北京市中国人民大学附属中学高一下学期期中英语试题 （原卷版）-A4

这是一份北京市中国人民大学附属中学高一下学期期中英语试题 （原卷版）-A4，共10页。试卷主要包含了5分，共15分)， A等内容，欢迎下载使用。
说明：本试卷共8页，共100分;考试时间90分钟;请在答题卡上填写个人信息，并将条形码贴在答题卡的相应位置上。
第一题 完形填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
Several years ag, I was waiting fr my adult ballet class when I heard a vice behind me. “S, d yu have this perfect life?” My first reactin was t ___1___ wh was being asked such an dd questin. Then I remembered there were nly tw f us in the rm. When I turned arund, the ther wman was lking straight at me.
I had n idea hw t answer it. Was she ___2___ ? Wh has a perfect life? Sure, ccasinally I did find the perfect dress r the perfect pair f shes, but never wuld I use that wrd t describe anything abut me r my life. I felt a twinge f guilt fr smehw giving her that ___3___
She watched me. I finally managed t whisper a quick “N”.
By then, the teacher had entered the rm and turned n the music t start class. With a sigh f ___4___ I mved my feet int the best psitin. But I realized my cncentratin had been disturbed. This wman’s wrds wuldn’t stp eching in my thughts.
I wanted t knw hw she came up with her very mistaken ___5___ If she knew anything abut my life, she never wuld have had the urge t ask me that questin.
I did my best t d ur flr exercises in frnt f the mirrr. Fr a few mments, I didn’t see the usual ___6___ f my lder self attempting t use a beautiful art frm t imprve my gracefulness. I nly saw the girl whse father died when she was tw, the child wh walked hme frm elementary schl every day t an empty huse, wh learned t sew her wn clthes t ___7___ mney.
Perfect. My life had been far frm it.
When thse memries faded, I was left with a visin f the wman I had becme, the wman ___8___ by all thse things I cnsidered imperfect. I nw saw the wman wh had learned t be self-reliant, wh didn’t take life fr granted. Was that the “perfect” this wman had detected?
I still dn’t knw, but I n lnger feel ___9___ r feel like I must keep track f all the difficult times t prve my life isn’t perfect. If ever again asked whether my life is perfect, I wuld have a different ____10____. Because nw I see that, despite all its imperfectin, it is.
1. A. nticeB. wnderC. understandD. expect
2. A. fairB. anxiusC. seriusD. wise
3. A. intentinB. instructinC. impressinD. infrmatin
4. A. sadnessB. surpriseC. pleasureD. relief
5. A. ideaB. adviceC. reasnD. thery
6. A. reflectinB. preferenceC. appearanceD. expressin
7. A. cllectB. earnC. spendD. save
8. A. buriedB. shapedC. watchedD. fllwed
9. A. wrriedB. guiltyC. cautiusD. desperate
10. A. slutinB. messageC. apprachD. answer
第二题 语法填空 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
On 1 June, 1910, Captain Rbert Sctt left Lndn ____11____ (begin) his jurney t Antarctica. While he was n the way, he ____12____ (receive) a message frm the Nrwegian explrer Rnald Amundsen ____13____ said he was ging suth, t. Then the race t the Suth Ple began! During the plar summer, bth teams rganized fd bases in preparatin fr their jurneys the next year.
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
The scream ____14____ (paint) by Edvard Munch in 1893. ____15____ makes it striking is that it shws a thin figure with an expressin f fear — the figure’s muth is wide pen and letting ut a ____16____ (pwer) scream. The figure cvers his r her ears and lks directly at the viewer. This figure is set n a bridge abve a dark, strmy sea, and ____17____ a burning range-red sky.
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A Minecraft Mvie is nw playing all arund the cuntry. Yu may experience a strange phenmenn in the theatre: Kids ____18____ (recite) the lines alng with the mvie and bursting int spntaneus applause even thugh nne f these kids ____19____ (see) the mvie befre. ____20____ Jack Black shuts “Chicken jckey!”, half the audience shuts alng with him, then erupts int cheers. It feels like the real Jack Black has just walked int the rm.
