高考英语二轮-阅读7选5——说明文（专项训练）（全国通用）（教师版）

这是一份高考英语二轮-阅读7选5——说明文（专项训练）（全国通用）（教师版），共107页。
TOC \ "1-2" \h \u \l "_Tc17943" 01 课标达标练（阅读7选5）
\l "_Tc22251" 考向01 考查小标题
\l "_Tc2717" 考向02 考查段首句
\l "_Tc30632" 考向03 考查段中句
\l "_Tc10254" 考向04 考查段尾句
\l "_Tc20184" 02 核心突破练
说明文创新练
\l "_Tc5699" 03 真题溯源练
考向01 考查小标题句
1.（2025·广西部分学校高三下学期5月模拟联考）
Cffee and tea are tw f the mst ppular drinks in the wrld. 1 . Here are reasns why yu shuld think abut switching frm cffee t tea.
Lwer caffeine, fewer side effects
Tea has less caffeine than cffee. 2 . A cup f tea usually has 20 t 60 milligrams f caffeine, while cffee has 80 t 100 milligrams. If yu’re sensitive t caffeine, tea is a better chice. Plus, herbal teas like chammile have n caffeine and can help yu relax.
A pwerhuse f antixidants(抗氧化剂)
Tea is packed with antixidants. 3 . They can help prtect yur bdy frm diseases like heart prblems and cancer. Green tea has a lt f a special antixidant called EGCG, which is great fr yur cells and can even help yu age mre slwly. Black tea has ther gd chemicals that help keep yur heart healthy.
4
Tea has smething special called L-theanine. This is an amin acid(氨基酸)that can make yu feel calm and fcused. It’s different frm cffee because it desn’t make yu feel nervus. L-theanine can help reduce anxiety and make yu feel gd. It’s als gd fr yur brain. It can help yu think better, feel less stressed, and even sleep better.
Gd fr yur bdy
Drinking tea can be a great way t get healthy chemicals int yur bdy. Just like eating fruits and vegetables, drinking tea can give yu the gd stuff yur bdy needs. 5
Switching frm cffee t tea can be a simple way t imprve yur health and feel better every day. Give tea a try and see hw it makes yu feel.
A．Help yu stay calm
B．Gd fr yur physical health
C．Bth are gd fr yu, but tea might be even better
D．These are special plant chemicals that are gd fr yur health
E．Whichever yu like better, keep in mind that t much will be harmful
F．This means it wn’t make yu t excited r keep yu awake at night
G．If yu dn’t like eating vegetables, tea can be a gd way t get thse healthy chemicals
【答案】1．C 2．F 3．D 4．A 5．G
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了咖啡和茶这两种世界流行饮品，重点阐述了从咖啡转向茶的原因，包括茶咖啡因含量低、富含抗氧化剂、有助于保持平静以及对身体有益等。
1．根据上文“Cffee and tea are tw f the mst ppular drinks in the wrld.(咖啡和茶是世界上最受欢迎的两种饮品)” 及 “Here are reasns why yu shuld think abut switching frm cffee t tea(以下是你应该考虑从咖啡转向茶的原因)” 可知，选项承上启下，引出下文茶的优势。C选项“两者都对你有好处，但茶可能更好” 符合语境，故选C。
2．根据上文“Tea has less caffeine than cffee.(茶的咖啡因含量比咖啡少)” 可知，此处应说明咖啡因含量少带来的结果。F选项“这意味着它不会让你过于兴奋或在晚上让你睡不着觉” 符合，语境，故选F。
3．根据上文“Tea is packed with antixidants.(茶富含抗氧化剂)” 可知，此处应解释抗氧化剂对健康的益处。D选项“这些是对健康有益的特殊植物化学物质” 符合语境。故选D。
4．根据文章该段 “Tea has smething special called L - theanine. This is an amin acid (氨基酸) that can make yu feel calm and fcused.(茶含有一种特殊的物质叫 L - 茶氨酸。这是一种氨基酸，可以让你感到平静和专注)” 可知，此空为段落小标题。说明茶的镇定作用。A选项“帮助你保持平静” 符合语境。故选A。
5．根据上文“Just like eating fruits and vegetables, drinking tea can give yu the gd stuff yur bdy needs.(就像吃水果和蔬菜一样，喝茶可以给你身体所需的好东西” 可知，选项进一步说明喝茶对获取健康物质的作用。G选项“如果你不喜欢吃蔬菜，茶可以是获取这些健康化学物质的好方法” 符合语境，故选G。
2.（2025·河南省部分示范性高中高三下学期考前冲刺）
Tips n Hw t Balance Schl Wrk with Yur Hbbies
Many students find it challenging t balance schl wrk with their persnal hbbies since they have a lt f respnsibilities t carry n their shulders. Nw I wuld like t suggest hw yu can priritize bth f them.
Create a rutine
Develp a rutine that invlves self-care habits such as relaxatin, exercise, r hbbies. 1 . This rutine will surely help yu t shift yur mind frm schl stress. And it will prvide yu with a healthy lifestyle.
Set bundaries and take breaks
2 . I knw schl-related tasks are very imprtant fr yur future, but what abut yur health? Dn’t stress ut by ding a lt f wrk. After studying enugh, cnsistently d self-care activities n breaks, fr instance, eye exercises and jurnaling.
3
Maintaining a well-rganized schedule is essential fr balancing hbbies, schling, and persnal health. T keep track f tasks, due dates, and persnal bjectives, use planners r digital calendars. This time mnitring guarantees that yu set aside time fr hbbies and self-care and avid last-minute hurry.
Practice mindfulness ften
Mindfulness is very imprtant fr students since it helps their minds be peaceful and mre fcused. 4 .In rder t happily balance academics and mentality, being calm, peaceful, and fully aware is necessary.
Knw when t adjust
Mst f the time, after they have planned, students tend t fllw exactly the t-d list. 5 . Hwever, when they d smething that is nt in the plan r it desn’t turn ut accrding t the plan, they have n mtivatin at all t cntinue ding it. While sme days can call fr mre self-wrk t deal with stress, ther days might call fr mre fcus n schling. Be adaptable and change yur plans as necessary.
A．It is excellent smetimes
B．Avid scial media influence
C．Manage yur time effectively
D．It’s usually practiced in a sitting psitin
E．Stp being study-mad and avid verwrking
F．Mrever, it helps a persn stay in the present
G．And set a specific time t d them right after schl
【答案】1．G 2．E 3．C 4．F 5．A
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要针对学生如何平衡学业与个人爱好给出建议，包括制定日常安排、设定界限并休息、有效管理时间、经常练习正念以及懂得适时调整等方面。
1．根据上文“Develp a rutine that invlves self - care habits such as relaxatin, exercise, r hbbies.(制定一个包含放松、锻炼或爱好等自我照顾习惯的日常安排)” 可推知，此处应说明执行日常安排的时间。G选项“并设定放学后立即做这些事情的特定时间” 符合语境，进一步阐述如何制定日常安排，故选G。
2．根据下文“I knw schl - related tasks are very imprtant fr yur future, but what abut yur health? Dn’t stress ut by ding a lt f wrk.(我知道与学校相关的任务对你的未来非常重要，但你的健康呢？不要因为做大量的工作而压力过大)” 可知，选项引起下文与后文话题一致，在谈论学习和工作量造成的疲惫之间的关系。E选项“不要再疯狂学习，避免过度劳累” 符合语境。故选E。
3．根据下文“Maintaining a well-rganized schedule is essential fr balancing hbbies, schling, and persnal health. T keep track f tasks, due dates, and persnal bjectives, use planners r digital calendars.(保持一个井然有序的日程安排对于平衡爱好、学业和个人健康至关重要。为了跟踪任务、截止日期和个人目标，使用计划本或电子日历)” 可推知，本段在说要有效地管理你的时间。C“有效地管理你的时间” 符合语境，作为小标题概括该段内容，故选C。
4．根据上文“Mindfulness is very imprtant fr students since it helps their minds be peaceful and mre fcused.(正念对学生来说非常重要，因为它有助于他们的心灵平静和更加专注)” 可知，此处应进一步说明正念的好处。F选项“此外，它帮助一个人活在当下” 符合语境。故选F。
5．根据上文“Mst f the time, after they have planned, students tend t fllw exactly the t-d list.(大多数时候，在制定计划后，学生们往往会严格遵循待办事项清单)” 以及下文“Hwever, when they d smething that is nt in the plan r it desn’t turn ut accrding t the plan, they have n mtivatin at all t cntinue ding it.(然而，当他们做一些不在计划内的事情，或者事情没有按照计划进行时，他们就完全没有动力继续做下去)” 可知，选项承上启下，先肯定按计划做事，再指出其不足。A选项“有时候这样很好” 符合语境。故选A。
3.（2025·重庆市西南大学附属中学高三下学期阶段检测）
Have yu ever wken up at midnight with upsetting thughts? Maybe yu argued with yur partner. Perhaps yu are wrrying abut an interview. These are cmmn in ur life. 1 And thus we may lse sleep and have truble cncentrating. The fllwing methds are helpful.
2
This methd has-the benefit f revealing the temprary nature f yur upsetting thughts. It can als help t make it easier t let them g. There are many mindfulness practices that might help with this. Fr example, a simple breath meditatin may wrk.
Try t mve utside.
Physical exercise can be helpful. 3 Walking in the wds can reduce ruminatin (沉思) mre than walking alng a rad fr the same amunt f time. If we g ut walking, it may help t keep ur attentin n ur surrundings and prevent trubling thughts frm arising.
Stp feeding the fire and redirect yur attentin.
Dn’t verthink abut the same things; lk fr better nes. We can take a break frm scial media and practice gratitude fr the gd in ur lives. We can als take actin with like-minded peple. 4
Talk t a trusted persn r maybe a therapist.
We can turn t thers fr help. Whether they d it with humr r by ffering wisdm, smetimes getting an utsider’s perspective can help us a lt. 5 If we dn’t have such kind f peple, seeing a therapist might be ur best ptin.
A．Embrace ur negative thughts.
B．Learn t practice mindful awareness.
C．Being utside in nature is ne f the best ways.
D．They will keep us lcked int negative thinking patterns.
E．We need t give urselves sme space and nt assume the wrst.
F．These can help reduce ur wrry while pinting us in a right directin.
G．We shuld try t find the right persn wh can listen well and ffer empathy.
【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．F 5．G
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了解决半夜胡思乱想的一些方法。
1．根据上文“Have yu ever wken up at midnight with upsetting thughts? Maybe yu argued with yur partner. Perhaps yu are wrrying abut an interview. These are cmmn in ur life.( 你是否曾在半夜被烦心事惊醒？也许你和你的伴侣吵架了。也许你在担心面试。这些在我们的生活中很常见。)”提到半夜醒来有烦恼的想法等情况，以及下文“And thus we may lse sleep and have truble cncentrating.( 因此，我们可能会失眠，难以集中注意力。)”提到因此我们可能失眠和难以集中精力，D选项“They will keep us lcked int negative thinking patterns.( 它们会让我们陷入消极思维模式。)”能很好地连接前后文，“它们”指代前面提到的烦恼想法。故选D项。
2．根据下文“This methd has-the benefit f revealing the temprary nature f yur upsetting thughts. It can als help t make it easier t let them g. There are many mindfulness practices that might help with this. Fr example, a simple breath meditatin may wrk.( 这种方法的好处是揭示了你心烦意乱的想法的暂时性质。它也可以帮助你更容易地放手。有许多正念练习可能有助于解决这个问题。例如，一个简单的呼吸冥想可能有效。)”提到这种方法有揭示烦恼想法暂时性的好处，还有很多正念练习可能有帮助，例如简单的呼吸冥想，B选项 “Learn t practice mindful awareness.( 学习练习正念意识)”符合语境，作为小标题，直接概括段落主旨，后文是对该方法的具体阐述。故选B项。
3．根据上文“Physical exercise can be helpful.( 体育锻炼是有帮助的。)”说尝试到户外去，体育锻炼有帮助，以及下文“Walking in the wds can reduce ruminatin (沉思) mre than walking alng a rad fr the same amunt f time.( _在树林里散步比在路上走同样长的时间更能减少沉思。)”说在树林里散步比在马路上散步更能减少沉思等，C选项“Being utside in nature is ne f the best ways.( 身处大自然中是最好的方式之一。)”能承接上文提到的到户外去，同时引出下文在自然中散步的内容。故选C项。
4．根据上文“Dn’t verthink abut the same things; lk fr better nes. We can take a break frm scial media and practice gratitude fr the gd in ur lives. We can als take actin with like-minded peple.( 不要对同一件事想太多；寻找更好的。我们可以暂时离开社交媒体，对生活中的美好事物心存感激。我们也可以和志同道合的人一起采取行动。)”提到停止过度思考，寻找更好的，从社交媒体中休息，感恩生活中的美好，和志同道合的人采取行动等，F选项“These can help reduce ur wrry while pinting us in a right directin.( 这些可以帮助减少我们的担忧，同时指引我们朝着正确的方向。)”中的“这些”指代前面提到的各种做法。故选F项。
5．根据上文“Talk t a trusted persn r maybe a therapist.( 和你信任的人或者心理医生谈谈。)”说和信任的人或治疗师交谈，以及下文“If we dn’t have such kind f peple, seeing a therapist might be ur best ptin.( 如果我们没有这样的人，看治疗师可能是我们最好的选择。)”说如果我们没有这样的人，看治疗师可能是最好的选择，G选项“We shuld try t find the right persn wh can listen well and ffer empathy.( 我们应该努力找到能认真倾听并给予同情的合适的人。)”符合语境，进一步阐述了和信任的人交谈时对人的要求。故选G项。
4.（2025·浙江省杭州学军中学（集团）高三下学期5月高考模拟测试）
Hw T Be a Blder, Mre Cnfident Persn
Want t bst yur self-cnfidence, feel mre empwered, and take charge f yur life? 1 By embracing a bld mindset, yu will unlck greater cnfidence, resilience, and cntrl ver yur life. Here are sme valuable tips t help yu discver yur passins and strengths, while vercming yur fears.
Stp hesitating and take actin t build yur self-cnfidence.
Is there smething yu’ve been wanting r trying t d, but can’t seem t get the curage up? 2 . Taking the first small step twards trying smething new can give yu the energy t keep ging. Whenever yu’ re feeling unsure in interactins with thers, swallw yur pride and make the first mve!
D the unexpected and get ut f yur cmfrt zne.
Ding smething new and unexpected might make yu feel uneasy r afraid. 3 . Instead, embrace the newness f a skill, trust yur ability t adapt and dn’t be afraid t be yurself. Remember, taking a risk like learning a new skill isn’t the same as making impulsive (冲动的) decisins. T avid regrets, make chices and take actins reflecting yur values. Pretend yu’ re already bld.
Yur bld inspiratin desn’t have t be real. Yu culd even think f a character frm a mvie r bk wh’s daring and brave. Then, imagine their bldness in yur life. If yu already knw smene bld, imagine hw they’d act. Studies shw yur md can be affected by yur behavir. 4
5
While there’s pwer in taking n smething new r trying t get what yu want, there’s als the chance yu may fail. Embrace the failure. It’s nt the ppsite f success, it’s a necessary cmpnent. Withut the risk f failure, yu dn’t have the pprtunity fr success.
Being bld lets yu xfrd, embrace, and take charge f yur life.
A．Accept any utcme.
B．Dn’t give in t thse feelings!
C．Take small steps t reach yur gals.
D．Stp thinking and actually d smething.
E．“Fake it until yu make it” has sme truth t it!
F．Part f being bld invlves staying calm and fcused.
G．Develping a bld persnality is a skill yu can practice.
【答案】1．G 2．D 3．B 4．E 5．A
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了如何成为一个更大胆、更自信的人，并给出了一些实用的建议。
1．上文“Want t bst yur self-cnfidence, feel mre empwered, and take charge f yur life? (想要增强自信，增强力量感，掌控自己的生活吗？)”提出增强自信的问题，下文“By embracing a bld mindset, yu will unlck greater cnfidence, resilience, and cntrl ver yur life. Here are sme valuable tips t help yu discver yur passins and strengths, while vercming yur fears. (通过拥抱大胆的心态，你将获得更大的自信、韧性和对生活的掌控力。这里有一些有价值的建议，可以帮助你发现自己的激情和优势，同时克服恐惧)”说明可以通过大胆的心态获得自信，并提供了一些建议，G项“Develping a bld persnality is a skill yu can practice. (培养大胆的性格是一种你可以练习的技能)”承上启下，说明大胆的性格可以练习获得，引出下文的建议。故选G项。
2．上文“Is there smething yu’ve been wanting r trying t d, but can’t seem t get the curage up? (有什么事情是你一直想做或者尝试做的，但是似乎没有勇气去做吗？)”提出缺乏勇气去做的事情，D项“Stp thinking and actually d smething. (别想了，做点什么吧)”承接上文，建议不要空想，要行动起来，符合题意。故选D项。
3．上文“Ding smething new and unexpected might make yu feel uneasy r afraid. (做一些新的、意想不到的事情可能会让你感到不安或害怕)”说明做新的、意想不到的事情会让人感到不安或害怕，下文“Instead, embrace the newness f a skill, trust yur ability t adapt and dn’t be afraid t be yurself. (相反，要接受新技能的全新性，相信自己的适应能力，不要害怕做自己)”建议接受新技能，相信自己的适应能力，不要害怕做自己，B项“Dn’t give in t thse feelings!(不要屈服于这些感觉！)”承上启下，说明不要屈服于不安或害怕的感觉，符合题意。故选B项。
4．上文“Yur bld inspiratin desn’t have t be real. Yu culd even think f a character frm a mvie r bk wh’s daring and brave. Then, imagine their bldness in yur life. If yu already knw smene bld, imagine hw they’d act. Studies shw yur md can be affected by yur behavir.(你大胆的灵感不一定是真实的。你甚至可以想到电影或书中一个大胆勇敢的角色。然后，想象一下他们在你的生活中的大胆表现。如果你已经认识了一个大胆的人，想象一下他们会怎么做。研究表明，你的情绪会受到你的行为的影响)”建议通过想象大胆的人的行为来获得大胆的灵感，且情绪会受行为影响，E项““Fake it until yu make it” has sme truth t it!”(“装作做到了，直到你真的做到了”是有一定道理的！)”承接上文，说明可以通过行为来获得大胆的灵感，符合题意。故选E项。
5．下文“While there’s pwer in taking n smething new r trying t get what yu want, there’s als the chance yu may fail. Embrace the failure. It’s nt the ppsite f success, it’s a necessary cmpnent. Withut the risk f failure, yu dn’t have the pprtunity fr success.(虽然承担新事物或努力得到你想要的东西是有力量的，但你也有可能会失败。拥抱失败。失败不是成功的对立面，而是成功的必要组成部分。没有失败的风险，你就没有成功的机会)”说明要接受失败，A项“Accept any utcme. (接受任何结果)”符合题意，可作为小标题。故选A项。
5.（2025·贵州省六盘水市纽绅中学高三下学期演练考试（一））
Knwing hw t deal with depressin can help yu live a fuller, mre prductive life. The fllwing cping techniques can help ease this mental health cnditin.
Talk t smene
It may sund simple, but it’s effective. Staying cnnected can g a lng way tward managing yur depressin. 1 . Accrding t research, increased scial cnnectin and feeling cnnected can help decrease depressive symptms.
Explre and challenge yur thughts
Depressin can surface thrugh a lt f negative thughts, but yu can learn hw t challenge them with knw-hw and effrt. This desn’t mean just telling yurself everything’s fine. 2 . Fr instance, yu might remind yurself that yu are lved and then give specific examples t supprt this new thught pattern.
Engage in rewarding activities
Engaging in rewarding activities can help yu stay active and ut f depressin. This can invlve scheduled activities f mental health strategies. Fr example, yu can start yur day with psitive self-talk and end it by writing dwn smething yu are grateful fr. 3 .
4
When yu’re struggling with depressin, it can be difficult t be grateful. Hwever, being appreciative has mental health benefits. Fcusing n gratitude can bring yu an increased sense f well-being, and help yu transfrm yur understanding f belngings and abilities int surces f gratitude.
Learn t accept it
Smetimes peple feel frced t apply a label they didn’t want, but it desn’t need t be part f an identity. Struggling t accept its existence, nly brings mre pain. 5 . Depressin is ne f the mind and bdy’s ways f saying yu need t make a change, s accepting it will help facilitate that change.
A．Practice gratitude.
B．Fcus n psitive mments daily.
C．This reminds yu that yu’re nt alne.
D．Jin a fitness club t stay physically active.
E．Including these activities int yur rutine can help with depressin.
F．Rather, it’s a way t lk at yur real situatin and restre yur psitivity.
G．Accepting depressin helps yu becme pen t figure ut what led t the depressin.
【答案】1．C 2．F 3．E 4．A 5．G
【解析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一些如何处理抑郁情绪，改善心理状况的建议。
1．空前提到“Staying cnnected can g a lng way tward managing yur depressin.(保持联系对管理抑郁很有帮助。)”，空后提到“Accrding t research, increased scial cnnectin and feeling cnnected can help decrease depressive symptms.(根据研究，增加社会联系和感觉联系可以帮助减少抑郁症状。)”。C 选项 “This reminds yu that yu’re nt alne(这提醒你并不孤单)”承接上文“社交联系”的作用，且与下文“减少抑郁症状”逻辑一致，说明与人交谈能让人感受到陪伴，从而缓解抑郁。故选C。
2．空前指出“This desn’t mean just telling yurself everything’s fine.(挑战消极想法不是简单告诉自己一切都好。)”，空后举例 “Fr instance, yu might remind yurself that yu are lved and then give specific examples t supprt this new thught pattern.(例如，你可以提醒自己你是被爱着的，然后给出具体的例子来支持这种新的思维模式。)”。F 选项 “Rather, it’s a way t lk at yur real situatin and restre yur psitivity(相反，这是一种审视真实处境并恢复积极心态的方式)”，通过“Rather”形成转折，解释了“挑战消极想法”的真正含义，与下文举例中“用具体例子支持新思维模式”呼应。故选F。
3．本段主题为“Engage in rewarding activities(参与有意义的活动)”，空前“Fr example, yu can start yur day with psitive self-talk and end it by writing dwn smething yu are grateful fr. (例如，你可以以积极的自我对话开始你的一天，并以写下你感激的事情结束它。)”列举了“积极自我对话”和“写下感恩之事”等活动。E 选项 “Including these activities int yur rutine can help with depressin(将这些活动纳入日常可帮助应对抑郁)”总结了活动的作用，逻辑连贯。故选E。
4．空处为段落小标题，需概括段落核心内容。根据后文“When yu’re struggling with depressin, it can be difficult t be grateful. Hwever, being appreciative has mental health benefits. Fcusing n gratitude can bring yu an increased sense f well-being, and help yu transfrm yur understanding f belngings and abilities int surces f gratitude.(当你与抑郁症作斗争时，很难心存感激。然而，感恩对心理健康有好处。专注于感恩可以给你带来更多的幸福感，并帮助你将对财产和能力的理解转化为感恩的源泉。)”强调了感恩对心理健康的益处。A 选项 “Practice gratitude(练习感恩)”直接点明主题，与段落内容完全匹配。故选A。
5．本段主题为“Learn t accept it(学会接受抑郁)”，空前指出“Struggling t accept its existence, nly brings mre pain.(抗拒接受抑郁会带来更多痛苦。)”，空后解释“ it will help facilitate that change.(……接受抑郁有助于促成改变。)”。G 选项“Accepting depressin helps yu becme pen t figure ut what led t the depressin(接受抑郁有助于你敞开心扉找出病因)”承接上文 “接受” 的必要性，并用“helps”引出接受的具体好处，与下文“促成改变”形成递进关系。故选G。
6.（2025·Z20名校联盟（浙江省名校新高考研究联盟）高三下学期第三次模拟）
Whether they’re a member f yur husehld r a visitr arund the hlidays, difficult family members can take a tll n yur mental and emtinal well-being. 1
Express yur needs using “I” statements.
Starting a statement with “yu”tends t sund mre like an accusatin, while “T” statements allw the fcus t be n yur wn thughts and feelings. A difficult family member might be mre respnsive if yu speak t them using an “T” statement. Fr instance, yu culd say, “ 2 ”
3
Draw sme clear lines in the sand t help make yur ptential interactins mre cmfrtable and manageable. This might invlve limiting the amunt f time yu spend tgether, refusing t discuss certain tpics, r refusing t be spken t in a certain way. When smething is vilated, say smething like: “I dn’t like it when yu use pet names with me. Please use my name when we’re speaking.”
Apply cnflict reslutin strategies when necessary.
Instead f appraching arguments and tense cnversatins frm an “nly ne f us can be right” perspective, fcus n finding peaceful and respectful ways t reslve the cnflict, like saying “We’ll have t agree t disagree n this. ” 4 Sme family members are a magnet fr cnflict, and sme fights just aren’t wrth picking.
Avid sensitive cntent in cnversatin.
5 Thus, it’s best t keep them in the “d nt discuss” zne. If yu’re wrried abut uncmfrtable tpics being brught up, try t jin the cnversatin with smene wh shares yur viewpints s yu dn’t feel islated.
A．Create clear bundaries with relatives.
B．It als helps t chse yur battles wisely.
C．Restrict the time yu spend with relatives.
D．Yu need t stp pking yur nse int my persnal life.
E．I feel a bit judged when assumptins are made abut my persnal life.
F．Tpics like plitics and religin definitely have the ptential t get peple annyed.
G．Thankfully, simple strategies can g a lng way when yu're dealing with negative relatives.
【答案】1．G 2．E 3．A 4．B 5．F
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了应对难相处的家庭成员的几种策略。
1．根据上文“Whether they’re a member f yur husehld r a visitr arund the hlidays, difficult family members can take a tll n yur mental and emtinal well-being.(无论是家里的成员还是假期来访的客人，难相处的家庭成员都会对你的精神和情感健康造成影响)以及后文紧接着介绍具体策略，可知，此处需要过渡句引出解决方案。选项 G“值得庆幸的是，在与负面的亲戚打交道时，简单的策略能起到很大作用”承上启下，符合语境。故选G。
2．根据第二段 “A difficult family member might be mre respnsive if yu speak t them using an “T” statement. Fr instance, yu culd say(如果你用“我”开头的话，一个难相处的家庭成员可能会更有反应。例如，你可以说)”可知，此处需举例说明 “我” 语句的用法。选项 E“当有人对我的个人生活做出假设时，我觉得有点被评判了”符合语境。故选E。
3．根据下文“Draw sme clear lines in the sand t help make yur ptential interactins mre cmfrtable and manageable.(划定明确的界限，让潜在的互动更舒适、易管理)”可知本段主题为设定界限。选项 A“与亲戚建立明确的界限”概括段落核心内容，适合作为小标题。符合语境。故选A。
4．根据下文“Sme family members are a magnet fr cnflict, and sme fights just aren’t wrth picking.(有些家庭成员容易引发冲突，有些争吵不值得去挑起)”可知此处强调选择性应对冲突。选项 B“明智地选择战斗也很有帮助”与下文内容呼应，指出合理选择冲突的重要性。符合语境故选B。
5．根据下文“Thus, it’s best t keep them in the “d nt discuss” zne.(因此，最好将它们列为 “不讨论” 的话题)”可知此处需说明应避免的敏感话题。选项 F“像政治和宗教这样的话题肯定有可能让人恼火”列举具体敏感话题，与后文“thus” 形成因果关系。符合语境。故F。
\l "_Tc2717" 考向02 考查段首句
1.（2025·江苏省宿迁市高三下学期考前模拟英语信息卷）
Travel Inspires Us
Travel is nt just abut seeing new places; it’s abut seeing the wrld thrugh new eyes. It’s an pprtunity t learn, t grw and t be inspired. This enlightening jurney begins the mment we step ut f ur cmfrt znes.
Travel teaches us abut diversity. As we explre different cultures, we learn t appreciate the uniqueness f each sciety. It’s fascinating t see hw peple frm varius backgrunds live, wrk and interact. 1 Thrugh this experience, we can realize that there are many ways t live a fulfilling life.
Travel slws us dwn, allwing us t appreciate the present mment. 2 But when we’re immersed in a new envirnment, we’re frced t slw dwn and savr each experience. This mindfulness can lead t a greater appreciatin fr life’s small jys.
