高考英语一轮-句子成分（专项训练）（全国通用）（教师版）

这是一份高考英语一轮-句子成分（专项训练）（全国通用）（教师版），共24页。
TOC \ "1-2" \h \u \l "_Tc17943" 01 课标达标练
\l "_Tc16505" 考向01 考查主语
\l "_Tc1965" 考向02 考查谓语
\l "_Tc1965" 考向03 考查宾语
\l "_Tc1965" 考向04 考查定语
\l "_Tc1965" 考向05 考查表语
\l "_Tc1965" 考向06 考查补语、状语、同位语、插入语
\l "_Tc20184" 02 核心突破练
\l "_Tc5699" 03 真题溯源练
考向01 考查主语
在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的适当形式。
1.（2025·福建厦门·模拟预测）If n actins are taken, the regin will face the threat f being buried by sand as n __________ (defend) can stp the advancing deserts and repetitive strng sandstrms.
【答案】defense
【解析】考查名词。句意：如果不采取行动，该地区将面临被沙子掩埋的威胁，因为没有任何防御措施可以阻止沙漠的前进和反复的强沙尘暴。此处作从句的主语，表示“防御”，应用名词defense，故填defense。
2.（2025·江西南昌·一模） One f the great __________ (strength) f the study is that it includes peple with very different levels f fitness and health.
【答案】strengths
【解析】考查名词的数。句意：这项研究的一大优势在于，它包括了健身和健康水平非常不同的人，这意味着每个人，无论他们是运动健将还是不爱运动，都可以从强度降低死亡率的知识中受益。“ne f +可数名词复数”表示“……之一”，所以strength应用复数形式，故填strengths。
__________ (decrate) hmes with red lanterns and cuplets adds a vivid and warm tuch t the Spring Festival atmsphere.
【答案】Decrating
【解析】考查动名词。句意：用红灯笼和对联装饰房屋为春节氛围增添了生动而温暖的感觉。“(decrate) hmes with red lanterns and cuplets”在句中作主语，用动名词decrating作主语；句首单词首字母大写。故填Decrating。
There has been a clse （assciate） between these tw cmpanies.
【答案】assciatin
【解析】考查名词。句意：这两家公司之间一直有密切的联系。设空处在不定冠词a后，应填名词形式，动词assciate的名词为assciatin，作there be结构中的主语。故填assciatin。
The newcmer’s __ (fail) t wrk ut the technical prblem didn’t make her lse heart.
【答案】failure/failing
【解析】考查名词或动名词。句意：新来者未能解决技术问题并没有让她灰心。分析句子结构可知，此处是名词所有格newcmer’s修饰的名词位置，因此需要用名词failure作主语。也可以是“名词’s+ding”动名词复合结构作主语，用动名词failing。故填failure/failing。
6．It is cnvenient fr us __________ (cllect)infrmatin related t the new prgramme nline.
【答案】t cllect
【解析】考查非谓语动词作真正的主语。句意：我们在网上收集与这个新程序相关的信息是很方便的。此处为固定句型“It is + adj. + fr sb. + t d sth”，其中 It 为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式短语，所以设空处应填动词不定式 t cllect。故填t cllect。
7． we release that inner pwer fr success is what we need t learn.
【答案】Hw
【解析】考查主语从句。句意：我们需要学习的是如何释放内心的力量来获得成功。“______ we release that inner pwer fr success”是主语从句，表示“如何释放内心的力量来获得成功”，空格处意为“如何”，用hw引导主语从句，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Hw。
8．There is n dubt that __________ (hnest) and willingness t help thers are why we becme charming.
【答案】hnesty
【解析】考查名词作主语。句意：毫无疑问，诚实和乐于助人的意愿是我们之所以变得有魅力的原因。分析句子结构可知，此空应填名词作主语，hnesty，表“诚实”，为不可数名词，符合语境。故填hnesty。
9． (spend) time tgether in the garden can be a great way t exercise and have fun with yur pet.
【答案】Spending
【解析】考查非谓语动词作主语。句意：在花园里一起度过时光是一种很好的锻炼方式，同时也能和你的宠物一起享受乐趣。句中已有谓语can be且此处与谓语之间无连词连接，故设空处为非谓语动词；句中缺少主语，用动名词。设空处位于句首首字母需大写。故填Spending。
10． (learn) English is t have mre pprtunities in the future.
【答案】T learn
【解析】考查非谓语动词作主语。句意：学习英语是为了在未来拥有更多机会。动词不定式作主语，和表语t have构成平衡结构。故填T learn。
考向02 考查谓语
在空白处填入括号内单词的适当形式。
1.（2025·辽宁大连·期末）In summary, China’s museum bm (characterize) by a surge in visitrs, widespread use f new technlgy and media, deepening scial functins, and the nging develpment f strategies t address emerging challenges.
【答案】is characterized
【解析】考查动词时态和语态。句意：总之，中国博物馆繁荣的特点是游客激增，新技术和媒体的广泛使用，社会功能的深化，以及应对新挑战的战略的不断发展。characterize作本句谓语，根据空后的by可知，用被动语态，描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语China’s museum bm为第三人称单数。故填is characterized。
2.（2025·江西南昌·一模）Higher intensity physical activity ___ (find) t be assciated with lwer risk f an early death frm all causes, but the difference is mst nticeable when it cmes t cardivascular disease.