第三题 阅读理解(共16小题;每小题2分，共32分)
第一节 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。(共11小题;每小题2分，共22分)
A
Flwer Pwer
When her grandmther’s health began t wrsen last autumn, Mary wuld make the drive frm Washingtn, DC t Winchester, VA every few days.
She hated highway driving, finding it ugly and bring. She preferred t take winding cuntry rads t her grandmther’s hspital. When she drve thrugh the rcky twn f Harpers Ferry, the beauty f the rugh waters was always appealing t her.
Tward the end f her jurney, Mary had t get n highway 81. It was here that she discvered a surprising bit f beauty during ne f her trips. Alng the shulder f the highway, there was a lng stretch f wild flwers. They were thin and delicate and purple, and mved back and frth in the wind as if whispering pems t each ther.
The first time she saw the flwers, Mary was seized by an uncntrllable urge t pull ver n the highway and pull a bunch frm the sil. She carried them int her grandmther’s rm when she arrived at the hspital and placed them in a vase by her bed.
Fr a mment her grandmther seemed mre lucid（清醒的）than usual. She thanked Mary fr the flwers, cmmented n their beauty and asked where she had gtten them. Mary was verjyed by the ability f the flwers t wake smething up inside her sick grandmther.
Afterwards, Mary began carrying scissrs in the car during her trips t visit her grandmther. She wuld quickly glide nt the shulder, jump ut f the car, and clip a bunch f flwers. Each time Mary placed the flwers in the vase, her grandmther’s eyes wuld light up and they wuld have a splendid cnversatin.
One mrning in late Octber Mary gt a call that her grandmther had taken a turn fr the wrse. Mary was in such a hurry t get t her grandmther that she sped past her flwer spt. She decided t turn arund, head several miles back, and cut a bunch.
Mary arrived at the hspital t find her grandmther very weak and unrespnsive. She placed the flwers in the vase and sat dwn t hld her grandmther’s hand. She felt a squeeze n her fingers. It was the last cnversatin they had.
21. Mary preferred t take cuntry rads t the hspital because she culd ________.
A. get n highway 81 mre easilyB. enjy the natural view alng the rads
C. pick wild flwers fr her grandmtherD. spend less time driving t the destinatin
22. When Mary placed the flwers by her grandmther’s bed, her grandmther _________.
A. came alive at the sight f the flwersB. cmmented n Mary’s beauty
C. was verjyed by the flwersD. was curius abut the type f the flwers
23. Frm the passage, we knw that ________.
A. Mary discvered the wild flwers alng the cuntry rads
B. Mary’s grandmther had passed away befre she arrived at the hspital
C. Mary’s last cnversatin with her grandmther was a silent ne
D Mary headed several miles back because she sped past the hspital
24. What des the passage cnvey t us?
A. Beauty in nature can be pwerful.B. Lve has n beginning r ending.
C. Life is as beautiful as summer flwers.D. Flwers have the magic t cure diseases.
B
A fascinating questin in human evlutin is, when did we first begin t think critically? In ther wrds, when did we turn frm animals fcused nly n the daily struggle t avid starvatin t humans wh culd think symblically abut the wrld arund us? Hwever, answering this questin is nt easy as thinking leaves n fssils t discver.
A cmmnsense assumptin is that higher levels f thught g hand-in-hand with verbal language, because higher thinking, such as creative thught, wuld naturally seek a means f expressin. S tracing the develpment f language culd give an apprximate idea f when humans began t think critically.
Interestingly, we d have sme fssil evidence related t speech. Animals whse larynx (vice bx) is placed high in their thrats are unable t prduce the variety f sunds necessary fr speech. Fssil bnes tell us that in early humans, the larynx was riginally high in the thrat. Hwever, by abut 200, 000 years ag, it had mved lwer in the thrat. This lwering prvided a larger sund chamber (the space in the thrat and the muth) in which passing air culd be cntrlled by the tngue, making a wide range f sunds and rhythms pssible.
S humans were physically able t speak arund 200,000 years ag, but when did they actually start ding s? Estimates range frm 35,000 t 100,000 years ag. But with n physical evidence f ancient language use, we need anther apprach t determine mre precisely when humans began t speak — and t think critically.
