高考英语二轮讲义-完形填空之记叙文（解析版）

这是一份高考英语二轮讲义-完形填空之记叙文（解析版），共22页。

记叙文体的完形填空，常见主题语境为“人与自我”和“人与社会”,其中后者居多。文章多通过故事展示师生、陌生人及家庭成员等关系中的闪光点,故事主线与情感主线并行。考查的词类以动词、名词、形容词、副词等实词为主,介词(短语)偶有涉及。设题侧重对语篇的整体考查,对词汇的考查都是建立在语篇理解的基础上进行的,基本不涉及对语法的考查。
从叙事方式来看，故事内容基本都遵循“起—承—转—合”的常见记叙文写作思路。从正负态度来解释，则可分为两种模式：一种为“负—正”，即故事开始就是“坏事”，后来转变为“好事”；另一种是“正—负—正”，即文章开始平静祥和，中间经历挫折、困难，最终迎来光明美好的结局。两种模式的共同点在于，无论故事如何开篇，过程都会经历曲折，结尾必然收获美好、充满希望。
夹叙夹议类的文章通常是采用叙议结合的写作方法，文章先进行叙述，然后再在段落的结尾或文章的末尾展开议论，说明故事所包含的哲理或总结出作者的观点。阅读此类文章时，考生要重点关注议论的部分，从而总结出文章的主旨。
基本模式是：叙述事件—抒发感悟—作出结论。
总之，完形填空的选材基本都是积极向上、引人向善的文章。了解这些有助于考生理解文章内容、把握主人公情感走向，进而帮助解题。
一．解题步骤
1.读首句--了解文章的主要人物、时间和事件等。
2.文章梳理：故事情节+情感变化+语篇主题+文本结构
阅读注意点：词汇衔接，逻辑衔接，语境暗示，情感态度变化，背景知识
答题注意点：1.预测、推断并选择答案
2.标记不确定答案的题
3.验证答案，必要时修改答案
4.验证并修改第一轮不确定的答案
二．解题技巧
1. 利用关联词汇2. 活用逻辑推断
3. 巧用语境提示4. 偶用背景知识
5. 借用情感态度6. 运用固定搭配
一.运用词汇衔接或者照应技巧,注意原词、近义词、同义词或者上下义词的复现
例1(2022北京)
That cld Mnday mrning, he waited a lng, lng while fr adults t 9.shw up. T a child, every minute feels like frever. He didn't attempt t walk back hme; he waited and trusted. This five-year-ld taught me a pwerful lessn in 10 .
10. A. gratitude B. frgiveness
C. faith D. kindness
答案 C
解析 前一句中的trusted与faith(相信;信任)是同义词,故选C。gratitude感激;frgiveness原谅。
例2(2023新课标Ⅰ)
As reprted by a lcal newspaper, Bailey was mre than tw-thirds f the way thrugh her 44. race when a runner in frnt f her began crying in pain. She 45. stpped t help her fellw runner, Danielle Lenue. Bailey tk her arm t see if she culd walk frward with 46. aid. She culdn’t...
wuld have struggled with extreme 50 t make it t that aid checkpint withut Bailey’s help.
50. A. hunger B. pain C. cld D. tiredness
答案 B
解析 根据上文中的began crying in pain以及“Bailey tk her arm t see if she culd walk frward with aid. She culdn’t”可知,Lenue因疼痛而哭泣,即便被Bailey搀着也无法行走。所以,此处表示“要是没有Bailey的帮助,Lenue就得强忍剧痛(pain)走到那个医疗点”。pain是原词复现。
例3(2023新课标Ⅰ)
On Oct. 11, hundreds f runners cmpeted in a crss-cuntry race in Minnesta...
Althugh the tw yung wmen were strangers befre the 54 , they’ve since be- cme friends. Neither wn the race, but the 55. display f human kindness wn the day.
54. A. ride B. test C. meet D. shw
答案 C
解析 设空处位于最后一段,是对上文的总结。根据文章首句可知,本文讲述了在明尼苏达州的一场越野跑步比赛(race)过程中发生的故事。空前的定冠词the提示,设空处应表示上文提及的某个事物。再结合strangers可知,这两名选手在这次比赛之前并不认识。浏览选项可以发现,meet与race是同义词,表示“比赛”。
例4(2021新高考Ⅰ)
Our 48. rles in the factry were simple:Place cakes n a mving belt.Attach icing(糖霜)ears. Apply icing eyes and nse. 49. Remve bunny frm the belt. This was 50 than it sunds. 51. Slw dwn a bit and the cakes pile up.
50. A. harder B. better C. lnger D. cheaper
答案 A
解析 前面说作者在烘焙工厂的工作内容很简单(simple)。后面说稍慢一点,蛋糕就会堆到一起,所以这里应该是说实际操作比听起来要难。因此harder符合语境。
例5(2021新高考Ⅱ)
Dirty shrts and ld shes gave him the 46 f a real beggar and his cnvincing dialect sn wn him the 47. trust f the beggars.
46. A. challenge B. experience C. appearance D. freedm
答案 C
解析 句意:脏短裤和旧鞋子让他看起来像一个真正的乞丐,他那令人信服的方言很快使他赢得了那些乞丐的信任。Dirty shrts和ld shes都属于衣着,appearance(外表)符合语境。
二．活用逻辑衔接进行推断,如并列、转折、递进、因果等关系。
例1(2022北京)
Withut a wrd, I rushed him t the hspital. He was treated fr frstbite n his hands. He'd need time t 5 , and wuldn't cme fr class the next day, I thught.
5. A. recver B. play
C. change D. wait
答案 A
解析 设空处前提到了“去医院”“接受治疗”等信息,和recver(康复)形成潜在
的因果关系。
例2(2020新高考Ⅰ)
When he was 16, Mlai began t ntice smething 23. disturbing happening arund his hme. A fld had hit the area earlier that year and the 24. damage it caused had driven away a number f birds. 25 , the number f snakes had declined as well.
