高考英语二轮讲义-不定式（核心考点精讲精练）（全国通用）（学生版）

这是一份高考英语二轮讲义-不定式（核心考点精讲精练）（全国通用）（学生版），共13页。试卷主要包含了 高考真题考点分布， 命题规律及备考策略， 不定式的各种形式及其意义等内容，欢迎下载使用。
温馨提示：
本资料注重培优，集中强化重点，突破难度，规避易混易错点，练习全部是26年新模拟题）
1. 高考真题考点分布
2. 命题规律及备考策略
【命题规律】
近3年新高考卷对于动词不定式的考查共计12次，主要考查：
1．不定式作的句法功能（目的状语、定语、宾补、主语和宾语）；
2．不定式的一些固定搭配、固定句型；
3. 不定式的各种形式及其意义。
【备考策略】
1.系统归类不定式的用法;
2.熟练掌握不定式的各种形式的意义和用法，尤其是不定式作目的状语及其固定搭配、固定句型。
3.【命题预测】
预测2026年高考语法填空对不定式的考查仍然会成为的重点和难点，尤其是考查不定式的一些固定搭配、固定句型。
必备基础知识：
1.不定式的各种形式
2.不定式的句法功能：
①不定式作主语；②不定式作宾语；③不定式作宾语补足语；④不定式作定语；⑤不定式作状语；⑥独立主格结构中不定式。
考点一 不定式作定语
1. 表抽象意义的名词常被不定式修饰，如：chance, need, prmise, ability, way, pprtunity, right, attempt, plan, evidence等，常表同位关系。
1.In my everyday life, I am n an nging jurney t figure ut different ways ________（reduce）my carbn ftprint n the planet.
2．There are very few mments in ur lives where we have the privilege (witness) histry taking place.
2.名词或代词由序数词或最高级修饰，再被非谓语修饰时，一般用不定式作定语，表主谓关系。
1．（2026·广东省佛山市南海区南执高级中学高三阶段）The wman was Tu Yuyu, the first Chinese female scientist (award) a Nbel Prize fr her wrk.
2．As lng as yu chse the right persn (marry), yu will enjy happiness the whle life with r withut a wedding party.
1.（2025全国二卷）Grwing up, my family and ur neighbrs never used cltheslines t dry clthing. denying me the chance 62 (discver) ne f the great wnders f sunshine — the sweet “sunshine scent” after sunning clthes fr an entire day.
2.（2025浙江I月卷）Tanya’s shp ffers fashin clthes fr wmen 60 (rent) rather than purchase them utright, prviding a less expensive slutin t ne-time event dressing.
1．This is the glden pprtunity (explre) the custm t celebrate the Lantern Festival.
2．His attempt (slve) the puzzle was unsuccessful, but he enjyed the challenge.
3．The rule says that the last ne (leave) the ffice shuld remember (clse) the windws.
考点二 不定式作状语
1.动词不定式短语作目的状语，常用结构有：t d, s as t d, in rder t d
1．Yur cat will likely smell yur face and stre the smell in its memry and use it t (recgnitin) yu in the future.
2． (make) sme f my landscape shts, I have traveled up t fur hurs away t sht within a 10-minute time frame.
2.动词不定式短语作结果状语。①常用结构s/such…as t…(如此…以致…)enugh …t …(足够)nly t …(结果)never t…(结果再也没有) t… t…(太…而不能…)
She was s late as t miss half f the lecture.
她来得如此晚以至于错过了一半的演讲。
She is such a gd teacher as t be respected by all her students.
她是个如此好的老师，以至于受到她所有学生的尊敬。
The huse is large enugh t hld tw hundred peple.
这座房子足够大，可以容纳两百人。
②不定式作结果状语时多表示出乎意料的结果，其逻辑主语通常是句子的主语。作结果状语的不定式通常用一般式，为了表示强调可在不定式前加上nly。
I rushed t the statin, nly t find the train had already gne.
我匆忙赶到火车站，却发现火车已经开走了。
3.作原因状语
不定式与情感类形容词连用时，大多表示原因，用来作原因状语。这类形容词主要有：happy, kind, surprised, frightened, shcked, glad, delighted, disappinted等。
1)I am very happy t see yu again.
2)Yu will be disappinted t fail in the cllege entrance exams next year.
3)She was srry t have kept us waiting s lng.
4)She was happy t have been staying with her aunt.
5)He jumped with jy t see the nice Christmas presents.