Prfessr Richard Klein f Stanfrd University suggests that art may be the key. After all, ability t create r appreciate art is a uniquely human trait. If ancient humans had the imaginatin t create a wrk f art (which in itself is a means f cmmunicatin), then it seems highly likely that they wuld pssess the primary means f cmmunicatin: language. This suggests that the first wrks f art can be cnsidered indicatrs f when language and critical thught began.
Until recently the earliest art was believed t be cave paintings, carved figures, and jewelry fund in suthwestern Eurpe and thught t date frm abut 40,000 years ag. This suggested that humans first became capable f critical thught abut 40,000 years ag. Hwever, this time frame was recently verturned by an exciting discvery in Suth Africa. Anthrplgist Christ Henshilwd spent mre than ten years explring a cave there. He fund many well-made tls, but mre intriguing were the 8,000 pieces f chre, a sft stne that can be turned int paint. Hensilwd’s breakthrugh came in 1999 when he fund an chre piece with lines cut in a careful pattern. In ther wrds, it was deliberate artistic design. Henshilwd had fund the ldest piece f art yet, its date f rigin set at 70,000 years — nearly 30,000 years befre the art in Eurpe.
Based n Henshilwd’s discvery, it seems that humans began t speak and think critically at least 70,000 years ag.
25. ______ made humans physically able t speak.
A. The higher thinking
B. The lwering f the larynx
C. The evlutin f the tngue
D. The appearance f varius sunds
26. What can be inferred frm the passage?
A. Humans haven’t fund fssils f leaves.
B. N ther animals than humans can enjy art.
C. Withut creative thught, humans wuld be unable t speak.
D. Evidence f ancient language use was nce fund in Eurpe.
27. Accrding t the passage, the ldest deliberate artistic design dates back ______ t years ag.
A. 30 000B. 40, 000
C. 70, 000D. 200, 000
28. Which f the fllwing issue des the authr mainly intend t deal with?
A. When humans began t think.
B. When humans became able t create art.
C. Hw humans cmmunicated mre freely.
D. Hw humans stpped struggling fr starvatin.
C
Are we wrthy f special attentin frm advanced species in the Milky Way? We may be a phenmenn as uninteresting t them as ants are t us;after all, when we’re walking dwn the sidewalk we rarely, if ever, examine every ant alng ur path.
Our sun frmed at the tail end f the star frmatin histry f the universe. Mst stars are billins f years lder than urs. Half f all sunlike stars hst an Earth-size planet in their habitable zne, allwing fr liquid water and fr the chemistry f life. Since the dice f life were rlled in billins f ther lcatins within the Milky Way under similar cnditins t thse n Earth, life, as we knw it, is likely cmmn. A questin may arise:Where is everybdy then? That’s Fermi’s paradx (悖论). The silence between ur neighbrs and us may mean that we are nt the mst attentin-wrthy ckies in the jar.
As a first apprximatin (类似事物) t what humans lk like, it is reasnable t glance at the mirrr, fr each f us shares a cmmn genetic ancestry with all peple. But this might nt be the case fr life that develped independently n ther planets. Fr example, vegetatin n the nearest habitable explanet, Prxima Centauri b. culd be shckingly different frm thse n Earth. vegetatin n the planet’s surface wuld adapt t harvesting infrared light, shwing a “red edge” at a lnger wavelength than plants n Earth. As a result, the grass in ur neighbr’s yard may be dark red and nt green like urs.
It is even mre difficult t frecast what technlgies that are billins f years ld wuld lk like. In searching fr them, we must nt ignre unexpected signals seen thrugh the telescpes. If ur instruments are nt sensitive enugh r ur search techniques are inadequate, we will nt discver technsignatures. Prcessing data withut suitable machine- learning algrithms may resemble casting an ineffective fishing net that never catches fish because its hles are t big.