25. A. Besides B. Hwever C. Therefre D. Otherwise
答案 A
解析 根据选项可知,本题需要根据设空处前后内容的关系做题。此处描述洪水给Mlai的家乡带来的影响——大量鸟类飞走了,蛇的数量也减少了。前后构成递进关系。besides(此外,而且)符合语境。hwever但是;therefre因此;therwise否则。
例3(2022新高考Ⅰ)
I was 43 that ur 15-mnth-ld by wuld fall int the creek (小溪). I tied a rpe arund his waist t keep him near t ur spt.
43. A. annyed B. surprised C. disappinted D. wrried
答案 D
解析 根据下句“I tied a rpe arund his waist t keep him near t ur spt.”可知,作者把一根绳子系在15个月大的儿子的腰上,这是因为担心(wrried)他会掉进小溪里。
例4(2022新高考Ⅰ)
Anther time, we rented a bat in Vallecit Lake. The sky was clear when we 47. headed ff, but strms mve in fast in the muntains, and this ne quickly 48 ur peaceful mrning trip. The 49. wind picked up and thunder rlled.
48. A. arranged B. interrupted C. cmpleted D. recrded
答案 B
解析 ne指代strm。根据并列连词but可知,前后构成转折关系。前一分句说我们
出发的时候天气晴朗,后一分句说暴风雨来袭,打断了(interrupted)我们原本平静的清
晨之旅。
三．巧用语境提示
例1(2021北京改编)
A mment later, the little by began t the half-pen windw—ne leg went ver it.
A. drag B. climbC. knck D. push
答案 B
解析 根据破折号后的ne leg went ver it可知,小男孩的动作是爬上了半开着的窗户,climb符合语境。
例2(2023新课标Ⅰ)
On Oct.11, hundreds f runners cmpeted in a crss-cuntry race in Minnesta. Melanie Bailey shuld have 41. finished the curse earlier than she did. Her 42 came because she was carrying a 43. cmpetitr acrss the finish line.
42. A. delay B. chance C. truble D. excuse
答案 A
解析 根据前一句“Melanie Bailey shuld have finished the curse earlier than she did.”可知,此处使用了虚拟语气,表示Melanie Bailey本可以更早越过终点线。再结合“because she was carrying a cmpetitr acrss the finish line”可知,因为背着一名受伤的选手完成比赛,所以她延误了自己到达终点的时间。delay意为“延误(的时间)”。
四．依据情感态度
例1(2020北京)
He was upset, nt abut the Gameby, but abut the watch. “But Dad,” he said, thrugh massive 18 , “they dn't make that kind f watch anymre.” We were all very 19 .
18. A. tears B. fistsC. reliefs D. utbreaks
19. A. hesitant B. curiusC. sad D. eager
答案 18. A;19. C
解析 本段开头提到“他因为那块表不开心”。后面又提到“他们不再生产那种表了”。由此可推断,主人公和家人的情感是“悲伤”和“惋惜”的。因此第18题选tears,第19题选sad。
例2(2023新课标Ⅰ)
As fr Bailey, she is mre 51 abut why her act is cnsidered a big 52. deal. “She was just crying. I culdn’t 53. leave her,” Bailey tld the reprter. “I feel like I was just ding the right thing.”
51. A. wrried B. ashamed C. cnfused D. discuraged
答案 C
解析 根据后面的“I feel like I was just ding the right thing.”可知,Bailey认为自己只是做了应该做的事。但是人们却认为她的行为非常了不起,这让她有些困惑(cnfused)。wrried担心的;ashamed羞愧的;discuraged灰心的。
例3(2021全国甲)
“I have 55. matured and I admit respnsibility fr my 56. actins,” he said in the letter. “I cme t yu, 57. hat in hand, t aplgize fr the damage I had 58. indirectly caused and t ask yu t 59 my lifetime ban frm the htel.”
59. A. replace B. remember C. recnsider D. renew
答案 C
解析 从他写道歉信的态度可以看出他希望得到酒店的原谅,希望他们重新考虑(recnsider)对他入住酒店的禁令。
五．借助背景知识
例1(2023北京)
I was paying the price—t write a five-page essay n “Why I Shuld Nt Talk in Class”. That wuld take all night!
After I gt hme, thugh, I tk my time petting the cat—pstpning the pain.
When I finally sat dwn t 3.write, I began with the reasns Ms Black wuld want t hear.Talking kept me and my neighburs frm 4 .
4. A. learning B. playingC. planning D. laughing
答案 A
解析 由上文可知,“我”要写一篇5页的检讨书,主题是“我为什么不应该在课上说话”。文章中并未提及课上说话的影响,但是学生通过自己的生活经验可知,会影响“学习”,故选learning。
例12(2023新课标Ⅰ)
Bailey then 47. bent dwn t let Lenue climb nt her back and carried her all the way t the finish line, then anther 300 feet t where Lenue culd get 48 attentin. Once there, Lenue was 49. assessed and later taken t a hspital, where she learned that she had serius injuries in ne f her knees. She wuld have struggled with extreme 50. pain t make it t that aid checkpint withut Bailey’s help.
48. A. medical B. public C. cnstant D. equal
答案 A
解析 根据设空处所在句及下文中的make it t that aid checkpint可知,Bailey背着因受伤而无法行走的Lenue到达终点后,又背着她走了300英尺去赛场的医疗点接受治疗。medical attentin意为“治疗”。
六.运用固定搭配
(2023新课标Ⅰ)
As fr Bailey, she is mre 51. cnfused abut why her act is cnsidered a big 52 . “She was just crying. I culdn’t 53. leave her,” Bailey tld the reprter. “I feel like I was just ding the right thing.”
52. A. game B. prblem C. lessn D. deal
答案 D
解析 根据后面的“I feel like I was just ding the right thing.”可知,Bailey认为自己只是做了应该做的事,但是人们却认为她的行为非常了不起。a big deal是固定搭配,意为“一件了不起的事情”。
（建议用时：40分钟）
一
（2024·北京朝阳·二模）A nurse named Aly Hgarth has reunited with a mther and daughter at the same hspital ship 30 years after saving their lives.
