福建省莆田市第一中学高二下学期期中考试英语试题（解析版）-A4

这是一份福建省莆田市第一中学高二下学期期中考试英语试题（解析版）-A4，共22页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7等内容，欢迎下载使用。
满分：150分 考试时间：120分钟
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Hw will the speakers have their dinner?
A. By cking at hme. B. By ging t a restaurant. C. By getting fd delivered.
2. What des the man ask the wman t d?
A. Offer her pinins. B. Help him with a prject. C. Learn mre abut technlgy.
3. Where are the speakers?
A. In a classrm. B. In a restaurant. C. On a tennis curt.
4. What des the wman prefer as a birthday gift?
A. A hmemade cake. B. A beautiful dress. C. Planting sme trees.
5. Which piece f wrk is the wman's favrite?
A. The shes. B. The jacket. C. The skirt.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is the wman reprting?
A. A speeding car. B. A bag theft. C. Her missing sn.
7. Hw des the wman describe the persn?
A. He is tall and thin. B. He has black hair. C. He has an accent.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What's the prbable relatinship between the speakers?
A. C-wrkers. B. Manager and emplyee. C. Salespersn and custmer.
9. What des the man think f Jack?
A. Jack is patient with him.
B. Jack always feels wrried.
C. Jack gives him a lt f pressure.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What des the man say abut his part in the play?
A. His father is a pet.
B. He dreams f jining the army.
C. His dream is nt supprted by his father.
11. When des the cnversatin take place?
A. In January. B. In July. C. In December.
12. What will the speakers d tnight?
A. Fly t anther city. B. Practice fr the play. C. Pick up the man's father.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What is the man painting?
A. A real landscape. B. Imaginary scenery. C. A specific persn.
14. What des the man tell the wman t d first?
A. Place the painting tls crrectly.
B. Mix the ink with water.
C. Make herself relaxed.
15. What is the brush that the wman is using made f?
A. Rabbit hair. B. Sheep hair. C. Hrse hair.
16. Why des the wman get excited in the end?
A. She can help the man finish his painting.
B. She can take the man's painting hme.
C. She can learn sme painting skills.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. Hw many gals had Harry Kane scred fr his cuntry by August 2023?
A. 84. B. 58. C. 22.
18. Why is Harry Kane utstanding accrding t the speaker?
A. He has different skills.
B. He is pen t thers' pinins.
C. He always shares his wn experience.
19. What was Harry Kane like when he was a kid?
A. He was eager t becme a ftball player.
B. He was nt cnfident abut his abilities.
C. He was badly hurt in his byhd club.
20. What is the talk mainly abut?
A. Harry Kane's career as a ftballer.
B. Harry Kane's childhd experience.
C. Harry Kane's perfrmance in the Wrld Cup.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Fr the 150th anniversary f the first Impressinist exhibitin, the Musée d’Orsay, which huses the wrld’s largest cllectin f this current, is ffering a majr retrspective (回顾展) f this artistic trend with Paris 1874: Inventing Impressinism frm March 26 t July 14.
150 years ag, n April 15, 1874, in a luxurius phtgrapher Nadar’s studi in nrthern Paris, Berthe Mrist, Eduard Degas and Claude Mnet came tgether as a cperative limited cmpany t pen the first Impressinist exhibitin, a mvement that wuld frever change the curse f art histry.
The retrspective will take visitrs n a virtual tur t the very mment 150 years ag. During the 40-minute immersive (沉浸的) tur, visitrs will spend a virtual evening with the famus impressinists and travel by steam train t Bugival, west f Paris, where many f them wrked. Visitrs will then tur the main exhibitin, which pens int a gallery with Renir’s La Parisienne and La Danseuse that featured in the 1874 exhibitin, and ther impressinist paintings, drawings and sculptures.
“The immersive experience is unique and innvative. Yu can g int this exhibitin and relive the evening with the artists and discver the rigin f this mvement. We want t recreate the emtin fr visitrs f the 1874 exhibitin.” said Abastad, directr f digital develpment at the Musée d’Orsay.
Guidelines:
* The experience is suitable fr children f 11 y/ and abve; children under 8 y/ are prhibited.
* We remind yu that, in view f the technlgy used, virtual reality experiences are nt recmmended fr peple with balance r visin disrders.
* Walkers and mtrized wheelchairs are nt permitted in the space, but manual wheelchairs are accepted.
