高考英语二轮-阅读理解 （综合训练1）（全国通用）（学生版）

这是一份高考英语二轮-阅读理解 （综合训练1）（全国通用）（学生版），共14页。试卷主要包含了5分，共37等内容，欢迎下载使用。
甲
阅读理解（共15小题，每小题2.5分，共37.5分）用时：25分钟
A
A CLEAN, GREEN ENERGY FUTURE
Nwadays, many cuntries are making the imprtant change frm fssil fuels t clean, green and renewable surces f energy. Fssil fuels prduce emissins, but renewable energy surces cause limited damage t the envirnment.
Here are the main types f renewable energy, with facts and examples frm arund the wrld.
Slar
Slar panels turn heat frm the sun’s rays int electricity, and slar heaters use that energy t heat water directly. Germany has the highest slar capacity in the wrld, but China is the wrld’s largest market and the largest prducer f slar technlgy.
Hydrpwer
The pwer f water turns turbines which prduce electricity. Since ancient times, watermills have been used a lt. Mst f the renewable energy in China cmes frm hydrpwer plants, such as the Three Grges Dam, the wrld’s largest pwer statin.
Gethermal
This has been a natural surce f energy fr thusands f years. Tday, heat frm belw the earth’s surface heats water int steam that turns turbines t generate electricity. The USA has the largest capacity, with ver 80% generated in Califrnia. The Yangbajing Pwer Plant is the largest gethermal plant in China.
Wind
Tall turbines are turned by the wind t prduce electricity. Wind “farms” are built n land, r ffshre, t take advantage f mre frequent and pwerful winds at sea. The wrld’s largest wind farm is the Lndn Array. It has 175 wind turbines and is 20 km ff the cast f England. Researchers think China culd meet all her electricity demands frm wind by 2030. Wind farms in prvinces such as Gansu have an endless wind supply.
1．Which cuntry is the tp in slar capacity wrldwide accrding t the passage?
A．China.B．Germany.C．The USA．D．England.
2．Which type f energy in China will play the greatest rle in the future accrding t the passage?
A．Slar.B．Hydrpwer.C．Wind.D．Gethermal.
3．In which clumn f a newspaper culd the passage be fund?
A．Business.B．Science.C．Culture.D．Travel.
B
My husband, Haywd, reached retirement age after 37 years f teaching this summer. I am excited t have mre time with the persn I like best in the wrld. The nly dwnside was his stuff. What des he d with all the bks?
Haywd brught hme, all the bks, t a huse already piled up with the bks passed dwn frm ur parents after they passed away. Every bkshelf in the huse — and there are a lt f bkshelves in this huse — was already stuffed beynd mving.
Peple have been arguing that print is dead, r abut t be dead. It is nt dead in this huse. We write in bks. We fld pages and underline passages and draw little stars at the edges f the pages.
Befre the bjectins begin, let me say that I am 100 percent in favr f every kind f reading there is: e-bks, audi bks, Braille bks, graphic bks, yu name it.
Nevertheless.
I will always prefer a bk I can hld in my hand, the kind that smells f paper and glue. The material feel f it pleases me.
Fr me, a bk made f paper will always be a beautiful bject that warms a rm even as it expands (r entertains, r challenges, r infrms, r cmfrts) a mind, and a bkcase will always represent time itself. I walk past ne f ur bkcases, and I can tell yu exactly why a particular bk is still there, never remved as space grew limited.
When I reread a bk frm my wn shelves, I meet my wn yunger self. I am what I have read far mre surely than I am what I have eaten. By lking at ur bkshelves, I can tell yu wh my husband was, t.
Our bks ensure that I am still surrunded by all the selves I have ever been, and all the selves my husband has been. I prefer the messy shelves, the flded pages, the ntes written in a familiar hand.
4．What can be inferred abut the Haywd family?
A．They push reading bradly.B．They shw ff their bks,
C．They shuld limit their bks.D．They have a reading traditin.
5．What is the authr’s attitude twards e-bks?
A．Supprtive.B．Grateful.C．Passinate.D．Curius.
6．Why can paper bks warm a rm accrding t the authr?
A．They calm peple’s mind.B．They hld emtinal memries.
C．They decrate the rm well.D．They imprve the family relatin.
7．What is the best title fr the text?
