高考英语二轮-阅读表达（专项训练）（北京专用）（教师版）

这是一份高考英语二轮-阅读表达（专项训练）（北京专用）（教师版），共87页。试卷主要包含了simply 16，考查非谓语动词，考查宾语从句等内容，欢迎下载使用。
目录
TOC \ "1-2" \h \u \l "_Tc17943" 01 课标达标练
\l "_Tc30632" 题型01 细节信息题
\l "_Tc10254" 题型02 判断对错题
\l "_Tc16505" 题型03 开放微写作题
\l "_Tc20184" 02 核心突破练
\l "_Tc5699" 03 真题溯源练
题型01 细节信息题
Passage 1
(2025届北京市朝阳区高三下学期二模考试英语试题) 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
Gd news fr prcrastinatrs (拖延者): There is a way t use prcrastinatin t yur advantage. Mst prcrastinatrs make the mistake f ding nthing at all. But when yu use prcrastinatin as mtivatin t get things dne, yu can avid ding that ne thing yu really wuld rather nt d and be quite prductive. It’s what essayist Jhn Perry calls “structured prcrastinatin”.
Let’s say, fr example, yu have a number f tasks yu are aviding, in rder f urgency:1) Finishing an essay; 2) Respnding t emails; 3) Cleaning and ding laundry. A nn-prcrastinatr wuld accmplish these tasks in rder f urgency. A prcrastinatr wuld avid ding them altgether. But a structured prcrastinatr wuld d them in reverse (反向) — using his desire t avid writing the essay as mtivatin t d cleaning and respnd t emails. Since he can reprgram by wrking n ther things that are still valuable, he is actually getting a lt dne.
Cllege senir Jrdan Gnen is what yu might call a structured prcrastinatr. When he is vercme with fear f hmewrk, he’ll preccupy himself with what he calls “quick wins”—sending emails and writing articles fr his blg. “It’s still prcrastinating my hmewrk, but instead f ding nthing in the meantime, I’m still getting a lt dne,” Gnen says.
Once he gets thrugh these tasks, Gnen can mre easily get int the mindset f tackling his hmewrk. “A lt f these smaller tasks aren’t particularly fun r prductive, but if yu can really knck them ut really quickly ver a certain perid f time, then yu can get a lt mre dne and it desn’t feel necessarily wrse — yu’ re just wrking 100 percent n whatever yu’ re wrking n,” Gnen says.
1．What is “structured prcrastinatin”?

2．Hw wuld structured prcrastinatrs handle a number f tasks they are aviding?

3．Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
Gnen gets thrugh his smaller tasks first because they are fun and prductive.
4．Wuld yu use structured prcrastinatin in yur daily life? Why r why nt? (In abut 40 wrds)

【答案】1．Using prcrastinatin as mtivatin t get things dne. 2．They wuld reprgram by wrking n ther things that are still valuable. 3．Gnen gets thrugh his smaller tasks first because they are fun and prductive.Because they can help Gnen get int the mindset f tackling his hmewrk. 4．Yes, I’d use structured prcrastinatin. By tackling smaller, valuable tasks first (like emails), I’d build mmentum and avid anxiety. This way, I’d still achieve prgress while pstpning tugh wrk, striking a balance between prductivity and mental ease.
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了如何利用拖延症提高效率的方法。
1．考查细节理解。由文章第一段中“Gd news fr prcrastinatrs (拖延者): There is a way t use prcrastinatin t yur advantage. Mst prcrastinatrs make the mistake f ding nthing at all. But when yu use prcrastinatin as mtivatin t get things dne, yu can avid ding that ne thing yu really wuld rather nt d and be quite prductive. It’s what essayist Jhn Perry calls “structured prcrastinatin”. (对于拖延者来说，有个好消息：有一种方法可以让拖延为你所用。大多数拖延者都犯了什么都不做的错误。但当你把拖延当作完成任务的动力时，你可以避开那件你真的不想做的事情，并且还能保持相当高的效率。这就是散文家约翰・佩里所说的“结构化拖延”。)”可知，“结构化拖延”是指把拖延当作完成事情的动力。故答案为Using prcrastinatin as mtivatin t get things dne.
2．考查细节理解。由文章第二段中“But a structured prcrastinatr wuld d them in reverse (反向) — using his desire t avid writing the essay as mtivatin t d cleaning and respnd t emails. Since he can reprgram by wrking n ther things that are still valuable, he is actually getting a lt dne. (但一个有规划的拖延者会反向做这些事——利用他避免写论文的欲望作为动力去做清洁和回复邮件。因为他可以通过做其他有价值的事情来重新安排自己的时间，所以他实际上做了很多事情。)”可知，有规划的拖延者会通过处理其他仍然有价值的事情来重新规划。故答案为They wuld reprgram by wrking n ther things that are still valuable.
3．考查细节理解。由文章最后一段中““A lt f these smaller tasks aren’t particularly fun r prductive, but if yu can really knck them ut really quickly ver a certain perid f time, then yu can get a lt mre dne and it desn’t feel necessarily wrse — yu’ re just wrking 100 percent n whatever yu’ re wrking n,” Gnen says. (Gnen说：“很多这样的小任务并不是特别有趣或高效，但如果你能在一定时间内迅速完成它们，那么你就能完成更多的事情，而且感觉也不一定更糟——你只是全身心地投入到正在做的事情中。”)”可知，Gnen先完成这些较小的任务，并不是因为它们有趣且富有成效，而是因为快速完成这些任务后可以完成更多的事情。所以“Gnen gets thrugh his smaller tasks first because they are fun and prductive.”这句话中“because they are fun and prductive”部分错误。故答案为Gnen gets thrugh his smaller tasks first because they are fun and prductive. Because they can help Gnen get int the mindset f tackling his hmewrk.
4．开放性题目。此题要求回答：你会在日常生活中使用结构化拖延吗？为什么或为什么不呢？答案不唯一，合理即可。例如：是的，我会采用结构化拖延法。通过先处理一些较小且有价值的任务（比如回复电子邮件），我能够积攒动力，并且避免焦虑。这样一来，在推迟处理棘手工作的同时，我仍能取得进展，在工作效率和内心轻松之间达成平衡。故答案为Yes, I’d use structured prcrastinatin. By tackling smaller, valuable tasks first (like emails), I’d build mmentum and avid anxiety. This way, I’d still achieve prgress while pstpning tugh wrk, striking a balance between prductivity and mental ease.
Passage 2
(2025届北京市东城区高三下学期二模英语试题)阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
I started running cmpetitively almst as sn as I culd walk. I was three years ld when I jined in my first fficial race. My mm and bth f my brthers were runners, s the sprt was built int my life frm the beginning. When I was yung, I enjyed the freedm, jy, and sense f pwer running gave me. This pure, cncentrated lve f the sprt gave me wings that carried me thrugh even the tughest practices and races.
Hwever, as I gt lder, pressure began t build up. I was winning, but I lst sight f my real purpse as a runner: t have fun. I even began t fear hard wrkuts, knwing I wuld be disappinted if I didn’t achieve my gals. Befre the final seasn in my high schl career, I trained s hard that I gt exhausted and hurt my calf. Rather than pausing fr treatment and recvery, I chse t get t the line. But at last, I had t step ff the track because the pain was simply unbearable.
Recvery was tugh. When I was finally able t run again, I was ut f shape and culdn’t keep up with my team. Over the next three years, mre injuries fllwed. But later, a famus lng-distance runner Cathy’s pst changed everything fr me. “Every day, I make the chice t shw up and see what I’ve gt, and t try and be better. My advice: Keep shwing up.” With just a few wrds, she reminded me hw simple running really is. I realized I didn’t have t be perfect every day. I just had t shw up and give what I had.
Nw, I still run every day and have cmpleted fur marathns. Jy and gratitude are the center f my practice. Thanks t Cathy, I can always return t the calming belief that things will g my way if I just keep shwing up.
1．What did running bring t the authr when she was yung?

2．Why did the authr n lnger enjy running later?

3．Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
> Inspired by Cathy’s pst, the authr realized that she had t fcus n pursuing perfectin.

4．Frm the stry, what can yu learn abut “Keep shwing up”? (In abut 40 wrds)

【答案】1．The freedm, jy, and sense f pwer. 2．Because pressure began t build up. 3．Inspired by Cathy’s pst, the authr realized that she had t fcus n pursuing perfectin. Because the authr realized that she didn’t have t be perfect every day. 4．It means cnsistently trying withut demanding perfectin. By shwing up and ding yur best, prgress and jy will fllw naturally.
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者从童年时期开始参与竞技跑步，到随着年龄增长面临压力、失去跑步的初衷，再到因受伤而反思，最终在一位著名长跑运动员的启发下重新找回跑步的快乐与纯粹的过程。
1．考查细节理解。根据第一段“When I was yung, I enjyed the freedm, jy, and sense f pwer running gave me.(当我年轻的时候，我喜欢跑步给我的自由、快乐和力量感)”可知，在作者年轻的时候，跑步给她带来了自由、快乐和力量的感觉。故答案为The freedm, jy, and sense f pwer.
2．考查细节理解。根据第二段“Hwever, as I gt lder, pressure began t build up. I was winning, but I lst sight f my real purpse as a runner: t have fun. I even began t fear hard wrkuts, knwing I wuld be disappinted if I didn’t achieve my gals.(然而，随着年龄的增长，压力开始累积。我赢了，但我忘记了我作为一名跑步者的真正目的：获得乐趣。我甚至开始害怕艰苦的锻炼，因为我知道如果我没有达到我的目标我会很失望)”可知，因为压力开始累积，所以作者后来不再喜欢跑步了。故答案为Because pressure began t build up.
3．考查细节理解。根据第三段“But later, a famus lng-distance runner Cathy’s pst changed everything fr me. “Every day, I make the chice t shw up and see what I’ve gt, and t try and be better. My advice: Keep shwing up.” With just a few wrds, she reminded me hw simple running really is. I realized I didn’t have t be perfect every day. I just had t shw up and give what I had.(但后来，一位著名的长跑运动员凯西的帖子彻底改变了我。“每一天，我都选择出现在跑道上，看看自己能做到什么程度，并努力超越自我。我的建议是：坚持跑下去。”短短几句话让我恍然大悟——跑步的本质原来如此简单。我明白了不必苛求每天表现完美，只需坚持站上跑道，全力以赴)”可知，受到Cathy帖子的启发，作者意识到不必苛求每天表现完美，只需坚持站上跑道，全力以赴，所以“Inspired by Cathy’s pst, the authr realized that she had t fcus n pursuing perfectin.”中“had t fcus n pursuing perfectin.”是错误的，应改为The authr realized that she didn’t have t be perfect every day.故答案为Inspired by Cathy’s pst, the authr realized that she had t fcus n pursuing perfectin. Because the authr realized that she didn’t have t be perfect every day.
4．开放性试题。要言之有理，注意词数限制。如：根据第三段“But later, a famus lng-distance runner Cathy’s pst changed everything fr me. “Every day, I make the chice t shw up and see what I’ve gt, and t try and be better. My advice: Keep shwing up.” With just a few wrds, she reminded me hw simple running really is. I realized I didn’t have t be perfect every day. I just had t shw up and give what I had.(但后来，一位著名的长跑运动员凯西的帖子彻底改变了我。“每一天，我都选择出现在跑道上，看看自己能做到什么程度，并努力超越自我。我的建议是：坚持跑下去。”短短几句话让我恍然大悟——跑步的本质原来如此简单。我明白了不必苛求每天表现完美，只需坚持站上跑道，全力以赴)”可知，“Keep shwing up”意味着不断地尝试而不要求完美。通过表现和尽你最大的努力，进步和快乐自然会随之而来。故答案为It means cnsistently trying withut demanding perfectin. By shwing up and ding yur best, prgress and jy will fllw naturally.
Passage 3
(2025届北京市海淀区高三下学期期末练习（二模）英语试题)阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
“Yur rder is n its way!” Is there any ntificatin that brings mre jy than this? But there culd be mre behind yur mtivatins fr hitting “buy nw”. A survey fund ver a quarter f respndents reprted “dm spending” — splashing cash n unnecessary purchases despite ecnmic cncerns t cpe with stress.
Dm spending can put yu at risk f financial stress, cause tensin in relatinships, evke feelings f shame, and drain yur bank balance f funds that culd be spent therwise. But why is it s hard t resist the urge t spend?
The reasn we feel happy and satisfied when swiping ur credit cards is the dpamine rush it ffers. Interestingly, the dpamine desn’t turn up in the acquisitin f smething. It ccurs in the impulse r the mtivatin t g frth and hunt. In ther wrds, it’s the try-n f the perfect shes r the test drive f the new car rather than the actual buying. S when feeling the urge t buy, pause, nte the item and wait at least 24 hurs befre acting, allwing time fr dpamine’s effect t flw thrugh the bdy. Yu may find that after the effect wears ff, yu dn’t have the urge t buy.
Fr sme peple, shpping serves as a cping mechanism — a way t find cmfrt and build self-esteem r self-cnfidence. They ften turn t that prduct again and again, hping it will make them feel a little bit better. Hwever, this inability t prperly self-sthe can result in a “treat yurself” mentality after a bad day. If yu feel the need fr a treat r sme self-care, put yur credit card away and reach fr smething mre whlesme and lng-lasting like meditatin, spending time in nature, r cnnecting with friends. These alternatives nt nly prvide lnger-lasting benefits but als help fill yur emtinal well-being.
But being mindful with mney desn’t have t mean aviding spending n little things that bring yu jy. Little splurges and “treat yurself” mments can be a great way t bring happiness if they are cntrlled. Having allcated funds fr “splurge” purchases, and keeping a list n hw much t spend frm these can create a mre mindful apprach t spending, rather than ne that’s impulsive and stress-mtivated.
1．Accrding t the passage, what is “dm spending”?

2．What are the alternatives t cmfrt yurself instead f spending mney?

3．Please decide which part f the fllwing statement is false, then underline it and explain why.
Dpamine is released when peple actually buy smething, which makes them feel happy and satisfied.
4．What benefit(s) can yu get frm being mindful with mney? (In abut 40 wrds)

【答案】1．It is splashing cash n unnecessary purchases despite ecnmic cncerns t cpe with stress. 2．Meditatin, spending time in nature, r cnnecting with friends. 3．Dpamine is released when peple actually buy smething, which makes them feel happy and satisfied. Dpamine is released in the impulse r the mtivatin t g frth and hunt. 4．Being mindful with mney helps reduce financial stress, fsters healthier relatinships, and preserves funds fr meaningful lng-term gals. By managing impulsive spending, ne can maintain cntrl and experience greater satisfactin frm carefully chsen purchases and healthier emtinal well-being.
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要解释了什么是“厄运消费”以及这种消费背后的原因以及如何避免不必要的消费。
1．考查细节理解。根据第一段“A survey fund ver a quarter f respndents reprted “dm spending” — splashing cash n unnecessary purchases despite ecnmic cncerns t cpe with stress.(一项调查发现，超过四分之一的受访者称自己是“厄运消费”——不顾经济问题，为了应对压力，把钱花在不必要的东西上)”可知，“厄运消费”指的是不顾经济压力，仍在不必要的购买上大笔花钱。故答案为It is splashing cash n unnecessary purchases despite ecnmic cncerns t cpe with stress.
2．考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段“If yu feel the need fr a treat r sme self-care, put yur credit card away and reach fr smething mre whlesme and lng-lasting like meditatin, spending time in nature, r cnnecting with friends.(如果你觉得需要款待或自我照顾，把信用卡收起来，做一些更健康、更持久的事情，比如冥想、花时间在大自然中，或者和朋友联系)”可知，除了花钱，冥想，花时间在大自然中，或者与朋友联系可以得到安慰。故答案为Meditatin, spending time in nature, r cnnecting with friends.
3．考查细节理解。根据第三段“Interestingly, the dpamine desn’t turn up in the acquisitin f smething. It ccurs in the impulse r the mtivatin t g frth and hunt.(有趣的是，多巴胺不会出现在获得某些东西的过程中。它发生在外出狩猎的冲动或动机中)”可知，错误部分为“when peple actually buy smething”，因为多巴胺是在外出狩猎的冲动或动机中释放的。故答案为Dpamine is released when peple actually buy smething, which makes them feel happy and satisfied. Dpamine is released in the impulse r the mtivatin t g frth and hunt.
4．考查开放题。根据“注意金钱能给你带来什么好处？”可回答：注意金钱有助于减轻财务压力，促进更健康的关系，并为有意义的长期目标保留资金；通过管理冲动消费，人们可以保持控制，并从精心选择的购买和更健康的情绪健康中获得更大的满足感。故答案为Being mindful with mney helps reduce financial stress, fsters healthier relatinships, and preserves funds fr meaningful lng-term gals. By managing impulsive spending, ne can maintain cntrl and experience greater satisfactin frm carefully chsen purchases and healthier emtinal well-being.
Passage 4
(2025届北京市海淀区高三下学期一模英语试题)阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
As a nvice teacher at a kindergarten, I spent a lt f time bserving the interactin between experienced teachers and their students. Oftentimes when kids fall, they dn’t start crying immediately. Usually kids will be OK until they lck eyes with an adult: ne that they trust and knw can d smething fr them. When I nticed this, I s wanted it t happen t me, because that meant I had earned a kid’s trust and had prven that I was able t help them with anything.
One day it finally happened. Hearing a kid yell, “Teacher, Sam fell dwn.” I rushed ut and fund Sam, wh was lking puzzled. When ur eyes lcked, his lwer lips started trembling and tears welled up in his eyes. He ran twards me and let me give him a big hug. We checked t make sure he wasn’t hurt. It was in that mment that I realized smething dd. Sam’s vulnerability and cming t me fr help was suppsed t give me mre pwer. But strangely, the pwer,I felt,shifted mre t Sam, because he was giving me a privilege: a gift fr me t d smething fr smene.
With everything I learned frm teaching in the kindergarten, I went t cnquer ther things in life. Later I landed a jb t wrk extensively with vlunteers. I lved the relatinship I was building there and the feeling f being asked fr help.
Over time, I increasingly pressured myself t stay busy and helpful. My self-wrth became assciated with my perfrmance at wrk, which brught abut ne f the lwest mments f my life. Even then, my mind was running at a hyper speed int prblem-slving mde and it didn’t even ccur t me that I culd ask fr help. I was surrunded by s many peple wh cared fr me,but I just culdn’t see them. Finally, my gd friend had t literally hld me by my shulders and frce me t ask fr help. With their nging supprt, I vercame ne difficulty after anther.
I lve helping thers and I firmly believe thers are willing t help me. We all want t be the best self in life: strng, independent and self-reliant,but we dn’t always have t be. Let’s start asking fr help mre ften, because helping Sams is a privilege and a gift.
1．Why did the authr want the kids t turn t her fr help?

2．What led t ne f the authr’s lwest mments in life?

3．Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
The authr vercame the difficulties n her wn when she was having a tugh time.