4.动词不定式也可以跟在一些作表语的形容词easy, hard, difficult, pleasant, gd, fit, cmfrtable等后面作状语，构成“主语＋be＋形容词＋不定式”结构，在该结构中构成不定式的动词和句子的主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系，不定式通常用主动形式表示被动含义。另外需注意的是在该结构中，不定式中的动词必须是及物动词，若为不及物动词，则要在其后加上适当的介词，使之构成及物动词短语。
This bk is difficult t understand.
这本书很难懂。
The picture is pleasant t lk at.
这张画很好看。
1.（20224·新高考Ⅰ卷）The design features ten steel “sepals (萼片)” made f glass and aluminium (铝). These sepals pen n warm days 58 (give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air.
2．(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)Thse cultural elements have increased Stratfrd’s internatinal visibility, said Edmndsn, adding that visitrs walking thrugh the Birthplace Garden were ften amazed ___43___ (find)the cnnectin between the tw great writers.
1．Psychlgists use bth active and receptive interventins (make) ur mental health imprved.
2． (find) yur advantages and be cnfident, yu will have a full life.
3．Yesterday I went t see my gd friend, nly (learn) that she had gne abrad a week befre.
4．I am very prud and excited (display) the traditinal Chinese musical instrument in Cuba and cmmunicate with lcal musicians.
5．I’m surprised (knw) that we can keep flwers blming by remving the water with a prcess like air drying r pressing.
考点三 不定式作宾补
1.下列动词（短语）后跟带t的不定式作宾补
advise, allw, ask, beg, cause, encurage, expect, frbid, frce, get, intend, invite, rder, persuade,
prefer, require, teach, tell, want, wish, warn, remind, wait fr, call n, depend n等。
Our teacher encurages us t face difficulty bravely.我们老师鼓励我们勇敢地面对困难。
She asked me t answer the phne in her absence.她要我在她不在的时候接电话。
易错点：
1. 感官动词(短语)see, watch, bserve, lk at, ntice, hear, listen t, feel的宾语补足语主要有三种形式，试比较(以see为例)：
eq \a\vs4\al(see＋,宾语＋)eq \b\lc\{\rc\ (\a\vs4\al\c1(\b\lc\ \rc\}(\a\vs4\al\c1(ding sth看见……, 正在做某事,d sth 看见……, 做了某事))\a\vs4\al\c1(（宾语与宾语补足语,之间存在主动关系）),dne看见……被做（宾语与宾语补足语之, 间存在被动关系）))
① I heard her sing an English sng just nw.(主动，完成)
刚才我听见她唱了一首英文歌。
② I heard her singing an English sng when I passed by her rm yesterday.(主动，正在进行)
昨天经过她房间时，我听见她正在唱一首英文歌。
③ T learn English well, we shuld find pprtunities t hear English spken as much as pssible.(被动，无时间性)
为了学好英语，我们应该找机会尽可能多地听英语。
易错点：2 使役动词＋宾语＋宾补
eq \a\vs4\al((1)make＋,宾语＋)eq \b\lc\{\rc\ (\a\vs4\al\c1(d sth 让……做某事,（宾语与宾语补足语之间为主动关系）,dne让……被做,（宾语与宾语补足语之间为被动关系）))
eq \a\vs4\al((2)have＋,宾语＋)eq \b\lc\{\rc\ (\a\vs4\al\c1(\b\lc\ \rc\}(\a\vs4\al\c1(d sth 使……做某事,ding sth 使……持续, 做某事)) \a\vs4\al\c1(（宾语与宾语,补足语之间,存在主动关,系）),dne使……被做/遭受（宾语与宾语,补足语之间存在被动关系）))
注意：
(1)在以上省去t的不定式作宾补的结构中，若变为被动语态，需将省去的不定式符号t补出来。
He made his wrkers wrk 12 hurs a day.（主动）
→His wrkers were made t wrk 12 hurs a day.(被动)
他让他的工人们每天工作12个小时。
(2)have还可以用于“have sth t d/t be dne”结构中，其中have作“有”讲，用不定式作定语。
I have smething urgent t infrm yu.
（2022浙江卷）Thrugh tuch, the ne thing gallery signs tell yu nt __________ (d).
1．Neighbrs will bring me freshly made cheese and will cme t my dr t remind me (clse) the windw in my car when rain is cming.
2．Mre than admiring scenery, the mentr tld children (identify) rcks and sme plant species in the reserve.
3．Peple were pleased with Henry’s music and sngs and finally invited him (perfrm) n the stage.
考点四 不定式作表语
1.表示一般的概念时，不定式、动词­ing形式可以互换，而表示具体的、个别的动作或有将来含义时，一般用不定式。
③What she likes is watching/t watch children play.