【答案】is fund
【解析】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：研究发现，高强度的体育活动与各种原因导致的早死风险较低有关，但这种差异在心血管疾病方面最为明显。设空处为谓语，描述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语Higher intensity physical activity和谓语之间是被动语态，主语单数，谓语第三人称单数，故填is fund。
3.（2025·福建泉州·模拟预测）All the pictures (take) last year, when phtgraphers frm the area embarked n a remarkable jurney spanning mre than 5,000 kilmeters.
【答案】were taken
【解析】考查时态语态及主谓一致。句意：所有的照片都是去年拍摄的，当时来自该地区的摄影师们开启了一段跨越5000多公里的非凡旅程。根据时间状语last year可知，此处应用一般过去时，主语All the pictures与动词take之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，主语是复数，be动词用were。故填were taken。
4.（2025高三上·安徽合肥·阶段练习）She ___ (cnvince) that the caves’ scial imprtance far utweighed their ecnmic ptential and that scientific prtectin was the key t their survival.
【答案】was cnvinced
【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：她深信这些石窟的社会重要性远远超过其经济潜力，并且科学保护是其生存的关键。根据句意及上下文时态可知，此处应用一般过去时，与主语She为被动关系，be动词用过去式was。故填was cnvinced。
5.（2025·广东深圳·二模）Many f thse in attendance had been interviewed previusly by the filmmakers. Mst were senirs, but there were als sme with yung children, and even a few wh (fly) in frm Australia.
【答案】flew
【解析】考查时态。句意：大多数是老年人，但也有一些人带着年幼的孩子，甚至还有一些人从澳大利亚飞来。空格处是谓语，句子描述过去的事情，时态是一般过去时，空格处用过去式，故填flew。
6.（2025·山东济南·一模）Chen Xin, the chief rganizer f the 2024 Lndn Chinese Cuisine Internatinal Develpment Cnventin, (emphasize) that Lndn was becming a true glbal centre f Chinese cuisine, staying true t ne single missin-- prviding Chinese custmers with a taste f hme and shwcasing the depth f Chinese culinary culture t internatinal diners.
【答案】emphasized
【解析】考查动词。句意：陈新，2024年伦敦中国菜国际发展大会的首席组织者，强调伦敦正在成为真正的中国菜全球中心，始终忠于一个使命——为中国顾客提供家乡的味道，并向国际食客展示中国烹饪文化的深度。陈述过去的动作，用一般过去时，设空处需要动词的过去式作谓语。故填emphasized。
7.（2025高三上·安徽阜阳·期中）Recently, the curse (attract) 130 internatinal students, including thse frm Britain, France, Canada, Australia, Japan and Singapre.
【答案】 has attracted
【解析】考查时态。句意：最近，该课程吸引了130名国际学生，其中包括来自英国、法国、加拿大、澳大利亚、日本和新加坡的学生。根据时间状语“Recently”可知，这里应用现在完成时。主语this curse为单数，谓语用单数形式。故填has attracted。
8.（2025高三下·广东深圳·阶段练习）In the past, Chinese animatin (see) as prducts fr a yunger audience, with technical standards and narrative abilities which struggled t match with Hllywd r Japanese animatin.
【答案】was seen
【解析】考查动词时态语态。句意：在过去，中国动画被视为面向年轻观众的产品，其技术标准和叙事能力难以与好莱坞或日本动画相媲美。空处为句子的谓语动词，根据时间状语In the past可知，句子应用一般过去时，主语Chinese animatin和动词see之间为被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为单数，be动词用was。故填was seen。
9.（2025·湖南·模拟）S far, frm swiftly flwing river valleys t mist-cvered muntains, dense frests and steep cliffs, wherever there is water and sil, terraces (dig).
【答案】have been dug
【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：到目前为止，从湍急的河谷到薄雾笼罩的山脉、茂密的森林和陡峭的悬崖，无论哪里有水和土壤，都可以挖出梯田。此处作谓语动词，主语为terraces，复数，主语terraces与dig之间为被动关系，且时间状语为s far，故应用现在完成时，故填have been dug。
10.（2025·四川成都·模拟）Li Qun, directr f the Natinal Cultural Heritage Administratin,________(say) in the pening ceremny that Chinese cave temples displayed remarkable characteristics in terms f their subject matter, and artistic style, which reflected the peaceful nature f Chinese civilizatin.
【答案】said
【解析】考查时态。句意：国家文物局局长李群在开幕式上表示，中国石窟寺在主题和艺术风格方面表现出显著的特点，反映了中国文明的和平本质。分析句子可知，空处作句子的谓语，结合从句时态推断此处在叙述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时。故填said。
考向03 考查宾语
在空白处填入括号内单词的适当形式。
1.（2025·江苏常州·一模）The practice culd enhance the verall (effective) f the nurishment.