4．Frm this stry, what can yu learn abut “help”? (In abut 40 wrds)

【答案】1．Because it meant she had earned a kid’s trust and prven that she was able t help them. 2．Assciating her self-wrth with her perfrmance at wrk and pressuring herself t stay busy and helpful. 3．The underlined part is “n her wn”.
Because the authr’s gd friend held her by the shulders and frced her t ask fr help, and with their nging supprt, she vercame the difficulties. 4．Help is mutual. We can bth ffer help t thers and receive help frm them. We dn’t always have t be strng, independent and self-reliant. Learning t ask fr help is als a kind f wisdm.
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者从幼儿园教学中领悟到求助与帮助的意义，经历低谷后学会接受他人帮助，并认识到互相帮助是特权和礼物的故事。
1．考查细节理解。由文章第一段中“Oftentimes when kids fall, they dn’t start crying immediately. Usually kids will be OK until they lck eyes with an adult: ne that they trust and knw can d smething fr them. When I nticed this, I s wanted it t happen t me, because that meant I had earned a kid’s trust and had prven that I was able t help them with anything. (很多时候，孩子们摔倒了并不会立刻哭起来。通常情况下，孩子们在与他们信任且知道能为他们做点什么的成年人对视之前，都不会有事。当我注意到这一点时，我非常希望这种情况能发生在我身上，因为那就意味着我赢得了一个孩子的信任，并且证明了我能够在任何事情上帮助他们)”可知，作者希望孩子们向她求助是因为这意味着她赢得了孩子的信任，并证明了她能够帮助他们。故答案为：Because it meant she had earned a kid’s trust and prven that she was able t help them.
2．考查细节理解。由文章第四段中“My self-wrth became assciated with my perfrmance at wrk, which brught abut ne f the lwest mments f my life. (我的自我价值开始与我的工作表现联系在一起，这给我带来了人生中最低谷的时刻之一)”以及“Over time, I increasingly pressured myself t stay busy and helpful. (随着时间的推移，我给自己施加的压力越来越大，要让自己保持忙碌和乐于助人)”可知，作者将自我价值与工作表现联系在一起，并给自己施加压力要保持忙碌和乐于助人，这导致了作者人生中的最低谷时刻之一。故答案为：Assciating her self-wrth with her perfrmance at wrk and pressuring herself t stay busy and helpful.
3．考查细节理解。由文章第四段中“Finally, my gd friend had t literally hld me by my shulders and frce me t ask fr help. With their nging supprt, I vercame ne difficulty after anther. (最后，我的好朋友不得不实实在在地抓住我的肩膀，强迫我去寻求帮助。在他们持续的支持下，我克服了一个又一个困难)”可知，作者的好朋友抓住她的肩膀，强迫她寻求帮助，并在他们持续的支持下，她克服了困难。所以错误的部分是n her wn。故答案为：The underlined part is “n her wn”. Because the authr’s gd friend held her by the shulders and frced her t ask fr help, and with their nging supprt, she vercame the difficulties.
4．开放性题目，此题要求回答：从这个故事中，你能学到什么关于“帮助”的知识？答案不唯一，合理即可。例如：通读全文，尤其是最后一段“I lve helping thers and I firmly believe thers are willing t help me. We all want t be the best self in life: strng, independent and self-reliant,but we dn’t always have t be. Let’s start asking fr help mre ften, because helping Sams is a privilege and a gift. (我喜欢帮助别人，我坚信别人也愿意帮助我。我们都想成为生活中最好的自己:坚强、独立、自力更生，但我们并不总是需要这样。让我们开始更频繁地寻求帮助吧，因为帮助像萨姆这样的人是一种特权和礼物)”以及文章内容可知，帮助是相互的，我们在帮助别人的同时也能从别人那里得到帮助。我们不必总是坚强、独立和自力更生，学会寻求帮助也是一种智慧。故答案为Help is mutual. We can bth ffer help t thers and receive help frm them. We dn’t always have t be strng, independent and self-reliant. Learning t ask fr help is als a kind f wisdm.
Passage 5
(2025届北京通州区高三一模英语试题)阅读下面的短文和问题，根据短文内容，在相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答。答语要结构正确，书写工整，字迹清楚。
In the quiet twn f Bishp Strtfrd, there exists a unique Victrian shp called the Petry Pharmacy(药房). What appears t be a regular pharmacy frm the utside is actually filled with bks and literary gifts inside. The funder, Debrah Alma, a pet herself, set up this magical place t bring petry clser t peple, where pems are prescribed t cmfrt the sul.
Debrah riginally started ding petry prescriptins part-time, using an ld ambulance that she was driving arund the cuntry. She became knwn as “the emergency pet”, recmmending pems t peple at varius events like literary festivals.
After a few years, Debrah started getting tired f wrking utside, and she was lking fr a change. “I’ve been aware f a place fr sale n and ff fr years. I went there, and lked thrugh the windws — yu can see all these dusty shelves f an ld hardware stre which lked like an ld pharmacy. And I said t my husband, ‘Can yu imagine all my pill bttles n thse shelves? We culd have a petry pharmacy here!’”
Inside Debrah’s petry pharmacy, there is a café, a library, and a few rms — ne f which gives hme t Debrah’s ne-n-ne cnsultatins. These cnsultatins are designed similarly t cnventinal therapy sessin is peple are asked t share their feelings and wrries t get the right pems prescribed fr them. “I ask what they wuld like t be prescribed pems fr — and it may be smething quite light, r it can be quite a prfund thing; like grief r heartbreak r lack f self-cnfidence r anxiety abut their future. And having listened t them, I give them the gift f a pem. These pems are all very reslved — they are all full f hpe r ptimism.”
1．What’s the purpse fr Debrah Alma t set up the Petry Pharmacy?

2．What made Debrah t have the idea f establishing the Petry Pharmacy?

3．Decide which part f the fllwing statement is wrng. Underline it and explain why.
During the cnsultatins, peple share their feelings and wrries, s that Debrah can prvide cnventinal prescriptins fr them.

4．What ther way(s) can yu think f t cmfrt the sul f thers?
(In abut 40 wrds)

【答案】1．Debrah Alma set up the Petry Pharmacy t bring petry clser t peple, where pems are prescribed t cmfrt the sul. 2．Seeing the dusty shelves f an ld hardware stre which lked like an ld pharmacy. 3．During the cnsultatins, peple pen up abut their prblems, s that Debrah can prvide cnventinal prescriptins fr them.
Accrding t the passage, peple are asked t share their feelings and wrries t get the right pems prescribed fr them. S, “During the cnsultatin, peple share their feelings and wrries, s that they can get the right pems fr them.” 4．Listening carefully when thers talk and giving sincere advice can als cmfrt their suls.
【解析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在毕晓普斯托福德镇的独特的诗歌药房，包括其创办目的、创办契机、店内服务等。
1．考查细节理解。根据第一段“The funder, Debrah Alma, a pet herself, set up this magical place t bring petry clser t peple, where pems are prescribed t cmfrt the sul.(创始人黛博拉・阿尔玛本人就是一位诗人，她设立这个神奇的地方是为了让诗歌更贴近人们，在这里，诗歌被当作慰藉心灵的药方)”可知，黛博拉・阿尔玛设立诗歌药房的目的是让诗歌更贴近人们，用诗歌慰藉心灵。故答案为Debrah Alma set up the Petry Pharmacy t bring petry clser t peple, where pems are prescribed t cmfrt the sul.
2．考查细节理解。根据第三段“I went there, and lked thrugh the windws — yu can see all these dusty shelves f an ld hardware stre which lked like an ld pharmacy. And I said t my husband, ‘Can yu imagine all my pill bttles n thse shelves? We culd have a petry pharmacy here!’(我去了那里，透过窗户看去 —— 你可以看到旧五金店满是灰尘的架子，看起来就像一个旧药房。然后我对我丈夫说：“你能想象那些架子上放着我所有的药瓶吗？我们可以在这里开一家诗歌药房！”)”可知，是看到旧五金店那看起来像旧药房且满是灰尘的架子，让黛博拉有了建立诗歌药房的想法。故答案为Seeing the dusty shelves f an ld hardware stre which lked like an ld pharmacy.
3．考查细节理解。根据第四段“These cnsultatins are designed similarly t cnventinal therapy sessins as peple are asked t share their feelings and wrries t get the right pems prescribed fr them.(这些咨询的设计类似于传统的治疗过程，人们被要求分享他们的感受和担忧，以便得到为他们开出的合适的诗歌)”可知，黛博拉提供的是诗歌处方，而不是传统的处方。故答案为During the cnsultatins, peple share their feelings and wrries, s that Debrah can prvide cnventinal prescriptins fr them.
Accrding t the passage, peple are asked t share their feelings and wrries t get the right pems prescribed fr them. S, “During the cnsultatin, peple share their feelings and wrries, s that they can get the right pems fr them.”
4．考查开放性试题。在我看来，当别人倾诉时认真倾听并给出真诚建议也能慰藉他们的心灵。故答案为Listening carefully when thers talk and giving sincere advice can als cmfrt their suls.
Passage 6
(2025届北京市顺义区高三下学期一模英语试题)阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
The famus marshmallw (棉花糖) test, where children were given the chice between eating ne marshmallw immediately r waiting fr tw later, may have revealed mre than just willpwer — it might help explain why sme peple maintain sharper cgnitive functin as they age. A recent research suggests that the ability t delay satisfactin culd help prtect peple frm develping memry r thinking prblems.
Think f yur brain as a muscle that gets strnger with practice. Every time yu chse a lng-term benefit ver immediate pleasure, yu’re essentially ding a mental wrkut. This wrkut engages particularly the brain area that is respnsible fr planning, reasning, and cntrlling urges. Regularly exercising self-cntrl may help maintain cgnitive functin.
The science behind this cnnectin is fascinating. When we resist immediate rewards, we stimulate “cl” regulatin strategies in the ratinal (理性的) reasning center f decisin-making. In cntrast, giving in t immediate satisfactin typically invlves “ht” strategies in the brain areas assciated with emtinal decisin-making. The mre we practice using these “cl” strategies, the strnger ur brain pathways becme. This culd help delay r prevent memry lss r thinking prblems.
The gd news is that these skills can be develped at any age. Simple strategies like setting specific gals, creating detailed actin plans, and using mnitring techniques can help. Als, physical activity plays a particularly imprtant rle.
Remember, it’s never t late t start building these prtective cgnitive skills. The key is cnsistent practice and a cnscius (有意识的) effrt t make chices that priritize lng-term benefits ver immediate rewards.
1．Accrding t the recent research, what culd the ability t delay satisfactin help?

2．Which brain area des delayed satisfactin particularly wrk ut?

3．Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
As we grw lder, we can strengthen ur brain pathways that culd help delay r prevent memry lss r thinking prblems.
4．Please share ne f yur experiences f delayed satisfactin. （In abut 40wrds）

【答案】1．It culd help prtect peple frm develping memry r thinking prblems. 2．The brain area that is respnsible fr planning, reasning, and cntrlling urges. 3．As we grw lder, we can strengthen ur brain pathways that culd help delay r prevent memry lss r thinking prblems.
At any age, we can strengthen ur brain pathways that culd help delay r prevent memry lss r thinking prblems. 4．One day, I really wanted t buy a new game, but I had a test cming up. I decided t wait and study fr the test instead. After ding well n the test, I felt mre satisfied and rewarded, knwing I had priritized my respnsibilities.（开放性试题，答案合理即可）
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了延迟满足感可以帮助保护人们不出现记忆或思维问题。
1．考查细节理解。根据第一段“A recent research suggests that the ability t delay satisfactin culd help prtect peple frm develping memry r thinking prblems.(最近的一项研究表明，延迟满足感的能力可以帮助保护人们不出现记忆或思维问题。)”可知，延迟满足感的能力可以帮助保护人们不出现记忆或思维问题。故答案为It culd help prtect peple frm develping memry r thinking prblems.。
2．考查细节理解。根据第二段“This wrkut engages particularly the brain area that is respnsible fr planning, reasning, and cntrlling urges.(这种锻炼特别涉及到负责计划、推理和控制冲动的大脑区域。)”可知，延迟满足感特别锻炼负责计划、推理和控制冲动的大脑区域。故答案为The brain area that is respnsible fr planning, reasning, and cntrlling urges.。
3．考查推理判断。根据第四段“The gd news is that these skills can be develped at any age.(好消息是，这些技能可以在任何年龄培养。)”可知，好消息是，在任何年龄，我们都可以加强我们的大脑通路，这有助于延缓或防止记忆丧失或思维问题。故As we grw lder错误，应改为At any age。故答案为As we grw lder, we can strengthen ur brain pathways that culd help delay r prevent memry lss r thinking prblems. At any age, we can strengthen ur brain pathways that culd help delay r prevent memry lss r thinking prblems.。
4．考查开放性试题。根据第一段“A recent research suggests that the ability t delay satisfactin culd help prtect peple frm develping memry r thinking prblems.(最近的一项研究表明，延迟满足感的能力可以帮助保护人们不出现记忆或思维问题。)”结合自己延迟满足感的经历，讲述一件延迟满足感的事情。故答案为One day, I really wanted t buy a new game, but I had a test cming up. I decided t wait and study fr the test instead. After ding well n the test, I felt mre satisfied and rewarded, knwing I had priritized my respnsibilities.（开放性试题，答案合理即可）
Passage 7
(2025届北京市东城区高三下学期一模英语试题)阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
Picture this: Yur team is racing against time t submit a new prpsal. Yu finally manage t put all the dcuments tgether. The prpsal lks great and yu’re cnfident that yu’ll prbably win it. A week later, yu get an email: “We really liked yur prpsal, but we fund a mistake in it. S...” Yu’re frustrated and angry. Yu call yur team in, blame them fr nt checking the dcuments carefully, and strm ut f the rm. What’s the pssible result? Yur team prbably thinks yu’re thankless and unkind. Yur relatinship may be damaged.
A study shws that the brain respnds mre strngly t bad experiences than gd nes. The authrs cncluded that, “Gd can nly match r vercme bad by strength f numbers.” Hw much gd can vercme bad? Five psitive experiences are abut equal t ne negative ne.
We are all naturally wired t blame ther peple r circumstances when things g wrng. This is partially psychlgical, driven by the fundamental attributin bias. We tend t believe that what peple d reflects wh they are, rather than cnsidering there may be ther factrs influencing their behaviur.
There is als a bilgical explanatin. Recent research shws that psitive events are prcessed by the prefrntal crtex (大脑皮层)，which takes a while and tends t cnclude that gd things happen by luck. Negative events, n the ther hand, are prcessed by the amygdala, which cntrls ur fight-r-flight respnse. The amygdala usually cncludes that bad things happen n purpse, and it cmes t this cnclusin lightning fast. S fast that we dn’t even ntice we're making an assumptin; we just knw that the persn clsest t the prblem must have dne it n purpse!
This leads t the secnd prblem with blame-we dn't ntice hw ften we d it. This can be damaging. Our brains interpret blame the same way they interpret a physical attack. When we are blamed, ur prefrntal crtices effectively shut dwn and direct all ur energy t defending urselves, which impacts ur ability t slve the prblem fr which we are being blamed.
Nw that we better understand the psychlgy behind blame, what can we d t prmte a blame-free culture?
1．What might be the result when yu blame thers fr a team failure?

2．What are Paragraphs 3 and 4 mainly abut?

3．Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
When we are blamed, ur prefrntal crtices will effectively shut dwn and direct ur effrts t reviewing the prblem.

4．What can yu d t help build a blame-free culture in daily life? (In abut 40 wrds)