A．My Bks, My MdsB．My Bkshelf, Myself
C．My Tie t My HusbandD．My Preference t Print Bks
C
The idea that night wls wh dn’t g t bed until the early hurs struggle t get anything dne during the day may have t be revised. It turns ut that staying up late culd be gd fr ur brain pwer as research suggests that peple wh identify as night wls culd be sharper than thse wh g t bed early.
Researchers led by academics at Imperial Cllege Lndn studied data frm the UK Bibank study n mre than 26, 000 peple wh had cmpleted intelligence, reasning, reactin time and memry tests. They then examined hw participants’ sleep duratin, quality, and chrntype affected brain perfrmance. They fund that thse wh stay up late and thse classed as “intermediate” had “superir cgnitive functin”, while mrning larks had the lwest scres. Ging t bed late is strngly assciated with creative types. Artists, authrs and musicians knwn t be night wls include James Jyce and Lady Gaga.
But while pliticians like Barack Obama famusly seemed t thrive n little sleep, the study fund that sleep duratin is imprtant fr brain functin, with thse getting between seven and nine hurs f shut-eye each night perfrming best in cgnitive tests. Prf Daqing Ma, the c-leader f the study, added, “We fund that sleep duratin has a direct effect n brain functin, and we believe that actively managing sleep patterns is really imprtant fr bsting and safeguarding the way ur brains wrk. We’d ideally like t see plicy interventins t help sleep patterns imprve in the general ppulatin.”
Sme experts, hwever, urged cautin in interpreting the findings. Jessica Chelekis, a sleep expert at Brunel University Lndn, said there were “imprtant limitatins” t the study as the research did nt accunt fr educatin attainment, r include the time f day the cgnitive tests were cnducted in the results. The main value f the study was challenging steretypes arund sleep, she added.
8．What can be learned abut the new research?
A．It advcates a new trend f sleep patterns.B．It reveals mst night wls have sharp brains.
C．It suggests staying up enhances brain pwer.D．It challenges cmmn belief abut night wls.
9．Why are James Jyce and Lady Gaga mentined in paragraph 2?
A．T prvide examples f intermediate peple.
B．T suggest mst successful artists are night wls.
C．T prve artists have superir cgnitive functin.
D．T shw the link between late hurs and creativity.
10．Which statement will Prf Daqing Ma prbably agree with?
A．All sleep lengths equally imprve brain functin.
B．Parents shuldn’t intervene children’s sleep pattern.
C．Schls shuld start later t fit teens’ bdy clcks.
D．Sleep duratin is mre imprtant than sleep quality.
11．What is the authr’s attitude twards the new study?
A．Objective.B．SkepticalC．AppreciativeD．Critical
D
Tiny bits f plastic, called micrplastics, pllute the air and ur fd. Plastic bits have been fund everywhere frm ur bdies t a dlphin’s breath. That’s why scientists keep lking fr ways t handle them. Nw, they’ve discvered a new strategy.
Bacteria (细菌) cmmn in wastewater can break dwn a type f plastic — PET. That finding culd infrm new ways t clean up PET pllutin. Scientists have lng knwn Cmamnas, a kind f micrbe (微生物), grw n plastics in water. That gt Ludmilla Aristilde, a bichemist, wndering if the micrbes use PET as fd.
PET is the wrld’s mst widely used plastic. Sme 56 millin tns f it is made each year — mstly fr plyester clthing, water and sda bttles, and the packaging f many stre-bught gds. That leads t a lt f PET pllutin. Tiny pieces f PET cme ut f plyester clthes when they’re washed — and flw thrugh water treatment plants int waterways. Bits f PET als get int waterways as plastic bttles and ther PET packaging break dwn in the envirnment.
In past wrk, Aristilde discvered that ne strain f Cmamnas culd break dwn rings f carbn atms in laundry detergent (洗涤剂). Thse carbn rings, she ntes, were similar t the nes fund in plastics. Here was a clue that the micrbes may be able t break dwn PET as well.
Aristilde’s team grew Cmamnas in the lab recently. Then they placed the micrbes in a liquid-filled cntainer fr a mnth with tiny bits f PET. Afterward, they lked at the surface f the plastic with a special scanning micrscpe, which can create very detailed images f surfaces. The team fund nanparticles (纳米颗粒) f PET nw flated in the water. At the end f the mnth, mre than three times as many nan bits were in the water as befre. This shwed that the bacteria had been decmpunding the PET. The bacteria als multiplied faster when they had PET available. That suggests they were using carbn mlecules frm the plastic bits as fd.
