上海高考英语二轮讲义-英语写作之图表类作文（教师版）

这是一份上海高考英语二轮讲义-英语写作之图表类作文（教师版），共12页。学案主要包含了参考答案，思路点拨，精准解析，名师指导，高分句型1，高分句型2，2023普陀区二模等内容，欢迎下载使用。
TOC \ "1-3" \h \z \u \l "_Tc148898652" 题型综述 PAGEREF _Tc148898652 \h 1
\l "_Tc148898652" 解题攻略 PAGEREF _Tc148898652 \h 1
\l "_Tc148898653" 题型01 直接信息题 PAGEREF _Tc148898653 \h 1
\l "_Tc148898654" 题型02 直接理解题 PAGEREF _Tc148898654 \h 3
\l "_Tc148898655" 题型03 间接信息题 PAGEREF _Tc148898655 \h 5
\l "_Tc148898656" 题型04 数字计算题 PAGEREF _Tc148898656 \h 9
题型05 排列 \l "_Tc148898656" 顺序题 PAGEREF _Tc148898656 \h 9
题型06 图表图画 \l "_Tc148898656" 题 PAGEREF _Tc148898656 \h 9
\l "_Tc148898657" 高考练场 PAGEREF _Tc148898657 \h 10
图表类书面表达常以数据表格形式、曲线图形式、流程图形式、柱形图形式、饼式图形式及平面图形式出现。这类题型具有文字少、信息简洁、要点分散等特征。图表类书面表达在近年的高考中时有出现，这类统计图在日常生活中应用得非常广泛，因此，读懂它并能用英语清晰地表述出来具有很强的现实意义。图表作文主要是介绍或说明某方面的情况，文体上属于说明文。应按照说明文的形式和特点来进行写作。由于这类试题文字少、信息简洁，如果只是把图表中的内容一点一点地记叙出来，进行清单式的罗列，就会索然乏味，并且达不到字数要求。
图画类作文是材料作文的一种特殊形式，是一种变“画”为文的作文方式。这种题型提供给考生的是图画，要求考生在看懂图画意思后写作文，主要训练和考查考生的观察力、思考力、创造力和表达能力。素材贴近生活。图画类的书面表达一般都是中学生所熟悉的场景；画面生动形象，具有趣味性，体现高考书面表达“生活化”的特点。有时候还附带有英语或汉语说明，考生易获得直观信息。文体形式多样。值得注意的是图画式作文主要有记叙文、说明文和议论文。