【答案】1．Yur relatinship may be damaged. 2．The psychlgical and bilgical reasns why we tend t blame thers. 3．When we are blamed, ur prefrntal crtices will effectively shut dwn and direct ur effrts t reviewing the prblem.
When we are blamed, ur prefrntal crtices will effectively shut dwn and direct ur energy t defending urselves. 4．In daily life, t help build a blame-free culture, I will actively listen t thers’ pinins, encurage pen cmmunicatin, and fcus n finding slutins rather than assigning blame when prblems arise.
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了人们倾向于指责他人的心理及生物原因和如何避免指责文化。
1．考查细节理解。根据第一段中“Yu call yur team in, blame them fr nt checking the dcuments carefully, and strm ut f the rm. What’s the pssible result? Yur team prbably thinks yu’re thankless and unkind. Yur relatinship may be damaged. (你把团队叫来，指责他们没有仔细检查文件，然后气冲冲地走出房间。可能的结果是什么？你的团队可能会认为你忘恩负义、不友善。你们的关系可能会受损。)”可知，当你因为团队失败而指责他人时，你们的关系可能会受损。故答案为Yur relatinship may be damaged.
2．考查主旨大意。根据第三段中“We are all naturally wired t blame ther peple r circumstances when things g wrng. This is partially psychlgical, driven by the fundamental attributin bias. (当事情出错时，我们天生就会倾向于指责他人或环境。这在一定程度上是心理上的，由基本归因偏差驱动。)”和第四段中“There is als a bilgical explanatin. (还有一个生物学上的解释。)”可知，第三段和第四段主要讲述了我们倾向于指责他人的心理和生物原因。故答案为The psychlgical and bilgical reasns why we tend t blame thers.
3．考查细节理解。根据第五段中“When we are blamed, ur prefrntal crtices effectively shut dwn and direct all ur energy t defending urselves, which impacts ur ability t slve the prblem fr which we are being blamed. (当我们被指责时，我们的前额叶皮层会有效地关闭，并将我们所有的精力都用于保护自己，这会影响我们解决被指责的问题的能力。)”可知，当我们被指责时，我们的前额叶皮层会有效地关闭，并将我们所有的精力都用于保护自己，而不是回顾问题。因此，错误的部分是“direct ur effrts t reviewing the prblem”，应改为“direct ur energy t defending urselves”。故答案为When we are blamed, ur prefrntal crtices will effectively shut dwn and direct ur effrts t reviewing the prblem. When we are blamed, ur prefrntal crtices will effectively shut dwn and direct ur energy t defending urselves.
4．开放性问题。在日常生活中，为了帮助建立一个无指责的文化，我们可以采取积极的态度，鼓励团队成员分享他们的观点和感受，而不是指责他们。同时，当出现问题时，我们应该专注于寻找解决方案，而不是追究责任。例如，我们可以说：“In daily life, t help build a blame-free culture, I will actively listen t thers’ pinins, encurage pen cmmunicatin, and fcus n finding slutins rather than assigning blame when prblems arise. (在日常生活中，为了帮助建立一个无指责的文化，我会积极倾听他人的意见，鼓励开放的沟通，并在问题出现时专注于寻找解决方案，而不是指责他人)”故答案为In daily life, t help build a blame-free culture, I will actively listen t thers’ pinins, encurage pen cmmunicatin, and fcus n finding slutins rather than assigning blame when prblems arise.
题型02 判断对错题
Passage 1
（2025年·西城·一模） The cnvenience f mdern life is truly astnishing. As I write this, my phne is wirelessly playing 18th-century classics, and I can use the same device t instantly get a ride r have fd delivered. It’s easy t see why we lve such shrtcuts—they make life easier, save time, and reduce effrt. Hwever, many peple als recgnize that cnvenience has its darker sides.
T understand why, we need t examine why we are s drawn t cnvenience in the first place. Evlutinary psychlgy can prvide sme answers. The cncept f “evlutinary mismatch” suggests that we evlved as hunter-gatherers, but while the wrld has changed, ur brains and bdies have nt. This mismatch means that ur instincts ften dn’t match mdern life. In the past, resistance—whether t avid unnecessary effrt r cnserve energy—was vital during tugh times, like searching fr fd in the rain r escaping frm danger. Thse wh stayed sheltered during hard times, like strms when fd was scarce, were mre likely t survive and pass n their genes. We have inherited (继承) this instinct t cnserve energy frm them.
Innvatin has dramatically transfrmed ur wrld. Technlgy and ur envirnment have adapted t suit ur instinct t cnserve energy. But what d we lse when we priritize cnvenience? Chsing the easy path cnsistently weakens ur ability t tackle challenges. Frm an evlutinary view, sme discmfrt is as essential t survival as rest. Our ancestrs didn’t survive by being lazy; they survived by balancing safety with risk.
This very struggle shapes and develps ur character. In tday’s technlgical wrld, we must smetimes g against ur natural instincts. As a sciety, we need t remember—and teach the yunger generatin—that while cnvenience may feel gd in the mment, ur ability t adapt and vercme challenges is nt nly a key part f ur evlutinary heritage but als central t the adventure f life.
40. Why d peple lve shrtcuts?
__________________________________________________
41. What des “evlutinary mismatch” mean?
__________________________________________________
42. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
 The evlutinary view shws that sme discmfrt is less imprtant fr ur survival cmpared t rest.
__________________________________________________
43. Use an example t shw what yu can learn abut “cnvenience” frm the passage. (In abut 40 wrds)
__________________________________________________
【答案】
40. Because they make life easier, save time, and reduce effrt.
41. It means that ur instincts ften dn’t match mdern life.
42. The evlutinary view shws that sme discmfrt is less imprtant fr ur survival cmpared t rest. Accrding t the passage, frm an evlutinary view, sme discmfrt is just as crucial t ur survival as rest.
43. Frm the passage, I learn that while cnvenience, like using a phne t get a ride r rder fd, makes life easier, ver-relying n it may weaken ur ability t tackle challenges, as ur instinct t cnserve energy may lead us t avid necessary difficulties.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是现代生活的便利性及其带来的影响。
【40题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第一段“It’s easy t see why we lve such shrtcuts—they make life easier, save time, and reduce effrt.(很容易理解为什么我们喜欢这些捷径——它们使生活更轻松，节省时间，减少精力消耗)”可知，人们喜欢捷径是因为它们使生活更轻松，节省时间，减少工作量。故答案为Because they make life easier, save time, and reduce effrt.
【41题详解】
考查词句猜测。根据第二段“This mismatch means that ur instincts ften dn’t match mdern life.(这种不匹配意味着我们的本能常常与现代生活不匹配)”可知，evlutinary mismatch的意思是“我们的本能常常与现代生活不匹配”。故答案为It means that ur instincts ften dn’t match mdern life.
42题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第三段“Frm an evlutinary view, sme discmfrt is as essential t survival as rest.(从进化的角度来看，一些不适和休息一样对生存至关重要)”可知，从进化的角度来看，一些不适和休息一样对生存至关重要，因此错误的部分是“less imprtant”。故答案为The evlutinary view shws that sme discmfrt is less imprtant fr ur survival cmpared t rest. Accrding t the passage, frm an evlutinary view, sme discmfrt is just as crucial t ur survival as rest.
【43题详解】
考查推理判断。从这篇文章中，我了解到，虽然便利，比如用手机打车或点餐，使生活更容易，但过度依赖它可能会削弱我们应对挑战的能力，因为我们节约能量的本能可能会导致我们避免必要的困难。故答案为Frm the passage, I learn that while cnvenience, like using a phne t get a ride r rder fd, makes life easier, ver-relying n it may weaken ur ability t tackle challenges, as ur instinct t cnserve energy may lead us t avid necessary difficulties.
Passage 2
（2025年·丰台·一模）In the digital age, technlgy is transfrming hw we cmmunicate and interact. What were nce science-fictin tech ideas are nw reality. In the 2002 film Minrity Reprt, Jhn Andertn used a data glve, and nw tuch-based cmputing is cmmn. Similar gaming interactin methds have appeared since 2006. These are just a taste f what’s t cme.
MIT cmputer scientist Thmas Kffler predicted that virtual tuch-based cmputing is the future f human-cmputer interfaces. He als suggested that an even mre exciting area f research, ne that will transfrm hw we cmmunicate with cmputers ver the lnger term, is s-called brain-cmputer interface (BCI).
Tday’s research n BCI wrks n a related idea: the brain makes use f electrical signals, an electrical cde, t send and prcess infrmatin. As the brain runs n electrical signals, assuming these can be accurately read, the signals thus allw us t cmmunicate with external devices thrugh the transmissin f electrical impulses (脉冲) directly frm the brain. In thery, it shuld be pssible t use brain signals that mve yur arm and hand t cntrl a rbtic arm, e.g., t pick up a cffee cup.
Research f this kind is nging. Cchlear implants (人工耳蜗), allwing the hard f hearing t hear, are currently the mst widely available use fr this technlgy. The principle f BCI enables brain signals t cmmunicate with the implant, thereby vercming the damaged part f the ear. In the future, it may be pssible fr implants in the brain t allw us t cmmunicate directly with and cntrl a wide variety f devices, using the pwer f thught alne.
Tday, cmputers and smartphnes with fixed cameras enable real-time face-t-face chat. Next up culd be telepresence rbts, which let a persn remtely see, mve arund, and interact. Ideal fr tele-cnferencing and remte site turs, their ptential is clear. Ultimately, the driving frce behind digital cmmunicatin’s next stage is the cperative intelligence that makes humans exceptinal cmmunicatrs.
40. Accrding t Thmas Kffler, what will transfrm the way we cmmunicate with cmputers ver the lnger term?
_____________________________________________________________________________________
41. Hw d electrical signals allw us t cmmunicate with external devices?
_____________________________________________________________________________________
42. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
 The principle f BCI enables brain signals t directly fix the damaged part f the ear.
_____________________________________________________________________________________
43. D yu think BCI will make ur lives better? Why r why nt? (In abut 40 wrds)
_____________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
40. Brain-cmputer interface.
41. By transmitting the electrical impulses directly frm the brain./ Thrugh the transmissin f electrical impulses directly frm the brain.
42. The principle f BCI enables brain signals t directly flex the damaged part f the car.
The principle f BCI enables brain signals t cmmunicate with the implant t vercme the damaged part f the car, nt directly fix it.
43. Yes, I think BCI will make ur lives better. It can help disabled peple regain certain functins, imprve quality f life, and ptentially enable mre efficient cmmunicatin and cntrl methds in the future.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了脑机接口（BCI）技术的原理、应用及未来潜力，并探讨了数字通信技术的发展趋势。
【40题详解】
考查细节理解。由文章第二段中“He als suggested that an even mre exciting area f research, ne that will transfrm hw we cmmunicate with cmputers ver the lnger term, is s-called brain-cmputer interface (BCI). (他还指出，一个更令人兴奋的研究领域，一个将在更长远的时间里改变我们与计算机交流方式的研究领域，就是所谓的脑机接口（BCI）)”可知，根据Thmas Kffler的说法，从长远来看，脑机接口（BCI）将改变我们与计算机的交流方式。故答案为：Brain-cmputer interface.
【41题详解】
考查细节理解。由文章第三段中“As the brain runs n electrical signals, assuming these can be accurately read, the signals thus allw us t cmmunicate with external devices thrugh the transmissin f electrical impulses (脉冲) directly frm the brain. (由于大脑通过电信号运行，假设这些信号可以被准确读取，那么这些信号就允许我们通过直接从大脑传输电脉冲来与外部设备通信)”可知，电信号通过直接从大脑传输电脉冲，从而允许我们与外部设备通信。故答案为：By transmitting the electrical impulses directly frm the brain./ Thrugh the transmissin f electrical impulses directly frm the brain.
【42题详解】
考查细节理解。由文章第四段中“The principle f BCI enables brain signals t cmmunicate with the implant, thereby vercming the damaged part f the ear. (脑机接口的原理使脑信号能够与植入物通信，从而克服耳朵受损的部分)”可知，脑机接口的原理是使脑信号能够与植入物通信，而不是直接修复耳朵受损的部分。所以错误的部分是directly fix the damaged part f the ear，应改为cmmunicate with the implant, thereby vercming the damaged part f the ear。故答案为：The principle f BCI enables brain signals t directly flex the damaged part f the car. The principle f BCI enables brain signals t cmmunicate with the implant t vercme the damaged part f the car, nt directly fix it.
【43题详解】
开放性题目，此题要求回答：你认为BCI会让我们的生活变得更好吗？为什么或为什么不呢？答案不唯一，合理即可。例如：是的，我认为脑机接口会让我们的生活变得更好，因为它可以帮助残疾人恢复某些功能，提高生活质量，并可能在未来实现更高效的通信和控制方式。故答案为：Yes, I think BCI will make ur lives better. It can help disabled peple regain certain functins, imprve quality f life, and ptentially enable mre efficient cmmunicatin and cntrl methds in the future.
Passage 3
（2025年·石景山·一模）
A Jurney with a Painting Drne
In the messy garage f their hme, 16-year-ld Emma stared at the pieces f her brther’s ld brken drne (无人机). Her physics teacher had given the class a task — turning ld technlgy int smething “magical.” While mst students built simple things like slar chargers, Emma dreamed f smething bigger — a drne that culd paint pictures while flying! She drew designs mixing science and art — brushes attached t prpellers (螺旋桨) and clurs guided by GPS. Her classmates laughed, calling it a “flying junk,” but Emma kept wrking.
One rainy afternn, she adjusted the drne’s settings t match music. Every beat released a paint drp. The first try was a mess — bright paints spread everywhere. But Emma nticed a pattern in the chas. After five tries, the drne danced t Beethven’s Fifth Symphny, creating a beautiful abstract painting. Her prject wn the schl’s tp prize and even inspired lcal artists t use her technlgy fr large utdr artwrks.
Emma’s success wasn’t just abut imaginatin. It teaches us three essential keys t unlcking creativity. First, balance is crucial. Creativity grws nt in daydreams alne, but when wild ideas meet real-wrld lgic. Emma didn’t just imagine a painting drne; she grunded her visin in maths and physics, calculating hw t keep brushes steady mid-flight. Secnd, bravery grws thrugh small steps. Early n, Emma almst abandned her idea, fearing thers wuld laugh. But she fught dubt by practising creativity daily. Finally, fun fuels persistence. Emma’s first test spread paints everywhere, but instead f giving up, she fund jy in the chas. Her attempts reminded her that “impssible” ideas can awaken wnder. Creativity isn’t a rare gift fr the chsen few; it’s a muscle that strengthens when we laugh at failures and celebrate small wins.
Mst imprtantly, Emma’s jurney mirrrs a universal truth: creativity, like a child learning t walk, demands patience. Every wbble (蹒跚) and every fall is a track f prgress. When we cheer fr effrt rather than perfectin — whether fr a child’s first steps r ur wn messy drafts — we unlck the curage t keep mving frward.
40. What task did Emma’s physics teacher give t the class?
________________________________________________________
41. Accrding t the authr, what are the essential keys t unlcking creativity?
________________________________________________________
42. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
Emma, valuing the final result instead f small wins, learned frm failures and eventually achieved her gal.
________________________________________________________
43. Hw d yu unlck yur creativity? Please give ne example. (In abut 40 wrds)
________________________________________________________
【答案】
40. Turning ld technlgy int smething “magical.”
41. Balance, bravery and fun.
42. Emma, valuing the final result instead f small wins, learned frm failures and eventually achieved her gal.
Emma, valuing small wins, learned frm failures and eventually achieved her gal.
43. 言之成理即可。I unlck my creativity by explring different hbbies. Once I cmbined painting and music. While listening t a piece f jazz, I painted freely, which inspired new ideas.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了16岁女孩Emma将旧无人机改造成能绘画的无人机的过程，强调了通过平衡想象与现实、勇敢面对挑战和享受创造的乐趣来解锁创造力的重要性。
【40题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第一段中“Her physics teacher had given the class a task — turning ld technlgy int smething “magical.” (她的物理老师给全班同学布置了一个任务——把旧技术变成“神奇”的东西)”可知，Emma的物理老师布置的任务是将旧技术变成某种“神奇”的东西。故答案为Turning ld technlgy int smething “magical.”
【41题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第三段中“It teaches us three essential keys t unlcking creativity. First, balance is crucial.(它教会了我们开启创造力的三个关键。首先，平衡至关重要)”、“Secnd, bravery grws thrugh small steps.(其次，勇气通过小步骤逐渐增长)”和“Finally, fun fuels persistence.(最后，乐趣能激发毅力)”可知，作者认为开启创造力的关键有三个：平衡（Balance），勇敢（Bravery），以及乐趣（Fun）。故答案为Balance, bravery and fun.
【42题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第三段中“Creativity isn’t a rare gift fr the chsen few; it’s a muscle that strengthens when we laugh at failures and celebrate small wins.(创造力并非是少数被选中的人所独有的罕见天赋；它就像是一块肌肉，当我们对失败付之一笑并为小小的成功而庆祝时，它就会变得更加强健)”以及第四段中“When we cheer fr effrt rather than perfectin—whether fr a child’s first steps r ur wn messy drafts — we unlck the curage t keep mving frward.(当我们为付出的努力而非完美喝彩时——无论是为孩子迈出的第一步，还是为我们自己那些杂乱无章的草稿——我们就激发了继续前行的勇气)”可知，艾玛从失败中学习并且庆祝小的成功，而不是看重最终结果，所以Emma, valuing the final result这部分错误。文中强调的是艾玛注重努力的过程、庆祝小的成功，而不是只看重最终结果。故答案为：Emma, valuing the final result instead f small wins, learned frm failures and eventually achieved her gal.
Emma, valuing small wins, learned frm failures and eventually achieved her gal.
【43题详解】
开放题目，答案不唯一，言之成理即可。我通过探索不同的爱好来释放我的创造力。有一次我将绘画和音乐结合起来。在听一段爵士乐的时候，我自由地绘画，这激发了新的想法。I unlck my creativity by explring different hbbies. Once I cmbined painting and music. While listening t a piece f jazz, I painted freely, which inspired new ideas.
Passage 4
（2025年·房山·一模） Have yu ever taken the time t stp and listen t nature? Deeply, quietly and patiently? If nt, dn’t wrry. Deep listening is a skill that can be develped. T listen deeply t nature means recgnizing behavirs, relatinships, and interactin patterns between species and gaining insights.
If yu’d like t try deep listening, visit a quiet natural place, turn ff yur devices, and clse yur eyes. Extend yur hearing int the landscape, fcusing in all directins. At first, yu’ll hear individual creatures, but sn yu may ntice interactins and patterns, helping yu cmprehend the living system as a whle.
We can learn valuable lessns abut cperatin and cmpetitin by deeply listening t nature. Peple ften simplify relatinships int cperatin r cmpetitin, but nature shws that cperatin plays a greater rle than we think. Many species, like birds in mixed flcks (群), wrk tgether by sharing infrmatin abut fd and threats. This cperatin, especially when embracing diversity, is key t addressing humanity’s existential threats, which are intercnnected and require cllabrative (合作的) slutins. Similarly, in cmpetitive interactins, many animals use specialized behavirs, like singing r play fighting, t negtiate rather than engage in direct cmpetitin, highlighting the imprtance f cmmunicatin and shared respect in cnflict reslutin.
In sme cuntries, deep listening is even part f the educatin system, teaching children t understand and live with the eclgical cmmunities arund them. In this educatin system, plants and animals are bth central knwledge hlders and teachers. Humans prvide supprt fr children’s learning frm these knwledge hlders. In this way, children cme t knw, understand, and care fr the land.
Deep listening t nature helps us appreciate and care fr Earth’s eclgical cmmunities. It teaches hw species adapt, survive, and thrive (茁壮成长), ffering guidance fr ur wn cultures as we face grwing scial and envirnmental uncertainty.
40. What is deep listening t nature?
___________________________________________________
41. Why d many animals use specialized behavirs?
___________________________________________________
42. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement then underline it and explain why.
In the deep listening educatin system, humans are the central knwledge hlders and teachers.
___________________________________________________
43. Apart frm what is mentined in this passage, what ther lessns can yu learn frm nature? (In abut 40 wrds)
___________________________________________________
【答案】
40. T listen deeply t nature means recgnizing behavirs, relatinships, and interactin patterns between species and gaining insights.
41. Many animals use specialized behavirs t negtiate rather than engage in direct cmpetitin.
42. In the deep listening educatin system, humans are the central knwledge hlders and teachers.
Plants and animals are bth central knwledge hlders and teachers.
43. Open. Nature ffers cuntless life lessns. It teaches us resilience thrugh trees weathering strms, patience frm bserving seasns' cycles, and cperatin frm clnies f ants wrking tgether fr the greater gd.
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了什么是深入倾听自然的意义以及自然界的教育意义。
【40题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第一段“T listen deeply t nature means recgnizing behavirs, relatinships, and interactin patterns between species and gaining insights.(深入倾听自然意味着认识到物种之间的行为、关系和相互作用模式，并获得洞察力)”可知，深入倾听自然意味着认识物种之间的行为、关系和相互作用模式，并获得洞察力。故答案为T listen deeply t nature means recgnizing behavirs, relatinships, and interactin patterns between species and gaining insights.
【41题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第三段“Similarly, in cmpetitive interactins, many animals use specialized behavirs, like singing r play fighting, t negtiate rather than engage in direct cmpetitin, highlighting the imprtance f cmmunicatin and shared respect in cnflict reslutin.(同样，在竞争性互动中，许多动物使用专门的行为，如唱歌或打架，来谈判，而不是直接竞争，这突出了沟通和共同尊重在解决冲突中的重要性)”可知，许多动物用专门的行为来谈判，而不是直接竞争。故答案为Many animals use specialized behavirs t negtiate rather than engage in direct cmpetitin.
【42题详解】
考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段“In this educatin system, plants and animals are bth central knwledge hlders and teachers.(在这个教育体系中，植物和动物既是核心知识的持有者，也是教师)”可知，错误部分为“humans”，因为植物和动物既是核心知识的持有者，也是教师。故答案为In the deep listening educatin system, humans are the central knwledge hlders and teachers. Plants and animals are bth central knwledge hlders and teachers.
【43题详解】
开放性试题。要言之有理，注意词数限制。根据“除了这篇文章中提到的，你还能从大自然中学到什么？”可回答：大自然提供了无数的人生课程。它教会我们通过树木抵御风暴的韧性，通过观察季节周期的耐心，以及蚁群为了更大的利益而共同努力的合作。故答案为Nature ffers cuntless life lessns. It teaches us resilience thrugh trees weathering strms, patience frm bserving seasns' cycles, and cperatin frm clnies f ants wrking tgether fr the greater gd.
Passage 6
（2025年·门头沟·一模） Sudden changes and gradual changes affect students differently. Emtins run deep frm sadness and hpelessness t hpe and ptimism. Whether the change is cnsidered gd r nt-s-gd, students are increasingly faced with the chas, uncertainty and cmplexity f living in tday’s wrld, which aren’t easy.
Helping students learn and apply evidence-based skills, which imprve their resilience, is at the cre f preparing students fr an uncertain wrld and helping them transfrm challenges int smething better.
Student resilience is the ability t recver frm a challenge r great disaster. Being able t build this capability is cmplex and nuanced, but there are many science-backed ideas and strategies that help students increase their current level f resiliency.
Supprtive relatinships are cnsidered the number ne sign f childhd resilience. The key active cre ingredient fr resilience is the relatinships the kids have t thers wh care abut them.
Every student needs healthy and supprtive relatinships, especially in times f truble r challenges, s they can feel supprted and capable f beginning again, regardless f whether the prblem is getting cut frm their basketball team r having their schl r family hme burn dwn.
Researchers cncluded that transfrming challenges int smething psitive als helps peple have better cntrl f their emtins and mre psitive utcmes, which lead t mre resilience. Subjects wh didn’t transfrm challenges and perceived events as negative demnstrated less emtinal cntrl and resilience in the face f challenges.
Of curse, there are tragedies, which are hard t transfrm, but mst f the time, we can find smething psitive r cnstructive frm a challenging situatin. Say yur daughter had her wisdm teeth ut, and yu asked her, “Is there anything gd frm this?” She may say, “Yes. I get tw days ff frm schl, and all the ice cream I can eat!” This is mre resilient than her saying, “N. It’s terrible.” That’s nt a wrng answer, but she can, little by little, learn hw t transfrm her challenges and build that skill fr her resiliency tlbx.
40. Accrding t the passage, what’s student resilience?
______________________________________________
41. What’s the mst imprtant sign t develp the childhd resilience?
______________________________________________
42. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
Peple wh transfrm challenges int smething psitive are likely t be less resilient.
______________________________________________
43. Please share ne f yur wn experiences abut the applicatin f resilience t yur daily life.(In abut 40 wrds)
______________________________________________
【答案】
40. Student resilience is the ability t recver frm a challenge r great disaster.
41. Supprtive relatinships.
42. Peple wh transfrm challenges int smething psitive are likely t be less resilient.
Accrding t the passage, transfrming challenges int smething psitive helps peple have better cntrl f their emtins and mre psitive utcmes, which lead t mre resilience.
43. When facing a sudden jb lss, I built a rutine t upskill and netwrk daily; resilience helped me pivt int a better rle within mnths.
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了什么是适应力以及适应力的好处。
【40题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第三段“Student resilience is the ability t recver frm a challenge r great disaster. (学生适应力是指从挑战或重大灾难中恢复的能力。)”可知，学生的适应力是指从挑战或重大灾难中恢复的能力。故答案为Student resilience is the ability t recver frm a challenge r great disaster.
【41题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第四段“Supprtive relatinships are cnsidered the number ne sign f childhd resilience. (支持性关系被认为是儿童适应力的首要标志。)”可知，培养儿童适应力最重要的标志是支持的关系。故答案为Supprtive relatinships.