【答案】effectiveness
【解析】考查名词。句意：这种做法可以提高营养的整体有效性。设空处为名词作宾语，“effective” 的名词形式是“effectiveness”，表示“效果”，故填effectiveness。
2.（24-25高三下·江苏盐城·阶段练习） But what makes this Asian renaissance? The answer lies in a unique blend f visinary leadership, ecnmic grwth and a culture f discipline and __ (reslve).
【答案】reslutin
【解析】考查名词。句意：答案在于有远见的领导、经济增长以及纪律和决心的文化的独特结合。空处与discipline构成并列关系，需用名词形式，所给词reslve为动词，其名词形式为reslutin，意为“决心”。故填reslutin。
3.（24-25高三上·江苏·阶段练习）But what makes this Asian renaissance? The answer lies in a unique blend f visinary leadership, ecnmic grwth and a culture f discipline and_________ (persevere).
【答案】perseverance
【解析】考查名词。句意：答案在于有远见的领导、经济增长以及自律和坚持不懈的文化之间的独特结合。空处与discipline构成并列关系，需用名词形式，所给词persevere为动词，其名词形式为perseverance，意为“坚持不懈”。故填perseverance。
4.（2025·全国·模拟预测） Hunan Cuisine, n the ther hand, is famus fr its bld and burning flavrs, which features the (cmbine) f fresh chilies (辣椒) and garlic t create a pwerful and intense spicy taste.
【答案】cmbinatin
【解析】考查名词。句意：另一方面，湘菜以其大胆和辛辣的口味而闻名，它的特点是将新鲜的辣椒和大蒜结合在一起，创造出强烈的辛辣味道。根据the和f fresh chilies (辣椒) and garlic可知，空处应用名词cmbinatin(不可数)，作宾语。故填cmbinatin。
5.（24-25高三上·福建福州·期中）One success f his wrk, which beat ut ver 48,000 (entry) frm 100 cuntries, made him the first Chinese phtgrapher t receive the title f wildlife phtgrapher f the year in 2019.
【答案】 entries
【解析】考查名词。句意：他的作品击败了来自100个国家的4.8万多名参赛作品，使他成为2019年第一个获得年度野生动物摄影师称号的中国摄影师。entry“参赛作品”为可数名词，结合ver 48,000可知，此处用名词复数形式entries。故填entries。
6.（2025·福建莆田·二模）Smart wearable devices have undergne a transfrmative jurney, evlving frm niche gadgets t integral (cmpanin) in mdern life.
【答案】cmpanins
【解析】考查名词的数。句意：智能可穿戴设备经历了一段变革之旅，从小众产品发展成为现代生活中不可或缺的伴侣。从niche gadgets（小众小工具）到现代生活中不可或缺的伙伴，这里用复数cmpanins表示“伙伴”，作宾语。故填cmpanins。
7.（24-25高三下·海南省直辖县级单位·开学考试）Tanya’s shp ffers fashin clthes fr wmen t rent rather than purchase them utright, prviding a less expensive (slve) t ne-time event dressing.
【答案】slutin
【解析】考查名词。句意同上。空处需填名词作宾语，不定冠词a修饰单数可数名词。故填slutin。
8.（24-25高三上·福建莆田·期末）Every Octber, it is the harvest seasn fr pmel, a time when merchants flck t Duli Twn t purchase the fruit. Mst f these __ (merchant) are regular buyers.
【答案】merchants
【解析】考查名词复数。句意：这些商家大多是常客。此处作宾语，merchant“商人”为可数名词，空前有these修饰，应用名词复数形式。故填merchants。
9.（24-25高三上·重庆·开学考试）“Yu can use timeless pieces as a handsme __ (fund) fr many aesthetic (美学的) languages,” Bush says.
【答案】fundatin
【解析】考查名词。句意：布什说：“你可以用永恒的作品作为许多美学语言的漂亮基础。”作介词的宾语，应用名词fundatin，不定冠词提示用单数。故填fundatin。
10.（2025·山东潍坊·一模） It als makes pssible the ___ （integrate）f the rich resurces int the field f educatin, giving full play t their rles f preserving histry and educating peple.
【答案】integratin
【解析】考查名词。句意：它也使这些丰富资源融入教育领域成为可能，充分发挥它们在保存历史和教育人民方面的作用。integratin意为“融合”，空处需填其名词形式integratin作make的宾语。故填integratin。
考向04 考查表语
在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的适当形式。
1．The film star was (anny) t knw that his sn was still addicted t drugs.
【答案】annyed
【解析】考查形容词。句意：这位电影明星听说他的儿子仍然吸毒而感到恼火。分析句子可知，设空处应填形容词作表语。结合句意“感到恼火”是annyed，以ed结尾的形容词通常修饰人。故填annyed。
2．It was t (fg) t drive anywhere, s they had t stp t have a rest at hme.
【答案】fggy
【解析】考查形容词。句意：雾太大，不能开车去任何地方，所以他们不得不在家停下来休息。分析句子可知，设空处应填形容词作表语，再结合句意“有雾的”是fggy。故填fggy。
3．As time becmes (limit) and schl wrk begins t pile up, many students start t feel much stressed.
