首首字母大写，表“凭借坚持，我们会从爱好中收获很多”。75.teenagers：考查名词复数。teenager是可数名词，此处表泛指“青少年”，用复数teenagers。Ⅴ. 书面表达（10分）参考范文Dear Jason,I’m glad to receive your letter. My favorite free-time activity is yoga. I started it last year because my mom wanted me to reduce stress from study.I usually practice yoga for 30 minutes every morning in my bedroom. My mom teaches me some basic moves, and she always encourages me to keep going.Yoga helps me stay calm and relaxed. It also makes my body more flexible. I’ve become more patient because of it. It’s really a meaningful hobby.What about your hobby? I’m looking forward to your reply.Yours,Li Hua评分标准（10分）内容完整（3分）：覆盖所有提示点（爱好、开始原因、时间地点、好处），缺一点扣1分。语法正确（2分）：无语法错误得满分，每处语法错误扣0.5分，扣完为止。语句流畅（2分）：句式多样、表达自然得满分，语句生硬、重复扣1-2分。逻辑清晰（1分）：上下文衔接连贯得满分，逻辑混乱扣1分。格式正确（1分）：书信格式（称呼、结尾敬语、署名）正确得满分，格式错误扣1分。词数达标（1分）：80-90词得满分，不足或超出过多扣1分。