高考英语二轮写作讲义-图表类（全国通用）（教师版）

这是一份高考英语二轮写作讲义-图表类（全国通用）（教师版），共21页。学案主要包含了参考范文，参考答案等内容，欢迎下载使用。
01 \l "_Tc31597" 析·考情精解2
02 \l "_Tc19863" 构·知能架构3
03 \l "_Tc306" 破·考点攻坚4
04 \l "_Tc700" 分层突破 固本培优，精准提分9
1．（2023年全国乙卷）学校英文报正在开展以Learning English Beynd the Classrm为题的讨论。请使用图表中的调查结果写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：
1. 学习活动状况描述：
2. 简单评论;
3. 你的建议。
注意：
1. 词数100左右;
2. 短文的题目和首句已为你写好。
Learning English Beynd the Classrm
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【参考范文】
Learning English Beynd the Classrm
Nwadays, with the grwing ppularity f smartphnes and cmputers, an increasing number f students are chsing t learn English beynd the classrm in varius ways.
It can easily be seen that the percentage f students wh chse listening t English sngs and watching English mvies is respectively 65% and 50%. Hwever, thse chsing reading English bks and visiting English learning websites nly accunt fr 18% and 12%.
As far as I’m cncerned, it is a disturbing trend. Fr students, what is mst beneficial t their study is reading English bks. Because f their lack f self-discipline, they’re mre easily addicted t chatting nline r playing games. It’s urgent fr students themselves t imprve their self-discipline, and it’s als urgent fr parents and teachers t strengthen the guidance.
2．（2024年全国甲卷）英语课要求做课堂展示, 请你根据所给图片, 以Develpment f Transprt in China为题写一篇发言稿。
注意:
1. 词数 100 左右;
2. 题目和首句已为你写好。
Develpment f Transprt in China
Frm the vehicle f hrses t tday's cnvenient transprt, Chinese transprt has an enrmus develpment.
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【参考范文】
Develpment f Transprt in China
It's a great hnur t address yu all! The tpic I want t share with yu tday is "The Prgress f Transprt in China", illustrated thrugh shared bikes, high-speed trains, and new energy vehicles.
The past few decades have seen remarkable prgress in the cuntry's transprt system, giving the Chinese peple access t different ways f travelling. Shared bikes nw dt city streets, prviding a green and cnvenient cmmuting ptin. Meanwhile, high-speed trains, especially the bullet train, have drastically reduced travel times acrss this expansive natin. Furthermre, with the emergence f new energy vehicles, China is stepping twards a mre ec-friendly and sustainable future. These develpments nt nly shwcase China's technlgical prgress but als its cmmitment t envirnmental sustainability.
In shrt, China's transprt system is embracing innvatin and ec-friendliness.
1. 开篇引出图表与总体描述
基础表达：
The chart/graph shws that... 图表显示...
Accrding t the chart... 根据图表...
We can see frm the chart that... 从图表中我们可以看到...
There has been a change in... ...方面发生了变化。
becme increasingly ppular/cmmn. ...变得越来越流行/普遍。
高级表达：
The data presented in the chart shed light n the current situatin regarding... 图表中的数据揭示了关于...的现状。
A glance at the chart reveals a ntable trend in... 瞥一眼图表就能发现...方面的一个显著趋势。
The chart prvides a snapsht f... 该图表提供了...的一个快照/概况。
As is illustrated in the chart, ... has witnessed a dramatic shift. 如图所示，...经历了巨大的转变。
The survey results ffer cmpelling insights int hw... 调查结果为了解...的方式提供了有力的见解。
2. 描述具体数据与对比
基础表达(描述比例/数量)：
fr/makes up X%. ...占了X%。
The percentage f... is X%. ...的比例是X%。
X% f students prefer/chse... X%的学生更喜欢/选择...
The number f... is the largest/highest. ...的数量是最大的/最高的。
the mst ppular chice, at X%. ...是最受欢迎的选择，占X%。
In cntrast, the least ppular. 相比之下，...是最不受欢迎的。
高级表达(描述比例/数量与对比)：
a substantial/dminant X% f the ttal. ...构成了总数中相当大/占主导地位的X%。
A staggering/merely X% f respndents pt fr... 多达/仅有X%的受访者选择...
verwhelming ppularity, with a share f X%. ...极受欢迎，占比达X%。
This stands in sharp/stark cntrast t..., which claims nly X%. 这与仅占X%的...形成了鲜明对比。
While a majrity favr..., a significant minrity f X% engage in... 虽然大多数人喜欢...，但也有相当一部分（X%）的人从事...