In 1993, Ms Hgarth was turing a hspital ship in Sierra Lene when she knew that a patient Catherine Cnteh needed a Caesarean sectin (剖腹产手术), but she culdn’t 1 it. Ms Hgarth cntacted her clleagues and they paid fr the 170 surgery, s that Catherine’s daughter, Regina, culd be 2 . Later, Ms Hgarth vlunteered t take care f her in the hspital, 3 her wund and teaching her hw t feed the baby. In this way Ms Hgarth frmed a 4 with the mther and the baby, but they lst 5 when she returned hme t New Zealand.
Ms Hgarth, nw 52, vlunteered fr charity Mercy Ships. Surprisingly, she 6 Catherine and Regina at the same hspital ship. They bth became nurses, inspired by Ms Hgarth, and Regina nw has a child f her wn.
Ms Hgarth said, “T see Catherine in persn again, it’s very unreal really. It’s nt smething I 7 expected until we made cntact again. Fr me, I felt 8 at the mment when we met and didn’t knw hw t react.” “We just cried and cried,” Catherine said. “Regina and I wuld have died withut Ms Hgarth’s pure lve.”
“It’s really 9 t see Catherine again,” Ms Hgarth shared. “I thught abut her every time I tld that stry fr the last 30 years. I knw it was a significant time — realizing that yu can make a real 10 by ding smething.”
1．A．cancelB．bearC．affrdD．accept
2．A．examinedB．deliveredC．adptedD．attended
3．A．receivingB．remvingC．dressingD．discvering
4．A．habitB．traditinC．planD．bnd
5．A．tuchB．cntrlC．hpeD．directin
6．A．called nB．came acrssC．lked afterD．kept ff
7．A．everB．stillC．evenD．just
8．A．inspiredB．disappintedC．cncernedD．excited
9．A．impssibleB．amazingC．challengingD．simple
10．A．effrtB．cmmitmentC．decisinD．difference
【答案】1．C 2．B 3．C 4．D 5．A 6．B 7．A 8．D 9．B 10．D
【导语】本文属于记叙文，讲述了护士Aly Hgarth在30年前于医院船上救助了一位名叫Catherine Cnteh的母亲，并帮助她顺利生下女儿Regina的故事。多年后，她们在同一艘医院船上重逢。
1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：1993年，Hgarth女士在Sierra Lene参观一艘医疗船时，得知病人凯Catherine Cnteh需要剖腹产，但她负担不起。A. cancel取消；B. bear忍受；C. affrd负担得起；D. accept接受。根据下文的“Ms Hgarth cntacted her clleagues and they paid fr the 170 surgery”可知，Catherine Cnteh无法负担手术费。故选C。
2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Hgarth女士联系了她的同事，同事们支付了 170 美元的手术费，这样凯瑟琳的女儿Regina就可以顺利降生了。A. examined检查；B. delivered接生；C. adpted采纳，收养；D. attended出席。根据上文的“a patient Catherine Cnteh needed a Caesarean sectin (剖腹产手术)”可知，Catherine需要剖腹产，孩子需要接生。故选B。
3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来，Hgarth女士自愿在医院照顾她，帮她包扎伤口，教她如何喂养婴儿。A. receiving接收；B. remving移除；C. dressing给……包扎；D. discvering发现。根据下文的“her wund”可知，此处指为Catherine的伤口进行包扎处理。故选C。
4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过这种方式，Hgarth女士与母亲和孩子建立了联系，但当她回到新西兰的家中时，她们失去了联系。A. habit习惯；B. traditin传统；C. plan计划；D. bnd联系，纽带。根据上文的“Ms Hgarth vlunteered t take care f her in the hspital, 3 her wund and teaching her hw t feed the baby.”可知，上文描述了Hgarth女士照顾母女的过程，她们之间形成了情感上的联系。故选D。
5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过这种方式，Hgarth女士与母亲和孩子建立了联系，但当她回到新西兰的家中时，她们失去了联系。A. tuch联系；B. cntrl控制；C. hpe希望；D. directin方向。根据下文的“until we made cntact again”可知，她们曾失去过联系。故选A。
6．考查动词短语辨析。句意：令人惊讶的是，她在同一家医院船上偶遇了Catherine和Regina。A. called n拜访；B. came acrss偶然遇见；C. lked after照顾；D. kept ff远离。根据上文的“A nurse named Aly Hgarth has reunited with a mther and daughter at the same hspital ship 30 years after saving their lives.”及下文的“at the same hspital ship”可知，这里是说她们在同一家医院船偶遇。故选B。
7．考查副词词义辨析。句意：这是我完全没有预料到的，直到我们再次取得联系。A. ever曾经；B. still仍然；C. even甚至；D. just刚刚。根据上文的“T see Catherine in persn again, it’s very unreal really.”可知，Hgarth女士对此感到非常意外，曾经从未料想过。故选A。
8．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在我们见面的那一刻，我感到很激动，不知道该如何反应。A. inspired受到启发的；B. disappinted失望的；C. cncerned关心的；D. excited兴奋的，激动的。根据下文的“at the mment when we met and didn’t knw hw t react”可知，多年后重逢应是让人感到激动的。故选D。
9．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“再次见到Catherine真是太棒了，”Hgarth女士分享道。A. impssible不可能的；B. amazing惊人的，神奇的；C. challenging有挑战性的；D. simple简单的。根据上文的“I thught abut her every time I tld that stry fr the last 30 years”可知，这种重逢的情景对Hgarth来说是惊人而美好的。故选B。
10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我知道那是一段重要的时间——意识到你可以通过做一些事情来真正产生影响。A. effrt努力；B. cmmitment承诺；C. decisin决定；D. difference差异，影响。make a difference是固定搭配，表示“有所作为，产生影响”。根据上文的“Ms Hgarth cntacted her clleagues and they paid fr the 170 surgery, s that Catherine’s daughter, Regina, culd be 2 .”可知，Hgarth的行为改变了这对母女的命运，真正产生影响。故选D。
二
（2024·北京海淀·二模）Mvement is ur first language; I believe we’re brn t dance. I’ve always had a special liking fr dance, and my jb.
