Unit 6 Living with nature2.Developing ideas （同步课件）外研版八年级英语下册

1 Later, people learnt to use different natural materials for energy...后来，人们学会了利用不同的天然材料获取能源……（教材P89） material /məˈtɪəriəl/ n.材料 常指用于制作某物的原料或材料。 The material used to build the house is very durable. 建造这个房子用的材料非常耐用。 What’s more, bamboo can be made into a kind of material for clothes. 此外，竹子还可以被制成一种 服装材料。2 Mike and his dad spend a day in the desert using only solar energy.迈克和他的爸爸在沙漠中度过了仅使用太阳能的一天。（教材P89） desert /ˈdezət/ n.沙漠，荒漠 in the desert 在沙漠中 Local people plant suosuo trees, a plant that can survive in the desert, to prevent further desertification. 当地人种植能在沙漠中存活的梭梭树，以防止进一步 的沙漠化。 desert的形近词dessert[名词]甜品；甜食 What are we having for dessert?我们吃什么甜点？3 What’s the environment around it?它周围的生态环境如何？（教材P91） environment /ɪnˈvaɪrənmənt/ n.生态环境 此处指“自然环境”，其前常加定冠词the。 Man should fit in with and make good use of the environment.人类应当适应环境并善用环境。 In order to protect the environment, many people choose to go to work by subway.为了保护环境，许多 人选择乘坐地铁去上班。 （1）还可指“客观环境（常指学习环境、家庭环境等）”。 This story tells us a good educational environment is very important for children. 这个故事告诉我们，良好 的教育环境对孩子来说非常重要。（2） environmental［形容词］（有关）环境的environmental protection环境保护 She was most famous for her books about environmental protection. 她最为人所知的是她所著的 关于环境保护的书籍。4 ①You probably remember the Flaming Mountains from Journey to the West.你可能还记得《西游记》中的火焰山。（教材P92）②They are in Turpan, in the east of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region.它们位于新疆维吾尔自治区东部的吐鲁番。（教材P92） 表示推测。常用于肯定句中，位于助动词、情态动词或系动词be之后，实义动词之前。 It will probably rain tomorrow. 明天很可能会下雨。 I was probably even more nervous than you were!我 可能比你还要紧张！ probably /ˈprɒbəbli/ adv.很可能，大概→近义词为possibly/likely/maybe west /west/ n.西部 It’s raining in the west of the city.这座城市的西边正 在下雨。#1probable[形容词]很可能的 It is probable that we will win.我们很可能会赢。 （1）[名词]西，西方 The trade from China to the West helped to spread the popularity of tea.从中国到西方的贸易助力推动了茶 叶的普及。 East or west, home is best.金窝银窝，不如自己的草 窝。#1.1.2（2）[形容词]向西的；西部的用于名词前作定语。 Jenny lives in the west part of the town.珍妮住在镇 子的西边。（3）[副词]向西；朝西 They went west towards California.他们向西朝着加利 福尼亚去了。 western［形容词］西方的；向西的；西部的表示“西方（国家）的”时,首字母常大写。 Western people eat with knives and forks while Chinese people use chopsticks. 西方人用刀叉吃饭， 而中国人用筷子。 east /i:st/ n.东部in the east of 在……的东部（内部）on the east of 在……的东部（外部,接壤）to the east of 在……的东部（外部,不接壤） Shandong is in the east of China.山东在中国的东部。 （内部） Jiangxi Province is on the east of Hunan Province.江 西省在湖南省的东边。（江西和湖南接壤） Fujian Province is to the east of Hunan Province.福 建省在湖南省的东边。（福建和湖南不接壤） （1）[名词]东；东方 He turned and walked away towards the east.他转身 往东走去。（2）［形容词］东方的；东部的 I don’t know the east coast well.我不太熟悉东海岸。（3）［副词］向东；朝东 The plane flew east.飞机向东飞了。表示方位的词：[注：这几个词均可作名词、形容词或副词。]5 That’s enough to make your feet burn! It may sound crazy...这足以让你的脚感到灼热！听起来可能很疯狂……（教材P92） crazy /ˈkreɪzi/ adj.疯狂的 可作定语或表语。 What a crazy idea!这个想法真疯狂！（作定语） You must be crazy to say that to your boss.你对老板 说那种话，一定是疯了。（作表语）#1.2 ［形容词］热衷的，狂热的be crazy about=be mad about对……着迷；热衷于…… Meng Xiang was crazy about films and music during his childhood.孟翔在童年时期痴迷于电影和音乐。 6 How do people survive in such a terrible climate?