3 It’s easy t get caught up in ur wn little wrlds, but when we travel, we’re expsed t new ideas and ways f thinking. This expsure can challenge ur beliefs and encurage us t cnsider alternative viewpints. It’s a pwerful way t expand ur minds and make us becme mre pen-minded.
Travel prvides a surce f inspiratin. Whether it’s the beauty f nature r the grand histrical sites, travel ffers cuntless pprtunities t be inspired. 4
In essence, travel is a pwerful experience that enriches ur lives in cuntless ways. 5 Thrugh travel, we gain a deeper appreciatin fr the diversity f life, the bradening f ur perspectives and the inspiratin that fuels ur passins.
A．Travel bradens ur perspectives.
B．Travel encurages us t challenge urselves.
C．In ur fast-paced lives, it’s easy t verlk the simple pleasures.
D．This understanding fsters empathy and breaks dwn steretypes.
E．It can encurage us t learn t adapt t new systems and different custms.
F．These experiences can spark creativity and mtivate us t pursue ur passins.
G．It’s a jurney that helps us gain new insights int urselves and the wrld arund us.
【答案】1．D 2．C 3．A 4．F 5．G
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了旅行对人们的激励和启发作用。
1．空前“Travel teaches us abut diversity. As we explre different cultures, we learn t appreciate the uniqueness f each sciety. It’s fascinating t see hw peple frm varius backgrunds live, wrk and interact.(旅行教会我们多样性。当我们探索不同的文化时，我们学会了欣赏每个社会的独特性。看到来自不同背景的人如何生活、工作和互动是很有趣的。)”说明旅行让我们了解到不同社会的人的工作和生活，空格处应该说这种了解会给我们带来什么，D选项“This understanding fsters empathy and breaks dwn steretypes.(这种理解培养了同理心，打破了刻板印象。)”说明了理解不同的社会会给我们带来同理心，承接上文，符合语境，故选D。
2．空前“Travel slws us dwn, allwing us t appreciate the present mment.(旅行让我们慢下来，让我们欣赏当下。)”说明旅行会减慢我们的生活节奏，空格处也应该和节奏有关，C选项“In ur fast-paced lives, it’s easy t verlk the simple pleasures.(在我们快节奏的生活中，很容易忽略一些简单的快乐。)”和节奏有关，符合语境，故选C。
3．空格处是本段主旨句，由空后“It’s easy t get caught up in ur wn little wrlds, but when we travel, we’re expsed t new ideas and ways f thinking. This expsure can challenge ur beliefs and encurage us t cnsider alternative viewpints. It’s a pwerful way t expand ur minds and make us becme mre pen-minded.(我们很容易陷入自己的小世界，但当我们旅行时，我们会接触到新的想法和思维方式。这种接触可以挑战我们的信念，鼓励我们考虑不同的观点。这是一个强大的方式来扩展我们的思想，使我们变得更加开放。)”可知，本段主要讲的是旅行会开阔我们的视野，A选项“Travel bradens ur perspectives.(旅行开阔了我们的视野。)”说明了旅行开阔我们的视野，可作为主旨句，故选A。
4．空前“Travel prvides a surce f inspiratin. Whether it’s the beauty f nature r the grand histrical sites, travel ffers cuntless pprtunities t be inspired.(旅行是灵感的源泉。无论是自然之美还是宏伟的历史遗迹，旅行都提供了无数的灵感机会。)”说明旅行给我们提供灵感，F选项“These experiences can spark creativity and mtivate us t pursue ur passins.(这些经历可以激发创造力，激励我们追求自己的激情。)”也和启发我们灵感有关，承接上文，符合语境，故选F。
5．空前“In essence, travel is a pwerful experience that enriches ur lives in cuntless ways.(从本质上讲，旅行是一种强大的体验，它以无数的方式丰富了我们的生活。)”和空后“Thrugh travel, we gain a deeper appreciatin fr the diversity f life, the bradening f ur perspectives and the inspiratin that fuels ur passins.(通过旅行，我们对生活的多样性有了更深的认识，开阔了我们的视野，激发了我们的激情。)”都是对旅行的总的评价，G选项“It’s a jurney that helps us gain new insights int urselves and the wrld arund us.(这是一段旅程，帮助我们对自己和周围的世界有了新的认识。)”也是对旅行的总的评价，承上启下，符合语境，故选G。
2.（2025·江苏省扬州市高三下学期5月调研测试）
The cnnectin we build with ur pets can smetimes be hard t understand frm the utside. When a friend cmes ver, they might find it dd the way we talk t ur dg r think it is silly t put his water bwl in the mst incnvenient spt in the huse. 1
We pet wners knw ur cats and dgs ffer mre than just cmpany — they give us cmfrt and a deep sense f emtinal supprt. In a wrld that ften feels busy, pets are gd at keeping us in the present mment. They’re always there t greet us at the dr, sleep next t us, and play. 2 Just a simple act f petting them can reduce stress and increase the “happiness hrmne”.
In challenging times, such as the lss f a lved ne, a bad breakup r a rugh time at wrk, we may feel dwn. 3 Whether they lick yur tears away, ffer cmfrt r even make a mess in the huse that inevitably keeps yur mind ff things, their presence can help keep yu emtinally engaged and present.
4 After adpting ne, yu’re suddenly respnsible fr keeping a small creature alive. This might sund a bit dramatic, we knw, but let’s be real; that’s hw mst pet wners feel at first! Hwever, nce yu get used t the idea, yu realize yu can feed anther little being cnfidently. That is smething really beneficial fr pet wners.
In ur fast-paced wrld, having a pet can be a true anchr fr building a balanced lifestyle. Our furry friends help us create and stick t a rutine. 5 Mrever, caring fr pets develps respnsibility and structure, teaching wners t priritize self-care alngside wrk r academic demands.
A．Well, that’s hw he likes it!
B．Having a pet cmes with respnsibilities.
C．Hwever, a pet can make all the difference.
D．Owning a pet can aid in bsting yur cnfidence.
E．Mst pet wners find their presence incredibly pleasant.
F．Fr example, a dg’s daily walk enfrces physical activity.
G．G. Setting aside time fr ur pet helps t cultivate a clse bnd.
【答案】1．A 2．E 3．C 4．D 5．F
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍宠物与主人的情感联结及其带来的多方面益处。
1．根据上文的“When a friend cmes ver, they might find it dd the way we talk t ur dg r think it is silly t put his water bwl in the mst incnvenient spt in the huse. (当朋友来访时，他们可能会觉得我们和狗狗说话的方式很奇怪，或者认为把它的水碗放在家里最不方便的位置是件很傻的事。)”可知，朋友对主人的行为表示不理解，空格处需回应这种“不理解”。A选项“Well, that’s hw he likes it!(嗯，他就是喜欢这样！)”以主人的视角解释行为原因，用口语化表达承接上文对“奇怪行为”的描述，体现主人对宠物偏好的了解。故选A项。
2．根据上文的“In a wrld that ften feels busy, pets are gd at keeping us in the present mment. They’re always there t greet us at the dr, sleep next t us, and play. (在这个节奏匆忙的世界里，宠物总能帮助我们活在当下。它们永远在门口等着迎接我们，陪伴我们入睡，并和我们一起玩耍。)”可知，此处列举宠物带来的陪伴感，空格处需总结宠物存在的积极影响。E选项“Mst pet wners find their presence incredibly pleasant.(大多数宠物主人觉得它们的存在非常令人愉悦。)”中的“presence”对应“greet us, sleep next t us, and play”，“incredibly pleasant”概括了陪伴带来的情感满足，与下文“减少压力、增加幸福激素”形成递进。故选E项。
3．根据上文的“In challenging times, such as the lss f a lved ne, a bad breakup r a rugh time at wrk, we may feel dwn. (在困难时期，例如失去亲人、经历糟糕的分手或工作中遇到挫折时，我们可能会感到情绪低落。)”可知，此处描述负面情绪，结合下文的“Whether they lick yur tears away, ffer cmfrt r even make a mess in the huse that inevitably keeps yur mind ff things, their presence can help keep yu emtinally engaged and present. (无论它们是舔去你的泪水、提供安慰，还是在家里制造一些不可避免的小混乱让你暂时分心，它们的存在都能帮助你保持情感上的投入和当下的觉察。)”可知，空格处需引出宠物对负面情绪的改善作用。C选项“Hwever, a pet can make all the difference.(然而，一只宠物可以改变一切。)”通过“Hwever”表示转折，强调宠物在困难时期的关键作用，“make all the difference”与“帮助缓解情绪”形成语义衔接。故选C项。
4．根据下文的“After adpting ne, yu’re suddenly respnsible fr keeping a small creature alive. This might sund a bit dramatic, we knw, but let’s be real; that’s hw mst pet wners feel at first! Hwever, nce yu get used t the idea, yu realize yu can feed anther little being cnfidently. (领养宠物后，你突然要为照顾一个小小的生命负起责任。虽然听上去可能有点夸张，但我们知道，大多数宠物主一开始都会有这样的感受！然而，一旦你逐渐适应这个角色，你就会意识到自己完全可以自信地喂养和照顾另一个小生命。这对宠物主人来说是一件非常有益的事情。)”可知，本段核心是“养宠物带来的自信提升”。D选项“Owning a pet can aid in bsting yur cnfidence.(养宠物有助于增强自信。)”中的“bsting yur cnfidence”直接呼应下文“cnfidently”，作为主题句概括了段落主旨。故选D项。
5．根据上文的“Our furry friends help us create and stick t a rutine.(我们的毛茸茸的朋友帮助我们建立并坚持日常习惯。)”可知，此处强调宠物对生活规律的影响，空格处需举例说明具体习惯。F选项“Fr example, a dg’s daily walk enfrces physical activity.(例如，狗的每日散步会促使主人进行体育活动。)”中的“daily walk”是日常习惯的具体体现，“enfrces physical activity”补充了规律生活对健康的益处，符合“建立日常习惯”的论述逻辑。故选F项。
3.（2025·江苏省南通基地大联考高三下学期模拟预测）
Hnr yur special milestnes
Birthdays are a majr ccasin t celebrate. But there is als jy in recgnizing life’s smaller mments, such as mastering a new skill, r achieving a persnal best in yur favrite sprt. 1 Here’s hw t get started.
First, think abut what yu’d like t celebrate. It can be a recent milestne, r yu can start planning t celebrate a special mment that’s cming up in the future. 2 Fr example, maybe yu did better than yu expected n a difficult test. Perhaps yu tried smething brand-new, r participating in the cunty spelling bee.
Think abut wh helped yu achieve yur milestne r supprted yu alng the way. 3 Or yu culd share a pht f yur recent success t make them smile. If yu decide t have a celebratin, talk t yur family abut inviting clse relatives t share in the festivities with yu. If they live far away, yu can set up a vide call with them.
4 Yur celebratin can be as simple as ding smething tgether with yur family, like having a favrite dinner at hme r at a restaurant, r ging t the mvies. Smething simple — like “Way t g!” — cvers almst any achievement. Or yu can get creative r silly. If yu’re celebrating getting yur braces (牙箍) ff, fr instance, yu can write “Brace yurself fr a new smile!” Celebrate the highlights f yur life, big and small, with these ideas.
Pay it frward. One f the best ways t appreciate what yu’ve accmplished is t give back. If yu have achieved a persnal gal r cmpleted a big prject, yu can use the knwledge yu’ve gained t help thers. If yu passed a recent test, yu culd ffer t help a classmate by tutring them. 5
A．Decide hw yu’ll celebrate.
B．Be nice t smene imprtant t yu.
C．Yu culd send them a nte t thank them.
D．Reflect n any achievements in and ut f schl.
E．Be sure t take plenty f pictures t remember this day.
F．Yu culd als use skills yu’ve learned t cntribute t a cmmunity prject.
G．Celebrating these mments bsts self-cnfidence and increases yur sense f wellbeing.
【答案】1．G 2．D 3．C 4．A 5．F
【解析】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了如何庆祝生活中的重要时刻，包括思考庆祝的内容、感谢帮助者、决定庆祝方式、回报他人等方面。
1．上文“Birthdays are a majr ccasin t celebrate. But there is als jy in recgnizing life’s smaller mments, such as mastering a new skill, r achieving a persnal best in yur favrite sprt.(生日是庆祝的重要时刻。但认识到生活中那些较小的时刻也有乐趣，比如掌握一项新技能，或者在你最喜欢的运动中取得个人最好成绩)”提到庆祝生活中小时刻有乐趣，G选项“Celebrating these mments bsts self-cnfidence and increases yur sense f wellbeing.(庆祝这些时刻能增强自信心，提升幸福感)”进一步阐述了庆祝这些时刻的好处，句中“these mments”与上文中列举的小时刻构成指代关系，与上文衔接自然。故选G项。
2．下文“Fr example, maybe yu did better than yu expected n a difficult test. Perhaps yu tried smething brand new, r participating in the cunty spelling bee.(例如，也许你在一场困难的考试中比预期表现得更好。也许你尝试了全新的事物，或者参加了县拼写比赛)”列举了学校内外取得成就的例子，D选项“Reflect n any achievements in and ut f schl.(反思学校内外的任何成就)”引出下文对成就的举例，符合语境。故选D项。
3．上文“Think abut wh helped yu achieve yur milestne r supprted yu alng the way.(想想是谁帮助你实现了里程碑，或者在这个过程中支持了你)”提到要想到帮助自己的人，C选项“Yu culd send them a nte t thank them.(你可以给他们寄一张便条感谢他们)”给出了感谢这些人的方式，与上文衔接紧密。故选C项。
4．下文“Yur celebratin can be as simple as ding smething tgether with yur family, like having a favrite dinner at hme r at a restaurant, r ging t the mvies.(你的庆祝活动可以像和家人一起做些事情一样简单，比如在家或在餐厅吃一顿喜欢的晚餐，或者去看电影)”介绍了庆祝的方式，A选项“Decide hw yu’ll celebrate.(决定你将如何庆祝)”引出下文关于庆祝方式的内容，可以作为主旨句。故选A项。
5．上文“If yu have achieved a persnal gal r cmpleted a big prject, yu can use the knwledge yu’ve gained t help thers. If yu passed a recent test, yu culd ffer t help a classmate by tutring them.(如果你实现了个人目标或完成了一个大项目，你可以用你获得的知识去帮助别人。如果你最近通过了一场考试，你可以提出辅导同学来帮助他们)”提到用所学知识帮助他人，F选项“Yu culd als use skills yu’ve learned t cntribute t a cmmunity prject.(你也可以用你学到的技能为社区项目做贡献)”进一步说明可以用所学技能为社区项目做贡献，与上文内容构成并列，都是在阐述如何回报他人。故选F项。
4.（2025·湖北省高中名校联盟高三下学期第四次联合测评）
The healing pwer f thinking f thers
Vlunteering can greatly imprve bth emtinal and physical happiness. While self-care is imprtant, helping thers can als be a pwerful path t healing(疗愈). 1 Research highlights its benefits. A 2013 analysis f 40 studies fund that vlunteering reduces depressin and bsts life satisfactin. Additinally, vlunteers at fd banks ften reprt feeling less lnely, while a US study fund they are mre likely t experience calmness, purpse, and peace.
Beynd emtinal benefits, vlunteering als imprves physical health. A Carnegie Melln University study revealed that dedicating 200 hurs a year t vlunteering lwers the risk f high bld pressure by 40%. 2 It is linked t a lwer risk f heart attacks and early death. This cnnectin highlights the clse link between emtinal and physical happiness.
Fr sme, vlunteering can even prvide a helpful escape during emtinal struggles. Therapist Mel Riley shares her wn experience, nting that supprting thers helped her manage her depressin. Riley believes that fcusing n thers can prvide a break frm intense feelings. 3
4 Animal lvers, envirnmental supprters, r thse wh enjy scializing can all find meaningful ways t cntribute. Vlunteering can be frmal, like helping charities, r infrmal, such as assisting a neighbr r jining nline supprt grups. Even sharing yur knwledge in areas like healthy eating r gardening can be meaningful.
Riley emphasizes that vlunteering shuld feel rewarding rather than burdensme. Studies suggest dedicating just tw hurs a week is enugh t gain mental health benefits. 5 Riley warns that frequent tears, anxiety, r feelings f hpelessness may signal burnut. In such cases, stepping back is imprtant, and it’s perfectly kay t say n if yu’re struggling.
A．This shift creates space fr healing.
B．Hwever, it’s crucial t maintain balance.
C．It’s vital fr bth sides’ grwth and happiness.
D．Helping’s jy has been recgnized since the 1980s.
E．Studies shw vlunteering with a strng purpse benefits health.
F．Vlunteering aids emtinal healing and bsts the increase f wealth.
G．Finding the right vlunteer rle depends n persnal interests and skills.
【答案】1．D 2．E 3．A 4．G 5．B
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了为他人着想的治愈力量，特别是通过志愿服务对个人情感和身体健康的积极影响。
1．根据下文“Research highlights its benefits. A 2013 analysis f 40 studies fund that vlunteering reduces depressin and bsts life satisfactin. Additinally, vlunteers at fd banks ften reprt feeling less lnely, while a US study fund they are mre likely t experience calmness, purpse, and peace.(研究突出了它的益处。一项对40项研究的2013年分析发现，志愿服务能减少抑郁并提升生活满意度。此外，在食品救济站做志愿服务的人常表示孤独感减轻了，而美国的一项研究发现，他们更有可能体验到平静、目标感与内心的安宁。)”可知，下文提到了研究指出了志愿服务的益处。选项D“Helping’s jy has been recgnized since the 1980s.(自20世纪80年代起，帮助他人所带来的快乐就已得到认可。)”提到帮助他人的快乐从20世纪80年代就被认可，与后文研究发现帮助他人有益处相呼应。故选D。
2．上文“A Carnegie Melln University study revealed that dedicating 200 hurs a year t vlunteering lwers the risk f high bld pressure by 40%.(卡内基梅隆大学的一项研究表明，每年投入200小时做志愿服务能使患高血压的风险降低40%。)”指出志愿活动能降低高血压风险；而下文“It is linked t a lwer risk f heart attacks and early death.(它与降低心脏病发作和过早死亡的风险相关。)”则说它与降低心脏病发作和早逝风险有关。选项E“Studies shw vlunteering with a strng purpse benefits health.(研究显示，带着强烈目的去做志愿服务有益于健康。)”指出有强烈目的的志愿活动有益于健康，能很好地承接上下文，进一步说明志愿活动对健康的好处。故选E。
3．上文“Therapist Mel Riley shares her wn experience, nting that supprting thers helped her manage her depressin. Riley believes that fcusing n thers can prvide a break frm intense feelings.(治疗师Mel Riley分享了她自己的经历，她指出帮助他人帮助她应对了抑郁症。Riley认为，专注于他人能让人从强烈的情感中暂时解脱出来。)”提到治疗师 Mel Riley 认为专注于他人能让自己从强烈的情绪中解脱出来。选项A“This shift creates space fr healing.(这种转变为治愈创造了空间。)”中的“This shift”指代前文专注于他人的这种转变，“creates space fr healing”说明这种转变为疗愈创造了空间，与前文内容衔接紧密。故选A。
4．空处为段首句，为本段主要内容。下文“Animal lvers, envirnmental supprters, r thse wh enjy scializing can all find meaningful ways t cntribute. Vlunteering can be frmal, like helping charities, r infrmal, such as assisting a neighbr r jining nline supprt grups. Even sharing yur knwledge in areas like healthy eating r gardening can be meaningful.(动物爱好者、环保支持者，或者那些喜欢社交的人，都能找到有意义的方式来做出贡献。志愿服务可以是正式的，比如为慈善机构提供帮助，也可以是非正式的，比如帮助邻居或加入在线支持团体。甚至在健康饮食或园艺等领域分享自己的知识也可能意义非凡。)”提到动物爱好者、环境支持者等不同兴趣的人都能找到有意义的志愿方式，以及志愿活动可以是正式的或非正式的等内容。选项G“Finding the right vlunteer rle depends n persnal interests and skills.(找到合适的志愿角色取决于个人兴趣和技能。)”指出找到合适的志愿角色取决于个人兴趣和技能，能够概括后文内容。故选G。
5．上文“Riley emphasizes that vlunteering shuld feel rewarding rather than burdensme. Studies suggest dedicating just tw hurs a week is enugh t gain mental health benefits. (Riley强调，志愿服务应该让人感到有回报，而不是成为负担。研究表明，每周只需投入两小时做志愿服务就足以获得心理健康方面的益处。)”指出每周花两小时做志愿就足以获得心理健康益处；而下文“Riley warns that frequent tears, anxiety, r feelings f hpelessness may signal burnut. In such cases, stepping back is imprtant, and it’s perfectly kay t say n if yu’re struggling.( Riley警告说，频繁流泪、焦虑或绝望感可能是倦怠的信号。在这种情况下，后退一步很重要，如果你感到挣扎，拒绝参与也完全没问题。)”则提到如果出现频繁流泪、焦虑等可能是倦怠的信号，需要后退。选项B“Hwever, it’s crucial t maintain balance.(然而，保持平衡至关重要。)”中的“Hwever”表示转折，说明在做志愿时要保持平衡，既提到了做志愿有好处，又引出了不能过度做志愿，要注意平衡的内容。故选B。
5.（2025·河北省部分校名校联考高三下学期5月全仿真预测）
Uncvering yur strengths is imprtant fr career grwth and persnal satisfactin. 1 By understanding yur natural abilities, yu psitin yurself t excel (擅长) in rles that fit with yur talents.
Identifying cre interests.
Understanding yur cre interests is key t discvering yur strengths and advancing yur career. These interests ften guide yur prfessinal jurney, leading yu twards rles that resnate with yur passins. 2 Think abut mments when yu felt mst engaged and energized at wrk r in persnal prjects — these can reveal yur inner mtivatins. Self-reflectin is a pwerful tl in this prcess.
Reflecting n past achievements.
Reviewing yur past achievements can help identify yur cre strengths and capabilities. These achievements, whether large r small, ften highlight patterns in yur behavir and areas where yu naturally excel. 3
Testing abilities in new rles.
Explring new rles allws yu t test yur abilities and uncver strengths yu may nt have realized. 4 Fr example, vlunteering fr crss-departmental prjects can reveal adaptability and prblem-slving skills. Jb rtatins (轮换) r temprary assignments within yur rganizatin are als effective fr testing yur abilities. These experiences let yu experiment with different rles withut cmmitting t a permanent change, helping yu refine skills and discver new interests in a practical setting.
Matching yur strengths t yur career gals.
5 This ensures that yur daily tasks and lng-term bjectives are in sync (同步), enhancing bth satisfactin and perfrmance. Fcusing n rles that use yur strengths can lead t greater jb success.
A．Reflect n activities r tpics that cnsistently catch yur attentin.
B．After yu knw yur advantages, cnnect them with yur career gals.
C．Knwing what yu’re gd at helps yu chse yur career path better.
D．Clleagues can ffer different views that help yu understand yurself better.
E．Taking n pprtunities utside yur cmfrt zne can uncver hidden talents.
F．Explring different fields can be exciting, but it can als be challenging and stressful.
G．By analyzing these successes, yu can better understand the skills that cntributed t them.
【答案】1．C 2．A 3．G 4．E 5．B
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了了解自身优势对于职业发展和个人满足感的重要性，并从识别核心兴趣、反思过去成就、在新角色中测试能力以及将自身优势与职业目标相匹配这四个方面介绍了如何发现自身优势。
1．由上文“Uncvering yur strengths is imprtant fr career grwth and persnal satisfactin. (了解自己的优势对于职业发展和个人满足感很重要。)”可知，本空应进一步阐述了解自身优势的好处。C选项“Knwing what yu’re gd at helps yu chse yur career path better. (了解自己擅长什么有助于你更好地选择职业道路。)”进一步说明了了解自身优势的好处，能承接上文，符合题意。故选C。
2．由上文“Understanding yur cre interests is key t discvering yur strengths and advancing yur career. These interests ften guide yur prfessinal jurney, leading yu twards rles that resnate with yur passins. (了解你的核心兴趣是发现你的优势和推进你的职业生涯的关键。这些兴趣通常会引导你的职业生涯，引导你走向与你的激情产生共鸣的角色。)”可知，本空应进一步说明如何识别核心兴趣。A选项“Reflect n activities r tpics that cnsistently catch yur attentin. (反思那些一直吸引你注意力的活动或话题。)”提供了识别核心兴趣的方法，能承接上文，符合题意。故选A。
3．由上文“Reviewing yur past achievements can help identify yur cre strengths and capabilities. These achievements, whether large r small, ften highlight patterns in yur behavir and areas where yu naturally excel. (回顾你过去的成就可以帮助你识别你的核心优势和能力。这些成就，无论大小，通常都会突出你行为中的模式和你自然擅长的领域。)”可知，本空应进一步说明如何通过分析过去的成就来理解自己的优势。G选项“By analyzing these successes, yu can better understand the skills that cntributed t them. (通过分析这些成功，你可以更好地理解促成这些成功的技能。)”提供了具体的方法，能承接上文，符合题意。故选G。
4．由上文“Explring new rles allws yu t test yur abilities and uncver strengths yu may nt have realized. (探索新角色可以让你测试自己的能力，发现你可能没有意识到的优势。)”可知，本空应强调探索新角色的好处。E选项“Taking n pprtunities utside yur cmfrt zne can uncver hidden talents. (接受舒适区之外的机会可以发掘隐藏的才能。)”进一步强调了探索新角色的重要性，能承接上文，符合题意。故选E。
5．由下文“This ensures that yur daily tasks and lng-term bjectives are in sync (同步), enhancing bth satisfactin and perfrmance. Fcusing n rles that use yur strengths can lead t greater jb success. (这确保了你的日常任务和长期目标同步，提高了满意度和绩效。专注于发挥你优势的角色可以带来更大的工作成功。)”可知，本空应需要强调将自身优势与职业目标相匹配。B选项“After yu knw yur advantages, cnnect them with yur career gals. (在了解了自己的优势之后，将它们与你的职业目标联系起来。)”直接点明了主题，符合题意。故选B。
6.（2025·河南省实验中学高三下学期第四次模拟）
Many students feel like they simply d nt have strng memry skills. Frtunately, thugh, anyne can train and develp their memrizing abilities. Here are sme simple tips t try.
Link it. Cnnect the infrmatin yu are trying t memrize t smething that yu already knw. Material in islatin (孤立) is mre difficult t remember than material that is cnnected t ther cncepts. Fr example, say yu are trying t memrize the fact that water at sea level bils at 212 degrees Fahrenheit, and 212 happens t be the first three digits f yur best friend’s phne number. 1 It’s a crazy link, but it can help that fact t stick.
Self-test. Test yurself every s ften by actively recalling the infrmatin yu are trying t study. Make sure t actively test yurself. 2 Often, students think they remember material just because it is familiar t them when they reread it. Instead, ask yurself questins and frce yurself t remember it withut lking at the answer r material. 3 Yu can then g back t ne f the memry tricks t help yurself memrize it.
4 Fr a cncept t mve frm yur temprary wrking memry t yur lng-term memry, tw things need t happen: the cncept shuld be memrable and it shuld be repeated. Use repetitin t firmly plant infrmatin in yur memry. Repetitin techniques can invlve things like flash cards and self-testing. Space ut yur studying and repetitin ver several days. 5 Spacing it ut and gradually extending the times in between can help us becme mre certain f ur mastery and lck the cncepts int place.
A．Use distributed practice.
B．Repetitin is never enugh.
C．D nt simply reread ntes r a textbk.
D．This repetitin is pwerful fr lng-term memry.
E．Then increase the time in between each study sessin.
F．This will help yu identify areas yu are struggling with.
G．Link these tw by imagining thrwing yur phne int a biling cean.