1. What’s the retrspective mainly aimed at?
A. Prtecting cultural diversity.B. Fueling peple’s lve fr art.
C. Shwing hnr t late artists.D. Marking the birth f a mvement.
2. What can be experienced during the virtual tur?
A. Painting a picture n the spt.B. Driving a steam train in persn.
C. Meeting famus impressinists.D. Staying vernight in the gallery.
3. Wh is the mst suitable t visit the exhibitin?
A. An eight-year-ld by.B. An adult with a walker.
C. A visually-challenged girl.D. A teenager in a manual wheelchair.
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文，主要介绍了Musée d’Orsay为了纪念第一次印象派展览150周年，举办了一场名为“Paris 1874: Inventing Impressinism”的回顾展。文章主要描述了展览的内容、形式以及参观指南。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“150 years ag, n April 15, 1874, in a luxurius phtgrapher Nadar’s studi in nrthern Paris, Berthe Mrist, Eduard Degas and Claude Mnet came tgether as a cperative limited cmpany t pen the first Impressinist exhibitin, a mvement that wuld frever change the curse f art histry.”（150年前，1874年4月15日，贝尔特·莫里索、爱德华·德加和克劳德·莫奈在巴黎北部豪华纳达尔摄影工作室联合开设了第一次印象派展览，这个运动永远改变了艺术历史的进程。）和第三段“The retrspective will take visitrs n a virtual tur t the very mment 150 years ag.”（这次回顾展将带领参观者进行一次虚拟之旅，回到150年前的那个时刻。）可知，这次回顾展的主要目的是纪念印象派运动的诞生，故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“During the 40-minute immersive (沉浸的) tur, visitrs will spend a virtual evening with the famus impressinists”（在这40分钟的沉浸式旅行中，游客将与著名的印象派画家共度一个虚拟的夜晚。）可知，参观者在虚拟旅行中可以体验到与著名的印象派画家相见，故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Walkers and mtrized wheelchairs are nt permitted in the space, but manual wheelchairs are accepted.”（步行者和电动轮椅在这个空间内是不被允许的，但是手动轮椅是可以接受的。）可知，适合参观这个展览的人是使用手动轮椅的人，故选D。
B
Years ag when I was starting t explre the wrld in earnest — making my first trips t Africa and Asia and the Arctic — I believed that lking at the wrld thrugh a camera held back my ability t see what was really in frnt f me and t ntice what mattered. I thught that trying t capture (捕获) gd pictures tk me ut f the mment and made me cnscius f cnstructing an image rather than absrbing what I was experiencing.
I’ve since changed my mind abut that. Tday I take plenty f phts, nt just n my travels but in the everyday life — when I ntice an interesting mushrm while walking the dg, r watch the clud frmatins befre a strm. I understand nw that taking pictures can be a way t stp and make better sense f the wrld arund us.
That’s ne imprtant utcme f the wrk that ur phenmenal phtgraphers d fr Natinal Gegraphic. And it’s why I’m s pleased that we have devted this mnth’s magazine t immersing yu in that wrk.
Of curse, these prfessinals have a much different relatinship with phtgraphy than I d. Their wrk is creatively, intellectually, and lgistically challenging in ways that mst f us hbbyist phtgraphers can hardly imagine. Fr them, it is an art and a science that they’ve perfected — a way t stp us in ur tracks and make us pay attentin t a stry that needs t be tld. At their best, phtgraphers reveal what isn’t readily seen.
In additin t impressive phts, we’re letting yu hear directly frm a handful f ur phtgraphers, wh share stries that take yu deeper int sme f their mst interesting prjects. Yu’ll learn the extreme lengths t which ur cntributrs have gne t capture sme f these shts, and get a clser lk at the equipment that makes it all pssible.
I hpe yu enjy the issue.
4. What was the authr’s initial belief abut taking phtgraphs?
A. It kept him frm fully enjying the present.B. It greatly enhanced his travel experiences.
C. It helped recrd unfrgettable memries.D. It indicated his reliance n the camera.
5. What is a key ability f prfessinal phtgraphers accrding t the authr?
A. Simplifying cmplex prcesses.B. Imagining tuching stries.
C. Dcumenting events accurately.D. Presenting unnticed scenes.
6. What des the magazine ffer besides phts?
A. A cntributin fr phtgraphers.B. A behind-the-scenes lk.
C. Phtgrapher training prjects.D. Publishers’ firsthand stries.
7. In which sectin f a magazine may this text appear?
A. Earth’s Artwrks.B. Arund the Wrld.C. Reader’s Letter.D. Frm the Editr.
【答案】4. A 5. D 6. B 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了作者对于拍照的态度转变以及摄影师的工作成果。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第一段“Years ag when I was starting t explre the wrld in earnest — making my first trips t Africa and Asia and the Arctic — I believed that lking at the wrld thrugh a camera held back my ability t see what was really in frnt f me and t ntice what mattered. I thught that trying t capture (捕获) gd pictures tk me ut f the mment and made me cnscius f cnstructing an image rather than absrbing what I was experiencing. (多年前，当我开始认真地探索这个世界——首次踏上非洲、亚洲和北极的旅程时——我认为，透过相机镜头看世界会阻碍我真正看到眼前的一切，让我错过那些真正重要的事情。我觉得，试图拍出好照片会让我无法沉浸于当下，让我一门心思地构造画面，而不是去体会我正在经历的一切。)”可知，作者最初认为拍照会阻碍自己真正看到眼前的东西，注意到重要的事情，让自己无法专注于正在经历的事情，而是专注于构图。因此，作者最初认为拍照会让自己无法充分享受当下。故选A。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第四段中“At their best, phtgraphers reveal what isn’t readily seen. (在他们状态最佳时，摄影师们能揭示那些不易察觉的东西。)”可知，作者认为摄影师的关键能力是展现那些不易被察觉的东西。故选D。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第五段中“In additin t impressive phts, we’re letting yu hear directly frm a handful f ur phtgraphers, wh share stries that take yu deeper int sme f their mst interesting prjects. (除了令人印象深刻的照片，我们还让大家直接听到我们几位摄影师的声音，他们分享的故事将带你深入了解他们一些最有趣的项目。)”可知，杂志还会提供幕后花絮。故选B。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。由文章最后一段“I hpe yu enjy the issue. (我希望你会喜欢这一期杂志。)”可知，作者希望读者喜欢本期杂志，可推知本文是编辑写给读者的话，可能出现在杂志的“Frm the Editr (来自编辑)”一栏。故选D。
C
Sme peple tday might be early risers because f DNA they take after Neanderthals tens f thusands f years ag, suggests new research.
When early humans migrated frm Africa t Eurasia rughly 70,000 years ag, sme f them mated with Neanderthals, wh had already adapted t the clder, darker climates f the nrth. The ripple (涟漪) effects f that intermating still exist tday: Mdern humans f nn-African ancestry (血统) have between 1 and 4 percent Neanderthal DNA. Sme f that DNA relates t sleep mre specifically, the internal bdy clck knwn as the circadian rhythm.