As we imagine new technlgies, we may ultimately find the ne that wuld allw us t detect many ther species wh use it. Hwever, we shuld take cautin with anecdtal bservatins that are nt up t the standards f scientific evidence. This includes cnspiracy theries withut supprting evidence, which appear nce in a while, r reprts abut UFOs, which d nt stand up t the scrutiny f reprducibility. Since ur recrding devices have imprved cnsiderably ver time, ne wuld expect that a fuzzy pht taken by an ld camera frm 50 years ag wuld turn int a clear image in tday’s advanced cameras, thus prviding cnclusive evidence beynd any reasnable dubt. T achieve scientific credibility, any finding f an unusual bject must be fllwed by studying it r ther bjects f its type thrugh well-dcumented scientific prcedures. Scientific evidence restricts ur imaginatin and saves us frm far-fetched ideas.
Fermi’s paradx assumes we humans have sme srt f csmic significance. The reality may be that we are rdinary and dmed t disappear, just like the dinsaurs. Why wuld ur galactic neighbrs care abut hw green ur grass is?Given that dwarf stars like Prxima Centauri are much mre abundant than the sun, mst habitable planets might be cvered with dark red grass, which wuld be as sthing t the infrared eyes f mst ex- vacatiners as green grass is t us. As a result, interstellar turist agencies may find Prxima b t be a mre attractive destinatin than Earth. We culd wnder, as Enric Fermi did, why n ex- turists have shwn up t admire us. But better yet, we culd get in tuch with Prxima b and invite the lcals t visit and share a water- based drink with us.
29. Accrding t Paragraph 1 and 2, ______.
A. liquid water is an essential resurce fr life t start
B. lives frm ther planets are planning t prey n earth
C. the slar system frmed right after the universe began
D. ants by the street are easily nticed by peple passing by
30. The underlined wrd “fish” in paragraph 4 is used t refer t ______.
A. infrared lightB. Search techniques
C. UFOs passing the earthD. messages frm uter space
31. The reprted cases in which peple claim t witness aliens ______.
A. restrict imaginatin.B. take place very ften.
C. are yet t be verified.D. are thrughly studied.
32. What might be the best title fr the passage?
A. What are lives n ther planets like?
B. Where d aliens live in the universe?
C. When will humans be able t travel in space?
D. Why wuld we believe ur neighbrs want t visit us?
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)
Yu’re faced with a lt f decisins in everyday wrk. There are multiple tasks calling fr yur fcus, and yu are burning daylight r even burn ut trying t decide what cmes first. ___33___
If yu’re ging t think smarter abut hw yu priritize (排序) tasks, yu have t invest a little time away frm yur t-d list. Here’s the thing: what yu wrk n cnfirms yur values. Yu may think it’s n big thing t wrk vertime fr a little while, but smething will be sacrificed with this decisin. If yu’re a parent, yu might spend less time with yur kids. Similarly, if yu chse nt t wrk much r effectively, yu’re deciding that yur values lie utside yur career. ___34___
Write all the tasks dwn and create fur bxes cntaining all f things yu care abut. This culd be: helps the cmmunity, helps ne-t-ne relatinships, makes mney, and things yu find persnally fulfilling. Then place them in the bxes and see hw many f the bxes each ne takes up. Anything that fills just ne bx has t be recnsidered. Anything that fills nthing shuld nt be cnsidered at all. ___35___Frm here, the rest f the priritizatin gets a little easier. Yu nw have a better idea where the effrts are really paying ff. Yu als knw when yu are wasting yur wn time.
In rder t figure ut a plan fr yurself, the first thing yu shuld be ding is gathering all f yur tasks, large and small. ____36____ Other peple are cunting n yu r yur future self will depend n them smehw. These are actually easier t priritize. Then break dwn large tasks int smaller pieces. That helps put things in rder. Part f the reasn we d the small things first is that being prductive feels gd. Acknwledging accmplishments makes yu mre likely t keep ging and pushes yu thrugh the mre cmplicated tasks.
___37___ Ntice when yur energy levels are high and when they are weak. Be aware when yu’re mre prductive fr scial activities and when yu’re better ff. The mre yu study yurself, the easier planning becmes.
Nw that yu have yur pririties in rder, g ahead and yu will bst yur prductivity.