Ren Wei, a bichemist, says the tiny rganisms eat super tiny amunts f plastic. He adds that the rate at which they cnsume PET is far t slw t remve much f the vast amunts that enter the envirnment each year.
12．Why is a dlphin’s breath mentined in paragraph 1?
A．T shw plastic pllutin is a widespread prblem.
B．T display the harmful effect f micrplastics n sea creatures.
C．T prve micrplastics can exist in wastewater fr a lng time.
D．T illustrate the strng ability f dlphins t detect micrplastics.
13．What des paragraph 3 mainly talk abut?
A．Wide uses f PET in life.B．Basic functins f PET.
C．Varius surces f PET pllutin.D．Main characteristics f PET pllutin.
14．What des the underlined wrd “decmpunding” in paragraph 5 prbably mean?
A．Taking ver.B．Searching fr.C．Sheltering frm.D．Breaking apart.
15．What’s Ren Wei’s attitude t using the micrbe t clean up PET pllutin?
A．Unclear.B．Dubtful.C．Psitive.D．Uncncerned.
乙
阅读理解（共15小题，每小题2.5分，共37.5分）用时：25分钟
A
1．Befre the 16h century, hw did captains navigate acrss ceans?
A．The Nrth Star navigated their ships.
B．The frces in a magnetic field attracted the ships.
C．Magnetic cmpasses helped them maintain the curse.
D．The magnetic muntains in the Arctic guided their jurney.
2．Hw did William Gilbert find ut the fact that Earth itself is magnetic?
A．Thrugh trials and errrs.
B．By acquiring sme flash inspiratin.
C．By studying the ideas f sme philsphers.
D．Thrugh sme persnal philsphical speculatin.
3．Which f the fllwing statement might Galile agree with?
A．The earth stays mvable.
B．The earth has its wn magnetic field.
C．Gilbert’s findings and cnclusins are sensatinal.
D．Gilbert successfully refuted the laws f magnetic attractin.
B
Emma, a yung librarian with a heartwarming smile and a steady cmmitment t her wrk, harbured a deep-seated fear: public speaking. When she was invited t deliver the pening speech at the annual Serenity Bk Festival — an event t significant t decline — her anxiety rse.
Oliver, a bright and cnsiderate by wh frequented the library, quickly sensed Emma’s depressin. Having always admired her warmth and devtin, Oliver apprached her with a gentle smile. “Why dn’t we vercme ur fear like heres in them?” he suggested kindly, pinting t the bks n the shelf. Mved by the by’s curage, Emma agreed sftly, “Alright, let’s give it a try!” With each practice, Emma gradually gained the cnfidence t bldly face her fear.
As the festival apprached, Emma practiced befre small grups, then larger nes, steadily imprving. But a week prir, she received an unexpected letter frm her ld teacher, Mr. Langstn, wh expressed his intentin t attend and eagerly anticipated her speech, adding t her pressure. Nticing her cncern, Oliver reminded her hw much she had imprved. They did a final practice in frnt f the library staff, whse encuragement bsted her cnfidence significantly, calming her nerves fr the big day.
The day f the festival arrived. Stepping nt the stage, Emma felt her heart beating wildly. She tk a deep breath and began t speak. Oliver, sitting in the frnt rw, watched with pride. His smile widened as he heard cnfidence in her vice. The audience listened attentively. When Emma cncluded with a request fr everyne t learn frm bks, there was a mment f silence — then the crwd erupted int applause. Tears f jy filled her eyes, nt just frm relief, but frm the verwhelming supprt and recgnitin frm bth Oliver and the audience.
Emma tk a final hw as the applause died dwn, feeling a warmth in her heart. She knew she culd face whatever came next.
4．What was the prblem with Emma?
A．It trubled her t hst an event.
B．She was afraid t speak in public.
C．She fund it difficult t stay calm.
D．It was hard fr her t fund the festival.
5．What d we knw abut Mr. Langstn’s letter?
A．It made Emma much mre anxius.
B．It encuraged Emma t be cnfident.