【答案】limited
【解析】考查形容词。句意：随着时间变得有限，学校作业开始堆积，许多学生开始感到压力很大。设空处接在系动词becme后，应用形容词作表语，表示有限的，故填limited。
4．I'm delighted t receive yur invitatin and I'm s (hnr) t serve as yur guide t the lcal bi-park.
【答案】hnred
【解析】考查形容词。句意：我很高兴收到你的邀请，我很荣幸能作为你的导游去当地的生物公园。设空处接在be动词后，应用形容词作表语，表示“荣幸的”，故填hnred。
5．This annual activity is always tiring but (reward), s I sincerely invite yu t g with us.
【答案】rewarding
【解析】考查形容词。句意：这项年度活动总是很累但很有意义，所以我真诚地邀请你和我们一起去。此处为形容词作表语，根据空前的but可知，空处与tiring并列，应用reward的形容词形式rewarding，意为“有意义的，值得的”。故填rewarding。
6．We will see ur Chinese enterprises becming mre and mre (cmpete) internatinally, and ur mtherland getting strnger than ever befre.
【答案】cmpetitive
【解析】考查形容词。句意：我们将看到我们的中国企业在国际上变得越来越有竞争力，我们的祖国变得比以往任何时候都强大。设空处接在系动词后，应用形容词比较级作表语，表示“有竞争力的”，故填cmpetitive。
7．I am cnvinced that the exhibitin is sure t be (impress) and yu will be deeply mved by their devtin and selflessness.
【答案】impressive
【解析】考查形容词。句意：我坚信这次展览一定会令人印象深刻，您也会被他们的奉献精神和无私品质深深打动。空处用形容词作表语，表示“令人印象深刻的”用impressive。故填impressive。
8．I received yur message abut the difficulties yu’re facing in yur studies, and I truly understand hw (challenge) it can be.
【答案】challenging
【解析】考查形容词。句意：我收到了你关于你在学习中面临的困难的信息，我真正理解这是多么具有挑战性。在从句中作表语，修饰“在学习中面临困难”这件事，用形容词challenging，故填challenging。
9．I’m (delight) t hear abut yur plan t launch an English reading activity. Here are my suggestins.
【答案】delighted
【解析】考查形容词。句意：听说你计划开展英语阅读活动，我很高兴。以下是我的建议。空处应填形容词作表语，delighted“高兴的”，形容词，故填delighted。
10．What’s mre, we are (create) and can keep up with mdern science and technlgy.
【答案】creative
【解析】考查形容词。句意：此外，我们富有创造力，能够跟上现代科学技术的发展。are是系动词，后面需接形容词creative“富有创造力的”作表语，故填creative。
考向05 考查补语、状语、同位语、插入语
在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的适当形式。
1．With the demand frm whlesalers (grw) rapidly, the cuple are cnstantly busy imprving their prducts.
【答案】grwing
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：由于批发商的需求增长迅速，这对夫妇一直在不断努力改进他们的产品。此处grw与demand构成主动关系，故用现在分词作宾补。故填grwing。
2．My sn will turn 15 next week. I want t give him smething special, but I have n idea I shuld buy.
【答案】what
【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：我儿子下周就15岁了。我想给他一些特别的东西，但我不知道该买什么。设空处引导同位语从句，解释“idea”的内容，从句中缺少宾语，且指代“买的东西”，因此应用what引导该从句，what在从句中作宾语。故填what。
3．As yu start t make plans fr what yu want t d with yur future, yu might ask yurself a questin yu shuld start yur wn business.
【答案】whether
【解析】考查同位语从句。句意：当你开始为自己的未来做计划时，你可能会问自己一个问题：你是否应该自己创业。空处引导同位语从句，解释说明名词questin的具体内容；此处表示“是否”，应用whether引导该从句。故填whether
4．Yu shuld pen up yur mind t the fact language represents a cultural wrld view.
【答案】that
【解析】考查同位语从句连接词。句意：你应该敞开心扉接受语言代表一种文化世界观这一事实。分析句子可知，设空处引导同位语从句，对名词the fact进行解释说明，从句中不缺少成分且句意完整，因此应用that引导该同位语从句，that在从句中只起连接作用，无实际意义。故填that。
5． (cnclude), we have full cnfidence in an even brighter future f Asia. Let’s wrk tgether t make it a reality.
【答案】T cnclude
【解析】考查固定短语。句意：总之，我们对亚洲更加光明的未来充满信心。让我们共同努力，将其实现。结合句意，此处需要使用结论性的引导词，根据提示词cnclude可知，此处应为固定短语t cnclude意为“总之”，位于句首，t的首字母需大写。故填T cnclude。
6．It can easily be seen that the percentage f students wh chse listening t English sngs and watching English mvies is (respective) 65% and 50%.
【答案】respectively
【解析】考查副词。句意：可以看出，选择听英文歌曲和看英文电影的学生比例分别是65%和50%。本空修饰后面的数值65% and 50%，作状语，用副词respectively“分别地”。故填respectively。
7． （be）hnest, I was surprised he knew where I was—I mved s ften.
【答案】T be
【解析】考查固定短语。句意：老实说，我很惊讶他竟然知道我住在哪里，因为我经常搬家。t be hnest意为“老实说，实话说”，故填T be。
8． ____ (frank) speaking, he is nt the suitable leader fr the team.