【42题详解】
考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段“Researchers cncluded that transfrming challenges int smething psitive als helps peple have better cntrl f their emtins and mre psitive utcmes, which lead t mre resilience. (研究人员得出结论，将挑战转化为积极的东西还能帮助人们更好地控制自己的情绪，获得更多积极的结果，从而增强适应力。)”可知，错误部分为are likely t be less resilient，根据这篇文章，将挑战转化为积极的东西可以帮助人们更好地控制自己的情绪，获得更多积极的结果，从而提高适应力。故答案为Peple wh transfrm challenges int smething psitive are likely t be less resilient.
Accrding t the passage, transfrming challenges int smething psitive helps peple have better cntrl f their emtins and mre psitive utcmes, which lead t mre resilience.
【43题详解】
考查开放题。根据“请分享一个你自己在日常生活中运用韧性的经验”可回答：当面临突然失业时，我建立了一个日常计划来提高技能和人际关系；适应力帮助我在几个月内找到了更好的工作。故答案为When facing a sudden jb lss, I built a rutine t upskill and netwrk daily; resilience helped me pivt int a better rle within mnths.
Passage 7
（2025年·平谷·一模）Main character syndrme is a term that was brn n scial media t describe a mindset amng peple t view themselves as the lead character in their wn life stry.
Peple with main character syndrme ften have sme apparent symbls. They ften priritize their wn needs and experiences, believe their feelings are the mst imprtant, create situatins t draw attentin t themselves and behavir verly dramatically t fish fr praises.
They have a distrted view f reality, ignre r deny the cnsequences f their behavir. They clash with peple with different perspectives r gals, as they view their strylines as the mst imprtant. They believe they deserve special attentin r treatment and expect thers t g ut f their way t accmmdate them. These have difficulty understanding r valuing the experiences and feelings f thers, ften shwing little genuine cncern fr thers’ prblems. They ften view everyne else as supprting actrs.
Main character syndrme isn't inherently “bad” . On the psitive side, seeing neself as the prtagnist in a life stry can fster a sense f purpse and mtivatin. It can encurage peple t pursue their gals with determinatin and cnfidence. Hwever, the negative aspects ften utweigh the psitives. This mindset can lead t self-centered behavir, difficulty empathizing with thers, and a lack f genuine cnnectin in relatinships.
Expsure t mvies, TV shws, and bks fcusing n individualism can lead peple t see their wn lives in a similar light. Scial media als facilitate sharing persnal experiences, ften placing individuals at the center f their cntent. This emphasis n self-presentatin and pursuing likes, cmments, and validatin can reinfrce behavirs assciated with main character syndrme.
Certain persnality traits, such as narcissistic tendencies, can cntribute t main character syndrme. Peple wh naturally seek higher levels f admiratin r have an inflated sense f self-imprtance may be mre prne t this mindset.
Lw self-esteem r self-wrth, ptentially leads t an excessive desire fr external validatin. Scial and envirnmental factrs, such as family dynamics, upbringing, and scial envirnment can als play a rle. Peple wh are cnstantly reinfrced r encuraged t fcus n themselves may develp main character syndrme.
40. What is main character syndrme?
____________________________________________________
41. What are the bvius perfrmances f peple with main character syndrme?
____________________________________________________
42. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
★Peple with main character syndrme ften pursue their gals with determinatin and the negative effects are equal t the psitives.
____________________________________________________
43. What way(s) d yu have t vercme main character syndrme? (In abut 40 wrds)
____________________________________________________
【答案】
40. 1) Main character syndrme is a term that was brn n scial media t describe a mindset amng peple t view themselves as the lead character in their wn life stry.
2) It is t describe a mindset amng peple t view themselves as the lead character in their wn life stry.
3) It is a mindset amng peple t view themselves as the lead character in their wn life stry.
41. Peple with main character syndrme ften priritize their wn needs and experiences, believe their feelings are the mst imprtant, create situatins t draw attentin t themselves and behavir verly dramatically, t fish fr praises,
42. ★Peple with main character syndrme ften pursue their gals with determinatin and the negative effects are equal t the psitives.
1) The negative aspects ften utweigh the psitives.
2) The negative effects are nt equal t the psitives but utweigh the psitives.
43. 开放题目，答案不唯一，合理即可。One effective way t vercme main character syndrme is by practicing empathy and actively listening t thers withut seeking persnal gain. Engage in cmmunity service, fcus n shared experiences rather than self-prmtin, and reflect n ne’s mtivatins.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了“主角综合症”的概念、表现、其正负面效应、产生的原因及影响因素，强调了它在社交媒体时代下的特点及其与个人主义的关系。
【40题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第一段“Main character syndrme is a term that was brn n scial media t describe a mindset amng peple t view themselves as the lead character in their wn life stry.(主角综合症是一个在社交媒体上诞生的术语，用来描述人们将自己视为自己人生故事中的主角的心态)”以及第三段“They clash with peple with different perspectives r gals, as they view their strylines as the mst imprtant.(他们与具有不同观点或目标的人发生冲突，因为他们认为自己的故事情节是最重要的)”可知，主角综合症是一个在社交媒体上诞生的术语，用来描述人们将自己视为自己人生故事中的主角的心态；它描述了人们将自己视为自己人生故事中的主角的心态；它是将自己视为自己人生故事中的主角是人们的一种心态。故答案为1) Main character syndrme is a term that was brn n scial media t describe a mindset amng peple t view themselves as the lead character in their wn life stry.
2) It is t describe a mindset amng peple t view themselves as the lead character in their wn life stry.
3) It is a mindset amng peple t view themselves as the lead character in their wn life stry.
【41题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第二段“Peple with main character syndrme ften have sme apparent symbls. They ften priritize their wn needs and experiences, believe their feelings are the mst imprtant, create situatins t draw attentin t themselves and behavir verly dramatically t fish fr praises.(患有主角综合症的人通常有一些明显的符号。他们经常优先考虑自己的需求和经历，认为自己的感受是最重要的，创造情境来吸引人们对自己的关注，并做出过于戏剧化的行为来寻求赞美)”可知，患有主角综合症的人通常会优先考虑自己的需求和经历，认为自己的感受是最重要的，创造情境来吸引人们对自己和行为的过度关注，寻求赞美。故答案为Peple with main character syndrme ften priritize their wn needs and experiences, believe their feelings are the mst imprtant, create situatins t draw attentin t themselves and behavir verly dramatically, t fish fr praises.
【42题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第四段“Hwever, the negative aspects ften utweigh the psitives.(然而，负面影响往往大于正面影响)”可知，负面效应并不等于正面效应，而是超过了正面效应。原句中the negative effects are equal t the psitives表述错误。故答案为
★Peple with main character syndrme ften pursue their gals with determinatin and the negative effects are equal t the psitives.
1) The negative aspects ften utweigh the psitives.
2) The negative effects are nt equal t the psitives but utweigh the psitives.
【43题详解】
开放题目，答案不唯一，合理即可。克服主角综合症的一个有效方法是练习同理心，积极倾听他人的意见，而不寻求个人利益。参与社区服务，注重分享经验而不是自我推销，并反思自己的动机。故答案为One effective way t vercme main character syndrme is by practicing empathy and actively listening t thers withut seeking persnal gain. Engage in cmmunity service, fcus n shared experiences rather than self-prmtin, and reflect n ne’s mtivatins.
题型03 开放微写作题
Passage 1
（2025年·西城·二模）If yu listen t sme self-imprvement lectures abut success, yu’ll hear a familiar saying: Hustle (忙碌) harder. It sunds like success is just a matter f willpwer and that the life f yur dreams is within reach. Many yung peple are buying int this mindset, spending every waking hur wrking tward ambitius gals, nly t find themselves wrn ut and unfulfilled.
Hustle culture prmises success, but it ften leads t burnut and disappintment. The truth is that success and fulfillment dn’t cme frm cnstant struggle. They cme frm smething deeper and mre sustainable: persistence (坚持).
Hustle culture praises big gals. But what the experts wn’t tell yu is that mst f thse gals require a mix f timing, luck, and smetimes even genetics. N matter hw hard yu hustle, success isn’t always within yur cntrl. Persistence culture, n the ther hand, takes a different apprach. Instead f fcusing n massive, high-risk gals, it emphasizes cnsistent effrt ver time. It encurages grwth, learning, and steady imprvement—factrs that are within yur cntrl.
Hustle culture fcuses n gals, ignring the prcess. It tells yu t chase success at all csts, even if that means ding things yu hate alng the way. Fr example, yu lve pdcasting (制作播客). Yu enjy the cnnectin with yur audience. But if yu fllw hustle culture, yur fcus shifts t prfit, audience grwth, and scial media engagement. T “succeed,” yu have t learn marketing strategies that yu dn’t actually enjy.
Persistence culture, in cntrast, priritizes the prcess itself. It asks: D yu enjy what yu’re ding? When yu lve the prcess, yu dn’t need external apprval t keep ging. Success becmes a byprduct f cnsistency and passin. Instead f measuring success by external factrs, it asks: Hw can I imprve? Maybe yur pdcast isn’t getting millins f dwnlads, but are yu becming a better interviewer?
Are yu develping new skills? These are the measures that matter because they’re within yur cntrl.
40. Hw d many yung peple feel after fllwing the “hustle harder” mindset?
________________________________________________________
41. Where d success and fulfillment cme frm?
________________________________________________________
42. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
> Hustle culture fcuses n massive, high-risk gals, measures success by external factrs and priritizes the prcess.
________________________________________________________
43. Hw are yu ging t put “Persistence Culture” int practice in yur daily life? (In abut 40 wrds)
________________________________________________________
【答案】40. They feel wrn ut and unfulfilled.
41. They cme frm smething deeper and mre sustainable: persistence.
42. Hustle culture fcuses n massive, high-risk gals, measures success by external factrs and priritizes the prcess.
Accrding t the passage, hustle culture ignres the prcess instead f priritizing the prcess itself.
43. I’ll priritize cnsistent effrt ver grand gals. Fr instance, in pdcasting, I’ll fcus n imprving interviewing skills and strytelling daily rather than chasing dwnlads. By valuing small, measurable prgress and passin, I’ll build sustainable grwth withut burnut.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要对比了“忙碌文化”和“坚持文化”对成功的影响。
【40题详解】
考查细节理解。由文章第一段中“Many yung peple are buying int this mindset, spending every waking hur wrking tward ambitius gals, nly t find themselves wrn ut and unfulfilled. (许多年轻人接受了这种心态，把醒着的每一个小时都花在朝着雄心勃勃的目标努力上，结果却发现自己疲惫不堪、毫无成就感。)”可知，许多年轻人在遵循“更努力地忙碌”的心态后，感觉疲惫不堪且毫无成就感。故答案为：They feel wrn ut and unfulfilled.
【41题详解】
考查细节理解。由文章第二段中“The truth is that success and fulfillment dn’t cme frm cnstant struggle. They cme frm smething deeper and mre sustainable: persistence (坚持). (事实是，成功和成就感并非来自持续的挣扎。它们来自更深层次、更可持续的东西：坚持。)”可知，成功和成就感来自更深层次、更可持续的东西——坚持。故答案为：They cme frm smething deeper and mre sustainable: persistence.
【42题详解】
考查细节理解。由文章第四段中“Hustle culture fcuses n gals, ignring the prcess. (忙碌文化关注目标，忽视过程。)”以及第五段中“Persistence culture, in cntrast, priritizes the prcess itself. (相比之下，坚持文化将过程本身置于首位。)”可知，“Hustle culture fcuses n massive, high-risk gals, measures success by external factrs and priritizes the prcess.”这句话中“priritizes the prcess”部分错误。忙碌文化忽视过程，而不是将过程置于首位。故答案为：Hustle culture fcuses n massive, high-risk gals, measures success by external factrs and priritizes the prcess. Accrding t the passage, hustle culture ignres the prcess instead f priritizing the prcess itself.
【43题详解】
开放性题目，此题要求回答：你打算如何在日常生活中实践“坚持文化”？答案不唯一，合理即可。例如：我会优先考虑持续努力，而非追求宏大目标。例如，在制作播客时，我会专注于每天提升采访技巧和讲故事的能力，而不是一味追求下载量。通过重视微小且可衡量的进步以及保持热情，我将实现可持续的成长，同时避免过度劳累。故答案为：I’ll priritize cnsistent effrt ver grand gals. Fr instance, in pdcasting, I’ll fcus n imprving interviewing skills and strytelling daily rather than chasing dwnlads. By valuing small, measurable prgress and passin, I’ll build sustainable grwth withut burnut.
Passage 2
（2025年·丰台·二模）“Yu Only Live Once” (YOLO), a cncept made ppular in cntemprary sciety thrugh scial media, cnveys the desire t make the mst f the present situatin and cast aside all wrries abut the future. This mindset is cnsidered t be the characteristic f tday’s yuth. Hwever, d yung peple truly embdy the YOLO mentality, r are they t cncerned abut planning their future t enjy the present?
Sme yung peple d tend t be verly absrbed in future planning and miss ut n the present, largely influenced by scietal attitudes advcating the merits f wrking twards a life plan and future gal. In Asian scieties, yung peple plan their futures carefully t ensure financial security fr the latter half f their lives. This ften means getting gd educatin and jbs. S, many take extra classes, lsing free time and hbbies. Their excessive (过度的) fcus n academics, which neglects their persnal nature, brings mental stress and stps them frm fllwing their passins.
Anther factr driving yung peple t excessively plan fr the future is the increasing number f wrld challenges. Natural disasters, cnflicts, wars, and pandemics are increasing, making the jb market unstable. Yung peple are nw mre pressured t cnsider their future in this changing wrld. As a result, they dn’t enjy their yuth as they shuld. Research cnducted by University Cllege Lndn shws ver half f 16-25-year-lds are wrried abut their future, with 53% believing jb prspects are wrsening.
Nevertheless, it’s encuraging t see that mre yung peple are stepping ff the beaten path and embracing the YOLO philsphy. The future is uncertain, and it’s natural fr yung peple t feel anxius. Hwever, living in the mment and enjying each experience is crucial. After all, isn’t life mre abut the jurney than the destinatin?
40. What mindset des YOLO cnvey?
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41. What are the tw main factrs that cause sme yung peple t fcus mre n future planning?
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42. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
In rder t find their passins in life, yung peple in Asia plan their futures carefully.
______________________________________________________________________________
43. Hw d yu understand the sentence “Life is mre abut the jurney than the destinatin.” in the passage? (In abut 40 wrds)
______________________________________________________________________________
【答案】40 It cnveys the desire t make the mst f the present situatin and cast aside all wrries abut the future.
41. The tw main reasns are scietal attitudes (advcating the merits f wrking twards a life plan and future gal/that advcate wrking twards a life plan and future gal) and the increasing number f wrld challenges.
42. In rder t find their passins in life, yung peple in Asia plan their futures carefully.
In Asia, yung peple plan their futures carefully t ensure financial security fr the latter half f their lives.
43. It emphasizes that life’s value lies nt in achieving fixed gals but in the ‌experiences, grwth, and cnnectins‌ frged alng the way. Hence, experiences and feelings during life’s jurney are mre valuable, s we shuld cherish and enjy the present.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。主要介绍的是“YOLO”理念所传达的心态，探讨年轻人是否真正践行这一理念，分析导致部分年轻人过度关注未来规划的因素，并鼓励年轻人享受当下。
【40题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第一段中的““Yu Only Live Once” (YOLO), a cncept made ppular in cntemprary sciety thrugh scial media, cnveys the desire t make the mst f the present situatin and cast aside all wrries abut the future.(“及时行乐”（YOLO），一个通过社交媒体在当代社会流行起来的概念，传达了充分利用当下情况并抛开对未来所有担忧的愿望。)”可知，“YOLO”传达的是充分利用当下、抛开对未来所有担忧的愿望。故答案为：It cnveys the desire t make the mst f the present situatin and cast aside all wrries abut the future.
【41题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Sme yung peple d tend t be verly absrbed in future planning and miss ut n the present, largely influenced by scietal attitudes advcating the merits f wrking twards a life plan and future gal.(一些年轻人确实倾向于过度专注于未来规划而错过当下，这在很大程度上受到倡导朝着人生计划和未来目标努力的社会态度的影响。)”和第三段中的“Anther factr driving yung peple t excessively plan fr the future is the increasing number f wrld challenges.(促使年轻人过度规划未来的另一个因素是世界挑战的不断增加。)”可知，两个主要因素分别是倡导为人生计划和未来目标努力的社会态度，以及不断增多的世界挑战。故答案为：The tw main reasns are scietal attitudes (advcating the merits f wrking twards a life plan and future gal/that advcate wrking twards a life plan and future gal) and the increasing number f wrld challenges.
【42题详解】
考查推理判断。依据文章第二段中的“In Asian scieties, yung peple plan their futures carefully t ensure financial security fr the latter half f their lives.(在亚洲社会，年轻人仔细规划他们的未来，以确保后半生的经济安全。)”可知，亚洲年轻人仔细规划未来是为保障后半辈子经济安全，并非为寻找生活热情，所以In rder t find their passins in life错误，应改为In rder t ensure financial security fr the latter half f their lives。故答案为：In rder t find their passins in life, yung peple in Asia plan their futures carefully. In Asia, yung peple plan their futures carefully t ensure financial security fr the latter half f their lives.
【43题详解】
考查开放性试题。结合文章鼓励年轻人活在当下的主旨，“人生更多的是旅程，而不是目的地”这句话强调，生命的价值不在于实现固定的目标，而在于一路上积累的经验、成长和联系；因此，人生旅途中的经历和感受更有价值，所以我们应该珍惜和享受当下。故答案为：It emphasizes that life’s value lies nt in achieving fixed gals but in the ‌experiences, grwth, and cnnectins‌ frged alng the way. Hence, experiences and feelings during life’s jurney are mre valuable, s we shuld cherish and enjy the present.
Passage 3
（2025年·昌平·二模）In tday’s fast-paced, achievement-riented sciety, prductivity is ften assciated with time management. We ften think that t be prductive, we need t master time-management techniques. But have yu ever nticed that when yu’re emtinally wrn ut, yu struggle t stay rganized r mtivated? Or when yu’re verwhelmed, tasks like answering emails r ding laundry pile up?
Unreslved emtins, such as fears f disappinting thers r missing ut n pprtunities, ften drive peple t ver-cmmit. Even with a well-rganized calendar, yu may find yurself squeezing in extra tasks, nly t feel verwhelmed and rushed, which can lead t anxiety r even depressin. The prblem is nt yur time-management skills, but emtinal verlad.
True prductivity isn’t abut ding mre in less time; it’s abut managing yur energy, emtins, and well-being ver the lng term. Research shws that emplyees wh practice emtinal regulatin experience 20-30% higher prductivity than thse wh rely nly n time management.
The gd news is that emtinal management isn’t abut grand gestures — it grws in small, intentinal shifts. Start by pausing befre agreeing t new cmmitments. When smene asks yu t take n an additinal task, dn’t immediately agree. Ask fr sme time t cnsider it and review yur ther bligatins. Besides, separate yur wrk utcmes frm yur self-wrth. By shifting frm a perfectinist mindset t a grwth-riented ne, yu will fcus n learning rather than nly n achieving perfect utcmes.
T get ut f a seemingly cruel cycle, it takes patience and sensibility within yurself. Change is hard, but every step, n matter hw small, is a step tward reclaiming yur well-being.
40. What ften make peple ver-cmmit?
_________________________________________________________________________
41. What is true prductivity abut?
_________________________________________________________________________
42. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
By shifting frm a perfectinist mindset t a grwth-riented ne, yu will cncentrate n managing emtins rather than nly n achieving perfect utcmes.
_________________________________________________________________________
43. Besides what is mentined in the passage, what else can yu d t better manage yur emtins? (In abut 40 wrds)
_________________________________________________________________________
【答案】40. Unreslved emtins, such as fears f disappinting thers r missing ut n pprtunities.
41. It’s abut managing yur energy, emtins, and well-being ver the lng term.
42. By shifting frm a perfectinist mindset t a grwth-riented ne, yu will cncentrate n managing emtins rather than nly n achieving perfect utcmes.
Yu will cncentrate n learning rather than nly n achieving perfect utcmes.
43. T better manage emtins, ne can practice mindfulness meditatin t stay present, engage in physical exercise t release stress, and seek supprt frm friends r prfessinals when needed.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了在当今快节奏、以成就为导向的社会中，人们常常将生产力与时间管理联系在一起，但实际上，情绪管理对于生产力同样重要。
【40题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第二段“Unreslved emtins, such as fears f disappinting thers r missing ut n pprtunities,ften drive peple t ver-cmmit.(未解决的情绪，比如担心让别人失望或错过机会，往往会驱使人们过度承诺)”可知，未解决的情绪，比如害怕让别人失望或错过机会，往往会驱使人们过度承诺。故答案为Unreslved emtins, such as fears f disappinting thers r missing ut n pprtunities.
【41题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第三段“True prductivity isn’t abut ding mre in less time; it’s abut managing yur energy, emtins, and well-being ver the lng term.(真正的生产力不是用更少的时间做更多的事；这是关于长期管理你的精力、情绪和幸福。)”可知，真正的生产力是关于长期管理你的精力、情绪和幸福，故答案为It’s abut managing yur energy, emtins, and well-being ver the lng term.
【42题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第四段“By shifting frm a perfectinist mindset t a grwth-riented ne, yu will fcus n learning rather than nly n achieving perfect utcmes.(通过从完美主义的心态转变为成长导向的心态，你将专注于学习，而不仅仅是取得完美的结果。)”可知，通过从完美主义心态转变为以成长为导向的心态，你将专注于学习，给出句子中managing emtins表示“管理情绪”，表述错误。正确的说法是“通过从完美主义的心态转变为成长导向的心态，你将专注于学习，而不仅仅是取得完美的结果”。故答案为By shifting frm a perfectinist mindset t a grwth-riented ne, yu will cncentrate n managing emtins rather than nly n achieving perfect utcmes.
Yu will cncentrate n learning rather than nly n achieving perfect utcmes
【43题详解】
开放题目，答案不唯一，合理即可。在我看来，为了更好地管理情绪，人们可以练习正念冥想来保持当下，进行体育锻炼来释放压力，并在需要时寻求朋友或专业人士的支持。故答案为T better manage emtins, ne can practice mindfulness meditatin t stay present, engage in physical exercise t release stress, and seek supprt frm friends r prfessinals when needed
题型一 阅读理解
Passage 1
（2025·北京朝阳·二模） Bks are abut t becme a little less “Impressive!”, “Appealing!” and “Spellbinding!”. Fewer still will ffer a “tur de frce” (whatever ne f thse might be). That is because Simn & Schuster, an American publisher, has decided t stp ding bk blurbs ( als called “puffs” in Britain) — thse invited cmments frm ther authrs n the back f bks. They are, says Sean Manning, the cmpany’s publisher, “very awkward”.
The prblem with blurbs is that there is always a need t publicly evaluate bks. It is a fact in the life f a writer that if ne publicly publishes, ne is ging t be publicly judged. When negative, such judgments can be painful, when stupid, it can be maddening, but when psitive, it can als be a jyful, supprtive mment. Hwever, when a writer gets prearranged remarks, it devalues legitimate (合情合理的) respnses.
The style f a puff is, as the name suggests, breathless. Smene might declare a bk “authritative”; anther, “unputdwnable”; and a third, “If yu can read this bk withut screaming with excitement, yur sul is dead”. Yu feel guilty, wrte Gerge Orwell, when yu are in the library and “fail t scream with delight”. Als, in thery blurbs are testament t an authr’s narrative skills. In truth they are a testament t their scial nes: they ften reflect arm-twisting rather than artistry. Literary heavyweights hate giving them. “We wuld as sn sell ur tears fr lemn-drps”, wrte Nathaniel Parker Willis, a pet, than thus “spil ne f the truthful adjectives in the wrld”. New authrs struggle t get blurbs, which is partly why Simn & Schuster is giving them up.
Blurbs mre ften exemplify the very bad writing. Many are less written than pieced up frm stck phrases — “A heartbreaking, unputdwnable page-turner!” — with an exclamatin mark at the end. This makes them exhausting t read! There has been hnest cpy n dust jackets — T. S. Elit’s descriptin f Luis MacNeice, a fellw pet, infrmed readers that “His wrk is accessible but unppular” — but it is t rare.
It turns ut that the habit f using wrds like “unputdwnable” is itself quite putdwnable. Mr. Manning says his editrs will use the time they save n chasing qutes t instead prduce gd bks. Nt, nte, “charming” r “absrbing” bks but simply “the best bks pssible”. It is an admirably mdest aim.
32．What can we learn abut blurbs?
A．They serve the interest f bk writers.B．They guarantee legitimate respnses.
C．New authrs are sick f writing them.D．Readers feel guilty after reading them.
33．The authr uses Elit’s example mainly t ____________.
A．advcate the riginality in blurbsB．clarify a miscnceptin abut blurbs
C．distinguish the varius types f current blurbsD．suggest the widespread presence f dishnest blurbs
34．What can we infer frm the passage?
A．Blurbs are self-defeating.B．There is n need fr blurbs.
C．Blurbs prmte scial skills.D．Established authrs favr blurbs.
【答案】32．A 33．D 34．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了美国出版商西蒙与舒斯特决定停止在书籍背面使用其他作者的书评式推荐语的现象及原因。
32．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Hwever, when a writer gets prearranged remarks, it devalues legitimate (合情合理的) respnses.(然而，当作家得到预先安排好的评论时，这会降低合法回应的价值)”可知，预先安排好的书评式推荐语（blurbs）损害了读者对书籍的真正评价，即它们并不能保证书籍得到合理的回应，反而是服务于书籍出版商或作者的利益。故选A。