第一段(para.I):描述图表所显示的内容，引出需要描述的核心部分，不一定要面面俱到。
第二段(Para.II):提炼图片中所反映的核心问题，对此提岀自己的看法并加以论证说明。
第三段(Para.III):总结全文，或提出解决问题的方法和希望，或进行鼓励和号召。
表格类写作结构指导
要点一：细读图表，抓住特征
图表中的数据信息往往较多，首先要读懂其中的符号和数字所代表的意思。然后，从图表的整体着手，认真分析各项数据，抓住其主要特征，弄懂它们所揭示的规律。经常使用的词汇有：table，chart，figure，graph，describe，tell，shw，represent等。
要点二：认真审读，确定主题
认真审读试题所提供的数据信息，结合文字提示，确定短文的主题。短文的主题往往隐含在图表中，需要考生从图表数据中概括出事情或事件的规律和特征，然后归纳出主题。有时，试题给出了短文的题目，也就等于为考生点明了主题。
要点三：巧用数据，突出主题
引用数据说明基本趋势，比较数据揭示基本特征。由于图表中的数据信息较多，写作时要巧妙地引用一些数据来说明主题，不要作任何发挥。表达时，既要包含所有要点，但又不能面面俱到。经常使用的词汇有：rise，drp，reduce，increase，decrease，fall，while，but，n the cntrary，hwever，，in cntrast t，，the same as，similar t，different frm，difference between，amng，mre than，less than等。
要点四：词句多变，表达灵活
由于图表数据比较单调，很容易使人选用相同的词语和句式进行表达，结果文章显得很乏味。因此，写作时要尽量避免重复使用同一词语或句型，选择一些异曲同工的词语和句式来表达。
要点五：适当发挥，表明观点
图表类书面表达有时要求考生在对数据进行分析、对比后，简单地谈谈自己的看法或提出建议，这属于让考生自主发挥的部分，更是短文最精彩的部分。考生要在该部分陈述自己的看法，表明自己的观点，提出解决问题的方法或建议。表述观点时，可以引用人们普遍的观点，也可说出自己独到的见解。借题发挥时，不可偏离主题，只要把观点表述清楚即可，不必作更多的解释或说明。经常使用的词有：in a wrd，in shrt, generally speaking, It’s clear frm the chart that..., we can draw the cnclusin that..., we can learn/knw...等。
图画类写作结构指导
1.描述图片内容的常用句式
Frm the picture, we can see
It can be easily seen frm the picture
As is vividly prtrayed (depicted /...) in the drawing, ...
What we can't help nticing frm the picture is that...
2.阐明图片内涵意义的句式
Simple as it seems, this picture des shwcase (reveal/shw...) a cmmn phenmenn that...
Laughable at first glance, the drawing actually cnveys the message t us that...
The picture serves t remind us f a cmmn scial phenmenn that...
It is quite bvius that the drawer f this picture wants t draw ur attentin twards / t sth.
Beneath this picture there is thught-prvking fact that...
3.表达结论的常用句式
It is safe t draw the cnclusin that...
Frm what has been discussed abve, we may safely draw the cnclusin that...
In cnclusin, it is a wake-up call fr sb. t d sth.
Nw, after careful analysis, it is nt difficult t miss the pint that
(2021·上海浦东新·二模)
Directins: Write an English cmpsitin in abut 120~150 wrds accrding t the instructins given belw in Chinese.
某校针对高一新生进行了“拓展课”（extensive curses）的问卷调查。下面是拓展课选课原因的比例分布图。请简要描述图表，并结合自己选课经历（1-2门拓展课），说明选择的原因。(注意：不要出现学校名字)
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【参考答案】
Recently, a survey n extensive curses has been made t find the reasns why students chse certain curses. And belw are the results.
As the chart shws, abut 50 percent students surveyed chse a certain curse in rder t develp their wn interest while 40 percent are t enlarge their knwledge. Less than 10 percent chse a curse with the aim f cnslidating their subject knwledge and preparing fr exams.
Frm my persnal experience, I can see why. I nce chse Rbt Prgramming as my extensive curse. That is because I have shwed interest in cmputer and rbts since in elementary schl. I hld the firm belief that interest is the best teacher, and my future career is sure t be cmbined with prgramming. Therefre, Rbt Prgramming became my extensive curse.
【思路点拨】