A. Yu can als priritize based n energy levels.
B. The gd news is that sme tasks can keep yu mtivated.
C. S hw can yu figure ut what’s mst imprtant t wrk n first?
D. This activity allws yu t see where yu really want t invest yur energy.
E. If yu want t make a new list, yu need t turn t yur clleagues fr help.
F. There are sme tasks that are pretty straightfrward and yu need t d the thing.
G. Where yu invest yur time is nt just abut what yu value but als what yu dn’t value.
第四题 词汇(每小题1分，共11分)
根据中文提示或单词首字母，用该单词的正确形式完成句子，在答题纸填写完整单词。
38. The c______ written by the English teacher n ur essays are really encuraging. (根据首字母单词拼写)
39. Under labr laws, all emplyees deserve e______ pprtunities fr prmtin. (根据首字母单词拼写)
40. Architects must carefully m______ each angle befre finalizing the building’s design. (根据首字母单词拼写)
41. The scientist’s ______ (探索) f Arctic ecsystems prvided grundbreaking climate data. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
42. Her ________ (有创意的) marketing campaign increased sales by 150% in just three mnths. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
43. Freshwater is becming a scarce ______ (资源) in many parts f the wrld due t drughts. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
44. We shuld avid j______ peple based slely n first impressins. (根据首字母单词拼写)
45. His lifelng p______ fr classical music led him t becme a renwned cnductr. (根据首字母单词拼写)
46. The rganizatin cntinues t a______ (倡导) fr better wrking cnditins acrss all industries. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
47. Mdern vide games use stunning v______ (视觉的) effects t create realistic virtual wrlds. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
48. When she saw the child in danger, she rushed int the burning building withut h______.(根据首字母单词拼写)
第五题 书面表达(共两节，27分)
第一节(共4小题;第48、49题各2分，第50题3分，第51题5分，共12分)
The last thing I wanted t hear when my gvernment-spnsred schlarship was withdrawn during my final year f cllege was: "Things are wrking ut fr yur wn gd Just give them sme time." Thse wrds just stirred a lt f anger in me.
Then I read the stry f the Chinese bamb farmer, which gave me a different view n life. The seed f the Chinese bamb is planted in the grund like every seed. It is watered, and fed with nutrients daily, but it shws n immediate physical respnse and desn't appear t grw. The farmer cntinues t water and feed the seed in year ne, year tw, and year three. N grwth is seen until the furth year, when the seed finally breaks thrugh the grund. Then, in the space f just five weeks, it grws ninety feet tall. The Chinese bamb grws t its full capacity within 5 years.
Despite nt seeing an immediate result, the farmer had trust in what he was ding. He cntinued t water and feed the plant fr fur years, because he believed that if he played his wn rle and did all that a farmer was suppsed t d, then he wuld be given his reward at the right time. That trust and patience is what kept the farmer persistently feeding his seed fr fur years befre enjying the reward in the end.
Life is nt always straightfrward. Mst ften, it's nt a matter f 5+5 =10 (Sum 1).
Life can be mre like 2+1+2+0+0+0+1+2+0+0+1 + 1=10 (Sum 2).
Bth sums lead t the same result, but thrugh quite different paths and prcesses. T be mature is t accept that things might lk rugh right nw but the stry can still have a great ending.
We might live in a micrwave generatin where everything seems t happen instantly; but many things still bey the laws f nature. Just ding what yu are suppsed t be ding, having patience like the Chinese bamb farmer, and trusting that things will wrk ut fr yu can help yu get thrugh the tughest times.
49. What happened t the authr in the final year f cllege?
50. Hw des the Chinese bamb grw in the furth year?
51. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
T vercme difficulties, we need t trust that things will wrk ut and simply wait patiently fr the great ending t cme.
52. Which is yur life mre like, Sum 1 r Sum 2? Explain why. (abut 40 wrds)
第二节(15分)
53. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你校交换生Jim 打算寒假出京旅游，发来邮件请你推荐一座中国历史文化名城。请给他回复邮件，内容包括：
1. 你的推荐；
2 推荐理由;
3. 食宿建议。
注意：1. 词数不少于 50；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,