【答案】Frankly
【解析】考查固定短语。句意：坦率地说，他不是这个团队合适的领导者。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定短语“frankly speaking”，意为“坦率地说”，故空格处应用“frank”的副词形式“frankly”，句首单词首字母大写。故填Frankly。
9．It scared me t see a whale (attack) by a pack f abut six ther killers at that time.
【答案】being attacked
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意： 看到一只鲸鱼被另外六只杀手鲸攻击，我吓了一跳。分析句子，see sb. ding为固定用法，表示“看见某人正在做某事”，该空所给动词attack(攻击)在句中作see的宾语a whale 的补足语，被动关系，应使用现在分词的被动式，see sb.being dne 结构表示“看到……正在被……”。故填being attacked。
10．Nw it is hme t (apprximate) 300 flk huses,20 temples and ancestral halls, and 10 pera stages.
【答案】apprximately
【解析】考查副词。句意：现在这里有大约300座民宅，20座寺庙和祠堂，以及10个戏台。设空处修饰后面的数词作状语，应用副词形式，表示“大约”，故填apprximately。
11.Thank yu s much fr yur call and keep me (infrm) in terms f what yu’re ding.
【答案】infrmed
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：非常感谢您的来电，希望您一切顺利，并请随时告知我您目前的进展情况。“keep+宾语+宾语补足语”为固定搭配，空处需填非谓语动词，动词infrm与其逻辑主语me之间为动宾关系，故应用过去分词形式作宾语补足语。故填infrmed。
12．It is a great relief that he has been admitted t his ideal university, (majr) in civil engineering.
【答案】majring
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：令人欣慰的是，他被自己理想的大学录取了，主修土木工程专业。that he has been admitted t his ideal university, ______in civil engineering是that引导的主语从句，he是主语，has been admitted是谓语动词，括号内给的是动词，但空前无并列连词，该动词要变为非谓语动词形式。由于 ______in civil engineering作主语补足语，对主语he作补充说明，它们是逻辑上的主谓关系，即“他主修土木工程专业”，要用现在分词形式，直接在majr的词尾加-ing。故填majring。
题型 阅读理解
Passage 1（2026届江苏省如皋中学高三试题）
I knew it was ging t be a bad firewrks seasn this year when I saw s many different tents selling them t the public. I was right. The bangs and bms (噼啪声) started befre the first f January and lasted way past the furth. I have never been a big fan f firewrks since I was a by. It was then that a lcal fair set ff a huge shw near ur huse and I saw hw the nise terrified ur dgs. I sat n the flr with them during the whle shw, hlding their shaking bdies.
I knw a lt f peple enjy the clrful light shws the firewrks can put n at times. They can be bright and beautiful. Still, I find that I prefer the gentler lights f summer t these nisy nes. I lve seeing the mn rising abve the hills in the evening. Its gentle, smiling face always reminds me that smene lves me and is watching ver me frm abve.
The shinning stars als always lk s heavenly and wnderful when yu take the time t lk up int the skies and watch them shine. I als lve the beautiful, blinking (眨眼的) lights f the fireflies this time f the year. Seeing their lvely, little lights as they fly arund always fills my heart with light and delight as well. It warms my sul and reminds me f what a perfect wrld we live in.
I think we all might d better t grw the gentler lights within urselves. Our sciety seems t praise and admire thse wh cme ff as bming and brash (自以为是的).
1．Why des the authr mentin his childhd’s experience?
A．T share an ld stry.
B．T explain his tiredness f firewrks.
C．T stress a jyful atmsphere with firewrks.
D．T remind us f the danger f firewrks.
2．Why des the authr prefer lights like the mnlight?
A．Because they are bright, and beautiful.
B．Because they give him pleasant feelings.
C．Because they dn’t scare his dgs any mre.
D．Because they keep him free frm being mnitred.
3．Hw des the authr feel when seeing the fireflies?
A．Grateful.B．Jyful.C．Determined.D．Belved.
4．What wuld the authr write abut in the fllwing paragraph?
A．Why gentler lights are better than nisy nes.
B．What gentler lights will really bring t ur life.
C．Hw we can make the wrld a gentler place.
D．When we can stp great nises such as firewrks.