本文属于图表作文，要求对拓展课选课原因的调查结果进行描述，并且结合自身的经历说明其原因。
【精准解析】
1.词汇积累
旨在：in rder t→ with the aim f
对……感兴趣：be interested in→ shw interest in
小学：primary schl→ elementary schl
认为：believe→ hld the belief
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I nce chse Rbt Prgramming as my extensive curse. That is because I have shwed interest in cmputer and rbts since in elementary schl.
拓展句：The reasn why I nce chse Rbt Prgramming as my extensive curse is that I have shwed interest in cmputer and rbts since in elementary schl.
【名师指导】
[高分句型1] Recently, a survey n extensive curses has been made t find the reasns why students chse certain curses. (运用了why引导的定语从句)
[高分句型2] I hld the firm belief that interest is the best teacher, and my future career is sure t be cmbined with prgramming. (运用了that引导的同位语从句)
3.【2023届上海市卢湾高级中学高三下学期三模英语试题】
每年4月22日是世界地球日(Wrld Earth Day)。为积极响应世界地球日活动，你校学生会开展了宣传海报的评比活动。现已初评得出如下的前三名海报，并在全校范围评选最佳海报。写封邮件给你校学生会，内容须包括：
你选出的最佳海报及其简介;
你的理由。
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear student unin,
I like the secnd picture. Frm this picture, we can knw that riginally, the earth has a clear brk, green frest, and the blue sky. Ancient times, hw many pets praising the earth beautiful envirnment! But nw the earth is in bad cnditin. Fr example, in sme places, the air and water pllutin is s serius that it causes many deaths. At the same time, many animals and plants are in danger because f the destructin f their habitats.
I think this picture is a reminder f us t prtect ur earth. I hpe we human beings can realize the prblem. We shuld d smething gd fr the earth, such as cleaning up beaches and water, picking up rubbish, and give speeches t call n mre peple t take actin. Tday is Wrld Earth Day, and millins f peple have cntributed t prtecting the envirnment. But can we save the earth nly by ne day’s wrk? The future f ur planet depends n ur effrts. What we shuld d is t make every day Earth Day. Only by taking gd care f it every day can we hpe t live in harmny with nature. Therefre, I hpe this picture can be the best ne.
【解析】
【详解】1.词汇积累
干净的：clear→ clearn
同时：At the same time→ Meanwhile
照顾：take gd care f→ lk after
号召：call n→ call upn
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：At the same time, many animals and plants are in danger because f the destructin f their habitats.
拓展句：At the same time, many animals and plants are in danger because their habitats are destryed.
【点睛】【高分句型1】we can knw that riginally, the earth has a clear brk, green frest, the blue sky.（运用了that连接的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】We shuld d smething gd fr the earth, such as cleaning up beaches and water, picking up rubbish, and give speeches t call n mre peple t take actin.（运用了动名词短语并列作宾语）
A
2023届高三英语·二模·虹口——建议理由【图片】
Directins: Write an English cmpsitin in 120-150 wrds accrding t the instructins given belw in Chinese.
76. 每年的4月23日为世界读书日。上海市明启中学学生会为宣传该主题日，鼓励同学发掘阅读之乐，特向各个班级征集海报。现有两份海报脱颖而出，进入最后的角逐。假设你是王磊，请给学生会写一封邮件表达你的想法。你的邮件必须满足以下要求：
1. 简要描述你选择的海报；
2. 说明选择的理由。