【答案】1．G 2．C 3．F 4．A 5．E
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了如何通过链接信息、自我测试和分散练习等方法来训练和提高记忆力。
1．由上文“Link it. Cnnect the infrmatin yu are trying t memrize t smething that yu already knw. Material in islatin (孤立) is mre difficult t remember than material that is cnnected t ther cncepts. Fr example, say yu are trying t memrize the fact that water at sea level bils at 212 degrees Fahrenheit, and 212 happens t be the first three digits f yur best friend’s phne number. (建立联系。将你试图记忆的信息与你已经知道的事物关联起来。孤立的信息比与其他概念相关联的信息更难记住。例如，你试图记住海平面上的水在212华氏度时沸腾，而212恰好是你最好朋友的电话号码的前三位数字。)”可知，孤立的信息比与已知概念相连的信息更难记忆。这里举了一个例子，说明如何将两个看似无关的信息联系起来。因此，本空应强调如何将这两个信息联系起来。G选项“Link these tw by imagining thrwing yur phne int a biling cean. (想象一下把你的手机扔进沸腾的海洋里，把这两者联系起来。)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选G。
2．由上文“Make sure t actively test yurself. (一定要主动测试自己。)”及下文“Often, students think they remember material just because it is familiar t them when they reread it. Instead, ask yurself questins and frce yurself t remember it withut lking at the answer r material. (通常，学生们认为他们记住了材料，只是因为当他们重读时，材料对他们来说是熟悉的。相反，要问自己问题，并强迫自己在不看答案或材料的情况下记住它。)”可知，本空应介绍不要仅仅通过重读来测试自己。C选项“D nt simply reread ntes r a textbk. (不要只是重读笔记或课本。)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选C。
3．由上文“Instead, ask yurself questins and frce yurself t remember it withut lking at the answer r material. (相反，要问自己问题，并强迫自己在不看答案或材料的情况下记住它。)”及下文“Yu can then g back t ne f the memry tricks t help yurself memrize it. (然后你可以回到其中一个记忆技巧来帮助自己记住它。)”可知，本空应介绍这种做法的好处。F选项“This will help yu identify areas yu are struggling with. (这将帮助你找出你正在挣扎的领域。)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选F。
4．由下文“Fr a cncept t mve frm yur temprary wrking memry t yur lng-term memry, tw things need t happen: the cncept shuld be memrable and it shuld be repeated. Use repetitin t firmly plant infrmatin in yur memry. Repetitin techniques can invlve things like flash cards and self-testing. Space ut yur studying and repetitin ver several days. (要将一个概念从你的短期工作记忆转化为长期记忆，需要发生两件事：这个概念应该是容易记住的，并且需要重复。利用重复将信息牢固地植入你的记忆中。重复技巧可以包括抽认卡和自我测试等方式。将你的学习和重复分散到几天内进行。)”可知，本空应强调通过分散练习的重要性。A选项“Use distributed practice. (使用分散练习。)”能概括本段主旨，符合题意。故选A。
5．由下文“Spacing it ut and gradually extending the times in between can help us becme mre certain f ur mastery and lck the cncepts int place. (分散时间，并逐渐延长间隔时间，可以帮助我们更确定自己的掌握程度，并将概念锁定到位。)”可知，本空应强调逐渐延长学习间隔。E选项“Then increase the time in between each study sessin. (然后增加每次学习之间的时间。)”能引出下文，符合题意。故选E。
\l "_Tc30632" 考向03 考查段中句
1.（2025·辽宁辽西重点高中高三第二次模拟）
Hw t Prepare fr Cllege
Attending cllege fr the first time is an exciting step in life. 1 . Frm imprving yur skills, like time management and empathy, t challenging yurself with high-level classes and extracurricular activities, yu’ll discver numerus ways t ensure yu’re mentally and emtinally ready fr sme f yur life’s mst unique and exciting years. Therefre, let’s explre sme things yu can d nw t prepare fr yur adventures.
2 .
Learning hw t study prperly is crucial. Many students find that high schl study methds dn’t wrk in cllege. S adjusting study habits early prepares yu fr academic challenges. Fr example, active studying, like explaining cncepts alud r slving practice prblems, ensures deeper understanding. 3 . And yu have t learn t spread yur study sessins thrughut the semester, avid distractins by chsing a quiet study space, and reward yurself after cmpleting tasks, etc.
Participate in extracurricular activities
Universities, clleges, and ther learning institutins appreciate seeing extracurricular activities n yur applicatin. These experiences may als build imprtant skills needed t succeed in cllege and beynd. Fr instance, jining a debate club imprves critical thinking, while vlunteering builds empathy. 4 .
Imprve time management
Balancing academics and persnal life requires strng time management. 5 . It can be achieved by using tls like calendars r apps, and setting realistic daily gals. Additinally, break tasks int smaller steps t avid feeling verwhelmed.
A．Meet cllege requirements
B．Develp effective study habits
C．Frming study grups als helps
D．S, creating a rutine can help yu stay rganized
E．Yu shuld chse the curses that really interest yu
F．And being prepared can make it all that mre satisfying
G．Clleges value students wh shw passin beynd academics
【答案】1．F 2．B 3．C 4．G 5．D
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要围绕“如何为上大学做准备”这一主题展开，提供了多个方面的建议，包括培养有效的学习习惯、参与课外活动以及提高时间管理能力等。旨在帮助读者更好地为大学生活做准备。
1．根据上文“Attending cllege fr the first time is an exciting step in life.(第一次上大学是人生中令人兴奋的一个阶段。)”提到上大学是令人兴奋的事情；而空后“Frm imprving yur skills, like time management and empathy, t challenging yurself with high-level classes and extracurricular activities, yu’ll discver numerus ways t ensure yu’re mentally and emtinally ready fr sme f yur life’s mst unique and exciting years.(从提升诸如时间管理和共情能力等技能，到通过高水平课程和课外活动挑战自我，你会发现有很多方法能让你在精神和情感上为人生中这些独特又令人兴奋的时光做好准备。)”则指出我们需要为上大学做好准备。选项F“And being prepared can make it all that mre satisfying(做好准备能让上大学这件事变得更加令人满意。)”承上启下，说明做好准备能让上大学这件事更令人满意，符合语境。故选F。
2．空处为本段小标题，为本段主要内容。根据下文“Learning hw t study prperly is crucial. Many students find that high schl study methds dn’t wrk in cllege. S adjusting study habits early prepares yu fr academic challenges.(学会正确地学习至关重要。许多学生发现高中的学习方法在大学里并不适用。所以尽早调整学习习惯能让你为应对学业挑战做好准备。)”可知，本段主要讲的是要培养有效的学习习惯。选项B“Develp effective study habits(培养有效的学习习惯)”能够准确概括本段内容。故选B。
3．根据上文“Fr example, active studying, like explaining cncepts alud r slving practice prblems, ensures deeper understanding.(例如，主动学习，比如大声解释概念或解决练习题，能确保更深入地理解知识。)”提到了一些有效的学习方法。选项C“Frming study grups als helps(组建学习小组也很有帮助。)”也是一种学习方法，与前文并列，且选项中“als”这个词也表明了它与前文内容的关联性。故选C。
4．根据上文“Universities, clleges, and ther learning institutins appreciate seeing extracurricular activities n yur applicatin. These experiences may als build imprtant skills needed t succeed in cllege and beynd. Fr instance, jining a debate club imprves critical thinking, while vlunteering builds empathy.(大学和其他学习机构乐于在你的申请中看到课外活动的经历。这些经历也能培养你在大学及以后取得成功所需的重要技能。例如，加入辩论俱乐部能提高批判性思维能力，而做志愿活动能培养共情能力。)”可知，上文提到大学以及其他学习机构很重视课外活动。选项G“Clleges value students wh shw passin beynd academics(大学重视在学术之外表现出热情的学生)”进一步说明了大学对学生参加课外活动的重视，与该段主题相符。故选G。
5．根据下文“It can be achieved by using tls like calendars r apps, and setting realistic daily gals.(这可以通过使用日历或应用程序等工具，以及设定现实的每日目标来实现。)”可推测，空处和计划相关。选项D“S, creating a rutine can help yu stay rganized(所以，制定一个日常计划可以帮助你保持条理。)”中的“creating a rutine”是时间管理的一种方法，与后文内容相呼应。故选D。
2.（2025·江西省华大新高考联盟高三下学期名校高考预测卷（三模））
Many f us start a “health kick” r “rganizatin drive”, seeking t change all ur behavirs at nce. 1 A typical reasn why New Year’s reslutins dn’t wrk is that peple try t change t many things at nce. Changing even a small habit requires time and effrt, and trying t change several things at nce ften results in failure.
Taking ne step at a time may invlve breaking a habit int smaller parts and addressing each part individually. 2 Starting small can be effective; fr example, if yu want t drink mre water, begin with ne glass daily at the same time. After a few days, gradually increase yur intake instead f attempting t drink eight glasses right away.
3 Instead f trying t reinvent yurself, fcus n adjusting the aspects yu’re unhappy with. Aiming fr “gd enugh” in yur habits bsts yur chances f success, while striving fr “perfect” can lead t failure. Fr instance, giving up cigarettes might be achievable, but expecting t cut ut all treats, drink three liters f water daily, and g t the gym five times a week is unrealistic.
Include small rewards int yur plan fr achieving milestnes. This culd include a treat (nt chclate if yu’re trying t lse weight), a small gift, r time spent enjying a mvie r a ht bath. 4
Finally, seek supprt frm trusted individuals and replace bad habits with better nes. 5 By fcusing n gradual changes and realistic gals, yu can imprve yur chances f lng-term success.
A．Invite supprt.
B．Be realistic abut yur gals.
C．Hwever, this rarely leads t success.
D．Find ways t remind yurself why yu are ding this.
E．Celebrate yur achievements, but avid self-criticism.
F．It’s essential t create a clear plan utlining what yu will d and when.
G．Finding alternative activities can make it easier t break unwanted behavirs.
【答案】1．C 2．F 3．B 4．E 5．G
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讨论了人们在改变习惯时，经常因一次性尝试过多而失败的现象。文章建议人们采取逐步改变的方法，设定现实目标并逐步实施，以提高成功的可能性。同时，获取支持和奖励自己也是实现长期改变的重要策略。
1．根据上文“Many f us start a “health kick” r “rganizatin drive”, seeking t change all ur behavirs at nce.(我们很多人会发起“健康运动”或“组织活动”，试图一次性改变自己的所有行为习惯)”以及后文“A typical reasn why New Year’s reslutins dn’t wrk is that peple try t change t many things at nce. Changing even a small habit requires time and effrt, and trying t change several things at nce ften results in failure.(新年决心未能实现的一个常见原因在于，人们试图一次性改变太多的事情。哪怕只是改变一个小小的习惯也需要时间和精力，而试图同时改变多个方面往往会导致失败)”可知，第一段开头提到人们试图一次性改变所有行为，空后句提到新年决心不起作用的一个典型原因是人们试图一次改变太多的事情。C选项“然而，这种情况很少能带来成功”承接前一句，说明这种做法的结果或问题，并自然过渡到失败原因。故选C。
2．根据上文“Taking ne step at a time may invlve breaking a habit int smaller parts and addressing each part individually(一步一步来可能意味着要将一个习惯分解成更小的部分，然后分别去解决每一部分的问题)”以及后文“Starting small can be effective; fr example, if yu want t drink mre water, begin with ne glass daily at the same time. After a few days, gradually increase yur intake instead f attempting t drink eight glasses right away.(从小事做起往往也能取得成效。比如，如果你想多喝水，可以先从每天在同一时间喝一杯水开始。几天后，再逐渐增加饮水量，而不是一开始就试图一口气喝下八杯水)”可知，第二段讲逐步改变习惯的方法，先提到分解习惯，后给出从小处开始的例子(如每天喝一杯水)。选项F“制定一个清晰的计划是至关重要的，该计划应明确说明你要做什么以及何时去做”承接前文的分解方法，并引出具体实施方法，强调计划对逐步改变的重要性，并与后文从小处开始的例子相呼应。故选F。
3．根据本段内容“Instead f trying t reinvent yurself, fcus n adjusting the aspects yu’re unhappy with. Aiming fr “gd enugh” in yur habits bsts yur chances f success, while striving fr “perfect” can lead t failure. Fr instance, giving up cigarettes might be achievable, but expecting t cut ut all treats, drink three liters f water daily, and g t the gym five times a week is unrealistic.(与其试图彻底改变自己，不如专注于调整那些让你感到不满的方面。在习惯上追求“足够好”能增加成功的几率，而追求“完美”则可能导致失败。例如，戒烟或许是可以做到的，但期望完全杜绝所有零食、每天喝三升水以及每周去健身房五次则是不切实际的)”可知，本空位于段首，为段落主题句。本段讲述了在习惯改变中应注重调整不满意的方面，而非追求完美。设定“足够好”的目标能提高成功率, 而过高的期望往往导致失败。选项B“要对你的目标保持现实的态度”引出这一段的建议，统领全段内容。故选 B。
4．根据上文“Include small rewards int yur plan fr achieving milestnes. This culd include a treat (nt chclate if yu’re trying t lse weight), a small gift, r time spent enjying a mvie r a ht bath.(在实现阶段性目标的计划中加入一些小奖励。这些奖励可以是某种小礼物（如果你正在减肥的话，就不要选择巧克力了），也可以是一份小惊喜，比如一起看场电影或者泡个热水澡的时光)”可知，第四段讲述了奖励的重要性，本空位于段尾，需表达总结或补充奖励的意义。选项E“要庆祝自己的成就，但要避免自我批评”与前文“奖励的积极鼓励”相呼应，且文章下一段已转向新主题，E项符合语境。故选E。
5．根据上文“Finally, seek supprt frm trusted individuals and replace bad habits with better nes.(最后，要寻求可信赖之人的支持，并用更好的习惯取代不良习惯)”可知，最后一段讲述了寻求支持和替换习惯，空后句“By fcusing n gradual changes and realistic gals, yu can imprve yur chances f lng-term success.(通过注重渐进式的改变以及制定切实可行的目标，你就能增加实现长期成功的机会)”总结成功的关键是通过关注渐进的变化和现实可行的目标。选项G“寻找其他活动方式能够更有效地帮助我们克服不良行为”与前文中的“replace bad habits”呼应，承接“替换习惯”并引出总结。故选G。
3.（2025·重庆市巴蜀中学高三下学期5月适应性月考（九））
Hw T Get What Yu Want Withut Using Cash
When we see smething we want, we pay fr it. But fr Cyndi Benitez, her handmade sap is her currency. She exchanges it fr things like tea, hney, and scarves. 1 .
If yu’re interested, barterers share real-wrld tips n hw t bring up the pssibility f trading with thers.
Cme up with smething t swap
2 . Exchange carrts frm yur garden r eggs frm yur chickens. Hmemade gds and creative hbbies can be bartered t. If yu’re int sewing, maybe yu mend smene’s pants.
3 . Organizers f the Okangan Family Barter Faire, which facilitates the exchange f an estimated $250,000 wrth f gds and services each year, say their participants trade everything frm furs t jewelry.
Find peple wh are willing t trade
Bartering is nt a sl endeavr and yu need t find flks wh are willing t engage. 4 . Think neighbrs, friends, cwrkers and grups yu’re already a part f. Then reach ut. The gal is simply t pen the dr t the pssibility. 5
Let’s say yu’re a massage therapist (按摩师) and yur neighbr is a carpenter. Have a cnversatin abut the arrangement. Hw many massages wuld feel equal t the labr invlved in, say, reding yur back prch? “Whatever the trade lks like, yu want it t be respectful·and fair in terms f time, effrt and energy,” says Alnnah Hurley, an experienced barterer.
Keep at it, and yu might be surprised by the utcme.
A．Create a fair trade
B．Keep at what yu d
C．But yu dn’t have t lk far
D．Dn’t be afraid t turn a purchase int a swap
E．Fd is always a ppular chice, ur experts say
F．Anything is fair game as lng as there’s a market fr it
G．Bartering can be a resurceful way t get what we need withut using cash
【答案】1．G 2．E 3．F 4．C 5．A
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了以物易物的实用技巧。
1．前文“But fr Cyndi Benitez, her handmade sap is her currency. She exchanges it fr things like tea, hney, and scarves. (但对Cyndi Benitez而言，她手工制作的肥皂就是她的货币。她用这些肥皂来交换茶叶、蜂蜜和围巾等物品)”提到Cyndi Benitez用手工皂交换茶、蜂蜜等物品，后文段落具体介绍以物易物的实用技巧，因此G项“Bartering can be a resurceful way t get what we need withut using cash (以物易物是一种无需现金就能获取所需资源的巧妙方式)”符合语境，解释以物易物的含义，承接前文具体案例，引出后文指导建议。故选G。
2．前文“Cme up with smething t swap (想好可以用来交换的东西)”表明本段围绕可交换的物品展开，后文“Exchange carrts frm yur garden r eggs frm yur chickens. (可以用你菜园里的胡萝卜或自家养的鸡蛋来交换)”列举蔬菜、鸡蛋等实例，因此E项“Fd is always a ppular chice, ur experts say (专家表示，食物始终是热门选择)”符合语境，指出食物很容易交换，后文是对其例证，其中的Fd与后文的carrts和eggs呼应。故选E。
3．前文“Organizers f the Okangan Family Barter Faire, which facilitates the exchange f an estimated $250,000 wrth f gds and services each year, say their participants trade everything frm furs t jewelry. (奥卡诺根家庭易物集市的组织者表示，他们的参与者交易的商品从毛皮到珠宝应有尽有。该集市每年促成价值约25万美元的商品和服务交换)”举例年度易物集市交易品类非常丰富，交易量庞大，因此F项“Anything is fair game as lng as there’s a market fr it (只要存在市场需求，任何物品都可交易)”符合语境，说明以物易物适用的范围很广泛，后文是对其例证。故选F。
4．前文“Bartering is nt a sl endeavr and yu need t find flks wh are willing t engage. (以物易物不是单打独斗的事，你需要找到愿意参与交易的人)”强调寻找交易伙伴的重要性，后文“Think neighbrs, friends, cwrkers and grups yu’re already a part f. (不妨考虑你身边的邻居、朋友、同事，以及你已加入的社群团体)”列举身边潜在的人群，因此C项“But yu dn’t have t lk far (但你无需舍近求远)”符合语境，指出交易伙伴可能就在身边，和前文构成转折，引出后文的例子。故选C。
5．后文“Let’s say yu’re a massage therapist (按摩师) and yur neighbr is a carpenter. Have a cnversatin abut the arrangement. Hw many massages wuld feel equal t the labr invlved in, say, reding yur back prch? “Whatever the trade lks like, yu want it t be respectful·and fair in terms f time, effrt and energy,” says Alnnah Hurley, an experienced barterer. (假设你是一名按摩师，而你的邻居是木匠。你们可以商量一个交换方案——比如翻新你家后门廊的木工活，需要多少次按摩服务才算公平？“无论交换形式如何，关键是要在时间、精力和付出方面保持相互尊重和公平，”资深易物者Alnnah Hurley这样建议)”用按摩师与木匠的案例具体说明如何公平交易，空处是段落标题，应建议公平交易，且需和其他段落标题一样使用祈使句的形式，因此A项“Create a fair trade (创建公平交易)”符合语境，契合后文内容，其中的fair与后文的respectful and fair呼应。故选A。
4.（2025·广东省广州市天河区普通高中毕业班综合测试（三））
Which is lighter in clr: a grass lawn r a pine tree? The lawn, right? And hw did yu decide? Almst certainly by “seeing” them bth in yur mind, and cmparing the tw shades f green.
But nt everyne can d that. Using this questin, research revealed aphantasia — an inability t frm mental images — affecting 2-5% f the ppulatin. While mst peple use mental imagery t help them remember, aphantasiacs have t use ther techniques. 1
2 Be bservant abut sunds, textures, tastes, and particularly smells. Practice bringing these t mind, and use them whenever yu can t cnnect with yur memries.
Anther pwerful methd invlves cnnecting memries t emtinal experiences. 3 Hw did yu feel when yu visited the place, watched the film, r read the bk that yu’re trying t recall?
Think lgically. 4 Fr instance, by analyzing a series f events, yu might determine when smething ccurred. Similarly, retracing yur steps and piecing thrugh yur day can help yu figure ut where yu lst a pssessin.
Additinally, try t create muscle memry. If yu’ve dne smething many times, it may be easier t stp trying t remember it, and just let it happen. 5
These are strategies that many peple with aphantasia rely n, instead f image clues, and we can all learn smething frm them.
A．Start by bserving everything arund yu.
B．These are the ways we can all learn and recall infrmatin.
C．One effective apprach is t actively engage senses beynd visin.
D．T imprve memry, fcus n physical exercise as well as mental effrt.
E．Feelings help t stre lng-term memries, s use them t bst recall, t.
F．Even withut visual clues, yu can als use reasning t unlck the mysteries f yur past.
G．If yu can’t recall a passwrd, fr example, check whether yur fingers can just type it autmatically.
【答案】1．C 2．A 3．E 4．F 5．G
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了心盲症（aphantasia）患者无法形成心理图像的特点，并提供了几种替代视觉记忆的记忆策略，包括调动其他感官、关联情感体验、逻辑推理和肌肉记忆等。
1．前文“While mst peple use mental imagery t help them remember, aphantasiacs have t use ther techniques.(虽然大多数人使用心理意象来帮助他们记忆，但心盲症患者必须使用其他技巧。)”指出心盲症患者需使用其他记忆技巧，后文“Be bservant abut sunds, textures, tastes, and particularly smells.(留意声音、质地、味道，尤其是气味)”具体描述非视觉记忆方法。由此可知，空处应引出多感官记忆策略。C项“一种有效的方法是积极调动视觉以外的感官”能承上启下，故选C。
2．后文“Be bservant abut sunds, textures, tastes, and particularly smells. Practice bringing these t mind, and use them whenever yu can t cnnect with yur memries.(留意声音、质感、味道，尤其是气味。练习将这些元素融入脑海，并尽可能地利用它们来连接你的记忆。)”强调通过观察非视觉感官辅助记忆，空处应为总起句。A项“从观察周围的一切开始”与后文“观察声音、触感等”直接呼应，故选A。
3．前文“Anther pwerful methd invlves cnnecting memries t emtinal experiences(另一种有效的方法是将记忆与情感体验联系起来)”提到情感与记忆的关联，后文“Hw did yu feel when yu visited the place, watched the film, r read the bk that yu’re trying t recall?(当你参观那个地方、观看那部电影或阅读那本书时，你是什么感觉？)”进一步追问情感体验。E项“情感有助于存储长期记忆，因此也可用它增强回忆”是对该段主旨的概括，故选E。
4．前文“Think lgically”(有逻辑地思考)”提出逻辑思维的作用，后文举例“Fr instance, by analyzing a series f events, yu might determine when smething ccurred. Similarly, retracing yur steps and piecing thrugh yur day can help yu figure ut where yu lst a pssessin.(例如，通过分析一系列事件，你可以确定某件事情发生的时间。同样，回顾你的步骤，拼凑你的一天，可以帮助你找出你丢失了什么)”通过分析事件序列确定时间。F项“即使没有视觉线索，也可通过推理解锁过去”引起下文，故选F。
5．前文“Additinally, try t create muscle memry. If yu’ve dne smething many times, it may be easier t stp trying t remember it, and just let it happen.(此外，尝试创造肌肉记忆。如果你已经做过某事很多次，那么可能更容易停止尝试去记住它，而是让它自然发生。)”强调依靠肌肉记忆，空处承接上文，进一步进行解释。G项“比如忘记密码时，让手指自动输入”符合，通过具体事例进行解释，完美体现肌肉记忆的应用，故选G。
5.（2025·河北省张家口市普通高中学业水平选择性模拟考试三模）
The mre I travel, the mre I feel like I understand the wrld, the peple in it, and, ften, myself. Getting ff the beaten path, meeting lcals, and visiting incredible sites have made my life better. 1 While I g int a lt f depth in my new bk n budget travel, I want t share sme tips with yu.
Pack light. Write dwn a list f essentials, cut it in half, and then nly pack that! Take half the clthes yu think yu will need. 2 It’s OK t wear the same T-shirt a few days in a rw.
Stay in hstels. They are cheap, they rganize events, yu’ll meet a lt f peple, and they are just tns f fun! Hstelwrld is the best hstel-accmmdatin website ut there, with the largest inventry (房源), best search interface, and highest availability. 3
Take free walking turs. 4 Yu will lve taking walking turs when yu travel. Yu will pass the time and get t learn s much abut where yu are. They have explded in ppularity in the last few years and yu can find them in nearly any majr city in the wrld.
5 This is prbably ne f the mst underused travel tips in the wrld. Turism infrmatin centers knw abut everything ging n in twn. They can pint yu t free activities, special events happening during yur stay, and everything in between. They are als staffed by lcals wh can tell yu all the ins and uts f their city.
A．I use it fr all my hstel bkings.
B．Yu wn’t need as much as yu think.
C．Always visit the lcal turism infrmatin center.
D．Hstels are usually lcated in the heart f the city.
E．It’s gd t knw a few practical tips t make sure yu travel safely.
F．And if yu welcme such experiences, it will make yur life better, t.
G．Besides being free, these turs will give yu a gd idea f the city yu are visiting.
【答案】1．F 2．B 3．A 4．G 5．C
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章分享了作者通过旅行获得的感悟，提供了轻装出行、住青旅、参加免费步行游览和咨询游客中心等实用旅行建议，帮助读者提升旅行体验。
1．前文“The mre I travel, the mre I feel like I understand the wrld, the peple in it, and, ften, myself. Getting ff the beaten path, meeting lcals, and visiting incredible sites have made my life better. (走得越远，我越能理解这个世界、其中的人们，以及常常被重新认识的自己。离开常规路线，遇见当地居民，探访绝美风景——这些都让我的生活更美好)”介绍旅行给自己带来的好处，后文“While I g int a lt f depth in my new bk n budget travel, I want t share sme tips with yu. (尽管我在新出版的穷游指南中已经做了详尽阐述，但在此仍想与你分享几条实用建议)”提到要分享旅行建议，因此F项“And if yu welcme such experiences, it will make yur life better, t. (如果你也欢迎这样的体验，它会让你的生活更美好)”符合语境，过渡到旅行也会给读者带来好处，承前启后，其中的make yur life better和前文的made my life better呼应。故选F。
2．前文“Take half the clthes yu think yu will need. (衣服只带你认为必需的一半就够了)”强调带更少的衣物，后文“It’s OK t wear the same T-shirt a few days in a rw. (连续几天穿同一件T恤完全没问题)”指出衣服可以重复穿，因此B项“Yu wn’t need as much as yu think. (你需要的不会像你以为的那么多)”符合语境，解释少带衣服的原因，承前启后。故选B。
3．前文“Hstelwrld is the best hstel-accmmdatin website ut there, with the largest inventry (房源), best search interface, and highest availability. (Hstelwrld是全球最佳的青年旅舍预订平台，拥有最丰富的房源储备、最优的搜索界面和最高的预订成功率)”推荐使用Hstelwrld网站预订旅馆，因此A项“I use it fr all my hstel bkings. (我所有的青旅预订都通过它完成)”符合语境，提到自己使用Hstelwrld的经验，佐证前文的推荐，其中的it指代前文的Hstelwrld。故选A。
4．前文“Take free walking turs. (参加免费步行游览)”是本段主旨句，建议参加免费步行游览，后文“Yu will lve taking walking turs when yu travel. Yu will pass the time and get t learn s much abut where yu are. (旅行时参加步行游览绝对会让你爱上这种体验——既能消磨时光，又能深度了解当地风情)”详细介绍免费步行游览的好处，因此G项“Besides being free, these turs will give yu a gd idea f the city yu are visiting. (除了免费之外，这些游览能让你很好地了解所访问的城市)”符合语境，总的指出免费步行游览对旅游体验的好处，呼应主旨句，引出后文。故选G。
5．后文“This is prbably ne f the mst underused travel tips in the wrld. Turism infrmatin centers knw abut everything ging n in twn. They can pint yu t free activities, special events happening during yur stay, and everything in between. They are als staffed by lcals wh can tell yu all the ins and uts f their city. (这可能是全球最被低估的旅行建议了。游客信息中心掌握着城里的一切动态：既能为你推荐免费活动、特别庆典等各类精彩项目，更有熟悉城市每个角落的当地工作人员，为你揭秘这座城市的所有门道)”推荐前往信息游客中心，并详述其功能，空处位于段首，是段落主旨句，需统领段落内容，且需和其他段首句一样使用祈使句的形式，因此C项“Always visit the lcal turism infrmatin center. (一定要去当地的旅游信息中心)”符合语境，建议去旅游信息中心，契合段落内容。故选C。
6.（2025·河北省廊坊市名校高三下学期5月押题信息卷）
Have yu nticed hw trying t hard ften backfires (适得其反)? Frcing sleep nly makes yu restless. Overthinking blcks prgress and perfrmance. The mre yu frce smething t happen, the mre resistance yu face. It’s like paddling (用桨划船) upstream when the current culd carry yu if yu’d just let it. 1 This idea f stepping back t mve frward isn’t new. It’s rted in Taism, an ancient Chinese philsphy that teaches abut the Da, the hidden frce that guides everything. Fighting against it creates struggle, but flwing with it brings freedm.