【答案】1．B 2．B 3．B 4．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者首先讲述了童年时对烟花的厌恶，然后描述了他对柔光的喜爱，并倡导建设一个更加柔和的社会。
1．推理判断题。从第一段中的“I have never been a big fan f firewrks since I was a by. (我从小就不太喜欢看烟花)”可知，作者不喜欢烟花，作者讲述童年的经历是为了解释他不喜欢烟花的原因，故选B项。
2．细节理解题。从第二段最后一句“Its gentle, smiling face always reminds me that smene lves me and is watching ver me frm abve. (它温柔的笑脸总是让我想起有人爱着我，从上面看着我)”可知，作者喜欢像月光一样温柔的光，是因为这能给他被爱、被关注的美妙感觉，故选B项。
3．推理判断题。从第三段第三句“Seeing their lvely, little lights as they fly arund always fills my heart with light and delight as well. It warms my sul and reminds me f what a perfect wrld we live in. (当它们飞来飞去时，看到他们可爱的小灯光，总是让我的心充满光明和喜悦。它温暖了我的灵魂，提醒我，我们生活在一个多么完美的世界)”可知，作者看到萤火虫时心情是愉快的，故选B项。
4．推理判断题。从文章最后一段第一句“I think we all might d better t grw the gentler lights within urselves. (我想我们都可以做得更好，在我们自己的内心种下更温和的光)”，并结合倒数第二段最后一句“It warms my sul and reminds me f what a perfect wrld we live in. (它温暖了我的灵魂，提醒我，我们生活在一个多么完美的世界)”可知，作者接下来要介绍如何建设一个更柔和的社会，故选C项。
Passage 2（2025年江苏省前黄中学高三试题)
I started walking backward fr n apparent reasn. I was simply waving gdbye t my daughters when it hit me t take a few steps backward. Since I’d already started, I thught I culd walk all the way hme that way. After all, the cntradictin f mving frward by ging backward seemed engaging and wrth explring.
The first prblem was practical. Snw is a pain even fr regular walking, s my pace slwed dwn cnsiderably. At this different pace, life itself felt rushed in cmparisn. Hw silly it is that we’re always in such a hurry t get smewhere. Fr example, I ften arrive at places lng after my bdy gets there. Smetimes I reach my daughters’ schl, but my mind is still at hme, wndering whether I unplugged my wife’s hair dryer. Walking backward, hwever, frced me t adjust the pace f my bdy t my mind.
The next thing had t d with visin. In regular walking, the path ahead is always visible. Here, yu use ther senses: yu hear the car appraching, yu sense the unevenness f the grund, and yu ntice the change in the firmness f the snw. Yu activate an entire set f skills we usually dn’t use because f ur dependence n sight. This way, the familiar path I walked every day suddenly felt like a grand adventure, a discvery I hadn’t anticipated.
Because f my addictin t flish ideas, I decided t cntinue my backward walking fr the rest f the day. And I quickly realized smething bvius: the path I enjyed mst was the ne I had already travelled. And it struck me that this was the right way t lk at life: mving tward a destinatin withut ever frgetting where yu’ve been, r hw far yu’ve cme. Lking back is always gd fr self-value. There’s n way t lk at yesterday and nt feel better: fr the illness that didn’t kill yu, r the happy childhd days that still make yu smile.
5．What interested the authr in the first paragraph?
A．Finding a new rute back hme.
B．Engaging himself in deep thinking.
C．Mving frward in a different manner.
D．Seeing his daughters ff every mrning.
6．What did the authr realize n the way back hme?
A．We need t stay fcused at wrk.
B．We dn’t need t live a rushed life.
C．We shuld spend mre time with family.
D．We shuldn’t cmpare urselves t thers.
7．Hw did the authr vercme the visin prblem?
A．He studied a set f new skills.B．He depended n his memry.
C．He fllwed his sense f directin.D．He made full use f ther senses.
8．What message des the authr seem t deliver in the last paragraph?
A．Childhd is the best part in life.B．It’s inspiring t reflect n the past.
C．It’s imprtant t find yur self-value.D．One ught t learn t frgive himself.
【答案】5．C 6．B 7．D 8．B
【导语】本文是一篇叙议结合的文章。文章通过作者倒着走路的经历，探讨了放慢生活节奏、依赖其他感官以及回顾过去的重要性。
5．细节理解题。根据第一段的句子“I started walking backward fr n apparent reasn. I was simply waving gdbye t my daughters when it hit me t take a few steps backward. Since I’d already started, I thught I culd walk all the way hme that way. After all, the cntradictin f mving frward by ging backward seemed engaging and wrth explring.(我毫无缘由地开始倒着行走。当时正挥手向女儿们道别，突然心血来潮想后退几步。既然已经开了头，我索性决定就这么倒着走回家。毕竟，这种通过后退实现前进的矛盾感既引人入胜又值得玩味。)”可知，作者对以一种不同的方式前进感兴趣。故选C项。
6．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“At this different pace, life itself felt rushed in cmparisn. Hw silly it is that we’re always in such a hurry t get smewhere.(在这个不同的速度下，生活本身相比之下显得很匆忙。我们总是急于到达某个地方，这真是太傻了。)”可知，作者觉得人们总是急于到达某个地方太傻了，可得出作者意识到我们不需要过一种匆忙的生活。故选B项。
7．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The next thing had t d with visin. In regular walking, the path ahead is always visible. Here, yu use ther senses: yu hear the car appraching, yu sense the unevenness f the grund, and yu ntice the change in the firmness f the snw.(下一件事与视觉有关。在正常的行走中，前方的道路总是可见的。在这里，你使用其他感官：你听到汽车靠近的声音，你感觉到地面的不平整，你注意到雪的硬度的变化。)”可知，作者通过充分利用其他感官来克服视觉问题。故选D项。
8．推理判断题。根据最后一段的句子“And I quickly realized smething bvius: the path I enjyed mst was the ne I had already travelled. And it struck me that this was the right way t lk at life: mving tward a destinatin withut ever frgetting where yu’ve been, r hw far yu’ve cme. Lking back is always gd fr self-value. There’s n way t lk at yesterday and nt feel better: fr the illness that didn’t kill yu, r the happy childhd days that still make yu smile.(我很快意识到一些显而易见的事情：我最喜欢的道路是我已经走过的那条。我突然意识到，这是看待生活的正确方式：朝着一个目的地前进，而不要忘记你去过哪里，也不要忘记你走了多远。回顾总是有利于自我价值。当你回顾昨天的时候，你会感觉好多了：因为那场没有夺去你生命的疾病，或者那些仍然让你微笑的快乐童年。)”可知，作者认为回顾过去是很有启发性的。故选B项。
(2025新高考I卷)
Micrplastics have becme a cmmn surce f pllutin acrss the Earth — they have settled in the deep sea and n the Himalayas, stuck inside vlcanic rcks, filled the stmachs f seabirds and even fallen in fresh Antarctic snw. They are even appearing inside humans.