Fr the new study, researchers cmpared DNA frm tday’s humans and DNA frm Neanderthal fssils (化石). In bth grups, they fund sme f the same genetic variants invlved with the circadian rhythm. And they fund that mdern humans wh carry these variants als reprted being early risers.
Fr Neanderthals, being “mrning peple” might nt have been the real benefit f carrying these genes. Instead, scientists suggest, Neanderthals’ DNA gave them faster, mre flexible internal bdy clcks, which allwed them t adjust mre easily t annual changes in daylight. This cnnectin makes sense in the cntext f human histry. When early humans mved nrth ut f Africa, they wuld have experienced variable daylight hurs — shrter days in the winter and lnger days in the summer fr the first time. The Neanderthals’ circadian rhythm genes likely helped early humans’ ffspring (后代) adapt t this new envirnment.
Ntably, the findings d nt prve that Neanderthal genes are respnsible fr the sleep habits f all early risers. Lts f different factrs beynd genetics can cntribute, including scial and envirnmental influences. The study als nly included DNA frm a database called the U.K. Bibank—s the findings may nt necessarily apply t all mdern humans. Next, the research team hpes t study ther genetic databases t see if the same link hlds true fr peple f ther ancestries. If the findings d apply mre bradly, they may ne day be useful fr imprving sleep in the mdern wrld, where circadian rhythms are disturbed by night shifts and glwing smartphnes.
8. What des the new research fcus n?
A. DNA’s dramatic changes.B. Genes’ influence n early risers.
C. Neanderthals’ sleeping patterns.D. Ancestrs’ envirnmental adaptability.
9. What is paragraph 2 intended t shw cncerning the new research?
A. Histrical cntext.B. Additinal prf.
C. Sample analysis.D. Studying prcess.
10. What is the real benefit f carrying Neanderthal’s DNA fr mdern humans?
A. Getting up earlier.B. Having healthier daily rutines.
C. Being mre flexible in their wrk.D. Pssessing a better circadian rhythm.
11. What can be inferred abut the findings frm the last paragraph?
A. They get prf frm ther studies.B. They are cnfirmed by early risers.
C. They suggest ptential applicatins.D. They reveal factrs in sleeping disrders.
【答案】8. B 9. A 10. D 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是一项新的研究表明，今天有些人之所以早起，可能是因为他们遗传了数万年前Neanderthal人的DNA。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Sme peple tday might be early risers because f DNA they take after Neanderthals tens f thusands f years ag, suggests new research.(一项新的研究表明，今天有些人之所以早起，可能是因为他们遗传了数万年前Neanderthal人的DNA。)”可知，这项新研究的重点是基因对早起者的影响。故选B。
【9题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“When early humans migrated frm Africa t Eurasia rughly 70,000 years ag, sme f them mated with Neanderthals, wh had already adapted t the clder, darker climates f the nrth. The ripple (涟漪) effects f that intermating still exist tday: Mdern humans f nn- African ancestry (血统) have between 1 and 4 percent Neanderthal DNA.(大约7万年前，当早期人类从非洲迁移到欧亚大陆时，他们中的一些人与Neanderthal交配，后者已经适应了北方更寒冷、更黑暗的气候。这种通婚的连锁反应至今仍然存在：非洲血统的现代人类有1%到4%的Neanderthal人DNA。)”可知，第二段要说明的是这项研究的历史背景，故选A。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Instead, scientists suggest, Neanderthals’ DNA gave them faster, mre flexible internal bdy clcks, which allwed them t adjust mre easily t annual changes in daylight.(相反，科学家们认为，Neanderthal人的DNA赋予了他们更快、更灵活的内部生物钟，这使他们更容易适应每年的日光变化。)”可知，携带Neanderthal人DNA对现代人的真正好处是拥有更好的昼夜节律。故选D。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“If the findings d apply mre bradly, they may ne day be useful fr imprving sleep in the mdern wrld, where circadian rhythms are disturbed by night shifts and glwing smartphnes.(如果这些发现确实适用于更广泛的领域，它们可能有一天会对改善现代社会的睡眠有用，因为昼夜节律受到夜班和发光的智能手机的干扰。)”可知，这些发现暗示了潜在的应用。故选C。
D
We learn abut the wrld thrugh the knwledge accumulated ver thusands f years. standing n the shulders f great men, we dn’t have t experience endless trial and errr, just as the wheels d nt have t be reinvented each time t run a car. But where des ur ability t learn frm thers cme frm?
A study led by Markus Paulus, prfessr at Lyla Marymunt University, shws that the ability has its rts in earliest childhd. “It’s generally assumed that children’s ability t imitate (模仿) is inbrn, but accrding t ur bservatin, children imitate because they themselves are imitated by caregivers. This interactin enables a cultural transfer f knwledge, which, thrugh generatins’ effrts, cnsequently leads t the develpment f human beings,” says Markus Paulus.
In this research, Paulus recrded the interactin between mther and child ver several mnths. The babies came int the lab fr the first time at the age f6 mnths , while their final visit was when they were18 mnths ld. As they engaged in varius play situatins , the interactins and imitatins f mther and child were analyzed. The lng-term study shwed that the mre sensitive a mther was in her interactins with her six- mnth-ld child and the mre ften she imitated the baby, the greater the child’s verall ability was at the age f18 mnths.
Paulus’ research shws that mutual imitatin is the keystne f knwledge transfer , thrugh which children successfully learn varius skills, such as hw t use bjects , waving and acquisitin f language. “This interactin is the nucleus f learning and, finally, gives rise t evlutinary success f human,” says Paulus.