基础表达 (描述趋势变化)：
The number f... has increased/risen/gne up. ...的数量增加了/上升了。
The number f... has decreased/drpped/fallen. ...的数量减少了/下降了。
remained stable/steady. ...保持稳定。
There was a sharp/slight increase in... ...有急剧/小幅增长。
高级表达 (描述趋势变化)：
experienced a marked/significant surge/decline. ...经历了显著的增长/下降。
A steady upward/dwnward trend can be bserved in... 可以观察到...有稳定的上升/下降趋势。
The data pints t a gradual but steady shift frm... t... 数据表明，存在一个从...到...的渐进但稳定的转变。
3. 进行分析评论
基础表达 (引出评论)
This shws that... 这表明...
This means that... 这意味着...
In my pinin, ... 在我看来，...
I think this is because... 我认为这是因为...
高级表达 (引出深度分析)
This phenmenn/data reveals a deeper issue:... 这一现象/数据揭示了一个更深层的问题：...
What lies behind these numbers is the fact that... 这些数字背后的事实是...
Several factrs may accunt fr/cntribute t this trend. 可能有几个因素导致了这一趋势。
This pattern is hardly surprising, given that... 考虑到...，这种模式不足为奇。
The influence f this trend are twfld. 这一趋势的影响是双重的。
高级表达 (利弊/原因分析)
On the ne hand, ... ffers cnvenience and engagement. On the ther hand, it may lead t... 一方面，...提供了便利性和参与感。另一方面，它可能导致...
The primary driver behind this is likely... 这背后的主要驱动力可能是...
This can be attributed t the lack f... / the easy access t... 这可归因于缺乏... / 容易获得...
as a majr distractin, undermining... ...是一个主要的干扰因素，损害了...
4. 提出建议与总结
基础表达 (提出建议)
We shuld... 我们应该...
It is imprtant t... 重要的是...
I suggest that... 我建议...
Schls/Parents shuld... 学校/家长应该...
高级表达 (提出具体、分层建议)
T address this issue, a cmprehensive apprach is necessary. 要解决这个问题，需要多管齐下。
It wuld be advisable fr... t... 建议...去...
A cncerted effrt frm individuals, families, and schls is required t reverse this trend. 需要个人、家庭和学校的共同努力来扭转这一趋势。
Practical steps include setting aside dedicated time fr... and using... 具体的步骤包括为...留出专门时间，以及利用...
基础表达 (总结)
In cnclusin, ... 总之，...
T sum up, ... 总而言之，...
In shrt, ... 简而言之，...
高级表达 (总结与展望)
In brief, while... has its merits, a balanced apprach that emphasizes... is crucial fr effective learning. 简而言之，虽然...有其优点，但强调...的平衡方法对于有效学习至关重要。
Ultimately, the data calls fr greater awareness and mre practive measures t ensure... 最终，数据呼吁人们提高认识并采取更积极的措施，以确保...
Mving frward, the fcus shuld shift frm... t fstering... 展望未来，重点应从...转向培养...
01词汇精准替换训练 (基础→高级)
将以下基础表达，用提供的高级选项进行同义替换。
1. “占多少比例”
基础句: Abut 65% f students like listening t sngs.
你的改写: Abut 65% f students ________________ listening t sngs.
2. “是最受欢迎的”
基础句: Watching mvies is the mst ppular activity.
你的改写: Watching mvies ________________ amng students.
3. “相比之下/但是” (描述对比)
基础句: But nly 12% visit learning websites.
你的改写: ________________, nly 12% visit learning websites.
4. “增加”
基础句: The number increased a lt frm 2020 t 2023.
你的改写: The number ________________ frm 2020 t 2023.
【参考答案】
1. accunt fr / cnstitute / make up / represent
2. ranks first / enjys the greatest ppularity / emerges as the preferred chice / is the verwhelming favrite
3. In cntrast / Hwever
4. sared / surged
扩展：（增加）: sared / surged / witnessed a sharp increase / experienced significant grwth
（减少）: plummeted / drpped sharply / saw a dramatic decline / fell markedly
02句式升级锻造训练 (简单→复合)
将两个简单句，用指定语法合并成一个高级复合句。
1. 使用非谓语动词
简单句: Many students chse listening t sngs. They find it relaxing and fun.