Nw, new research suggests that a simple, cheap measure may significantly reduce the level f micrplastics in water frm yur tap (水龙头): biling and filtering (过滤) it. In a study published Wednesday in Envirnmental Science & Technlgy Letters, researchers frm China fund that biling tap water fr just five minutes — then filtering it after it cls — culd remve at least 80 percent f its micrplastics.
Crucially, this prcess relies n the water cntaining enugh calcium carbnate (碳酸钙) t trap the plastics. In the study, biling hard water cntaining 300 milligrams f calcium carbnate led t an almst 90 percent drp in plastics. But in samples with less than 60 milligrams f calcium carbnate, biling reduced the level f plastics by just 25 percent. Additinally, the research didn’t include all types f plastics. The team fcused nly n three cmmn types — plystyrene, plyethylene and plyprpylene — and they didn’t study ther chemicals previusly fund in water such as vinyl chlride.
Still, the findings shw a ptential path frward fr reducing micrplastic expsure — a task that’s becming increasingly difficult. Even bttled water, scientists fund earlier this year, cntains 10 t 1,000 times mre micrplastics than riginally thught.
Scientists are still trying t determine hw harmful micrplastics are — but what they d knw has raised cncerns. The new study suggests biling tap water culd be a tl t limit intake. “The way they demnstrated hw micrplastics were trapped thrugh the biling prcess was nice,” Carline Gauchtte-Lindsay, an envirnmental engineer f the University f Glasgw in Sctland wh was nt invlved in the research, tells New Scientist. “We shuld be lking int upgrading drinking water treatment plants s they remve micrplastics.”
29. Hw des the authr present the issue in the first paragraph?
A. By quting an expert.B. By defining a cncept.
C. By giving examples.D. By prviding statistics.
30. What determines the effectiveness f trapping micrplastics in water?
A. The hardness f water.B. The length f cling time.
C. The frequency f filtering.D. The type f plastic in water.
31. What des the authr try t illustrate by mentining bttled water in paragraph 4?
A. The imprtance f plastic recycling.B. The severity f the micrplastic prblem.
C. The danger in verusing pure water.D. The difficulty in treating plluted water.
32. What is Gauchtte-Lindsay’s suggestin abut?
A. Chice f new research methds.B. Pssible directin fr further study.
C. Need t invlve mre researchers.D. Ptential applicatin f the findings.
【答案】29. C 30. A 31. B 32. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了一项关于减少自来水中微塑料污染的新研究。微塑料污染已遍及全球，甚至进入人体。中国研究人员发现，将自来水煮沸五分钟并冷却后过滤可能会显著降低自来水中的微塑料含量。研究虽未涵盖所有塑料类型和化学物质，但揭示了一种潜在解决方案。苏格兰环境工程师指出，该研究展示了煮沸法的有效性，并建议升级饮用水处理厂以推广应用。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段中“Micrplastics have becme a cmmn surce f pllutin acrss the Earth — they have settled in the deep sea and n the Himalayas, stuck inside vlcanic rcks, filled the stmachs f seabirds and even fallen in fresh Antarctic snw. They are even appearing inside humans. (微塑料已经成为地球上常见的污染源——它们出现在在深海和喜马拉雅山上，被困在火山岩中，填满海鸟的胃，甚至落在南极的新雪中。它们甚至出现了在人类体内)”可推知，作者通过举例提出微塑料污染的问题。故选C。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“Crucially, this prcess relies n the water cntaining enugh calcium carbnate (碳酸钙) t trap the plastics. In the study, biling hard water cntaining 300 milligrams f calcium carbnate led t an almst 90 percent drp in plastics. But in samples with less than 60 milligrams f calcium carbnate, biling reduced the level f plastics by just 25 percent. (至关重要的是，这一过程依赖于含有足够碳酸钙的水来截留塑料。在这项研究中，将含有300毫克碳酸钙的硬水煮沸后，塑料含量下降了近90%。但在碳酸钙含量低于60毫克的样品中，煮沸只降低了25%的塑料含量)”可知，决定在水中截留微塑料的有效性的是水的硬度。故选A。