C．It taught Emma the techniques f speaking.
D．It invited Emma t the celebratin f the festival.
6．Which f the fllwing best describes Emma?
A．Humble and capable.B．Careful and successful.
C．Anxius and ambitius.D．Determined and cmmitted.
7．What is the best title fr the text?
A．The Librarian’s Secret: A Tale f Hidden Fears
B．Emma’ s Speech: A Jurney frm Fear t Applause
C．Oliver’s Advice: A Stry f Friendship and Supprt
D．The Serenity Bk Festival: A Celebratin f Literature
C
Like a literal breath f fresh air, s-called “micr-frests” represent a green practice, bsting the quality f life in many f the wrld’s plluted and vercrwded urban centers.
These small areas f densely (稠密地) planted wdland trees, als knwn as mini-frests r pcket frests, allw cmmunities t manage the effects f climate change in a small way, but ffer enrmus benefits t the envirnment and lcal peple, as they restre sil, air and water quality. These mini-frests are prving a magnet fr varius animal and plant species, which ffer human beings the chance t learn mre abut nature. Magically becming self-sustaining ver time, they are a way t make reimagined urban life a reality.
Significantly, mini-frests, as ne f their nnprfit facilitatrs SUGi utlines, serve t build scial bnds in cmmunities as well, as they cme tgether t enjy and sustain new natural settings. They can als regenerate and beautify neglected (被忽视的) plts in cities such as frmer basketball curts, and disused parking lts and playgrunds, fr instance.
Accrding t the UN’s State f the Wrld’s Frests Reprt frm 2020, ver 440 millin hectares (公顷) f frest have been lst t ther uses since 1990. Nw, mre than half f the glbal ppulatin lives in urban areas, but the access t green spaces is limited. The gd news is that micr-frests in cities can ffer an imprtant chance t fight against defrestatin and enlarge green spaces.
Eur News details sme f the many exciting micr-frests that have taken rt glbally. Nnprfit Earthwatch Eurpe, fr instance, has planted 285 f them since 2022. Their plts are made up f 600 trees. A tree-planting prgram aiming t restre bidiversity and reintrduce native species, SUGi, has created 230 pcket frests in 52 cities arund the wrld, frm Tuluse in France, t Madrid in Spain, and Saint Gerge in Rmania.
8．What des the underlined wrd “magnet” in paragraph 2 mst prbably mean?
A．Smething artificial.B．Smething simplified.
C．Smething innvative.D．Smething appealing.
9．Hw d micr-frests benefit a city accrding t the text?
A．They reduce traffic jams.B．They imprve urban land use.
C．They ppularize sprts activities.D．They ensure citizens’ privacy.
10．What is the data in paragraph 4 intended t stress?
A．The fast pace f urbanizatin.B．The need t cntrl ppulatins.
C．The imprtance f micr-frests,D．The harm caused by defrestatin.
11．What is the last paragraph mainly abut?
A．Plans t further prmte micr-frests.B．Benefits f sustaining micr-frests.
C．Examples f creating micr-frests in cities.D．Plicies abut micr-frest preservatin.
D
Since the dawn f human histry, innvatin has been a balancing act f wnder and fear. Frm the discvery f fire t the first flights f airplanes, each technlgical breakthrugh has prmised t enhance human abilities while simultaneusly (同时) causing risks. Fire culd warm us r destry us; airplanes culd cnnect us r be turned int tls f war. Yet thrugh all these advancements, ne cnstant has remained: human cgnitin (认知) , the unique spark f thught and creativity that has shaped ur prgress.
But tday, smething is different. Fr the first time in histry, human cgnitin itself is at risk f being ut-f-date. With the rise f artificial intelligence (AI), we are n lnger just building tls t enhance ur abilities; we are building systems that may be superir t ur very capacity t think, create, and innvate. This shift desn’t just cmpletely change industries, but it als challenges the cre f what makes us human.
In past innvatins, technlgies functined as extensins f human abilities. The airplanes enlarged ur physical reach, the Internet expanded ur access t infrmatin, and cmputers increased ur ability t cmpute. These tls were clearly under human cntrl, perating within the bundaries we set.