“Cultural learning is an essential part f human evlutin, and it is rted in the imitatin f thers, particularly ur caregivers during ur earliest childhd,” says Paulus. “Thrugh this, we learn frm each ther and pass n knwledge t the next generatin, s certain actins r techniques d nt have t be cnstantly invented again. ”
12. Why des the authr mentin the example f wheels?
A. T praise the inventin f car wheels.B. T describe the prcess f trial and errr.
C T emphasize the necessity f new tls.D. T shw the imprtance f prir knwledge.
13. What can we learn abut Paulus’ research?
A. Children’s imitatin was recrded by mthers.
B. Sensitive mthers encuraged children’s imitatin.
C. Children’s ability was analyzed thrugh interactin.
D. Effective interactin prmted children’s develpment.
14. What des the underlined wrd “nucleus” mean in paragraph 4?
A. Cre.B. Result.C. Aim.D. Cntent.
15. Which f the fllwing can be the best title fr the text?
A. Why des Evlutin Matter?B. Hw t Interact with Children?
C. Imitatin: The Engine f EvlutinD. Cultural Learning: The Rt f Imitatin
【答案】12. D 13. D 14. A 15. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了模仿对于人际互动，学习和人类文明演进的重要性。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“We learn abut the wrld thrugh the knwledge accumulated ver thusands f years. standing n the shulders f great men, we dn’t have t experience endless trial and errr, just as the wheels d nt have t be reinvented each time t run a car. But where des ur ability t learn frm thers cme frm?(我们通过几千年积累的知识来了解世界。站在伟人的肩膀上，我们不必经历无尽的尝试和错误，就像汽车的轮子不必每次都重新发明一样。但是我们向别人学习的能力从何而来呢？)”和第二段“It’s generally assumed that children’s ability t imitate (模仿) is inbrn, but accrding t ur bservatin, children imitate because they themselves are imitated by caregivers. This interactin enables a cultural transfer f knwledge, which, thrugh generatins’ effrts, cnsequently leads t the develpment f human beings(人们通常认为孩子的模仿能力是天生的，但根据我们的观察，孩子模仿是因为他们自己被照顾者模仿。这种相互作用使知识的文化转移成为可能，通过几代人的努力，知识的文化转移最终导致了人类的发展)”可推知，作者提到轮子的例子是为了强调先前知识的重要性。正是站在巨人的肩膀上，我们不必再重新进行研究和试验。故选D。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“The lng-term study shwed that the mre sensitive a mther was in her interactins with her six- mnth-ld child and the mre ften she imitated the baby, the greater the child’s verall ability was at the age f18 mnths.(这项长期研究表明，母亲在与6个月大的孩子互动时越敏感，她模仿孩子的次数越多，孩子在18个月大时的整体能力就越强)”可知，Paulus的研究表明，妈妈越频繁地模仿孩子，孩子的发育水平越好。因此可知，有效的互动促进了孩子们的发展。故选D。
【14题详解】
词义猜测题。根据划线词下文“f learning and, finally, gives rise t evlutinary success f human”可知，这种相互作用最终导致了人类进化的成功，说明是学习的核心，故划线词意思是“核心”。故选A。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段““Cultural learning is an essential part f human evlutin, and it is rted in the imitatin f thers, particularly ur caregivers during ur earliest childhd,” says Paulus. “Thrugh this, we learn frm each ther and pass n knwledge t the next generatin, s certain actins r techniques d nt have t be cnstantly invented again.”(“文化学习是人类进化的重要组成部分，它植根于对他人的模仿，尤其是我们童年早期的照顾者，”保卢斯说。“通过这种方式，我们相互学习，并将知识传授给下一代，因此某些动作或技术不必不断地重新发明。”)”结合文章主要讲述了模仿在人类进化中的重要性，强调了模仿对于人类进化的推动作用。因此，最佳标题应该是“模仿：进化的引擎”。故选C。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
It’s a familiar picture fr many f us: After a lng day at wrk, we find urselves glued t the sfa, phne in hand, maybe even fr hurs at a time. What starts as a way t mentally unwind r catch up n the news quickly becmes hurs spent “dmscrlling” — the act f spending an excessive amunt f time n scial media scrlling (滚屏) thrugh verwhelmingly negative cntent. ___16___
While it might feel like dmscrlling helps us stay infrmed, research finds this habit can result in lwer mental well-being and prer life satisfactin. ___17___ One way peple have successfully replaced time n their phnes is with a hbby that encurages mindfulness, meaning fcusing ur attentin n the present mment and experiencing ur thughts and feelings withut judgment. Here are sme ways mindful hbbies can help us break ur dmscrlling habit.
They hld psitive attentin. When we’re fcused n a craft, ur hands are busy. ___18___ Creative hbbies that require attentin, such as clring, can als act as a “flw activity”, where we feel fully engaged in what we’ re ding, thus lsing hurs dmscrlling.
___19___ Dmscrlling can leave peple feeling a lss f cntrl, but mindful hbbies prvide a sense f cntrl alng with amazing results, like a clrful drawing. Accmplishing smething is cnsidered ne f the cre ingredients f psychlgical well-being.
They ffer a sense f belnging. By engaging in a new hbby, we als jin a cmmunity f peple with similar interests. ___20___ And this sense f belnging is linked t better well-being.