合并提示 (用 finding it... 作状语):
你的改写: _________________________________________________________________.
2. 使用定语从句
简单句: The activity “reading bks” nly accunts fr 18%. This activity is mst beneficial fr vcabulary building.
合并提示 (用 which 引导非限制性定语从句):
你的改写: _________________________________________________________________.
3. 使用主语从句或表语从句
简单句: The data is surprising. It shws students prefer entertainment t deep learning.
合并提示 (用 What surprises us is that... 句型):
你的改写: _________________________________________________________________.
【参考答案】
1. Many students chse listening t sngs, finding it relaxing and fun.
2. The activity “reading bks”, which is mst beneficial fr vcabulary building, nly accunts fr 18%.
3. What surprises us is that the data shws (a preference fr) entertainment ver deep learning.
03段落逻辑构建训练 (填空与排序)
1. 根据逻辑填空
请根据下方短文逻辑，在横线处填入最恰当的英文短语，括号内已给出该处应表达的中文意思。
Learning Habits Survey
A recent schl survey has prduced thught-prvking results regarding ur after-class English learning habits. The data paints a clear picture f ur preferences.
(1) ________________________ (图表一目了然地显示) students’ chices diverge significantly. (2) ____________ (当谈及) passive and entertaining methds, listening t English sngs and watching mvies are the undisputed favrites, (3) ____________ (分别占) 65% and 50% f the respnses. (4) ____________________ (与此形成鲜明对比的是), mre demanding activities like reading English bks and visiting dedicated learning websites (5) __________________________________ (人气低得多), capturing a mere 18% and 12% respectively. (6) ____________________________________ (这种明显的差距指向了一个更深层的问题): a ptential tendency t favr instant gratificatin ver disciplined, in-depth learning. This pattern, (7) ____________________ (如果任其发展), might hinder the develpment f critical reading and analytical skills essential fr academic success.
2. 请将以下打乱的句子，重新排列成一个逻辑通顺的描述段。
1. These tls prvide immersive and enjyable experiences.
2. Accrding t a recent survey, digital media dminates students’ language learning beynd the classrm.
3. Fr instance, 65% utilize English sngs fr learning, while 50% pt fr mvies.
4. Hwever, traditinal methds like reading paper bks seem t be lsing grund, with nly 18% engagement.
5. This indicates a shift twards mre interactive and accessible resurces.
正确顺序应为: ________________
【参考答案】
练习1: (1) The chart clearly shws that / As is clearly shwn in the chart,
(2) When it cmes t / In terms f
(3) accunting fr / making up
(4) In stark cntrast / On the ther hand,
(5) fare far less ppular / are much less favred
(6) This bvius gap pints t a deeper issue
(7) if left unaddressed / if this trend cntinues
练习2: 2-3-1-5-4
写作 1学生周末体育活动的调查
学校英文报“Healthy Campus”栏目正在征集稿件。请根据以下关于学生周末体育活动的饼图，写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：
1. 描述活动分布状况；
2. 简单评论该状况；
3. 提出改进建议。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Facing the Screen, Missing the Field
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【参考范文】
Facing the Screen, Missing the Field
A survey f 200 students reveals a trubling trend: a dminant 40% prefer indr screen time, vershadwing team sprts (30%) and wrkuts (25%), while 5% d n exercise.
This pattern, dminated by screen time, pses a critical health risk. Excessive screen time nt nly harms eyesight but als cntributes t physical inactivity and scial islatin, especially when it replaces team sprts that fster cperatin. Such inactivity sws the seeds fr future health issues.
Reversing this requires actin. Schls can spark interest by rganizing fun inter-class cmpetitins. Fr us, change begins with small, cnsistent steps—a daily 20-minute walk r bike ride with friends. Let’s swap sme screen time fr green time and recharge bth ur bdies and minds.
写作 2学生使用手机的主要目的调查
假定你是李华，你班在主题班会上讨论了“学生使用手机的主要目的”，调查结果如下图。请你为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括：
1. 汇报调查结果；
2. 谈谈你的看法；
3. 就健康使用手机提出一至两点建议。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
A Reprt n Our Smartphne Use
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【参考范文】
A Reprt n Our Smartphne Use
What d we use ur smartphnes fr? A class survey prvides a clear answer: scial media and entertainment dminate student usage at 45%, fllwed by study (30%) and gaming (20%).