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段中“Still, the findings shw a ptential path frward fr reducing micrplastic expsure — a task that’s becming increasingly diffcult. Even bttled water, scientists fund earlier this year, cntains 10 t 1,000 times mre micrplastics than riginally thught. (尽管如此，研究结果显示了减少微塑料接触的潜在途径——这一任务正变得越来越困难。今年早些时候，科学家们发现，即使是瓶装水，其微塑料含量也比原先想象的高出10到1000倍。)”可推断，作者提到瓶装水是为了说明微塑料污染的严重性。故选B。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中““The way they demnstrated hw micrplastics were trapped thrugh the biling prcess was nice,” Carline Gauchtte-Lindsay, an envirnmental engineer f the University f Glasgw in Sctland wh was nt invlved in the research, tells New Scientist. “We shuld be lking int upgrading drinking water treatment plants s they remve micrplastics.” (苏格兰格拉斯哥大学的环境工程师Carline Gauchtte-Lindsay没有参与这项研究，她告诉《新科学家》杂志：“他们展示微塑料如何在煮沸过程中被截留的方式很不错。”“我们应该考虑升级饮用水处理厂，以便它们能去除微塑料”)”可推知，Carline Gauchtte-Lindsay的建议是关于这项研究结果的潜在应用，即升级饮用水处理厂。故选D。
(2025新高考I卷)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
I was brn and raised in Cleveland, Ohi in the United States. Yet nw, I live in the cuntryside f Zhejiang, China with my Chinese husband and his family, ____36____ bamb and tea bushes (灌木) grw wild in the muntains, chickens are always free-range, and ____37____ (center) heating desn’t exist.
Nthing in my life befre prepared me ____38____ this ne-and t be sure, the first time I came here I never imagined I wuld ever feel cmfrtable in this area. But it’s amazing hw yu can adapt ____39____ learn in a new envirnment. Over time, I’ve fund ____40____ (I) feeling extremely at hme here. And in the prcess, I’ve experienced things that really surprise me at times. The “sunshine scent (香味)” f freshly sunned clthes ____41____ (be) ne f them.
Grwing up, my family and ur neighbrs never used cltheslines t dry clthing. denying me the chance ____42____ (discver) ne f the great wnders f sunshine — the sweet “sunshine scent” after sunning clthes fr an entire day. The sun-dried clthes smell especially pleasant where I live, thanks t the ____43____ (absent) f smg and plenty f blue sky ____44____ (afternn) with lts f fresh air.
If yu’ve never experienced the “sunshine scent” frm a sheet r shirt ____45____ (leave) t sun fr a day, well, yu’re missing ut n ne f life’s wnders.
【答案】36. where
37. central
38. fr 39. and
40. myself 41. is
42. t discver
43. absence
44. afternns
45. left
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者从美国到中国浙江农村生活的经历与感受。
【36题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：然而现在，我和我的中国丈夫和他的家人住在中国浙江的农村，在那里山上野生竹子和茶树丛生，鸡总是自由放养的，而且没有集中供暖。本空引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the cuntryside f Zhejiang，China，关系词代替先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。
【37题详解】
考查形容词。句意同上。本空修饰名词heating，应用形容词central“中央的，中心的”，作定语。故填central。
【38题详解】
考查介词。句意：我生命中没有任何事情能让我为这一切做好准备——可以肯定的是，我第一次来到这里时，从未想过我会在这个地方感到舒适。prepare sb. fr...“使某人为……做好准备”，固定搭配。故填fr。
【39题详解】
考查连词。句意：但令人惊讶的是，你是如何适应并在新环境中学习的。adapt和learn是并列关系，应用连词and连接。故填and。
【40题详解】
考查反身代词。句意：随着时间的推移，我发现自己在这里有了宾至如归的感觉。本空指代主语I，表示“我自己”，应用反身代词myself。故填myself。
【41题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：晒过的衣服的“阳光的味道”就是其中之一。本句描述的是一般事实，时态用一般现在时，且主语The “sunshine scent (香味)” f freshly sunned clthes为第三人称单数，be动词用is。故填is。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在我的成长过程中，我的家人和邻居从不使用晾衣绳晾晒衣物，这让我没有机会发现阳光的奇妙之处之一——将衣服晒了一整天后散发的甜美的“阳光的味道”。本句已有谓语used，此处应用非谓语动词， chance t d sth.“做某事的机会”,本空用discver的不定式，作定语。故填t discver。
【43题详解】
查名词。句意：我住的地方，晒干的衣服闻起来特别香，这要归功于没有烟雾，而且下午的天很蓝天、空气新鲜。本空作thanks t的宾语，应用名词absence“缺乏，没有”，不可数名词。故填absence。
【44题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：我住的地方，晒干的衣服闻起来特别香，这要归功于没有烟雾，而且下午有很多蓝天和新鲜空气。afternn“下午”是可数名词，此处指不止一个下午，应用复数形式afternns。故填afternns。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：如果你从未体验过在阳光下晾晒了一整天的床单或衬衫散发的“阳光的味道”，那么你就错过了生活中的一大奇观。本句已有谓语have experienced，此处应用非谓语动词，a sheet r shirt和leave“使处于某种状态”之间是逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语。故填left。