A. A fear f missing ut is what drives many t cntinue their repetitive scrll.
B. The gd news is that there are many ways t break this bad habit.
C. Cnsequently, we’ll be t engaged t reach fr ur phnes.
D. This pens us up t mre psitive scial interactins.
E. We engage in an activity with ur full attentin.
F. They prvide a sense f achievement.
G. They can calm peple dwn.
【答案】16. A 17. B 18. C 19. F 20. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了用爱好取代刷屏的好处。
【16题详解】
由上文“What starts as a way t mentally unwind r catch up n the news quickly becmes hurs spent “dmscrlling” — the act f spending an excessive amunt f time n scial media scrlling (滚屏) thrugh verwhelmingly negative cntent. (一开始作为一种让精神放松或了解新闻的方式，很快就变成了数小时的“末日刷屏”—— 即在社交媒体上花费过多时间滚屏浏览铺天盖地的负面内容)”可知，上文描述了“末日刷屏”这种现象，A选项“A fear f missing ut is what drives many t cntinue their repetitive scrll. (害怕错过是驱使许多人继续重复滚动的原因。)”介绍出现“末日刷屏”这种现象的原因，承接上文，符合语境。故选A。
【17题详解】
由上文“While it might feel like dmscrlling helps us stay infrmed, research finds this habit can result in lwer mental well-being and prer life satisfactin. (虽然感觉“末日刷屏”能让我们保持消息灵通，但研究发现这种习惯会导致心理健康水平下降和生活满意度降低)”及下文“One way peple have successfully replaced time n their phnes is with a hbby that encurages mindfulness, meaning fcusing ur attentin n the present mment and experiencing ur thughts and feelings withut judgment. (人们成功地替代手机时间的一种方法是培养一种鼓励正念的爱好，也就是将我们的注意力集中在当下，不加评判地体验我们的想法和感受)”可知，上文强调了“末日刷屏”的坏处，下文提出了打破这种习惯的一种方法，空处应起到过渡作用，表明有打破这种习惯的方法。B选项“The gd news is that there are many ways t break this bad habit. (好消息是有很多方法可以打破这个坏习惯。)”起到进一步的承接和过渡作用，强调可以打破这种不良习惯的积极信息，符合上下文语境。故选B。
【18题详解】
由上文“When we’re fcused n a craft, ur hands are busy. (当我们专注于一门手艺时，我们的手就会很忙)”及下文“Creative hbbies that require attentin, such as clring, can als act as a “flw activity”, where we feel fully engaged in what we’ re ding, thus lsing hurs dmscrlling. (需要注意力的创造性爱好，比如涂色，也可以作为一种“心流活动”，在这种活动中我们会全身心地投入到正在做的事情中，从而不会花几个小时去“末日刷屏”)”可知，上文说专注于手艺时手会忙，下文说专注于创造性爱好能让我们全身心投入从而避免“末日刷屏”，空处应承接上文，说明专注于手艺时的结果是不会去碰手机。C选项“Cnsequently, we’ll be t engaged t reach fr ur phnes. (因此，我们会太投入而不会去拿手机。)” 中engaged与上文fcused n a craft相呼应，选项中t engaged t reach fr ur phnes说明了不会去“末日刷屏”的结果，符合语境。故选C。
【19题详解】
由下文“Dmscrlling can leave peple feeling a lss f cntrl, but mindful hbbies prvide a sense f cntrl alng with amazing results, like a clrful drawing. Accmplishing smething is cnsidered ne f the cre ingredients f psychlgical well-being. (“末日刷屏”会让人感觉失去控制，但正念爱好能提供一种控制感，以及惊人的成果，比如一幅色彩丰富的画作。完成某件事被认为是心理健康的核心要素之一)”可知，下文主要讲述了正念爱好能带来控制感和完成事情的成就感，这对心理健康有益，空处应是该段的主题句，应能概括这一内容。F选项“They prvide a sense f achievement. (它们提供一种成就感。)”中prvide a sense f achievement与下文相呼应，能很好地概括该段内容，适合作为段落主题句。故选F。
【20题详解】
由上文“By engaging in a new hbby, we als jin a cmmunity f peple with similar interests. (通过参与一项新的爱好，我们也加入了一个有相似兴趣的人的群体)” 及下文“And this sense f belnging is linked t better well-being. (而这种归属感与更好的幸福感相关联)”可知，上文说参与新爱好能加入有相似兴趣的群体，下文说这种归属感与幸福感有关，空处应承接上文，说明加入这个群体带来的积极影响。D选项“This pens us up t mre psitive scial interactins. (这使我们能够进行更多积极的社交互动。)”中pens us up t mre psitive scial interactins与上文jin a cmmunity f peple with similar interests相呼应，进一步说明了加入群体的好处，也为下文的sense f belnging做了铺垫，符合语境。故选D。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Caring 17-year-ld, Lauren Schreder, was inspired t help bring healthy fd t needy families in her cmmunity. When she was just 14, she vlunteered at a lcal ____21____ t help fill bxes fr peple in need with canned and packaged fd. She felt smething was missing: fresh vegetables. “I thught it wuld be great t ____22____ that,” Lauren tld the Washingtn Pst abut her mtivatin t grw and ____23____ hmegrwn prduce.
This ____24____ teen then tld her parents f her desire t start a garden n their family farm. Initially, while prud f her daughter’s ____25____, Lauren’s mther, Katie, admitted t sme ____26____, wndering hw much wrk this wuld mean.
Cming frm a farming family, Lauren had sme ____27____ with agriculture, but she had never tried grwing ____28____ at scale (规模). She ____29____ plants nline, checking the instructins n hw t take care f each crp. She then secured a _____30_____ frm the Natinal FFA Organizatin, which supprts _____31_____ educatin, t cver seeds (种子) and gardening supplies.
And imprtantly, Lauren didn’t _____32_____ frm hard wrk. During Iwa’s ht and dry summers, she had t _____33_____ her crps fr arund three hur daily. She als _____34_____ cheeked fr harmful insects, and bent dwn t pick her green bean crp, the mst challenging vegetable t harvest in her pinin.