I gt great 1 wrking in the therapeutic (治疗的) wrld; it felt mre like a calling. I enjyed every mment; my purpse and missin 2 me. My highlights are when I’ve witnessed nce dull and hpeless eyes light up when the persn felt seen, heard, and accepted.
Then, ill health struck. As my health declined prgressively, I had t stp ding what I lved. 3 , all I had was being able t facilitate the ccasinal wrkshp when pprtunity and energy aligned (一致). Chrnic fatigue syndrme (慢性疲劳综合症) is a merciless beast.
In 2020, the unimaginable happened. In additin t sul-destrying feeling f being 4 , I began experiencing frequent vcal challenges f varying degrees. I culd n lnger accept facilitatin invitatins because my 5 was nw unreliable. I grieved, feeling like I was being swallwed by a damp, dark fg.
After an extended perid f being in self-pity, I 6 my thinking. I have internal value. My value r identity is nt 7 by what I can r cannt d. Regarding my health jurney, in time, I 8 this: it is what it is. Fr this seasn, this is my path.
S, I started dancing again. Life is full f surprises, pleasant, unpleasant, and neutral, yet what matters is hw we 9 t thse surprises. Despite nging vice lss and health challenges, I fund new ways t make a difference.
Yu and I may nt be able t chse the 10 life plays fr us; hwever, we d get t chse hw we will dance t it. May we dance with strength, curage, and grace.
1．A．fameB．surpriseC．pleasureD．inspiratin
2．A．fuelledB．attractedC．instructedD．calmed
3．A．SimplyB．ParticularlyC．EventuallyD．Apparently
4．A．tiredB．annyedC．disappintedD．injured
5．A．mindB．sightC．senseD．vice
6．A．discveredB．adjustedC．abandnedD．cntrlled
7．A．ignredB．selectedC．definedD．assisted
8．A．acceptedB．recalledC．questinedD．expected
9．A．referB．appealC．turnD．respnd
10．A．rleB．musicC．jkeD．game
【答案】1．C 2．A 3．C 4．A 5．D 6．B 7．C 8．A 9．D 10．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是热爱舞蹈和治疗工作的作者的生活变迁和心路历程。
1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我很高兴在治疗领域工作；这更像是一种召唤。A. fame名声；B. surprise惊讶；C. pleasure快乐；D. inspiratin灵感。根据下文“I enjyed every mment”可知，作者很高兴能在治疗领域里工作，空格处是“快乐”。故选C。
2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的目标和使命激励着我。A. fuelled刺激；B. attracted吸引；C. instructed指示；D. calmed使平静。根据上文“it felt mre like a calling”可知，作者觉得自己在治疗领域工作像是一种召唤，由此可见，作者的目标和使命激励着作者。故选A。
3．考查副词词义辨析。句意：最终，我所能做的就是在机会和精力一致的时候，促成偶尔的研讨会。A. Simply仅仅，只；B. Particularly特别，尤其；C. Eventually最终；D. Apparently显然。根据下文“all I had was being able t facilitate the ccasinal wrkshp when pprtunity and energy aligned”可知，空后内容是作者最终得到的结果，因此空格处是“最终”。故选C。
4．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：除了疲惫的灵魂毁灭感之外，我开始频繁地经历不同程度的声音挑战。A. tired累的；B. annyed生气的；C. disappinted失望的；D. injured受伤的。根据上文“Chrnic fatigue syndrme (慢性疲劳综合症) is a merciless beast”可知，作者得了慢性疲劳综合症，所以会觉得累。故选A。
5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不能再接受邀请，因为我的声音现在不可靠了。A. mind头脑，大脑；B. sight视力，视觉；C. sense意义；D. vice嗓音，说话声。根据上文“I began experiencing frequent vcal challenges f varying degrees”可知，作者开始频繁地经历不同程度的声音挑战，所以声音不再可靠。故选D。
6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在长时间的自怜之后，我调整了自己的想法。A. discvered发现；B. adjusted调整；C. abandned抛弃；D. cntrlled控制。根据下文“I have internal value”可知，作者在自怜之后开始调整自己的想法，认识到了自己有内部价值。故选B。
7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的价值或身份不是由我能做什么或不能做什么来定义的。A. ignred忽视；B. selected挑选；C. defined下定义；D. assisted帮助。根据上文“I have internal value”和下文“by what I can r cannt d”可知，作者觉得自己有内部价值，作者的价值或身份不是由作者能做什么或不能做什么来定义的。故选C。
8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：关于我的健康之旅，我最终接受了这个事实：它就是这样。A. accepted接受；B. recalled回想起；C. questined质疑；D. expected期待。根据下文“it is what it is. Fr this seasn, this is my path”可知，作者最终接受了“它就是这样”的这个现实。故选A。
9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：生活充满了惊喜，愉快的，不愉快的，平淡无奇的，但重要的是我们如何应对这些惊喜。A. refer提到，谈及；B. appeal呼吁，恳求；C. turn转动；D. respnd回答。根据下文“Despite nging vice lss and health challenges, I fund new ways t make a difference”可知，作者找到了有所影响的新方法，因此作者想说的是生活充满了惊喜，愉快的，不愉快的，平淡无奇的，但重要的是我们如何应对这些惊喜。故选D。
10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：你和我也许无法选择生活为我们弹奏的音乐；然而，我们可以选择如何随它起舞。A. rle角色；B. music音乐；C. jke玩笑；D. game游戏。根据下文“hwever, we d get t chse hw we will dance t it”可知，跳舞是和着音乐跳舞的，因此此处表示“你和我也许无法选择生活为我们弹奏的音乐”，因此空格处是“音乐”。故选B。
三
（2024·北京东城·二模）Steven tk his 7-year-ld sn Alex and 4-year-ld daughter Mia ut n his bat fr fishing and fun. But in the blink f an eye, things tk a terrifying 1 when a strng current suddenly swept thrugh, causing Mia t 2 her hld n the bat.