The Taist principle f wu wei supprts effrtless actin by flwing with natural frces instead f resisting them. It invites yu t let g f cntrl and align (与……一致) with the natural flw f life. 2 Here are three ways that can help yu.
Relax yur mind. Lean int practices like tai chi, yga, and breathing exercises that can calm busy minds and allw yu t bserve yur thughts withut judgment. In this stillness, yu stp fighting the current and start flwing with it. 3
Be creative. Think abut it: The best musicians dn’t frce their art. They becme it. Lk at creativity as a chance t experiment and play. 4 Dive int the jy f creating. Yu’ll find a place f expansin and imaginatin that helps develp that free flwing energy f wu wei.
5 The universe desn’t rush, and neither shuld yu. The sun rises and sets. Seasns take their time t naturally unfld. Trust this rhythm and accept changes with grace. Living wu wei isn’t abut nt trying. It’s abut ding less f what blcks yur flw.
A．Develp patience.
B．Stp trying t cntrl every thught.
C．Nthing falls int place when yu stp frcing it.
D．What if yu stpped fighting and trusted the flw?
E．Accept the prcess instead f fcusing n the results.
F．But hw d yu bring this effrtless actin int yur daily rutine?
G．Yu develp a sense f peace and alignment with the natural rder.
【答案】1．D 2．F 3．G 4．E 5．A
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了道家“无为”的哲学含义及其相关的生活建议。
1．根据上文“Have yu nticed hw trying t hard ften backfires? Frcing sleep nly makes yu restless. Overthinking blcks prgress and perfrmance. The mre yu frce smething t happen, the mre resistance yu face. It’s like paddling upstream when the current culd carry yu if yu’d just let it. (你是否注意到，过于用力往往适得其反？强迫入睡只会让你辗转难眠。过度思考阻碍进步与表现。你越强迫某事发生，就越会遇到阻力。这就像逆流划桨，而如果你放手，水流本可以带你前行)”可知，作者通过列举“强迫行为适得其反”的现象，类比引出“放手顺应”的可能性，而下文“This idea f stepping back t mve frward isn’t new. (这种以退为进的理念并不新鲜)”则指向对“顺应”理念的阐述。D选项“What if yu stpped fighting and trusted the flw? (如果停止对抗并信任这种流动会怎样？)”以疑问句形式承接上文“逆流划桨”的类比，引出“顺应自然流动”的核心概念，与下文“stepping back t mve frward”形成逻辑衔接。故选D项。
2．根据上文“The Taist principle f wu wei supprts effrtless actin by flwing with natural frces instead f resisting them. It invites yu t let g f cntrl and align with the natural flw f life. (道家的 “无为” 思想主张通过顺应自然之力而非抗拒它们来实现不费刻意之力的行动。它倡导人们放下控制欲，与生命的自然流动相契合)”可知，此段阐释“无为”的含义，结合下文“Here are three ways that can help yu. (以下是三种能帮助你的方法)”转向具体实践建议可知，此空应承上启下，F选项“But hw d yu bring this effrtless actin int yur daily rutine?”(但如何将这种不费刻意之力的行动带入日常生活？)中的“But”转折上文理论阐述，引出下文“三种方法”，符合语境。故选F项。
3．根据上文“Relax yur mind. Lean int practices like tai chi, yga, and breathing exercises that can calm busy minds and allw yu t bserve yur thughts withut judgment. In this stillness, yu stp fighting the current and start flwing with it. (放松你的大脑。投身于太极、瑜伽和呼吸练习等能让忙碌的大脑平静下来并允许你不带评判地观察思绪的实践中。在这种宁静中，你停止与水流对抗，开始与之共舞)”可知，此段强调“放松心态”的实践及其效果。G选项“Yu develp a sense f peace and alignment with the natural rder.”(你会培养出一种与自然秩序和谐一致的平和感)中的“peace and alignment with the natural rder”精准概括上文的结果，进一步阐释“放松心态”带来的内在变化，与段落主题一致。故选G项。
4．根据上文“Be creative. Think abut it: The best musicians dn’t frce their art. They becme it. Lk at creativity as a chance t experiment and play. (保持创造力。想想看：最优秀的音乐家不会强迫自己的艺术。他们与艺术融为一体。将创造力视为实验和玩耍的机会)”及下文“Dive int the jy f creating. (沉浸在创造的喜悦中)”可知，此段鼓励以轻松心态对待创作。E选项“Accept the prcess instead f fcusing n the results.”(接受过程而非专注于结果)中的“Accept the prcess”呼应“experiment and play”，“instead f fcusing n results”强化“不强迫、顺应灵感”的创作态度，与“diving int jy”形成语义协同。故选E项。
5．根据下文“The universe desn’t rush, and neither shuld yu. The sun rises and sets. Seasns take their time t naturally unfld. Trust this rhythm and accept changes with grace. (宇宙从不匆忙，你也不应匆忙。太阳东升西落，四季从容自然地更替。信任这种节奏，优雅地接受变化)”可知，此段强调“顺应自然节奏”的重要性。A选项“Develp patience. (培养耐心)”作为段落标题，“patience”直接对应下文“desn’t rush”以及“take their time”，概括“不强迫、等待自然展开”的核心主张，引领后文对“节奏与信任”的论述。故选A项。
\l "_Tc16505" 考向04 考查段尾句
1.（2025·东北三省高考英语模拟卷）
Cmmunity gardens have emerged as a valuable slutin fr urban areas where access t fresh fruits and vegetables is limited. They prvide residents with a shared space t grw their wn prduce, prmting health and cmmunity spirit. 1 Starting a cmmunity garden may seem demanding, but fllwing these steps can make the prcess manageable and rewarding.
2 Lk fr accessible spaces near water surces with decent sil r space fr cntainers. Empty lts are ften ideal, as lng as yu secure permissin frm the wner. Check lcal laws t ensure apprval and plan fr csts like renting. Having a well-lcated plt sets the fundatin fr a successful cmmunity garden.
Building a cmmunity garden requires teamwrk, s invlving the neighbrhd is crucial. Reach ut t ptential participants, rganize discussin sessins, and raise funds thrugh crwdsurcing. 3 Establishing a sense f wnership amng members creates enthusiasm and ensures lng-term cmmitment.
Plan the garden layut based n the number and size f plts. Chse crps that suit the lcal climate, and meet cmmunity needs, ensuring year-rund prductivity. 4 Divide the space int plts, set up cmpsting (堆肥) areas, and enhance the site with benches (长椅) r strage t make it user-friendly and visually appealing.
Sustaining a cmmunity garden requires effrt and teamwrk. Set clear rules fr care tasks and prmte invlvement thrugh events like cmmunity meals. Share extra harvests with thse in need t extend the garden’s impact. Additinally, yu can create a farm-t-table experience by using prduce grwn in the garden t make shared meals. Regular care keeps the garden prductive and attractive. 5
A．First f all, determine yur budget.
B．The first step is identifying a suitable plt f land.
C．Once the planning is cmplete, start building the garden.
D．As a result, the garden brings lasting benefits t the cmmunity.
E．These gardens nt nly supply fresh fd but als strengthen scial bnds.
F．Hwever, mst cmmunities fcus n cmmunity gardens that grw fd.
G．Mrever, define clear rles and respnsibilities, such as watering, weeding, and harvesting.
【答案】1．E 2．B 3．G 4．C 5．D
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了社区花园的价值，并详细说明了在城市中创建和维护社区花园的步骤和方法。
1．上文“Cmmunity gardens have emerged as a valuable slutin fr urban areas where access t fresh fruits and vegetables is limited. They prvide residents with a shared space t grw their wn prduce, prmting health and cmmunity spirit.(社区花园已成为城市地区获取新鲜水果和蔬菜有限问题的宝贵解决方案。它们为居民提供了一个共享空间来种植自己的农产品，促进健康和社区精神)”强调了社区花园的价值。E选项“These gardens nt nly supply fresh fd but als strengthen scial bnds.(这些花园不仅提供新鲜食物，还加强了社会联系)”进一步阐述了社区花园的好处，且与上文中“t grw their wn prduce”相呼应，上下文逻辑紧密。故选E项。
2．下文“Lk fr accessible spaces near water surces with decent sil r space fr cntainers. Empty lts are ften ideal, as lng as yu secure permissin frm the wner.(寻找靠近水源、土壤适宜或有空间放置容器的可利用空间。只要获得业主的许可，空地通常是理想的选择)”主要围绕寻找合适的土地展开。B选项“The first step is identifying a suitable plt f land.(第一步是确定一块合适的土地)”引出了下文寻找土地的内容，符合语境。故选B项。
3．上文“Building a cmmunity garden requires teamwrk, s invlving the neighbrhd is crucial. Reach ut t ptential participants, rganize discussin sessins, and raise funds thrugh crwdsurcing.(建设社区花园需要团队合作，因此让社区居民参与至关重要。联系潜在参与者，组织讨论会议，并通过众筹筹集资金)”强调了团队合作和社区参与的重要性。G选项“Mrever, define clear rles and respnsibilities, such as watering, weeding, and harvesting.(此外，明确浇水、除草和收割等具体的角色和责任)”进一步说明了在团队合作中明确分工的重要性，与上文在逻辑上是递进关系。故选G项。
4．上文“Plan the garden layut based n the number and size f plts. Chse crps that suit the lcal climate, and meet cmmunity needs, ensuring year rund prductivity.(根据地块的数量和大小规划花园布局。选择适合当地气候、满足社区需求的作物，确保全年都有产出)”是关于花园的规划内容。C选项“Once the planning is cmplete, start building the garden.(一旦规划完成，就开始建设花园)”承接上文的规划，引出下文建设花园的内容，符合上下文的逻辑顺序。故选C项。
5．上文“Sustaining a cmmunity garden requires effrt and teamwrk. Set clear rules fr care tasks and prmte invlvement thrugh events like cmmunity meals. Share extra harvests with thse in need t extend the garden’s impact. Additinally, yu can create a farm-t-table experience by using prduce grwn in the garden t make shared meals. Regular care keeps the garden prductive and attractive. (维持社区花园需要努力和团队合作。为养护任务制定明确的规则，并通过社区聚餐等活动促进参与。将多余的收获分享给有需要的人，以扩大花园的影响。此外，你可以通过使用花园里种植的农产品来制作共享餐，创造一种从农场到餐桌的体验。定期的照料使花园多产且富有吸引力)”介绍了维持社区花园的方法和共享成果。D选项“As a result, the garden brings lasting benefits t the cmmunity.(因此，花园给社区带来了持久的好处)”总结了前面建设维护花园和共享成果所带来的结果，与上文逻辑连贯。故选D项。
2.（2025·山东省肥城市高三高考适应性测试英语试题（一））
In tday’s fast-paced wrld, it’s easy t perate n autpilt—mving frm ne task t the next withut truly experiencing the mment. 1 Here are fur practical appraches t develping daily awareness:
Start yur day with meditatin (冥想)
Hw yu start yur day matters. Instead f rushing, spend a few mrning mments trying a shrt mrning meditatin—clsing yur eyes, taking a deep breath and achieving internal calmness. Maintaining yur inner peace fr just a while every day will help sharpen self-awareness. 2
Adpt mindful mvement
Include physical activities that prmte mindfulness, such as yga, tai chi, r even a simple walk in nature. 3 Devte 10-15 minutes daily t such activities, and yu will find yur bdy and mind are cnnected fr balance and relaxatin. Yga with Adriene ffers great nline sessins, and a shrt, mindful walk utside als helps.
Practice mindful eating
Eating is ne f the mst pleasurable experiences, and ding it mindfully can turn eating int a far richer experience, satisfying nt just the need fr nutritin, but mre subtle senses and needs. 4 Chew slwly and enjy the sensry experience. Mindful.rg has a useful Mindful Eating guide.
Reflect with a gratitude jurnal
5 Keep a gratitude jurnal by writing dwn three things that went well r brught jy. This practice shifts fcus t life’s psitives, develping a mindset f appreciatin and mindfulness. Visit Gratefulness.rg fr inspiratin.
By integrating these habits, yu’ll cultivate deeper presence, reduce stress, and unlck a mre intentinal, fulfilling life. Start small, stay cnsistent, and watch mindfulness transfrm yur daily rutine.
A．End yur day reflecting n life’s psitives.
B．Set aside specific time fr mre meaningful things.
C．Spend 20 minutes per meal, free frm digital distractins.
D．These practices balance bdy and mind, arusing daily awareness.
E．Guided apps like Headspace r Calm can help beginners establish this calming rutine.
F．Cnstant digital cnnectivity verwhelms us, making us unable t think independently.
G．Hwever, develping daily awareness can engage us in the present and enrich ur experiences.
【答案】1．G 2．E 3．D 4．C 5．A
【解析】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了四种培养日常觉察力的实用方法，帮助人们活在当下、丰富体验。
1．根据上文“In tday’s fast-paced wrld, it’s easy t perate n autpilt—mving frm ne task t the next withut truly experiencing the mment. (在当今快节奏的世界里，人们很容易处于自动驾驶状态——从一个任务到下一个任务，却没有真正体验当下)”说明人们容易忽略当下体验，空处需引出转折，强调培养觉察力的重要性。G选项“然而，培养日常觉察力可以让我们投入当下，丰富我们的体验”，通过Hwever形成转折，承接上文并引出下文的具体方法，符合语境。故选G。
2．根据上文“Maintaining yur inner peace fr just a while every day will help sharpen self-awareness. (每天保持内心的平静一段时间，有助于提高自我觉察力)”，说明冥想的益处，空处需补充具体实践方式。E项中的“Guided apps like Headspace r Calm”与冥想练习呼应，说明初学者可借助应用程序建立习惯。所以E选项“像Headspace或Calm这样的引导式应用程序可以帮助初学者建立这种平静的习惯”，符合语境，进一步说明如何落实冥想。故选E。
3．根据上文“Include physical activities that prmte mindfulness, such as yga, tai chi, r even a simple walk in nature. (包括促进正念的身体活动，如瑜伽、太极，甚至是在大自然中简单散步)”，列举了正念运动，空处需总结这类活动的作用。D项中的“These practices”指代上文的运动，“balance bdy and mind, arusing daily awareness”概括其对身心的平衡及觉察力的提升。所以D选项“这些练习平衡身心，唤起日常觉察力”，符合语境，衔接上下文。故选D。
4．根据下文“Chew slwly and enjy the sensry experience. (慢慢咀嚼，享受感官体验)”，具体描述正念饮食的做法，空处需引出该场景的前提条件。C项“每餐留出20分钟，远离数字干扰”，通过设定时间和排除干扰，为后文的慢咀嚼营造环境，逻辑连贯。故选C。
5．根据下文“Keep a gratitude jurnal by writing dwn three things that went well r brught jy. (写一本感恩日记，写下三件进展顺利或带来快乐的事情)”，说明晚间反思的具体内容，引出下文的感恩日记实践。A选项“结束一天时反思生活中的积极面”，引，符合语境。故选A。
3.（2025届山东省肥城市高三高考适应性测试英语试题（三））
A successful interview isn’t just abut having the right qualificatins — it’s abut demnstrating sft skills that prve yu’re a great fit fr the team. Fr practical jb interview tips, remember that emplyers lk fr mre than just ability and experience. 1 While staying relaxed isn’t always easy, using the fllwing few sft skills can make the prcess smther.
• Channel yur nerves int enthusiasm. 2 Rather than hiding yur nerves, experts suggest using them t shw excitement. Demnstrating energy and enthusiasm can make yu memrable and cnvey passin fr the rle, setting yu apart frm candidates wh seem t calm r detached.
• Imagine yurself succeeding in the interview. Visualizing success can help yu stay fcused and make better decisins. 3 Picturing each step — frm the handshake t answering tugh questins — can make the experience feel mre familiar. This exercise makes the actual experience feel mre familiar, helping yu stay calm.
• 4 Jb interviews ften include difficult questins, like why yu’re leaving yur current jb. Aviding negative cmments abut past emplyers, which can leave the wrng impressin. T keep the cnversatin psitive, yu can als cnsider shifting the fcus t the interviewer. Yu can mentin hw the experience helped yu appreciate a strng cmpany culture and ask them what they enjy mst abut their wrkplace.
• Embrace penness. Shwing genuineness in a jb interview can leave a psitive impressin. If yu stumble (结巴) n an answer, be hnest and ask t start ver. A simple acknwledgment — like saying, “I’m srry, can I try that again? I was nervus and didn’t express myself the way I intended.” 5
By practicing the abve skills, yu’ll present yurself as a cnfident, cmpsed, and engaging candidate.
A．Keep yur answers psitive.
B．It can help yu regain cnfidence.
C．Find cmmn grund with yur interviewer.
D．They want team players wh stay calm under pressure.
E．Asking the right questins can help yu make a wise decisin.
F．Nervusness befre a jb interview can actually wrk in yur favr.
G．Experts suggest mentally practicing a jb interview t bst cnfidence.
【答案】1．D 2．F 3．G 4．A 5．B
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何在面试中展示软技能，使自己成为一个出色的候选人。
1．根据上文“Fr practical jb interview tips, remember that emplyers lk fr mre than just ability and experience.(对于实用的面试技巧，要记住雇主寻找的不仅仅是能力和经验。)”可知，空处应进一步解释雇主寻找的是什么。选项D“They want team players wh stay calm under pressure.(他们想要在压力下保持冷静的团队成员。)”符合语境，且“They”指代上文中的“emplyers”。故选D。
2．根据下文“Rather than hiding yur nerves, experts suggest using them t shw excitement.(专家建议不要隐藏你的紧张情绪，而是利用它们来展示兴奋。)”可知，空处所在句应与“紧张情绪”有关。选项F“Nervusness befre a jb interview can actually wrk in yur favr.(面试前的紧张情绪实际上对你有利。)”呼应小标题“Channel yur nerves int enthusiasm.(你的紧张情绪转化为热情)”。故选F。
3．小标题“Imagine yurself succeeding in the interview.(想象一下你在面试中取得了成功)”表明段落主题是想象成功，根据上文“Visualizing success can help yu stay fcused and make better decisins.(想象成功可以帮助你保持专注并做出更好的决定。)”可知，空处应进一步解释如何想象成功。选项G“Experts suggest mentally practicing a jb interview t bst cnfidence.(专家建议通过心理练习面试来增强信心。)”符合语境，说明了具体的方法。故选G。
4．空处是本段的主题句，根据下文“Jb interviews ften include difficult questins, like why yu’re leaving yur current jb. Aviding negative cmments abut past emplyers, which can leave the wrng impressin.(面试中经常包括一些难题，比如为什么要离开现在的工作。避免对过去的雇主发表负面评论，这可能会给人留下错误的印象。)”可知，本段主要讲的是在面试中回答问题时要保持积极。选项A“Keep yur answers psitive.(保持你的回答积极。)”符合语境，且概括了本段主旨。故选A。
5．根据上文“A simple acknwledgment — like saying, “I’m srry, can I try that again? I was nervus and didn’t express myself the way I intended.”(“一个简单的承认——比如说，“对不起，我能再试一次吗？我很紧张，没有按我的意图表达自己。”)”可知，空处应进一步解释这个简单承认的作用。选项B“It can help yu regain cnfidence.(它可以帮助你重新获得信心。)”符合语境。故选B。
4.（2025·福建省福州第一中学高三最后一模）
Earlier this mnth, OpenAI revealed a new versin in training mde that is “gd at creative writing.” Thugh its release date is unclear, as a lngtime freshman cmpsitin instructr, I’m already aware f the prblem f A．I.-assisted cheating in writing classes. 1 After all, students have been unvluntarily expsed t an verwhelming amunt f prmtin arund A．I., and have seen news that makes false claims abut hw pwerful A．I. tls are.
But a creative writing student using A．I.? In a memir (传记) writing class? What are yu saying abut yur life if even yu can’t be bthered t think abut it.
Having written tw memirs, I knw the challenges and pleasures f this wrk, and I want my students t experience thse challenges, t. 2 Rather, it is abut defining wh yu are, in part by revisiting particularly unpleasant experiences. This prcess makes the authr mre fully alive.
3 Using a machine that gathers infrmatin nline and creates a fake versin f yu is nt just cheating; it degrades ur memries and humanity. Yet it’s nt the students wh cncern me mst, but a culture that undervalues writing and reading s much that sme students think skipping them is a reasnable chice.
The nly thing under my cntrl as a teacher is what I d in my classrm. 4 Whether they write best-sellers r just scribble in jurnals, ding the wrk with their full selves is what truly matters.
Writing can be a way t preserve urselves and even a frm f resistance. 5
A．I’ll teach students t write hnestly.
B．I can even sympathize, t an extent.
C．This may feel like a battle already lst.
D．Outsurcing yur life stry t AI is disheartening.
E．The act f writing a memir is nt just abut saying “Lk at me”.
F．That fighting spirit is ur greatest strength and exists nly within us.
G．It is upsetting t see AI creating fake stries, but maybe it’s just new strytelling.
【答案】1．B 2．E 3．D 4．A 5．F
【解析】这是一篇说明文。OpenAI 新版AI具创意写作能力，身为写作课老师，作者担忧AI辅助作弊，强调写作是自我定义，需全身心投入，是保存自我甚至抵抗的方式。
1．根据上文“Earlier this mnth, OpenAI revealed a new versin in training mde that is “gd at creative writing.” Thugh its release date is unclear, as a lngtime freshman cmpsitin instructr, I’m already aware f the prblem f A. I.-assisted cheating in writing classes.(本月早些时候，OpenAI 公布了一款处于训练模式的新版本，该版本“擅长创意写作”。尽管其发布日期尚未确定，但作为一名资深的大学写作课程教师，我已经意识到人工智能辅助写作课程中存在作弊的问题)”以及后文“After all, students have been unvluntarily expsed t an verwhelming amunt f prmtin arund A. I., and have seen news that makes false claims abut hw pwerful A. I. tls are.(毕竟，学生们一直被动地接触到了大量有关人工智能的宣传信息，并且还看到了一些夸大其词、对人工智能工具功效做出不实宣称的新闻报道)”可知，上文提到作者认识到人工智能辅助写作课程中存在作弊的问题，且后文结合了学生的一些实际情况，推测作者对于这一情况产生了共鸣。故B选项“我甚至能在一定程度上产生共鸣”符合语境，故选B。
2．根据上文“Having written tw memirs, I knw the challenges and pleasures f this wrk, and I want my students t experience thse challenges, t.(我已经写了两本回忆录，深知从事这一工作所面临的种种困难与带来的乐趣。我希望我的学生们也能亲身体验这些挑战)”可知，上文提到了写回忆录，推测本句要说明作者对于写回忆录的看法，故E选项“写写回忆录不仅仅是说‘看看我’这么简单”符合语境，故选E。
3．根据后文“Using a machine that gathers infrmatin nline and creates a fake versin f yu is nt just cheating; it degrades ur memries and humanity. Yet it’s nt the students wh cncern me mst, but a culture that undervalues writing and reading s much that sme students think skipping them is a reasnable chice.(利用一台能在线收集信息并生成你虚假形象的机器，这不仅是一种欺骗行为，还会损害我们的记忆和人性。然而，最让我担忧的并非学生本身，而是那种极度轻视写作和阅读的文化，以至于有些学生认为跳过这些环节是合理的选择)”可知，本段主要说明了让人工智能写故事的缺点，体现了不好的体验。故D选项“将你的生活故事外包给人工智能是令人沮丧的”符合语境，故选D。
4．根据上文“The nly thing under my cntrl as a teacher is what I d in my classrm.(作为一名教师，我所能掌控的唯一事情就是我在课堂上所做的事情)”可知，本句具体说明作者是如何教学的，故A选项“我会教导学生们诚实地写作”符合语境，故选A。
5．根据上文“Writing can be a way t preserve urselves and even a frm f resistance.(写作可以成为一种自我保护的方式，甚至也是一种反抗的手段)”可知，上文提到了写作可以作为反抗手段，本句总结这一作用的影响。故F选项“那种战斗精神是我们最强大的力量，只存在于我们自身之中”符合语境，故选F。
6.（2025·河北省部分学校高三下学期5月联考）
Hw High Schl Junirs Can Prepare fr Cllege in Advance
Preparing fr cllege can be a difficult task, but starting early can make it smther and less stressful. Here are sme effective ways high schl junirs can get a head start n their cllege jurney.
1 Academics are the crnerstne f cllege preparatin. High schl junirs shuld put their grades first and take challenging curses that will strengthen their cllege applicatins.
Make preparatins fr exams. 2 Junirs shuld start studying well in advance, using resurces such as prep bks, nline curses, and practice tests. Many students find it beneficial t take these exams in the spring f their junir year, allwing time fr retakes if necessary.
Develp extra-curricular (课外的) invlvement. 3 S Junirs shuld nt nly pay attentin t their grades but als engage in extra-curricular activities. They shuld fcus n a few key activities that they are passinate abut, whether it’s sprts, clubs, r part-time jbs. Leadership rles and cmmitment in these activities are particularly impressive t admissins cmmittees.
Take care f mental and physical health. Preparing fr cllege can be stressful, s it’s imprtant fr junirs t take care f their mental and physical health. 4 Additinally, practicing stress-relief techniques can help manage anxiety.
Research clleges. Junirs shuld begin researching clleges t understand what each institutin ffers and t identify which schls are fit fr their gals and interests. Factrs t cnsider include lcatin, size, academic prgrams, campus culture, and financial aid ptins. 5
By taking these steps, high schl junirs can psitin themselves fr success in the cllege admissins prcess. Starting early nt nly reduce stress but als allws students t make infrmed decisins and put their best ft frward.
A．Challenge yurself bravely.
B．Attach imprtance t yur studies.
C．Clleges lk fr well-runded students.
D．These factrs are imprtant t yur develpment.
E．Visiting campuses, if pssible, can prvide valuable insights.
F．Getting ready fr frmal tests like the SAT r ACT is imprtant.
G．Regular exercise, healthy eating and enugh sleep can imprve yur fcus.
【答案】1．B 2．F 3．C 4．G 5．E
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了有关高中生如何提前为进入大学做准备的几点建议。
1．根据下文“Academics are the crnerstne f cllege preparatin. High schl junirs shuld put their grades first and take challenging curses that will strengthen their cllege applicatins.(学业是大学准备的基石。高中三年级学生应把成绩放在首位，并选修具有挑战性的课程，以增强他们的大学申请竞争力)” 可知，此空为段落小标题。主要在说重视学业。B选项“重视你的学业” 符合语境。故选B。
2．根据上文“Make preparatins fr exams.(为考试做准备)” 可知，选项承接上文具体说明有哪些考试。故F选项“为像 SAT 或 ACT 这样的正式考试做好准备很重要)” 符合语境，故选F。
3．根据上文“Develp extra - curricular invlvement.(培养课外活动)” 可知，此处应说明培养课外活动的原因。C选项“大学寻找全面发展的学生” 符合语境，故选C。
4．根据上文“Preparing fr cllege can be stressful, s it’s imprtant fr junirs t take care f their mental and physical health.(准备上大学可能会有压力，所以高三学生关注自己的身心健康很重要)” 可知，此处应列举保持身心健康的方式。G选项“定期锻炼、健康饮食和充足睡眠可以提高你的注意力” 符合语境，故选G。
5．根据上文“Junirs shuld begin researching clleges t understand what each institutin ffers and t identify which schls are fit fr their gals and interests. Factrs t cnsider include lcatin, size, academic prgrams, campus culture, and financial aid ptins.(高三学生应开始研究大学，了解每个院校提供什么，并确定哪些学校适合他们的目标和兴趣。要考虑的因素包括位置、规模、学术课程、校园文化和经济援助选项)” 可知，选项承接上文进一步说明研究大学的方式。E选项“如果可能的话，参观校园可以提供有价值的见解” 符合语境。故选E。
说明文创新练
1.Mst f us haven’t been taught hw t aplgize, and ur effrtś might tend t be harmful. “When the aplgy is a bad ne, it puts a crack in the very fundatin f a relatinship and can even enid it,” Lerner says. 1 Belw aré sme ways given by Lerner t ffer an aplgy that can help heal, rather than cause additinal harm.