With assistance frm her family, Lauren has dnated mre than 7,000 punds f hmegrwn prduce in the past tw years. She has als wn the _____35_____ f her cmmunity.
21 A. factryB. schlC. shelterD. shp
22. A. examineB. tlerateC. discverD. change
23. A. dnateB. prmteC. purchaseD. prcess
24. A. hney-muthedB. kind-heartedC. gd-manneredD. pen-minded
25. A. reputatinB. hbbyC. visinD. agenda
26. A. mistakesB. truthsC. regretsD. cncerns
27. A. familiarityB. difficultyC. dubtD. patience
28. A. fruitsB. vegetablesC. grainsD. trees
29. A. mentinedB. sharedC. rankedD. researched
30. A. titleB. placeC. fundD. plan
31. A. agriculturalB. culturalC. envirnmentalD. special
32. A. fall ffB. set apartC. shy awayD. g back
33. A. gatherB. waterC. bserveD. plant
34. A. frequentlyB. impatientlyC. ccasinallyD. leisurely
35. A. interestB. admiratinC. welfareD. cmpetitin
【答案】21. C 22. D 23. A 24. B 25. C 26. D 27. A 28. B 29. D 30. C 31. A 32. C 33. B 34. A 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个17岁的女孩Lauren Schreder如何受到启发，决定帮助她所在社区的需要帮助的家庭获得健康食品的故事。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当她14岁的时候，她在当地的一个收容所做志愿者，帮助有需要的人装满罐装和包装食品。A. factry工厂；B. schl学校；C. shelter收容所；D. shp商店。根据上文的“she vlunteered”以及空后的“help fill bxes fr peple in need with canned and packaged fd.”可推测，Lauren是在当地收容所做志愿者。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Lauren在接受《华盛顿邮报》采访时谈到了她种植和捐赠本土农产品的动机，她说：“我认为改变这种状况会很好。”A. examine检查；B. tlerate忍受；C. discver发现；D. change改变。根据上文“She felt smething was missing: fresh vegetables.”可知，Lauren觉得食品中缺少蔬菜。而根据段首句“Caring 17-year-ld, Lauren Schreder, was inspired t help bring healthy fd t needy families in her cmmunity.”可知，她想改变这一状况。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Lauren在接受《华盛顿邮报》采访时谈到了她种植和捐赠本土农产品的动机，她说：“我认为改变这种状况会很好。”A. dnate捐赠；B. prmte提升、促进；C. purchase购买；D. prcess加工、处理。根据最后一段“With assistance frm her family, Lauren has dnated mre than 7,000 punds f hmegrwn prduce in the past tw years.”可知，Lauren种植蔬菜的目的是为了捐赠给当地有需要的人家。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个善良的少女告诉她的父母，她想在他们家的农场上开一个菜园。A. hney-muthed甜言蜜语的；B. kind-hearted热心肠的；C. gd-mannered有礼貌的；D. pen-minded思想开明的。根据上文“Caring 17-year-ld, Lauren Schreder, was inspired t help bring healthy fd t needy families in her cmmunity.”以及“Lauren tld the Washingtn Pst abut her mtivatin t grw and ____3____ hmegrwn prduce.”可知，Lauren是个热心肠的、善良的女孩。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：起初，虽然Lauren的母亲Katie为女儿的想法感到骄傲，但她承认自己有些担心，不知道这意味着要做多少工作。A. reputatin名声；B. hbby爱好；C. visin视觉、想法；D. agenda日程。根据上文“This ____4____ teen then tld her parents f her desire t start a garden n their family farm.”可知，Lauren将自己的想法告知了父母，由此可知，她的妈妈是为自己女儿的想法感到骄傲。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：起初，虽然Lauren的母亲Katie为女儿的想法感到骄傲，但她承认自己有些担心，不知道这意味着要做多少工作。A. mistakes错误；B. truths事实；C. regrets遗憾；D. cncerns担忧。根据空后的“wndering hw much wrk this wuld mean.”可知，Katie对女儿的想法也感到担心，因为她不知道这意味着要做多少工作。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Lauren来自一个农民家庭，对农业有所了解，但她从未尝试过大规模种植蔬菜。A. familiarity熟悉；B. difficulty困难；C. dubt怀疑；D. patience耐心。根据空前的“Cming frm a farming family”可知，Lauren来自农民家庭，由此可知，她对农业还是有点熟悉的。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Lauren来自一个农民家庭，对农业有所了解，但她从未尝试过大规模种植蔬菜。A. fruits水果；B. vegetables蔬菜；C. grains谷物；D. trees树木。根据上文可知，Lauren对农业有所了解；而根据下文内容可知，她还得去网上寻求帮助，查看如何照顾农作物，由此可判断，Lauren并未大规模种植过蔬菜。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她在网上研究植物，查看如何照顾每种作物的说明。A. mentined提及；B. shared分享；C. ranked排名；D. researched研究。根据空后的“checking the instructins n hw t take care f each crp”可推测，她是在网上研究如何种植农作物。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：随后，她从支持农业教育的全国农艺协会组织(Natinal FFA Organizatin)获得了一笔资金，用于购买种子和园艺用品。A. title标题；B. place地点；C. fund资金；D. plan计划。根据下文的“t cver seeds (种子) and gardening supplies”可知，她从该组织获得资金，用来购买种子和园艺用品。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随后，她从支持农业教育的全国农艺协会组织(Natinal FFA Organizatin)获得了一笔资金，用于购买种子和园艺用品。A. agricultural农业的；B. cultural文化的；C. envirnmental环境的；D. special特别的。根据上文的“the Natinal FFA Organizatin”以及空后的“t cver seeds (种子) and gardening supplies”可判断，该组织支持农业教育。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：更重要的是，Lauren从不回避艰苦的工作。A. fall ff下降；B. set apart分开；C. shy away逃避；D. g back返回。