33．推理判断题。根据第四段“Many are less written than pieced up frm stck phrases — “A heartbreaking, unputdwnable page-turner!” — with an exclamatin mark at the end. This makes them exhausting t read! There has been hnest cpy n dust jackets — T. S. Elit’s descriptin f Luis MacNeice, a fellw pet, infrmed readers that “His wrk is accessible but unppular” — but it is t rare.(许多评语与其说是写出来的，不如说是用陈词滥调拼凑起来的 ——“一本令人心碎、令人爱不释手的引人入胜的书！”—— 结尾还带有一个感叹号。这让它们读起来很累！在书的护封上也有诚实的评语 ——T. S. Elit对同为诗人的路易斯・麦克尼斯的描述告诉读者“他的作品易懂但不受欢迎”—— 但这样的评语太少见了)” 可知，T. S. Elit的例子是为了说明诚实的评语很少见，也就是不诚实的评语广泛存在。故选D。
34．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Hwever, when a writer gets prearranged remarks, it devalues legitimate (合情合理的) respnses.(然而，当作家得到预先安排好的评论时，这会降低合法回应的价值)”以及第三段中“Als, in thery blurbs are testament t an authr’s narrative skills. In truth they are a testament t their scial nes: they ften reflect arm-twisting rather than artistry.(此外，从理论上讲，书评式推荐语是作者叙事能力的证明。事实上，它们是他们社交能力的证明：它们往往反映的是胁迫，而不是艺术性)”和最后一段中“Mr. Manning says his editrs will use the time they save n chasing qutes t instead prduce gd bks.(曼宁表示，他的编辑们将把节省下来寻找引语的时间用来出版好书)”可推知，书评式推荐语（blurbs）往往不是基于书籍的真实质量，而是受到出版商或作者社交手段的影响，它们并不能真实反映书籍的价值，甚至可能损害书籍的声誉，因此可以说是自毁的。故选A。
Passage 2
（2025·北京市平谷区·一模） Jhn vn Neumann, wh pineered mdern cmputer architecture, wrte in 1949, “It wuld appear that we have reached the limits f what is pssible t achieve with cmputer technlgy.” Amng the cuntless frms f cmputatinal limit-breaking that have challenged vn Neumann’ s predictin is the scial psychlgist Frank Rsenblatt’s 1958 mdel f a human brain’ s neural netwrk. He called his device, based n the IBM 704 mainframe cmputer, the “Sensr” and trained it t recgnize simple patterns. Sensr eventually led t deep learning and mdern artificial intelligence.
Althugh Stuart Dreyfus, wh is a prfessr at Berkeley, is impressed by the prgress made in AI, he remains skeptical and cncerned abut certain AI applicatins, especially large language mdels, r LLMs, like ChatGPT. “Machines dn’t have bdies, which is limiting and creates risk.” he ntes, “It seems t me that in any area which invlves life-and-death pssibilities, AI is dangerus, because it desn’t knw what death means.”
Accrding t the Dreyfus skill acquisitin mdel, an inner shift ccurs as human knw-hw advances thrugh five stages f develpment: beginner, advanced beginner, cmpetent, master, and expert. “A crucial difference between beginners and mre cmpetent perfrmers is their level f invlvement,” the researchers explained. “Beginners and advanced beginners feel little respnsibility fr what they d because they are nly applying the learned rules.” If they fail, they blame the rules. Expert perfrmers, hwever, feel respnsibility fr their decisins because as their knw-hw becmes deeply rted in their brains, nervus systems, and muscles, they learn t perate the rules t achieve their gals. They wn the utcme.
That clse relatinship between intelligent decisin-making and respnsibility is an essential ingredient fr a well-functining, civilized sciety, and sme say it’s missing frm tday’s expert systems. Als missing is the ability t care, t share cncerns, t make cmmitments, t have and read emtins — all the aspects f human intelligence that cme frm having a bdy and mving thrugh the wrld.
As AI cntinues t pur s many aspects f ur lives, can we teach future generatins f expert systems t feel respnsible fr their decisins? Is respnsibility r care r cmmitment r emtin — smething that can be btained frm statistical inferences r drawn frm the prblematic data used t train AI? Perhaps, but even then machine intelligence wuld nt equal t human intelligence — it wuld still be smething different, as the Dreyfus als described nearly fur decades ag.
28．What can we cnclude frm the first paragraph?
A．It highlights the rle f IBM 704 in the evlutin f AI.
B．It describes the develpment and impact f AI n mdern sciety.
C．It illustrates the cntinuus breakthrughs in cmputatinal capabilities.
D．It intrduces the rugh histry f cmputer technlgy and its limitatins.
29．What is the main cncern that Prfessr Dreyfus has abut AI applicatins?
A．AI’s prgress in language mdels is t rapid.
B．AI’s lack f physical bdies limits its understanding.
C．AI is nt suitable fr applicatins invlving creativity.
D．AI’s understanding f death is t advanced fr its wn gd.
30．What is the central theme f paragraphs 3 and 4?
A．The necessity f having a bdy fr the develpment f advanced skills.
B．The significance f emtinal intelligence frm a beginner t an expert.
C．The evlutin f respnsibility and decisin-making with skill levels advancing.
D．The imprtance f physical mvement in the develpment f human intelligence.
31．What can we learn frm the passage?
A．The limitatins f AI in cmparisn t human intelligence.
B．The evlutin f AI beynd human imaginatin and its destructin f sciety.
C．The skill acquisitin stages f learning peratinal rules in humans and AI.
D．The predictin f respnsibility in AI and human intelligence decisin-making.
【答案】28．C 29．B 30．C 31．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了计算机技术的突破带来了AI的发展，同时指出伯克利教授对AI应用的担忧，还阐述了人类技能发展中责任与决策的演变及AI与人类智能的差异。
28．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Amng the cuntless frms f cmputatinal limit breaking that have challenged vn Neumann’s predictin is the scial psychlgist Frank Rsenblatt’s 1958 mdel f a human brain’s neural netwrk. He called his device, based n the IBM 704 mainframe cmputer, the ‘Sensr’ and trained it t recgnize simple patterns. Sensr eventually led t deep learning and mdern artificial intelligence.(在无数挑战冯·诺伊曼预测的计算突破形式中，社会心理学家弗兰克·罗森布拉特1958年提出的人类大脑神经网络模型便是其中之一。他将基于IBM 704大型计算机的设备称为‘传感器’，并训练它识别简单模式。‘传感器’最终催生了深度学习和现代人工智能)”可知，文中提到对冯·诺伊曼关于计算机技术达到极限预测的挑战，以及从‘传感器’到现代人工智能的发展，说明了计算能力在不断取得突破。由此可推断，第一段说明了计算能力的持续突破。故选C项。
29．细节理解题。根据第二段中“‘Machines dn’t have bdies, which is limiting and creates risk.’ he ntes, ‘It seems t me that in any area which invlves life and death pssibilities, AI is dangerus, because it desn’t knw what death means.’(‘机器没有身体，这是一种限制并会产生风险。’他指出，‘在我看来，在任何涉及生死可能性的领域，人工智能都是危险的，因为它不知道死亡意味着什么。’)”可知，德雷福斯教授对人工智能应用的主要担忧是人工智能缺乏身体限制了它的理解。故选B项。
30．主旨大意题。根据第三段中“Accrding t the Dreyfus skill acquisitin mdel, an inner shift ccurs as human knw hw advances thrugh five stages f develpment: beginner, advanced beginner, cmpetent, master, and expert.(根据德雷福斯技能获取模型，随着人类专业技能在初学者、高级初学者、胜任者、精通者和专家这五个发展阶段中提升，会发生内在的转变)”和“Expert perfrmers, hwever, feel respnsibility fr their decisins because as their knw hw becmes deeply rted in their brains, nervus systems, and muscles, they learn t perate the rules t achieve their gals. They wn the utcme.(然而，专家级的执行者会对自己的决策负责，因为随着他们的专业技能深深扎根于他们的大脑、神经系统和肌肉中，他们学会运用规则来实现自己的目标。他们对结果负责)”以及第四段中“That clse relatinship between intelligent decisin-making and respnsibility is an essential ingredient fr a well-functining, civilized sciety, and sme say it’s missing frm tday’s expert systems.(智能决策和责任之间的密切关系是一个运转良好的文明社会的基本要素，有些人说，这在今天的专家系统中是缺失的)”可知，这两段主要围绕人类技能水平提升过程中，责任和决策能力的演变展开。所以这两段主要讨论了随着技能水平提高，责任感和决策能力的发展演变。故选C项。
31．推理判断题。通读全文，结合最后一段“As AI cntinues t pur s many aspects f ur lives, can we teach future generatins f expert systems t feel respnsible fr their decisins? Is respnsibility r care r cmmitment r emtin — smething that can be btained frm statistical inferences r drawn frm the prblematic data used t train AI? Perhaps, but even then machine intelligence wuld nt equal t human intelligence — it wuld still be smething different(随着人工智能继续渗透到我们生活的诸多方面，我们能否教会未来的专家系统对自己的决策负责呢?责任、关怀、承诺或情感——这些能否从统计推断中获得，或者从用于训练人工智能的有问题的数据中得出呢?也许可以，但即便如此，机器智能也不等于人类智能——它仍然是不同的东西)”可知，文章主要论述了人工智能在责任、情感等方面与人类智能相比存在局限性。所以我们能从文章中了解到人工智能与人类智能相比存在的局限性。故选A项。
题型二 语法填空
Passage 5
（2025·北京海淀·一模）Directr Yang Yu, better knwn as Jiazi, has spent ver a decade enhancing his skills in China’s cmpetitive animatin industry. Early in his career, hwever, he 11 (face) cnstant rejectins and financial struggles. His breakthrugh came in 2019 with the masterpiece Ne Zha 12 prved Chinese animatin culd rival glbal giants. T create a fllw-up mvie, he immersed 13 (he) in perfecting strytelling and cutting-edge effects, ften wrking 16-hur days. His jurney — frm a self-taught artist t a pineer 14 (reshape) an industry — inspires dreamers wrldwide: greatness isn’t brn vernight, but built thrugh cmmitment.
【答案】11．faced 12．which/that 13．himself 14．reshaping
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了动画导演饺子（杨宇）的奋斗历程及其对行业的贡献和启示。
11．考查动词时态。句意：然而，在他的职业生涯早期，他面临着不断的拒绝和经济上的挣扎。根据句中的Early in his career可知，此处描述的是过去的事情，应用一般过去时，face的过去式为faced，故填faced。
12．考查定语从句。句意：他的突破出现在2019年，他的代表作《哪吒》证明了中国动画可以与全球巨头竞争。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为Ne Zha，指物，且从句中缺少主语，应用关系代词which或that引导。故填which/that。
13．考查代词。句意：为了创作续集，他全身心投入到完善故事和尖端特效中，经常每天工作16个小时。immerse neself in为固定短语，表示“全身心投入”，此处应用反身代词himself，表示“他自己”。故填himself。
14．考查非谓语动词。句意：他的旅程——从自学成才的艺术家到重塑行业的先驱——激励着全世界的梦想家：伟大不是一夜之间诞生的，而是通过献身建立起来的。句中已有谓语inspires，此处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰pineer，且pineer与reshape之间为主动关系，应用现在分词形式。故填reshaping。
Passage 2
（2025·北京海淀·一模）By the end f each day, we all lng fr a little persnal space and quiet time. Alne time can vary greatly frm persn t persn. Fr sme, it is 15 (simple) abut being physically away frm peple, while fr thers, it is the ability 16 (discnnect) when alne. T figure ut whether alne time energizes r cnsumes yu, yu’d better dedicate a full day just t yurself and bserve 17 it affects yur emtins. If yu feel refreshed after taking time t yurself, yu can set aside mre alne time int yur schedule. Hwever, if yu feel frustrated when alne, yu need t lean int scial cnnectins mre frequently.
【答案】15．simply 16．t discnnect 17．hw
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了独处时间的个人差异，以及如何通过自我观察来确定独处是让自己恢复精力还是消耗精力。
15．考查副词。句意：对一些人来说，这只是身体上远离他人，而对另一些人来说，这是独处时断开连接的能力。此处需要用副词simply修饰介词短语abut being physically away frm peple，表示“仅仅，只是”的意思，故填simply。
16．考查非谓语动词。句意：对一些人来说，这只是身体上远离他人，而对另一些人来说，这是独处时断开连接的能力。the ability t d sth表示“做某事的能力”，所以此处需要用动词不定式作后置定语，修饰ability，表示“断开连接的能力”，故填t discnnect。
17．考查宾语从句。句意：为了弄清楚独处是让你精力充沛还是消耗你的精力，你最好花一整天时间独处，观察它如何影响你的情绪。bserve后接宾语从句，从句中缺少方式状语，表示“如何影响你的情绪”，所以此处应用hw引导从句，故填hw。
Passage 3
（2025·北京东城·一模）After a weekend trip, my friend and I 11 (drive) hme when a blue car suddenly pulled up beside us at a stplight. A wman and her little daughter excitedly tld us shes had flwn 12 ur car! We realized ur ther friend must have left them n the rf. We thanked them and went back t search, 13 we culdn’t find the shes until the same car reappeared! These kind strangers had circled back, 14 (spt) shes and even picking them up fr us. Their unexpected effrt t help us ut made ur day.
【答案】11．were driving 12．ff 13．but 14．sptting
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和朋友在回家路上得到陌生人帮助找回鞋子的故事。
11．考查动词时态。句意：周末旅行后，我和朋友正开车回家，这时一辆蓝色轿车突然在红绿灯旁停在我们旁边。这里是“be ”结构，意为“正在做……这时……”，根据语境可知事情发生在过去，所以用过去进行时，表示 “我和朋友当时正在开车”，主语my friend and I为复数，be动词用were。故填were driving。
12．考查副词。句意：一位女士和她的小女儿兴奋地告诉我们，鞋子从我们的车上飞出去了！fly ff是固定短语，意为“飞落；掉落”，这里表示鞋子从车上掉落下来，符合语境。故填ff。
13．考查连词。句意：我们谢过他们，然后回去找，但是直到那辆车再次出现我们才找到鞋子！“We thanked them and went back t search”和“we culdn’t find the shes until the same car reappeared”之间是转折关系，前面说去寻找，后面说没找到，直到那辆车再次出现，所以用连词but连接。故填but。
14．考查非谓语动词。句意：这些善良的陌生人又绕了回来，发现了鞋子，甚至帮我们捡了起来。句子谓语动词是circled back，空格处填入非谓语动词和picking up并列，作状语，动词spt与其逻辑主语These kind strangers之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式。故填sptting。
Passage 4
（2025·北京东城·一模）Researchers have discvered that dgs can identify the vices f different members f their human family. The research team tested 31 pet dgs. Three human caretakers f each dg 15 (ask) t recrd their vices. Then they sat quietly in frnt f the dg while the recrding played. The dgs usually apprached — r at least spent mre time lking at — the persn 16 vice they heard. Experts hpe t study whether ther mammals have this skill, s they can better understand 17 different species learn t cmmunicate with each ther.
【答案】15．were asked 16．whse 17．hw
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了研究发现狗能识别主人声音及后续研究期望。
15．考查动词时态和语态。句意：每只狗的三位人类照顾者被要求录制他们的声音。结合前文的tested可知，此处表示过去发生的动作，且动词ask与主语Three human caretakers之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为复数，be动词用were。故填were asked。
16．考查定语从句。句意：这些狗通常会靠近——或者至少花更多时间看着——它们听到声音的那个人。空格处引导定语从句，修饰先行词the persn，且关系词在从句中作定语，修饰vice，应用关系代词whse。故填whse。
17．考查宾语从句。句意：专家们希望研究其他哺乳动物是否也有这种技能，以便他们能更好地理解不同物种是如何学会相互交流的。空格处引导宾语从句，且从句中缺少方式状语，表示“如何”，应用连接副词hw。故填hw。
Passage 5
（2025·北京房山·一模）Li Yikun started as a kitchen assistant and later 11 (becme) a fd deliveryman. While 12 (wrk), he pursued a cllege degree. Curius abut mechanical devices, he hped t find a jb related t mechanical peratin. When an e-cmmerce platfrm hired drne pilts, Li decided t give it a sht. He landed his dream jb, 13 has increased his incme and interest in drnes. By nw, he 14 (btain) a drne instructr certificate.
【答案】11．became 12．wrking 13．which 14．has btained
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了李毅坤对机械装置很好奇，最后成为无人机教练的经历。
11．考查时态。句意：李毅坤最初是一名厨房助理，后来成为一名送餐员。根据上文谓语started可知，并列谓语动词becme为一般过去时。故填became。
12．考查状语从句省略句。句意：在工作期间，他攻读了大学学位。此处是while引导时间状语从句省略句，从句主语he和从句谓语动词wrk是主动关系，正在进行的动作，谓语动词wrk用be ding形式，状语从句中，当从句主语和主句主语一致且从句谓语中包含be动词，可省略从句主语和be动词，用现在分词wrking。故填wrking。
13．考查定语从句。句意：他找到了自己梦寐以求的工作，这份工作增加了他的收入，也增加了他对无人机的兴趣。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词jb，先行词指物，关系词替代先行词在从句作主语，用关系代词which。故填which。
14．考查时态。句意：到目前为止，他已经获得了无人机教练证书。根据上文By nw可知，谓语动词btain为现在完成时，主语为he，助动词用has。故填has btained。
Passage 6
（2025·北京房山·一模）Ne Zha 2, 15 (base) n a Chinese flk character, earned mre than 8 billin yuan during the week-lng Chinese New Year hliday. It brke the recrd set by 2021’s The Battle f Lake Changjin. Ht ff its dmestic success, it 16 (shw) verseas next week, including in the US, Canada and Australia. “It nt nly shws the strng pwer f Chinese animatin, but als 17 (demnstrate) the endless pssibilities f traditinal Chinese stries in the mdern cntext,” reads ne review.
【答案】15．based 16．will be shwn/will be shwed/is ging t be shwn/is ging t be shwed 17．demnstrates
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。主要说明了电影《哪吒2》在国内大获成功后，将在海外上映。
15．考查非谓语动词。句意：根据中国民间人物改编的电影《哪吒2》在为期一周的春节假期中票房超过80亿元。此处非谓语动词base与Ne Zha 2构成逻辑被动关系，base用过去分词形式作定语。故填based。
16．考查时态语态。句意：在国内大获成功后，该片将于下周在海外上映，包括美国、加拿大和澳大利亚。主语it与谓语动词shw构成被动关系，根据后文next week可知为一般将来时的被动语态。故填will be shwn/will be shwed/is ging t be shwn/is ging t be shwed。
17．考查时态。句意：“它不仅展示了中国动画的强大力量，也展示了中国传统故事在现代背景下的无限可能性，”一篇评论写道。句子主语it是单数，且nt nly…but als连接并列谓语，前半句谓语shws用单数形式，后半句并列谓语动词demnstrate也为一般现在时，谓语用三单形式。故填demnstrates。
(2025·北京·高考)
There’s smething magical abut the way imaginatin wrks. Arund the wrld, kids are using imaginatin in ways that were nce nly fund in science fictin.
Take the stry f Mark Lee. He lved biking arund his neighburhd but grew upset seeing that many plastic bttles littered the parks and sidewalks. Instead f simply cmplaining, he decided t d smething abut it.
Using an ld 3D printer, Mark started experimenting. He melted (熔化) plastic bttles dwn and tried shaping them int small bricks. At first, everything went wrng — the plastic brke, the printer jammed, and the pieces didn’t fit tgether. Friends laughed a little, and even Mark’s parents thught he shuld just give up.
But Mark had a different idea. He redesigned the bricks t lck tgether like puzzle (拼图) pieces and adjusted the heating temperature carefully. After mnths f trial and errr, he succeeded. With a little help frm his schl and the lcal cmmunity centre, Mark used his bricks t build a small bike shelter fr his neighburhd.
And he’s nt alne. Thirteen-year-ld Sally Carter lved reading fantasy bks. Inspired by magical maps in her stries, she wndered: what if we culd build a real-wrld app that helps peple explre hidden places in their wn cities? She gathered friends, learned sme basic prgramming, and tgether they created an app that maps small lcal parks and gardens few peple knew abut. Their app quickly grew ppular in twn and even wn a lcal yuth innvatin award.
Next time yu see a yung persn lst in thught, dn’t rush t pull them back. They might just be imagining the next great idea.
40. What upset Mark when he was biking arund his neighburhd?
_____________________________________________________________
41. Hw des the app created by Sally and her friends help?
_____________________________________________________________
42. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
> With encuragement frm his friends and parents, Mark built a small bike shelter fr his neighburhd after mnths f trial and errr.
_____________________________________________________________
43. Hw can yu put yur imaginatin int practice as Mark and Sally did? (In abut 40 wrds)
_____________________________________________________________
【答案】
40. Seeing that many plastic bttles littered the parks and sidewalks.
41. It helps peple explre hidden places like small lcal parks and gardens in their wn cities.
42. Accrding t the passage, friends laughed a little, and even Mark’s parents thught he shuld just give up；s this part With encuragement frm his friends and parents is false.
43. First, identify a prblem r an idea. Then, experiment bravely, learn relevant skills if needed, and keep trying despite difficulties.
【主题】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了 Mark Lee 和 Sally Carter 两位青少年发挥想象力并付诸实践的故事，鼓励年轻人积极发挥想象力。
40.【解析】考查细节理解。根据第二段“He lved biking arund his neighburhd but grew upset seeing that many plastic bttles littered the parks and sidewalks. (他喜欢在社区里骑自行车，但看到公园和人行道上到处都是塑料瓶，他很沮丧。)” 可知，让 Mark 沮丧的是看到公园和人行道上有很多塑料瓶。故填 Seeing that many plastic bttles littered the parks and sidewalks.
41.【解析】考查细节理解。根据第五段“what if we culd build a real - wrld app that helps peple explre hidden places in their wn cities? She gathered friends, learned sme basic prgramming, and tgether they created an app that maps small lcal parks and gardens few peple knew abut. (如果我们能开发一个现实世界的应用程序，帮助人们探索他们自己城市里隐藏的地方会怎么样呢？她召集了朋友们，学习了一些基本的编程知识，然后他们一起开发了一个应用程序，该程序可以绘制出很少有人知道的当地小公园和花园的地图。)” 可知，Sally 和她朋友创建的应用程序帮助人们探索自己城市里像小公园和花园这样隐藏的地方。故填It helps peple explre hidden places like small lcal parks and gardens in their wn cities.
42.【解析】考查细节理解。根据第三段“Friends laughed a little, and even Mark’s parents thught he shuld just give up. (朋友们有点嘲笑，甚至 Mark 的父母都认为他应该放弃。)” 可知，Mark 并没有得到朋友和父母的鼓励，所以“With encuragement frm his friends and parents” 这部分是错误的。故填Accrding t the passage, friends laughed a little, and even Mark’s parents thught he shuld just give up.”；s this part With encuragement frm his friends and parents is false.”
43.【解析】考查开放性试题。结合Mark和Sally故事，他们都是先发现问题或有想法，然后勇敢尝试，必要时学习相关技能，面对困难坚持不懈。故填First, identify a prblem r an idea. Then, experiment bravely, learn relevant skills if needed, and keep trying despite difficulties.
(2024·北京·高考)
Grwing up, I idealised independence. I always wanted my wn effrts t be enugh. When I decided t pursue a pstgraduate degree, I wanted t develp a nvel research prgramme and quickly establish myself as an independent scientist. But I was unrealistically ptimistic abut what I culd achieve.
As I began designing experiments, my cmmittee members warned me abut the challenges I wuld face. But my need fr independence drve me t push frward with my research plan. As a result, the first fur years f my pstgraduate career were defined by a series f failures.
During my secnd year, I failed my cmprehensive exam because my prpsal was unclear. During my third year, I discvered that after treating thusands f seeds, I btained just ne plant I culd use fr experiments. By my furth year, my desperatin t succeed vershadwed my desire fr independence.
My adviser and I devised (想出) a smewhat unusual slutin: I wuld spend three mnths in a cllabrating (合作的) lab t btain specialised training. I wrked extensively with ther students, cnstantly asked questins, and helped with nging prjects t learn everything I culd. Finally, I cnducted an elegant experiment that wuld nt have been pssible withut the help f the members in the lab.
My adviser saw this experience as a grundbreaking success, emphasising the cllabrating skills I acquired. A few mnths later, when I repeated the experiment in my hme lab, I prduced mre publishable data. By learning when t ask fr help, I eventually fund myself n the way t becming an independent scientist.
40. In the beginning, what drve the authr t push frward with the research plan?
___________________________________________________________________________________________
41. What was the slutin by the adviser and the authr after thse repeated failures?
____________________________________________________________________________________________
42. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
> The adviser cnsidered the authr’s experience in the lab a grundbreaking success because publishable data had been prduced.
___________________________________________________________________________________________
43. Frm this stry, what can yu learn abut “independence”? (In abut 40 wrds)
___________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
40. The need t be recgnized as an independent scientist.
41. The authr wuld spend three mnths in a cllabrating lab t btain specialised training.
42. The adviser cnsidered the authr’s experience in the lab a grundbreaking success because publishable data had been prduced. It is because the authr had acquired the cllabrating skills by wrking with thers there s that the adviser cnsidered the authr’s experience in the lab a grundbreaking success.
43. In the stry success in becming an independent scientist was ultimately achieved thrugh cllabratin, adaptive learning, and resilience in the face f setbacks. Frm the stry, we learn that while independence is initially idealised and pursued passinately, true independence ften invlves recgnizing the value f cllabratin and learning than t seek help. (答案言之有理即可)
【主题】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者在追求科学研究的独立过程中遇到的挑战、失败、学习和成长的故事。
40.【解析】考查细节理解。根据第二段“As I began designing experiments, my cmmittee members warned me abut the challenges I wuld face. But my need fr independence drve me t push frward with my research plan. (当我开始设计实验时，我的委员会成员警告我，我将面临的挑战。但是我对独立的需求驱使我推进我的研究计划)”可知，一开始，是作者对独立的需求驱使作者推进这个研究计划。故答案为：The need t be recgnized as an independent scientist.
41.【解析】考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段“My adviser and I devised (想出) a smewhat unusual slutin: I wuld spend three mnths in a cllabrating (合作的) lab t btain specialised training. (我的导师和我想出了一个有点不同寻常的解决方案：我将在一个合作实验室里待上三个月，接受专门培训)”可知，在反复的失败之后，导师和作者的解决方案是，作者将花三个月的时间在合作实验室接受专门培训。故答案为：The authr wuld spend three mnths in a cllabrating lab t btain specialised training.
42.【解析】考查细节理解。根据最后一段“My adviser saw this experience as a grundbreaking success, emphasising the cllabrating skills I acquired. A few mnths later, when I repeated the experiment in my hme lab, I prduced mre publishable data.(我的导师认为这段经历是一次开创性的成功，强调了我获得的合作技能。几个月后，当我在家里的实验室里重复这个实验时，我得到了更多可发表的数据)”可知，导师认为作者在实验室的经历是一次开创性的成功，这是因为作者通过与他人合作获得了合作技能，而不是因为产生了可发表的数据。故答案：The adviser cnsidered the authr’s experience in the lab a grundbreaking success because publishable data had been prduced.
It is because the authr had acquired the cllabrating skills by wrking with thers there s that the adviser cnsidered the authr’s experience in the lab a grundbreaking success.
43.【解析】开放性问题。答案言之有理即可。通读全文可知，作者成为一名独立科学家的成功最终是通过合作、适应性学习和面对挫折的韧性来实现的。从这个故事中，我们了解到，虽然独立最初是理想化的，并被热情地追求，但真正的独立往往包括认识到合作的价值，并学会何时寻求帮助。故答案为：In the stry, success in becming an independent scientist was ultimately achieved thrugh cllabratin, adaptive learning, and resilience in the face f setbacks. Frm the stry, we learn that while independence is initially idealised and pursued passinately, true independence ften invlves recgnizing the value f cllabratin and learning when t seek help.
(2023·北京·高考) Habit frmatin is the prcess by which behaviurs becme autmatic. Peple develp cuntless habits as they explre the wrld, whether they are aware f them r nt. Understanding hw habits take shape may be helpful in changing bad habits.
Habits are built thrugh learning and repetitin. A persn is thught t develp a habit in the curse f pursuing gals by beginning t assciate certain cues(刺激) with behaviural respnses that help meet the gal. Over time, thughts f the behaviur and ultimately the behaviur itself are likely t be triggered(触发) by these cues.
A “habit lp(环)” is a way f describing several related elements that prduce habits. These elements are called the cue, the rutine, and the reward. Fr example, stress culd serve as a cue that ne respnds t by eating, which prduces the reward﹣the reductin f stress. While a rutine invlves repeated behaviur, it’s nt necessarily perfrmed in respnse t a deep﹣rted urge, as a habit is.
Old habits can be difficult t shake, and healthy habits are ften harder t develp. But thrugh repetitin, it’s pssible t frm new habits. The amunt f time needed t build a habit will depend n multiple factrs, including the individual and the intended behaviur. While yu are able t pickup a new habit in a few weeks, it takes many mnths t build a healthy habit. Take sme time t think abut what leads t bad habits and re﹣evaluate what yu get ut f them (r dn’t). Cnsider and keep in mind why yu want t make a change, including hw the change reflects yur values.
40．Hw are habits built?