Drp yur defenses. “Our autmatic set pint is t listen defensively,” Lerner explains.“We listen fr what we dn’t agree with. 2 ” She suggests keeping an pen mind and listening with an explicit intentin t understand the ther persn. “Try t wrap yur brain arund the. essence f what that hurt party needs yu t get.”
Less is mre. 3 “If yu’ve frgtten t return yur friend’s Tupperware, yu dn’t have t verd it as if yu’ve run ver her kitten.” Over-aplgizing is nt nly irritating — it disrupts the flw f the cnversatin and shifts the fcus away frm the persn wh needs t be attended t, Lerner explains. “Yu’ ve taken cntrl f the hurt party’ s emtinality and made the aplgy abut yu.”
4 Yur attentin when aplgizing shuld be n the impact f yur wrds r deeds,nt n yur intentin. Zer in n the situatin at hand and cater t the needs f the persn wh is hurting. “It’s nt the tw wrds ‘I’m srry’ that heal the injury,” Lerner explains. “The hurt party wants t knw that we really get it, that we validate their feelings and care.”
An aplgy isn’t the nly chance yu ever get t address the underlying issue. 5 It creates an pening. When dne with attentin and care, it can be a channel fr greater understanding and deeper cnnectin.
A．Stay fcused.
B．Make sure f yur intentin.
C．And that’s why it is critical t get it right.
D．Thus, we can defend urselves and crrect the facts.
E．Keep yur aplgy shrt and mind the exaggerated behavir.
F．That is because it is nrmal fr peple t have different views.
G．It might als allw yu t establish the grund fr future cmmunicatin.
【答案】1．C 2．D 3．E 4．A 5．G
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，文章旨在通过心理学家 Lerner的观点，分析糟糕道歉的危害，并提供有效道歉的具体策略。
1．根据上文“When the aplgy is a bad ne, it puts a crack in the very fundatin f a relatinship and can even end it,” Lerner says.(勒纳说：“当道歉很糟糕时，它会在一段关系的根基上产生裂痕，甚至可能终结这段关系”)” 推知，此处应说明正确道歉很关键。C选项“这就是为什么正确道歉至关重要” 符合语境，引出下文正确道歉的方法，故选C。
2．根据上文“Our autmatic set pint is t listen defensively,” Lerner explains. “We listen fr what we dn't agree with.”(勒纳解释说：“我们的自动反应模式是以防御性的方式倾听。我们只听我们不同意的内容”)” 可知，此处应说明这样做的结果。D选项“因此，我们可以为自己辩护并纠正事实” 符合语境，故选D。
3．根据下文“f yu’ve frgtten t return yur friend’s Tupperware, yu dn’t have t verd it as if yu've run ver her kitten.” Over - aplgizing is nt nly irritating—it disrupts the flw f the cnversatin and shifts the fcus away frm the persn wh needs t be attended t, Lerner explains.(勒纳解释说：“如果你忘记归还朋友的Tupperware，你不必做得太过火，就好像你压死了她的小猫一样”。道歉不仅令人厌烦，它还会扰乱对话的流畅性，并将注意力从需要被关注的人身上转移开)” 可知，此处在说道歉的注意事项。E选项“让你的道歉简短，并注意不要有夸张的行为” 符合语境，引起下文，故选E。
4．根据下文“Yur attentin when aplgizing shuld be n the impact f yur wrds r deeds, nt n yur intentin. Zer in n the situatin at hand and cater t the needs f the persn wh is hurting.(你道歉时的注意力应该放在你的言行的影响上，而不是你的意图上。专注于眼前的情况，迎合受伤者的需求)” 可知，本段在说要保持专注。A选项“保持专注” 符合语境，作为小标题概括该段内容，故选A。
5．根据上文“An aplgy isn‘’t the nly chance yu ever get t address the underlying issue.(道歉不是你解决潜在问题的唯一机会)” 可知，此处应说明道歉还可能带来的其他好处。G选项“它也可能让你为未来的交流奠定基础” 符合语境，故选G。
2.Life can be hard, s yu want t relax and have fun when yu dn’t have wrk r study respnsibilities. Then hw d yu spend yur free time. 1 Fr me, the truest test f whether r nt I enjyed my wn cmpany came when I decided t d a brave thing: eat alne in a restaurant.
The first few times I ate ut alne, I felt uncmfrtable. I didn’t knw where t lk, r what t d with my hands. I even fcused n hw I tk a bite and chewed. T slve the prblem, I began taking a newspaper r bk n my lne restaurant utings. 2 I gradually felt at hme and eventually began t strike up cnversatins with the peple wrking in the places I frequented.
The next big step was t g t the mvies alne. 3 Once the lights were dark, I was able t lse myself in the plt n the big screen. Thus anther barrier crssed.
Years ag, I left my marriage, which was the biggest and bravest step f all. Living alne made me scared. At the age f 50, I was literally n my wn fr the first time in my life. I was hmesick and lst fr several mnths. 4 Since there was nbdy but myself t factr int each decisin, I culd d whatever I enjyed. I decrated my apartment strictly t my wn tastes and als learned many new things t keep myself busy. I discvered a new versin f me: curius, creative and capable.
If yu dn’t quite knw what t d when alne, d little things at first. 5 Pick up what yu nce lved but have put n hld fr whatever reasn. Learn a new skill yu’ve been wanting t master. Be in the mment, be wh yu are and d what yu lve t d when alne. All in all, learn t enjy yur wn cmpany.
A．It turned ut t help greatly.
B．The pain almst drve me crazy.
C．Then mve n t bigger, braver things.
D．This ne went better than I had expected.
E．But as time went n, I felt a freedm like n ther.
F．In what way yu enjy yur wn cmpany is up t yu.
G．Sme peple hate being alne while thers enjy time t themselves.
【答案】1．G 2．A 3．D 4．E 5．C
【解析】这是一篇说明文。本文讲述了作者通过独自在餐厅吃饭、独自看电影等经历，逐渐学会享受独处，并从中发现了一个新的自己。
1．根据上文“Life can be hard, s yu want t relax and have fun when yu dn’t have wrk r study respnsibilities. Then hw d yu spend yur free time.(生活有时会很艰难，所以当你没有工作或学习上的负担时，你就会想要放松一下，享受乐趣。那么，你是如何度过你的空闲时间的呢？)”以及后文“Fr me, the truest test f whether r nt I enjyed my wn cmpany came when I decided t d a brave thing: eat alne in a restaurant.(对我来说，检验自己是否享受独处状态的最真实方式，是在我决定做一件勇敢的事之后：独自一人在餐馆用餐)”可知，前句提问如何度过空闲时间，本句引出下文“独自吃饭”的个人经历。故G选项“有些人讨厌独处，而另一些人则喜欢独处的时光”符合语境，故选G。
2．根据上文“The first few times I ate ut alne, I felt uncmfrtable. I didn’t knw where t lk, r what t d with my hands. I even fcused n hw I tk a bite and chewed. T slve the prblem, I began taking a newspaper r bk n my lne restaurant utings.(起初，我独自外出就餐时总是感到很不自在。我不知道该看向何处，也不知道该如何摆弄自己的双手。甚至我还特别留意自己是如何咬一口食物并咀嚼的。为了解决这个问题，我开始在独自去餐馆就餐时带上一份报纸或一本书)”以及后文“I gradually felt at hme and eventually began t strike up cnversatins with the peple wrking in the places I frequented.(我渐渐地适应了这里的生活，最终也开始和我常去的地方工作的那些人进行交流了)”可知， 前文提到带书或报纸解决独处不适，本句承接该做法的效果，且与后文“逐渐适应”呼应。故A选项“结果证明这非常有帮助”符合语境，故选A。
3．根据上文“The next big step was t g t the mvies alne.(接下来的重要一步就是独自去看电影了)”以及后文“Once the lights were dark, I was able t lse myself in the plt n the big screen. Thus anther barrier crssed.(当灯光熄灭后，我便能够全身心地沉浸在大屏幕上的剧情之中。于是又一道障碍被跨越了)”可知，前句说 “独自看电影是下一大步”，本句主要说明独自看电影的积极结果，与后文“沉浸剧情”一致。故D选项“这一次的情况比我预期的还要好”符合语境，故选D。
4．根据上文“Years ag, I left my marriage, which was the biggest and bravest step f all. Living alne made me scared. At the age f 50, I was literally n my wn fr the first time in my life. I was hmesick and lst fr several mnths.(多年前，我结束了那段婚姻，那是我人生中最大的也是最勇敢的一步。独自生活让我感到害怕。在 50 岁的时候，我终于第一次真正地独自一人生活了。我开始想念家，而且有好几个月都感到不知所措)”以及后文“Since there was nbdy but myself t factr int each decisin, I culd d whatever I enjyed. I decrated my apartment strictly t my wn tastes and als learned many new things t keep myself busy. I discvered a new versin f me: curius, creative and capable.(因为做每一个决定时都只有我自己需要考虑，所以我可以做任何自己喜欢的事情。我严格按照自己的喜好来装饰我的公寓，还学习了很多新知识来让自己忙碌起来。我发现了全新的自己：好奇、富有创造力且能力出众)”可知，前句描述离婚后独居的恐惧与迷茫，本句通过转折引出独居的积极面，符合上下文对比关系。故E选项“但随着时间的推移，我感受到了前所未有的自由”符合语境，故选E。
5．根据上文“If yu dn’t quite knw what t d when alne, d little things at first.(如果你独自一人时不太清楚该做什么，那就先做一些简单的事情吧)”以及后文“Pick up what yu nce lved but have put n hld fr whatever reasn. Learn a new skill yu’ve been wanting t master. Be in the mment, be wh yu are and d what yu lve t d when alne. All in all, learn t enjy yur wn cmpany.(重新拾起你曾经热爱但因种种原因而搁置的事物。学习一项你一直想精通的新技能。全身心地活在当下，做真实的自己，独自时做你喜欢做的事。总之，学会享受独处的时光)”可知，本句与上文形成递进，与后文“学习新技能”等建议呼应，构成行动步骤的连贯逻辑。故C选项“然后去追求更宏大、更勇敢的事情吧”符合语境，故选C。
3.Hardcre hiking is typically defined as a lng-distance, vigrus (充满活力的) walk which is usually dne acrss the cuntryside and trails. Fr many seasned hikers, there is a level f skill invlved. 1 . Sft hiking, in cntrast, is much mre leisurely and can be fr anyne. It encurages peple t g at their wn pace, recnnect with the jy f walking in nature, and remve any perfrmance pressure.
Sft hiking is cnsidered t be a mre accessible apprach t fitness. 2 . Therefre, mre peple can experience the jys f being utdrs, including thse wh may be new t hiking, families with children, r individuals with limited mbility.
3 . By slwing dwn and fcusing n the beauty, histry and gelgy f the area, we can achieve a deeper cnnectin with nature and prmte relaxatin. When we’re feeling relaxed, ur bdies functin better and ur immune system is able t wrk as it shuld.
S, hw can we experience the pure jy f spending time in nature? The best way t get started is t simply g fr a strll (闲逛). 4 , like the cuntryside, castal walks r a wdland trail. N pressure, and n expectatins t reach a summit r a certain number f miles. And remember t pick ut clthes that are cmfrtable t mve arund in.
With its gentle apprach, sft hiking is a wnderful activity t implement int ur rutine. It desn’t have t be abut cunting calries burned r setting new recrds fr distance traveled. Instead, it lets each f us define success fr urselves. 5 .
A．We are all capable hikers
B．It is gaining ppularity wrldwide
C．But hiking desn’t have t be hard
D．It can be adapted t suit different grups f peple
E．Walking slwly and mindfully affects peple’s wellbeing
F．Think abut places where yu can harvest the benefits f nature
G．Sft hiking culd be even mre affrdable than mderate r vigrus hiking
【答案】1．C 2．D 3．E 4．F 5．A
【解析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了硬核远足和轻度远足的区别，以及轻度远足的好处。
1．根据前文“Hardcre hiking is typically defined as a lng-distance, vigrus (充满活力的) walk which is usually dne acrss the cuntryside and trails. Fr many seasned hikers, there is a level f skill invlved.(硬核徒步旅行通常被定义为长途、剧烈的步行，通常是在乡村和小径上进行的。对于许多经验丰富的徒步旅行者来说，这需要一定的技能水平)”介绍硬核徒步的高强度特点，后文则说“Sft hiking”更加悠闲，适合任何人。所以此空应是一个过渡句，C选项“But hiking desn’t have t be hard(但徒步不一定非得艰难)”符合语境，起到了承上启下的作用，引出了对“Sft hiking”的介绍。故选C项。
2．根据后文“Therefre, mre peple can experience the jys f being utdrs, including thse wh may be new t hiking, families with children, r individuals with limited mbility.(因此，更多的人可以体验到户外活动的乐趣，包括那些刚开始徒步旅行的人，有孩子的家庭，或者行动不便的人)”可知，软式徒步能让更多不同的人体验到户外的乐趣，说明它可以适应不同人群，D选项“It can be adapted t suit different grups f peple(它可以被调整以适应不同人群)”符合文意，上下文紧密连接。故选D项。
3．根据后文“By slwing dwn and fcusing n the beauty, histry and gelgy f the area, we can achieve a deeper cnnectin with nature and prmte relaxatin. When we’re feeling relaxed, ur bdies functin better and ur immune system is able t wrk as it shuld.(通过放慢脚步，专注于该地区的美景、历史和地质，我们可以与自然建立更深层次的联系，促进放松。当我们感到放松时，身体功能会更好地运作，免疫系统也能正常发挥作用)”提到通过慢下来，专注于地区的美景、历史和地质，能让我们与自然有更深的联系并促进放松，以及放松时身体机能会更好等内容，都在说明慢走和专注对人们健康的影响，E选项 “Walking slwly and mindfully affects peple’s wellbeing(缓慢而专注地行走影响人们的幸福安康)”能概括这部分内容。故选E项。
4．根据前文“The best way t get started is t simply g fr a strll (闲逛).(最好的开始方式就是简单地散散步)”说明体验大自然纯粹快乐的最佳方式是去闲逛，后文“like the cuntryside, castal walks r a wdland trail.(比如乡村、海滨散步或林地小径)”列举了具体地点像乡村、海边、林地小径等，F选项“Think abut places where yu can harvest the benefits f nature(想想那些你能收获大自然益处的地方)”符合语境，引出了后面的地点列举。故选F项。
5．根据前文“It desn’t have t be abut cunting calries burned r setting new recrds fr distance traveled. Instead, it lets each f us define success fr urselves.(它不一定是关于计算燃烧的卡路里或创造新的旅行记录。相反，它让我们每个人为自己定义成功)”说软式徒步让我们自己定义成功，不需要关注卡路里消耗或行程距离记录，也就是说无论怎样，我们都能在软式徒步中找到属于自己的成功，大家都是有能力的徒步者，A 选项“We are all capable hikers.(我们都是有能力的徒步者)”承接上文内容，符合文意。故选A项。
4.It’s n secret that life makes us anxius. Accrding t the Natinal Institute f Mental Health, an estimated 19% f U.S. adults have been diagnsed with an anxiety disrder. 1 A lack f in-persn cnnectin and interactin, time in nature and engagement in ur cmmunities is creating “digital anxiety.”
At the rt f mst anxiety disrders is a difficulty cping with uncertainty. It is manifested in symptms f excessive wrry and anxiety. Thse with generalized anxiety disrder might wrry abut their wn safety r that f a lved ne. 2 Digital anxiety, n the ther hand, is rted in ur use f technlgy and scial media habits. One example is the stress caused by negative interactins frm a scial media pst. There may be feelings f inadequacy, hpelessness and scial islatin.
Peple may als experience digital anxiety when separated frm their phnes. They might feel discnnected and wrry abut nt knwing f pssible threats like war r a natural catastrphe. 3
Faced with digital anxiety, hw can we reduce it? Here are a few recmmendatins t get yu started.
4 Recrd hw ften yu’re engaged with screens and technlgy. Nte the time f day yu’re mst likely t lg n and hw yu feel befre and after.
Accept that anxiety is a part f living. 5 Make a daily cmmitment t practice radical acceptance — the ability t accept reality withut judgment. That desn’t mean yu apprve f negative events and situatins. Rather, yu accept these circumstances as things yu might nt be able t change at this mment — r ever.
A．Limit yur scial media and screen time.
B．They fcus their attentin n specific gals.
C．Be hnest with yurself abut yur digital habits.
D．Life is unpredictable and ften beynd yur cntrl.
E．Smetimes they miss ut n a scial event r lse tuch with friends.
F．Or they may have persistent fears that smething bad is abut t happen.
G．Studies als shw that t much time n scial media is linked t greater anxiety.
【答案】1．G 2．F 3．E 4．C 5．D
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍焦虑症的成因及缓解建议。
1．根据上文的“Accrding t the Natinal Institute f Mental Health, an estimated 19% f U.S. adults have been diagnsed with an anxiety disrder. (根据美国国家心理健康研究所的数据，估计有 19% 的美国成年人被诊断出患有焦虑症。)”可知，开篇提及焦虑症的普遍性，结合下文的“A lack f in-persn cnnectin and interactin, time in nature and engagement in ur cmmunities is creating ‘digital anxiety.’(缺乏面对面的交流互动、接触自然的时间以及对社区的参与，正催生着‘数字焦虑’。)”可知，此空需衔接“焦虑症”与“数字焦虑”的关联。G选项“Studies als shw that t much time n scial media is linked t greater anxiety.(研究还表明，花太多时间在社交媒体上与更严重的焦虑有关。)”通过“als”补充研究结论，指出社交媒体使用与焦虑的联系，自然引出下文“数字焦虑”的具体成因。故选G项。
2．根据上文的“Thse with generalized anxiety disrder might wrry abut their wn safety r that f a lved ne.(患有广泛性焦虑症的人可能会担心自己或亲人的安全。)”可知，此处列举焦虑症的具体表现，F选项“Or they may have persistent fears that smething bad is abut t happen.(或者他们可能一直担心坏事即将发生。)”中的“Or”表示并列，“persistent fears”“smething bad”进一步补充焦虑症状，与上文“担心安全”形成平行结构，符合语境。故选F项。
3．根据上文的“Peple may als experience digital anxiety when separated frm their phnes. They might feel discnnected and wrry abut nt knwing f pssible threats like war r a natural catastrphe.(当人们与手机分离时，也可能会体验到数字焦虑。他们可能会感到与外界脱节，并担心自己无法知晓战争或自然灾害等潜在威胁。)”可知，此空需延续“数字焦虑”的具体影响。E选项“Smetimes they miss ut n a scial event r lse tuch with friends.(有时他们会错过社交活动或与朋友失去联系。)”中的“miss ut n scial event”“lse tuch”对应“discnnected”，补充了因脱离手机导致的社交问题，与上文“担心威胁”共同说明焦虑表现。故选E项。
4．根据下文的“Recrd hw ften yu’re engaged with screens and technlgy. Nte the time f day yu’re mst likely t lg n and hw yu feel befre and after.(记录你使用屏幕和科技产品的频率。记下你最可能登录的时间段，以及登录前后的感受。)”可知，本段建议“记录数字使用习惯”。C选项“Be hnest with yurself abut yur digital habits.(如实看待自己的数字使用习惯。)”中的“digital habits”直接对应下文“记录频率、时间、感受”，作为主题句概括了段落核心——正视并记录自身习惯。故选C项。
5．根据段落主题句“Accept that anxiety is a part f living.(接受焦虑是生活的一部分。)”可知，此空需解释“接受焦虑”的原因，结合下文的“Make a daily cmmitment t practice radical acceptance — the ability t accept reality withut judgment. That desn’t mean yu apprve f negative events and situatins. Rather, yu accept these circumstances as things yu might nt be able t change at this mment — r ever. (每日承诺践行‘全然接纳’—— 即不加评判地接受现实的能力。这并不意味着你认同负面事件和境遇，而是将这些情况视为当下（甚至永远）可能无法改变的事实去接纳。)”可知，核心是“生活不可控”。D选项“Life is unpredictable and ften beynd yur cntrl.(生活是不可预测的，且往往超出你的控制。)”直接点明不焦虑可预测且不可控制的本质，为“接受焦虑”提供逻辑依据，与下文“无法改变的现实”呼应。故选D项。
5.Fur Things Yu Can D t Help Fight Climate Change
Fighting climate change requires glbal actin, but as individuals, we can als reduce ur carbn ftprint in daily life. Every individual actin, n matter hw minr, cntributes t the larger fight against climate change. 1 .
2
Frm installing a heat pump t lwering yur heating, there are many ways t imprve yur hme’s energy use r reduce wasted heat. Switching frm a gas r il heating system t an electric heat pump can reduce emissins. In additin, imprving insulatin in yur walls, ceilings, and windws helps by reducing the energy needed t heat yur hme, saving mney and lwering emissins. Experts say draught-prfing is ne f the cheapest and mst effective ways t d this.
Eat Less Red Meat and Reduce Fd Waste
The glbal fd system cntributes abut a quarter t a third f all greenhuse gas emissins. Different fds have different envirnmental impacts depending n hw they are prduced. 3 . Besides, reducing fd waste, such as by making smaller prtins and saving leftvers fr later at hme, can make a big difference.
Drive fr Less Emissins
4 . Living withut a car is ne f the best ways t reduce yur transprtatin emissins, thugh this isn’t realistic fr everyne. Small actins, like walking, cycling, r carpling, can still have an impact. If yu can, switching t an electric car reduces emissins cmpared t petrl cars.
Think Befre Yu Buy
A single pair f jeans can prduce ver 30kg f carbn dixide during its lifetime. 5 . Repairing damaged clthes r buying secnd-hand can als help lwer waste. Many brands nw ffer clthing rentals t reduce envirnmental impact.
A．Changes in Yur Hme.
B．Install an Electric Heat Pump in Yur Hme.
C．Even small changes can make a difference in ur everyday chices.
D．Transprt is respnsible fr abut a quarter f all energy-related emissins.
E．Buying clthes made frm rganic materials can help reduce the envirnmental impact.
F．Reducing red meat, such as beef and lamb, helps lwer emissins due t their high carbn ftprints.
G．Buying high-quality, durable prducts instead f cnstantly buying new clthes can help reduce yur carbn ftprint.
【答案】1．C 2．A 3．F 4．D 5．G
【解析】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了个人可采取的四项应对气候变化的具体行动。
1．上文“Fighting climate change requires glbal actin, but as individuals, we can als reduce ur carbn ftprint in daily life. Every individual actin, n matter hw minr, cntributes t the larger fight against climate change.(应对气候变化需要全球行动，但作为个人，我们也可以在日常生活中减少碳足迹。每一个个人的行动，无论多么微小，都对应对气候变化的更大斗争做出了贡献)”说明个人行动对应对气候变化的重要性。空处和上文为总结关系，需引出下文具体行动建议。所以C项 “即使是日常选择中的小改变也能带来不同” 符合语境。故选C。
2．下文“Frm installing a heat pump t lwering yur heating, there are many ways t imprve yur hme’s energy use r reduce wasted heat.(从安装热泵到降低供暖，有很多方法可以改善家里的能源使用或减少浪费的热量)” 本段主要讨论了通过改善家庭能源使用或减少浪费的热量来减少碳足迹的方法，如安装热泵、降低供暖温度、改善隔热层等。空处为段落标题，需概括本段主旨。所以 A 项“家中的改变”符合语境，作为段落标题总领下文。故选A。
3．上文“The glbal fd system cntributes abut a quarter t a third f all greenhuse gas emissins. Different fds have different envirnmental impacts depending n hw they are prduced.(全球食品系统约占所有温室气体排放量的四分之一到三分之一。不同的食物根据其生产方式对环境有不同的影响)”说明全球食品系统对温室气体排放的贡献以及不同食物对环境的不同影响。空处和前文为顺接关系，具体说明减少红肉的原因。所以F项 “减少牛肉和羊肉等红肉有助于降低排放，因为它们的碳足迹很高” 符合语境，与下文“减少食物浪费”并列。故选F。
4．下文“Living withut a car is ne f the best ways t reduce yur transprtatin emissins, thugh this isn’t realistic fr everyne. Small actins, like walking, cycling, r carpling, can still have an impact. If yu can, switching t an electric car reduces emissins cmpared t petrl cars.(没有车的生活是减少交通排放的最佳方式之一，尽管这对每个人来说都不现实。步行、骑自行车或拼车等小动作仍然会产生影响。如果可以的话，与汽油车相比，改用电动汽车可以减少排放)”说明了减少交通排放的方法，如选择无车生活、步行、骑自行车、拼车或换用电动汽车等。空处和下文为总分关系，需概括 “交通领域的排放情况”。所以D项 “交通约占所有能源相关排放的四分之一” 符合语境，引出下文交通减排建议。故选D。
5．上文“A single pair f jeans can prduce ver 30kg f carbn dixide during its lifetime.(一条牛仔裤在其生命周期内可以产生超过30公斤的二氧化碳)”说明一条牛仔裤在其生命周期内可以产生大量的二氧化碳。空处和上文为顺接关系，具体说明购买衣物时的减排措施。所以G项“购买高质量、耐用的产品，而不是不断购买新衣服，有助于减少碳足迹” 符合语境，与下文“修补衣物、买二手衣”并列。故选G。
1.【2022年新高考全国Ⅰ 卷】Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasns t Thank Yur Wrkut Partner.” One reasn was: “Yu’ll actually shw up if yu knw smene is waiting fr yu at the gym, ” while anther read: “___16___” With a wrkut partner, yu will increase yur training effrt as there is a subtle (微妙) cmpetitin.
S, hw d yu find a wrkut partner?
First f all, decide what yu want frm that persn. ___17___ Or d yu just want t be physically fit, able t mve with strength and flexibility? Think abut the exercises yu wuld like t d with yur wrkut partner.
Yu might think abut psting what yu are lking fr n scial media, but it prbably wn’t result in a useful respnse. ___18___ If yu plan n wrking ut in a gym, that persn must belng t the same gym.
My partner psted her request n the ntice bard f a lcal park. Her ntice included what kind f training she wanted t d, hw many days a week and hw many hurs she wanted t spend n each sessin, and her age. It als listed her favrite sprts and activities, and prvided her phne number. ___19___
Yu and yur partner will prbably have different skills. ___20___ Over time, bth f yu will benefit — yur partner will be able t lift mre weights and yu will becme mre physically fit. The cre (核心) f yur relatinship is that yu will always be there t help each ther.