根据下文内容“During Iwa’s ht and dry summers, she had t ____13____ her crps fr arund three hurs daily. She als ____14____ cheeked fr harmful insects, and bent dwn t pick her green bean crp, the mst challenging vegetable t harvest in her pinin.”可知，Lauren凡事都亲力亲为，由此可知，她从未回避艰苦的工作。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在爱荷华州炎热干燥的夏季，她不得不每天给庄稼浇水大约三个小时。A. gather聚集；B. water浇水；C. bserve观察；D. plant种植。根据空前的“During Iwa’s ht and dry summers”以及常识可知，在炎热干燥的夏季，她需要给庄稼浇水。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：她还经常检查有害昆虫，弯腰采摘她的绿豆作物，在她看来，这是最具挑战性的蔬菜。A. frequently频繁地；B. impatiently不耐烦地；C. ccasinally偶尔；D. leisurely悠闲地。根据下文“the mst challenging vegetable t harvest in her pinin.”可知，这项工作最具有挑战性，由此可知，她需要频繁地检查有害昆虫，采摘绿豆作物。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她也赢得了社区的钦佩。A. interest兴趣；B. admiratin钦佩；C. welfare福利；D. cmpetitin竞争。根据空前的“With assistance frm her family, Lauren has dnated mre than 7,000 punds f hmegrwn prduce in the past tw years.”以及全文内容可知，她的善举应该是赢得了社区人们的钦佩。故选B。
第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Huangshan-based lacquerware artisan Gan Erke has devted his life t reviving (复兴) ancient lacquer techniques. His jurney began at a lcal arts and crafts factry, ____36____ he nticed a gap between traditinal Chinese lacquerware and mdern glbal standards. This led him t revive the nearly lst rhincers leather (xi pi) lacquer technique, ____37____ (inspire) by a brief descriptin in a Ming Dynasty text. After ____38____ (year) f experimentatin, he successfully recreated and enhanced the technique by adding gld and increasing layers (层) frm six t up t 102, ____39____ (achieve)greater depth and mvement.
One f his____40____ (influence) wrks is a rund bx with cmplex rhincers leather patterns. The surface is plished t____41____ mirrr-like finish, reflecting light beautifully. Anther example is a tea cntainer, t which Gan applied the same high standards, ensuring perfect plish bth inside and ut. Each piece takes ver a year ____42____ (cmplete), as Gan aims fr perfectin.
Gan’s wrks have earned ____43____ (recgnize) at hme and abrad. In 2011, ne f his rhincers leather lacquered rund bxes ____44____ (add) t the permanent cllectin at Beijing’s Palace Museum. Majr museums ____45____ the British Museum and the Metrplitan Museum f Art in the US have als acquired his pieces.
【答案】36. where
37. inspired
38. years 39. achieving
40. influential
41. a 42. t cmplete
43. recgnitin
44. was added
45. like
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了黄山漆器工匠甘而可毕生致力于复兴古代漆艺。他从明代文献中获得灵感，成功复兴了濒临失传的犀皮漆工艺，并通过增加金粉和漆层数量（从6层到102层）提升了工艺水平。
【36题详解】
考查连词。句意：他的旅途始于当地工艺美术厂，在那里他注意到中国传统漆器与现代国际标准之间的差距。此处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词factry，且关系词在从句中作状语，应用where引导定语从句。故填where。
37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这促使他复兴了近乎失传的犀皮漆工艺，这项工艺是受到明代文献中简短描述的启发。此处需用非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰lacquer technique，且动词inspire和lacquer technique是被动关系，应用过去分词作后置定语。故填inspired。
【38题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：经过多年实验后，他成功复原并改进了这项工艺。year为可数名词，前面无冠词，需用复数形式表示泛指。故填years。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：他将漆层从6层增加到最多102层，达到了更好的立体感和动态效果。此处需用非谓语动词作状语，此处表示自然而然的结果，应用现在分词作结果状语，表示主动关系。故填achieving。
【40题详解】
考查形容词。句意：他具影响力的作品之一是一个带有复杂犀皮纹的圆盒。此处需用形容词作定语修饰名词wrks。故填influential。
【41题详解】
考查冠词。句意：表面被抛光至镜面般的光洁度，能美丽地反射光线。此处泛指一个镜面般的效果，需用不定冠词修饰，且mirrr-like发音是以辅音音素开头。故填a。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：每件作品都需要一年多时间来完成，因为甘尔力求完美。sth. take+时间+t d sth.固定句型，意为“做某事花费多长时间”，故填t cmplete。
【43题详解】
考查名词。句意：甘尔可的作品在国内外都获得了认可。earn后需接名词recgnitin作宾语，且为不可数名词。故填recgnitin。
【44题详解】
考查动词时态语态。句意：2011年，他的一件犀皮漆圆盒被列入北京故宫博物院的永久收藏。此处描述过去发生的被动动作，且主语和动词add是被动关系，需用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是单数。故填was added。
【45题详解】
考查介词。句意：包括大英博物馆和美国大都会艺术博物馆在内的主要博物馆也都收藏了他的作品。此处需用介词like表示列举关系。故填like。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 5月18日为国际博物馆日，学校英文报正在开展以The Pwer f Museums为题的讨论。请使用图表中的调查结果写一篇短文投稿。内容包括：
1.描述图表信息；
2.简析该现象产生的原因（展览丰富、互动性强、丰富生活）；
3.号召大家走进博物馆。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。
The Pwer f Museums
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【答案】
The Pwer f Museums
As shwn in the chart, we can see that there has been an increasing number f peple visiting museums in the last decade.