While Mia wre a life jacket, Alex did nt. But as the current pulled his sister away, Alex wasn’t ging t leave her alne. He, t, let g f the 3 and swam tward his sister.
Realizing the danger, Steven 4 jumped int the water and tried t help his kids. But the strng current made it difficult even fr him. S he tld Alex t swim t shre while he tried t rescue Mia.
“I tld them bth I lved them because I wasn’t sure what was ging t happen,” Steven recalled. “I tried t 5 Mia as lng as I culd. But finally I wre myself ut, and she drifted away (漂走) frm me.”
Alex fllwed his dad’s 6 and headed fr the shre. But it was n easy task. “The current was ging the ppsite way,” he explained.
This little by spent an hur 7 his way back t land. He swam mre than a mile. Once he finally made it t the shre, the by ran t the first huse he culd find and begged fr 8 . Frm there, Jacksnville authrities 9 and rescued Steven and his daughter.
Alex, the brave and 10 little by saved his sister and dad. If nt fr him, it wuld have been a different stry.
1．A．hitB．turnC．pauseD．risk
2．A．releaseB．findC．escapeD．regain
3．A．fishB．jacketC．batD．current
4．A．unusuallyB．suddenlyC．instantlyD．unexpectedly
5．A．relate tB．wait frC．cunt nD．stick with
6．A．explanatinB．ftstepsC．exampleD．instructins
7．A．clearingB．fightingC．pickingD．changing
8．A．securityB．understandingC．permissinD．help
9．A．cut inB．lked utC．tk verD．came arund
10．A．tughB．humbleC．hard-wrkingD．cnfident
【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．C 5．D 6．D 7．B 8．D 9．C 10．A
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Steven带儿女出海钓鱼，结果遇到了激流，女儿Mia不慎掉入水中，儿子Alex勇敢地去营救妹妹，最终两人成功获救的故事。
1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但在眨眼之间，情况发生了可怕的转折，一股强流突然袭来，导致 Mia松开了抓住船的手。A. hit击中；B. turn转折；C. pause暂停；D. risk风险。根据下文“a strng current suddenly swept thrugh”可知，情况发生了突然的变化，糟糕的事发生了，故选B。
2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. release放开；B. find找到；C. escape逃脱；D. regain重新获得。根据下文“But as the current pulled his sister away, Alex wasn’t ging t leave her alne.(但当水流把他的妹妹冲走时，亚历克斯不会丢下她不管)”可知，Mia松开了抓住船的手，被水流冲走了，故选A。
3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他也放开了船，向他的妹妹游去。A. fish鱼；B. jacket夹克；C. bat船；D. current水流。根据上文“While Mia wre a life jacket, Alex did nt. But as the current pulled his sister away, Alex wasn’t ging t leave her alne.(米娅穿着救生衣，亚历克斯没有。但当水流把他的妹妹冲走时，亚历克斯不会丢下她不管)”可知，Alex放开了船，去救他的妹妹，故选C。
4．考查副词词义辨析。句意：意识到危险，Steven立即跳入水中，试图帮助他的孩子。A. unusually不同寻常地；B. suddenly突然地；C. instantly立即地；D. unexpectedly出乎意料地。根据下文“jumped int the water and tried t help his kids”可知，情况紧急，Steven立即跳入水中试图帮助他的孩子，故选C。
5．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我尽可能长时间地和Mia在一起。A. relate t与……有关；B. wait fr等待；C. cunt n依靠；D. stick with坚持。根据下文“as lng as I culd”可知，Steven一直在尽力坚持救Mia，故选D。
6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Alex听从了他父亲的指示，向岸边游去。A. explanatin解释；B. ftsteps脚步；C. example例子；D. instructins指示。根据上文“S he tld Alex t swim t shre while he tried t rescue Mia.(所以他叫亚历克斯游到岸边，他去救米娅)”可知，Alex听从了父亲的指示，故选D。
7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个小男孩花了一个小时才回到岸上。A. clearing清除；B. fighting战斗；C. picking挑选；D. changing改变。根据上文“The current was ging the ppsite way(水流的方向正好相反)”以及下文“He swam mre than a mile.(他游了一英里多)”可知，小男逆流孩游了一英里多才回到岸上，这是一场艰难的斗争，故选B。
8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：一旦他终于上岸，男孩跑到他能找到的第一所房子，请求帮助。A. security安全；B. understanding理解；C. permissin许可；D. help帮助。根据下文“Frm there, Jacksnville authrities”和“rescued Steven and his daughter”可知，小男孩向杰克逊维尔当局请求帮助，去救爸爸和妹妹，故选D。
9．考查动词短语辨析。句意：从那里，杰克逊维尔当局接管并救出了Steven和他的女儿。A. cut in插嘴；B. lked ut注意；C. tk ver接管；D. came arund苏醒。根据下文“and rescued Steven and his daughter”可推理出，杰克逊维尔当局接管了救援工作，故选C。
10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Alex，这个勇敢而坚强的小男孩救了他的妹妹和爸爸。A. tugh坚强的；B. humble谦虚的；C. hard-wrking勤奋的；D. cnfident自信的。根据上文“This little by spent an hur… his way back t land. He swam mre than a mile.”可知，小男孩花了一个小时游了一英里终于返回到陆地，可推理出Alex是一个坚强的小男孩，故选A。
四
（2024·北京·三模）It was my first day f high schl, and it was my first day f schl in a new city. There was nly ne thing n my mind: what t wear. A gd image is everything, s it was imprtant fr me t 1 the peple wh I wuld spend the next fur years with.
Fr the first time in my life, I thught abut hw cnvenient it wuld be t wear the schl unifrm. After carefully selecting, I emerged prudly in a patterned dress. An hur later, I felt 2 as I stepped ff the bus and headed tward rm 1136. But as I turned the crner int my first class, my jaw drpped t the flr.