人们是如何在如此恶劣的气候条件下生存的？（教材P92） survive /səˈvaɪv/ v.活下来；幸存 survive sth.在……中幸免于难，在……中幸存 Did anyone survive the earthquake？有人在地震中活 下来吗？（作及物动词） Red squirrels depend on their thicker winter fur and food hidden in autumn to survive.红松鼠依靠它们更为 厚实的冬季皮毛和在秋季储存的食物来生存。（作不及 物动词）#1.2 survivor［名词］幸存者 There were no survivors of the plane crash.这场飞机 失事中没有幸存者。#1.3.17 Under these wells are large underground canals.这些井下面是宽阔的地下运河。（教材P92） underground /ˈʌndəɡraʊnd/ adj.地（面）下的 由“under-（前缀）+ground（n.地面）”构成。 A new underground mall is being built there.那边正在 建一个新的地下商场。 ［名词］地铁为英式英语,美式英语中用subway。 My father often goes to work by underground/subway.=My father often takes the underground/subway to work.我爸爸经常乘地铁去上班。8 That’s nearly as long as the Yellow River!那几乎与黄河一样长!（教材P93） as long as 和……一样长 属于as...as...结构。 Most lanternfish are just as long as your fingers.大多 数灯笼鱼只有你的手指那么长。 （1）只要 引导条件状语从句。当主句为一般将来时或主句谓语含有情态动词时，其引导的条件状语从句常用一般现在时表将来。 As long as you drive carefully, you. .will be very safe. 你只要小心开车，就会很安全。 You can go out to play as long as you stay in the backyard. 你可以出去玩，只要不出后院。#1.2.2（2）长达；长达……之久 Keep going for as long as possible.能坚持多久就坚持 多久。#1.3.19 And amazingly, all of this was completed with only hand tools!令人惊讶的是，所有这些都是仅用手工工具完成的！（教材P93） amazingly /əˈmeɪzɪŋli/ adv.惊人地；了不起地 由“amazing（adj.惊人的）+ -ly（副词后缀）”构成。 Amazingly, the book traveled all the way abroad and ended up in Germany.令人惊讶的是，这本书一路传到 了国外，最后到了德国。 amazed adj.大为惊奇的 amaze v.使惊奇 amazing adj.惊人的#1.2【语境串记】She was amazed when she saw the small village. Its clean fields and simple houses can amaze visitors. The village is an amazing example of living in harmony with nature, and it looks amazingly peaceful. 她看到那个小村庄时大为惊奇。整洁的田地和简单的房屋能让游客感到惊讶。这个村庄是人与自然和谐共生的一个绝佳例子，它看起来宁静得令人惊叹。#1.3.110 No wonder it’s among the top three projects of ancient China. 难怪它是中国古代的三大工程之一。（教材P93） among /əˈmʌŋ/ prep.在……（人员）中，是……之一 ［介词］用于三者或三者以上的情况。 Among the three actors, Mr. Black is the most humorous.这三个演员中，布莱克先生最幽默。 Thanks to cooperation at many levels, China had the biggest increase in forest area among all countries in 2024.得益于多层面的合作，中国在2024年的森林面积 增幅居全球之首。 among与between#2【特别提醒】表示“三个或三个以上的人或物的两两之间”，应用between，而不用among。 Don’t eat snacks between meals. 三餐之间不要吃零食。典例 根据句意及首字母提示补全单词。A _____ the four great classical Chinese novels，my favourite is Journey to the West.mong11 There is less water from the mountains, lower rainfall and a large increase in water use.来自山区的供水减少，降水量减少，而用水量却大幅增加。（教材P93） increase /ˈɪnkri:s/ n. 增加，增多；增长 During Guyu, the temperature usually rises a lot and rain increases.谷雨期间，气温通常会大幅回升，降雨量 也会增加。 They expect a sharp increase in the number of bike riders.他们预计骑自行车的人数会急剧增加。 ［动词］增长；增多；增加 此时读音为/ɪnˈkri:s/。increase by增长了（后接百分比或倍数）increase to增长到（后接具体数字） We need to increase productivity.我们需要提高生产力。 The hit of this video increased to 2 million. Compared with yesterday, it increased by 10%.这个 视频的点击量增加到了200万，与昨天相比，增加了10%。典例 China has made great achievements in protecting pandas. The number of wild pandas has ___ a lot.BA. helpedB. increasedC. protected[解析] 句意：中国在保护大熊猫方面取得了巨大成就。野生大熊猫的数量增加了很多。根据“China has made great achievements in protecting pandas”并结合空前的“The number of”可知，此处表示野生大熊猫的数量增加。故选B。