It is wrth analyzing the phenmenn that museum attendance has dubled. T begin with, museums, as ne f the main appraches t preserve cllectins ranging frm antiques t mdern artifacts, dcument scial transfrmatin f scial life and narrate thse stries withut wrds. Secndly, diverse as its exhibitins wuld be, museums cater t peple frm almst all walks f life and ages, allwing visitrs t find displays that align with their interests. Additinally, visiting museums and engaging in their exhibitins nt nly can peple’s lives be enriched, but als braden their knwledge and perspectives.
As far as I am cncerned, museums play a crucial rle in ur sciety, and it’s high time we made visiting them a part f ur leisure activities.
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生使用图表中学校英文报开展的以The Pwer f Museums为题的讨论的调查结果，写一篇短文投稿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
增加的：increasing→grwing
首先：t begin with→first f all
另外：additinally→besides
至关重要的：crucial→vital
2.句式拓展
同义句替换
原句：As far as I am cncerned, museums play a crucial rle in ur sciety, and it’s high time we made visiting them a part f ur leisure activities.
拓展句：As far as I am cncerned, museums play a crucial rle in ur sciety, and it’s high time fr us t make visiting them a part f ur leisure activities.
【点睛】【高分句型1】As shwn in the chart, we can see that there has been an increasing number f peple visiting museums in the last decade. (运用了as引导的非限制性定语从句、that引导的宾语从句及非谓语动词作定语)
【高分句型2】It is wrth analyzing the phenmenn that museum attendance has dubled. (运用了that引导的同位语从句)
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was ne f thse freezing nights we gt here in Minnesta in the middle f winter. The dampness in the air gt trapped and a curtain f fg sank all arund, mixing with the snw n the grund and the strng snw falling frm the sky t white ut everything. Nrmally I wuldn’t drive in that kind f weather, but I’d been at a Tupperware party all evening, and I was s exhausted. The desire t be in the cmfrt f my wn hme beat my better judgment. Hwever never had I imagined my little act culd save my life n such a night.
I was nly n the rad fr a minute befre I regretted my decisin nt t stay put. The winding cuntry rad was ttally deserted. My car’s headlights culd barely cut thrugh the heavy fg. The snw was getting heavier. A lt heavier. Everything beynd a few feet in frnt f me was a mystery. I drve slwly. I wasn’t quite sure where I was, thugh I knew there were railways specifically built fr freight (货运) trains in this area. But in such weather, it was impssible t spt the tracks r any signs f an appraching train.
Trembling with cld, I turned up the heat. The lud blwers did their wrk, sheltering me frm the bitter cld and the sund utside. Seemingly, everything went smthly as I inched frward.
All at nce, my headlights shne n a small animal in frnt f me, right at the farthest pint they culd reach. I hit the brakes-tires screeched (发嘎吱声) against the snw as the car was cming t a stp. When the wrld stpped spinning, taking a clser lk, I fund it was a brwn rabbit, its fur cvered with ice crystals in the headlights. I tapped the hrn, n respnse. I tried again, yet the little creature remained rted-it appeared unwilling t get ut f the way. Curiusly, I gt ut f the car and made my way tward it.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。
Getting near, I fund its leg stuck in a trap.
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Just as I was freeing the rabbit frm the trap, a train whshed(呼啸)by.
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【答案】One pssible versin:
Getting near, I fund its leg stuck in a trap. Its eyes lcked nt mine—wide and desperate, and its nse twitched in panic, as if begging fr help. Despite the freezing wind biting thrugh my cat, I knelt dwn. “Hld n,” I whispered, trying t lsen the trap with numb fingers. The little creature stpped struggling, staring at me with a mix f fear and hpe. My glves were already wet, but I ignred. I determined t save this little life, frgetting abut everything arund.
Just as I was freeing the rabbit frm the trap, a train whshed (呼啸) by. The fg swirled, and the train’s dark shape with faint light was briefly visible befre disappearing int the heavy fg, leaving nly the steam behind. In that split secnd, I realized: had I nt stpped fr the rabbit, my car wuld have been n thse hidden tracks. My heart punded vilently. After pulling myself tgether, I finally lsened the trap and the rabbit hpped away. This encunter became a cnstant reminder that in a wrld with uncertainties, kindness has its wn reward.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者在一个寒冷、多雾且大雪纷飞的夜晚开车回家，在行驶过程中，由于大雪和浓雾，道路能见度极低，作者行驶得十分缓慢且不确定自己的位置。当作者的车灯照到前方一只被冰雪覆盖的棕色兔子时，作者紧急刹车。尽管按喇叭示意，兔子却没有移动。出于好奇，作者下车走向兔子。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“走近时，我发现它的腿卡在陷阱里了。”可知，第一段可描写作者发现兔子被困并试图解救它的情景。
②由第二段首句内容“正当我把兔子从陷阱里解救出来时，一列火车呼啸而过。”可知，第二段可描写作者在解救兔子时遇到火车的惊险经历，以及这一经历带给他的深刻感悟和认识。
2.续写线索：兔子似乎在乞求帮助——作者开始帮助兔子——作者下定决心救兔子——火车消失——作者意识到自己差点被火车撞——救出兔子——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①乞求：beg/implre
②救：save/rescue
③跳走：hp away/jump away
情绪类
①绝望：desperate/despairing
②害怕：fear/fright
【点睛】[高分句型1] Its eyes lcked nt mine—wide and desperate, and its nse twitched in panic, as if begging fr help. (由as if引导的方式状语从句和省略)
[高分句型2] This encunter became a cnstant reminder that in a wrld with uncertainties, kindness has its wn reward. (由that引导的同位语从句)