Sitting at her desk was Mrs. Hutfilz, my English teacher, 3 the exact same dress as I. I kept my head dwn and tipted t my seat, but the first day meant intrductins in frnt f the whle class, and sn enugh it was my 4 . I made it thrugh my minute speech, until Mrs. Hutfilz std up, jkingly adding that she liked my 5 . Althugh this was the mment I had been wrrying frm the mment I walked in, all the 6 that had increased surprisingly melted away; the students wh had previusly been staring at their phnes 7 their heads as I shared my stry. My smile grew as I laughed with my peers, ending my speech with “And I am very stylish, much like my first perid 8 .” After class, I stayed behind and talked t Mrs. Hutfilz, sharing my previus wrry abut cming int a new schl and city. I was 9 t make a humrus and genuine cnnectin with my first teacher, ne that wuld cntinue fr the rest f the year.
While my first perid f high schl may nt have gne exactly the way I thught it wuld, it certainly made the day 10 in the best way, and taught me that Mrs. Hutfilz has an awesme sense f style!
1．A．impressB．surpriseC．pleaseD．encurage
2．A．shyB．luckyC．freeD．pwerful
3．A．preparingB．wearingC．hidingD．designing
4．A．turnB．chanceC．rewardD．slutin
5．A．writingB．styleC．speechD．vice
6．A．happinessB．cnfidenceC．bredmD．anxiety
7．A．nddedB．buriedC．raisedD．tuched
8．A．neighbrB．peerC．teacherD．friend
9．A．relievedB．nervusC．patientD．embarrassed
10．A．unpredictableB．unfrgettableC．unbearableD．unchangeable
【答案】1．A 2．D 3．B 4．A 5．B 6．D 7．C 8．C 9．A 10．B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者上学的第一天和老师穿了一样的衣服，在作者感到尴尬时，老师用幽默的话语缓解了尴尬，给作者留下了难忘的记忆。
1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个好的形象就是一切，所以对我来说，给那些和我一起度过接下来四年的人留下深刻印象是很重要的。A. impress使印象深刻；B. surprise使惊讶；C. please使快乐；D. encurage鼓励。根据上文“A gd image is everything”可知，作者想留下深刻印象。故选A项。
2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一个小时后，当我下了车，朝1136房间走去时，我感到很有力量。A. shy害羞的；B. lucky幸运的；C. free自由的； D. pwerful有力量的。根据上文“After carefully selecting, I emerged prudly in a patterned dress.”可知，作者感到很有力量。故选D项。
3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：坐在她桌前的是我的英语老师胡菲尔兹夫人，她穿着和我一模一样的衣服。A. preparing准备；B. wearing穿；C. hiding 躲藏；D. designing设计。根据上文“what t wear”以及下文“the exact same dress as”可知，作者和老师穿着一样的衣服。故选B项。
4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我低着头，踮着脚尖走到座位上，但第一天的课程意味着要在全班同学面前做自我介绍，很快就轮到我了。A. turn转动，轮流；B. chance机会；C. reward回报； D. slutin解决措施。根据下文“I made it thrugh my minute speech”可知，轮到作者自我介绍了。故选A项。
5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我做了一分钟的演讲，直到哈菲尔茨夫人站起来，开玩笑地补充说她喜欢我的风格。A. writing写作；B. style风格；C. speech演讲； D. vice声音。作者和老师穿着同样一款衣服，所以老师开玩笑地说很喜欢作者的风格。故选B项。
6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然从我走进来的那一刻起，我就一直在担心，但所有增加的焦虑都令人惊讶地消失了。A. happiness幸福；B. cnfidence自信；C. bredm厌倦；D. anxiety焦虑。根据上文“wrrying”可知，作者的焦虑增加了。故选D项。
7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我分享我的故事时，之前一直盯着手机的学生都抬起了头。A. ndded点头；B. buried埋葬；C. raised提高； D. tuched触摸。根据上文“the students wh had previusly been staring at their phnes”可知，盯着手机看的同学在作者分享故事时抬起了头。故选C项。
8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我和同学们一起大笑时，我的笑容越来越灿烂，最后以“而且我很时尚，很像我的第一节课的老师”结束了我的演讲。A. neighbr邻居；B. peer同辈人；C. teacher教师；D. friend朋友。根据上文“Sitting at her desk was Mrs. Hutfilz, my English teacher”可知，这里指的是老师。故选C项。
9．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我和我的第一位老师建立了一种幽默而真诚的联系，这让我松了一口气，这种联系在那一年剩下的时间里一直持续着。A. relieved 放心的；B. nervus紧张的；C. patient耐心的；D. embarrassed尴尬的。根据下文“make a humrus and genuine cnnectin with my first teacher”可知，作者和作者的第一位老师建立了一种幽默而真诚的联系，这让作者松了一口气，不那么焦虑了。故选A项。
10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然我的第一段高中生活可能并不完全像我想象的那样，但它确实以最好的方式让这一天难忘，并让我知道哈菲尔兹夫人有一种令人敬畏的时尚感!。A. unpredictable不可预测的；B. unfrgettable难以忘记的；C. unbearable不可忍受的；D. unchangeable不变化的。根据上文可知，作者和老师穿着同样一款衣服，且老师很有幽默感以及下文“taught me that Mrs. Hutfilz has an awesme sense f style!”可知，这一天很难忘。故选B项。
五
（23-24高三上·北京丰台·期末）I was lucky enugh t test int the best high schl in the city. But then came my 1 : Am I gd enugh? It was a questin that 2 me thrugh my first mnth, even as began t settle in, even as I gt used t the early mrning wake-ups and mving between buildings fr class.
I knew I had t wrk t grund myself. My earliest strategy invlved keeping quiet and trying t 13 my new classmates. Wh were these kids anyway? Hw did they learn in schl? All I knew was that they were the smartest kids in the city, bviusly. 4 wasn’t I as well? Hadn’t I landed here because I was smart like them? The truth is that I didn’t knw. This 5 was like a deadly cell that threatened t divide and divide again, unless I culd find sme way t stp it.
Frtunately, my first rund f grades turned ut t be 6 , and s did my secnd. Over the curse f my first tw years, I began t build the same kind f 7 I’d had at my previus schl. With each little achievement, my dubt 8 tk leave.