她喜欢的事情就是看孩子们玩耍。
④ My wish is t becme a gd teacher.
我的愿望就是要当个好老师。
2.不定式作表语时，主语常是: duty, wrk, jb, task, wish, hpe, thing, gal, aim, prblem, questin, happiness, what, advice, idea…等：
1)Her duty is t lk after the ld leaders.
2)Their gal is t becme a develped district.
3)The prblem is where t build the dam.
●t 不定式作表语解释前面d时, t可省去:
1)Yesterday all we did was (t) clean the kitchen and the tilet.
2)What I wuld like t d tday is (t) have a gd sleep at hme.
3)The nly thing yu need t d nw is (t) fill in/up/ut the frm immediately.
4)All she wanted t d when she gt the first prize in the cntest was (t) say thanks t her teachers and parents.
I want t experience sme Chinese culture, but my main gal is (find) ut which university is the best fr me t attend.
1．Grup leader’s duty is (ensure) that all pupils in his grup understand and practice what the teacher has taught.
2．As students, ur first pririty is (imprve) ur learning capacity.
考点五 不定式作主语
\l "_Tc25045" 1.动词不定式直接作主语
①不定式（t + 动词原形）直接置于句首作主语，表示一次性的、具体的动作或将来的行为。
(change) bad habits is never easy, but as lng as yu persist, yu will succeed.
②【易错提醒】动词不定式作主语谓语用单数形式。
T lve and t be lved is the greatest happiness. 爱与被爱是最大的幸福。
\l "_Tc25045" 2.“疑问词+不定式”作主语
①“疑问词(what, hw…)+不定式” 结构可作主语，表达 “如何做 / 做什么” 等含义。
Hw t slve the prblem is still unknwn. 如何解决这个问题仍不清楚。
When t start the meeting has nt been decided. 会议何时开始尚未决定。
②【易错提醒】“疑问词+不定式”结构作主语谓语用单数形式；难点在于疑问词的选择。
What t d next depends n yur decisin. 接下来做什么取决于你的决定。
\l "_Tc25045" 3. It作形式主语不定式作真正主语
①当不定式作主语时，为避免句子头重脚轻，常用 it 作形式主语，将真正的主语（不定式）置于句末。常用于“It+be+形容词/名词(fr/f sb)+t d sth.”或It takes sb time t d sth.句型。
1．It’s gd (spend) time with my family, althugh it can get a bit bring in my hmetwn after a while.
2．It’s necessary (prmte) cultural and turism resurces with digital means, because intelligent transfrmatin f scenic spts brings newer experiences t turists and makes management mre efficient.
②当形容词描述人的品质（kind, clever, flish 等）时，用 f；当句中形容词描述动作特征时用fr。
It is imprtant fr us t prtect wild animals. 对我们而言，保护野生动物很重要。
It was flish f him t make such a mistake. 他犯这样的错误，太愚蠢了。
（2021全国甲卷）It is pssible __________ (walk) r bike the entire 14 kilmeters.
1．It is easier (avid) a discussin, but risking talking abut it may eventually lead t a better utcme.
2．There is n dubt that it is vital (have) a gd cmmand f sme knwledge f first aid.
3．S we think it is reasnable (assume) they lived in these caves, regardless f the cld.
考点六 不定式作宾语
1.不定式作宾语：下面这些词常接不定式作宾语：
like/lve/want/wish/hpe/expect/desire/hate/prefer/cntinue/manage/try/ask/beg/demand/affrd/ffer/fail/start/begin/frget/remember/prmise/mean/intend/attempt/decide/determine/learn/agree/chse/pretend/arrange t d…
1)We decide t study harder than ever befre.
2)Please remember t buy sme medicine fr the patient n yur way back hme.
2.it作形式宾语代不定式: find/think/cnsider/feel/make it + 形/名 + t 不定式: 发现/认为/使得做…是…
1)We find it necessary t master German and French.
2)I think it a pity t miss such a gd chance.
3)We feel/think it ur duty t make ur cuntry a better place.
4)New technlgies have made it pssible t prduce new prducts faster and at a lwer cst.
1.（2025全国一卷）We hpe (present)the rather abstract G game and AI in a visual cntext, and initiate dialgues with minimalist art, cnceptual art and expressinism.
2.（2024全国甲卷）Althugh parks f all sizes and types exist at any level, the natinal parks, in particular, tend ___________(catch) ur attentin because f their large size and variety.
1．Thse turists cannt wait enjy the lcal fd recmmended by the lcal guide.
2．Half f the students surveyed prefer (learn) English by watching English mvies.