A. Yur first meeting may be a little awkward.
B. A wrkut partner usually needs t live clse by.
C. Yu’ll wrk harder if yu train with smene else.
D. D yu want t be a better athlete in yur favrite sprt?
E. Hw can yu write a gd “seeking training partner” ntice?
F. Just accept yur differences and learn t wrk with each ther.
G. Any ntice fr a training partner shuld include such infrmatin.
【答案】16. C 17. D 18. B 19. G 20. F
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何找到一个一起锻炼的伙伴。
【16题详解】
根据前文“Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasns t Thank Yur Wrkut Partne.” One reasn was: “Yu’ll actually shw up if yu knw smene is waiting fr yu at the gym,”(《健身杂志》最近刊登了一篇题为《感谢健身伙伴的五个理由》的文章。一个理由是：“如果你知道有人在健身房等你，你就会去锻炼。”)”可知，这里陈述另一个和别人一起锻炼的理由。所以选择项C“Yu'll wrk harder if yu train with smene else.(如果你和别人一起训练，你会更努力。)”符合上下文语境。故选C。
【17题详解】
根据前文“First f all, decide what yu want frm that persn. (首先，决定你想从那个人身上得到什么。)”和后文“Or d yu just want t be physically fit, able t mve with strength and flexibility?(或者你只是想要身体健康，能够移动的力量和灵活性?)”可知，这里是一个问句，反问自己结伴锻炼的目的。所以选择项D“D yu want t be a better athlete in yur favrite sprt? (你想在你最喜欢的运动项目上成为更好的运动员吗?)”符合上下文语境。故选D。
【18题详解】
根据前文“Yu might think abut psting what yu are lking fr n scial media, but prbably wn't result in a useful respnse. (你可能会考虑在社交媒体上发布你想要的东西，但可能不会得到有用的回应。)”和后文“If yu plan n wrking ut in a gym, that persn must belng t the same gym.(如果你打算在健身房锻炼，那个人一定是同一个健身房的。)”可知，寻找的锻炼伙伴要具有便利性的特点。所以选择项B“A wrkut partner usually needs t live clse by. (锻炼伙伴通常需要住在附近。)”符合上下文语境。故选B。
【19题详解】
根据前文“My partner psted her request n the ntice bard f a lcal park. Her ntice included what kind f training she wanted t d, hw many days a week and hw many hurs she wanted t spend n each sessin, and her age. It als listed her favrite sprts and activities, and prvided her phne number. (我的搭档把她的要求贴在了当地公园的布告栏上。她的注意事项包括她想要做什么样的锻炼，每周多少天，每次培训要花多少小时，以及她的年龄。它还列出了她最喜欢的运动和活动，并提供了她的电话号码。)”可知，本段作者以自己的锻炼伙伴为例，说明寻找锻炼伙伴布告所要包括的信息。所以选择项G“Any ntice fr a training partner shuld include such infrmatin. (任何锻炼伙伴的布告都应包括这些信息。)”符合上下文语境。故选G。
【20题详解】
根据前文“Yu and yur partner will prbably have different skills. (你和你的伴侣可能有不同的技能。)”和后文“Over time, bth f yu will benefit -- yur partner will be able t lift mre weights and yu will becme mre physically fit.(久而久之，你们双方都会受益——你的伴侣会举起更多的重量，你也会变得更健康。)”可知，要学会求同存异，一起合作，共同提高。所以选择项F“Just accept yur differences and learn t wrk with each ther. (接受你们的不同，学会彼此合作。)”符合上下文语境。故选F。
2.【2022年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】Writing an essay is a difficult prcess fr mst peple. Hwever, the prcess can be made easier if yu learn t practice three simple techniques.
___16___ When yu are first trying t think f ideas fr an essay, put yur pen t yur paper and write nnstp fr ten r fifteen minutes withut letting yur pen leave the paper. Stay lse and free. ___17___ Dn’t wrry abut grammar r spelling. Even thugh this technique wn’t wrk fr everyne, it helps many peple get a gd stre f ideas t draw n.
The next technique is t write yur draft rapidly withut wrrying abut being perfect. ___18___ Yet, by learning t live with imperfectin, yu will save yurself headaches and a wastepaper basket full f crumpled (弄皱) paper. Think f yur first draft as a path cut ut f the jungle—as part f an explratin, nt as a cmplete highway.
The third technique is t try printing ut a triple—spaced (三倍行距) cpy t allw space fr revisin. ___19___ As a result, these writers never get in the habit f crssing ut chunks (大块) f their draft and writing revisins in the blank space. After yu have revised yur draft until it is t messy t wrk frm anymre, yu can enter yur changes int yur wrd prcessr. ___20___ The resulting blank space invites yu t revise.
A. Make sure yur handwriting is neat.
B. Let yur pen fllw the waves f thught.
C. The secnd draft f the essay shuld be better.
D. First f all, learn the technique f nnstp writing.
E. T many writers try t get their drafts right the first time.
F. Many beginning writers dn’t leave enugh space t revise.
G. Then yu can print ut a fresh draft, again setting yur text n triple-space.
【答案】16. D 17. B 18. E 19. F 20. G
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是写文章的技巧。
【16题详解】
空格处是本段的主题句，由空后的“When yu are first trying t think f ideas fr an essay, put yur pen t yur paper and write nnstp fr ten r fifteen minutes withut letting yur pen leave the paper. (当你第一次想写一篇文章的时候，把笔放在纸上，不间断地写10到15分钟，不要让笔离开纸。)”可知，本段主要讲的是要学会不间断地写，D选项“First f all, learn the technique f nnstp writing. (首先，学习不间断写作的技巧。)”概括了本段的主要内容，可作为主题句，故选D。
【17题详解】
空前说“Stay lse and free. (保持宽松和自由。)”，空后说“Dn’t wrry abut grammar r spelling. (不要担心语法和拼写。)”，因此空格处应说按心里想的写，自由发挥，B选项“Let yur pen fllw the waves f thught. (让你的笔跟随思想的波浪。)”说明了按自己的思路和想法来写，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选B。
【18题详解】
空前说“The next technique is t write yur draft rapidly withut wrrying abut being perfect. (下一个技巧是快速写草稿，不要担心是否完美。)”，空后说“Yet, by learning t live with imperfectin, yu will save yurself headaches and a wastepaper basket full f crumpled (弄皱) paper. (然而，通过学习与不完美共存，你将避免自己的头痛和一个装满皱巴巴的废纸篓。)”，E选项“T many writers try t get their drafts right the first time. (太多的作家试图在第一次就把草稿写好。)”中的“get their drafts”和上文的“write yur draft”相呼应，说明了有很多人想一次就写好，这是不合理的，要学会允许不完美的存在，因此E选项承上启下，符合语境，故选E。
【19题详解】
空前说“The third technique is t try printing ut a triple—spaced (三倍行距) cpy t allw space fr revisin. (第三种方法是打印出三倍行距的副本，以便有修改的空间。)”，F选项“Many beginning writers dn’t leave enugh space t revise. (许多初来乍到的作者没有留出足够的修改空间。)”中的“revise”和前面的“revisin”一致，指出了新手作者的常见做法，且其中的“Many beginning writers”和后文的“these writers”相互呼应，因此F选项承上启下，符合语境，故选F。
【20题详解】
空前说“After yu have revised yur draft until it is t messy t wrk frm anymre, yu can enter yur changes int yur wrd prcessr. (当你修改你的草稿，直到它太乱以至于无法继续工作，你可以把你的修改输入到你的文字处理器中。)”，空后说“The resulting blank space invites yu t revise. (由此产生的空白允许您修改。)”，因此空格处应说输入到文字处理器后应该做什么，G选项“Then yu can print ut a fresh draft, again setting yur text n triple-space. (然后你可以打印一份新的草稿，同样将文本设置为三倍行距。)”说的是输入到你的文字处理器后的做法，其中的“triple-space”和后文的“The resulting blank space”相呼应，因此G选项承上启下，符合语境，故选G。
3.【2022年全国乙卷】Friendship needs care and attentin t keep it in gd health. Here are five ways t sustain (保持) lng-distance friendships.
·Set a regular date
Lng-lasting friendships share the characteristic that bth sides equally cntact (联系) and share with ne anther. With busy schedules, squeezing in phne calls can be a challenge. ___16___.
·Mre isn’t always merrier
Make sure yu have cmmunicated with yur friend abut hw frequently each f yu wants t be cntacted and what methd wrks best fr yu bth. ___17___. There are alternatives t cnstant written cmmunicatin, such as leaving vice messages r having a grup chat.
·Practise empathy (共情)
___18___. The friend wh is remaining needs t be sensitive t all the additinal time demands placed n the friend wh has mved. The ne in the new envirnment shuld be sympathetic t the fact that yur friend may feel abandned.
· ___19___
Anniversaries and birthdays carry even mre weight in lng-distance friendships. Althugh technlgy might make day-t-day cmmunicatin pssible, extra effrt ges a lng way n special days. Simply keeping a diary that keeps track f friends’ birthdays and ther imprtant dates will make sure nthing slips by yu.
·Dn’t rely n technlgy alne
___20___, but lng-distance friendships — even clse nes — may require mre cnscius effrt t sustain. Try t seek ut chances t renew friendships. Hw t d it? Just spend face-t-face time tgether whenever pssible.
A. Remember imprtant dates
B. Cmpensate by writing letters
C. It is als helpful fr yu t be a friendship keeper
D. Try t find a time that wrks fr bth f yu and stick t it
E. Friends need t talk abut their preferred methds f cmmunicatin
F. It is easy t have a sense f cnnectedness thrugh scial media
G. Yu may be the friend wh left r the ne wh was left behind
【答案】16. D 17. B 18. G 19. A 20. F
【解析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了五种维系异地友谊的方法。
【16题详解】
上文“With busy schedules, squeezing in phne calls can be a challenge.”（平日繁忙，很难抽出时间打电话。）讲的是双方都很忙碌，很难有时间给对方打电话，D项“尽量找个双方都有空的时间去打电话，并坚持下去” 给出了解决没时间打电话这个问题的方法，符合题意。故选D项。
【17题详解】
上文“Make sure yu have cmmunicated with yur friend abut hw frequently each f yu wants t be cntacted and what methd wrks best fr yu bth.”（确保你已经与你的朋友沟通过，了解你们彼此希望联系的次数，以及哪种沟通方式最适合你们两人。）提到异地朋友之间要商量沟通方式，B项“可以通过写信补偿”提出了其中一种沟通方式：写信，下文“There are alternatives t cnstant written cmmunicatin, such as leaving vice messages r having a grup chat.”（除了不断的文字交流，还有其他方式，比如发语音或者组建群聊。）补充了发语音等其他沟通方式，其中“cnstant written cmmunicatin”呼应了B项的“writing letters”。故选B项。
【18题详解】
下文“The friend wh is remaining”（留下来的朋友）和“The ne in the new envirnment”（在新环境中的那个）提到朋友的两个不同处境，G项“你可能是朋友中离开的那一方，也可能是被留下的那一方”指出了异地友谊中分为离开的一方和留下的一方，其中“the friend wh left”和“the ne wh was left behind”分别对应下文“The ne in the new envirnment”和“The friend wh is remaining”，所以G项符合题意。故选G项。
【19题详解】
分析文章结构可知，设空处的内容是维系异地友谊的第四个方法，是第五段的小标题。下文“Anniversaries and birthdays carry even mre weight in lng-distance friendships.”（周年纪念日和生日对于异地友谊而言是非常重要的。）讲的是诸如周年纪念日和生日等重要的日子对于维系异地友谊是非常重要的，由此推知，这段对应的维系异地友谊的方法是A项“记得重要的日子”，所以A项符合题意。故选A项。
【20题详解】
设空处所在句子的后半句“but lng-distance friendships — even clse nes — may require mre cnscius effrt t sustain.”（但是异地友谊——甚至是关系亲密的友谊——可能需要更加自觉地去维系。）讲的是我们要更加自觉地维系异地友谊，其中“but”说明后半句与设空处形成转折，而F项“朋友之间很容易通过社交媒体产生一种联结感”讲的是可以通过社交媒体这种方式很容易与朋友产生联结，与后半句“require mre cnscius effrt t sustain”形成转折，而且其中的“scial media”呼应了该段的小标题“Dn’t rely n technlgy alne”（不要仅仅依赖技术）中的“technlgy”。故选F项。
4.【2022年全国甲卷】Imprtant Things t Knw When Dining Out
Cultural dining etiquette (礼节) might surprise yu with sme f its imprtant rules. ___16___. Knwing sme tips will help ensure that yu have an enjyable meal with friends r family — n matter where yu are in the wrld.
Chpstick Rules
The way yu handle chpsticks is imprtant t avid annying yur cmpanins. When yu put them dwn between bites, always put them dwn tgether s they are parallel with the edge f the table in frnt f yu. ___17___ .
Hands r Utensils (餐具)
In India and the Middle East, it’s cnsidered very rude t eat with yur left hand. Peple in France expect yu t eat with a utensil in each hand. ___18___, instead preferring t use their hands. In Chile, yu may never tuch any fd with yur fingers. Peple in Thailand generally use their frks nly t push fd nt their spns.
Making Requests
___19___ . In Prtugal, this wuld be a serius mistake, because it shws the chef that yu dn’t like their seasning skills. Similarly, in Italy, never ask fr extra cheese t add t yur fd.
Sme f these cultural dining etiquette rules may seem randm and strange, but they are imprtant in varius cuntries. ___20___ , the mre cmfrtable yu’ll begin t feel with its freign cultural practices.
A. The mre friends yu make in yur lifetime
B. The mre time yu spend in any given cuntry
C. Mexicans cnsider it inapprpriate t eat with utensils
D. Dn’t get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant
E. It’s a gd sign fr the chef if yu make a mess arund yur plate
F. Never stick them upright in yur fd r crss them as yu use them
G. It may seem like a simple request t ask fr salt and pepper at a meal
【答案】16. D 17. F 18. C 19. G 20. B
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些外出就餐时要知道的一些重要事情。
【16题详解】
根据文章标题“Imprtant Things t Knw When Dining Out (外出就餐时要知道的重要事情)”可知，本文主要介绍的是外出就餐时应该知道的重要事情。由此可知，D项“Dn’t get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant (不要在餐馆犯尴尬的错误)”符合语境，其中“at a restaurant”对应标题中的“When Dining Out”，同时引起下文“Knwing sme tips will help ensure that yu have an enjyable meal with friends r family — n matter where yu are in the wrld. (知道一些技巧将有助于确保你和朋友或家人一起享受一顿愉快的晚餐——无论你在世界的哪个地方)”。故选D。
【17题详解】
根据本段小标题“Chpstick Rules”可知，本段主要讲述的是使用筷子的规则。根据上文“When yu put them dwn between bites, always put them dwn tgether s they are parallel with the edge f the table in frnt f yu. (当你在吃的间隙把它们放下来的时候，一定要把它们放在一起，这样它们就和你面前的桌子边缘平行了)”可知，此处讲述了正确使用筷子的方式。由此可知，F项“Never stick them upright in yur fd r crss them as yu use them (不要把它们笔直地插在你的食物中，也不要在使用它们时交叉放置)”讲述的也是使用筷子时的注意事项，符合此处语境，其中“them”指的是上文的“chpsticks”。故选F。
【18题详解】
根据本段小标题“Hands r Utensils (餐具)”可知，本段主要讲述的是手和餐具的问题。根据上文“In India and the Middle East, it’s cnsidered very rude t eat with yur left hand. Peple in France expect yu t eat with a utensil in each hand. (在印度和中东，用左手吃饭被认为是非常不礼貌的。法国人希望你每只手拿一个餐具吃饭)”及下文“instead preferring t use their hands (相反更愿意使用他们的双手)”可知，此处在讲述不同国家就餐时习惯使用哪只手的问题。由此可知，C项“Mexicans cnsider it inapprpriate t eat with utensils (墨西哥人认为用餐具吃饭是不合适的)”符合语境，与下文形成转折关系。故选C。
【19题详解】
根据本段小标题“Making Requests”可知，本段主要讲述的是用餐时提请求的问题。根据下文“In Prtugal, this wuld be a serius mistake, because it shws the chef that yu dn’t like their seasning skills. Similarly, in Italy, never ask fr extra cheese t add t yur fd. (在葡萄牙，这将是一个严重的错误，因为这向厨师表明你不喜欢他们的调味技巧。同样，在意大利，永远不要要求在食物中添加额外的奶酪)”可推知，在一些国家，用餐时提出要求是很无礼的。由此可知，G项“It may seem like simple request t ask fr salt and pepper at a meal (吃饭时要盐和胡椒看似很简单)”符合此处语境，其中“request”是关键词，说明，在用餐时提出一些我们看来很平常的要求在某些国家是无礼的。故选G。
【20题详解】
根据下文“the mre cmfrtable yu’ll begin t feel with its freign cultural practices. (你就会对它的外国文化习俗感到越舒服)”可推知，此处指在一个国家待得越久，就会越习惯当地习俗，且此处是“the+比较级，the+比较级”结构，B项“The mre time yu spend in any given cuntry (你在某个国家待的时间越长)”符合文意，引出下文。故选B。
5.【2022年北京卷】Health and fitness help a persn live a gd and healthy life. Often due t varius pressures, we tend t ignre ur health. ____35____ It is the fitness level f ur bdy that helps us fight these diseases.
____36____ We need t be fit t have a healthy bdy. Similarly, if we are healthy we shall naturally be attracted twards maintaining the fitness f ur bdy. Health is the state f ur bdy at a given time. We may nt have any disease but still have a weak bdy, which is ready t be targeted by viruses. ____37____ This des nt definitely mean that we are nt healthy. It means the fitness level is nt in accrdance with ur age and the climatic cnditins we live in.
It is imprtant fr everyne t devte sme time t health and fitness. ____38____ Fr instance, we must exercise daily regardless f ur age and wrking style. There are different levels f exercises fr different age grups and we must d them accrding t ur wn health and age.
Additinally, it is imprtant t relax ur bdy. We shuld have at least six t eight hurs f sleep every day. It helps in imprving ur immune (免疫) system and prtects us against diseases. ____39____ This, in turn, gives us new gals f health and fitness.
A. Fitness levels decide the quality f life.
B. Health and fitness are interrelated t each ther.
C. It als helps in keeping us calm and relaxes ur mind.
D. Fr instance, we may have a tendency t catch a cld easily.
E. If we keep ur bdy fit, we can enjy life in a better manner.
F. There are sme activities which everyne shuld d in ur life.
G. This makes ur bdy suffer and we will catch ther diseases.
【答案】35. G 36. B 37. D 38. F 39. C
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是健康和健身之间密不可分的关系以及我们应该通过哪些健身的方式来让自己有一个健康的身体。
35.
根据空前“Health and fitness help a persn live a gd and healthy life. Often due t varius pressures, we tend t ignre ur health.(健康和健身帮助一个人过上良好和健康的生活。由于各种各样的压力，我们往往会忽视自己的健康。)”可知因为各种压力，我们的健康容易被忽视，根据空后“It is the fitness level f ur bdy that helps us fight these diseases.(正是我们身体的健康水平帮助我们对抗这些疾病。)”可知身体的健康可以让我们应对各种疾病，空处承上启下，所以空处应该讲忽视健康对我们的身体及生活的影响。G项“This makes ur bdy suffer and we will catch ther diseases.(这使我们的身体遭受痛苦，而且我们会感染其他疾病。)”承接上文，引出下文，而且G项中的ther diseases与空后的these diseases相互照应，符合上下文语境。故选G项。
36.
根据空后“We need t be fit t have a healthy bdy. Similarly, if we are healthy we shall naturally be attracted twards maintaining the fitness f ur bdy.(为了拥有一个健康的身体我们需要健康。同样，如果我们是健康的，我们自然会被保持健康的身体所吸引。)”可知健康的身体与健身是密不可分的，空处位于句首，应是本段的主旨句，B项“Health and fitness are interrelated t each ther.(健康和健身是相互关联的。)”概括全段的主要内容，符合上下文语境。故选B项。
37.
根据空前“Health is the state f ur bdy at a given time. We may nt have any disease but still have a weak bdy, which is ready t be targeted by viruses.(健康是在特定时间内我们身体的状态。我们可能没有任何疾病，但身体仍然虚弱，随时会被病毒攻击。)”可知我们的身体虽然没有生病，但也很虚弱，随时会生病，根据空后“This des nt definitely mean that we are nt healthy.(这并不一定意味着我们不健康。)”可知生病并不一定表明我们是不健康的。空处承上启下，所以空处应该举例说明我们的身体在虚弱的情况下会生病这样一种状况，D项“Fr instance, we may have a tendency t catch a cld easily.(例如，我们可能很容易感冒。)”举例说明我们的身体会在虚弱的情况下生病，承接上文，引出下文，而且空后的This指代D项的we may have a tendency t catch a cld easily这种情况，符合上下文语境。故选D项。
38.
根据空前“It is imprtant fr everyne t devte sme time t health and fitness.(对每个人来说，花些时间在健康和健身方面是很重要的。)”可知我们应该花时间去健身，根据空后“Fr instance, we must exercise daily regardless f ur age and wrking style.(例如，我们必须每天锻炼，不管我们的年龄和工作方式。)”可知我们应该每天坚持锻炼，空处承上启下，所以空处应该讲的是我们应该通过哪些活动来进行锻炼，F项“There are sme activities which everyne shuld d in ur life.(在我们的生活中有一些活动是每个人都应该做的。)”承接上文，引出下文，符合上下文语境。故选F项。
39.
根据空前“We shuld have at least six t eight hurs f sleep every day. It helps in imprving ur immune (免疫) system and prtects us against diseases.(我们每天至少应该有6到8个小时的睡眠。它有助于改善我们的免疫系统，保护我们抵抗疾病。)”可知我们应该保障充足的睡眠，根据空后“This, in turn, gives us new gals f health and fitness.(这反过来又给了我们健康和健身的新目标。)”可知充足的睡眠会对我们的健康和健身目标很有好处，空处承上启下，所以空处应该继续讲充足的睡眠的好处，C项“It als helps in keeping us calm and relaxes ur mind.(它也帮助我们保持冷静和放松我们的大脑。)”进一步讲了充足的睡眠对于我们的好处，承接上文，引出下文，符合上下文语境。故选C项。
6.【2022年浙江卷6月】I have a drawer full f letters t Santa. Each year my children wuld write up their Christmas wish lists. They were plite requests fr the latest game r ty. As the children gt lder, they wuld give Santa sme hints(提示)n where t buy their presents. ____11____
Thse letters taught my children a valuable lessn abut writing: It has a purpse. Smetimes ur purpse is t achieve smething;ther times it may be t entertain, infrm, r persuade. ____12____ And when writing desn’t seem t have any purpse r get any kind f meaningful respnse, then it can be hard t get excited abut ding it.
Christmas is a great time f year fr children t cmmunicate with thers thrugh writing. When children write fr real audiences and real purpses, they can learn t chse their wrds accrdingly. ____13____ Yu write “Dear Santa” because yu dn’t knw him persnally and yu want t shw him respect.
____14____ Texting, nline messaging, live chats while playing vide games all mean that they are cnstantly prducing written messages. Hwever, because they are usually writing t family and friends, they use infrmal language mst f the time.
There is nthing wrng with this kind f writing. It suits the audience and the purpse and gets the jb dne. ____15____ This type f writing wn’t be rewarded by the schl examiner, nr by a future emplyer r a ptential client. The very best cmmunicatrs are thse wh knw hw t adjust their language t match their audience.
A. It isn’t that these yung peple can’t write.
B. But it is always purpseful-r at least it shuld be.
C. The age f pen-and-paper letter writing may have passed.
D. As a result, each year they received smething they wanted.
E. Yu write “Hi Nanna and Pp” because yu are clse t them.
F. As technlgy develps, yung peple are writing mre than they ever have.
G. But if this is the nly kind f writing yung peple d, it will cause prblems.
【解析】本文是一篇议论文。作者通过讲述孩子们通过给圣诞老人写信暗示得到自己心仪的礼物，从而论证观点：人们写作都是带有某种目的的。
11.D根据空前“As the children gt lder, they wuld give Santa sme hints(提示)n where t buy their presents. (随着孩子们逐渐长大，他们会给圣诞老人一些提示，告诉他去哪里买礼物。)”可知，孩子们给圣诞老人提示去哪买礼物。结合选项可知，D项“As a result, each year they received smething they wanted. (结果，他们每年都会收到他们想要的东西。)”为孩子们提示的结果：收到心仪的礼物。前后为明显的因果关系。故选D项。
12.B根据空前“Smetimes ur purpse is t achieve smething;ther times t may be t entertain, infrm, r persuade. (有时我们的目的是为了获得东西，有时可能是为了娱乐、告知或说服。)”可知，我们写作都是带着目的的。结合选项B“But it is always purpseful-r at least it shuld be. (但它总是有目的的——或者至少应该是这样。)”可知，前后语意一致，说明写作是带有目的的。故选B项。
13.E根据空前“When children write fr real audiences and real purpses, they can learn t chse their wrds accrdingly. (当孩子们为真正的读者和真正的目的写作时，他们就能学会相应地选择用词。)”以及空后“Yu write “Dear Santa” because yu dn’t knw him persnally and yu want t shw him respect. (你写“亲爱的圣诞老人”是因为你不认识他，你想表达对他的尊重。)”可知，空后句和空前句之间是“理论——实践”的关系，由此可推知，空处也应为具体的实践。结合选项E“Yu write “Hi Nanna and Pp” because yu are clse t them. (你写“嗨，奶奶和爸爸”，因为你和他们很亲近。)”可知，符合这一逻辑。而且和空后结构一致。故选E项。
14.F根据空后“Texting, nline messaging, live chats while playing vide games all mean that they are cnstantly prducing written messages. (在玩电子游戏时发短信、在线消息、实时聊天都意味着他们在不断地产生书面信息。 )”可知，科技的发展让人们的写作变得更普遍。结合选项F“As technlgy develps, yung peple are writing mre than they ever have. (随着科技的发展，年轻人写的东西比以前更多了。)”可知，前后语意一致，符合语境。故选F项。
15.G根据空前“There is nthing wrng with this kind f writing. It suits the audience and the purpse and gets the jb dne. (这种写作方式并没有错。它迎合了观众和目的，完成了任务。)”可知，作者在评价这种科技影响下的写作方式。结合选项G“But if this is the nly kind f writing yung peple d, it will cause prblems. (但如果这是年轻人唯一的写作方式，那就会造成问题。)”可知，前后语意一致，从正反两方面评价科技带来的写作。故选G项。
7.【2022年浙江卷1月】I have the same 24 hurs in a day as yu d, but 1 have made specific chice that allw me t make the mst f every day and still feel happy and relaxed. 11
Pick the mst imprtant.
12 Fcus n spending time that fr yu is fun and prductive. 1 chse the life f an adviser because I like t wrk with cmpanies, but dn't want the life f a big cmpany CEO. My chices are based n the lifestyle 1 want.
Cmbine yur activities.
Many peple g crazy trying t figure ut hw t spend time with friends, family, wrk, play, etc. 13
Find ways t enjy them in a cmbined manner. Build yur scial life arund peple yur wrk envirnment. Find peple in yur cmpany wh share cmmn interests and develp yur career （职业）arund the peple and activities yu lve.
14
Yu wuld think learning takes mre time frm yu, but actually there are always new ways f ding things that can save yu time n daily tasks, freeing yu up fr the mst imprtant. Always be lking fr a new way t gain back an hur here r there.
Lighten up.
The wrld wn't cme t an end in mst cases just because yu left a few things undne. Celebrate prgress and keep refining （改进）tward a happy prductive existence. 15 Every cmpletin is a small victry that adds up in a big way.
Speed up.
Be an active learner.
Stp trying t balance time between them all.
Make chices abut what is meaningful in yur life.
The things yu d well usually give yu greater jy.
F Perhaps these tips will help yu make the mst f yur time.