I lved any subject that invlved writing and labred thrugh math. I had classmates wh were always a step r tw ahead f me, whse achievements seemed effrtless, but I tried nt t let that get t me. I was beginning t understand that if I put in extra hurs f studying, I culd ften 9 the gap. I wasn’t a straight-A student, but I was always 10 and I made prgress.
1．A．excitementB．satisfactinC．angerD．wrry
2．A．freedB．dggedC．warmedD．guided
3．A．bserveB．admireC．supprtD．calm
4．A．OrB．SC．ButD．Fr
5．A．guessB．dubtC．interestD．risk
6．A．excellentB．averageC．differentD．unique
7．A．respnsibilityB．friendshipC．cnfidenceD．teamwrk
8．A．suddenlyB．frequentlyC．accidentallyD．slwly
9．A．clseB．nticeC．lcateD．create
10．A．expectingB．tryingC．wnderingD．suffering
【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．B 6．A 7．C 8．D 9．A 10．B
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者转到城里最好的高中之后的适应过程。从刚开始的自我怀疑，取得了小成绩之后，疑虑慢慢消失，找回自信，并坚持一直努力，到最后取得成绩和进步。
1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但随之而来的是我的担忧：我足够好吗？A. excitement兴奋；B. satisfactin满意；C. anger生气；D. wrry担忧。根据后文“Am I gd enugh?(我够好吗？)”可知，作者对自己有所怀疑和担忧。故选D项。
2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个问题在我入学的第一个月里一直困扰着我，即使我已经开始适应，即使我已经习惯了清晨起床，在教学楼之间穿梭上课。A. freed释放；B. dgged(长期)困扰；C. warmed温暖；D. guided带领。根据后文“thrugh my first mnth(在我的第一个月)”的时间长度可推知，这个问题困扰着作者很长一段时间。故选B项。
3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我最早的策略是保持安静，尽力观察我的新同学。A. bserve观察；B. admire钦佩；C. supprt支持；D. calm使平静下来。根据后文“Wh were these kids anyway? Hw did they learn in schl?(这些孩子到底是谁?他们在学校是怎么学习的?)”可知，作者观察班里的同学。故选A项。
4．考查连词词义辨析。句意：但我不也是吗？A. Or或者；B. S因此；C. But但是；D. Fr因为。分析语境可知，前文“All I knew was that they were the smartest kids in the city, bviusly.(我只知道他们显然是城里最聪明的孩子)”作者认为新的同学们都很聪明，后文“__4__ wasn’t I as well? (我不也是吗？)”则是对自己的怀疑，前后文之间为转折关系。故选C项。
5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这种怀疑就像一个致命的细胞，威胁着要分裂再分裂，除非我能找到办法阻止它。A. guess猜测；B. dubt怀疑；C. interest使感兴趣；D. risk冒风险。分析句子可知，“This”指代前文“___4___ wasn’t I as well? Hadn’t I landed here because I was smart like them?(但我不也是吗？我来到这里不就是因为我和他们一样聪明吗？)”，这是作者初到新的学校和班级时对自己的怀疑。故选B项。
6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，我的第一轮成绩很优秀，第二轮也是如此。A. excellent极好的；B. average普通的；C. different不同的；D. unique独一无二的。根据“Frtunately(幸运地是)”可推知，作者第一轮的成绩应该很好。故选A项。
7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在最初的两年里，我开始建立起和在上一所学校时一样的信心。 A. respnsibility责任；B. friendship友谊；C. cnfidence信心；D. teamwrk团队合作。根据前文“Frtunately, my first rund f grades turned ut t be ___6___ , and s did my secnd.(幸运的是，我的第一轮成绩很优秀，第二轮也是如此)”可知，作者的成绩保持的很好，这让作者有了信心。故选C项。
8．考查副词词义辨析。句意：随着每一项小小的成就，我的疑虑慢慢消失了。A. suddenly突然；B. frequently频繁地；C. accidentally意外地；D. slwly缓慢地。根据前文“With each little achievement(每一个小小的成就)”可知，随着每取得一点成绩，作者的自我怀疑就消失了，与“little”相呼应，这里应是“slwly”，表达“慢慢地消失”。故选D项。
9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我开始明白，如果我多花几个小时学习，我经常可以缩小这种差距。A. clse缩小；B. ntice注意；C. lcate位于；D. create创造。分析语境可知，“the gap(差距)”应是指前文“always a step r tw ahead f me”提及的与成绩好的同学之间的差距，作者认为通过努力，可以缩小这种差距。故选A项。
10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不是一个优等生，但我一直在努力，而且我取得了进步。A. expecting期待；B. trying努力；C. wndering想知道；D. suffering遭受。根据后文“I made prgress(我取得了进步)”可知，作者取得了进步是因为付出了努力。故选B项。
六
（23-24高三上·北京·阶段练习）Karie duble-checked the wrds n her spelling test. If she gt 100 percent tday, she’d win her class’s First-Quarter Spelling Challenge.
Three mre wrds t g. N-i-c-e-l-y, Q-u-i-c-k-l-y, H--n-e-s-t-y. Wait! She’d spelled hnesty, nt hnestly! She erased the t-y and wrte l-y befre handing in her paper.
After a break, Karie hurried int the classrm. She fidgeted (坐立不安) in her seat. Ms. McCrmack walked t the frnt and cleared her thrat. “Cngratulatins. Karie! Yu did it!” The whle class 1 .
Ms. McCrmack presented Karie with her prize—a 2 . Karie grinned as she read the 3 n the bx: t Katie fr her perfect first-quarter scre in spelling.
Karie 4 the frnt dr after schl. She scped up (抱起) her cat. “Can yu spell nicely, Casper? And quickly and hnestly, and...” Karie’s stmach tumbled t the flr. Hnestly? H-O-N-E-S-L-Y! It suddenly struck her that she had 5 the wrd. Karie went t her rm and 6 n hw she culd tell the class she hadn’t earned the prize after all. She culdn’t sleep but kept tssing and turning in bed all night.