3．Leaders f many cuntries have been trying (figure) ut what it is that makes China develp s fast.
4．We are seeking (find) a way t make us get alng well with the peple arund us.
（最新模拟试题演练）
1.（2026·湖北省高中名校联盟高三上学期第一次联合测评）Qu Yingpu, the bk’s publisher and editr- in- chief f China Daily, ntes that the stries “ignite (点燃) gdwill” fr a harmnius wrld, and “encurage peple t remember the past, and mre imprtantly, 65 (picture) a brighter future.”
2.（2026·辽宁省名校联盟高三上学期8月联考）When the cues that spark a habit are subtle r hidden, they are easy 61 (ignre).
3.（2026·四川省广安市广安三区联考高三上学期8月月考）A cutting-edge virtual carnival demnstrates hw enhanced reality technlgy transfrms athletic experiences, perating daily frm 7:00 am until 2:00 am 64 ( serve) diverse schedules.
4.（2026·河北省石家庄市正定县河北正定中学高三上学期开学）I enjyed being taken arund as Stephanie pinted ut this r that building, place r mnument and explained t me the bargaining prcess in the markets and shwed me where 38 (eat) a full meal fr nly a few dllars.
5.（2026·河南省部分学校高三上学期模拟考试（8月调研考））An expert in internatinal law mentined that it is difficult t get back China’s lst cultural items verseas because many f them were lst ver a lng time fr different reasns, and they are spread ut. He said it is essential 49 (make) a full list f these lst items and study where they came frm and hw they were mved.
6.（2026·湖南省高三阶段性检测（一））Singers use techniques like Ngala — vcal tremls (颤音) cpying wind r hrse gallps — 40 (create) unfrgettable, waving music.
7.（2026·湖南省长沙市雅礼中学高三上学期开学）He said it is essential 45 (make) a full list f these lst items and study where they came frm and hw they were mved.
8.（2026·山西省山西大学附属中学校等校高三上学期8月月考）We’ll have a chance 38 (see) sme f them shrtly — the Library Cave is nly a stne’s thrw frm here.
9.（2026·山西省怀仁市第一中学校高三上学期摸底）Her lver, Ahei, made every effrt 38 (save) her.
10.（2026·陕西省榆林市榆阳区陕西省榆林中学高三上学期开学）It is pssible 38 (walk) r bike the entire 14 kilmeters.
11.（2026·四川省巴中市普通高中高三上学期9月零诊）Anyne wh cannt bear the smell f the kitchen is unable 40 (put) up with the wrk f cmpilatin.
12.（2026·广东省湛江市湛江市八校联考高三上学期8月月考）The curse included 14 turns, hills, and uneven surfaces like railrad tracks. Many rbts faced difficulties — lw batteries caused sme t fall, while verheating frced technicians 41 (cl) dwn the rbts with water.
13.（2026·安徽省江淮十校高三上学期8月第一次联考）The academy has als launched virtual reality (VR) turs, which enable visitrs 44 (explre) the caves in an immersive and interactive way.
14.（2026·广东省（石门中学、南海中学、珠海一中等）部分学校高三上学期开学综合能力测试）The mst valuable tulips had lines f clr like fires. Rich businessmen cllected them 40 (shw) ff.
15.（2026·内蒙古部分学校高三上学期8月开学教学质量检测） 41 (tackle) these challenges, the publishing industry must shift frm merely prducing cntent t becming creatrs f a knwledge service ecsystem.
语法填空
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2026·广东省普宁市第一中学高三上学期第一次月考）
The Sad Zither is a famus seven-verse pem 1 (write)by Tang Dynasty pet Li Shangyin (813—858). Due t its rich imagery, the pem is regarded as ne f 2 (hard)pems t explain and translate.
In 3 beginning f the pem, the pet lks at his zither and recalls the death f his belved wife. The big number f strings, which might nt be the real number, is mentined 4 (shw) his feeling. With s many strings, his zither creates cmplicated tnes, 5 (suggest) the srrw and depressin the pet feels. The reality is s cruel that he wishes everything 6 happened was untrue. In this part, he uses fur Chinese ancient myths and legends: Zhuangzi, a philspher, dreams f being a butterfly and culdn’t distinguish dream 7 reality; the ancient emperr Wang becmes a cuck and always cries; mermaid’s tears becme pearl and vapr f jade frm Lantian Cunty can 8 (see)in the sunlight. The first three stries all create a sad atmsphere. Thugh the last legend describes a beautiful scene, it’s hard t reach, implicating the hpelessness.
Actually, the fur 9 (stry)he chse indicate Li’s dissatisfactin with his life.