In my view, this heavy reliance n phnes fr leisure is a duble-edged swrd. While it ffers relaxatin and cnnectin, it ften cmes at the cst f fcused study and face-t-face interactin.
Therefre, adpting mre mindful phne use is crucial. We can start by setting daily limits n distracting apps. Mre imprtantly, establishing “phne-free znes” during study and family time can help us recnnect with what matters. Ultimately, we must ensure ur phnes serve as tls, nt masters.
写作 3 学生每月零花钱主要用途的调查
假设你是红星中学学生会主席李华。针对“学生每月零花钱主要用途”的调研结果（见下图），请你代表学生会写一份倡议书，发表在英文报上，内容包括：
1. 简要说明调研发现；
2. 指出潜在问题；
3. 倡议理性消费、增加文化投入。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear fellw students,
The Student Unin recently cnducted a survey n hw we spend ur pcket mney, and the findings are wrth ur attentin.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Let's make wiser chices and build a mre meaningful campus life tgether!
The Student Unin
【参考范文】
Dear fellw students,
The Student Unin recently cnducted a survey n hw we spend ur pcket mney, and the findings are wrth ur attentin.
The pie chart indicates that half f ur mnthly allwance ges t snacks and drinks, while digital prducts and games claim anther 30%. In sharp cntrast, nly 15% is spent n bks and statinery, and a mere 5% is saved.
This spending pattern pints t the fact that ur cnsumptin seems driven mre by instant jy than lng-term value. Excessive spending n pleasures may nt nly affect ur health but als limit ur investment in persnal grwth and future financial security.
Thus, we sincerely call fr a shift twards wiser spending. Let’s try t reduce snacks and game purchases. Instead, we can allcate mre funds t gd bks that enrich ur minds. Every wise chice shapes a better habit.
Let's make wiser chices and build a mre meaningful campus life tgether!
The Student Unin
写作 4受益最多的习惯调查
（2025·温州浙南名校期末考）假如你是李华，最近你校组织了一次名为“The Habit That Benefits Me Mst”的问卷调查。请你针对本次调查结果（如下图），写一篇短文投稿。内容包括：
1. 描述图表；
2. 你的看法及理由。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式的答题纸的相应位置作答。
The Habit That Benefits Me Mst
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【参考范文】
The Habit That Benefits Me Mst
Our schl recently cnducted a survey n The Habit That Benefits Me Mst. 30% f the students surveyed cnsider daily reading the mst beneficial, while 26% and 23% students chse regular exercise and effective time management respectively, with the rest 21% viewing maintaining a balanced diet as the mst imprtant habit.
All these habits are f great value. Persnally, I am cnvinced that effective time management yields the greatest benefits fr me. As high schl students, striking a balance between academics, persnal interests, and adequate rest prves exceptinally challenging. By planning my schedule wisely, I am able t accmplish tasks efficiently and allcate dedicated time fr self-imprvement.
Cultivating this habit is bviusly rewarding and I believe it will undubtedly be invaluable fr my future study and prfessinal pursuits.
写作 5学生不吃早餐现象的调查
（2026·福州第一次月考）假定你是李华，你校英语报健康专栏对学生不吃早餐的现象进行调查，请根据以下调查统计图写一份书面报告，内容包括：
1．描述统计图（bar chart）；
2．给出建议。
Hw Often Breakfast Is Skipped
注意：(1)写作词数应为80个左右；
(2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Recently, ur English newspaper had a survey abut hw ften breakfast is skipped.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Recently, ur English newspaper had a survey abut hw ften breakfast is skipped.
The bar chart clearly presents the results: 50% f students skip breakfast nce a week, the highest percentage amng all grups. Anther 8% d s several times a week, while nly 5% are in the “Others” categry. This data shws that skipping breakfast is a cmmn prblem amng ur students.
T slve this, students shuld set alarms and g t bed earlier t make time fr breakfast. Schls can als add mre tasty and nutritius breakfast chices. A gd breakfast gives us energy, which is vital fr ur study and health.