G. This is why making lists is imprtant in any prductivity handbk.
【答案】11. F 12. D 13. C 14. B 15. G
【解析】本文是说明文。作者给出了既可以充分利用时间又可以快乐放松的有效建议。
【11题详解】
上文 “ I have the same 24 hurs in a day as yu d, but 1 have made specific chice that allw me t make the mst f every day and still feel happy and relaxed.（我和你一样，每天都有24小时，但我做了具体的选择，让我充 分利用每一天，仍然感到快乐和放松）”说明作者做出选择，充分利用每一天，但仍旧感到快乐和轻松，根 据下文段落小标题可知，下文就如何充分利用每一天给出了建议，因此空格处应是承上启下，F项中的“help yu make the mst f yur time与上文 “t make the mst f every day ” 一致，“tips” 引出下文的建议，因此 F项“也许这些建议会帮助你充分利用你的时间”符合语境，承上启下。故选F。
【12题详解】
根据段落标题“Pick the mst imprtant.”可知，本段建议挑选最重要的，下文“Fcus n spending time that fr yu is fun and prductive.（把时间花在那些对你来说有趣和富有成效的事情上）”说明要挑选一些有趣的 和富有成效的事情去做，D项中的“ what is meaningful in yur life”与标题中的"the mst imprtant一致， 下文是对“Make chices”具体解释。因此推断D项“选择你生活中有意义的东西”符合语境。故选D。 【13题详解】
上文 “Many peple g crazy trying t figure ut hw t spend time with friends, family, wrk, play, etc.（ 许多人疯 狂地试图弄清楚如何在朋友，家庭，工作，娱乐等方面度过时间）”说明许多人想要弄清楚在生活中如何分 配好时间，下文“Find ways t enjy them in a cmbined manner.（找到一种结合的方式来享受它们）”说明可 以把事情组合在一起享受，因此推断空格处与上文是转折关系，说明不要试图均衡时间，C项“不要试图在 它们之间平衡时间”符合语境。故选C。
【14题详解】
空格处为段落小标题。根据下文“Yu wuld think learning takes mre time frm yu, but actually there are always new ways f ding things that can save yu time n daily tasks, freeing yu up fr the mst imprtant. Always be lking fr a new way t gain back an hur here r there. Always be lking fr a new way t gain back an hur here r there.（你可能会认为学习需要花费了你更多的时间，但实际上总有一些新的方法可以为你节省出做日常 事务的时间，为你腾出时间去做最重要的事情。寻找在这里或者那里赢回一个小时的新方法）”可推断，本 段讲述学习虽然花费很多时间，但总是能有一些方法为你节省时间做其他事情，因此要做有效的学习者。 因此推断B项“做有效的学习者”为段落标题，故选B。
【15题详解】
下文 “Every cmpletin is a small victry that adds up in a big way.（每一次的完成都是一个小的胜利，累积起 来就是一个大的胜利）”说明事情要一件一件去做，G项中的“making lists”与之呼应，因此推断G项“这 就是为什么列清单在任何生产手册中都很重要的原因”符合语境，this指代上文“The wrld wn't cme t an end in mst cases just because yu left a few things undne. Celebrate prgress and keep refining （改进）tward a happy prductive existence.（在大多数情况下，世界不会因为你没做完几件事而走向末日。庆祝进步，不断 改进走向一个快乐而富有成效的存在）”解释了列出清单一件一件完成任务的原因。故选G。
8.【2022年浙江卷6月】I have a drawer full f letters t Santa. Each year my children wuld write up their Christmas wish lists. They were plite requests fr the latest game r ty. As the children gt lder, they wuld give Santa sme hints(提示)n where t buy their presents. ____11____
Thse letters taught my children a valuable lessn abut writing: It has a purpse. Smetimes ur purpse is t achieve smething;ther times it may be t entertain, infrm, r persuade. ____12____ And when writing desn’t seem t have any purpse r get any kind f meaningful respnse, then it can be hard t get excited abut ding it.
Christmas is a great time f year fr children t cmmunicate with thers thrugh writing. When children write fr real audiences and real purpses, they can learn t chse their wrds accrdingly. ____13____ Yu write “Dear Santa” because yu dn’t knw him persnally and yu want t shw him respect.
____14____ Texting, nline messaging, live chats while playing vide games all mean that they are cnstantly prducing written messages. Hwever, because they are usually writing t family and friends, they use infrmal language mst f the time.
There is nthing wrng with this kind f writing. It suits the audience and the purpse and gets the jb dne. ____15____ This type f writing wn’t be rewarded by the schl examiner, nr by a future emplyer r a ptential client. The very best cmmunicatrs are thse wh knw hw t adjust their language t match their audience.
A. It isn’t that these yung peple can’t write.
B. But it is always purpseful-r at least it shuld be.
C. The age f pen-and-paper letter writing may have passed.
D. As a result, each year they received smething they wanted.
E. Yu write “Hi Nanna and Pp” because yu are clse t them.
F. As technlgy develps, yung peple are writing mre than they ever have.
G. But if this is the nly kind f writing yung peple d, it will cause prblems.
【解析】本文是一篇议论文。作者通过讲述孩子们通过给圣诞老人写信暗示得到自己心仪的礼物，从而论证观点：人们写作都是带有某种目的的。
11.D根据空前“As the children gt lder, they wuld give Santa sme hints(提示)n where t buy their presents. (随着孩子们逐渐长大，他们会给圣诞老人一些提示，告诉他去哪里买礼物。)”可知，孩子们给圣诞老人提示去哪买礼物。结合选项可知，D项“As a result, each year they received smething they wanted. (结果，他们每年都会收到他们想要的东西。)”为孩子们提示的结果：收到心仪的礼物。前后为明显的因果关系。故选D项。
12.B根据空前“Smetimes ur purpse is t achieve smething;ther times t may be t entertain, infrm, r persuade. (有时我们的目的是为了获得东西，有时可能是为了娱乐、告知或说服。)”可知，我们写作都是带着目的的。结合选项B“But it is always purpseful-r at least it shuld be. (但它总是有目的的——或者至少应该是这样。)”可知，前后语意一致，说明写作是带有目的的。故选B项。
13.E根据空前“When children write fr real audiences and real purpses, they can learn t chse their wrds accrdingly. (当孩子们为真正的读者和真正的目的写作时，他们就能学会相应地选择用词。)”以及空后“Yu write “Dear Santa” because yu dn’t knw him persnally and yu want t shw him respect. (你写“亲爱的圣诞老人”是因为你不认识他，你想表达对他的尊重。)”可知，空后句和空前句之间是“理论——实践”的关系，由此可推知，空处也应为具体的实践。结合选项E“Yu write “Hi Nanna and Pp” because yu are clse t them. (你写“嗨，奶奶和爸爸”，因为你和他们很亲近。)”可知，符合这一逻辑。而且和空后结构一致。故选E项。
14.F根据空后“Texting, nline messaging, live chats while playing vide games all mean that they are cnstantly prducing written messages. (在玩电子游戏时发短信、在线消息、实时聊天都意味着他们在不断地产生书面信息。 )”可知，科技的发展让人们的写作变得更普遍。结合选项F“As technlgy develps, yung peple are writing mre than they ever have. (随着科技的发展，年轻人写的东西比以前更多了。)”可知，前后语意一致，符合语境。故选F项。
15.G根据空前“There is nthing wrng with this kind f writing. It suits the audience and the purpse and gets the jb dne. (这种写作方式并没有错。它迎合了观众和目的，完成了任务。)”可知，作者在评价这种科技影响下的写作方式。结合选项G“But if this is the nly kind f writing yung peple d, it will cause prblems. (但如果这是年轻人唯一的写作方式，那就会造成问题。)”可知，前后语意一致，从正反两方面评价科技带来的写作。故选G项。
9.【2021年新高考全国Ⅱ 卷】If the nly reading yu ever d is the nvel r magazine, the speed at which yu read -prbably des nt matter very much. But if yu have t read a great deal fr study, yu will appreciate the benefits f being able t read mre quickly. ____16____
·Befre yu pen the bk, make sure that yu are cmfrtable. Yu need a seat which supprts yur back and the bk shuld be at the right distance frm yur eyes. ____17____
____18____ Lk at the table f cntents, the preface, the chapter heading,etc.This will help yu t decide whether yu really need t read the whle bk r nly certain parts f it. Ten minutes spent in this way culd save yu quite a lt f time in the lng run.
If yu decide that yu need t read the whle bk, decide hw much yu can read at a time. ____19____ A histry bk which may cntain the facts in stry frm will be easier t read than ne dealing with scientific subjects. In the frmer case yu may be able t read a chapter. In the latter yu may nly be able t read ne page.
Always keep a pencil and paper beside yu. ____20____Nte als the facts imprtant fr yur purpse as well as anything which leads yu t further research. Yu dn't have t write these things in detail. It is enugh t put the page number and ne r tw wrds as a reminder .
A. Stp t have a rest nw and then.
B. Spend a few minutes lking thrugh the bk.
C. This depends n the type f bk yu are reading.
D. Here are sme tips t help imprve yur reading speed.
E. Make a nte f any page which is f special imprtance.
F. Yu may find yurself having t leam smething by heart.
G. Keep the rm cl rather than warm t avid feeling sleepy.
【答案】16. D 17. G 18. B 19. C 20. E
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些帮助提高阅读速度的建议。
【16题详解】
根据上文“If the nly reading yu ever d is the nvel r magazine, the speed at which yu read -prbably des nt matter very much. But if yu have t read a great deal fr study, yu will appreciate the benefits f being able t read mre quickly.（如果你唯一的阅读是小说或杂志，那么你阅读的速度可能并不重要。但是，如果你必须大量阅读来学习，你就会感激能够更快地阅读的好处。）”可知，接下来要介绍提高阅读速度的方法。D项：Here are sme tips t help imprve yur reading speed.（这里有一些帮助提高阅读速度的建议。）符合语境。故选D。
【17题详解】
根据本段主题句“Befre yu pen the bk, make sure that yu are cmfrtable.（在你打开书之前，确保你感到舒服。）”可知，本段主要说明要给自己创造舒适的阅读环境。G项：Keep the rm cl rather than warm t avid feeling sleepy.（保持房间凉爽而不是温暖以避免困倦。）符合语境。故选G。
【18题详解】
空处为段落主题句。根据下文“Lk at the table f cntents, the preface, the chapter heading,etc（查看目录、前言、章节标题等。）”可知，本段主要讲述在阅读一本书之前要先浏览一下大致内容。B项：Spend a few minutes lking thrugh the bk.（花几分钟浏览一下这本书。）符合语境。故选B。
【19题详解】
根据上文“If yu decide that yu need t read the whle bk, decide hw much yu can read at a time.（如果你决定要读完整本书，决定一下你一次能读多少。）”和下文“A histry bk which may cntain the facts in stry frm will be easier t read than ne dealing with scientific subjects.（以故事形式包含事实的历史书比科学题材的书更容易阅读。）”可知，看书时间的长短取决于书的类型。C项：This depends n the type f bk yu are reading.（这取决于你读的书的类型。）符合语境。故选C。
【20题详解】
根据段落主题句“Always keep a pencil and paper beside yu.（总是在身边放一支铅笔和一张纸。）”可知，本段强调要随时注意记笔记。E项：Make a nte f any page which is f special imprtance.（把任何有特别重要的一页都记下来。）符合语境。故选E。
10.【2021年全国甲卷】Swap, Dn’t shp!
Yu keep hearing abut recycling, right? But it desn't end with bttles, cans, and paper. Clthing takes a huge amunt f natural resurces（资源）t make, and buying lads f new clthing（r thrwing ut ld clthing）is nt healthy fr the envirnment. S what t d with all thse perfectly-gd-but-yu're-maybe-a-little-sick-f-them clthes piled n yur bedrm flr? ____16____. It's the best way t get rid f yur used clthes, scre clthes frm yur friends, and have a party all at the same time.
A successful swap depends n the selectin f clthes, the rganizatin f the event, and, bviusly, hw much fun is had. It's really easy t d! Here are a few pinters.
●Invite 5—10 peple s yu have a nice selectin. ____17____ , and there may nt be enugh things t chse frm; mre than that, and it becmes uncntrllable.
●____18____. They shuld als prepare plenty f reusable bags t carry their "new" clthes hme.
●Put different types f clthing n different surfaces in the rm.____19____. Place a few mirrrs arund yur rm s peple can see hw things lk when they try them n. One f the grund rules f the swap shuld be that everyne must try n the clthes befre they take them—things always lk different when yu put them n.
●Set a starting time. Maybe yu say “g,” r turn n a certain sng, r whatever. ____20____. And dn't frget t put ut sme ckies and fruits. Remember, it's a party!
A. Less peple than that
B. Hld a clthing swap
C. If tw peple are cmpeting
D. Just keep music playing thrughut
E. Dnate whatever clthes are left ver
F. Have everyne put their clthes in the right spts
G. Tell everyne t bring clean clthes in gd cnditin
【答案】16. B 17. A 18. G 19. F 20. D
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了通过衣物交换来处理旧衣服的方法——衣物交换派对，以及一些具体的流程。
【16题详解】
根据上文“S what t d with all thse perfectly- gd-but-yu 're- maybe-little-sick-f-them clthes piled n yur bedrm flr?（那么，该如何处理那些堆在卧室地板上的（看起来）完好但你可能有点厌倦的衣服呢？）”提出关于如何解决旧衣物的问题。下文“It's the best way t get rid f yur used clthes, scre clthes frm yur friends, and have a party all at the same time.（这是扔掉旧衣服、从朋友那里买衣服、同时开派对的最好方法。）”提到了具体处理旧衣物的方法。所以空白处应起承上启下的作用，承接上文讲到的问题，启下提出的方法。因而空白处是提出了一种处理旧衣物的好方法。B项“Hld a clthing swap.（进行衣物交换。）”给出了一种处理旧衣物的方法，承上启下，符合语境。故选B项。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Invite 5-10 peple s yu have a nice selectin.”（邀请5到10个人，这样你就有一个很好的选择。）说明了应该邀请的人数。下文“and there may nt be enugh things t chse frm; mre than that, and it becmes uncntrllable.”（可能没有足够的东西可供选择；多于这个数量，它就变得无法控制。）说明多于或少于一定数量的人数将会导致一些麻烦。所以空白处应是针对下文中的“mre than that”提出的相反的假设，即少于一定数量的人。A项“Less peple than that”（少于这些人）提出一种假设，和下文中“mre than that”相对，说明人数不宜太多，也不能太少，符合语境。故选A项。
【18题详解】
根据下文“They shuld als prepare plenty f reusable bags t carry their “new” clthes hme.”（他们还应该准备大量的可重复使用的袋子，把他们的“新”衣服带回家。）说明去的时候应该为交换所得的“新衣服”准备袋子。G项“Tell everyne t bring clean clthes in gd cnditin.”（告诉每个人带来品相完好的衣服。）说明去参加衣物交换的时候应该带完好的衣服，其中的bring和下文中carry相对，都是为交换衣物所做的准备。下文中的als也是提示词，并且其中They指代G项的everyne。所以G项符合语境。故选G项。
【19题详解】
根据上文“Put different types f clthing n different surfaces in the rm.”（把不同类型的衣服放在房间的不同地方。）指出衣服应该归类放置。下文“Place a few mirrrs arund yur rm s peple can see hw things lk when they try them n.”（在房间周围放几面镜子，这样人们试穿时就能看到衣服的样子。）提到了放置镜子的意义。由此可见，本段讲述的是房间里的一些具体的做法，所以空白处一样要提出人们在房间里要做什么。F项“Have everyne put their clthes in the right spts.（让每个人的衣服都放在相应的位置上。）”说明每个人应该按照不同类型把衣服摆放在相应的位置，符合语境。故选F项。
【20题详解】
上文“Set a starting time. Maybe yu say “g,” r turn n a certain sng, r whatever.”（设置开始时间。也许你说“开始”，或者打开一首歌，或者无论什么。）打开音乐或者无论什么，意味聚会开始。下文“And dn't frget t put ut sme ckies and fruits. Remember, it's a party!”（别忘了拿出一些饼干和水果。记住，这是个派对！）讲到了聚会上应该提供一些派对该有的服务。因而，空白处应是承接上文，讲述聚会期间要保持应有的内容。D项“Just keep music playing thrughut.”（要始终播放音乐。）承上启下，说明在派对上要有音乐，与前文形成意义上的一致，符合题意，故选D项。
11.【2021年全国乙卷】Accrding t Jessica Hagy, authr f Hw t Be Interesting, it’s nt difficult t make yurself interesting at a dinner party.
___36___, if yu’re ut f yur cmfrt zne r if yu’re wandering int smebdy’s huse fr the first time. S the main thing is just t shw up and be adventurus, trying different fds and talking t strangers.
Peple lve t talk abut themselves. If yu can start the cnversatin with a questin ther than “What d yu d fr a living?”, yu’ll be able t get a lt mre interesting cnversatin ut f whmever it is yu’re talking t. ___37___, it can bring in “I have this ld, brken-dwn vehicle” r “I rde the bus with these crazy peple wh were laughing at silly jkes in the back.” It just pens up cnversatin.
___38___? If yu can’t take their wine away, yu shuld certainly try t take away their sapbx （讲台）. If yu’re the hst, yu can ask them t help yu in the kitchen with smething and just remve them frm the situatin.___39___.
And what abut that ther dinner-party killer: awkward silence? If yu’re faced with an awkward silence at a dinner party, the nly thing that always gets everyne talking again is t give the hst a cmpliment（赞扬）. ___40___. Just quickly turn arund and say, “This cake is extremely delicius and yu have t tell me all abut it.”
S being interesting at a dinner party isn’t that hard.
A. Hw d yu knw the hst
B. The first step is t g explring
C. If yu ask the questin “Hw did yu get here?”
D. Be prepared t have awkward cnversatins with strangers
E. Or turn the cnversatin int a tpic where they have little t say
F. What abut that persn wh had t much t drink r wn’t stp talking
G. He r she is the persn wh is feeling the weight f that awkwardness the mst
【答案】36. B 37. C 38. F 39. E 40. G
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在晚宴上让自己表现得有趣的一些方法。
【36题详解】
根据上文“it’s nt difficult t make yurself interesting at a dinner party (在晚宴上让自己变得有趣并不难)”可知，下文应主要讲述如何在晚宴上让自己变得有趣。下文“S the main thing is just t shw up and be adventurus, trying different fds and talking t strangers. (所以最主要的事情就是去尝试，去冒险，尝试不同的食物，和陌生人交谈)”可推知，本段主要说明想在晚宴上让自己变得有趣，就要勇于冒险，勇于探索。由此可知，B项“The first step is t g explring(第一步是去探索)”承上启下，符合题意。故选B项。
【37题详解】
根据下文“it can bring in “I have this ld, brken-dwn vehicle” r “I rde the bus with these crazy peple wh were laughing at silly jkes in the back.” It just pens up cnversatin. (它可以带入“我有这辆破旧的车”或“我和那些在后面嘲笑愚蠢笑话的疯子一起乘坐公共汽车。”它只是打开了对话)”可知，设空处应该是提了一个不太好的问题，只是开始交流，但并不会给人留下有趣的印象。由此可知，C项“If yu ask the questin “Hw did yu get here?”(如果你问“你是怎么到这里来的？”这个问题)”能够承接下文，符合题意。故选C项。
【38题详解】
根据下文“If yu can’t take their wine away, yu shuld certainly try t take away their sapbx. If yu’re the hst, yu can ask them t help yu in the kitchen with smething and just remve them frm the situatin. (如果你不能拿走他们的酒，你当然应该让他们离开讲话的地方。如果你是主人，你可以让他们到厨房帮你做点什么，只是为了让他们摆脱那种情景)”可知，此处指出了一个问题的解决办法。由此推知，设空处提到了一个棘手的问题。F项“What abut the persn wh has had t much t drink r wn’t stp talking(喝太多酒或一直说个不停的人怎么办)”正是提出的问题，引出下文的解决办法，符合题意。故选F项。
【39题详解】
根据上文“If yu can’t take their wine away, yu shuld certainly try t take away their sapbx (讲台). If yu’re the hst, yu can ask them t help yu in the kitchen with smething and just remve them frm the situatin. (如果你不能拿走他们的酒，你当然应该让他们离开讲话的地方。如果你是主人，你可以让他们到厨房帮你做点什么，只是为了让他们摆脱那种情景)”可知，本段主要是为解决“喝太多酒或一直说个不停”这个问题提供方法。由此可知，E项“Or turn the cnversatin int a tpic where they have little t say(或者把谈话变成他们没什么可说的话题)”是提出的另一个解决办法，承接上文，符合题意。故选E项。
【40题详解】
根据上文“If yu’re faced with an awkward silence at a dinner party, the nly thing that always gets everyne talking again is t give the hst a cmpliment.(如果你在晚宴上遭遇了尴尬的沉默，唯一能让大家再次交谈的方法就是赞美主人)”可知，此处指出赞美主人可以缓解尴尬的沉默，设空处承上启下，下文“This cake is extremely delicius and yu have t tell me all abut it.(这蛋糕特别好吃，你得告诉我它的一切)”对主人进行了赞美。由此可知，宴会上出现尴尬的沉默时，最尴尬的就是主人，所以需要赞美主人来缓解尴尬。G项“He r she is the persn wh is feeling the weight f that awkwardness the mst(他或她是最能感受到那种尴尬的人)”承上启下，符合题意。故选G项
12.【2021年北京卷】Music has lng been cnsidered t be an enjyable pastime fr many peple． ____35____ The mental health benefits frm music can't be argued．Music culd als be helping yu with many ther health prblems behind the scenes．
____36____Hwever，fr the same reasn，music can be very beneficial if ne is in pain．By distracting （分心） the mind frm the pain，music，peple say，can lwer stress and anxiety levels．This，f curse，can lead t less pain．
Many peple enjy relaxing music in the evening prir t ging t bed．____37____While the validity f the idea is still being assessed，the lwered stress can even be tied back t bld pressure．Similarly, accrding t researchers，listening t just 30 minutes f sft music every day may help with healthy bld sugar levels， thrugh the lwering f stress and anxiety．
When it cmes t heart health，there is speculatin （推测） that it's nt the style f music， but rather the temp that makes it s gd fr yur heart health．In ne Eurpean study，participants listened t music as the researchers mnitred their heart rates and bld pressure．____38____ On the ther hand，when the music slwed，the participants' stress and anxiety levels became lwer and the effects n heart rates appeared t fllw suit．
____39____But there is a whle range f ther health issues that turning up the radi culd be beneficial fr，which is what makes music s valuable．
A. This feeling can als result in many ther health prblems．
B. Sme experts say that music can be harmful if it is t lud．
C. This idea is a little ff-the-wall but still has scientific backing．
D. They say it can play a big rle in calming the brain enugh t sleep．
E. The implicatins f music n verall well-being are really impressive．
F. It is als highly ppular due t the individualized effects n stress and anxiety．
G. Interestingly，the mre cheerful the music was，the faster their heart rates were．
【答案】35. F 36. B 37. D 38. G 39. E
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是音乐对身体的好处。
【35题详解】
空格后说“The mental health benefits frm music can't be argued”（音乐对心理健康的益处是毋庸置疑的），F选项It is als highly ppular due t the individualized effects n stress and anxiety中的stress and anxiety照应了mental health benefits，因此F选项切合题意，故选F。
【36题详解】
空格后说“Hwever，fr the same reasn，music can be very beneficial if ne is in pain”（然而，出于同样的原因，当一个人处于痛苦中时，音乐是非常有益的），Hwever表转折，因此空格处为对音乐的负面评价，B选项Sme experts say that music can be harmful if it is t lud中的harmful就是负面评价，因此B选项切合题意，故选B。
【37题详解】
空格前说“Many peple enjy relaxing music in the evening prir t ging t bed”（许多人喜欢在晚上睡觉前听些轻松的音乐），D选项They say it can play a big rle in calming the brain enugh t sleep中的sleep和ging t bed相呼应，因此D选项切合题意，故选D。
【38题详解】
空格前说“In ne Eurpean study，participants listened t music as the researchers mnitred their heart rates and bld pressure”（在欧洲的一项研究中，参与者听音乐，研究人员监测他们的心率和血压），G选项Interestingly，the mre cheerful the music was，the faster their heart rates were中的heart rates和前面的heart rates相照应，因此G选项切合题意，故选G。
【39题详解】
空格后说“But there is a whle range f ther health issues that turning up the radi culd be beneficial fr，which is what makes music s valuable”（但是，开着收音机还可以对一系列其他的健康问题有益，这就是音乐如此有价值的原因），因此本段讲的是音乐对身体总的好处，E选项The implicatins f music n verall well-being are really impressive讲的是音乐对整体健康的影响是非常令人印象深刻的，因此E选项切合题意，故选E。
13.【2021年浙江卷1月】Yu run int the grcery stre t pick up ne bttle f water. Yu get what yu need, head t the frnt, and chse the line that lks fastest.
Yu chse wrng. Peple wh yu swear gt in ther lines lng after yu are already checked ut and ff t the parking lt. 11．
It turns ut, it's just math wrking against yu; chances are, the ther line really is faster.
Grcery stres try t have enugh emplyees at checkut t get all their custmers thrugh with minimum delay. 12．Any small interruptin - a price check, a chatty custmer-can have dwnstream effects, hlding up an entire line.
If there are three lines in the stre, delays will happen randmly at different registers. Think abut the prbability:13．S it's nt just in yur mind: Anther line prbably is mving faster.
Researchers have a gd way t deal with this prblem. Make all custmers stand in ne lng, snaking line- called a serpentine line - and serve each persn at the frnt with the next available register. 14．This is what they d at mst banks and fast-fd restaurants. With a serpentine line, a lng delay at ne register wn't unfairly punish the peple wh lined up behind it. Instead, it will slw dwn everyne a little bit but speed up checkut verall.
15．It takes many registers t keep ne line mving quickly, and sme stres can't affrd the space r manpwer. S wherever yur next wait may be: Gd luck.
A．Why des this always seem t happen t yu?
B．S why dn't mst places encurage serpentine lines?
C．Sme f the may have std in a queue fr almst an hur.
D．The chances f yur line being the fastest are nly ne in three.
E.Hw high is the prbability that yu are in the fastest waiting line?
F.With three registers, this methd is much faster than the traditinal apprach.
G.But smetimes, as n a Sunday afternn, the system gets particularly busy.
【解析】本文是说明文。文章说明了杂货店排队方式以及研究人员提出的蛇形队伍的新方式，并分析了各自的利弊。
11．A下文“It turns ut, it's just math wrking against yu; chances are, the ther line really is faster. （原来，这只是你的数学问题；很可能，另一个队伍真的更快。）”解释了上文“Yu chse wrng.(你选错了)”的原因，下文与空格处是因果关系，所以本空应该是对前文选错提出疑惑，故选A项。
12．G上文“Grcery stres try t have enugh emplyees at checkut t get all their custmers thrugh with minimum delay.（杂货店尽量让足够的员工在结账时让所有的顾客以最小的延误完成结账。）”解释了杂货店之前的工作模式，下文“Any small interruptin a price check, a chatty custmer -can have dwnstream effects, hlding up an entire line.（任何一个小小的中断，一个价格检查，一个喋喋不休的顾客，都会产生下游效应，拖住整个生产线。）”描述了杂货店的特殊情况，故本空应该填出现特殊情况的原因，故选G项。
13．D根据上文“If there are three lines in the stre, delays will happen randmly at different registers. （如果杂货店中有三列队伍，延迟将在不同的队伍中随机发生。）”联系下文“S it's nt just in yur mind: Anther line prbably is mving faster.（所以这不仅仅是在你的脑海里：另一条队伍可能移动得更快。）”可知本空说的是任何一个队伍都有可能出现问题。你的队伍跑得最快的几率只有三分之一。故选D项。
14．F根据“上文Researchers have a gd way t deal with this prblem.(我们得知研究人员有一个很好的方法来处理这个问题)”以及下文“This is what they d at mst banks and fast-fd restaurants. With a serpentine line, a lng delay at ne register wn't unfairly punish the peple wh lined up behind it. Instead, it will slw dwn everyne little bit but speed up checkut verall.（这个大多数银行和快餐店都是这样做的。有了一条蜿蜒的队伍，在一个登记处长时间拖延不会不公平地惩罚后面排队的人。相反，它会减慢每个人一点点，但加快了整体结帐速度。）”说明这个新方案迅速有效，联系上下文可知，空格中应该是与旧的结账方案作比较。故选F项。
15．B结合下文“It takes many registers t keep ne line mving quickly, and sme stres can't affrd the space r manpwer.（要保持一条生产线的快速运转，需要很多的收银机，而且有些商店负担不起空间和人力。）”说明了一个原因，由此可知，空格处提出了一个问题；通过“It takes many registers t keep ne line mving quickly.(保持一条生产线的快速运转)”可知这里描述的是不鼓励蛇形队伍的原因。故选B项。
14.【2020年新课标Ⅰ】A Few Tips fr Self-Acceptance
We all want it… t accept and lve urselves. But at times it seems t difficult and t far ut f reach. 36. Here’s a handful f ways that will set yu in the right directin.
●37. D nt fllw the peple wh make yu feel nt-gd-enugh. Why d yu fllw them? Are yu hping that eventually yu will feel empwered because yur life is better than theirs? Knw that yur life is yur wn;yu are the nly yu in this wrld.
●Frgive yurself fr mistakes that yu have made. We are ften ashamed f ur shrtcmings, ur mistakes and ur failures. 38. Yu will make mistakes, time and time again. Rather than getting caught up in hw yu culd have dne better, why nt ffer yurself a cmpassinate (有同情心) respnse? ＂That didn’t g as planned. But, I tried my best.＂
●Recgnize all f yur strengths. Write them dwn in a jurnal. Begin t train yur brain t lk at strength befre weakness. List all f yur accmplishments and achievements. Yu have a jb, earned yur degree, and yu gt ut f bed tday. 39.