In the end, the pet 10 (direct)expresses his pint. He wrte abut his regret tward the passing years and the helplessness f being unable t change anything, even if he was given the chance t live thse years again.
单句语法填空
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.【2024全国甲卷】Althugh parks f all sizes and types exist at any level, the natinal parks, in particular, tend ____41____（catch）ur attentin because f their large size and variety.
2.【2024新课标ⅠⅠ卷】Thse cultural elements have increased Stratfrd’s internatinal visibility, said Edmndsn, adding that visitrs walking thrugh the Birthplace Garden were ften amazed ___43___ (find)the cnnectin between the tw great writers.
3.【2024北京卷】 Slwing dwn can cntribute significantly t persnal grwth. Taking the time ___11___ (rest) allws us t develp a deeper sense f self-awareness.
5.【2024浙江1月卷】The shelves in mst supermarkets are full f family-size this and multi-buy that. Hwever, if yu’re shpping fr ne, buying extra ____36____ (benefit) frm price reductins desn’t make sense.
6.【2023年新高考全国Ⅰ卷】T eat ne, yu have t decide whether ____37____ (bite) a small hle in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), r t put the whle dumpling in yur muth, letting the ht sup explde n yur tngue.
7.【2023年新高考全国Ⅰ卷】Nanxiang aside, the best Xia lng ba have a fine skin, allwing them ____41____ (lift) ut f the steamer basket withut allwing them tearing r spilling any f their cntents.
8.【2023年全国甲卷】Fr thusands f years, peple have tld fables (寓言) ___41___ (teach) a lessn r t pass n wisdm
09.【2022新高考I卷】The plan will extend prtectin t a significant number f areas that were previusly unprtected, bringing many f the existing prtected areas fr giant pandas under ne authrity ___________ (increase)effectiveness and reduce incnsistencies in management.
10.【2022全国甲卷】A visually-challenged man frm Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days t Xi’an, as a first step ___________ (jurney) the Belt and Rad rute (路线) by ft.
11.【2022全国乙卷】__________ (strengthen)the cnnectin with yung peple, the event included a number f public prmtinal activities n scial media, inviting twenty-nine tea prfessinals frm arund the wrld t have thirty-six hurs f uninterrupted live bradcasts.
12.【2022年浙江卷1月】That apprach brught Cbb's air travel last year dwn by 75%, and she plans ____________（cntinue） the practice. "It has been fairly rewarding. ", she says, "a really psitive change."
13.【2022年新高考2卷】Eric wke up a little later when he heard children playing utside. He pushed a chair nt the balcny, and climbed up ___39___ (see) them.
14.【2022年北京卷】As Helen walked n, she heard a man charging twards her. Fearful that he might have an intentin ____12____ (harm) her, Helen started t run.
15.【2021全国甲卷】 It is pssible 3 (walk) r bike the entire 14 kilmeters.
16.【2021全国乙卷】Activities there range frm whale watching t hiking （远足） and accmmdatins aim 10 (have) a lw impact n the natural envirnment.
17.【2021.6 浙江卷】Mary's sister, Frances Tdd Wallace, ften came ver 8 (plant) flwers in the frnt yard.
考点
题型
动词不定式
年份
试卷类型
考点
考向
语法填空
2025
2025全国二卷
t discver
作定语
2025全国一卷
t present
作宾语
2025浙江I月卷
t rent
作定语
2024
2024·新课标I卷
t give
作宾语补足语
2024·新课标II卷
t find
作原因状语
2024·全国乙卷
/
/
2024·全国甲卷
t catch
作宾语
2024·年北京卷
t rest
固定搭配
2024·年浙江1月
t benefit
作目的状语
2023
2023·新课标I卷
t bite
作宾语
t be lifted
作宾语补足语
2023·新课标II卷
/
/
2023·全国乙卷
/
/
2023·全国甲卷
t teach
作目的状语
2023·年北京卷
t address
作目的状语
2022
2022·新课标I卷
t increase
作目的状语
2022·新课标II卷
t see
作目的状语
2022·全国乙卷
t strengthen
作目的状语
2022·全国甲卷
t jurney
作后置定语
2022·年北京卷
t harm
作后置定语
2022·年浙江1月
t cntinue
作宾语
种类
时态
主动形式及意义
被动形式及意义
不定式
一般式
t d 将要发生或发生在谓语动词的动作后
t be dne 被动、将来
进行式
t be ding 谓语发生时，不定式表示的动作正在进行或与谓语动词的动作同时发生
完成式
t have dne发生在谓语动词的动作之前
t have been dne被动、发生在谓语动词的动作之前