Versin 1
Dear members f the Mingqi High Schl Student Cuncil,
I am writing t express my thughts n the tw psters that have been selected as finalists fr Wrld Bk Day n April 23rd. After careful cnsideratin, I have decided t chse the first pster fr its simple yet striking design.
The first pster features a silver wrld map with abstract muntains and rivers. At the left crner f the pst is glbe, frm where a paper airplane takes ff acrss the cntinents, symblizing the idea that reading can transprt us t new wrlds and elevate ur imaginatins. At the center, the message "Reading is an adventure that never ends" is prminently displayed, emphasizing the endless pssibilities that cme with explring literature. Additinally, a stack f three bks and a cup f tea in the lwer right crner adds a czy tuch, suggesting that reading can be a relaxing and enjyable escape.
I believe that this pster effectively captures the spirit f Wrld Bk Day by highlighting the thrill f reading and the universality f literature. Its design is visually appealing and thught-prvking, inspiring us t embark n extrardinary jurneys thrugh the pwer f bks. Furthermre, the inclusin f the paper airplane imagery adds an element f excitement and encurages us t take flight thrugh the wrld f reading.
Overall, I firmly believe that the first pster is the best chice fr prmting Wrld Bk Day. Its design and message are pwerful and inspiring, and it has the ptential t resnate with peple frm all walks f life. I wuld like t thank the student cuncil fr rganizing this event and fr prviding us with the pprtunity t celebrate the jy f reading.
Best regards,
Wang Lei
Versin 2
I am writing t share my thughts n the tw psters that were selected as finalists fr Wrld Bk Day. After much deliberatin, I have chsen the secnd pster as the mst effective tl fr prmting this imprtant day.
The secnd pster features a nine-grid layut, with the central message "Wrld Bk Day April 23" highlighted in bld, capitalized letters. T the left and right f the central message are tw prmpts that encurage readers t "READ in the dark with a flashlight" and "READ with yur family." The remaining six bxes are filled with specific suggestins fr different ways t enjy reading, including "READ t a friend n the phne," "READ n the subway," and "Visit the library and READ there."
I believe that the secnd pster is the best chice because it ffers a variety f ways fr peple t engage with bks and reading, and the clear, cncise messages make it accessible t everyne. The use f a nine-grid layut is visually appealing and draws the viewer's attentin t the central message, which emphasizes the imprtance f Wrld Bk Day. The specific suggestins fr different reading envirnments and scenaris demnstrate that reading can be enjyable and fulfilling in many different ways.
Furthermre, the inclusin f prmpts fr reading with thers highlights the scial aspect f reading, which can be a pwerful way t bring peple tgether and fster a sense f cmmunity. By encuraging readers t share their lve f bks with friends and family, this pster prmtes the idea that reading is nt just a slitary activity, but a way t cnnect with thers and build relatinships.
In summary, I believe that the secnd pster is the best chice fr prmting Wrld Bk Day. Its variety f messages and suggestins, alng with its visually appealing design, make it an effective tl fr encuraging peple t celebrate the jy f reading. Thank yu fr rganizing this event and fr yur effrts t prmte literacy and the lve f bks.
Best regards,
Wang Lei
B
【2023普陀区二模】
假设你是明启中学高三学生李明，最近学生会对本校全体学生进行了一项关于“博物馆免费开放政策”的问卷 调查，结果如下表所示，写一篇调查报告，内容须包括:
1)对调查结果的简单描述; 2)对数据的原因分析; 3)你的看法。
【审题】
这道题目属于经典的图表题，内容可以从历史角度切入。下文给大家附上每个段落的核心信息及历史角度的万能论点。
1
开头段：表明身份+描述背景+阐述数据
As a senir student at Mingqi High Schl, I recently participated in a survey cnducted by the Student Unin regarding the free admissin plicy fr museums applicable t all students in ur schl. The survey indicates that the majrity f students (67.86%) wuld cnsider visiting museums if they were free. Hwever, nly a small percentage f respndents (3.57%) stated that they wuld visit museums nly if they were free, while 28.57% f students expressed a neutral attitude n the tpic.
写作亮点：
（1）受访者：students / respndents/ participants
（2）数据表达：the majrity f students / nly a small percentage f students
（3）态度：supprt / ppse / hld a neutral attitude
There culd be several reasns behind these findings. Firstly, many students may have an interest in visiting museums but may nt have sufficient finances t cver the cst f admissin fees. Thus, free admissin plicies may encurage them t explre and learn mre abut varius cultural and histrical artefacts exhibited at museums. Secndly, sme students may nt find museums interesting and might prefer t engage in ther leisure activities with their time and mney. Lastly, sme students may nt be aware f the benefits f visiting museums, such as gaining knwledge and bradening their wrldview.
写作亮点：
（1）理由如下：there are three reasns accunting fr this phenmenn.
（2）切换观点的词：firstly/ secndly/ thirdly/ when it cmes t sth.
3
主体段：谈谈看法
In my pinin, museums play a crucial rle in educating sciety abut ur histry, culture, and traditins. By making museums accessible and affrdable, we can prvide equal pprtunities fr all students t learn and explre. I believe that the free admissin plicy fr museums can be particularly significant fr students frm lw-incme families wh might nt therwise have access t these valuable resurces.
写作思路：
谈看法的部分可以直接强调博物馆的重要性；也可以谈博物馆的管理问题；
In cnclusin, the survey results reveal that while many students wuld cnsider visiting museums if it was free, thers are indifferent r reluctant t visit them. It is essential fr schls and museums t cllabrate t increase awareness and prmte the imprtance f visiting museums. Furthermre, we shuld advcate fr mre free admissin plicies t encurage all individuals, regardless f their financial situatin, t explre and learn abut ur rich cultural heritage.
写作思路：
升华内容时，要保证切题，可以重申“博物馆”的重要性或了解历史的重要性。
拓展：学习历史的重要性
1.Enhances histrical awareness and understanding: Learning histry enables individuals t becme mre aware and understanding f the histrical events, perids, and peple that shape the wrld as we knw it tday. By studying histry, individuals can better understand the scial, ecnmic, plitical, and cultural factrs that have influenced past events and decisins.

2.Develps critical thinking skills: Histry requires critical thinking and analysis. T study histry effectively, individuals must evaluate multiple surces f infrmatin and draw cnclusins based n evidence. This practice helps develp skills such as analysis, reasning, interpretatin, and evaluatin.

3.Prmtes empathy and cmpassin: Studying histry prmtes empathy and cmpassin by allwing individuals t better understand the experiences and viewpints f thers. This can help individuals t relate t different cultures, religins, and identities and encurages a mre inclusive and tlerant sciety.

4.Builds a sense f identity and belnging:
Learning abut the histry f ne's wn culture, cmmunity, r place f rigin can help build a strnger sense f identity and belnging. Understanding the struggles, achievements, and cntributins f past generatins can help individuals feel a part f smething larger than themselves.

5.Helps infrm the future:
The study f histry prvides valuable insights int the past that can be used t infrm the future. By learning abut past mistakes, successes, and innvatins, individuals can make mre infrmed decisins abut their present and future actins. Histry als helps individuals understand patterns and trends in human behavir, which can be useful fr predicting and preparing fr future events.
1
博物馆免费情况下会考虑
67.86%
2
免费才去
3.57%
3
持无所谓态度
28.57%