41．In what way is a rutine different frm a habit?

42．Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
Picking up a new habit takes a few week, while building a healthy habit takes a shrter time.

43．What benefit(s) have yu gt frm ne f yur gd habits?(In abut 40 wrds)

【答案】
40．Habits are built thrugh learning and repetitin. 41．A rutine invlves repeated behaviur while a habit is a deep﹣rted urge. 42．Picking up a new habit takes a few week, while building a healthy habit takes a shrter time. Because building a healthy habit takes many mnths. 43．I have a gd habit f ging t bed early and getting up early. Therefre, I can study energetically every mrning, which makes me study efficiently. Als, I am very healthy.
【主题】这是一篇说明文。习惯的形成是行为自动形成的过程。人们在探索世界的过程中养成了无数的习惯，不管他们是否意识到这些习惯。文章主要说明了习惯是如何形成的以及对人的影响。
40．【解析】考查细节理解。根据第二段中“Habits are built thrugh learning and repetitin.(习惯是通过学习和重复建立起来的)”可知，习惯是通过学习和重复建立起来的。故填Habits are built thrugh learning and repetitin.。
41．【解析】考查细节理解。根据第三段中“While a rutine invlves repeated behaviur, it’s nt necessarily perfrmed in respnse t a deep﹣rted urge, as a habit is.(虽然一个常规包括重复的行为，但它不一定是为了应对深度﹣根深蒂固的冲动，就像习惯一样)”可知，常规不同于习惯在于：常规是重复的行为，而习惯是深度﹣根深蒂固的冲动，故填A rutine invlves repeated behaviur while a habit is a deep﹣rted urge.。
42．【解析】考查细节理解。根据最后一段中“While yu are able t pickup a new habit in a few weeks, it takes many mnths t build a healthy habit.(虽然你可以在几周内养成一个新的习惯，但是要养成一个健康的习惯却需要好几个月的时间)”可知，养成一个新的习惯需要好几周，而要养成一个健康的习惯却需要好几个月的时间。所以句子“Picking up a new habit takes a few week, while building a healthy habit takes a shrter time.”中“a shrter time”错误，应该为many mnths，故填Picking up a new habit takes a few week, while building a healthy habit takes a shrter time. Because building a healthy habit takes many mnths.。
43．【解析】开放试题，言之有理即可。题干问“你的一个好习惯给你带来了什么好处？（大约40个字）”，答案可以是：我有早睡早起的好习惯。因此，我可以每天早上精力充沛地学习，这使我学习效率高。而且，我很健康。故填I have a gd habit f ging t bed early and getting up early. Therefre, I can study energetically every mrning, which makes me study efficiently. Als, I am very healthy.。
(2022·北京·高考)
Tm, a 15-year-ld inventr and entrepreneur (创业者), witnessed at his wn schl the widespread cnsumptin f sugary drinks by kids. He knew there had t be a better prtable drink slutin and decided t innvate frm smething he saw in his wn hme: fruit infused (浸泡) water.
Tm watched his mum make healthy fruit infusins but then struggle fr a take-alng ptin. Frm bserving his mum and frm his desire t give kids better drink ptins, he came up with his riginal mdel fr the Fun Bttle. “I wanted t cme up with a healthy, natural way fr peple t drink when n the g. A big part f my missin is t get peple f all ages ff sugary drinks,” Tm explains.
The bttle is made with a strainer (滤网) that allws the great tastes and natural sugars f the varius fruits and vegetables yu chse t cme thrugh the water, withut any f the seeds r skins flwing thrugh.
Tm is prud f his design and excited t be selling the Fun Bttle n his website and in stres, but this 15-year-ld is mst prud f the pprtunities that Fun Bttle presents t thers. It helps t prvide healthy alternatives t sugary drinks; and als Tm dnates part f the prfits t the Organisatin fr a Healthier Generatin (OHG).
Tm has been awarded several prizes, but this teenage innvatr remains humble. When asked what advice he’d give ther entrepreneurial yuth, he says, “Prepare and have yur family’s supprt. It is imprtant t knw frm the beginning that there are a lt f highs and lws, and there is n such thing as vernight success.”
40. What did Tm witness at his wn schl?
___________________________________________________________________________________________
41. Where did Tm get the idea fr the riginal mdel fr the Fun Bttle?
___________________________________________________________________________________________
42. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
Tm is mst prud f the pprtunities that Fun Bttle presents t thers because he nt nly prvides healthy alternatives t sugary drinks but als dnates all the prfits t the OHG.
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Amng Tm’s qualities, which ne(s) d yu think will be imprtant fr us? Why?(In abut 40 wrds)
___________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
40. Tm witnessed the widespread cnsumptin f sugary drinks by kids at his wn schl.
41. Tm gt the idea frm bserving his mum make healthy fruit infusins but then struggle fr a take-alng ptin.
42. Tm is mst prud f the pprtunities that Fun Bttle presents t thers because he nt nly prvides healthy alternatives t sugary drinks but als dnates all the prfits t the OHG.
Tm dnates part f the prfits t the OHG.
43. I think the quality f perspicacity will be imprtant, because this insight can help us cnstantly find ur wn shrtcmings in ur lives, which in turn can help us imprve urselves.(31)
【主题】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述15岁的汤姆看到自己学校的学生喝含糖的饮料，随后发明了一种适合所有年龄的人们可以喝的无糖的健康饮料。
40.【解析】考查细节理解。根据第一段第一句“Tm, a 15-year-ld inventr and entrepreneur (创业者), witnessed at his wn schl the widespread cnsumptin f sugary drinks by kids.”（汤姆，一个15岁的发明家和企业家，在他自己的学校目睹了孩子们大量消费含糖饮料）可知，作为15岁的发明家和创业者，汤姆在学校目睹了孩子们广泛消费含糖饮料。故答案为Tm witnessed the widespread cnsumptin f sugary drinks by kids at his wn schl.
41.【解析】考查细节理解。根据第二段第一句中“Tm watched his mum make healthy fruit infusins ”（汤姆看着他的妈妈制作健康的水果饮料）第二句“ Frm bserving his mum and frm his desire t give kids better drink ptins, he came up with his riginal mdel fr the Fun Bttle. ”（从观察他的母亲和他要给孩子们更好的饮料选择的愿望，他想出了他的原始模型的Fun Bttle）可知，汤姆在观察母亲制作水果饮料的过程中得到启发，才有了Fun Bttle的原始模型。故答案为Tm gt the idea frm bserving his mum make healthy fruit infusins but then struggle fr a take-alng ptin.
42.【解析】考查细节理解。根据第四段中“but this 15-year-ld is mst prud f the pprtunities that Fun Bttle presents t thers. It helps t prvide healthy alternatives t sugary drinks; and als Tm dnates part f the prfits t the Organisatin fr a Healthier Generatin (OHG).”（但是这个15岁的孩子最感到自豪的是Fun Bttle带给其他人的机会。它有助于对含糖饮料提供健康的替代品。而且汤姆还捐赠了部分利润为一个名为OHG的组织）可知，汤姆把自己产品的部分利润，并非全部利润，捐给了OHG。所以错误在于“all the prfits”，应修改为“part f the prfits”，故答案为Tm is mst prud f the pprtunities that Fun Bttle presents t thers because he nt nly prvides healthy alternatives t sugary drinks but als dnates all the prfits t the OHG. Tm dnates part f the prfits t the OHG.
43.【解析】开放题，言之有理即可。根据第一段第一句“Tm, a 15-year-ld inventr and entrepreneur (创业者), witnessed at his wn schl the widespread cnsumptin f sugary drinks by kids.”（汤姆，一个15岁的发明家和企业家，在他自己的学校目睹了孩子们广泛消费含糖饮料）第二段中““I wanted t cme up with a healthy, natural way fr peple t drink when n the g. A big part f my missin is t get peple f all ages ff sugary drinks,” Tm explains.”（“我想出一种健康、自然的方式，让人们在旅途中喝。我的一大任务就是让所有年龄段的人都不再喝含糖饮料,”汤姆解释说）可知，汤姆在看到学生喝含糖的饮料时，他想到要发明出一种适合所有年龄段都能喝的不含糖的饮料，可推知，汤姆是一个很有聪颖的，有洞察力的人。这种洞察力在我们的生活中可以帮助我们不断发现自己的不足，进而帮助我们提升自己。故答案为：I think the quality f perspicacity im is prtant, because this insight can help us cnstantly find ur wn shrtcmings in ur lives, which in turn can help us imprve urselves.(31)
(2021·北京·高考)
Recent research suggests that if an argument gets reslved，the emtinal respnse tied t it is significantly reduced r almst cmpletely erased．Thus，it may be wrth bringing up issues with yur friends， family members，r classmates rather than hlding them back．
There is a difference between arguing and fighting．Arguing is that yu and yur ppnent present yur cncerns and discuss the feelings and issues related t thse cncerns．Yu can engage in an argument respectfully withut stirring up（激起） anger．Fighting，hwever，usually invlves persnal attacks，raising f vices， and strming ut．Discussing yur issues and reslving them instead f stuffing them dwn can imprve yur emtinal health．In a study，2.000 peple were asked t recrd their feelings and experiences fr eight days in a rw．When peple had an argument that they cnsidered reslved， they had half the reactivity （情绪反应） f thse wh avided an argument．Reactivity is an increase in negative emtins r a decrease in psitive emtins．In ther wrds，reslving an argument cuts yur negative feelings by half．One day later， peple wh had a reslved argument reprted n increase f negative emtins cmpared with thse wh avided an argument． This means that reslving an argument can feel like yu have reached a state f reslutin——and yu are less likely t be annyed．
Mrever，the lder yu are，the mre likely yu will cme t a reslutin after an argument．This may be because mre life experience usually leads t mre defined pririties．Yu are mre likely t distinguish between what matters and what des nt．
It is easier t avid a discussin，but risking talking abut it may eventually lead t a better utcme．
40. Accrding t this passage，what is arguing？
___________________________________________________________________________________________
41. Why is it that“the lder yu are， the mre likely yu will cme t a reslutin after an argument”？
___________________________________________________________________________________________
42. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement，then underline it and explain why．
Reslving arguments can imprve yur emtinal health，because it increases yur reactivity and reduces the chance f yu getting angry．
___________________________________________________________________________________________
43.In additin t imprving emtinal health，what d yu think are sme ther benefits f reslving an argument？ （In abut 40 wrds）
___________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
40. Arguing is discussing yur wrries，related feelings and prblems with the ther party．
41. It is because mre life experience may help peple better identify pririties in life．
42. Reslving arguments can imprve yur emtinal health，because it increases yur reactivity and reduces the chance f yu getting angry．Reslving arguments helps t decrease yur reactivity．
43. Reslving arguments can als imprve peple's lgical thinking and resilience, and imprve their relatinship with each ther.（参考答案）
【主题】这是一篇说明文。最近的研究表明，如果争吵得到解决，与之相关的情绪反应会显著减少或几乎完全消除。因此，向你的朋友、家人或同学提出问题可能是值得的，而不是阻止他们。
40.【解析】考查细节理解。根据第二段“Arguing is that yu and yur ppnent present yur cncerns and discuss the feelings and issues related t thse cncerns．”（争论是你和你的对手提出你的担忧，并讨论与这些担忧相关的感受和问题。）可知，争论是提出你的担忧，并讨论与这些担忧相关的感受和问题。故答案为Arguing is discussing yur wrries，related feelings and prblems with the ther party．
41.【解析】考查细节理解。根据第三段“Mrever，the lder yu are，the mre likely yu will cme t a reslutin after an argument．This may be because mre life experience usually leads t mre defined pririties．Yu are mre likely t distinguish between what matters and what des nt．”（而且，年纪越大，越有可能在争吵后找到解决办法。这可能是因为更多的生活经历通常会导致更明确的优先事项。你更有可能区分什么是重要的，什么是不重要的。）可知，更多的生活经验可以帮助人们更好地确定生活中的优先事项。故答案填It is because mre life experience may help peple better identify pririties in life．
42.【解析】考查细节理解。根据第一段“Recent research suggests that if an argument gets reslved，the emtinal respnse tied t it is significantly reduced r almst cmpletely erased．”（如果争吵得到解决，与之相关的情绪反应会显著减少或几乎）可知，解决争吵可以改善你的情绪健康，因为它增加你的反应，减少你生气的机会。解决争论有助于降低你的反应性，而不是增加你的反应力。故答案为Reslving arguments can imprve yur emtinal health，because it increases yur reactivity and reduces the chance f yu getting angry．Reslving arguments helps t decrease yur reactivity．
43.【解析】考查开放思维。解决争吵也可以提高人们的逻辑思维能力和应变能力，使得相互之间的关系得到升华。故可能答案版本一为Reslving arguments can als imprve peple's lgical thinking and resilience, and imprve their relatinship with each ther.
（2024·天津·高考真题）
阅读表达 Studies shw teaching children hw t ck at an early age helps with reading cmprehensin and fine mtr ability, in additin t learning abut nutritin and fd safety. In 2015 Stephanie Drewry was lking fr a cking summer camp fr her three children. T her dismay, she quickly realized such a camp didn’t exist.
“I have my degree in educatin, but I had been staying hme with my kids, ” Drewry says. “I lve wrking with kids, s I just decided t take a spare bedrm and turn it int a ne-rm cking schl called Spruts Cking Schl. ”
The schl grew in ppularity s quickly that Drewry realized she wuld need mre space utside her hme fr the classes. In 2017 she mved Spruts int a 1,400-square-ft strefrnt (临街店面) in Carmel, Indiana. As demand grew, Drewry pened anther Spruts in the same area in 2022.
“Our classrms are built with kids in mind. The wrktps (操作台) in the classrms are slightly lwer than nrmal t fit in with their height,” Drewry says. “All f the cking facilities are dmestic nes. I wanted t have them feel like cking in their wn hme.”
The schl ffers activities targeted at kids aged 3 t 13. Yunger kids might make ckies while lder nes are cking sup and meatballs. There are birthday parties and summer camps as well. The fun part f the activities is that the kids can eat r take hme whatever they make. They can als enjy themselves in the themed classes like Harry Ptter r Winter Wnder-land Baking. With all these activities, the schl is extremely ppular.
Teaching kids, especially thse picky eaters, t ck helps a lt because they’re mre willing t eat smething made by themselves. Mre imprtantly, it is als abut releasing children int the wrld with a life skill they’ll need as an adult when they’re n lnger in their parents’ care.
1．What des the underlined wrd mean in Paragraph 1? (1 wrd)