Ms. McCrmack was unlcking the classrm dr when Karie gt t schl the next mrning. “Yu are a(n) 7 bird.” Ms. McCrmack said. Katie’s hands trembled. She gave her teacher the spelling paper and the dictinary. “I can’t keep this. I misspelled hnestly and yu didn’t 8 it. ” “Cme and sit dwn, Karie.” Fr a mment, Ms. McCrmack std quietly reading the wrds n the dictinary. Then she picked up her pen. She crssed ut the wrd “perfect” and wrte “hnest” befre handing the dictinary back t Katie. Katie’s jaw drpped. “I get t keep this. 9 ?” “Fr hnestly, n.” Ms. McCrmack smiled. “But fr 10 , yes.”
1．A．interruptedB．eruptedC．hesitatedD．fllwed
2．A．bkB．penC．dictinaryD．certificate
3．A．titlesB．pemsC．wrdsD．letters
4．A．pushed verB．pulled dwnC．brke intD．burst thrugh
5．A．misunderstdB．misspelledC．misinterpretedD．misjudged
6．A．reflectedB．insistedC．decidedD．acted
7．A．earlyB．lvelyC．talentedD．timely
8．A．checkB．crrectC．dubtD．catch
9．A．EventuallyB．HnestlyC．ImmediatelyD．Luckily
10．A．fairnessB．respectC．hnestyD．trust
【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 4．D 5．B 6．A 7．A 8．D 9．B 10．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了凯蒂由于老师误判获得了拼写第一名的奖励，最后她发现了真相，主动向老师坦白，老师为了嘉奖她的诚实，最终还是把奖励给了她。
1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：休息了一会儿，凯莉匆匆走进教室。她在座位上坐立不安。麦科马克走到前面清了清嗓子。“恭喜你。Karie !你做到了!”整个班级沸腾了。A. interrupted打断；B. erupted爆发；C. hesitated犹豫；D. fllwed跟随。根据““Cngratulatins. Karie! Yu did it!””可知，这里是说全班为Karie感到高兴，全班都沸腾了。故选B项。
2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：麦科马克女士向凯莉颁发了她的奖品——字典。当凯丽读到盒子上的单词时，她笑了:为了凯蒂第一季度在拼写方面的完美成绩。A. bk书；B. pen笔；C. dictinary字典；D. certificate证书。根据下文“Then she picked up her pen. She crssed ut the wrd “perfect” and wrte “hnest” befre handing the dictinary back t Katie.”可知，为了奖励凯蒂载在拼写上的成绩，老师送了字典作为奖励。故选C项。
3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：麦科马克女士向凯莉颁发了她的奖品——字典。当凯丽读到盒子上的单词时，她笑了：为了凯蒂第一季度在拼写方面的完美成绩。A. titles题目；B. pems诗歌；C. wrds单词；D. letters字母。根据后面的“t Katie fr her perfect first-quarter scre in spelling”可知，这里是说写在字典上的字。故选C项。
4．考查动词短语辨析。句意：Karie放学后冲进前门。她抱起了她的猫。A. pushed ver推倒；B. pulled dwn摧毁，推翻； C. brke int闯入，破门而入；D. burst thrugh冲开，冲破。根据前文可知凯蒂因为获奖很高兴，于是放学后冲进了家里的前门。故选D项。
5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：诚实?H-O-N-E-S-L-Y !她突然意识到她把这个词拼错了。A. misunderstd误解；B. misspelled拼错；C. misinterpreted曲解，误解；D. misjudged误判。根据后文的“hw she culd tell the class she hadn’t earned the prize after all”可知凯蒂是把单词拼错了。故选B项。
6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Karie回到她的房间，思考着她怎么能告诉全班她根本没有获奖。A. reflected反映，认真思考；B. insisted坚持；C. decided决定；D. acted行为，表现。根据“hw she culd tell the class she hadn’t earned the prize after all. ”可知，此处是指凯蒂在思考如何给大家说她根本没得奖。故选A项。
7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：第二天早上，凯蒂到学校时，麦科马克女士正在打开教室的门。“你来得很早。”麦科马克女士说。A. early早的；B. lvely可爱的；C. talented 有天赋的；D. timely及时的。根据下文凯蒂承认自己拼错单词推知，她早早到学校，以便在人少或者没人的情况下告诉老师这件事。故选A项。
8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我不能留着这个。我拼错了，你没有看到。”A. check检查；B. crrect纠正；C. dubt怀疑；D. catch抓住。根据前文的“Ms. McCrmack presented Karie with her prize—a 2 .”可知，凯蒂因为拼写全对得到了奖励，但是后来她发现自己拼错了，因此是老师没有看到。故选D项。
9．考查副词词义辨析。句意：凯蒂的下巴都掉下来了。“我还可以留着这个字典。真的吗？”A. Eventually最终；B. Hnestly老实说；C. Immediately立刻，马上；D. Luckily幸运的是。根据语境，这里是说凯蒂觉得很惊讶老师仍然把字典作为奖励给了她，所以反问老师“这是真的吗”。故选B项。
10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“不是因为hnestly。”麦科马克女士笑了。“但是为了诚实，是的。”A. fairness公平；B. respect尊重；C. hnesty诚信；D. trust信任。结合上文凯蒂主动承认自己的错误可知，老师为了奖励凯蒂的诚实而仍然给了凯蒂字典作为奖励。故选C项。
年份
体裁
词数
话题
考点分布
命题趋势
动词
名词
形容词
副词
2024
记叙文
279
人与自我：走出自己的舒适区
4
4
1
1
主题语境为“人与自我”和“人与社会”为主的记叙文体
2023
记叙文
273
人与社会：幽默反思课堂纪律
6
2
1
1
2022
记叙文
253
人与社会：信任与等待的感人故事
5
1
3
1
2021
记叙文
238
人与社会：家庭传统与爱的传承
4
3
2
1
2020
记叙文
382
人与社会：音乐梦想与友情力量
11
6
2
1