真题动向
新情境（2023年全国乙卷）；（2024年全国甲卷）等
必备知识
图表常用表达：
1. 开篇引出图表与总体描述
2. 描述具体数据与对比
3. 进行分析评论
4. 提出建议与总结
A组·保分基础练
题型01词汇精准替换训练 (基础→高级) （原创题）
题型02句式升级锻造训练 (简单→复合)（原创题）
题型03段落逻辑构建训练 (填空与排序)（原创题）
B组•抢分能力练
写作 1学生周末体育活动的调查（原创题）
写作 2学生使用手机的主要目的调查（原创题）
写作 3学生每月零花钱主要用途的调查（原创题）
写作 4受益最多的习惯调查（亮点题）
写作 5学生不吃早餐现象的调查（新题材）
命题轨迹透视
近几年的高考英语图片及图表类的写作中通常和书信或者短文类写作相结合，主要考查体现在以下几点：
1. 考查本质
这是“应用文框架下的数据论述文”。它并非纯粹的图表描述，而是要求考生基于图表数据，完成一篇结构完整、观点明确的短文（如投稿、发言稿）。
2. 题型特点
载体：通常以校报投稿、课堂演讲、主题班会发言等校园生活场景为载体。
内容：提供图表（饼图、柱状图、表格等）作为事实依据。
任务：要求考生描述现象（描述图表）、分析评论（揭示问题/意义）、提出建议/展望（给出解决方案/得出结论）。
融合性：它完美融合了描述文（客观）、议论文（主观）和应用文（格式）三种文体的要素。
2026命题
预测
1. 题型持续热门
这类题型综合性强，能有效考查学生的信息处理、逻辑思维和语言表达能力，预计在未来高考中将持续出现。图表主题将紧密贴合学生生活（如阅读习惯、运动方式、消费观念）或社会发展（如环保行为、科技应用、文化传播）。
2. 图表形式稳定
以饼图（显示比例构成）和柱状图（显示数量/频率对比） 为主，表格也可能出现。
3. 考查重点预测
描述数据的能力：必须掌握多种表达方式，避免单一。
表示“占多少比例”：accunt fr / make up / cnstitute X%； X% f students prefer...
表示“最多/最少”：the highest/largest percentage is...； the first； the least ppular chice is...
表示“对比”：while / whereas / hwever / in cntrast
从描述到分析的过渡能力：需使用逻辑连接词自然过渡。如：This phenmenn/data reveals that...； What lies behind these numbers is...； Several factrs may accunt fr this trend.
提出有深度、可操作的建议：建议要具体，避免空话。如“加强自律”可扩展为“设定每日30分钟英语阅读计划”或“使用专注力APP”。
命题解读
新情境：传统情境：以往图表作文常描述积极、正向的发展（如交通进步、阅读量增长），侧重于呈现和赞美成果。
本题情境：图表揭示了一个值得警惕的现象：学生更偏爱娱乐化、被动式的英语学习（听歌、看电影），而冷落了需要深度投入的主动学习（读书、访网站）。这是一个校园内的“真问题”情境，引导学生关注自身学习生态，具有强烈的现实针对性和讨论价值。
新考法： 隐性考查“立德树人”与“问题解决素养”
价值观嵌入：通过讨论“娱乐性学习”与“深度学习”的对比，隐性考查学生是否认同刻苦、专注、深度学习的价值观。
问题解决素养：题目要求“评论”和“建议”，本质是考查 “定义问题-分析原因-提出方案” 的完整问题解决流程。
语言为思维服务：在这类题目中，优美的句式和高级词汇是“锦上添花”，而清晰、有力、逻辑严密的观点表达才是“雪中送炭”。命题者更看重考生用英语进行有效说理和劝导的能力。
新动向：
传统考查：重点在准确描述“是什么”（数据）和“怎么做”（建议）。
本题考查：
价值判断：要求考生对现象进行定性。范文使用了 disturbing trend（令人担忧的趋势）这一明确的价值判断词。考生必须基于数据，做出自己的评价：这是好是坏？是喜是忧？
归因分析：要求考生探究“为什么”。范文将原因归结为 lack f self-discipline（缺乏自律）和易受网络闲聊、游戏干扰。这触及了当代学生学习的核心痛点——在信息娱乐化时代下的专注力危机。
整体考查意图：考查学生的思辨深度。能否从行为现象（不爱读书）透视背后的心理与行为原因（自律不足、诱惑太多），是区分思维层次的关键。