2．Why was Spruts mved int a 1,400-square-ft strefrnt in 2017? (n mre than 10 wrds)

3．Hw des the schl design the classrms in cnsideratin f kids’ height? (n mre than 10 wrds)

4．Why is the schl s ppular accrding t Paragraph 5? (n mre than10 wrds)

5．Besides cking, what ther life skills wuld yu like t develp? Please give ne example and explain why. (n mre than 20 wrds)

【答案】1．Disappintment. / Unhappiness. / Frustratin. / Wrry. / Sadness. / Discuragement. / Dissatisfactin. / Discntent. 2．Because f its grwing ppularity and need fr mre space.
Or: Because it needed mre space fr classes.
Or: Because it became ppular very quickly. 3．By slightly lwering the wrktps.
Or: The schl makes the wrktps lwer than nrmal.
Or: The wrktps are slightly lwer than nrmal. 4．Because it ffers different kinds f fun activities.
Or: Because varius/ diverse and interesting activities are ffered.
Or: It ffers fun activities targeted at children f different ages. 5．I’d like t develp the skill f driving. I can g t different places and enjy a cnvenient life.
Or: Swimming. I have a better chance f survival in case f emergency.
Or: Cmmunicatin skills. With gd cmmunicatin skills, I can establish gd interpersnal relatinships with peple arund me.
Or: Cmputer skills. Gd cmputer skills enable me t enjy a mre cnvenient and efficient life.
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了斯蒂芬妮·德鲁里为了让自己的孩子学习烹饪知识，建立了烹饪学校，介绍了学校的一些情况。
1．考查词句猜测。根据第一段“Stephanie Drewry was lking fr a cking summer camp fr her three children(斯蒂芬妮·德鲁里正在为她的三个孩子寻找一个烹饪夏令营)”和下文“she quickly realized such a camp didn’t exist.(她很快意识到这样的营地并不存在)”可知，Drewry想让孩子参加烹饪夏令营，但是发现没有此类项目，所以感到很失望。故划线词意思是“失望”或“不开心”、“沮丧”、“担心”或“悲伤”。故答案为Disappintment. / Unhappiness. / Frustratin. / Wrry. / Sadness./ Discuragement. / Dissatisfactin. / Discntent.
2．考查细节理解。根据第三段“The schl grew in ppularity s quickly that Drewry realized she wuld need mre space utside her hme fr the classes.(这所学校受欢迎的速度如此之快，以至于德鲁里意识到她需要在家外面有更多的地方来上课)”可知，Drewry的学校大受欢迎，所以需要更大的办学空间。故答案为Because f its grwing ppularity and need fr mre space. Or: Because it needed mre space fr classes.
Or: Because it became ppular very quickly.
3．考查细节理解。根据第四段“Our classrms are built with kids in mind. The wrktps (操作台) in the classrms are slightly lwer than nrmal t fit in with their height(我们的教室是为孩子们而建的。教室里的工作台面略低于正常水平，以适应他们的身高)”可知，Spruts学校的设计以学生为本，教室内的操作 台比正常高度稍低，以适应孩子们的身高。故答案为By slightly lwering the wrktps.
Or: The schl makes the wrktps lwer than nrmal.
Or: The wrktps are slightly lwer than nrmal.
4．考查细节理解。根据第五段“The schl ffers activities targeted at kids aged 3 t 13. Yunger kids might make ckies while lder nes are cking sup and meatballs. There are birthday parties and summer camps as well. The fun part f the activities is that the kids can eat r take hme whatever they make. They can als enjy themselves in the themed classes like Harry Ptter r Winter Wnder-land Baking. With all these activities, the schl is extremely ppular.(这所学校提供针对3至13岁儿童的活动。年幼的孩子可能会做饼干，而年长的孩子正在做汤和肉丸。也有生日聚会和夏令营。这些活动的有趣之处在于，孩子们可以吃自己做的东西，也可以把它们带回家。他们还可以在哈利波特或冬日仙境烘焙等主题课程中尽情享受。由于这些活动，这所学校非常受欢迎)”可知，学校提供了各种各样有趣的课程和活动，深受学生喜爱。故答案为Because it ffers different kinds f fun activities.
Or: Because varius/ diverse and interesting activities are ffered. Or: It ffers fun activities targeted at children f different ages.
5．考查开放题。要求“除了烹饪，你还想培养哪些生活技能？请举一个例子并解释原因。”可回答我想提高驾驶技术。我可以去不同的地方，享受便利的生活。或者：游泳。在紧急情况下我有更大的生存机会。或者：沟通技巧。有良好的沟通能力，能与周围的人建立良好的人际关系。或者：计算机技能。良好的计算机技能使我能够享受更方便、更高效的生活。故答案为I’d like t develp the skill f driving. I can g t different places and enjy a cnvenient life.
Or: Swimming. I have a better chance f survival in case f emergency.
Or: Cmmunicatin skills. With gd cmmunicatin skills, I can establish gd interpersnal relatinships with peple arund me.
Or: Cmputer skills. Gd cmputer skills enable me t enjy a mre cnvenient and efficient life.
（2024·天津·高考真题）
Awake frm a shrt sleep in her chair, my grandmther ran her fingers thrugh her wavy white hair, lked ut her windw at the blue sky, and asked me what I wuld wish fr if I had just ne wish.
She ften asks this, and I always answer the same way—“T have Granddad back” —which usually gets her reminiscing abut him. Memries f their 67-year life tgether wuld always make her smile.
My grandmther was brn in Ireland. In her teens, she mved t a pr village in England. At 28, my grandmther walked herself thrugh the snw t birth her first child. When she was 50, she survived an emergency surgery. In her 60s, she suffered frm arthritis(关节炎)but still managed t climb Snwdn, Wales’s tallest peak.
Abut a decade ag, I nticed that she began t lse her hearing. If I asked what she had fr lunch, she might say, “Oh, the weather has been lvely tday. ” She seemed t recycle the same handful f answers t my questins.
In recent years, I’ve been trying t shw up fr her mre, in persn. One day after I made us cffee, I asked her: “What’s the secret t being successful in yur 90s? ”
“Oh Richard, s many peple are ld at 60. They just want t sit all day. Yu wn’t make it t 90 like that. Yu have t try. ”
“Try what? ”
“Try walking, ” she said. “Try gardening. Try cking. Trying desn’t require a lt f trying. Just try a little . Like, with this cffee yu’ve made us. I knw yu tried . ”
Even at 93, my grandmther still knits blankets fr the lcal hspital’s babies and buys bks t cntinue with her French. “Age is just anther bt- her attempting t cnvince yu f the impssible in the wrld, but actually the wrld is filled with pssibilities,” she nce said.
1．What des the underlined phrase mean in Paragraph 2? (n mre than 2 wrds)

2．What is the main idea f Paragraph 3? (n mre than 10 wrds)

3．Why did the authr’s grandmther recycle the same answers t his questins? (n mre than 10 wrds)

4．Hw can peple be successful in ld age accrding t the authr’s grandmther? (n mre than 10 wrds)

5．In yur pinin, what can yung peple d t imprve the quality f ld peple’s life? (n mre than 20 wrds)

【答案】1．Remembering./Thinking f. /Thinking abut. /Missing.
My grandmther has/ had a rich life experience./My grandmther has gne thrugh a lt. /My grandmther is/was an extrardinary wman.
Because she began t lse her hearing. /Because she culd nt hear clearly.
4．They shuld remain active in ld age./By trying different things. /They shuld try ding things. 5．We can help ld peple t learn new skills s that they can keep pace with sciety./They can visit their grandparents mre ften and spend time with them.
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了作者与祖母之间的日常交流，重点描绘了祖母积极向上、勇于尝试的生活态度，并表达了年龄不是限制、世界充满可能性的主旨。
1．考查词义猜测。根据第二段划线词前面的内容“She ften asks this, and I always answer the same way—“T have Granddad back” (她经常问我这个问题，我总是这样回答——“为了让爷爷回来。”)”以及划线词后的内容“Memries f their 67-year life tgether wuld always make her smile.(他们67年的共同生活总是让她微笑。)”可知，作者总是以同样的方式来回答：让爷爷回来，一提到这就会让奶奶想起了和爷爷在一起的时光，这些时光总是让奶奶微笑。故划线词意为“想起，记起来，想念”。故答案为Remembering./Thinking f./ Thinking abut. /Missing.
2．考查主旨大意。根据第三段中“My grandmther was brn in Ireland. In her teens, she mved t a pr village in England. At 28, my grandmther walked herself thrugh the snw t birth her first child. When she was 50, she survived an emergency surgery. In her 60s, she suffered frm arthritis(关节炎)but still managed t climb Snwdn, Wales’s tallest peak.(我祖母出生在爱尔兰。在她十几岁的时候，她搬到了英国的一个贫穷的村庄。28岁时，我的祖母在雪地里步行生下了她的第一个孩子。50岁时，她在一次紧急手术中幸存下来。60多岁时，她饱受关节炎之苦，但仍成功攀登了威尔士最高峰斯诺登峰。)”可知，本段主要介绍了奶奶的生活经历描述了奶奶具有丰富的人生经历，她是一位非凡的女性。故答案为My grandmther has/had a rich life experience./My grandmther has gne thrugh a lt./My grandmther is/was an extrardinary wman.
3．考查细节理解。根据第四段中“Abut a decade ag, I nticed that she began t lse her hearing. If I asked what she had fr lunch, she might say, “Oh, the weather has been lvely tday. ”(大约十年前，我注意到她的听力开始下降。如果我问她午餐吃了什么，她可能会说：“哦，今天天气真好。”)”可知，作者注意到祖母十年前开始失去听力，所以当作者问她午饭吃了什么时，她可能会说“哦，今天天气真好。”，这说明她无法听清作者的问题，因此会用同样的几个答案来回答作者的问题。故答案为Because she began t lse her hearing./Because she culd nt hear clearly.
4．考查细节理解。根据第六段中““Oh Richard, s many peple are ld at 60. They just want t sit all day. Yu wn’t make it t 90 like that. Yu have t try. ”(“哦，Richard，很多人60岁就老了。他们只想整天坐着。你这样活不到90岁的。你必须尝试。”)”以及第八段““Try walking, ” she said. “Try gardening. Try cking. Trying desn’t require a lt f trying. Just try a little . Like, with this cffee yu’ve made us. I knw yu tried . ”(“试试走路，”她说。“试试园艺。试着做饭。尝试并不需要很多尝试。就尝一点。比如，你给我们煮的咖啡。我知道你尽力了。”)”可知，作者祖母认为人要想在老年时成功，就要不断尝试。故答案为They shuld remain active in ld age./By trying different things./ They shuld try ding things.
5．开放性试题。本题为开放性试题，回答合理即可。根据问题内容“In yur pinin, what can yung peple d t imprve the quality f ld peple’s life? (在你看来，年轻人能做些什么来提高老年人的生活质量？)”可知，本人认为：我们可以帮助老年人学习新的技能，使他们能够跟上社会的步伐。或者他们可以更经常地看望他们的祖父母，花时间和他们在一起。故答案为We can help ld peple t learn new skills s that they can keep pace with sciety./They can visit their grandparents mre ften and spend time with them.
（2023·天津·高考真题）
Herman Cruse, a schl bus driver frm New Jersey, has been with Middle Twnship Public Schls fr the past nine years. He believes bus drivers are the eyes and ears f students when they're away frm hme and they have a gift t discern what kids are feeling.
During ne mrning ride, Cruse nticed a kindergartner seemed a little sad. When Cruse asked him what was wrng, the by explained that he wasn't able t cmplete his reading assignment because his parents were busy with his fur siblings (兄弟姐妹). An idea suddenly crssed Cruse's mind. “Listen, if yu dn't mind, I'd like t cme t the schl and read with yu. ”he said.
After receiving permissin frm the by's teacher, Alex Bakley, Cruse shwed up at her classrm the fllwing week. When he walked in, the by shuted prudly, “Hey, that's my bus driver!”They went int a quiet crner and began reading tgether. Later, a secnd student wanted t read with him, then a third. All the kids went t the teacher asking, “Can I read with Mr. Herman?”
Cruse nw vlunteers t help kindergarten students with reading tw days a week, and n a third day, he instructs the schl's first-and secnd-graders. After drpping the kids ff at schl, f curse. Every child lks up t Cruse, bth n and ff the schl bus. “Herman is super psitive and he's a bright light at ur schl wh makes every child feel lved and heard. ”said Bakley.
Fr Cruse, what started ut as a way t kill time has nw develped int a way t make a difference in the heart f a child. He used t g t the gym r library after delivering students t schls. It wasn't until he ffered t help the by n the bus that he realized there was smething mre rewarding he culd be ding. It's a jy fr him t see the kids get excited when they learn t sund ut wrds. He lves hw reading pens up a new wrld fr them.
1．What des the underlined wrd mean in Paragraph 1? (1 wrd)

2．Why did the by n the bus lk a little upset? (n mre than 11 wrds)

3．What help des Cruse ffer after delivering students t schls? (n mre than 12 wrds)

4．Why des Cruse think his vluntary wrk is rewarding accrding t the last paragraph? (n mre than 16 wrds)

5．Wh's “a bright light” in yur life? Please explain in yur wn wrds. (n mre than 20 wrds)

1．Ntice/Sense /Perceive. 2．(Because)his parents were t busy t read with him. 3．Helping kindergartners with reading and instructing the schl's first-and secnd-graders. 4．(Because)the kids get excited when reading, which pens up a new wrld fr them. 5．My father/mther. (Because)he/she encurages me and helps me (t)vercme the difficulties in my life.
【导语】文章主要讲述了幼儿园的校车司机Cruse帮助幼儿园的一位小男孩练习阅读的故事。
1．考查词义猜测。由文章第一段第二句“He believes bus drivers are the eyes and ears f students when they're away frm hme ”(他认为，当学生们远离家时，公交车司机是他们的眼睛和耳朵。)和文章第二段第一句“During ne mrning ride, Cruse nticed a kindergartner seemed a little sad. ”(在一次早上的驾驶途中，克鲁斯注意到一个幼儿园的孩子看起来有点悲伤。)可知，公交车司机要有感知和注意孩子们情绪的天赋。故答案为Ntice/Sense /Perceive.
2．考查细节理解。由文章第二段第二句“the by explained that he wasn't able t cmplete his reading assignment because his parents were busy with his fur siblings(兄弟姐妹). ”(男孩解释说，他没能完成阅读作业，因为他的父母忙于照顾他的四个兄弟姐妹。)可知男孩的父母太忙了无法帮助他完成阅读作业。故填(Because)his parents were t busy t read with him.
3．考查细节理解。由文章第四段第一句“Cruse nw vlunteers t help kindergarten students with reading tw days a week, and n a third day, he instructs the schl's first-and secnd-graders. ”(Cruse现在自愿帮助幼儿园学生每周阅读两天，第三天，他指导学校的一年级和二年级学生。)可知Cruse帮助幼儿园和一年级、二年级的孩子阅读。故填Helping kindergartners with reading and instructing the schl's first-and secnd-graders.
4．考查推理判断。由文章最后一个自然段最后两句“It's a jy fr him t see the kids get excited when they learn t sund ut wrds. He lves hw reading pens up a new wrld fr them.”(他很高兴看到孩子们在学习发音时变得兴奋起来。他喜欢阅读为他们打开一个新的世界。)可知Cruse觉得非常值得是因为阅读为孩子们打开了全新的世界。故填(Because)the kids get excited when reading, which pens up a new wrld fr them.
5．开放性试题。由文章第四段第三句“Herman is super psitive and he's a bright light at ur schl wh makes every child feel lved and heard.”(赫尔曼非常积极，他是我们学校的一盏明灯，让每个孩子都感到被爱和被倾听。)可知bright light是能引导学生积极方向的人，让学生感受到爱和希望。所以，可以填写能引导自己积极向上的人。故填My father/mther. (Because) he/she encurages me and helps me (t) vercme the difficulties in my life.
6．An award-winning ckbk authr. 7．T give her family and the next generatin a great gift. 8．Persnal experiences 9．Raised mney t buy meals frm Chinatwn restaurants and delivered them t thse in need. 10．Her wrk inspires me t learn mre abut Chinese cking and t share it with thers.
（2023·天津·高考真题）
Grwing up in San Francisc, Grace Yung used t watch her father shp daily in Chinatwn fr whatever he needed t make traditinal Chinese meals at hme. As an award-winning ckbk authr, Ms. Yung, nw 66, has spent decades shpping the same way in New Yrk’s Chinatwn.
Ms. Yung develped a passin fr cking at an early age. At 13, she started t sit in n cking classes. After cllege, Ms. Yung mved t New Yrk and wrked in a bk-packaging cmpany. In her 30s, she realized that while she had helped create mre than 40 ckbks, she didn’t knw hw t make the dishes that tasted f hme. “I knew if I recrded all f my parents’ recipes, it wuld be a great gift that I culd give my family and the next generatin.” she says.
Yet what began as a recipe bk became a kind f memir. Talking abut fd encuraged her parents t finally pen up abut their past, like the fact that her father had wned a Chinatwn restaurant in the 1940s. “It was really an amazing way t learn nt nly my family’s recipes, but als my family’s stry. “she says. The Wisdm f the Chinese Kitchen (1999) launched Ms. Yung’s wrk in preserving and sustaining Chinese culinary (烹饪的)traditins.
Ms. Yung has als devted herself t supprting the restaurants in Chinatwn. Since early 2020, Ms. Yung has raised mney t buy meals frm Chinatwn restaurants and deliver them t thse in need. This year, instead f cking at hme fr her husband and friends, she celebrated the Chinese New Year with varius dishes frm lcal restaurants in Chinatwn. “If these restaurants dn’t survive, Chinese culinary traditins in ur city wn’t survive.” she says.
6．What is Ms. Yung knwn as?(n mre than 5 wrds)