Hwever, AI is fundamentally different. It perates in the range f cgnitin, nt merely cnducting tasks, but als learning, reasning, and even generating creative cntent. Frm writing news articles t diagnsing diseases, AI systems are perfrming tasks nce thught t require uniquely human judgment. What happens when machines can think better than we can? And, mre imprtantly, what des it mean t be human in an age when ur intellectual strength is n lnger guaranteed?
Histrically, we’ve accepted bslescence (过时) as part f the cycle f innvatin and, in mst situatins, embraced it. Outdated tls shuld be abandned, and new nes take their place. But when the “tl” at risk f bslescence is human cgnitin itself, we enter unknwn area. AI’s capacity t ptentially utd ur intellectual talents puts humanity in a weak psitin, ne where we must cnfrnt ur wn limitatins.
12．What can we infer frm the first paragraph?
A．One gd turn deserves anther.B．Take things as they cme.
C．Dn’t put the cart befre the hrse.D．Every cin has tw sides.
13．What des the authr mean by saying “But tday, smething is different” in paragraph 2?
A．Human cgnitin starts t be utdated.B．Wnder and fear have lst balance.
C．Human cgnitin has reached a ceiling.D．Creativity has shaped ur prgress.
14．Hw is the main idea presented in the text?
A．By telling stries.B．By analyzing causes.
C．By giving examples.D．By applying inferences.
15．What is the authr’s attitude twards the rise f artificial intelligence?
A．Cncerned.B．Skeptical.C．Psitive.D．Unclear.
语篇
体裁
词数
话题
命题亮点
错题统计
错误原因总结
A
应用文
270
可再生能源的类型
与25全国I应用文相似
B
记叙文
337
对纸质书的深厚情感与偏爱
倡导读书
C
说明文
314
夜猫子可能更聪明
考查思辨
D
科普说明文
384
处理微塑料垃圾
与25年全国I D篇异曲同工
语篇
体裁
词数
话题
命题亮点
错题统计
错误原因总结
A
应用文
327
人类对地球磁场的认识
与25全国I D篇命题思想相同，跨学科综合
B
记叙文
324
克服恐惧成功演讲
突出心理描写
C
说明文
309
微型森林的作用
环境保护
D
议论文
345
技术突破利弊共存
考查思辨能力
IN CONTEXT
BRANCH
Gelgy
BEFORE
6th century BCE The Greek thinker Thales f Miletus ntes magnetic rcks, r ldestnes (天然磁石) .
1st century CE Chinese diviners make primitive cmpasses with irn spn that can turn arund t pint suth,
1269 French schlar Pierre de Maricurt sets ut the basic laws f magnetic attractin, repulsin, and ples.
AFTER
1824 French mathematician Simén Pissn mdels the frces in a magnetic field.
1940s American physicist Walter Maurice Elsasser attributes Earth’ s magnetic field t irn swirling in its uter cre as the planet rtates.
1958 Explrer 1 space missin shws Earth’s magnetic field extending far ut int space.
By the late 1500s, ships’ captains already relied n magnetic cmpasses t maintain their curse acrss the ceans. Yet n ne knew hw they wrked. Sme thught the cmpass needle was attracted t the Nrth Star, thers that it was drawn t magnetic muntains in the Arctic. It was English physician William Gilbert wh discvered that Earth itself is magnetic.
Strnger reasns are btained frm sure experiments and demnstrated arguments than frm prbable cnjectures (推测) and the pinins f philsphical speculatrs.
William Gilbert
Gilbert’s breakthrugh came nt frm a flash f inspiratin, but frm 17 years f careful experiments. He learned all he culd frm ships’ captains and cmpass makers, and then he made a mdel glbe, r “terrella” ut f the magnetic rck ldestne and tested cmpass needles against it. The needles reacted arund the terrella just as ships’ cmpasses did n a larger scale — shwing the same patterns f declinatin (pinting slightly away frm true nrth at the gegraphic ple, which differs frm magnetic nrth) and inclinatin (tilting dwn frm the hrizntal tward the glbe) .
Gilbert cncluded, rightly, that the entire planet is a magnet and has a cre f irn. He published his ideas in the bk DeMagnete (On the Magnet) in 1600, causing a d sensatin. Jhannes Kepler and Galile, in particular, were inspired by his suggestin that Earth is nt fixed t rtating celestial spheres, as mst peple still thught, but is made t spin by the invisible frce f its wn magnetism.