●Nw that yu’ve listed yur strengths, list yur imperfectins. Turn the page in yur jurnal. Put int wrds why yu feel unwrthy, why yu dn’t feel gd enugh. Nw, read these wrds back t yurself. 40. Turn t a page in yur jurnal t yur list f strengths and achievements. See hw awesme yu are?
A. Feeling upset again?
B. Where d yu start?
C. Nthing is t small t celebrate.
D. Remember, yu are nly human.
E.Set an intentin fr self-acceptance.
F.Stp cmparing yurself with thers.
G.When des the cmparisn game start?
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几个自我接纳的小技巧。
36.B 根据题目A Few Tips fr Self-acceptance(自我接纳的几点建议)及下文的Here's a handful f ways that will set yu in the right directin.(这有很多可以帮你找到正确方向的方法。)可知，选项B. Where d yu start? (从哪里开始那？)最合下文语境，故选B项。
37.F 根据下文Are yu hping that eventually yu will feel empwered because yur life is better than theirs? Knw that yur life is yur wn; yu are the nly ne in this wrld.(你是否希望最终你会因为自己的生活比他们的好而感到有力量？要知道，你的生活是你自己的；你在这个世界上是独一无二的。)可知，本段主要讲述不要把自己和别人作比较，因为生活是我们自己的，我们也是世界上独一无二的。故F. Stp cmparing yurself with thers.(停止把自己和别人进行比较。)可以作为本段中心句，故选F项。
38. D根据本文的中心句Frgive yurself fr mistakes that yu have made. (原谅自己所犯的错误。)及下文的Yu will make mistakes, time and time again. (你会一次又一次地犯错误。)可知，本句是在说明要讲自己看作一个普通人，普通人是会犯错的。选项D. Remember, yu are nly human.(记住，你只是个人。)与上下文衔接最好，故选D项。
39. C根据上文List all f yur accmplishments and achievements. Yu have a jb, earned yur degree, and yu gt ut f bed tday.(列出你所有的成就。你有了一份工作，拿到了学位，今天你拜托了困境。)可知，这些小事都是你取得的成就，都值得庆祝，即没有什么事是太小而不值得庆祝的。故选C项。
40.A 结合上文Put int wrds why yu feel unwrthy, why yu dn't feel gd enugh. Nw, read these wrds back t yurself.(用语言来解释为什么你觉得自己不值得，为什么你觉得自己不够好。现在，自己读一下这些话。)和下文的Turn t a page in yur jurnal t yur list f strengths and achievements. See hw awesme yu are? (翻到你日记本上记下你的优点和成就的那页。看到你有多棒了吗？)可推知本句是在说明“再次感到心烦意乱”的情况。选项A. Feeling upset again?(再次感觉心烦意乱了吗？)最合上下文语境，故选A项。
15.【2020年新课标Ⅱ】Emji(表情符号) and Wrkplace Cmmunicatin
In Asia, messaging platfrms are grwing rapidly, with users in the hundreds f millins, bth at wrk and play. 36. . It’s been reprted that 76 percent f emplyees in sme western cuntries are using emjis at wrk.
Written cmmunicatins can ften read as cld and dull. Using emjis can add humr and feeling, keeping intentin clear. 37. , encuraging better and mre frequent cmmunicatin.
In any given ffice, emplyees can range frm age 22 t 70 and beynd, and finding cmmn grund in cmmunicatin style can be a challenge. 38. . While the yunger generatins prefer t cmmunicate visually, fr thse used t wrking with traditinal tls like email, it may feel like a learning curve(曲线). The gd news is that it’s simple t learn and can be wrth the effrt.
There is als the matter f tne(语气). Wh hasn’t received an email s annying that it ruined an entire day? 39. . Emji can help cmmunicatin feel friendlier, and even a serius nte can be sftened with an encuraging smile.
40. , and emji can cntribute directly t that psitive utcme. And when yur emplyees begin adding smiling emjis t their business cmmunicatin, yu’ll knw yu have succeeded in imprving yur wrk culture.
A. Message with emjis feel mre cnversatinal
B. Even a frmal email can seem cld and unfriendly
C. Sending smiling faces t clleagues may seem strange
D. The ppularity f these platfrms is spreading glbally
E.Giving emplyees the tls enables them t cmmunicate hnestly
F.Studies shw that friendlier cmmunicatin leads t a happier wrkplace
G.An easy way t bring all wrk generatins tgether is with a chat platfrm
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了表情符号以及在工作交流所带来的优势。
36.D 根据前句“In Asia, messaging platfrms are grwing rapidly, with users in the hundreds f millins, bth at wrk and play.(在亚洲，即时通讯平台正在迅速发展，无论是工作还是娱乐，都有数亿用户)”和后句“It's been reprted that 76 percent f emplyees in sme western cuntries are using emjis at wrk.(据报道，在一些西方国家，76%的员工在工作中使用表情符号)”可知，前后句都说明了即时通讯平台受欢迎程度。所以选择项D. The ppularity f these platfrms is spreading glbally. (这些平台的受欢迎程度正在全球蔓延)符合题意。故选D。
37. A根据前句“Using emjis can add humr and feeling, keeping intentin clear.(使用表情符号可以增加幽默和感情，保持明确的意图)”和后半句“encuraging better and mre frequent cmmunicatin.(鼓励更好更频繁的交流)”可知，这里陈述使用表情符号的优点。所以选择项A. Messages with Emjis feel mre cnversatinal. (使用表情符号的信息让人感觉更健谈)符合题意。故选A。
38.G 根据前句“In any given ffice, emplyees can range frm age 22 t 70 and beynd, and finding cmmn grund in cmmunicatin can be a challenge. (在任何一间办公室，员工的年龄从22岁到70岁甚至更大，在交流中找到共同点可能是一项挑战)” 中关键词句“emplyees can range frm age 22 t 70 and beynd,”与选择项中“all wrk generatins”是一致的。故选G。
39.B 根据前句“ Wh hasn’t received an email s annying that it ruined an entire day? (谁没有收到过毁掉了一整天的邮件呢？)”和后文介绍表情的优点，可知，这里陈述电子邮件的缺点。所以选择项B. Even a frmal email can seem cld and unfriendly. (即使是一封正式的电子邮件也会显得冷淡和不友好)故选B。
40. F根据后句“and Emji can cntribute directly t that psitive utcme. (并且表情符号可以直接促成这种积极的结果)”可知，这里陈述表情符号能给工作场所带来的好处。所以选择项F. Studies shw that friendlier cmmunicatin leads t a happier wrkplace. (研究表明，更友好的沟通会带来更快乐的工作场所)故选F。
16.【2020年新课标Ⅲ】 A husewarming party is a special party t be held when smene buys r mves int a new apartment r huse. The persn wh bught the huse r mved is the ne wh thrws the party. The party is a chance fr friends and family t cngratulate the persn n the new hme. 36. And it is gd time t fill the new space with lve and hpeful presents.
37. Sme peple register a list f things they want r need fr their new hme at a lcal stres. Sme cmmn things peple will put n a gift registry include kitchen tls like knives and things like curtains. Even if there isn’t a registry, a gd husewarming gift is smething t decrate the new huse with, like a piece f art r a plant.
38. This is ften appreciated since at a husewarming there isn’t a lt f fd served. There are usually n planned activities like games at a husewarming party. The hst r hstess f the party will, hwever, prbably give all the guests a tur f their new hme. Smetimes, because a husewarming party happens shrtly after a persn mves int their new hme, peple may be asked t help unpack bxes. 39.
Husewarming parties get their name frm the fact that a lng time ag peple wuld actually bring firewd t a new hme as a gift. 40. Nw mst hmes have central heating and dn’t use fires t keep warm.
A. This isn’t usual thugh.
B. It is traditinal t bring a gift t a husewarming party.
C. Yu can als bring fd r drinks t share with the ther guests.
D. If yu’re lucky enugh t receive gifts, keep them in a safe place.
E.It als gives peple a chance t see what the new hme lks like.
F.The best husewarming parties encurage ld friends t get tgether.
G.This was s that the persn culd keep their hme warm fr the winter.
【解析】本文是说明文，介绍了乔迁聚会的目的，礼物的选取，活动安排和名称的由来。
36.E 上句 The party is a chance fr friends and family t cngratulate the persn n the new hme.(这个聚会是朋友和家人祝贺新家的机会)。介绍庆祝乔迁之喜的聚会是亲戚朋友祝贺搬新家的人的一次机会，下句 And it is a gd time t fill the new space with lve and hpefully presents.(现在是时候用爱和希望的礼物来填补新家了)。介绍这也是给新家装满爱和希望礼物的好时机。E项：它也给了人们一次看看新家什么样的机会。与上下句并列，都是庆祝乔迁之喜聚会的目的，故选E。
37. B下文Sme cmmn things peple will put n a gift registry include kitchen tls like knives and things like curtains.和like a piece f art r a plant. 列举了参加聚会所带礼物的清单，可以是厨房工具、窗帘、艺术品或绿植。这些都和参加聚会带礼物有关，B项：带礼物去参加乔迁派对是一种传统，概括了本段内容，引出下文，故选B。
38.C 本段介绍了聚会的活动安排，根据后文This is ften appreciated since at a husewarming there isn' t a lt f fd served.(这一点通常是值得赞赏的，因为在乔迁派对上不会提供很多食物)。指出因为新搬家，所以主人不会准备太丰盛的食物或太多的活动。那么本句是在建议你可以带上自己的食物或饮料与其他客人分享搬家，所以主人不会准备太丰盛的食物或太多的活动。C项：你也可以带上食物或饮料与其他客人分享。故选C。
39. A本段提到在乔迁聚会上人们会聚餐，主人带领客人参观新家。上句提到，由于乔迁聚会是在搬进新家后不久举行的，人们可能会被要求帮助打开箱子。根据常识可知在乔迁聚会上让客人们帮忙干活是不常见的，A项：但这并不常见。表达了此意，与上文衔接，故选A。
40.G 上句介绍了乔迁聚会名称的由来，根据bring firewd t a new hme as a gift.可知人们会带柴火作为礼物，那么本空承接上文说明了带柴火的目的和作用。G项：这样人们就可以在冬天的时候保持家里温暖。符合语境。故选G。
17.【2020年新高考全国Ⅰ 卷（山东卷）】 Sme individuals are brn with a gift fr public speaking.16. D yu want t be a gd public speaker? Here are sme principles yu must master.
Peple want t listen t smene wh is interesting, relaxed and cmfrtable. T ften when yu stand up t give a speech, yu fcus n the “public”at the expense f the”speaking. “ 17. Fcus n the speaking. Talk directly t yur audience, be yurself and make a cnnectin.
Even the mst successful public speaker will make mistakes. Yet, the nly ne wh cares abut any mistake is the ne wh is speaking. Peple’s attentin wanders cnstantly. In fact,mst peple nly absrb abut 20 percent f a speaker’s message. S, dn’t stp speaking when yu make a mistake unless it’s a truly serius ne.18.
Yur gal is nt t be a perfect public speaker.19. And like everything else in life, that takes practice. Remember, even wrld champin athletes practice their skills n a cnsistent basis.
20. It’s rare t hear smene say, “I wish that speaker had spken lnger. “On the ther hand, yu prbably can’t cunt the times that yu’ve thught, “I’m glad that talk is ver. It seemed t g n frever! “S surprise yur audience. Always make yur presentatin just a bit shrter than anticipated. It’s better t leave yur listeners wishing fr mre than shifting restlessly in their seats waiting fr yur speech finally t end.
A. D the ppsite.
B. Yu want t be an effective public speaker.
C. Yu dn’ t need t aplgize fr a minr slip.
D. When it cmes t public speaking, less is usually mre.
E.The bjective f mst speeches is t benefit the audience
F.Take the fear ut f public speaking by fcusing n yur listeners
G.Hwever, the majrity f peple are effective speakers because they train t be.
【解析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了成为好的演讲者需要掌握的一些原则。
16.G 本文主题是介绍成为好的演讲者要掌握的一些原则。上句提到有些人生来就有演讲的天赋。G项:然而，大多数人之所以能成为有影响的演讲者，是因为他们受过训练。与上句转折，引出本文主题--演讲者要训练。故选G。
17.A 下句Fcus n the speaking.是本段主题，建议演讲者把注意力集中在演讲上。上句提到一种常见现象，当站起来发表演讲时，演讲者往往会把注意力放在”公众”上，而不是”演讲”上。这是错误的做法，A项D the ppsite.承上启下，说明了上句做法的错误，引出了下句正确的做法。故选A。
18.C 本段提到即使成功的演讲者也会犯错误，观众不会太在意你的错误。上句建议当出错时不要停止演讲，除非是非常严重的错误。C项:你不需要为一个小失误道歉。与上句承接，是对待演讲出错的方法。故选C。
19. B本段是说明练习的重要性。上句提到你的目标不是成为一个完美的演说家，下句应该说明目标是什么。B. Yu want t be an effective public speaker.与上句衔接，是我们演讲的真正目的。故选B。
20.D 下文提到观众并不是认为演讲越长越好，根据 Always make yur presentatin just a bit shrter than anticipated.可知，作者建议让演讲比预期的短一点，给观众更多的期待胜过让他们坐立不安地等待演讲结束。D项:公开演讲时，通常少就是多。说明了演讲时，多和少的辩证关系。故选D。
18.【2020年新高考全国Ⅱ 卷（海南卷）】Talking with yur dctr
Talking freely with yur dctr can make yu feel better and gives yur dctr the infrmatin she r he needs t give yu the best care. Dn't be afraid r embarrassed t discuss smething that is bthering yu.____16____
●Stay psitive.
G t yur dctr's visits with a gd attitude.____17____Think teamwrk! Think psitive!
●Keep track f hw yu are feeling.
____18____This will make it easier fr yu t answer questins abut yur symptms（症状）and hw medicines make yu feel. It als makes it easier fr yu t bring up anything that yu are wrried abut. Make sure t be hnest abut hw yu feel and hw lng yu've felt that way.
●____19____
Yur medical histry is a list f yur illnesses, treatments, what the dctrs tld yu t d, and anything else yu think yur dctr shuld knw. Als, if yu are allergic（过敏）t any medicines, be sure t mentin that t yur dctr.
●Ask questins.
D nt be afraid t ask yur dctr any questins yu have. T remember all the questins yu have when yu are nt in the dctr's ffice, write them dwn and bring the list with yu t yur appintment.____20____Remember—there's n such thing as a stupid questin. If yu dn't understand the answer t a questin, ask the dctr t explain it again until yu d understand.
A. This will make getting answers easier.
B. Here are sme tips fr talking with yur dctr.
C. Yu can talk t anther dctr if the treatments dn't wrk.
D. Befre yur dctr's visit, keep ntes n hw yu are feeling.
E. Remember, yur dctr and ther caregivers are n yur side.
F. Bring yur medical histry, including a list f yur current medicines.
G. Writing dwn what the dctr says will help yu remember imprtant infrmatin.
【答案】16. B 17. E 18. D 19. F 20. A
【解析】这是一篇应用文，文章讲述了与医生谈话的几个小建议。
【16题详解】
根据文章第一段“Talking freely with yur dctr can make yu feel better and gives yur dctr the infrmatin she r he needs t give yu the best care. Dn't be afraid r embarrassed t discuss smething that is bthering yu.”可知，与你的医生畅所欲言可以让你感觉好些，并向你的医生提供她或他需要的信息，以便为你提供最好的护理。不要害怕或尴尬地讨论困扰你的事情。再结合下文为几条具体的建议，所以B项：Here are sme tips fr talking with yur dctr.（这里有一些与你的医生交谈的小建议。）符合题意，为顺承关系，故选B。
【17题详解】
根据文章第二段“teamwrk!”意为团队可知，E项：Remember, yur dctr and ther caregivers are n yur side.（记住，你的医生和其他护理人员都站在你这边。）与此呼应，故选E。
【18题详解】
根据文章“This will make it easier fr yu t answer questins abut yur symptms（症状）and hw medicines make yu feel. It als makes it easier fr yu t bring up anything that yu are wrried abut. Make sure t be hnest abut hw yu feel and hw lng yu've felt that way.”可知，这将使你更容易回答关于你的症状和药物让你感觉如何的问题。这也让你更容易提出你担心的任何事情。一定要诚实地说出你的感受，以及你这种感觉持续了多久。由此可知，这都是在讲感受，故D项：Befre yur dctr's visit, keep ntes n hw yu are feeling.（在你的医生来之前，记下你的感受。）与之呼应，故选D。
【19题详解】
根据文章“Yur medical histry is a list f yur illnesses, treatments, what the dctrs tld yu t d, and anything else yu think yur dctr shuld knw. Als, if yu are allergic（过敏）t any medicines, be sure t mentin that t yur dctr.”可知，你的病史是你的疾病，治疗，医生告诉你做什么，以及你认为你的医生应该知道的任何事情的清单。如果你有过敏的话，你也要提一下。因此可知看出，这是关于病史和清单的，故F项：Bring yur medical histry, including a list f yur current medicines.（带上你的病史，包括你目前的药物清单。）符合题意，相呼应，故选F。
【20题详解】
根据文章“D nt be afraid t ask yur dctr any questins yu have. T remember all the questins yu have when yu are nt in the dctr's ffice, write them dwn and bring the list with yu t yur appintment.”可知，不要害怕问你的医生你有的任何问题。当你不在医生办公室时，为了记住你的所有问题，把它们写下来，并带着清单去你的预约。以及“Remember—there's n such thing as a stupid questin. If yu dn't understand the answer t a questin, ask the dctr t explain it again until yu d understand.”可知，记住，没有什么愚蠢的问题。如果你不明白问题的答案，请医生再解释一遍，直到你明白为止。因此中间缺少过渡句，故A项：This will make getting answers easier.（这将使获得答案更容易。）正好可以连接两句，故选A。
19.【2020年北京卷】Many peple think that psitive thinking is mstly abut keeping ne's head in the sand and ignring daily prblems, trying t lk ptimistic. In reality it has mre t d with the way an individual talks t himself. Self-talk is a cnstant stream f thughts f a persn, wh is ften unaware and uncertain f sme events, phenmena, peple, r even the persn himself.____46____Meanwhile, psitive thinking can help t stp negative self-talks and start t frm a psitive view n an issue. Peple wh regularly practise psitive thinking tend t slve prblems mre effectively. They are less expsed t stress caused by external factrs. They tend t believe in themselves and in what they d.
____47____Peple wh think psitively demnstrate increased life spans, lwer rates f depressin and anxiety, better physical and psychlgical health, reduced risks f death frm heart prblems. Psitive thinking als cntributes t ne's ability t deal with prblems and hardships.____48____Fr example, researchers have fund that in the case f a crisis accmpanied by strng emtins, such as a natural disaster, psitive thinking can prvide a srt f buffer against depressin and anxiety. Resilient peple wh think psitively tend t treat every prblem as a challenge, a chance fr imprvement f any kind, r as an pprtunity fr persnal grwth. Pessimists, n the cntrary, tend t perceive prblems as a surce f additinal stress.____49____
In cnclusin, psitive thinking is a pwerful and effective tl fr dealing with hard times and imprving the quality f ne's life. It desn't have anything t d with ignrant ptimism when an individual refuses t ntice a prblem.____50____
Thinking in a psitive, self-encuraging way brings abut many benefits t ne's physical and mental health.
A. It desn't cause any severe emtinal discmfrt, either.
B. Negative self-talk damages self-cnfidence and decreases self-respect.
C. It helps ne t remain clear-headed and cnfident in difficult situatins.
D. Psitive thinking has several beneficial effects n the bdy and the mind.
E. As thinking changes, an individual's behaviur and habits change as well.
F. They ften ffer a real alternative t the cmmn and regular way f thinking.
G. They ften feel discuraged lng befre trying t slve the prblem, even if small.
【答案】46. B 47. D 48. C 49. G 50. A
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了积极思考对人产生的各种益处，同时将积极思考者与悲观主义者相比较，分析两种人的差异。积极思维是应对困难时期和提高个人生活质量的强大而有效的工具。
【46题详解】
根据上文“Self-talk is a cnstant stream f thughts f a persn, wh is ften unaware and uncertain f sme events, phenmena, peple, r even the persn himself.(自我对话是一个人持续不断的想法，他常常对一些事件、现象、人，甚至是他自己都没有意识和不确定)”以及后文“Meanwhile, psitive thinking can help t stp negative self-talks and start t frm a psitive view n an issue.(同时，积极的思考可以帮助停止消极的自我对话，开始形成对一个问题的积极的观点)”由此可知，上文对自我对话进行了定义，后文则提到了积极的思考可以有助于停止消极的自我对话，可知本句是在说明消极的自我对话对人的不良影响。后文中negative self-talks可对应到B选项中Negative self-talk。故B选项“消极的自言自语会损害自信，降低自尊”符合语境，故选B。
【47题详解】
根据后文“Peple wh think psitively demnstrate increased life spans, lwer rates f depressin and anxiety, better physical and psychlgical health, reduced risks f death frm heart prblems. Psitive thinking als cntributes t ne's ability t deal with prblems and hardships.(积极思考的人寿命更长，抑郁和焦虑率更低，身心更健康，死于心脏问题的风险更低。积极的思考也有助于一个人处理问题和困难的能力)”由此可知，后文提到了积极思考对人的益处，后文中Peple wh think psitively以及Psitive thinking可对应到D选项中Psitive thinking。故D选项“积极思考对身心有几个有益的影响”符合语境，故选D。
【48题详解】
根据后文“Fr example, researchers have fund that in the case f a crisis accmpanied by strng emtins, such as a natural disaster, psitive thinking can prvide a srt f buffer against depressin and anxiety.(例如，研究人员发现，当危机伴随着强烈的情绪时，比如自然灾害，积极的思考可以为抑郁和焦虑提供一种缓冲)”可知，后文举出的例子说明了积极思考可以让一个人在面临危机时，保持冷静。故C选项“它帮助一个人在困难的情况下保持头脑清醒和自信”符合语境，故选C。
【49题详解】
根据上文“Resilient peple wh think psitively tend t treat every prblem as a challenge, a chance fr imprvement f any kind, r as an pprtunity fr persnal grwth. Pessimists, n the cntrary, tend t perceive prblems as a surce f additinal stress.(积极思考的、有韧性的人倾向于把每一个问题都看作是一个挑战，一个改进的机会，或者一个个人成长的机会。相反，悲观主义者倾向于将问题视为额外压力的来源)可知，上文在将积极思考者与悲观主义者相比较，本句应承接上文，进一步解释说明悲观主义者在解决问题时一些性格特点。上文Pessimists可对应到G选项中They。故G选项“他们常常在试图解决问题之前就感到气馁，即使是很小的问题”符合语境，故选G。
【50题详解】
根据上文“In cnclusin, psitive thinking is a pwerful and effective tl fr dealing with hard times and imprving the quality f ne's life. It desn't have anything t d with ignrant ptimism when an individual refuses t ntice a prblem. (总之，积极思考是应对困难时期和提高个人生活质量的强大而有效的工具。当一个人拒绝注意到一个问题时，它与无知的乐观主义没有任何关系)”可知，本句承接上文进一步说明一个人拒绝注意到问题的影响，它与无知的乐观主义没有任何关系，也不会引起任何严重的情绪不适。故A选项“它也不会引起任何严重的情绪不适”符合语境，故选A。
20.【2020年浙江卷1月】Let's take a minute t think abut the water we use. The human bdy is 60% water and we need t drink lts f water t be healthy. When we are thirsty we just g t the kitchen and fill a glass with clean water.
___31___Fr example, farmers, wh prduce the fd we eat, use water t make the plants grw. When we turn n a light r switch n a TV r a cmputer we use energy and we need water t prduce this energy.
The truth is that we are lucky enugh t have clean water whenever we want，but this is nt the case fr many peple arund the wrld.___32___That's arund ne in 10 peple in the wrld. If we drink dirty water，we can catch diseases frm the bacteria and becme ill. Every year ver 500，000 children die frm diarrhea(腹泻)frm dirty water. That's arund 1，400 children every day！Als，in sme cuntries children walk many kilmetres every day t get water.___33___Therefre，they dn't have time t learn hw t read r write and dn't get an educatin.
___34___On this day every year，cuntries arund the wrld hld events t educate peple abut the prblems f dirty water and that clean water is smething that everyne shuld have arund the wrld. At ne schl in the UK，children between the ages f 10 and 15 walk 6km with six litres f water.___35___Peple give them mney t d this and all the mney helps get clean water t as many peple as pssible arund the wrld.
A. We use water indirectly t.
B. Every system in ur bdy depends n water t functin.
C. It is t inspire peple t learn mre abut water-related prblems
D. If children walk many hurs a day t get water，they can't g t schl.
E. Did yu knw that arund 750 millin peple d nt have clean water t drink？
F. In 1993 the United Natins decided that March 22nd is the Wrld Day fr Water.
G. In this way，they knw hw it feels t walk a lng distance carrying heavy bttles.
【答案】31. A 32. E 33. D 34. F 35. G
【解析】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了水是我们生活中非常重要的能源，而世界上很多人并不像我们这样幸运能喝到干净的水。世界上大约有7.5亿人没有干净的水喝，每年有50多万儿童死于脏水引起的腹泻。就此联合国决定3月22日为世界水日，并在当天举办活动来教育人们关于脏水的问题，让人们知道清洁的水是全世界每个人都应该拥有的。
【31题详解】
根据下文Fr example, farmers, wh prduce the fd we eat, use water t make the plants grw. When we turn n a light r switch n a TV r a cmputer we use energy and we need water t prduce this energy.（例如，生产我们吃的食物的农民，使用水使植物生长。当我们打开电灯或电视或电脑的开关时，我们使用能源，我们需要水来产生这种能源）可知下文是在列举人们间接使用水的例子，故A选项“我们也间接地用水。”符合上下文语境，故选A。
【32题详解】
根据下文That's arund ne in 10 peple in the wrld.（那大约是世界上十分之一的人）可推知本句为说明世界上没有干净水喝的人数。故E选项“你知道大约有7.5亿人没有干净的水喝吗?”符合上下文语境，故选E。
【33题详解】
根据上文Als，in sme cuntries children walk many kilmetres every day t get water.（而且，在一些国家，孩子们每天要走很多公里去取水）中walk many kilmetres every day t get water可对应到D选项中walk many hurs a day t get water，故D选项“如果孩子们每天走很多小时去取水，他们就不能去上学。”符合上下文语境，故选D。
【34题详解】
结合下文On this day every year，cuntries arund the wrld hld events t educate peple abut the prblems f dirty water and that clean water is smething that everyne shuld have arund the wrld.（每年的这一天，世界各国都会举办各种活动，让人们了解脏水的问题，让他们知道清洁的水是全世界每个人都应该拥有的）是在说明世界水日当天的活动，故可知本句为说明世界水日的设立时间，故F选项“1993年，联合国决定3月22日为世界水日。”符合上下文语境，故选F。
【35题详解】
根据前文At ne schl in the UK，children between the ages f 10 and 15 walk 6km with six litres f water.（在英国的一所学校，10到15岁的孩子负重6升水来步行6公里）可推知本句承接上文继续说明这一做法的意义是让孩子们了解带着沉重的瓶子走很长的距离是什么感觉。故G选项“通过这种方式，他们知道带着沉重的瓶子走很长的距离是什么感觉。”符合上下文语境，故选G。
【点睛】七选五做题技巧。做题的时候边读边做。各个问题附近的句子都需要重点阅读，圈画一些线索，再从选项中寻找相关的特征词用来判断正确答案。带入排除法也是一种很好的方法。另外，如果发现有一题拿不准的，先跳过，先做容易的能做出的题，直到读完整篇文章。至此，文章的要点和主旨、各个段落之间的逻辑关系应该基本就能清楚了。然后再回过去做之前不确定的题目。如第三小题，根据上文Als，in sme cuntries children walk many kilmetres every day t get water.（而且，在一些国家，孩子们每天要走很多公里去取水）中walk many kilmetres every day t get water可对应到D选项中walk many hurs a day t get water，故D选项“如果孩子们每天走很多小时去取水，他们就不能去上学。”符合上下文语境，故选D。