7．Why did Ms. Yung want t recrd her parents’ recipes?(n mre than 15 wrds)

8．What des the underlined wrd mean in Paragraph 3?(n mre than 2 wrds)

9．What has Ms. Yung dne t help Chinatwn restaurants? Please give an example. (n mre than 15 wrds)

10．Hw des Ms. Yung inspire yu in her effrts t preserve Chinese Culinary traditins? Please explain in yur wn wrds. (n mre than 20 wrds)

【导语】
本文是一篇人物传记。文章主要讲述了Grace Yung的故事，她从小在唐人街看着父亲购买食材烹饪中国美食，后来成为一名烹饪书作家。她通过自己的努力和影响力，让更多人了解和欣赏中国烹饪文化。
6．
考查细节理解。根据文章第一段“As an award-winning ckbk authr, Ms. Yung, nw 66, has spent decades shpping the same way in New Yrk’s Chinatwn.(作为一名屡获殊荣的烹饪书作者，现年66岁的杨女士几十年来一直在纽约的唐人街以同样的方式购物。)”可知，杨女士是一名屡获殊荣的烹饪书作者。故答案为An award-winning ckbk authr。
7．
考查细节理解。根据文章第二段““I knew if I recrded all f my parents’ recipes, it wuld be a great gift that I culd give my family and the next generatin.” she says.(“我知道如果我把父母所有的食谱都记录下来，这将是我送给家人和下一代的一份很棒的礼物。”她说。)”可知，她认为把所有的食谱记下来，可以作为给家人和下一代的一份很棒的礼物。故答案为T give her family and the next generatin a great gift。
8．
词义猜测题。根据划线单词下文“Talking abut fd encuraged her parents t finally pen up abut their past, like the fact that her father had wned a Chinatwn restaurant in the 1940s. “It was really an amazing way t learn nt nly my family’s recipes, but als my family’s stry. “she says. (谈论食物鼓励她的父母最终敞开心扉谈论他们的过去，比如她父亲在20世纪40年代曾在唐人街开过一家餐馆。“这真的是一个很棒的方式，不仅可以了解我家人的食谱，还可以了解我家人的故事。”她说。)”可推测，划线单词指的是“个人的一些曾经的过往或经历”。故答案为Persnal experiences。
9．
考查细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Ms. Yung has als devted herself t supprting the restaurants in Chinatwn. Since early 2020, Ms. Yung has raised mney t buy meals frm Chinatwn restaurants and deliver them t thse in need. This year, instead f cking at hme fr her husband and friends, she celebrated the Chinese New Year with varius dishes frm lcal restaurants in Chinatwn.(杨女士还致力于支持唐人街的餐馆。自2020年初以来，杨女士一直在筹集资金，从唐人街的餐馆购买饭菜，并将它们送到有需要的人手中。今年，她没有在家为丈夫和朋友做饭，而是在唐人街的当地餐馆吃了各种各样的菜来庆祝中国新年。“如果这些餐馆没有生存下去，我们城市的中国烹饪传统也将不复存在。”她说。)”可知，杨女士一直在筹集资金，从唐人街的餐馆购买饭菜，并将它们送到有需要的人手中。故答案为Raised mney t buy meals frm Chinatwn restaurants and delivered them t thse in need。
10．
开放题。要求考生谈谈杨女士是如何激励考生努力保护中国烹饪传统的，考生言之有理即可。故参考答案为Her wrk inspires me t learn mre abut Chinese cking and t share it with thers。
11．Fierce./ Strng./ Vilent. 12．N electricity./ The pwer failure./ There was n electricity./ Electricity was gne. 13．They cked n the barbecue, sang, and cunted dwn./ By cking n the barbecue, singing, and cunting dwn. 14．It was the mst exciting ne./ It was a night filled with laughter./ It was special./ Exciting./ Pleasant./ Unfrgettable./ Jyful./ Different./ Memrable./ Unique. 15．It is curage, fr it gives us strength, which enables us t deal with difficulties.
（2022·天津·高考真题）
It was a dark and strmy night. The fercius wind shk the windws wildly, as thugh smene utside were beating n the glass. It was als New Year’s Eve. We were having ur annual party and had a huse full f peple just starting t celebrate.
Suddenly, we heard lud explsins. Lking utside and up int the hills, we saw sparks(火花) flying frm electrical transfrmers(变压器). One area after anther went dark up in thse hills. Then there was the ludest explsin f them all and ur huse went dark t. I tried t find every candle we had and lit them. The candles made everything lk lvely. But we had prblems. We had fifteen peple standing arund and we still had t ck dinner. Hw wuld we d that withut electricity?
The barbecue! Why nt ck n the barbecue? We men went utside, sme hlding flashlights and thers cking. We did a wnderful jb. The wmen stayed inside and gt the salads ready. Everything was delicius. There were still a few hurs t g befre the beginning f the new year, s we all sat arund the dining rm table and sang up until a few minutes befre midnight. We culdn’t watch the ball drp in Times Square n televisin but that wuldn’t stp us frm celebrating. I std n a chair and, with the help f smene’s watch t tell us the time, we all cunted dwn and I drpped a tennis ball! We all screamed Happy New Year. We didn’t need electricity fr that!
Nwadays, we still get tgether with the same grup t celebrate the New Year and we still talk abut that special night. I dn’t think we have ever laughed s much as we did n that New Year’s Eve.
11．What des the underlined wrd mean in Paragraph 1? (1 wrd)

12．What made dinner preparatin difficult accrding t Paragraph 2? (n mre than 6 wrds)

13．Hw did the peple celebrate n New Year’s Eve accrding t the passage? (n mre than 10 wrds)

14．Hw des the authr feel abut that particular New Year’s Eve? (n mre than 8 wrds)

15．What d yu think is the mst necessary quality when dealing with an unexpected difficult situatin? Please explain why. (n mre than 25wrds)

【导语】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要记叙了作者经历过的一个突发事故，新年夜变压器爆炸，十五个朋友面面相觑，没有电还需要做年夜饭，但作者和朋友一起努力，度过了一个美好的新年夜。
11．考查词义猜测。根据文章第一段“The fercius wind shk the windws wildly, as thugh smene utside were beating n the glass.(狂风猛烈地摇动着窗户，好像外面有人在敲打着玻璃。)”，结合常识可知，风肯定很大才会像窗外有人敲打着玻璃；形容风特别大可以用形容词fierce“猛的”、strng“强的”或vilent“暴力的”。故答案为Fierce./ Strng./ Vilent。
12．考查细节理解。根据文章第二段“We had fifteen peple standing arund and we still had t ck dinner. Hw wuld we d that withut electricity?(我们有15个人站着，我们还得做晚饭。没有电，我们要怎么办呢？)” 可知当时有15个人共同准备迎接新年，如何在断电的情况下准备这么多人的晚餐，变得很困难。故答案为N electricity./ The pwer failure./ There was n electricity./ Electricity was gne.。
13．考查细节理解。根据文章第三段“Why nt ck n the barbecue?(为什么不在烧烤架上做呢)”、“s we all sat arund the dining rm table and sang up until a few minutes befre midnight.(所以我们都坐在餐厅的桌子旁，一直唱到午夜前几分钟。)”和“we all cunted dwn and I drpped a tennis ball!(我们都开始倒数，然后我掉了一个网球！)” 可知，大家在烧烤架上做了饭、唱了歌，也做了新年倒数。故答案为They cked n the barbecue, sang, and cunted dwn./ By cking n the barbecue, singing, and cunting dwn.。
14．考查推理判断。根据文章第四段“Nwadays, we still get tgether with the same grup t celebrate the New Year and we still talk abut that special night. I dn’t think we have ever laughed s much as we did n that New Year’s Eve. (现在，我们仍然聚在一起庆祝新年，我们仍然谈论那个特别的夜晚。我想我们从来没有像那个新年前夜那样笑得那么开心过。)”可知，作者认为那一夜是特别的，是充满欢笑的。故答案为It was the mst exciting ne./ It was a night filled with laughter./ It was special./ Exciting./ Pleasant./ Unfrgettable./ Jyful./ Different./ Memrable./ Unique.。
15．
考查推理判断。本题要求考生基于对篇章整体内容的理解，对青年人面对突发事件应如何面对给出自己的想法，为开放性试题。故参考答案为：It is curage, fr it gives us strength, which enables us t deal with difficulties.
16．Gaining new knwledge and sharing it with thers.
Or: Taking Udemycurses and teaching animatin. 17．T make prfessinal prducts and express themselves.
Or: T accmplish/cmplete prfessinal and unique wrks.
Or: T achieve their gals/what they dream f. 18．Anneke helps her students get ver the fear and create their wn animatin wrks. 19．Develp. 20．T learn t use scial media, because it allws them t get t knw the utside wrld better.
（2021·天津·高考真题）
Mst f us assciate learning with yunger peple—kids in schl and cllege r recent graduates early in their careers. But at Udemy, an pen university ffering nline curses, Artist Anneke Camstra is engaged in the pursuit f lifelng learning and displays her ptential fr teaching. She lves the experience f gaining new knwledge and als lves sharing it with thers. “I’m retired, but an artist never retires,” Anneke said. “The last few years n the internet have been a great jy fr me. I’ve taken s many Udemy curses, and ifs such a great feeling t get my brain wrking again. I find just as much satisfactin in teaching animatin(动画制作)t.”
She reaches cuntless peple with her nline curses and expses them t what they can accmplish n their wn using animatin sftware, such as GAnimate and PwTn. Her mtivatin fr teaching n Udemy is “t get the tls t the peple.”“Yu can g such a lng way t make things that lk prfessinal but still have yur wn vice,” she explained.
Mst f Anneke’s students start ut thinking they’re nt creative and can’t draw. Anneke understands hw fear can get in the way f s many things peple dream f ding. With her five-day challenge curses, she helps them get ver the fear. Anneke lves the impact she has n her students. What makes her mre prud f them is that they have gne frm their first animatin t creating their wn wrks.
She encurages peple f all ages, especially lder peple, t cultivate their curisity fr life. Grandparents, fr example, can learn t use GAnimate and make animatins tgether with their grandkids.
“Tm an lder wman, teaching and having fun learning again,” Anneke said, and she wants thers later in their lives t catch up with her n this jurney.
16．What des Anneke enjy ding after her retirement? (n mre than 10 wrds)
17．Accrding t Para. 2, what des Anneke expect her students t d with animatin sftware? (n mre than 10 wrds)
18．What is the main idea f Para. 3? (n mre than 15 wrds)
19．Please explain the meaning f the underlined wrd in Para. 4(1 wrd)
20．What d yu suggest ld peple learn t d? Please give yur reasn(s). (n mre than 20 wrds)
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了退休艺术家Anneke Camstra，人老心不老，积极对待生活，在线上从事动画教学的故事。
16．考查细节理解。根据第一段中“She lves the experience f gaining new knwledge and als lves sharing it with thers. (她喜欢获得新知识的经历，也喜欢与他人分享。)”以及她所说的话“I’ve taken s many Udemy curses, and ifs such a great feeling t get my brain wrking again. I find just as much satisfactin in teaching animatin t. (我上了很多Udemy的课程，能让我的大脑重新工作真是太棒了。我在动画教学中也发现了同样的满足感。)”可知，Anneke退休后获得新的知识并与人分享，她参加Udemy课程并教授动画。故答案为Gaining new knwledge and sharing it with thers. Or: Taking Udemycurses and teaching animatin.
17．考查推理判断。根据第二段中“Her mtivatin fr teaching n Udemy is ‘t get the tls t the peple.’‘Yu can g such a lng way t make things that lk prfessinal but still have yur wn vice,’ she explained.(她教Udemy的动机是‘把工具带给人们’。她解释说：‘你可以走很长一段路，让事情看起来很专业，但仍然有自己的声音。’)”可以推知，她希望学生制作动画有专业性，同时要表达自己的思想，有自己的特色，实现自己的梦想。故答案为T make prfessinal prducts and express themselves. Or: T accmplish/cmplete prfessinal and unique wrks. Or: T achieve their gals/what they dream f.
18．考查主旨大意。根据第三段中“Anneke understands hw fear can get in the way f s many things peple dream f ding. With her five-day challenge curses, she helps them get ver the fear. Anneke lves the impact she has n her students. What makes her mre prud f them is that they have gne frm their first animatin t creating their wn wrks.
(Anneke知道恐惧是如何阻碍人们梦想的事情。通过为期五天的挑战课程，她帮助他们克服恐惧。Anneke喜欢她对学生的影响。更让她感到自豪的是，他们已经从第一部动画发展到创作自己的作品。)”可知，第3段的主旨是Anneke帮助学生克服克服恐惧并创造他们自己的动画作品。故答案为Anneke helps her students get ver the fear and create their wn animatin wrks.
19．考查词句猜测。划线词句后文“Grandparents, fr example, can learn t use GAnimate and make animatins tgether with their grandkids. (例如，祖父母可以学习使用GAnimate和他们的孙辈们一起制作动画。)”举例说明了Anneke主张让老年人和孙辈们一起制作动画，再根据划线词语“She encurages peple f all ages, especially lder peple, tcultivatetheir curisity fr life. (她鼓励所有年龄段的人，尤其是老年人，cultivate他们对生活的好奇心。)”可知，Anneke鼓励老年人，培养发展他们的好奇心。从而推知划线词语cultivate应为“培养；发展”的意思。故答案为Develp.
20．考查读后表达。通读全文，以Anneke Camstra的榜样，我建议应该让老年人学习使用社交媒体，因为它使老年人能更好的了解外面的世界。故答案为T learn t use scial media, because it allws them t get t knw the utside wrld better.
21．She was interested in arts, crafts and music.
Or: She was interested in creative things. 22．Bring./Dull./Uninteresting. 23．She felt/was energetic, enthusiastic and happy.
Or: She was filled with energy, enthusiasm and happiness. 24．She quit/quitted her jb and tk the fashin-design curse.
Or: She attended a sewing class and tk a part-time design curse. 25．Yes, (I d). She has the curage t fllw her heart and d what she really likes.
Or: Yes, (I d). I’d like t live a creative life and make changes when necessary as she. Or: N, (I dn’t). I dn’t like changes and I want t live a secure life.
（2021·天津·高考真题）
I’ve always been creative since I was a little girl. My childhd was filled with arts, crafts (手工) and music, and every day was an exciting adventure f creatin.
Smewhere alng the way, hwever, I lst tuch with my creative self. At 21, I landed a jb at a big insurance cmpany ut f my business degree. I wuld g t the ffice, sit at my desk and repeat the same wrk five days a week 9 t 5. The days were lng and tedius. Wrking this way fr ne year was painful enugh, let alne a lifetime. Befre lng I decided t make a change.
One thing I had develped an interest in was sewing, s I tk a sewing curse at a cmmunity cllege. It was nly a five-week curse but it awakened my interest and gt my cnfidence up.
As I dreamt bigger, I began lking int cllege curses fr Fashin Design and three mnths later I signed up fr a part-time design curse. I attended classes tw nights a week. Althugh exhausting, it gave me energy, enthusiasm and happiness.
As it became clearer that fashin was what I wanted t d full time, the reality f my day-t-day wrk at the insurance cmpany became harder. I felt bred. N energy, n mtivatin and zer fulfilment (满足感).
I knew I needed t make a bigger change. After struggling fr quite a while, I made a difficult decisin—leaving my jb and studying my design curse full time. Tw years later I gt my diplma.
The last few years have been exciting because I’ve been fllwing my heart t d what I lve. Tday I am living a creative life as the designer f my wn fashin brand.
Smetimes it’s hard t make a change, but I’m s glad I set the wheels f change in mtin with that very small first step because it has led me t where I am tday.
21．What was the authr interested in when she was a little girl? (n mre than 10 wrds)
22．What des the underlined wrd in Paragraph 2 mean? (1 wrd)
23．Hw did the authr feel when she was taking the part-time design curse? (n mre than 10 wrds)
24．What did the authr d t get back t her creative life? Give tw f the facts. (n mre than 15 wrds)
25．D yu cnsider the authr as yur rle mdel? Please explain. (n mre than 20 wrds)
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者坚持做自己真正喜欢做的事情，最后取得了成功。
21．考查细节理解。根据文章第一段内容“I’ve always been creative since I was a little girl. My childhd was filled with arts, crafts (手工) and music, and every day was an exciting adventure f creatin.（从我还是一个小女孩的时候起，我就很有创造力。我的童年充满了艺术、手工艺和音乐，每一天都是令人兴奋的创作冒险。）”可知，从作者还是一个小女孩的时候起，她就对有创意的东西感兴趣，对艺术、手工艺和音乐感兴趣。故答案为She was interested in arts, crafts and music./ She was interested in creative things.
22．考查词义猜测。根据画线单词所在句后句“Wrking this way fr ne year was painful enugh, let alne a lifetime. Befre lng I decided t make a change.（这样工作一年已经够痛苦的了，更别说一辈子了。不久我决定做出改变。）”可知，作者现在的工作让她感到痛苦，她并不喜欢这份工作。再根据第五段内容“As it became clearer that fashin was what I wanted t d full time, the reality f my day-t-day wrk at the insurance cmpany became harder. I felt bred. N energy, n mtivatin and zer fulfilment (满足感). （当我越来越清楚地意识到时尚是我全职想要做的事情时，我在保险公司的日常工作变得更加困难。我觉得无聊。没有活力，没有动力，没有满足感。）”可知，作者真正喜欢的是和时尚相关的工作，保险公司的工作让她感觉无聊。由此可知，画线单词所在句表示的是，在保险公司工作的日子漫长而乏味。故答案为Bring./Dull./Uninteresting.
23．考查细节理解。根据文章第四段内容“As I dreamt bigger, I began lking int cllege curses fr Fashin Design and three mnths later I signed up fr a part-time design curse. I attended classes tw nights a week. Althugh exhausting, it gave me energy, enthusiasm and happiness.（当我的梦想更大的时候，我开始研究时装设计的大学课程，三个月后我报名参加了一个兼职设计课程。我每周上两晚课。虽然很累，但它给了我活力、热情和快乐。）”可知，在参加了兼职设计课程后，作者感觉充满了活力、热情和快乐。故答案为She felt/was energetic, enthusiastic and happy./ She was filled with energy, enthusiasm and happiness.
24．考查细节理解。根据文章第三段关键句“One thing I had develped an interest in was sewing, s I tk a sewing curse at a cmmunity cllege.（我对缝纫产生了兴趣，所以我在一所社区大学上了缝纫课。）”，第四段关键句“As I dreamt bigger, I began lking int cllege curses fr Fashin Design and three mnths later I signed up fr a part-time design curse.（当我的梦想更大的时候，我开始研究时装设计的大学课程，三个月后我报名参加了一个兼职设计课程。）”和倒数第三段内容“I knew I needed t make a bigger change. After struggling fr quite a while, I made a difficult decisin—leaving my jb and studying my design curse full time. Tw years later I gt my diplma.（我知道我需要做出更大的改变。经过一段时间的挣扎，我做出了一个艰难的决定，离开我的工作，并全职学习我的设计课程。两年后我拿到了毕业证书。）”可知，作者为了恢复她有创造力的生活，她参加了一个缝纫班，并参加了一个兼职设计课程，辞去了工作，去上时装设计课，根据题目要求，从中选出两点事实即可，不超过15个词。故答案为She quit/quitted her jb and tk the fashin-design curse./ She attended a sewing class and tk a part-time design curse.
25．开放题。题目询问“你认为作者是你的榜样吗？请解释一下原因。”本题为开放性试题，根据自己的理解，言之有理，符合文章内容即可，不超过20个词，如果答案是肯定的，原因可以是“She has the curage t fllw her heart and d what she really likes.（她有勇气追随自己的心，做自己真正喜欢的事。）”；如果答案是否定的，原因可以是“I dn’t like changes and I want t live a secure life.（我不喜欢变化，我想过安全的生活。）”。故答案为Yes, (I d). She has the curage t fllw her heart and d what she really likes./ Yes, (I d). I’d like t live a creative life and make changes when necessary as she./ N, (I dn’t). I dn’t like changes and I want t live a secure life.
26．Receiving less attentin than smene else.
Or: Being/Feeling less successful than smene else.
Or: Being/Feeling neglected. 27．That his brther left fr cllege and he changed schls.
Or: Tysn’s leaving fr cllege and the authr’s ging t/attending a new schl. 28．Jining the Science Olympiad team.
Or: That he jined the Science Olympiad team.
Or: Discvering his true interests (in science). 29．(Hw) the authr discvered a brader definitin f “cl”.
Or: He has discvered his wn way t be cl.
Or: He fund his wn identity. 30．Playing ftball well is cl because I can shw hw strng I am.
Or: Playing the pian is cl because it can give me jy.
Or: Helping the pr is cl because it can give them hpe and bring me pleasure.